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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0194.v1

Protective Effects of Oenothera Biennis Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cell Death in Skin Keratinocytes

Seung Young Lee, Chul Hwan Kim, Buyng Su Hwang, Kyung-Min Choi, In-Jun Yang, Gi-Young Kim, Yung Hyun Choi, Jin-Woo Jeong, Cheol Park

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Oenothera biennis; Evening primrose; Oxidative stress; Cell death; Nrf2/HO-1

Online: 9 September 2020 (03:29:52 CEST)

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Background: Oenothera biennis (evening primrose) produces bioactive substances with a diverse range of pharmacological functions. However, it is currently unknown whether extract prepared from the aerial parts of O. biennis (APOB) can protect the skin against oxidative stress. To investigate the protective effects of APOB against oxidative stress-induced damage in human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT) and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods: We pretreated HaCaT cells with various concentrations of APOB or the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine before applying H2O2. We then compared the cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and DNA and mitochondrial damage between pretreated and untreated control cells using a range of assays, flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis and also examined the reducing power and DPPH free radical-scavenging activity of APOB. Results: APOB pretreatment significantly increased cell viability, effectively attenuated H2O2-induced comet tail formation, and inhibited H2O2-induced phosphorylation of the histone γH2AX, as well as the number of apoptotic bodies and Annexin V-positive cells. APOB was found to have a high reducing power and DPPH radical-scavenging activity and also exhibited scavenging activity against intracellular ROS accumulation and restored the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential caused by H2O2. APOB pretreatment almost totally reversed the enhanced cleavage of caspase-3, the degradation of poly (ADP-ribose)-polymerase (PARP), DNA fragmentation that usually occurs in the presence of H2O2 and increased the levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a potent antioxidant enzyme that is associated with the induction of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Conclusions: APOB can protect HaCaT cells from H2O2-induced DNA damage and cell death by blocking cellular damage related to oxidative stress via a mechanism that affects ROS elimination and by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0217.v1

Curcumin Attenuates Lead-Induced Cerebellar Toxicity in Rats via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Chelating Activity

Kabeer Abubakar, Maryam Muhammad Mailafiya, Abubakar Danmaigoro, Samaila Musa Chiroma, Ezamin Abdul Rahim, Zuki Abu Bakar Zakaria

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: Curcumin; Lead toxicity; ICP-MS; Horizontal bar; Motor coordination; Oxidative stress; Cerebellum.

Online: 21 June 2019 (11:46:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0453.v1

Discovery, Optimization, and Cellular Activities of 2-(Aroylamino)cinnamamide Derivatives Against Colon Cancer

Abdelsattar M. Omar, Moustafa E. El-Araby, Tamer M. Abdelghany, Martin K. Safo, Mostafa H. Ahmed, Rio Boothello, Bhaumik B. Patel, Mohamed S. Abdel-Bakky, Azizah M. Malebari, Radwan S. Elhaggar

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Michael acceptor; safe covalent drugs; oxidative stress inducers; trans-cinnamaldehyde; curcumin; colorectal cancer

Online: 29 February 2020 (04:22:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0292.v1

Lowered Paraoxonase 1 Activities May Explain the Comorbidities Between Temporal Lobe Epilepsy or Mesial Temporal Sclerosis and Comorbid Depression, Anxiety and Psychosis

Ana Paula Michelin, Mchael Maes, Thitiporn Supasitthumrong, Chusak Limotai, Andressa Keiko Matsumoto, Laura de Oliveira Semeão, João Victor de Lima Pedrão, Estefania Gastaldello Moreira, Buranee Kanchanatwan, Décio Sabbatini Barbosa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: temporal lobe epilepsy; antioxidants; oxidative stress; neuroimmune; major depression; schizophrenia

Online: 19 March 2020 (02:11:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0105.v1

Upregulation of the Nitrosylome in Bipolar Disorder Type 1 (BP1), but not BP2, and Major Depression: Increased IgM Antibodies to Nitrosylated Conjugates are Associated with Indicants of Leaky Gut

Michael Maes, Denitsa Simeonova, Drozdstoy Stoyanov, Jean–Claude Leunis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: depression, bipolar disorder, oxidative and nitrosative stress, neuro-immune, inflammation, cytokines

Online: 8 March 2019 (09:13:40 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0389.v1

Novel Insights into the Crosstalk between Mineralocorticoid Receptor and G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Heart Adverse Remodeling and Disease

Barbara M. Parker, Shelby L. Wertz, Celina M. Pollard, Victoria L. Desimine, Jennifer Maning, Katie A. McCrink, Anastasios Lymperopoulos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: adverse remodeling; aldosterone; cardiac myocyte; crosstalk; G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR); GPCR-kinase (GRK); heart failure; inflammation; mineralocorticoid receptor; myocardial infarction; oxidative stress; signal transduction

Online: 16 November 2018 (07:54:04 CET)

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The mineralocorticoid hormone aldosterone regulates sodium and potassium homeostasis but also adversely modulates the maladaptive process of cardiac adverse remodeling post-myocardial infarction. Through activation of its mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), a classic steroid hormone receptor/transcription factor, aldosterone promotes inflammation and fibrosis of the heart, the vasculature, and the kidneys. This is why MR antagonists reduce morbidity and mortality of heart disease patients and are part of the mainstay pharmacotherapy of advanced human heart failure. A plethora of animal studies using cell type–specific targeting of the MR gene have established the importance of MR signaling and function in cardiac myocytes, vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, renal cells, and macrophages. In terms of its signaling properties, the MR is distinct from nuclear receptors in that it has, in reality, two physiological hormonal agonists: not only aldosterone but also cortisol. In fact, in several tissues, including in the myocardium, cortisol is the primary hormone activating the MR. There is a considerable amount of evidence indicating that the effects of the MR in each tissue expressing it depend on tissue- and ligand-specific engagement of molecular co-regulators that either activate or suppress its transcriptional activity. Identification of these co-regulators for every ligand that interacts with the MR in the heart (and in other tissues) is of utmost importance therapeutically, since it can not only help elucidate fully the pathophysiological ramifications of the cardiac MR`s actions but also help design and develop novel better MR antagonist drugs for heart disease therapy. Among the various proteins the MR interacts with are molecules involved in cardiac G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. This results in a significant amount of crosstalk between GPCRs and the MR, which can affect the latter`s activity dramatically in the heart and in other cardiovascular tissues. This review summarizes the current experimental evidence for this GPCR-MR crosstalk in the heart and discusses its pathophysiological implications for cardiac adverse remodeling as well as for heart disease therapy. Novel findings revealing non-conventional roles of GPCR signaling molecules, specifically of GPCR-kinase (GRK)-5, in cardiac MR regulation are also highlighted.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0254.v1

Solanum Fruit Juice as a Natural and Sustainable Source of Antioxidants for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C under Antiviral Therapy

Chidiebere Uchenna Iheka, Justice Obinna Osuoha, Idongesit Ekong Archibong, Peter Uchenna Amadi, Oluwatoyin Taiwo Adeoti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Solanum fruit juice; biochemical markers; chronic hepatitis C; oxidative stress; antioxidants

Online: 12 October 2018 (04:55:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0053.v1

A Nomothetic Network Model Disclosing the Comorbidity of Depression and Unstable Angina: Effects of Atherogenicity, Insulin Resistance, Immune Activation, Antioxidants, the Endogenous Opioid System, Trace Elements, and Macrominerals

Rana Mousa, Hasan Smesam, Hasan Qazmooz, Hussein Al-Hakeim, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: unstable angina, inflammation, neuro-immune, major depression, oxidative stress, antioxidants, atherogenicity

Online: 3 September 2020 (04:40:27 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0189.v4

The Antioxidant Effect of Beta-Alanine or Carnosine Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Elias de França, Fábio Santos Lira, Marcio Flávio Ruaro, Vinicius Barroso Hirota, Paula A. Faria Waziry, André Rinaldi Fukushima, Maria Luiza de Jesus Miranda, Erico Chagas Caperuto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: beta-alanine; carnosine; oxidative stress; antioxidant

Online: 28 December 2018 (04:39:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0391.v1

Alpha-glucosidase and Alpha-amylase Inhibitory Activities, Molecular Docking and Antioxidant Capacities of Salvia Aurita Constituents

Ninon G.E.R Etsassala, Jelili A. Badmus, Jeanine L. Marnewick, Felix Nchu, Ahmed A. Hussein

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; oxidative stress; alpha-glucosidase; alpha-amylase; Salvia aurita; abietane diterpenes

