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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0116.v1

Potent Natural Inhibitors of Alpha-Glucosidase and Alpha-Amylase against Hyperglycemia in Vitro and in Vivo

Jirawat Riyaphan, Chien-Hung Jhong, May-Jwan Tsai, Der-Nan Lee, Max K. Leong, Ching-Feng Weng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: In vivo; Alpha-glucosidase; Alpha-amylase; hyperglycemia

Online: 16 March 2017 (09:35:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0073.v1

Strategies in the Design of Antidiabetic Drugs from Terminalia Chebula Retz. Using in silico and in vitro Approach

Twinkle Bansode, B.K. Salalkar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: diabetes mellitus, molecular docking, thin layer chromatography, alpha amylase, ellagic acid

Online: 20 September 2016 (16:13:12 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0020.v1

Potential Modes of Intercellular Alpha-Synuclein Transmission

Dario Valdinocci, Rowan A. W. Radford, Sue Maye Siow, Roger S. Chung, Dean L. Pountney

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: alpha-synuclein; Parkinsons disease; dementia with Lewy bodies; multiple system atrophy; tunelling nanotube; glymphatic system; cell-to-cell spread

Online: 7 February 2017 (03:24:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0102.v1

Some Quantum Estimates of Hermite-Hadamard Inequalities for Convex Functions

Wenjun Liu, Hefeng Zhuang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: convex functions; Hermite-Hadamard inequality; quantum estimate

Online: 19 December 2016 (11:25:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0055.v1

Convexity Properties and Inequalities Concerning the (p,k)-Gamma function

Kwara Nantomah

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: (p,k)-Gamma function; convex functions; Bohr-Mollerup theorem; (p,k)-Riemann zeta function; inequality

Online: 11 January 2017 (07:35:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0028.v1

An Automatic Measurement Method for Absolute Depth of Objects in Two Monocular Images Based on SIFT Feature

Lixin He, Jing Yang, Bin Kong, Can Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: monocular image; image segment; SIFT; depth measurement; convex hull

Online: 3 May 2017 (09:19:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0085.v3

Vertex Domination in Fuzzy Graphs

Mohammadesmail Nikfar

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: fuzzy graph; fuzzy bridge; fuzzy tree; $\alpha$-strong arc; vertex domination

Online: 5 May 2019 (12:20:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0100.v1

Cut-off Values of Hematologic Parameters to Predict the Number of Alpha Genes Deleted in Subjects with Deletional Alpha Thalassemia

Diego Velasco-Rodríguez, Carlos Blas, Juan-Manuel Alonso-Domínguez, Gala Vega, Carlos Soto, Aránzazu García-Raso, Pilar Llamas-Sillero

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: alpha; thalassemia; deletional; cut-off; number of genes; microcytic anemia; differential diagnosis

Online: 21 September 2017 (04:47:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0164.v2

Toward a More Complete, Flexible, and Safer Speed Planning for Autonomous Driving via Convex Optimization

Yu Zhang, Huiyan Chen, Steven L. Waslander, Tian Yang, Sheng Zhang, Guangming Xiong, Kai Liu

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: speed planning; convex optimisation; autonomous driving; friction circle; driving safety; dynamic obstacle avoidance; ride comfort; mobility

Online: 16 May 2018 (11:08:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0176.v1

Some Properties of h-MN-Convexity and Jensen’s Type Inequalities

Mohammad W. Alomari

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: h-Convex function; means; Jensen inequality

Online: 30 October 2017 (03:02:46 CET)

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In this work, we introduce the class of h-MN-convex functions by generalizing the concept of MN-convexity and combining it with h-convexity. Namely, let M : [0, 1] → [a, b] be a Mean function given by M (t) = M (t; a, b); where by M (t; a, b) we mean one of the following functions: A_t(a, b) := (1 − t) a + tb, G_t(a, b) = a¹^−tb^t and H_t(a, b) :=

\frac{a b}{t a + (1 - t) b} = \frac{1}{A_{t} (\frac{1}{a}, \frac{1}{b})}

with the property that M (0; a, b) = a and M (1; a, b) = b. Let I, J be two intervals subset of (0, ∞) such that (0, 1) ⊆ J and [a, b] ⊆ I. Consider a non-negative function h : J → (0, ∞), a function f : I → (0, ∞) is said to be h-MN-convex (concave) if the inequality f (M (t; x, y)) ≤ (≥) N (h(t); f (x), f (y)), holds for all x, y ∈ I and t ∈ [0, 1]. In this way, nine classes of h-MN-convex functions are established, and therefore some analytic properties for each class of functions are explored and investigated. Characterizations of each type are given. Various Jensen’s type inequalities and their converses are proved.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0180.v1

Low Levels of IgG Recognizing the Alpha-1-Antitrypsin (A1AT) ^50-63 Peptide and Its Association with Taiwanese Women with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome

Yu-Sheng Chang, Chih-Hong Pan, Che-Chang Chang, Kai-Leun Tsai, Han-Wen Chou, Jin-Hua Chen, Sheng-Hong Lin, Yi-Ying Lu, Chih-Chun Tai, Yi-Fang Lin, Ching-Yu Lin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: primary Sjögren's syndrome; alpha-1-antitrypsin; inhibitor; 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal; autoantibody isotypes; serum

Online: 30 October 2017 (04:30:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0058.v1

Integrative Proteomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Cotton Plant Defense Mechanisms Induced by Insect (Adelphocoris suturalis Jakovlev) Feeding

Hui Lu, Shuai Zhang, Junyu Luo, Chunyi Wang, Limin Lv, Lijuan Zhang, Xiangzhen Zhu, Li Wang, Xueke Gao, Hongxia Hua, Jinjie Cui

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Gossypium hirsutum L.; Adelphocoris suturalis (Jakovlev); alpha-linolenic acid pathway; tryptophan metabolism; plant defence

Online: 4 September 2018 (06:29:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0136.v1

Some Inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard Type]{Some Inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard Type for Hyperbolic p-Convex Functions

Silvestru Dragomir

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Convex functions, Hyperbolic p-convex Functions, Hermite-Hadamard inequalities, Integral inequalities.

Online: 21 February 2018 (15:04:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0174.v1

Popoviciu's Type Inequalities for h-MN-Convex Functions

Mohammad W. Alomari

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: h-convex function; means; popoviciu inequality

Online: 28 October 2017 (07:27:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0125.v1

A New Iterative Scheme for Approximation of Fixed Points of Suzuki's Generalized Nonexpansive Mappings

Shivam Rawat, Ramesh Chandra Dimri, Ayush Bartwal

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: Uniformly convex Banach space; Iteration process; Suzuki's generalized nonexpansive mapping; weak convergence; Strong convergence

Online: 7 May 2021 (09:05:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0200.v1

Univalent Functions Defined by a Generalized Multipler Differential Operator

Adnan Ghazy Alamoush

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Geometry And Topology Keywords: Analytic functions; univalent function; differential operator; differential subordination; convex functions; structural formula

Online: 21 February 2019 (10:00:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0365.v1

Enantioselective Organocatalyzed a-Amination of 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds in Deep Eutectic Mixtures

Diego Ros Ñíguez, Pegah Khazaeli, Diego A. Alonso, Gabriela Guillena

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: asymmetric organocatalysis; benzimidazole; alpha-Amination; deep eutectic solvents; green chemistry, natural products

Online: 27 April 2018 (16:23:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0017.v1

Inequalities and Approximations for the Finite Hilbert Transform: A Survey of Recent Results

Silvestru Sever Dragomir

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Finite Hilbert Transform; Lipschitzian; Monotonic; Convex functions; Midpoint and Trapezoid inequalities; Ostrowski's inequality; Taylor's formula

Online: 2 March 2018 (05:11:07 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0189.v1

The Janus Face of NKT Cell Function in Autoimmunity and Infectious Diseases

Alessandra Torina, Giuliana Guggino, Marco Pio La Manna, Guido Sireci

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: microbes; autoimmunity; glycolipids,alpha-GalactosylCeramide; sulfatide; CD1d; NKT.

