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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0377.v1

Plasmonic Sensing Characteristics of Gold Nanorods with Large Aspect Ratios

Chao Zhuang, Yifan Xu, Ningsheng Xu, Jinxiu Wen, Huanjun Chen, Shaozhi Deng

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: large aspect ratios; gold nanorods; refractive index sensitivities; SERS; plasmonic sensing

Online: 19 September 2018 (09:40:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0988.v1

Ecological Quality Evaluation of Large-scale Farm Based on Improved Remote Sensing Ecological Index

Jun Wang, Lili Jiang, Qingwen Qi, Yongji Wang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: large-scale farms; ecological environment; remote sensing imagery; remote sensing ecological index

Online: 13 December 2023 (11:24:28 CET)

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Large-scale farms are pivotal sites for the development of the agricultural industry, and the quality of the ecological environment is a significant factor affecting the growth of cereal crops. Consequently, assessing the ecological quality of large-scale farms is of great importance. This paper leverages the advantages of remote sensing imagery for long-term, quantitative, and dynamic monitoring of ecological quality over extensive areas. It develops an ecological assessment procedure suitable for agricultural regions based on an Improved Remote Sensing Ecological Index (IRSEI), which considers the coupling of ecosystem component elements. This procedure introduces a Pan-Salinity Index (PSI) tailored to the characteristics of soil salinization in farming areas and incorporates an ecological greenness index based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), an ecological humidity index derived from the K-T transform (WET), an ecological dryness index synthesized from the bare soil index and the built-up index (NDBSI), and an ecological heat index represented by the Land Surface Temperature (LST) calculated from atmospheric parameter models. These five indices are integrated into the ecological assessment system. The experimental results visually demonstrate the development and changes of ecological impact factors in the farm research area over the past decade, as well as the spatiotemporal variations in the quality of the farm's ecological environment. The findings indicate that between 2010 and 2019, the overall trend of IRSEI first declined, then rose, and subsequently experienced a slight decrease. Through differential analysis, regions and areas with declining ecological quality were identified, providing a data reference for the formulation and implementation of future ecological protection and management measures for the farm. The proposed IRSEI method offers a rapid and effective new monitoring approach for agricultural planting areas with a tendency towards soil salinization.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0158.v2

ChatGPT: A Brief Narrative Review

Bulbul Gupta, Tabish Mufti, Shahab Saquib Sohail, Dag Øivind Madsen

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: ChatGPT; OpenAI; Artificial Intelligence (AI); Machine Learning (ML); Large Language Models (LLM)

Online: 29 June 2023 (08:51:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1092.v1

Nutrition and Management Strategies in Suckling Pigs To Improve Post-Weaning Outcomes

Elisa A Arnaud, Gillian E Gardiner, Peadar G Lawlor

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: weaning; large litters; pain relief; split-suckling; enzymes; L-glutamine; creep feed

Online: 16 May 2023 (05:07:31 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0900.v1

Unraveling the Mysteries of AI Chatbots

Raj Bridgelall

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Generative Artificial Intelligence; Large Language Models; ChatGPT; Bard; Transformer Architecture; Prompt Engineering

Online: 12 May 2023 (07:47:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0195.v1

LLMs and AI: Understanding Its Reach and Impact

Anand Gokul

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: llm; impact; society; ai; large-language-model; transformer; natural language processing; nlp

Online: 4 May 2023 (05:15:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0827.v3

ROSGPT: Next-Generation Human-Robot Interaction with ChatGPT and ROS

Anis Koubaa

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Human-Robot Interaction; ROS; ROS2; ChatGPT; Large Language Model; Robot Operating System

Online: 26 April 2023 (03:54:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0090.v1

IL-1R8 Downregulation and Concomitant TLR7 and TLR9 Up-Regulation Are Related to the Pathogenesis of Canine Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Federica Riva, Joel Filipe, Antonella Fanelli, Laura Marconato, Alessia Inglesi, Eugenio Scanziani, Sabina Soldati, Luca Licenziato, Stefano Comazzi, Lucia Minoli, Luca Aresu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: dog; diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; IL-1R8; TLR7; TLR9; qRT-PCR