Online: 17 September 2020 (09:03:16 CEST)

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most dangerous metabolic diseases with high rate of mortality worldwide. It is well known that insulin resistance and deficiency in insulin production from pancreatic β-cells are the main characteristic of DM. Due to the detrimental side effects of the current treatment, there is a considerable need to develop new effective antidiabetic drugs, especially alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitors with lesser adverse effects. These inhibitors are known to be directly involved in the delay of carbohydrate digestion, resulting in a reduction of glucose absorption rate and consequently reduce the post-prandial raise of plasma glucose, which can reduce the risk of long-term diabetes complications. Hence, natural products are well-known sources for the discovery of new scaffold for drugs discovery, including new antidiabetic drugs. The phytochemical investigation of Salvia aurita collected from Hogobach pass, Eastern Cape, South Africa (SA), yielded four known abietane diterpenes namely carnosol (1), rosmanol (2), 7-methoxyrosmanol (3), 12-methoxycarnosic acid (4) and one flavonoid named 4,7-dimethylapigenin (5). Structural characterization of these isolated compounds was conducted using 1 and 2D NMR, in comparison with reported spectroscopic data. These compounds are reported for the first time from S. aurita. The biological evaluation of the isolated compound against alpha-glucosidase exhibited strong inhibitory activities for 3 and 2 with IC50 values of 4.2 ± 0.7 and 16.4 ± 1.1 µg/mL respectively, while 4 and 1 demonstrated strong alpha-amylase inhibitory activity amongst the isolated compounds with IC50 of 16.2 ± 0.3 and 19.8 ± 1.4 µg/mL. Molecular docking analysis confirms strong inhibitory activity of 3 against alpha-glucosidase. Additionally, excellent antioxidant capacities were displayed by 2, 1 and 3 respectively as ORAC (25789.9 ± 10.5; 23961.8 ± 14.1; 23939.3 ± 2.4) µM TE/g; 1 and 2 as FRAP (3917.8 ± 2.1; 1522.3 ± 0.9) µM AAE/g; 5 and 2 as TEAC (3190.4 ± 2.8; 2055.0 ± 2.6) µM TE/g. The methanolic extract of S. aurita is a rich source of abietane diterpenes with excellent antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities that can be useful to modulate oxidative stress, and might possibly be excellent candidates for the management of diabetes. This is the first scientific report on the phytochemical isolation and biological evaluation of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitory activities of Salvia aurita.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0118.v1

Potential Properties of Natural Nutraceuticals and Antioxidants in Eye Protection

Jessica Maiuolo, Rosamaria Bulotta, Francesca Oppedisano, Vincenzo Musolino, Micaela Gliozzi, Cristina Carresi, Federica Scarano, Saverio Nucera, Miriam Scicchitano, Martina Nicita, Rosamaria Caminiti, Francesca Bosco, Roberta Macrì, Adriano Carnevali, Vincenzo Scorcia, Vincenzo Mollace

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Eyes diseases; Oxidative damage; Antioxidant compounds; Vitamin A; Vitamin C; Lutein; Curcumin; Quercetin; Coenzyme Q10; PUFAs; BPF; Grape seed

Online: 7 July 2022 (09:04:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0500.v1

The Role of Autophagy, Oxidative Damage, and Antioxidants in Eye Diseases, and the Need for Government Interventions and Education to Prevent Eye Diseases in the Digital Era

Sakthishreenidhi Manivel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Oxidative stress and cell death; Reactive oxygen species; ROS; ROS cell death; autophagy; role of antioxidants; eye disease; cornea; lens; epithelium; retinal ganglion cells; retinal pigment epithelium; macular degeneration; antioxidants in the macula; oxidative stress prevention with antioxidants; lifestyle changes; digital eye strain; glaucoma; cataracts; dry eye disease; computer vision syndrome; digital eye strain; diabetic retinopathy; Vitamin A; Vitamin C; copper; glutathione; zinc; selenium; magnesium; blue light damage; UV light damage; blue light reactive oxygen species; autophagy; ferroptosis; ROS cell death; superoxide dismutase; optic nerve gliomas; food deserts; myopia; free radicals

Online: 29 March 2023 (03:33:55 CEST)

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Increased screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic and the accelerated incorporation of technology into daily practices have directly contributed to the increased prevalence of eye disease. The human eye is not built for continual technological use and must adjust to exposure to digital screens. Overexposure to technology can result in eye strain and an increased risk of eye diseases such as myopia with complications later in life, including retinal tears, cataracts, and macular degeneration. As vision and ocular diseases become more prevalent, the study of eye diseases, including their causes and treatments, is especially relevant. There is a need to prevent ocular diseases before they become a burden to individuals, their families, and their communities by better understanding the pathophysiology of ocular diseases. Several ocular diseases are thought to be caused by imbalances in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy. ROS refers to a class of highly reactive oxygen-containing molecules that can undergo damaging reactions with other molecules in the cell. Autophagy is a cellular process of self-eating whereby damaged, harmful, or dead material in cells is broken down to maintain cellular homeostasis. This paper discusses the role of ROS and autophagy in the pathogenesis of computer vision syndrome (CVS), digital eye strain (DES), myopia, cataracts, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), optic nerve crush injury (OCN), optic nerve gliomas, and retinoblastoma. Lifestyle changes such as limiting screen time, ensuring adequate exposure to evening sunlight, and using blue light protection measures or protective eyewear are important in the prevention of eye disease. Nutrition also contributes significantly to eye health. A balanced diet rich in vitamins and antioxidants may help to prevent ROS and autophagy imbalance-induced eye disease. Medical and surgical treatments become necessary when preventative measures fail. This paper also addresses how government measures to decrease the onset of eye disease, including targeted programs to increase access to fresh vegetables and fruits in food deserts, are a critical macro-level avenue to reduce eye disease prevalence in the US, which according to the National Eye Institute, costs $139 billion yearly.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0425.v1

Analyzing the Potential Biological Determinants of Autism Spectrum Disorders: From Neuroinflammation to Kynurenines Pathway

Rosa Savino, Marco Carotenuto, Anna N. Polito, Sofia Di Noia, Marzia Albenzio, Alessia Scarinci, Antonio Ambrosi, Francesco Sessa, Nicola Tartaglia, Giovanni Messina

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: autism spectrum disorder; neuroinflammation; kynurenine pathway; microglia; oxidative stress; mitochondrial disorder; immune deregulation; QUIN (quinolinic acid); KYNA (kynurenic acid); tryptophan catabolites

Online: 19 July 2020 (19:19:31 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0525.v2

4-Hydroxynonenal in Redox Homeostasis of Gastrointestinal Mucosa: implications for Stomach in Health and Diseases

Andriy Cherkas, Neven Zarkovic

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: 4-Hydroxynonenal; lipid peroxidation; redox balance; oxidative stress; stomach; peptic ulcer; gastritis; Helicobacter pylori; gastric cancer; non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs-induced gastropathy

Online: 23 August 2018 (04:24:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0751.v1

Stability of the Glutathione Supplementation into Parenteral Nutrition to Protect Very Preterm Babies from Oxidative Stress

Clémence Guiraut, Nadine El Raichani, Guillaume Morin, Ibrahim Mohamed, Jean-Claude Lavoie

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: cysteine-glutathione disulfide; glutathione; glutathione supplementation; GSSG supplementation; oxidative stress; parenteral nutrition; premature newborns; pro-cysteine.

Online: 30 March 2021 (15:55:53 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0314.v2

Semen Quality as a Potential Susceptibility Indicator to SARS-CoV-2 Insults in Polluted Areas

Luigi Montano, Ian Marc Bonapace, Francesco Donato, Pietro Massimiliano Bianco, Antonino Guglielmino, Marina Piscopo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: air pollution; COVID-19; semen quality; environmental marker; health marker; oxidative stress

Online: 6 July 2020 (09:48:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0132.v1

Schizophrenia Phenomenology Comprises a Bifactorial General Severity and a Single-group Factor, Which Are Differently Associated with Neurotoxic Immune and Immune-regulatory Pathways

Michael Maes, Aristo Vojdani, Michel Geffard, Estefania Moreira, Decio Sabbatini Barbosa , Ana Paula Michelin , Laura de Oliveira Semeão, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Buranee Kanchanatawan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: schizophrenia; inflammation; oxidative stress; neuro-immune; gut bacteria; antioxidants

Online: 11 August 2019 (14:58:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0014.v1

Biomarkers and Clinical Features of Delirium in Elderly Individuals With Hip Fracture Surgery.