Online: 20 January 2018 (13:59:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0442.v1

Inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard Type for Composite h-Convex Functions

Silvestru Sever Dragomir

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: convex functions; AG, AH-h-convex functions; GA, GG, GH-h-convex functions and HA, HG, HH-h-convex function; integral inequalities

Online: 27 June 2018 (10:45:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0145.v1

Inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard Type for Composite Convex Functions

Silvestru Dragomir

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: convex functions; AG, AH-convex functions; GA, GG, GH -convex functions and HA, HG, HH-convex function; integral inequalities

Online: 11 April 2018 (08:46:29 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0699.v1

Bismuth-213 for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy: From Atom to Bedside

Stephen Ahenkorah, Irwin Cassells, Christophe M Deroose, Thomas Cardinaels, Andrew R Burgoyne, Guy Bormans, Maarten Ooms, Frederik Cleeren

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Bismuth-213; Targeted Radionuclide Therapy; Targeted alpha Therapy; radiopharmaceutical; bifunctional chelator; vector molecule

Online: 29 March 2021 (14:43:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0071.v1

Hermite Hadamard Type Inequalities for Functions Whose Derivatives Are η- Convex via Fractional Integrals

Shin Min Kang, Muhammad Shoaib Saleem, Mamoona Ghafoor, Waqas Nazeer

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: convex function; η- convex function; Hermite Hadamard type inequality; fractional integral

Online: 5 June 2018 (13:35:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0123.v1

Some Fixed Point Theorems in Pseudo Multiplicative Metric Spaces with Convex Structure

Naveed Jamal, M. Anwar Chaudhry, M. Bakhsh Baloch

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: contractive mapping; Convex Pseudo multiplicative metric space; fixed point theorems

Online: 13 June 2019 (13:20:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0038.v1

Responses of Individual Plant Species, Functional Groups, α- and β-Diversity to Short-Term Grazing Exclusion under Severe Drought Episode in Long-Term Grazed Alfa-Steppes

Yacine Kouba, Saifi Merdes, Badreddine Saadali, Haroun Chenchouni

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Mediterranean steppes; drylands; alpha diversity; beta diversity; rangeland grazing; indicator species

Online: 5 January 2020 (15:22:33 CET)

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Grazing exclusion has been proved to be one of the main measures for rehabilitating degraded arid steppes. However, the effect of this management practice on plant species diversity and composition is ambiguous, specially under prolonged droughts. Concurrently considering the responses of individual plant species, diversity of functional groups, α-diversity, and β-diversity (and its components) may be crucial to the holistic understanding of grazing exclusion effects on plant communities under drought conditions. Here, we investigated the response of these diversity measures to short-term sheep exclusion under severe drought episode in arid steppes of Alfa-grass (Stipa tenacissima) with a long evolutionary history of livestock grazing. Individual species responses were tested based on species occurrence and abundance in either grazed or grazing-excluded steppes, in addition, we used indicator species analysis to assess the strength of the association between plant species and management type. Likewise, α-diversity, abundance- and incidence-based β-diversity, as well as the functional groups’ diversities were quantified using Hill Numbers and compared between the two management types. Sheep grazing exclusion enabled the recovery of various Alfa-steppe indicator species and improved the size of regional species pool, overall α-diversity, and the diversity of therophytes. This management practice decreased the abundance-based β-diversity and the nestedness-resultant fraction of the incidence-based β-diversity at the local scale, while at the landscape scale increased the abundance-based β-diversity and its balanced variation fraction and reduced the incidence-based β-diversity and its turnover component. Furthermore, protection from grazing altered β-diversities scaling patterns by maintaining higher balanced variation in species abundance at large spatial scale and greater abundance-gradient in species composition at the fine-scale. Our results suggest that the implementation of short-term grazing exclusion in degraded arid steppes would be the appropriate management practice for vegetation restoration and plant diversity conservation during prolonged drought periods.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0316.v1

Next-Generation Multimodality of Nanomedicine Therapy: Folic Acid Conjugated Copolymer and Folate Receptor Interactions Disrupt Receptor Functionality Resulting in Dual Therapeutic Anti-Cancer Potential in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Alexandria DeCarlo, Cecile Malardier-Jugroot, Myron R Szewczuk

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: nanoparticles; FA-DABA-SMA; drug delivery systems; folic acid receptor alpha; intracellular disruptions; invasion and migration; breast cancer

Online: 14 August 2020 (09:49:17 CEST)

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The development of a highly specific drug delivery system (DDS) for anti-cancer therapeutics is an area of intense research focus. Chemical engineering of a “smart” DDS to specifically target tumor cells has gained interest, designed for safer, more efficient, and effective use of chemotherapeutics for the treatment of cancer. However, the selective targeting and choosing the critical cancer surface biomarker are essential for targeted treatments to work. The folic acid receptor alpha (FRalpha) has gained popularity as a potential target in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We have previously reported on a functionalized folic acid (FA)-conjugated amphiphilic alternating copolymer poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) (FA-DABA-SMA) via a biodegradable linker 2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DABA) that has the essential features for efficient “smart” DDS. This biocompatible DDS self-assembles in a pH-dependent manner, providing stimuli-responsive, active targeting, extended-release of hydrophobic chemotherapeutic agents, and can effectively penetrate the inner core of 3-dimensional cancer spheroid models. The empty FA-DABA-SMA decreased spheroid volume, revealing a previously unknown mechanism of action. Upon further investigation, a size- and shape-dependent interaction FA-DABA-SMA with FR reduced the expression of p53, the product of the highly mutated TP53 gene, and additional oncogenic c-Myc and STAT3 proteins. Here, we investigated how this copolymer influences FR behavior and disrupting the receptor’s functions. Results indicate that FA-DABA-SMA increases FR expression levels in breast MDA MB-231 cancer cells and disrupting FR signaling by the reduction in HES1 and NOTCH1 protein expression levels. Also, FA-DABA-SMA induces apoptosis and further causes a change in the morphology of the MDA MB-231 cells, as well as significantly reduces their ability to migrate in a Scratch wound assay. Collectively, these findings provide a novel insight into the functionalized FA-DABA-SMA copolymer. The 350 kDa and 20 kDa copolymers actively target FRα to initialize internationalization. However, only the large size and sheet-shaped 350 kDa copolymers disrupt FRα signaling. The significance of these novel findings reveals the intracellular activity of the copolymer that is critically dependent on the size and structural shape. This report offers novel therapeutic insight into a dual mechanism of FA-DABA-SMA copolymer for its therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancer.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0195.v1

Random Fixed Point Theorems for Generalized Random α-ψ-contractive Mappings with Applications to Stochastic Differential Equation

Chayut Kongban, Poom Kumam, Juan Martinez-Moreno

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: random fixed point, random $\alpha-$admissible with respect to $\eta$, generalized random $\alpha-\psi-$contractive mapping.

Online: 11 September 2018 (11:52:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0276.v1

Rethinking the Paradoxical Increase in Endogenous Glucose Production in Response to Metformin: Should We Retain the Glucagon Antagonistic Effect of the Drug?