Online: 11 April 2022 (09:15:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0251.v1

Secrecy Analysis and Error Probability of LIS-aided Communication Systems under Nakagami-m Fading

Ricardo Coelho Ferreira, Michelle S. P. Facina, Felipe A. P. de Figueiredo, Gustavo Fraidenraich, Eduardo Rodrigues de Lima

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Large intelligent surfaces; 6G; bit error probability; Nakagami fading; Von Mises distribution

Online: 11 August 2021 (10:52:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0092.v1

Machine Learning-based Anomaly Detection with Magnetic Data

Peetak Mitra, Denis Akhiyarov, Mauricio Araya-Polo, Daniel Byrd

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: anomaly detection; machine Learning; large stand off magnetometry; multimodal data; RAPIDS-AI

Online: 4 December 2020 (07:13:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0608.v1

The Impact of Utility-Scale Photovoltaics Plant on Near Surface Turbulence Characteristics in the Barren Areas

Junxia Jiang, Xiaoqing Gao, Chen Bolong

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: large-scale photovoltaic plants; M-O similarity theory; roughness; stability; turbulence intensity

Online: 24 November 2020 (09:46:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0291.v1

Large Day-to-Day Changes in Extreme Temperature in Poland and Atmospheric Circulation

Katarzyna Szyga-Pluta

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: temperature extremes; day-to-day variability; large changes; circulation types; Grosswetterlagen; Poland

Online: 10 November 2020 (08:59:40 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Weapon Configuration, Allocation and Route Planning for a Fleet of Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles

Jianmai Shi, Jiaming Zhang, Hongtao Lei, Zhong Liu

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: unmanned air vehicles; mission planning; routing; weapon configuration; adaptive large neighborhood search

Online: 16 April 2019 (10:40:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0296.v1

Study on the Construction of Landscape Ecological Classification System for Large-Scale Coal-Power Base in Semi-Arid Steppe Region

Zhenhua Wu, Shaogang Lei, Zhengfu Bian

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: semi-arid steppe region; large-scale coal-power base; landscape ecological classification

Online: 23 April 2018 (12:48:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0422.v1

Secrecy Analysis of a Mu-MIMO LIS-Aided Communication Systems Under Nakagami-M Fading Channels

Ricardo Coelho Ferreira, Gustavo Fraidenraich, Felipe A. P. de Figueiredo, Eduardo Rodrigues de Lima

Subject: Engineering, Telecommunications Keywords: Large Intelligent Surfaces; Reflecting Surfaces; Mobile Communications; Nakagami-m Fading; Mu-MIMO systems

Online: 9 April 2024 (09:31:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1861.v1

Stability Analysis and Dynamic Simulations for Gravity Gradient of a Large Rigid Space Structure

Chenglei Tang, Jialiang Sun, Dongping Jin

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Stability analysis; Gravity gradient; Large rigid space structure; Orbit dynamics; Natural coordinate formulation

Online: 29 March 2024 (13:45:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1074.v1

Automatic Explanation Of Metal’s Phenomena By Application Of Artificial Neural Networks – Use Case For Hot Extruded Aluminum Alloy 6082

Tomaž Goričan, Milan Terčelj, Iztok Peruš

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Artificial Neural Networks; Automatic Explanation; Hot Extrusion; Aluminum Alloy; large language models; ChatGPT

Online: 19 March 2024 (14:40:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1028.v1

An Energy-Efficient Logistic Drone Routing Method considering Dynamic Drone Speed and Payload

Kunpeng Wu, Shaofeng Lu, Haoqin Chen, Minling Feng, Zenghao Lu

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: Drone routing problem; Logistics drone; Mixed-integer linear programming; Adaptive large neighborhood search

Online: 18 March 2024 (11:39:14 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0678.v1

Chromosomal Translocations t(1; 22)(q21; q11.2) and t(6; 18)(p25; q21) in a Patient with Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: FISH Analysis