Paul Thisayakorn

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: delirium; inflammation; neuro-immune; biomarkers; oxidative stress

Online: 4 January 2021 (11:26:34 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0580.v1

Exploring the Modulation of Immune Response and Oxidative Stress of Intracellular Pathogens Using Nanoparticles Encapsulating Drugs

Ramendra Pati Pandey, Anjali Priyadarshini, Archana Gupta, Arpana Vibhuti, Elcio Leal, Utpal Sengupta, Vishwa Mohan Katoch, Pawan Sharma, Catrin E Moore, V. Samuel Raj

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Immune system; Oxidative stress; Nanoparticles; Intracellular Pathogens

Online: 28 October 2020 (10:05:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0472.v1

Tratment With Folic Acid Increases Paraoxonase 1 Activity Thereby Improving Chronic Kidney Disease

Andressa Matsumoto, Michael Maes, Ana Paula Michelin, Kamila Bonifácio, Laura Semeão, Rafael Martins, João Pedrão, Estefânia Moreira, Vinicius Delfino, Décio Barbosa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: chronic kidney disease; folic acid; inflammation; oxidative stress; antioxidants; biomarkers

Online: 31 March 2020 (23:32:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0144.v1

Global proteome of LonP1^+/- mouse embryonal fibroblasts reveals impact on respiratory chain, but no interdependence between Eral1 and mitoribosomes

Jana Key, Aneesha Kohli, Clea Bárcena, Carlos López-Otín, Juliana Heidler, Ilka Wittig, Georg Auburger

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: longevity; life expectancy; CODAS syndrome; Perrault syndrome; protease target substrates; respiratory complex assembly; oxidative stress; glutathione pathway; lysosomal degradation; fidelity protein synthesis

Online: 10 July 2019 (10:18:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0133.v1

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Biofilm Forming Bacteria Act Synergistically to Modulate Proline Metabolism, Antioxidant Defense System and Aquaporin Genes Expression Under Drought Stress

Iqra Siddique, Tariq Shah, Ahmad Ali, Ijaz Ahmad, Roberto D'amato, Fazal Munsif

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Abscisic acid biosynthetic genes; aquaporins; Biofilm forming bacteria; growth traits; oxidative injury; Tomato

Online: 8 August 2022 (05:48:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0145.v1

Lowered Antioxidant Defenses and Increased Oxidative Toxicity Are Hallmarks of Deficit Schizophrenia: Neurocognitive and Symptom Correlates

Michael Maes, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Andressa Keiko Matsumoto, Anna Paula Michelin, Laura de Oliveira Semeão, João Victor de Lima Pedrão, Estefania G. Moreira, Decio S. Barbosa, Andre F. Carvalho, Marco Solmi, Buranee Kanchanatawan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: oxidative stress; antioxidants; biomarkers; deficit schizophrenia; inflammation; cytokines; neuro-immune

Online: 9 May 2020 (03:29:18 CEST)

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Background: There is now evidence that schizophrenia and deficit schizophrenia are neuro-immune conditions and that oxidative stress toxicity (OSTOX) may play a pathophysiological role. Aims of the study: To compare OSTOX biomarkers and antioxidant (ANTIOX) defenses in deficit versus non-deficit schizophrenia. Methods: We examined lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), sulfhydryl (-SH) groups, paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and PON1 Q192R genotypes, total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP) as well as immune biomarkers in patients with deficit (n=40) and non-deficit (n=40) schizophrenia and healthy controls (n=40). Results: Deficit schizophrenia is characterized by significantly increased levels of AOPP and lowered -SH, and PON1 activity, while no changes in the OSTOX/ANTIOX biomarkers were found in non-deficit schizophrenia. An increased OSTOX/ANTIOX ratio was significantly associated with deficit versus non-deficit schizophrenia (Odds ratio=3.15, p<0.001). Partial least squares analysis showed that 47.6% of the variance in a latent vector extracted from psychosis, excitation, hostility, mannerism, negative symptoms, psychomotor retardation, formal thought disorders, and neurocognitive test scores was explained by LOOH+AOPP, PON1 genotype + activity, CCL11, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IgA responses to neurotoxic tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs), whereas -SH groups and IgM responses to MDA showed indirect effects mediated by OSTOX and neuro-immune biomarkers. Discussion: Our findings indicate that with increasing overall severity of schizophrenia, neuro-immune and neuro-oxidative (especially protein oxidation indicating chlorinative stress) toxicities become more prominent and together with lowered antioxidant defenses and impairments in innate immunity-associated resilience against neurotoxic processes shape a distinct nosological entity, namely deficit schizophrenia.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0011.v1

Adipose Tissue Plasticity in Response to Pathophysiological Cues: A Connecting Link between Obesity and Its Associated Comorbidities

Michelantonio De Fano, Desirèe Bartolini, Cristina Tortoioli, Cristiana Vermigli, Massimo Malara, Francesco Galli, Giuseppe Murdolo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: adipose tissue; adipose precursor cells; obesity; senescence; oxidative stress; type 2 diabetes; cardiovascular disease

Online: 4 April 2022 (07:34:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0012.v1

Evaluation of Thiol-dependent Enzymes on the Pharmacological Effects Induced by the Catalytically Active PLA2 from Bothrops jararacussu

Marcos Hikari Toyama, Caroline R. C. Costa, Mariana Novo Belchor, Adeilso Bispo dos Santos Junior, Laila Lucyane Ferreira de Moraes, Airam Roggero dos Santos Silva, Marcos Antonio de Oliveira

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Secretory Phospholipase A2, Bothrops jararacussu, Oxidative Stress, Edema, Myonecrosis and Thiol Dependent Antioxidant

Online: 3 May 2021 (16:15:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0319.v1

The Industrial Organism Corynebacterium glutamicum Requires Mycothiol as Antioxidant to Resist against Oxidative Stress in Bioreactor Cultivations

Fabian Stefan Franz Hartmann, Lina Clermont, Quach Ngoc Tung, Haike Antelmann, Gerd Michael Seibold

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Corynebacterium glutamicum; Oxidative stress; Mycothiol; Mrx1-roGFP2; Redox potential

Online: 14 September 2020 (00:58:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0710.v1

Increased Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, sRAGE and iMmune Activation, but Lowered Calcium and Magnesium In COVID-19: Association With Chest CT Abnormalities and Lowered Peripheral Oxygen Saturation

Hussein Al-Hakeim, Hawraa Al-Jassas, Gerwyn Morris, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; sRAGE; ACE2; inflammation; immune; oxidative stress; IL-6; IL-10; biomarkers

Online: 29 March 2021 (17:03:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0066.v1

Dietary Polyphenols in Metabolic Diseases and Neurodegeneration: Molecular Targets on Autophagy and Biological Effects

Ana García-Aguilar, Olga Palomino Ruiz-Poveda, Manuel Benito de las Heras, Carlos Guillén Viejo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: polyphenols; autophagy; mechanisms; oxidative stress; inflammation; disease models

Online: 2 November 2020 (17:30:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0389.v1

ECN from Tussilago Farfara Attenuates Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory and Pro-Apoptotic Proteins Expression in Surgical Model

Amna Khan, Sidra Khalid, Adnan Khan, Bushra Shal, Eunwoo Kang, Hwaryeong Lee, Eun Kyoung Seo, Salman Khan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: ECN; neuropathic pain; oxidative stress; apoptosis; myelin sheath; spectroscopy

Online: 18 August 2020 (12:00:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0178.v1

Viability of 4 Wild Strains L. paraplantarum, L. plantarum, W. paramesenteroides, and E. faecalis in Fermented Probiotic Grape Marmalade during Storage at both 5°C and 25°C

Lesly Samedi, Albert Linton Charles

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: anti-oxidative properties; DPPH; grape marmalade; lactobacillus; probiotics

Online: 16 April 2019 (10:27:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0564.v1

Evaluation of Toxic Effects of Hexavalent Chromium on the Yield and Quality of Sorghum

Praveen Kumar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Chromium; Oxidative stress; Sorghum; Biomass; Toxicity; Adversely; Nutritive; Heavy metal; Tolerant

Online: 23 November 2020 (08:57:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0222.v1

Astaxanthin Prevents Atrophy in Slow Fiber Muscles by Inhibiting Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Via a Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis Pathway

Luchuanyang Sun, Nobuyuki Miyaji, Min Yang, Edward M. Mills, Shigeto Taniyama, Takayuki Uchida, Takeshi Nikawa, Jifeng Li, Jie Shi, Katsuyasu Tachibana, Katsuya Hirasaka