Jabeur Methnani, Taieb Ach, Aymen El Hraiech, Imed Latiri, Ali Bouslama, Monia Zaouali, Asma omezzine, Ezdine Bouhlel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Biguanides; Antihyperglycemic agents; Liver alpha-cell axis; gluconeogenesis; Protein metabolism; insulin sensitivity

Online: 15 December 2022 (08:37:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0301.v1

Duality Based Risk Mitigation Method for Construction of Joint Hydro-Wind Coordination Short-Run Marginal Cost Curves

Perica Ilak, Ivan Rajšl, Josip Đaković, Marko Delimar

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: convex programming; wind power, hydropower; risk mitigation; CVaR; short-run marginal cost curve

Online: 23 April 2018 (17:35:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0224.v1

On Partial Sums of Analytic Univalent Functions

Mohammad Mehdi Shabani, Saeed Hashemi Sababe

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: harmonic; univalent; convex; partial sums

Online: 22 June 2019 (12:35:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0089.v1

A Generalized Fejér-Hadamard Inequality for Harmonically Convex Functions via Generalized Fractional Integral Operator and Related Results

Shin Min Kang, Ghulam Abbas, Ghulam Farid, Waqas Nazeer

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: harmonically convex functions; hadamard inequality; generalized fractional integral operator; Mittag-Leffler function

Online: 6 June 2018 (12:06:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0001.v1

Using High-Content Screening Technology as a Tool to Generate Single-Cell Patient-Derived Gene-Corrected Isogenic iPS Clones for Parkinson’s Disease Research

Peter A. Barbuti, Paul M. Antony, Bruno F.R. Santos, François Massart, Gérald Cruciani, Claire M. Dording, Jonathan Arias, Jens C. Schwamborn, Rejko Krüger

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: CRISPR-Cas9; high-content screening (HCS); fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS); Parkinson's disease (PD); patient-derived iPS; single-cell clones; isogenic cell lines; SNCA; alpha-synuclein; A30P

Online: 2 May 2020 (11:20:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0324.v1

Associations between the Duration and Frequency of Sedentary Bouts and Adiposity in Elderly Community-Dwelling Women

Jana Pechová, Jana Pelclová, Aleš Gába, Izabela Zając-Gawlak, Lenka Tlučáková, Jan Dygrýn, Zuzana Svozilová, Hana Lepková

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: Adipose tissue, Adiposity, Sedentary bouts, Alpha sedentary, Elderly women

Online: 14 November 2018 (08:09:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0018.v1

Some Distortion Theorems for New Subclass of Harmonic Univalent Functions

Mohammad Mehdi Shabani, Saeed Hashemi Sababe

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Convex harmonic functions; Starlike harmonic functions; Univalent harmonic functions; Extremal problems; differential operator

Online: 5 May 2019 (12:05:44 CEST)

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Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0016.v1

Naviculectomy as a Third Way Beyond Minimally Invasive and Extensive Soft Tissue Releases for Ambulatory Children with Complex Congenital Vertical Talus: A Technical Note

Ahmad Aly, Shady Mahmoud, Shady Samir, Tamer El-Sobky

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: Congenital Foot Deformities; Rigid Flatfoot; Congenital Convex Pes Valgus; Congenital Vertical Talus; Rocker-Bottom Foot; Resection Arthroplasty; Reverse Ponseti Technique

Online: 4 May 2021 (13:39:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0224.v2

Pseudopterosin Inhibits Proliferation and 3D Invasion in Triple Negative Breast Cancer by Agonizing Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha

Julia Sperlich, Nicole Teusch

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: pseudopterosin; triple negative breast cancer; glucocorticoid receptor alpha; dexamethasone; cell proliferation; 3D invasion; tumor spheroid; co-culture; interleukin 6; interleukin 8

Online: 2 August 2018 (06:08:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0391.v1

Alpha-glucosidase and Alpha-amylase Inhibitory Activities, Molecular Docking and Antioxidant Capacities of Salvia Aurita Constituents

Ninon G.E.R Etsassala, Jelili A. Badmus, Jeanine L. Marnewick, Felix Nchu, Ahmed A. Hussein

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; oxidative stress; alpha-glucosidase; alpha-amylase; Salvia aurita; abietane diterpenes

Online: 17 September 2020 (09:03:16 CEST)

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most dangerous metabolic diseases with high rate of mortality worldwide. It is well known that insulin resistance and deficiency in insulin production from pancreatic β-cells are the main characteristic of DM. Due to the detrimental side effects of the current treatment, there is a considerable need to develop new effective antidiabetic drugs, especially alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitors with lesser adverse effects. These inhibitors are known to be directly involved in the delay of carbohydrate digestion, resulting in a reduction of glucose absorption rate and consequently reduce the post-prandial raise of plasma glucose, which can reduce the risk of long-term diabetes complications. Hence, natural products are well-known sources for the discovery of new scaffold for drugs discovery, including new antidiabetic drugs. The phytochemical investigation of Salvia aurita collected from Hogobach pass, Eastern Cape, South Africa (SA), yielded four known abietane diterpenes namely carnosol (1), rosmanol (2), 7-methoxyrosmanol (3), 12-methoxycarnosic acid (4) and one flavonoid named 4,7-dimethylapigenin (5). Structural characterization of these isolated compounds was conducted using 1 and 2D NMR, in comparison with reported spectroscopic data. These compounds are reported for the first time from S. aurita. The biological evaluation of the isolated compound against alpha-glucosidase exhibited strong inhibitory activities for 3 and 2 with IC50 values of 4.2 ± 0.7 and 16.4 ± 1.1 µg/mL respectively, while 4 and 1 demonstrated strong alpha-amylase inhibitory activity amongst the isolated compounds with IC50 of 16.2 ± 0.3 and 19.8 ± 1.4 µg/mL. Molecular docking analysis confirms strong inhibitory activity of 3 against alpha-glucosidase. Additionally, excellent antioxidant capacities were displayed by 2, 1 and 3 respectively as ORAC (25789.9 ± 10.5; 23961.8 ± 14.1; 23939.3 ± 2.4) µM TE/g; 1 and 2 as FRAP (3917.8 ± 2.1; 1522.3 ± 0.9) µM AAE/g; 5 and 2 as TEAC (3190.4 ± 2.8; 2055.0 ± 2.6) µM TE/g. The methanolic extract of S. aurita is a rich source of abietane diterpenes with excellent antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities that can be useful to modulate oxidative stress, and might possibly be excellent candidates for the management of diabetes. This is the first scientific report on the phytochemical isolation and biological evaluation of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitory activities of Salvia aurita.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0107.v1

On Some Classes of Spirallike Functions Defined by the Salagean Operator

Mohammad Mehdi Shabani, Saeed Hashemi Sababe

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: analytic function; Hadamard product; Starlike function; Convex function; Subordination; Salagean differential operator

Online: 9 May 2019 (12:31:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0385.v1

mySORT: A Web Framework by using Deconvolution Approach to Estimating Immune Cell Composition from Complex Tissues

Shu-Hwa Chen, Bo-Yi Yu, Wen-Yu Kuo, Ya-Bo Lin, Sheng-Yao Su, I-Hsuan Lu, Chung-Yen Lin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Cancer; Immunotherapy; Deconvolution; Alpha diversity; Beta diversity; Precision medicine; Microenvironment; Single-cell RNA sequencing

Online: 13 November 2020 (14:18:40 CET)

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Cancer immunotherapy reaches a remarkable achievement in various cancer types and brings new possibilities to improve cancer patients’ long-term survival. However, outcomes vary from case to case, and the present protocol benefits a small fraction of patients. One notable factor is the tumor microenvironment, especially the immune cell components, that may reflect the immune response's status quo on site. Thus, understanding the content of infiltrating immune cells in tumors is not only for research interesting but also a crucial subject toward precision medicine. We implement an algorithm for resolving relative proportions of twenty-one immune cell subclasses from a human tissue profiled transcriptome by microarray technology to reach the goal above. By selecting gene features and then adopting ?-Support Vector Regression, we can construct a deconvolution model and resolve the immune cell context. The excellent consistency between the estimated values and the correct immune-cell composition further demonstrates this approach provides a more natural alternative to revealing samples' immune cell content and reliable results like recent single-cell technologies. Based on this algorithm, the web-based deconvolution tool implemented named mySORT provides a user-friendly interface for estimating the immune cell content by uploading gene expression profiling. We also present comprehensive visualization 2D/3D plots in mySORT so that users can easily make a comparison between different samples. Finally, we synthesized pseudo-bulk expression data from single-cell transcriptomic datasets of 17 melanoma and 16 head and neck cancer patients. The deconvolution results of microarray-based data in the previous study and synthetic pseudo-bulk data all proved the excellent performance of mySORT. We believe that mySORT can help researchers in all fields easily understand complex immune microenvironment. The website of mySORT is freely accessible on https://symbiosis.iis.sinica.edu.tw/mySORT/.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0743.v1

Applications of PERALS-Alpha Spectrometry for the Investigation of Radionuclides in Water Samples

Markus Raymond Zehringer, Franziska Kammerer, Anja Pregler

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: PERALS; alpha spectrometry; Polonium; Radon; Radium; Radiostrontium; Thorium; Uranium; Actinides

