Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Improvement in Diabetic Retinopathy through Protection against Retinal Apoptosis in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Rats Mediated by Ethanol Extract of Osteomeles schwerinae C.K. Schneid.

Chan-Sik Kim
ORCID logo ,
Junghyun Kim
ORCID logo ,
Young Sook Kim
,
Kyuhyung Jo
,
Yun Mi Lee
,
Dong Ho Jung
,
Ik Soo Lee
,
Joo Hwan kim
,
Jin Sook Kim
*
Version 1 : Received: 23 January 2019 / Approved: 24 January 2019 / Online: 24 January 2019 (08:37:29 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Kim, C.-S.; Kim, J.; Kim, Y.S.; Jo, K.; Lee, Y.M.; Jung, D.H.; Lee, I.S.; Kim, J.-H.; Kim, J.S. Improvement in Diabetic Retinopathy through Protection against Retinal Apoptosis in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Rats Mediated by Ethanol Extract of Osteomeles schwerinae C.K. Schneid. Nutrients 2019, 11, 546. Kim, C.-S.; Kim, J.; Kim, Y.S.; Jo, K.; Lee, Y.M.; Jung, D.H.; Lee, I.S.; Kim, J.-H.; Kim, J.S. Improvement in Diabetic Retinopathy through Protection against Retinal Apoptosis in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Rats Mediated by Ethanol Extract of Osteomeles schwerinae C.K. Schneid. Nutrients 2019, 11, 546.

Abstract

Retinal apoptosis plays a critical role in the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR), a common diabetic complication. Currently, the tight control of blood glucose levels is the standard approach to prevent or delay the progression of DR. However, prevalence of DR among diabetic patients remains high. Focusing on natural nutrients or herbal medicines that can prevent or delay the onset of diabetic complications, we administered an ethanol extract of the aerial portion of Osteomeles Schwerinae (OSSCE), a Chinese herbal medicine, over a period of 17 weeks to spontaneously diabetic Torii (SDT) rats. OSSCE was found to ameliorate retinal apoptosis through the regulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function via inhibition of NF-κB activity, in turn through the downregulation of PKCδ, P47phox, and ERK1/2. We further demonstrated in 25 mM glucose-treated human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) that hyperoside (3-O-galactoside-quercetin), quercitrin (3-O-rhamnoside-quercetin), and 2''-O-acetylvitexin (8-C-(2''-O-acetyl-glucoside)-apigenin) were the active components of OSSCE that mediated its pharmacological action. Our results provide evidence that OSSCE is a powerful agent that may directly mediate a delay in development or disease improvement in patients of DR.

Keywords

Osteomeles Schwerinae; diabetic retinopathy (DR); spontaneously diabetic Torii (SDT) rat; human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs); advanced glycation end products (AGEs); retinal apoptosis; oxidative stress; mitochondrial function; adjunctive effect; combination therapy

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Endocrinology and Metabolism

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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