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: astaxanthin; muscle atrophy; mitochondria; oxidative stress

Online: 17 June 2020 (13:29:15 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0437.v2

The Glial Aging & Senescence Hypothesis of Late-onset Alzheimer’s

Victor Lau, Leanne Ramer, Marie-Ève Tremblay

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: Alzheimer's; Cellular senescence; Neurodegeneration; Microglia; Astrocytes; Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells; TREM2; Braak staging; Oxidative stress; Phapoptosis; Amyloid-beta; Tau; Neuritic plaques

Online: 7 March 2022 (14:22:25 CET)

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) predominantly occurs as a late-onset form (LOAD), involving neurodegeneration and cognitive decline with progressive memory loss. Over time, risk factors and aging promote accumulation of well-known AD pathologies in oxidative stress, amyloid-beta and tau protein pathology, as well as inflammation. Homeostatic glial functions regulate and suppress these AD pathologies; however, other glial states involve increased pro-inflammatory cytokine release and further pathology accumulation. Different stresses can additionally induce cellular senescence, or an irreversible differentiation process resulting in decreased supportive functions and increased, pro-inflammatory cytokine release. While these pathophysiological underpinnings all contribute to LOAD, they require temporal and mechanistic integration. This perspective hypothesizes that when individuals have threshold senescent glia accumulation, they transition from healthy cognition into mild cognitive impairment and LOAD diagnosis. Particularly, senescent microglia are predicted to represent a final threshold required for the tau pathology burden and spreading that corresponds to sustained neurodegeneration and dementia severity. We first explore age-related decline in glia that promote increases in AD pathologies, and then discuss emerging evidence linking oxidative stress, neurons containing tau pathology, and amyloid-beta to microglia, oligodendrocyte progenitor cell, and astrocyte senescence. Our hypothesis proposes that senescent astrocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitors pressure microglia to phagocytose neurons containing tau pathology. The resulting senescent microglia would form neuritic plaques and induce paracrine senescence transitioning into a progressive clinical dementia presentation. This predictive hypothesis can potentially account for why medications used to treat LOAD fail, as previous treatments have not reduced senescent glial burden. It is also coherent with the predominant hypotheses surrounding LOAD, generates testable hypotheses about LOAD, and increases rationale in testing senolytics as targeted treatments for LOAD arrest and reversal.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0632.v1

Leukocyte Telomere Length Is Not Shortened in Methamphetamine Dependence or Methamphetamine-Induced Psychosis but Is Increased Following Traumatic Events.

Teerayuth Rungnirundorn Teerayuth Rungnirundorn, Kuakarun Krusong, Rasmon Kalayasiri, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: methamphetamine; psychosis; schizophrenia; withdrawal; depression; neuro-immune; oxidative stress; telomere length

Online: 25 March 2021 (15:13:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0083.v2

In Schizophrenia, Low Natural IgM Antibody Titers to Oxidative Specific Epitopes and Higher IgM Responses to Nitrated and Nitrosylated Proteins Strongly Predict Negative Symptoms, Neurocognitive Impairments and the Deficit Syndrome

Michael Maes, Buranee Kanchanatawan, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Andre F. Carvalho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: immune, inflammation, natural IgM autoimmune, oxidative stress, kynurenine, schizophrenia, psychosis

Online: 8 October 2018 (13:51:40 CEST)

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Schizophrenia is characterized by an interrelated activation of the immune-inflammatory response system (IRS) and the compensatory immune-regulatory reflex system (CIRS), which downregulates the IRS. Deficit schizophrenia is characterized by a deficit in natural regulatory autoimmune responses to tryptophan catabolites. The presence and correlates of IgM isotype antibodies to oxidative specific epitopes (OSEs), nitroso (NO) and nitro (NO₂) adducts in schizophrenia remain unknown.This study measured IgM antibodies to malondialdehyde (MDA), azelaic acid, phosphatidylinositol, oleic acid, NO-tryptophan, NO-albumin, NO-cysteinyl and NO₂-tyrosine in a sample of 80 schizophrenia patients, divided into those with and those without deficit schizophrenia, and 38 healthy controls.Deficit schizophrenia was characterized by significantly lower IgM antibody levels to all OSEs as compared with non-deficit schizophrenia and controls. Lowered IgM antibodies to MDA coupled with increased IgM levels to NO-cysteinyl and NO₂-tyrosine strongly predict deficit schizophrenia versus non-deficit schizophrenia with an area under the ROC curve of 0.913. A large part of the variance (21.2 – 42.2 %) in the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and excitation is explained by IgM antibody titers to MDA (inversely) and NO-cysteinyl and/or NO₂-tyrosine (both positively). Lower IgM antibodies to MDA are significantly associated with impairments in episodic memory including direct and delayed recall.These findings further indicate that deficit schizophrenia is a distinct phenotype of schizophrenia, which is characterized by lower natural IgM antibody levels to OSEs and relative increments in nitrosylation and nitration of proteins. It is concluded that deficits in lowered IgM responses to MDA and azelaic acid (part of the CIRS) attenuate the negative immune-regulatory feedback on the primary immune response and that this process may drive negative symptoms and impairments in episodic memory and thus deficit schizophrenia.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0359.v1

Chlorpyrifos- and Dichorfos-Induced Oxidative and Neurogenic Damage Elicits Neuro-Cognitive Deficits and Increases Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Wild-Type Rats

Aminu Imam, Nafeesah Abdulkareem Sulaiman, Aboyeji Lukuman Oyewole, Samson Chengetanai, Victoria Williams, Musa Iyiola Ajibola, Royhaan Olamide Folarin, Asma'u Shehu Muhammad, Sheu-Tijani Toyin Shittu, Salihu Moyosore Ajao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: oxidative damage; organophosphates; neurotoxicity; spatial working memory; anxiety-related behaviors

Online: 16 October 2018 (12:04:13 CEST)

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The mechanization of agricultural activities has led to indiscriminate deposition of toxic xenobiotics, including organophosphates in the biomes, and this has led to intoxication characterized with deleterious oxidative and neuronal changes. This study investigated the consequences of oxidative and neurogenic disruptions that follow exposure to two organophosphates, chlorpyrifos (CPF) and dichlorvos (DDVP) on neuro-cognitive performance and anxiety-like behaviors in rats Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats (150 – 170g) were randomly divided into 4 groups, orally exposed to normal saline (NS), DDVP (8.8mg/kg), CPF (14.9mg/kg) and DDVP+CPF for 14 consecutive days. On day 10 of exposures, anxiety-like behaviors and amygdala dependent fear learning were assessed using Open Field and Elevated Plus Maze paradigms respectively, while spatial working memory was assessed on day 14 in the Morris water maze paradigm, following 3 training trials each on days 11, 12 and 13. On day 15, the rats were euthanized, and their brains excised, hippocampus and amygdala removed, 5 of which were homogenized and centrifuged to analyze nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, total reactive oxygen species (ROS), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and the other three processed for histology (cresyl violet stain) and proliferative marker (Ki67 immunohistochemistry). Marked (p≤0.05) loss in body weight, AChE depletion, and overproduction of both NO and ROS were observed after repeated exposure to individual and combined doses of CPF and DDVP. Insults from DDVP exposure appeared more severe owing to the observed greater losses in the body weights of exposed rats. There was also a significant (p≤0.05) effect on the cognitive behaviors recorded from the exposed rats, and these deficits were related to the oxidative damage and neurogenic cell loss in the hippocampus and the amygdala of the exposed rats. Taken together, these results provided an insight that oxidative and neurogenic damages are central to the severity of neuro-cognitive dysfunction and increased anxiety-like behaviors that follow organophosphate poisoning.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0135.v1

Increased Levels of Plasma Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Mediate Schizophrenia Symptom Dimensions and Neurocognitive Impairments and Are Inversely Associated with Natural IgM and Paraoxonase 1 Activity

Michael Maes, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Andressa Keiko Matsumoto, Annabel Maes, Ana Paula Michelin, Laura de Oliveira Semeão, João Victor de Lima Pedrão, Estefania G. Moreira, Decio S. Barbosa, Michel Geffard, Andre F. Carvalho, Buranee Kanchanatawan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: cytokines, neuro-immune, inflammation, antioxidants, oxidative stress, paraoxonase 1

Online: 12 November 2019 (17:02:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0283.v1

Increased Aldehyde Formation as a Key Component of the Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: A Machine Learning Study