Online: 31 May 2021 (11:16:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0391.v1

Wheat ATI CM3, CM16 and 0.28 Allergens Produced in Pichia Pastoris Display a Different Eliciting Potential in Food Allergy to Wheat

Silvio Tundo, Roberta Lupi, Mickael Lafond, Thierry Giardina, Colette Larré, Sandra Denery-Papini, Martine Morisset, Raviraj Kalunke, Francesco Sestili, Stefania Masci

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: wheat; alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor; heterologous expression; Pichia pastoris; allergy

Online: 17 October 2018 (17:15:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0130.v1

Synthesis of novel Triazinoindole-Based-Thiourea Hybrid: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors and Their Molecular Docking Study

Muhammad Taha, Foziah J. Alshamrani, Fazal Rahim, Shawkat Hayat, Hayat Ullah, Khalid Zaman, Syahrul Imran

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Synthesis; triazinoindole; thiosemicarbazide; alpha-glucosidase; molecular docking study; SAR

Online: 13 September 2019 (10:54:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0301.v1

On the Characteristic Properties of Geodesic Sub-$ (\alpha,b,s )$-Preinvex

Wedad Saleh, Adem Kilicman

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Geometry And Topology Keywords: E-convex sets; preinvex; E-convex functions; geodesic; sub-preinvex; Riemannian manifolds; Hadamard manifolds.

Online: 27 October 2019 (10:41:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0283.v1

Geomorphology and Altitude Effects on Diversity and Structure of Vanishing Montane Forest of Southern Ecuador

Omar Cabrera, Angel Benítez, Nixon Cumbicus, Carlos Naranjo, Pablo Ramón, Fani Tinitana, Adrián Escudero

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: alpha diversity; beta diversity; floristic arrangement; geological landscapes; geomorphology; Ecuador; mountain forests

Online: 15 October 2018 (06:19:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0243.v1

Ostrowski Type Inequalities Pertaining Strongly Convex Functions Via Conformable Fractional Integrals and Their Applications

Artion Kashuri, Rozana Liko

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: Convex function, Ostrowski inequality, Holder's inequality, Power mean inequality, Conformable integrals, Midpoint formula

Online: 26 February 2019 (13:10:40 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0334.v1

The Role of Alpha-Synuclein And Other Parkinson’s Genes in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders

C. Alejandra Morato Torres, Zinah Wassouf, Faria Zafar, Danuta Sastre, Tiago Fleming Outeiro, Birgitt Schüle

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: alpha-synuclein; SNCA; PARK2; 22q11.2 deletion syndrome; autism spectrum disorders; neuronal development; Parkinson’s disease; neurodegeneration; synaptic dysfunction

Online: 15 July 2020 (11:36:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0687.v1

On the Hermite-Hadamard-Mercer Type Inequalities for generalized Proportional Fractional Integrals

Seda KILINÇ YILDIRIM, Hüseyin Yıldırım

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: convex function; Hermite Hadamard inequalities; Jensen inequalities; Jensen-Mercer ·inequality; fractional integrals; fractional proportional integrals; fractional integral inequalities

Online: 28 December 2020 (11:23:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0206.v1

Operator Jensen's Inequality for Operator Superquadratic Functions

Mohammad W. Alomari

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: operator supequadratic; operator convex; selfadjoint; Jensen inequality

Online: 16 December 2019 (06:16:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0052.v1

SerThr-PhosphoProteome of Brain from Aged PINK1-KO+A53T-SNCA Mice Reveals pT1928-MAP1B and pS3781-ANK2 Deficits, as Hub between Autophagy and Synapse Changes

Georg Auburger, Suzana Gispert, Sylvia Torres-Odio, Marina Jendrach, Nadine Brehm, Júlia Canet-Pons, Jana Key, Nesli-Ece Sen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Parkinson's disease; brain phosphorylome; PINK1, alpha-synuclein; microtubular cytoskeleton; autophagy; synaptic signaling

Online: 7 June 2019 (03:21:19 CEST)

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Hereditary Parkinson’s disease (PD) can be triggered by an autosomal dominant overdose of alpha-Synuclein (SNCA) as stressor or the autosomal recessive deficiency of PINK1 Serine/Threonine-phosphorylation activity as stress-response. We demonstrated the combination of PINK1-knockout with overexpression of SNCAA53T in double mutant (DM) mice to exacerbate locomotor deficits and to reduce lifespan. To survey posttranslational modifications of proteins underlying the pathology, brain hemispheres of old DM mice underwent quantitative label-free global proteomic mass spectrometry, focused on Ser/Thr-phosphorylations. As exceptionally strong effect, we detected >300-fold reductions of phosphoThr1928 in MAP1B, a microtubule-associated protein, and a similar reduction of phosphoSer3781 in ANK2, an interactor of microtubules. MAP1B depletion is known to trigger perturbations of microtubular mitochondria trafficking, neurite extension and synaptic function, so it was noteworthy that relevantly decreased phosphorylation was detected also for other microtubule and microfilament factors, namely MAP2S1801, MARK1S394, MAP1AT1794, KIF1AS1537, 4.1NS541, 4.1GS86 and ADD2S528. While the MAP1B heavy chain supports regeneration and growth cones, its light-chain assists DAPK1-mediated autophagy. Interestingly, relevant phosphorylation decreases of DAPK2S299, VPS13DS2429 and VPS13CS2480 in the DM brain affected regulators of autophagy, which are implicated in PD. Overall, significant downregulations were enriched for PFAM C2 domains, other kinases, and synaptic transmission factors upon automated bioinformatics, while upregulations were not enriched for selective motifs or pathways. Validation experiments confirmed the change of LC3 processing as reflection of excessive autophagy in DM brain, and dependence of ANK2/MAP1B expression on PINK1 levels. Our new data provide independent confirmation in a mouse model with combined PARK1/PARK4/PARK6 pathology that MAP1B/ANK2 phosphorylation events are implicated in Parkinsonian neurodegeneration. These findings expand on previous observations in D. melanogaster that the MAP1B ortholog futsch in the presynapse is a primary target of the PARK8 protein LRRK2, and on a report that MAP1B is a component of the pathological Lewy body aggregates in PD patient brains. Similarly, ANK2 gene locus variants are associated with the risk of PD, ANK2 interacts with PINK1/Parkin-target proteins such as MIRO1 or ATP1A2, and ANK2-derived peptides are potent inhibitors of autophagy.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0133.v1

Fluid and Tissue Biomarkers of Lewy Body Dementia: Report of an LBDA Symposium

Gregory D. Scott, Moriah R. Arnold, Thomas G. Beach, Christopher H. Gibbons, Anumantha G. Kanthasamy, Russell M. Lebovitz, Afina W. Lemstra, Leslie M. Shaw, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Henrik Zetterberg, Angela S. Taylor, Todd C. Graham, Bradley F. Boeve, Stephen N. Gomperts, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Charbel E.-H. Moussa, Kathleen L. Poston, Liana S. Rosenthal, Marwan N. Sabbagh, Ryan R. Walsh, Miriam T. Weber, Melissa J. Armstrong, Jee A. Bang, Andrea C. Bozoki, Kimiko Domoto-Reilly, John E. Duda, Jori E. Fleisher, Douglas R. Galasko, James E. Galvin, Jennifer G. Goldman, Samantha K. Holden, Lawrence S. Honig, Daniel E. Huddleston, James B. Leverenz, Irene Litvan, Carol A. Manning, Karen S. Marder, Alexander Y. Pantelyat, Victoria S. Pelak, Douglas W. Scharre, Sharon J. Sha, Holly A. Shill, Mari Zoltan, Joseph F. Quinn, David J. Irwin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: cerebrospinal fluid; alpha-synuclein; skin biopsy; seeded aggregation assays; tau, amyloid; Lewy body dementia

Online: 7 September 2021 (16:26:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0116.v1

Reverses of Féjer's Inequalities for Convex Functions

Silvestru Sever Dragomir

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: convex functions; Integral inequalities; Hermite-Hadamard inequality; Féjer's inequalities

Online: 11 September 2019 (05:22:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0118.v1