Hiroaki Kitamura, Yasushi Kubota, Ichiro Hanamura, Sivasundaram Karnan, Rika Tomimasu, Michiaki Akashi, Shiho Tsuruda, Akiyoshi Takami, Shinya Kimura, Masaharu Miyahara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; fluorescence in situ hybridization; 1q21; immunoglobulin lambda; BCL2

Online: 10 November 2023 (07:25:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0139.v1

LP-based Row Generation using Optimization-based Sorting Method for Solving Budget Allocation with a Combinatorial Number of Constraints

Aphisak Witthayapraphakorn, Sasarose Jaijit, Peerayuth Charnsethikul

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: row generation; sorting method; linear programming; large-scale problem; budget allocation; capital budgeting

Online: 2 November 2023 (08:44:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1968.v1

Enhanced Detection Method for Small and OccludedT in Large-Scene SAR Images

Hui Zhou, Peng Chen, Yingqiu Li, Bo Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: large-scene SAR image; occlusion targets and small target detection; multi-attention mechanism

Online: 28 September 2023 (11:24:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2266.v1

Unlocking Gel-powers: Exploring Rheological Marvels of Acrylamide/Sodium Alginate Double-Network Hydrogels

Shi-Chang Wang, Shu-Tong Du, Saud Hashmi, Shu-Ming Cui, Ling Li, Stephan Handschuh-Wang, Xuechang Zhou, Florian J. Stadler

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: Acrylamide; Sodium alginate; Double network hydrogel; Large amplitude oscillatory shear; Fourier transform rheology

Online: 31 May 2023 (14:35:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0473.v1

ChatGPT for Education and Research: Opportunities, Threats, and Strategies

Md. Mostafizer Rahman, Yutaka Watanobe

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: ChatGPT; educational technology; research; programming education; large language model; GPT-3; artificial intelligence

Online: 28 March 2023 (04:14:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0478.v1

Order Book Dynamics with Liquidity Fluctuations: Limit Theorems and Large Deviations

Helder Rojas, Anatoly Yambartsev, Artem Logachov

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Limit order book; Liquidity fluctuations; Markov chains; Limit theorems; Large Deviations; Flash crash

Online: 18 June 2021 (12:35:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0403.v1

The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the Travel Supply Chain: A Literature Review

Eneko Ibarnia, Lluís Garay, Antonio Guevara

Subject: Social Sciences, Tourism, Leisure, Sport And Hospitality Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility; Sustainability; Travel Supply Chain; Tourism Intermediaries; SME; Large Corporations; Motivations

Online: 16 November 2020 (08:59:03 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0718.v1

Novel Therapies for Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Leonard Harris, Kruti Patel, Michael Martin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma, DLBLC, immunotherapy, chemotherapy-free regimen

Online: 29 September 2020 (15:09:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0455.v1

Effects of Transverse Groynes on Meso-Habitat Suitability for Native Fish Species on a Regulated By-Passed Large River

Valentin Chardon, Laurent Schmitt, Hervé Piégay, Jean-Nicolas Beisel, Cybill Staentzel, Agnès Barillier, Anne Clutier

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: river restoration; large rivers; transverse groynes; geomorphic monitoring; riverscape approach; fish habitat models

Online: 29 February 2020 (08:48:37 CET)

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River regulations ultimately degrade fluvial forms and morphodynamics and simplify riparian and aquatic habitats. For several decades, river restoration actions have been performed to recover geomorphic processes and diversify these habitats to enhance both river biodiversity and ecosystem services. The objective of this study is to provide quantitative feedback on the experimental restoration of a large regulated and by-passed river (the Upper Rhine downstream of the Kembs Dam, France/Germany). This restoration consisted of the construction of two transverse groynes and the removal of bank protection. A monitoring framework composed of topo-bathymetric surveys as well as flow velocity and grain size measurements was established to assess the channel morphodynamic responses and evaluate their effects on habitat suitability for five native fish species using habitat models. A riverscape approach was used to evaluate the landscape changes in terms of both the configuration and the composition, which cannot be considered with classic approaches (e.g., WUA). Our results show that the two transverse groynes and, to a lesser extent, bank erosion, which was locally enhanced by the two groynes, increased habitat diversity due to the creation of new macroforms (e.g., pools and mid-bars) and fining of the bed grain size. Using a riverscape approach, our findings highlight that the restoration improved lentic fish habitats (eel and juvenile nase species) due to slowing of the local current and the deposition of fine sediments downstream of both groynes. As a consequence, the restoration improved the habitat suitability of the studied reach for more fish species compared with the pre-restoration conditions. This study also demonstrates that the salmon habitats downstream of the restored reach were improved due to fining of the bed grain size. This finding highlights that for restorations aimed at fish habitats, the grain size conditions must be taken into consideration along with the flow conditions. Furthermore, the implementation of groynes, while not a panacea, can be a strategy for improving fish habitats on highly regulated rivers, but only when more functional and natural options are impossible due to major constraints.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0177.v1