Kamila Bonifacio, Michael Maes, Carine de Farias, Andressa Matsumoto, Crisieli Tomereli, Danilo Pereira da Silva, Edilson Cyrino, Suzana Nixdorf, Danielle Venturini, Decio Barbosa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; inflammation; Oxidative Stress; nitrosative stress; biomarkers

Online: 23 June 2020 (11:35:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0157.v1

The Protective Role of Toll-like Receptors Agonist Monophosphoryl Lipid A against Vaccinated Murine Schistosomiasis

Ibrahim Aly, Essam H. Ibrahim, Rabab S. Hamad, Hoda EL Sayed, Sama M.N. Attiyah, Wafaa E-Komy, Hamed A. Ghramh, Ali Alshehri, Khalid M. Alsyaad, Mohammed Alshehri, Mona Kilany

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: schistosomiasis; monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA); chemotherapy; oxidative stress; antioxidant enzymes; SEA

Online: 16 September 2019 (01:27:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0136.v1

One Week Feeding of CDAHFD Induces Steatohepatitis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction with Oxidative Stress in Liver

Takehito Sugasawa, Seiko Ono, Masato Yonanine, Shin-ichiro Fujita, Yuki Matsumoto, Kai Aoki, Takuro Nakano, Shinsuke Tami, Yasuko Yoshida, Yasushi Kawakami, Kazuhiro Takekoshi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: CDAHFD; NASH; Mitochondrial dysfunction; Liver; Oxidative stress

Online: 7 May 2021 (09:47:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0003.v1

Lower Thiol, Glutathione, and Glutathione Peroxidase Levels in Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Study

Nattanan Sajjaboontawee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: antioxidants; oxidative stress; prostate cancer; benign prostatic hyperplasia; biomarkers; pathways

Online: 2 June 2020 (09:27:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0333.v1

Dual Aquaporin and Sigma1 Receptor (DAS) Modulators: New Tools for Counteracting Oxidative Stress

Giorgia Pellavio, Giacomo Rossino, Giulia Gastaldi, Daniela Rossi, Pasquale Linciano, Simona Collina, Umberto Laforenza

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: peroxiporins; oxidative stress; hydrogen peroxide; water channels; Sigma1 receptors; Sigma1 receptor modulators; neurodegenerative diseases

Online: 12 November 2020 (09:33:34 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0304.v1

Lipofuscin, Its Origin, Properties, and Contribution to Retinal Fluorescence as a Potential Biomarker of Oxidative Damage to the Retina

Malgorzata B. Rozanowska

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: lipofuscin; retina; fundus autofluorescence; fluorescence imaging; oxidative stress; photooxida-tion; oxidation; biomarker; age-related macular degeneration

Online: 5 July 2023 (10:42:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0122.v1

Comparative Reactive Oxidative Species (ROS) Content among Disposable Flavored Vape Bars

Shaiesh Yogeswaran, Thivanka Muthumalage, Irfan Rahman

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Vaping, disposable e-cigarettes, vape bars, flavoring, flavoring chemicals, Reactive Oxidative Species (ROS), disposables, oxidative stress

Online: 4 August 2021 (21:48:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0431.v1

mRNA Transcriptomic Profiling of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells HepG2 Treated with Catharanthus roseus-Silver Nanoparticles

Nur Asna Azhar, Siti Aishah Abu Bakar, Marimuthu Citartan, Nor Hazwani Ahmad

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: C. roseus; HepG2; silver nanoparticles; AgNPs; mRNA; transcriptomic; gene expression; oxidative stress; apoptosis; cell cycle.

Online: 24 September 2021 (12:44:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0234.v1

Administration of Enalapril Started Late in Life Attenuates Hypertrophy and Oxidative Stress Burden, Increases Mitochondrial Mass and Modulates Mitochondrial Quality Control Signaling in the Rat Heart

Anna Picca, Giuseppe Sirago, Vito Pesce, Angela Maria Serena Lezza, Riccardo Calvani, Maurizio Bossola, Emanuele Rocco Villani, Francesco Landi, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Christy Carter, Roberto Bernabei, Emanuele Marzetti

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: mitochondrial quality control, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, mtDNA, TFAM binding, oxidative lesions, mtDNA damage, cardioprotection, peroxiredoxin

Online: 13 September 2018 (11:36:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0241.v1

Role of Astrocytes in Central Nervous System, Disease Implications and New Physiological Implications in Memory and Learning

Soraya L. Valles, Sandeep Kumar Singhb, Ignacio Campo, Adrian Jorda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Neurons; Astrocytes; Neurodegeneration; Neurodevelopmental diseases; Memory; Learning; Inflammation; Oxidative Stress; sleep disorders

Online: 9 June 2021 (07:36:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0422.v1

Effect of Natural Food Antioxidants Against LDL and DNA Oxidative Changes

Sotirios Kiokias, Charalampos Proestos, Vassilki Oreopoulou

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: LDL-oxidation; DNA-damage; antioxidant vitamins; oxidative stress

Online: 20 September 2018 (16:53:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0048.v1

Genetic Factors of Nitric Oxide’s System in Psychoneurologic Disorders

Regina F. Nasyrova, Polina V. Moskaleva, Elene E. Vaiman, Natalya A. Shnayder, Nataliya L. Blatt, Albert A. Rizvanov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: NO; NOS; genetics; nitric oxide; nitric oxide synthase; oxidative stress; pathogenesis; mental disorders, neurological diseases

Online: 4 February 2020 (11:06:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0484.v1

Role of VTC4 in Stress Response and Regulation of Inorganic Polyphosphate Levels in Yeast

Alexander Tomashevsky, Ekaterina Kulakovskaya, Ludmila Trilisenko, Tatiana Kulakovskaya, Alexey Fedorov, Mikhail Eldarov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: inorganic polyphosphate; VTC4; knockout mutant; oxidative stress; gene expression; yeast

Online: 23 October 2020 (10:42:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0319.v1

Thromboxane A2 Receptor Antagonist (ONO-8809) Attenuates the Renal Disorders Caused by Salt-Overload in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Yusuke Nagatani, Toshihide Higashino, Kosho Kinoshita, Hideaki Higashino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: thromboxane A2 and prostaglandin H2 receptor (TPR) antagonist; ONO-8809; renal disorders; salt-overload; stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP); hypertension; oxidative stress

Online: 18 January 2021 (11:32:11 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0258.v1

Children's Health in the Digital Age

Birgitta Dresp-Langley

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: digital environments; over exposure; children; vitamin D; melatonin; myopia; sleep loss; depression; obesity internet addiction; serotonin; dopamine; oxidative stress

Online: 16 March 2020 (04:22:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0245.v1

Improvement in Diabetic Retinopathy through Protection against Retinal Apoptosis in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Rats Mediated by Ethanol Extract of Osteomeles schwerinae C.K. Schneid.

Chan-Sik Kim, Junghyun Kim, Young Sook Kim, Kyuhyung Jo, Yun Mi Lee, Dong Ho Jung, Ik Soo Lee, Joo Hwan kim, Jin Sook Kim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Osteomeles Schwerinae; diabetic retinopathy (DR); spontaneously diabetic Torii (SDT) rat; human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs); advanced glycation end products (AGEs); retinal apoptosis; oxidative stress; mitochondrial function; adjunctive effect; combination therapy

Online: 24 January 2019 (08:37:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0347.v1

In Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia, Increased Iron Overload is Associated with Lower Serum Alpha-klotho, Which is Strongly Associated with Lower Total and Ionized Calcium Concentrations

Michael Maes, Shatha Rouf Moustafa, Hussein Kadhem Al-Hakeim, Zainab Hussein Alhillawi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Calcium; α-klotho; inflammation; oxidative stress; antioxidants; biomarkers

Online: 16 July 2020 (10:49:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0563.v1

Omega-3 Monoacylglyceride Effects on Longevity, Mitochondrial Metabolism and Oxidative Stress: Insights from Drosophila melanogaster

Camille M. Champigny, Robert P.J. Cormier, Chloé J. Simard, Patrick-Denis St-Coeur, Samuel Fortin, Nicolas Pichaud

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: mitochondrial metabolism; aging; monoacylglyceride; polyunsaturated fatty acids; oxidative stress

Online: 24 October 2018 (09:40:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0299.v1

Ameliorative Effect of Chitosan-Propolis Nanoparticles on the Estradiol Valerate -Induced PCOS in Rat

Seyede Fatemeh Hosseini, Forouzan Khodaei, Zeynab Hasansagha, Hamidreza Khosravizadeh, Mostafa Abdollahi, Ehsaneh Azaryan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Reproductive Medicine Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome; Chitosa; Propolis; Nanoparticle; Oxidative Stress; Immune system malfunctions.