Generalized Preinvex Functions and Their Applications

Wedad Saleh, Adem Kilicman

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: Geodesic E-convex sets; Geodesic E-convex functions; Riemannian manifolds

Online: 6 September 2018 (14:37:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0212.v1

Approximation of Fixed Points for Suzuki's Generalized Non-Expansive Mappings

Javid Ali, Faeem Ali, Puneet Kumar

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Suzuki's generalized non-expansive mappings; iterative schemes; fixed points; weak and strong convergence results; uniformly convex Banach spaces

Online: 16 May 2019 (10:54:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0374.v1

Elucidating Binding Sites and Affinities of ERα Agonist and Antagonist to Human Alpha-Fetoprotein by in silico Modeling and Point Mutagenesis

Nurbubu T. Moldogazieva, Daria S. Ostroverkhova, Nikolai N. Kuzmich, Vladimir V. Kadochnikov, Alexander A. Terentiev, Yuri B. Porozov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: alpha-fetoprotein; estrogens; selective estrogen receptor modulators; homology-based modeling; molecular docking; protein-ligand interaction; amino acid substitutions

Online: 29 December 2019 (08:08:23 CET)

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Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a major embryo- and tumor-associated protein capable of binding and transporting variety of hydrophobic ligands including estrogens. AFP has been shown to inhibit estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumor growth and this can be attributed to its estrogen-binding ability. Despite AFP has long been investigated, its three-dimensional (3D) structure has not been experimentally resolved and molecular mechanisms underlying AFP-ligand interaction remain obscure. In our study we constructed homology-based 3D model of human AFP (HAFP) with the purpose to perform docking of ERα ligands, three agonists (17β-estradiol, estrone and diethylstilbestrol) and three antagonists (tamoxifen, afimoxifene and endoxifen) into the obtained structure. Based on ligand docked scoring function, we identified three putative estrogen- and antiestrogen-binding sites with different ligand binding affinities. Two high-affinity sites were located in (i) a tunnel formed within HAFP subdomains IB and IIA and (ii) opposite side of the molecule in a groove originating from cavity formed between domains I and III, while (iii) the third low-affinity site was found at the bottom of the cavity. 100 ns MD simulation allowed studying their geometries and showed that HAFP-estrogen interactions occur due to van der Waals forces, while both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were almost equally involved in HAFP-antiestrogen binding. MM/GBSA rescoring method estimated binding free energies (ΔG_bind) and showed that antiestrogens have higher affinities to HAFP as compared to estrogens. We performed in silico point substitutions of amino acid residues to confirm their roles in HAFP-ligand interactions and showed that Thr132, Leu138, His170, Phe172, Ser217, Gln221, His266, His316, Lys453, and Asp478 residues along two disulfide bonds, Cys224-Cys270 and Cys269-Cys277 have key roles in both HAFP-estrogen and HAFP-antiestrogen binding. Data obtained in our study contribute to understanding mechanisms underlying protein-ligand interactions and anti-cancer therapy strategies based on ER-binding ligands.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0185.v1

Antibody Dependent Enhancement (ADE) of Infection into Macrophages Validates the Importance of HERV-K102 Particle Production for Pandemic Preparedness

Marian Laderoute

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: ADE, HERV-K102, HERV-K HML-2, immunosenescence, foamy macrophages, virus-anti-virus, pandemic preparedness, mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, alpha-fetoprotein antagonists, virus strategies, anti-viral, trained (innate) immunity

Online: 4 December 2023 (10:53:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0137.v1

Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Concentrations in Dust Fraction of Urban Surface Deposited Sediment in Russian Cities

Mohamed Y. Hanfi, Andrian A. Seleznev, Ilia Yarmoshenko

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: urban surface deposited sediments (USDS); gross alpha activity (GA); gross beta activity (GB); dust

Online: 5 April 2021 (13:00:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0295.v1

Suppression of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 Alpha by Long-Term Infection of Hepatitis B Virus Contributes to Tumor Cell Proliferation

Soree Park, Yea Na Ha, Mehrangiz Dezhbord, Ah Ram Lee, Eun-Sook Park, Yong Kwang Park, Juhee Won, Na Yeon Kim, Soo Yeun Choo, Jae Jin Shin, Chang Hyun Ahn, Kyun-Hwan Kim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Hepatitis B virus; hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha; long-term infection; ERK signaling pathway

Online: 25 January 2020 (15:25:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0177.v1

Forest Diversity and Structure in the Amazonian Mountains Ranges of Southeastern Ecuador

Wilson Quizhpe, Angel Benítez, Jesus Muñoz, Klever Cuenca, Hernán Uvidia, Isau Huamantupa, Omar Cabrera

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: alpha diversity; canonical correspondence; NMDS; Sandstones Forests; Terra firme Forests

Online: 17 September 2019 (03:48:02 CEST)

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1) Background: We analyzed the size structure, richness and diversity in eight permanent forest plots in the upper limit of the great Amazon basin located in the Ecuadorian parts of Cordilleras del Cóndor and Cutucú. Our hypothesis was that not all the forests of the eastern mountain ranges are homogeneous in characteristics, but rather present differences in their structure, richness and floristic diversity. In order to test this, our main objective was to classify the types of forests based on characteristics in diametric structure and species composition of the Amazonian forests of the eastern cordilleras in southern Ecuador, and also to determine the influence of critical edaphic-environmental and geomorphological factors. 2) Methods: Eight one-hectare permanent plots were installed in homogeneous and well-conserved forest stands. Four plots were located in the province of Zamora Chinchipe and four in the province of Morona Santiago. We identified and measured all trees> 10 cm at diameter breast height. For each plot, soil samples were taken, along with environmental and slope data. The multidimensional non-metric adjusted scaling (NMDS) was used to evaluate changes in climatic and geomorphological gradients. The relationship between the composition of the species at the plot level and the edaphoclimatic variables was tested using a canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Finally, we modeled the change in species diversity (Fisher's alpha) in relation to the climatic gradients, altitudinal and geomorphological using a GLMM. 3) Results: Overall, we identified 517 species belonging to 76 families. We determined the existence of two different types of forest, the first one named Terra Firme, characterized by the presence of a larger number of species and individuals per plot, compared to the second type of forest, called Tepuy or Sandstones forest. Species richness was negatively correlated with soil phosphorus content and pH, mean annual temperature, annual precipitation and altitude. The CCA analysis showed differences in the species composition between the Terra Firme and Sandstone forests. The climatic seasonality and the concentration of cations in the soil influence the diversity of the Amazon forest communities of the southeastern cordilleras. The forests of Terra Firme, which are settled in more stable and nutrient-rich climatic areas, were more diverse. Sandstone forests are poor in nutrients and develop in areas with stronger seasonality

Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0209.v1

Paths for Improving Bevacizumab Available in 2018: The ADZT Regimen for Better Glioblastoma Treatment

Richard Kast

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: ADZT regimen; apremilast; bevacizumab; cAMP; dapsone; glioblastoma; telmisartan; TNF-alpha; zonisamide

Online: 12 September 2018 (03:54:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0203.v1

The Nonlinear Analysis Related to Schauder Fixed Points, Best Approximation, Birkhoff-Kellogg Problems and Principle of Leray-Schauder Alternatives in p-Vector Spaces

George X. Yuan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: nonlinear analysis; best approximation; Birkhoff-Kellogg theorem; schauder conjecture; fixed point theorem; nonlinear alternative; Leray-Schauder alternative; p-convex; p-inward and p-outward set; p-vector space

Online: 21 April 2022 (10:22:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0040.v1

New Conformable Fractional Integral Inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard Type for Convex Functions

Pshtiwan Mohammed, Sever Dragomir

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: Convex function; Integral inequalities; Hermite-Hadamard inequality; Conformable fractional integrals

Online: 4 February 2019 (16:38:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0251.v1

Influence of Different Light Regimes on the Mycoparasitic Activity and the Production of the Secondary Metabolite 6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone in Two Strains of Trichoderma Atroviride

Dubraska Moreno-Ruiz, Alessandro Fuchs, Kristina Missbach, Rainer Schuhmacher, Susanne Zeilinger

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Trichoderma atroviride; mycoparasitism; secondary metabolites; 6-pentyl-alpha-pyrone; Tmk3 MAP kinase; light; dark

Online: 11 September 2020 (08:49:15 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0383.v2

Pioneering Organelle Structural Biology: Golgi Apparatus Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, and Cancer

Daniel Gómez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: structural biology; organelles; Golgi Apparatus (GA); Parkinson’s disease (PD); cryo-ET; alpha-synuclein; neurodegenerative diseases; soft X-ray tomography (SXT); cancer; NDDs

Online: 5 December 2022 (02:27:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0274.v1

α-amylase Inhibition Activity of Phytoconstituents Present in the Roots Of Cyclea peltata-An in-silico and in-vitro Investigation

Gandhimathi R., Binoy Varghese Cheriyan, Deevan Paul A., Saravanakumar A., Lakshmanan G.

