Preprint Communication Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

The Role of Vitamin D and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease

Keith C. Norris
* ORCID logo ,
Opeyemi Olabisi
,
M. Edwina Barnett
,
Yuan-Xiang Meng
,
David Martins
,
Chamberlain Obialo
ORCID logo ,
Jae Eun Lee
,
Susanne B. Nicholas
Version 1 : Received: 19 October 2018 / Approved: 22 October 2018 / Online: 22 October 2018 (05:42:44 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Norris, K.C.; Olabisi, O.; Barnett, M.E.; Meng, Y.-X.; Martins, D.; Obialo, C.; Lee, J.E.; Nicholas, S.B. The Role of Vitamin D and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 2701. Norris, K.C.; Olabisi, O.; Barnett, M.E.; Meng, Y.-X.; Martins, D.; Obialo, C.; Lee, J.E.; Nicholas, S.B. The Role of Vitamin D and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 2701.

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major non-communicable disease associated with high rates of premature morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (deficiency of 25(OH)D or 25D) is greater in racial/ethnic minorities and in patients with CKD than the general population. Low 25D is associated with bone and mineral disorders as well as immune, cardiometabolic and cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Thus, it has been suggested low 25D contributes to the poor outcomes in patients with CKD. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D rises progressively with advancing severity of kidney disease with over 30% of patients with CKD stage 3 and 70% patients with CKD stage 5 estimated to have low levels of 25D. This report describes several of the abnormal physiologic and counter-regulatory actions related to low 25D in CKD such as those in oxidative stress and inflammatory systems, and some of the preclinical and clinical evidence or lack of thereof of normalizing serum 25D levels to improve outcomes in patients with CKD, and especially for the high risk subset of racial/ethnic minorities who suffer from higher rates of advanced CKD and hypovitaminosis D.

Keywords

vitamin D; oxidative stress; kidney disease, disparities

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Urology and Nephrology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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