Online: 13 April 2023 (05:40:52 CEST)

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Background: Endocrine conditions that impact women define polycystic ovary syndrome. Previous studies have demonstrated a connection between PCOS and insulin intolerance, oxidative stress, and immune system dysfunction. Additionally, some reports have indicated that propolis has antioxidant properties and that chitosan nanoparticles have beneficial effects on the reproductive system. The goal of the present study is to compare metformin (Met) to chitosan-propolis nanoparticles and explain how they protect against a rat PCOS model caused by estradiol valerate (EV). (as a control treatment). Methods: In order to cause PCOS in rodents, a single subcutaneous injection of estradiol valerate was used, followed by a 42-day oral administration of 500 mg/kg of chitosan-propolis nanoparticles. Four sets of rats were created: the control, PCOS, metformin (PCOS and 150 mg/kg metformin), and chitosan-propolis nanoparticle (PCOS and 500 mg/kg chitosan-propolis nanoparticle) groups. The histopathological examination of the ovaries and measurement of serum ferctors were performed on all of the animals. Estradiol valerate caused PCOS, but chitosan-propolis nanoparticle therapy reversed it. Results: After chitosan-propolis nanoparticle intervention, the body weight and ovarian morphology had improved, and the serum biochemical parameters, including esretogen, progestron, vitamin D, calcium, and the insulin resistance index, had been corrected. These EV-induced changes include decreased SOD activity, elevated MDA levels, and evidence that oxidative stress was increased by EV when chitosan-propolis nanoparticle/Met were administered for 42 straight days. Additionally, certain relative mRNA transcripts, including those for the MCP, IL18, and CRP genes, were markedly upregulated in EV-treated animals. These findings unequivocally demonstrate the beneficial effects of chitosan-propolis nanoparticles/Met in inflammatory disorders. Conclustion: Together, the study's end findings, which are presented here, are consistent with the hypothesis that chitosan-propolis nanoparticle/Met offered protective activity against the harmful effects of EV. Although ameliorative effects may have been implicated, the primary pathway or pathways still need to be clarified.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0457.v1

Inflammatory and Oxidative Pathways are New Drug Targets in Multiple Episode Schizophrenia and Leaky Gut, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and C1q Immune Complexes are Additional Drug Targets in First Episode Schizophrenia

Michael Maes, Aristo Vojdani, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Decio Barbosa, Buranee Kanchanatawan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: deficit schizophrenia; neuro-immune; inflammation; oxidative and nitrosative stress; antioxidants; biomarkers; IgM; autoimmune

Online: 18 December 2020 (11:50:42 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0472.v1

The Role of Vitamin D and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease

Keith C. Norris, Opeyemi Olabisi, M. Edwina Barnett, Yuan-Xiang Meng, David Martins, Chamberlain Obialo, Jae Eun Lee, Susanne B. Nicholas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: vitamin D; oxidative stress; kidney disease, disparities

Online: 22 October 2018 (05:42:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0301.v1

The Antifungal Potential of Sarvacrol against Penicillium digitatum through 1H-NMR Based Metabolomics Approach

Chunpeng Wan, Yuting Shen, Muhammad Farrukh Nisar, Wenwen Qi, Chuying Chen, Jinyin Chen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: amino acid metabolism; carvacrol; metabolomics data; oxidative stress; Penicillium digitatum

Online: 24 May 2019 (14:33:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0160.v1

Extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. Berries Prevents Cadmium-induced Oxidative Stress in the Liver: a Study in a Rat Model of Low-level and Moderate Lifetime Human Exposure to this Toxic Metal

Magdalena Mężyńska, Małgorzata M. Brzóska, Joanna Rogalska

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Aronia melanocarpa berries; cadmium; liver; oxidative/antioxidative balance; oxidative stress; protection

Online: 7 November 2018 (10:47:33 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0033.v1

The Neuromelanin Paradox and its Dual Role in Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration

Alexandra Moreno García, Alejandra Kun, Miguel Calero Lara, Olga Calero

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: reactive oxygen species (ROS), neuromelanin (NM), oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, immune response

Online: 1 December 2020 (15:02:04 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0357.v1

Pathophysiological Basis for Nutraceutical Supplementation in Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Review

Vincenzo Mollace, Giuseppe Rosano, Stefan D. Anker, Andrew JS Coats, Petar Seferovic, Rocco Mollace, Annamaria Tavernese, Micaela Gliozzi, Vincenzo Musolino, Cristina Carresi, Jessica Maiuolo, Roberta Macrì, Francesca Bosco, Francesco Romeo, Marcello Chiocchi, Marco Metra, Maurizio Volterrani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Heart failure; dysfunctional cardiomiocytes; pathophysiological mechanisms; oxidative stress; nutraceuticals

Online: 12 November 2020 (17:25:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0195.v2

Antioxidants and Long Covid

Patrick Chambers

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Warburg effect, oxidative stress, magnesuria, inflammasome, butyrate

Online: 14 October 2022 (12:56:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0201.v1

Aberrations in the Cross-Talks Among Redox, Nuclear Factor-κB and Wnt/Catenin Pathway Signaling Underpin Myalgic Encephalomyelitis andChronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Review and New Hypothesis Based on Results of Network, Enrichment and Annotation Analyses

Michael Maes, Marta Kubera, Magdalena Kotańska

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: chronic fatigue syndrome; Myalgic Encephalomyelitis; inflammation; neuro-immune; oxidative and nitrosative stress; antioxidants

Online: 13 September 2021 (10:57:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0290.v1

Intake of Molecular Hydrogen in Drinking Water Increases Membrane Transporters, p-Glycoprotein, and Multidrug resistance-associated Protein 2 without Affecting Xenobiotic-metabolizing Enzymes in Rat Liver

Hsien-Tsung Yao, Yu-Hsuan Yang, Mei-Ling Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: molecular hydrogen; hydrogen-rich water; xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes; membrane transporters; liver; oxidative stress

Online: 28 June 2019 (07:36:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0537.v1

Use of Cerium Nitrate Nanoparticles in Biological Environment Along with the Factors Effecting It: An Empirical Overview

Zarish Fatima, Sameer Quazi, Shreelaxmi Gavas, Tomasz Karpiński

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Cerium oxide nanoparticles; radicals; oxidative stress; physical and chemical properties and biological characteristics

Online: 30 August 2021 (10:22:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0105.v1

Protective Effect of New Formulation of Carnosine+Hyaluronic Acid on the Inflammation and Cartilage Degradation in the Experimental Model of Osteoarthritis

Rosalba Siracusa, Daniela Impellizzeri, Marika Cordaro, Alessio F. Peritore, Enrico Gugliandolo, Ramona D'Amico, Roberta Fusco, Rosalia Crupi, Enrico Rizzarelli, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Susanna Vaccaro, Mariafiorenza Pulicetta, Valentina Greco, Sebastiano Sciuto, Antonella Schiavinato, Luciano Messina, Rosanna Di Paola

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: osteoarthritis; carnosine; hyaluronic acid; inflammation; oxidative stress

Online: 11 January 2020 (11:17:18 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0013.v1

Selenium and Its Compounds in the Treatment of Anxiety and Related Disorders: A Scoping Review of Translational and Clinical Research

Ravi Philip Rajkumar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: selenium; oxidative stress; serotonin; glutamate; anxiety disorders; obsessive-compulsive disorders; post-traumatic stress disorder

Online: 3 October 2022 (15:17:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0347.v1

Increased Autoimmune Responses to Oxidative Specific Epitopes in Bipolar Disorder Type 1 and Major Depression: Towards A Data-Driven, Mechanistic Model of Mood Disorders

Drozdstoy Stoyanov, Jean–Claude Leunis, Marianna Murdjeva, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: mood disorders; depression; nitrosative and oxidative stress; IgM autoimmunity; neuro-immune; inflammation

Online: 16 September 2020 (04:17:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0165.v1

Self-Reported Exposure to ETS (Environmental Tobacco Smoke), Urinary Cotinine and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Pregnant Women – the Pilot Study

Lubica Argalasova, Ingrid Zitnanova, Diana Vondrova, Monika Dvorakova, Lucia Laubertova, Jana Jurkovicova, Juraj Stofko, Michael Weitzman, Martin Simko

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS); pregnant women; questionnaire; urinary cotinine; oxidative stress parameters

Online: 15 March 2019 (14:03:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0080.v1

Oxidative Stress as a Mediator of the Immunomodulation Exerted by Monoclonal Antibodies in the Treatment of Lung Cancer in Mice