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Cyclea peltata; Diabetes Mellitus; Docking; Schrodinger; Alpha amylase; Inhibition

Online: 20 June 2022 (14:33:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0016.v1

Life Cycle Modeling of Structural Defects via Computational Geometry and Time Series Forecasting

Sara Mohamadi, David Lattanzi

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Remote sensing; Photogrammetry; Life cycle modeling; Time series forecasting; Structural damage; Stochastic modeling; Convex Hull; ARIMA; VAR; Fatigue crack prediction

Online: 1 July 2019 (12:23:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0171.v1

Bioactive Flavonoids from the Stem Bark of Cordia dichotoma Forst.: Identification, Docking and ADMET Studies

Nazim Hussain, Bibhuti Bhushan Kakoti, Mithun Rudrapal, Khomendra Kumar Sarwa, Ismail Celik, Emmanuel Ifeanyi Attah, Shubham Jagadish Khairnar, Soumya Bhattacharya, Ranjan Kumar Sahoo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: C. dichotoma; Flavonoids; Antidiabetic; alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase, Docking; ADMET

Online: 10 May 2021 (11:02:24 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0606.v2

Role of a-Synuclein in Cell Biology: A Hypothesis and its Implications in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Renu Minda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; alpha-synuclein; Lewy bodies; phase transition; thermodynamics; and mitochondria

Online: 10 January 2022 (12:23:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0472.v1

Potential of Entomopathogenic Nematodes versus Alpha-cypermethrin Against Potato Tuber Moth, Phthorimaea operculella Zeller 1873 (Lep.: Gelechiidae) in Storage Conditions

Laleh Ebrahimi, Aziz Sheikhigarjan, Mehran Ghazavi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: EPNs; PTM; biological control; potato tuber; efficacy; alpha-cypermethrin

Online: 22 February 2021 (13:19:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0453.v1

Detection of Novel Biomarkers in Saliva of Rheumatoid Arthritis Model Mice by Proteomics and Pathological Analysis

Wakako Sakaguchi, Juri Saruta, Shinya Fuchida, Yuko Yamamoto, Masahiro To, Tomoko Shimizu, Mayumi Yakeishi, Keiichi Tsukinoki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA); alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT); DBA/1JJmsSlc mice Proteome analysis; rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Online: 28 December 2021 (14:44:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0310.v1

Analysis and Research on the Node Space of Ancient Villages Based on Space Syntax

Yile Chen, Junzhang Chen

Subject: Social Sciences, Anthropology Keywords: Ancient villages; historical locations; node space; convex space method, field of view analysis method, Baidu time machine; parameters

Online: 13 July 2021 (14:16:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0272.v1

Generalized Integral Inequalities for Hermite-Hadamard Type via s-Convexity on Fractal Sets

Ohud Almutairi, Adem Kilicman

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: s-convex function; hermite–hadamard inequalities; riemann-liouville fractional integrals; fractal space

Online: 24 September 2019 (12:07:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0161.v1

New Generalized the Hermite-Hadamard Inequality and Related Integral Inequalities Involving Katugampola Type Fractional Integrals

Ohud Almutairi, Adem Kılıçman

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Convex function; generalized convex function; Hermite–Hadamard inequality; Katugampola fractional integral

Online: 12 February 2020 (12:38:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0157.v1

Generalized Integral Inequalities for Hermite-Hadamard Type via s-Convexity on Fractal Sets

Ohud Almutairi, Adem Kilicman

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: s-convex function; Hermite–Hadamard inequalities; Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals; fractal space

Online: 14 November 2019 (10:52:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0280.v1

Analysis of the Structural Protein Effects Caused by the PURA p.Phe233del Mutation Associated to Cognitive Developmental Delay Using Artificial Intelligence and Hybrid Quantum Mechanics-Molecular Mechanics Modelling

Juan Javier Lopez-Rivera, Luna Rodríguez-Salazar, Alejandro Soto-Ospina, Carlos Estrada-Serrato, David Serrano, Henry Mauricio Chaparro-Solano, Olga Londoño, Paula A. Rueda, Geraldine Ardila, Andrés Villegas-Lanau, Marcela Godoy-Corredor, Mauricio Cuartas, Jorge I. Vélez, Oscar M. Vidal, Mario A. Isaza-Ruget, Mauricio Arcos-Burgos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: purine-rich element binding protein A gene; PURA; MIM: 600473; transcriptional activator protein Pur-alpha; cognitive developmental delay; mental retardation; Mutation c.697_699del p.Phe233del

Online: 20 May 2022 (16:58:04 CEST)

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A whole-exome capture and next-generation sequencing applied to an 11 y/o patient with a clinical history of congenital hypotonia, generalized motor and cognitive neurodevelopmental delay, severe cognitive deficit, without any identifiable Syndromic pattern, and to her parents, disclosed a de novo heterozygous pathogenic mutation, c.697_699del p.Phe233del (rs786204835)(ACMG classification PS2, PM1, PM2, PP5), harbored in the PURA gene (MIM*600473) (5q31.3), associated to Autosomal Dominant Mental Retardation 31 (MIM # 616158). We used the significant improvement in the accuracy of protein structure prediction recently implemented in AlphaFold that incorporates novel neural network architectures and training procedures based on the evolutionary, physical, and geometric constraints of protein structures. The wild-type (WT) sequence and the mutated one, missing the Phe233, were reconstructed. The predicted local Distance Difference Test (lDDT) for the PURA WT and the PURA-Phe233del showed that the occurrence of the Phe233del affects between 220-320 amino acids. The distortion in the PURA structural confor-mation in the ~5Å surrounding area after the p.Phe233del produces a conspicuous disruption of the repeat III, where the DNA and RNA helix unwinding capability occurs. PURA Protein-DNA Docking corroborated these results in silico Analysis that showed a loss of the contact of the PURA-Phe233del III repeat domain model with the DNA. Together, i) the energetic and stereochemical, ii) the hydropathic indices and polarity surfaces, and iii) the hybrid Quantum Mechanics-Molecular Mechanics (QM-MM) analyses of the PURA molecular models demarcate at the atomic resolution the specific surrounding region affected by these mutations and paves the way for future cell-based functional analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a de novo mutation underpinning a PURA syndrome in a Latin American patient and highlights the importance of predicting the molecular effects in protein structure using artificial intelligence algorithms and molecular and atomic resolution stereochemical analyses.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0256.v1

Salim Miloudi, Yulin Wang, Wenjia Ding

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: Multi-database Mining; Graph Clustering; Coordinate Descent; Convex Optimization; Similarity Measure; Binary Entropy Loss; Fuzziness Index

Online: 9 April 2021 (10:20:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0061.v1

Epigenetics and Dysfunctional Energy Factors of Neurodegenerative Disease with Therapeutic Potential of H₂O₂ as Neuroprotective Agent

Sri Widyarti, Syahputra Wibowo, Akhmad Sabarudin, Intan Abhirama, Sutiman Bambang Sumitro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: alpha-synuclein; energy; H2O2; mitochondria; neurodegenerative disease

Online: 2 August 2022 (10:13:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0123.v1

A Self-Emulsified Adjuvant System Containing Alpha-Tocopherol Induced Higher Neutralizing Antibody Responses than a Squalene Only Emulsion Against a Recombinant Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Pentamer Antigen

