Version 1
: Received: 22 January 2023 / Approved: 26 January 2023 / Online: 26 January 2023 (02:54:41 CET)
How to cite:
Folorunso, O.S.; Sebolai, O.M. Transcription Factors and Intracellular Proteins Orchestrate Phenotypic Adaptation in Cryptococcus neoformans for Survival and Human Infections. Preprints2023, 2023010461. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0461.v1.
Folorunso, O.S.; Sebolai, O.M. Transcription Factors and Intracellular Proteins Orchestrate Phenotypic Adaptation in Cryptococcus neoformans for Survival and Human Infections. Preprints 2023, 2023010461. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0461.v1.
Cite as:
Folorunso, O.S.; Sebolai, O.M. Transcription Factors and Intracellular Proteins Orchestrate Phenotypic Adaptation in Cryptococcus neoformans for Survival and Human Infections. Preprints2023, 2023010461. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0461.v1.
Folorunso, O.S.; Sebolai, O.M. Transcription Factors and Intracellular Proteins Orchestrate Phenotypic Adaptation in Cryptococcus neoformans for Survival and Human Infections. Preprints 2023, 2023010461. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202301.0461.v1.
Abstract
Transcription factors are diverse intracellular proteins facilitating cellular responses to inducing factors via gene expression. Regulatory signalling cascades from the membrane proteins (sensors) to transcription factors (effectors) are paramount to accurate phenotypic display against external factors. This review examines several transcription factors germane to Cryptococcus (C.) neoformans adaptation and survival for human infection. These opportunistic pathogenic single-cell yeasts (fungi) possess several gene duplications and peculiar membrane proteins due to adaptive phenotypes and morphological plasticity. Consequently, hundreds of responsible pleiotropic genes have been studied to understand how these genes are induced, regulated, and coordinated. However, these findings are sparsely converged and interlinked, making it cumbersome to relate one gene to the other or group them by their functions. We reviewed several wide-ranging transcriptional analysis works associated with C. neoformans into comparable phenotypic traits that necessitate adaptation, survival, and human infection. We present a robust work that addresses several transcription factors and their inducing factors. Lastly, we converge, link, and group several of these factors according to their multifunctional expression pattern. We also provide adequate information on certain genes critical to this fungus, which could be explored pharmaceutically in drug targeting for more effective antifungal management.
Keywords
Cryptococcus; transcription factor; thermotolerance; virulence factors; antifungal; oxidative and osmotic stress; capsule; melanin; monokaryotic fruiting; mating and filamentation
Subject
LIFE SCIENCES, Microbiology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