Jun Tang, Daniel Ramis-Cabrer, Xuejie Wang, Esther Barreiro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: experimental lung cancer; immunomodulators; oxidative stress; autophagy; tumor growth; sirtuin-1

Online: 10 June 2019 (16:12:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0280.v1

Pulmonary Hypertension Remodels the Genomic Fabrics of Major Functional Pathways

Rajamma Mathew, Jing Huang, Sanda Iacobas, Dumitru Iacobas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: aerobic glycolysis; caveolin1; hypoxia; monocrotaline; oxidative phosphorylation; RhoA

Online: 21 December 2019 (10:48:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0523.v1

A Generalized Cognitive Decline (GCoDe) Partly Mediates the Effects of Neuro-Immune and Neuro-Oxidative Toxicity on the Symptomatome and Lowered Quality of Life in (Deficit) Schizophrenia

Michael Maes, Buranee Kanchanatawan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: deficit schizophrenia; cognition; tryptophan catabolites; neuro-immune; oxidative stress; antioxidants; CCL11

Online: 19 November 2020 (21:06:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0316.v1

Neurological Outcomes Following Mitoquinone Supplementation in Mice, 3 and 7 Days Post Repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Mohammad Amine Reslan, Maya Jammoul, Leila Nasrallah, Maha Tabet, Marya El-Kurdi, Sarin Mekhjian, Judith Nwaiwu, Mona Goli, Yehia Mechref, Kevin K Wang, Firas Kobeissy, Riyad El Khoury

Subject: Social Sciences, Cognitive Science Keywords: acute injury; antioxidant; behavior; mitochondria; mitoquinone; neuroinflammation; oxidative stress; repeated mild TBI

Online: 21 July 2022 (08:17:28 CEST)

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Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) or concussion accounts for the bulk of all head injuries and represents a major health concern. Although an mTBI event may not manifest in neurobehavioral impairment, repeated injuries, known as repeated mTBI (rmTBI), can result in a cumulative effect that may progress to long-term cognitive and functional deficits. To date, there is no FDA-approved drug for TBI in general and rmTBI in particular. In previous studies, we have demonstrated the neuroprotective role of mitoquinone (MitoQ), a mitochondrial antioxidant, in an open head injury model and a model of repeated mild TBI (rmTBI) at a chronic time point (30 days). In this work, we set out to assess the neuroprotective potential of MitoQ at acute (3 days) and subacute time points (7 days) post-injury in a controlled cortical impact model of rmTBI. C57BL/6 male mice were injected intraperitoneally with MitoQ (5 mg/kg) one hour after the first mTBI, and three days after the first injury in both the 3-day and 7-day MitoQ + rmTBI subgroups, with an additional injection four days after the second injection in the 7-day group. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM) while gross and fine motor functions were evaluated by the pole climbing, grip strength, and ladder rung tests. Dihydroethidium (DHE) staining was performed to evaluate oxidative stress while qRT-PCR was used to measure the gene expression of different antioxidant enzymes. Also, immunofluorescence staining was performed on brain tissue to assess the degree of microgliosis and astrocytosis. Our results showed that MitoQ conferred significant protection on days 3 and 7 post-injury against fine motor function impairment induced by rmTBI. Moreover, MitoQ enhanced cognitive function and reduced astrogliosis, microgliosis, and levels of oxidative stress on day 7 post-injury. However, antioxidant gene expression generally remained unaffected. In light of our results, MitoQ administration may be considered a preventive approach that helps to alleviate the neurological manifestations associated with rmTBI early before symptoms progress to long-term deficits.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0543.v1

The Influence of Probiotic Supplementation on Depressive Symptoms, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Parameters and Faecal Microbiota in Patients with Depression Depending on Metabolic Syndrome Comorbidity – PRO-DEMET Randomised Study Protocol

Oliwia Gawlik-Kotelnicka, Anna Skowrońska, Aleksandra Margulska, Karolina H. Czarnecka-Chrebelska, Igor Łoniewski, Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka, Dominik Strzelecki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: depression; metabolic syndrome; probiotics; microbiota; inflammation; oxidative stress

Online: 24 February 2021 (11:20:26 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0464.v1

High Fructose Consumption: More Pain Than Gain to Human Health

Simon Isaiah, Oluwaseyi Olanrewaju, Abisola Sholeye, Modupe Ayilara

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Antioxidants; Free radicals; Fructose; Oxidative stress

Online: 17 June 2021 (14:40:02 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Tolerance Mechanisms of the Aromatic and Medicinal Plant Salvia sclarea to Excess Zinc

Anelia Dobrikova, Emilia Apostolova, Anetta Hanć, Ekaterina Yotsova, Preslava Borisova, Ilektra Sperdouli, Ioannis-Dimosthenis S. Adamakis, Michael Moustakas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Chlorophyll fluorescence; clary sage; nutrient uptake; oxidative stress; photosynthesis; phytoremediation; phytostabilization; photosynthetic pigments; phenolic content; Zn toxicity

Online: 2 December 2020 (15:36:30 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0143.v1

Prospect of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants as a Hepatoprotective and Anti-Alcoholic Liver Disease Agent

Abugri James, Michael Adu-Frimpong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: antioxidants; alcohol metabolism; hepatoprotective; anti-ALD; mitochondrial dysfunction; mitochondria-targeted; oxidative stress; and cytochrome P450 2E1

Online: 4 March 2021 (09:13:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0296.v1

Insight into Phytoremediation Capability of Brassica juncea (v. Malopolska): Metal Accumulation and Antioxidant Enzymes Activity

Arleta Małecka, Agnieszka Konkolewska, Anetta Hanc, Danuta Barałkiewicz, Liliana Ciszewska, Ewelina Ratajczak, Aleksandra Staszak, Hanna Kmita, Wiesława Jarmuszkiewicz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: oxidative stress; antioxidative system; Brassicaceae family; heavy metals

Online: 28 August 2019 (14:43:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0159.v1

Inflammation and Nitro-Oxidative Stress in Current Suicidal Attempts and Current Suicidal Ideation: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Asara Vasupanrajit, Ketsupar Jirakran, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Marco Solmi, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: suicide; neuro-immune; inflammation; oxidative and nitrosative stress; depression; mood disorders; schizophrenia; psychiatry

Online: 8 September 2021 (20:03:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0737.v3

Monitoring the Redox Status in Multiple Sclerosis

Masaru Tanaka, László Vécsei

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: oxidative stress; redox; antioxidant; multiple sclerosis; biomarker; neurodegenerative disease; personalized medicine

Online: 22 September 2020 (08:42:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0107.v1

On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology

Francesca Costabile, Stefano Decesari, Roberta Vecchi, Franco Lucarelli, Gabriele Curci, Dario Massabò, Matteo Rinaldi, Maurizio Gualtieri, Emanuela Corsini, Elena Menegola, Silvia Canepari, Lorenzo Massimi, Stefania Argentini, Maurizio Busetto, Gianluca Di Iulio, Luca Di Liberto, Marco Paglione, Igor Petenko, Mara Russo, Angela Marinoni, Gianpietro Casasanta, Sara Valentini, Vera Bernardoni, Federica Crova, Gianluigi Valli, Alice Corina Forello, Fabio Giardi, Silvia Nava, Giulia Pazzi, Paolo Prati, Virginia Vernocchi, Teresa La Torretta, Ettore Petralia, Milena Stracquadanio, Gabriele Zanini, Gloria Melzi, Emma Nozza, Martina Iulini, Donatella Caruso, Lucia Cioffi, Gabriele Imperato, Flavio Giavarini, Maria Battistoni, Francesca Di Renzo, Maria Agostina Frezzini, Cinzia Perrino, Maria Cristina Facchini

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: atmospheric aerosol; chemical composition; secondary aerosol; source apportionment; ultrafine particles; oxidative potential; exposure; toxicology; forecasting; micrometeorology

Online: 12 April 2022 (09:54:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0421.v1

How to Construct a Bottom-up Nomothetic Network Model and Disclose Novel Nosological Classes by Integrating Risk Resilience and Adverse Outcome Pathways with the Phenome of Schizophrenia

Michael Maes, Aristo Vodjani, Piotr Galecki, Buranee Kanchanatawan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: deficit schizophrenia; cytokines; inflammation; neuro-immune; oxidative stress; leaky gut

Online: 20 August 2020 (03:24:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0076.v1

Combined Targeting of Mutant p53 and Jumonji Family Histone Demethylase Augments Therapeutic Efficacy of Radiation in H3K27M DIPG