Rushit N Lodaya, Amey P Kanitkar, Asma Ashraf, Douty Bamba, Mansoor M. Amiji, Derek T. O'Hagan

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Adjuvants; emulsions; self-emulsification; alpha-tocopherol

Online: 7 November 2022 (12:18:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0197.v1

Alpha-Synuclein at the Interface between Depression, Parkinson’s Disease and Dementia: Evidence from Epidemiology, Population Genetics and Gene-Environment Interactions

Ravi Philip Rajkumar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: alpha-synuclein; SNCA; major depression; dysthymia; Parkinson’s disease; dementia; neurodegeneration; gene-environment interaction; PM2.5; pesticides

Online: 14 September 2022 (08:38:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0100.v1

From Minor Mutant to Dominance, the Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Thomas Caspari

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: omicron; alpha; delta; deltacron; recombination; RNA editing; intra-host variants; tropisms; ox-idative damage; Wuhan

Online: 6 July 2022 (15:27:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0428.v1

On the Fourth Coefficient of the Inverse of a Starlike Function of Positive Order

Toshiyuki Sugawa, Li-Mei Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: starlike function of order $\alpha$; inverse function; coefficient estimates

Online: 16 November 2020 (15:08:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0202.v1

Behavioural and Neurophysiological Assessment of Hearing Aid Benefits in an Adult Population with and without Hearing Loss

Shivali Appaiah-Konganda, Mridula Sharma, Ronny Ibrahim, Jessica J. M. Monaghan, John Newall, Joaquin Tomas Valderrama Valenzuela

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Alpha synchronisation; Working memory; Auditory processing; Modulation detection threshold

Online: 12 January 2023 (01:48:00 CET)

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Background: Despite hearing aids adequately compensate for hearing loss, a substantial proportion of the population leave their hearing difficulties untreated. Even though this is a well-known clinical issue, the optimal approach to address this issue during the hearing rehabilitation process is still unclear. Purpose: The present study aims to characterise behavioural and neurophysiological auditory and cognitive processing skills in experienced hearing aid users versus those with normal hearing, aimed at providing clinicians with the evidence required to adequately manage the expectations of their clients, thus indirectly reinforcing hearing-aid adoption within the adult population with hearing loss. Research design: Behavioural tests included auditory, cognitive, and speech-in-noise tasks; and neurophysiological testing included cortical auditory evoked potentials evoked by a /da/ stimulus presented at 65 dB SPL. The tests were selected based on previous literature supporting specific speech-understanding skills. Study sample: Ten participants (7 female, 21—68 years) with bilateral, mild-moderate to moderately-severe sensorineural hearing loss (HL), and 10 with clinically normal hearing (NH, 8 female, 19—62 years) participated in the study. Data collection and analysis: Behavioural data was analysed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and neurophysiological analysis used measurements such as independent t-test, time-frequency analysis and inter-trial phase coherence. Results: The NH and HL groups presented similar scores in all the behavioural tasks. Time-frequency analysis revealed a statistically significantly reduction in alpha (8–12 Hz) synchronisation at the centro-frontal electrodes in the HL group – a brain activity pattern that has been associated with listening effort, inhibition and selective attention. Conclusions and significance: Results support the conclusion that hearing aids are effective in compensating for the audibility of their users, enabling them to perform at similar levels than their normal-hearing peers. However, the reduced alpha synchronisation observed in the HL population indicates that adequate audibility does not extend to improved neural responses. Future studies need to investigate the induced activity in speech understanding paradigms to explore the auditory processing differences at cortical level. The results are only from a small sample size but the findings have the potential to support clinicians in managing adequately the expectations of their clients in regards the benefits of hearing aid technologies.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0149.v1

Transcript Variants of Genes Involved in Neurodegeneration Are Differentially Regulated by the Apoe and Mapt Haplotypes

Sulev Koks, Abigail Pfaff, Vivien Bubb, John Quinn

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE); microtubule associated protein (MAPT); synuclein alpha (SNCA); eQTL; TOMM40; KANSL1; mitochondria; Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI)

Online: 8 January 2021 (11:45:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0038.v1

No-Arbitrage Principle in Conic Finance

Mehdi Vazifedan, Qiji Jim Zhu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: Conic Finance; Convex Optimization; Arbitrage Pricing

Online: 3 May 2020 (08:39:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0170.v1

Assessment of NF-κB Inhibitor (SN50) Effect on Adipose Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Angiotensinogen Secretion and Expression

Nasser M. Al-Dagheri, Assim A. Alfadda, Reem M. Sallam, Philip G. McTernan, Lotfi S. Bin Dahman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes; angiotensinogen; nuclear factor-kappa B; lipopolysaccharide; tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Online: 6 April 2021 (11:28:00 CEST)

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Central adiposity is one of the significant determinants of obesity-related hypertension risk, which may arise due to the abdominal fat depot's pathogenic inflammatory nature. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines up-regulation through nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation in adipose tissue has been considered an essential function in the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertension. This study aimed to ascertain the NF-κB inhibitor (SN50) effect on TNF-α and angiotensinogen (AGT) secretion and expression in mediating the anti-inflammatory effect through its impact on NF-κB activity in humans adipose tissue. Primary human adipocytes were isolated from 20 subjects among 10 overweight and 10 obese with and without hypertension and treated with 10ng/ml LPS in the presence and absence of NF-κB inhibitor, SN50 (50μg/ml). TNF-α secretion and NF-κB p65 activity were detected in supernatants extracted from cultured cells treated and untreated with LPS (10ng/ml) and SN50 (50μg/ml) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The western blot technique detected the protein of NF-κB p65 and AGT. Gene expression of TNF-α and AGT was detected in cells and performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Treatment of AbdSc adipocytes with LPS (10ng/ml) caused a significant increase in NF-κB p65 among overweight and obese subjects with and without hypertension (P= 0.001) at 24 hours incubation. In contrast, SN50-NF-κB inhibitor causes a reduction of NF-κB p65 in overweight (P= <0.001) and obese subjects with and without hypertension (P= 0.001) at 24 hours incubation. Treatment of AbdSc adipocytes with 10ng/ml LPS caused a significant increase in TNF-α secretion in overweight and obese subjects at all-time points (P= <0.001), whereas SN50 leads to a decrease in TNF-α secretion at 3 and 12 hours incubation. Treatment of AbdSc adipocytes with LPS (10ng/ml) caused increased TNF-α and AGT gene expression twofold compared with untreated cells, whereas, in the presence of SN50, it reduces mRNA AGT levels in both groups. Taken together, these adipokines with NF-κB activation may represent essential biomarkers to evaluate hypertension risk and to provide insight into the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertension.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0308.v1

Effects of Different Feeding Patterns on the Rumen Bacterial Community of Tan Lambs, based on High-Throughput Sequencing of 16S rDNA Amplicons

Lili Zhang, Yanliang Bi, Jie Zhang, Zilin Fu, Xiaofeng Xu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Alpha diversity; Beta diversity; Mutton quality; Pasture-fed; Pen-fed; Tan lambs

Online: 13 April 2023 (08:01:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0239.v1

Fundamental Constants in Time from the Big-Bang

Heikki Sipilä, Ari Lehto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Fine structure constant; period doubling; alpha; natural constants

Online: 11 July 2020 (10:23:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0002.v1

The Catecholaldehyde Hypothesis for the Pathogenesis of Catecholaminergic Neurodegeneration: What We Know and What We Don’t Know

David S Goldstein

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Catecholaldehyde; DOPAL; Autotoxicity; Monoamine Oxidase; Dopamine; Alpha-Synuclein

Online: 3 May 2021 (09:08:57 CEST)

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3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) is the focus of the catecholaldehyde hypothesis for the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease and other Lewy body diseases. The catecholaldehyde is produced via oxidative deamination catalyzed by monoamine oxidase (MAO) acting on cytoplasmic dopamine. DOPAL is autotoxic, in that it can harm the same cells in which it is produced. Normally DOPAL is detoxified by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-mediated conversion to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), which rapidly exits the neurons. Genetic, environmental, or drug-induced manipulations of ALDH that build up DOPAL promote catecholaminergic neurodegeneration. A concept derived from the catecholaldehyde hypothesis imputes deleterious interactions between DOPAL and the protein alpha-synuclein (S), a major component of Lewy bodies. DOPAL potently oligomerizes S, and S oligomers impede vesicular and mitochondrial functions, shifting the fate of cytoplasmic dopamine toward MAO-catalyzed formation of DOPAL—destabilizing vicious cycles. Direct and indirect effects of DOPAL and of DOPAL-induced misfolded proteins could “freeze” intra-neuronal reactions, plasticity of which is required for neuronal homeostasis. The extent to which DOPAL toxicity is mediated by interactions with S, and vice versa, are poorly understood. Because of numerous secondary effects such as augmented spontaneous oxidation of dopamine by MAO inhibition, there has been insufficient testing of the catecholaldehyde hypothesis in animal models. The clinical pathophysiological significance of genetics, emotional stress, environmental agents, and interactions with numerous proteins relevant to the catecholaldehyde hypothesis are matters for future research. The imposing complexity of intra-neuronal catecholamine metabolism seems to require a computational modeling approach to elucidate clinical pathogenetic mechanisms and devise pathophysiology-based, individualized treatments.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0053.v1

Deciding on Optical Illusions: Reduced Alpha Power in Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Anastasios E. Giannopoulos, Ioanna Zioga, Konstantinos Kontoangelos, Panos Papageorgiou, Fotini Kapsali, Christos Ν. Capsalis, Charalabos Papageorgiou

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: body dysmorphic disorder; EEG; optical illusions; alpha oscillations

Online: 6 January 2022 (09:44:14 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0117.v1

The α-Lipoic Acid Improves Hepatic Metabolic Dysfunctions in Acute Intermittent Porphyria: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Miriam Longo, Erika Paolini, Marica Meroni, Lorena Duca, Irene Motta, Anna L. Fracanzani, Elena Di Pierro, Paola Dongiovanni

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: AIP; PBGD; glucose metabolism; mitobiogenesis; alpha-lipoic acid

Online: 4 August 2021 (14:45:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2115.v1

Initial Coefficients Bounds for Bi-univalent Functions Related to Gregory Coefficients

Gangadharan Murugusundaramoorthy, Kaliappan Vijaya, Teodor Bulboaca

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: univalent functions; bi-univalent functions; starlike and convex functions of some order; subordination; Fekete-Szeg\H{o} problem

Online: 30 May 2023 (10:38:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0448.v1

COVID-19 Pathology Sheds New Light on Balance between Neutrophil Proteases and Their Inhibitors

Marko Radic, Vasuki Vindiya Silva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT); neutrophil elastase (NE); NETosis, PAD4, ARDS, COPD; neutrophils; COVID-19; TMPRSS2.

Online: 24 November 2022 (02:50:25 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

The Optimal Tax Model

Valeriia Bondarenko

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Optimal income taxation; Tax progressivity; non-linear tax, quality criterion, approximation of a convex function.

Online: 13 November 2020 (08:22:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0184.v1

Amyloid Precursor Protein, Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-Secretases Expression in Penumbra Cells after Photothrombotic Stroke. Evaluation of the Neuroprotective Effect of Secretase Inhibitors

Svetlana Sharifulina, Valeria Guzenko, Alexandr Logvinov, Andrey Khaitin, Yuliya Kalyuzhnaya, Natalia Dobaeva, Yan Li, Lei Chen, Вin He, Svetlana Demyanenko

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: amyloid precursor protein; photothrombotic stroke; ischemia; alpha-secretase; beta-secretase; gamma-secretase

Online: 13 May 2022 (08:39:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1881.v2

Long Covid, the Gut, and Autoimmune Skin Diseases: A Novel Therapeutic Approach

Patrick W. Chambers, Shae E. Chambers

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: IFN-γ ; γ δ T cells; microbiome; d-mannose; TNF-α

Online: 28 December 2023 (14:34:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0526.v1

Effect of α-Hemolysin Producing E. coli in Two Different Mouse Strains in a DSS Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Hengameh Chloé Mirsepasi-Lauridsen, Carsten Struve, Andreas Munk Petersen, Karen Angeliki Krogfelt

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: inflammatory-bowel-disease; Sigirr -/- mice; C57BL/6-mice; Escherichia coli; alpha hemolysin

Online: 20 November 2020 (09:14:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0435.v1

Disease-Specific α-Synuclein Seeding and Structural Properties in Lewy Body Disease and Multiple System Atrophy are Preserved in Formaldehyde-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Human Brain

Ain Kim, Ivan Martinez-Valbuena, Jun Li, Anthony E. Lang, Gabor Geza Kovacs

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: alpha-synuclein; protein extraction; FFPE; SAA; seeding behavior

Online: 27 March 2023 (03:23:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0413.v2

Total Face Irregularity Strength of Type (Alpha, Beta, Gamma) of Grid Graphs

Abdul Aleem Mughal, Raja Noshad Jamil

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: Total Face labeling of type (Alpha, Beta, Gamma); Total face irregularity strength; artesian product of path graphs; Graph Labeling; Graph theory

Online: 21 April 2021 (12:46:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1457.v1

In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of Alpha-Amylase Inhibitory Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Adhatoda vasica Leaves

Chandrajeet Kumar Yadav, Sandhya KC, Shankar Thapa, Kamal Kandel, Laxmi Shrestha, Anjan Palikhey, Ashish Lamsal

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Anti-diabetic; Alpha amylase; Adhatoda vasica; Molecular docking

Online: 21 July 2023 (10:09:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0117.v1

HIF-alpha Activation Impacts Macrophage Function During Murine Leishmania major Infection

Manjunath Bettadapura, Hayden Roys, Anne Bowlin, Gopinath Venugopal, Charity L. Washam, Lucy Fry, Steven Murdock, Humphrey Wanjala, Stephanie D. Byrum, and Tiffany Weinkopff

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Leishmania; leishmaniasis; macrophages; HIF-alpha

Online: 7 October 2021 (11:00:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0522.v1

A Tiny Viral Protein, SARS-CoV-2-ORF7b: Structural Features.

Giovanni Colonna

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: ORF7b; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 3D-structure; molecular dynamics; dipole vector; Electrostatic properties of alpha-helix.

Online: 18 April 2023 (11:14:01 CEST)

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ORF7b-2 is an accessory protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus of only 43 amino acids. It has been implicated in various functional hypotheses, some of which predict its involvement as a trans-membrane protein. In this study, ORF7b-2 has often been compared to ORF7b-1 of the SARS virus to highlight differences and similarities with a protein that should have a similar biological role. Structural analysis of ORF7b-2 and its electrostatic characteristics show a polypeptide with both ends negatively charged and a diffuse negative charge over the entire structure. Therefore, its behavior in solution is like that of a weak negative polyelectrolyte, more precisely a polyanion with a net charge of – 4 at neutral pH. Its structure was modeled with two different modeling systems, one of which was ab initio. The two best models are similar, as confirmed by the Ramachandran plot, and show a central alpha-helical structure with two disordered and mobile ends. A normal mode analysis characterized the low-frequency dynamic aspects of the protein. The analysis of the structural shows a rigid central segment with mobile and fluctuating extremities, involved in a conformational equilibrium of the helix ↔ coil type. The calculation of the dipole moment shows its vector is not aligned with the main axis of the structure with an outward tilt of 24°. Molecular dynamics simulations were also conducted and the one in water is in good agreement with the previous results. While, the simulation performed by inserting a pre-oriented dimer (OMP) into a solvated lipid showed the low tendency of the protein to solvate in the apolar environment of the membrane. ORF7b-2 also shows a widespread distribution of negative surfaces that dynamically adjust to changes in structural organization. The BioGrid platform's [Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets] through the BioGrid COVID-19 Coronavirus Curation Project shows a very large number of experimentally proven physical interactions unique to ORF7b-2, some of them with cytoplasmic proteins. These features of ORF7b-2, evaluated together, suggest a remarkable propensity of ORF7b-2 to interact with multiple molecular partners on both an electrostatic and hydrophobic basis. All this makes it unreasonable that the only biological function of this protein should be that exerted as an intramembrane protein.

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