Anatoly Nikolaev, John B. Fiveash, Eddy S. Yang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: H3K27M; DIPG; p53; APR-246; Jumonji family histone demethylases; GSK-J4, radiation; DNA damage repair; glutathione depletion; oxidative stress induction

Online: 6 December 2019 (04:34:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0488.v2

Modulation of Renal Insulin Signaling Pathway and Antioxidant Enzymes with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes: Effects of Resveratrol

Gökhan Sadi, Gamze Şahin, Aykut Bostancı

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: diabetes kidney; oxidative stress; inflammation; resveratrol; insulin signaling

Online: 4 January 2019 (11:43:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0044.v1

Role of a RhoA/ROCK-Dependent Pathway on Renal Connexin43 Regulation in the Angiotensin II-Induced Renal Damage

Gonzalo I. Gómez, Victoria Velarde, Juan C. Sáez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: hypertensive nephropathy; oxidative stress; fibrosis; inflammation; Cx43; Fasudil

Online: 5 August 2019 (05:02:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0215.v1

Major Depressive Disorder is Associated with Impaired Mitochondrial Function in Skin Fibroblasts

Kerstin Kuffner, Julian Triebelhorn, Katrin Meindl, Christoph Benner, André Manook, Daniel Sudria, Ramona Siebert, Caroline Nothdurfter, Thomas C. Baghai, Konstantin Drexler, Mark Berneburg, Rainer Rupprecht, Vladimir M. Milenkovic, Christian H. Wetzel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: major depression; skin fibroblasts; mitochondria; bioenergetics; oxidative phosphorylation; adenosine triphosphate; calcium imaging; mitochondrial membrane potential; mitochondrial DNA copy number

Online: 12 March 2020 (14:11:25 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1223.v1

Effects of Molecular Hydrogen in the Pathophysiology and Management of Metabolic and Non-communicable Diseases

Ram B. Singh, Alex Tarnava, Jan Fedacko, Ghizal Fatima, Sunil Rupee, Zuzana Sumbalová, Arsha Moshiri

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Hydrogen; cardiovascular; metabolic diseases; diet; oxidative stress; inflammation

Online: 29 April 2023 (07:44:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0207.v1

The Neuroprotective and Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of Bacopa monnieri: A Systematic Review

Luiz José Valotto Neto, Matheus Reverete, Renato Cesar Moretti Junior, Nathalia Mendes Machado, Rakesh Kumar Joshi, Daiane dos Santos Buglio, Caroline Barbalho Lamas, Rosa Direito, Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Masaru Tanaka, Sandra Maria Barbalho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Bacopa monnieri; phytotherapy (plants, medicinal, herbal medicine); neurodegenerative diseases; Alzheimer´; s disease; memory; cognitive functions; aging; neuroprotection; oxidative stress; antioxidants; neuropharmacology

Online: 5 February 2024 (04:02:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0487.v1

Increased Nitro-Oxidative Toxicity in Association With Metabolic Syndrome, Atherogenicity and Insulin Resistance in Patients With Affective Disorders

Nayara Morelli, Michael Maes, Kamila Bonifacio, Heber Vargas, Sandra Nunes, Decio Barbosa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Major depression; Bipolar disorder; Metabolic syndrome; oxidative and nitrosative stress, antioxidants; biomarkers.

Online: 18 March 2021 (15:56:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0131.v1

Genomic Fabric Remodeling in Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC): A New Paradigm and Proposal for a Personalized Gene Therapy Approach

Dumitru A Iacobas, Victoria E Mgbemena, Sanda Iacobas, Kareena M Menezes, Huichen Wang, Premkumar B Saganti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: ALG13; apoptosis; cell cycle; chemokine signaling; FAM27C; genomic medicine; oxidative phosphorylation; TASOR; VEGF signaling; VHL.

Online: 6 October 2020 (14:47:30 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0222.v1

Pursuing the Elixir of Life: In Vivo Antioxidative Effect of Manganosalen Complexes, a Review

Lara Rouco, Ana M. Gonzalez-Noya, Rosa Pedrido, Marcelino Maneiro

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: ROS; oxidative stress; catalytic antioxidants; superoxide dismutase; catalase; peroxidase; manganese; salen-type ligands; animal studies

Online: 11 July 2020 (03:30:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0083.v1

Maternal Resveratrol Supplementation Prevents Cognitive Decline in Senescent Mice Offspring

Vanesa Izquierdo, Verònica Palomera-Ávalos, Sergio López-Ruiz, Anna-Maria Canudas, Merce Pallas, Christian Griñán-Ferré

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Cognitive decline, Epigenetics, Epigenetic inheritance, Methylation, Nrf2, NF-kβ, Oxidative stress, Inflammation, resveratrol, SAMP8

Online: 11 February 2019 (08:56:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0684.v1

Dimethyl Fumarate and Its Esters: A Drug with Broad Clinical Utility?

Stephanie Kourakis, Cara Timpani, Judy de Haan, Nuri Gueven, Dirk Fischer, Emma Rybalka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Clinical application; dimethyl fumarate; disease; fumaric acid esters; oxidative stress; inflammation; Nrf2; disease

Online: 28 September 2020 (11:03:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0139.v1

ACTH(6-9)PGP Peptide Protects SH-SY5Y Cells from the H2O2, tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide, and Cyanide Cytotoxicity via Prolif-eration Stimulation and Antioxidant-related Genes Induction

Mikhail G. Akimov, Elena V. Fomina-Ageeva, Polina V. Dudina, Ludmila A. Andreeva, Nikolay F. Myasoyedov, Vladimir V. Bezuglov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: ACTH(6-9); Neuroprotection; MPP+; H2O2; tert-butyl hydroperoxide; cyanide; melanocortins; oxidative stress

Online: 3 March 2021 (16:49:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0132.v1

Effects of Aqueous Dispersions of C60, C70 and Gd@C82 Fullerenes on Genes Involved in Oxidative Stress and Anti-inflammatory Pathways

Elena V. Proskurnina, Ivan V. Mikheev, Ekaterina A. Savinova, Elizaveta S. Ershova, Natalia N. Veiko, Larisa V. Kameneva, Olga A. Dolgikh, Ivan V. Rodionov, Mikhail A. Proskurnin, and Svetlana V. Kostyuk

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: aqueous fullerene dispersions; pristine fullerenes; metallofullerenes; ROS homeostasis; oxidative stress; NOX4; Nrf2; PRAR-γ; heme oxygenase 1; NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1; an-ti-inflammatory pathways

Online: 7 May 2021 (09:38:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0344.v1

Redox Regulation and Oxidative Stress: The Particular Case of the Stallion Spermatozoa

Fernando Juan Peña Vega, Cristian O'Flaherty, Jose M. Ortiz Rodríguez, Francisco E. Martín Cano, Gemma L. Gaitskell-Phillips, María C. Gil, Cristina Ortega Ferrusola

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: horses; spermatozoa; ROS; oxidative stress; redox regulation; equine

Online: 30 September 2019 (08:06:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0429.v1

Almond Skin Extracts and Chlorogenic Acid Delay Replicative Aging by Enhanced Oxidative Stress Response Involving SIR2 and SOD2 in Yeast

Duangjai Tungmunnithum, Malika Abid, Ahmed Elamrani, Samantha Drouet, Mohamed Addi, Christophe Hano

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Aging; Almond; Chlorogenic acid; Lipid peroxidation; Mitochondria; 8-Oxo-guanine; Oxidative stress; Protein carbonylation; Sirtuin; Superoxide dismutase; Yeast

Online: 24 April 2020 (08:54:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0461.v1

Transcription Factors and Intracellular Proteins Orchestrate Phenotypic Adaptation in Cryptococcus neoformans for Survival and Human Infections

Olufemi Samuel Folorunso, Olihile Moses Sebolai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Cryptococcus; transcription factor; thermotolerance; virulence factors; antifungal; oxidative and osmotic stress; capsule; melanin; monokaryotic fruiting; mating and filamentation

Online: 26 January 2023 (02:54:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0219.v3

NOS-2 Participates in the Behavioral Effects of Ethanol Withdrawal in Zebrafish

Suianny Nayara da Silva Chaves, Bruna Patrícia Dutra Costa, Gabriela Cristini Vidal Gomes, Monica Lima-Maximino, Eduardo Pacheco Rico, Caio Maximino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Nitric oxide; Oxidative stress; Ethanol withdrawal; Anxiety

Online: 2 April 2020 (11:01:26 CEST)

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