The Akimotoite--Majorite--Bridgmanite Triple Point Determined in Large Volume Press and Laser-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell

Britany Kulka, Jonathan Dolinschi, Kurt Leinenweber, Vitali Prakapenka, Sang-Heon Shim

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: triple point; bridgmanite; akimotoite; majorite; large-volume press; laser-heated diamond anvil cell

Online: 12 December 2019 (12:47:47 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Spatiotemporal Variations in Seston C: N: P Stoichiometry in a Large Eutrophic Floodplain Lake (Lake Taihu): Do the Sources of Seston Explain Stoichiometric Flexibility?

Jian Cai, Chengrong Bai, Xiangming Tang, Jiangyu Dai, Xingyu Jiang, Yang Hu, Keqiang Shao, Guang Gao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: seston stoichiometry; source estimation; n-alkanes proxies; large eutrophic floodplain lakes; Lake Taihu

Online: 18 November 2019 (04:31:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0331.v1

On the Role of Electric Vehicles towards Low-Carbon Energy Systems: Italy and Germany in Comparison

Sara Bellocchi, Kai Klöckner, Michele Manno, Michel Noussan, Michela Vellini

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: large-scale RES; curtailments; electric vehicles; EnergyPLAN; integrated energy systems analysis; CO2 emissions

Online: 28 May 2019 (10:33:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0100.v1

On the Application of Massive MIMO Systems to Machine Type Communications

Felipe A. P. de Figueiredo, Fabbryccio A. C. M. Cardoso, Ingrid Moerman, Gustavo Fraidenraichz

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Large-scale antenna systems, 5G networks, machine type communications, channel estimation, linear detection

Online: 10 December 2018 (12:38:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1126.v1

Theoretical Study regarding the General Stability of Upper Chords of Truss Bridges as Beams on Elastic Foundation

Ionuţ-Radu Răcănel

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: truss bridges; buckling; eigenvalue buckling; large displacements; buckling load; finite element method; conservative loads

Online: 15 December 2023 (11:39:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0047.v1

Three Dimensional Hydroelasticity of Multi-connected Modular Offshore Floating Solar Photovoltaic Farm

Zhi Yung Tay

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: hydroelastic response; offshore floating solar photovoltaic farm; very large floating structure; modular floating structure

Online: 2 October 2023 (06:35:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0727.v1

Differential Large and Small Terminase Subunit Assembly Mediate Bacteriophage P22 Genome Packaging

Julia Elise Cabral, Yanfei Qiu, Abert J.R. Heck, Reginald McNulty

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Salmonella virus; viral genome-packaging motor; small terminase; large terminase; Bacteriophage P22; electron microscopy

Online: 12 September 2023 (04:43:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.2022.v1

TIVC: An Efficient Local Search Algorithm for Minimum Vertex Cover in Large Graphs

Yu Zhang, Shengzhi Wang, Chanjuan Liu, Enqiang Zhu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: minimum vertex cover (MVC); local search; wireless sensor networks (WSNs); combinatorial optimization; large graphs

Online: 31 July 2023 (11:02:18 CEST)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0751.v1

Detection of Two Phylogenetic Clusters in Helicobacter pylori 23S rRNA Phylogeny Suggests Emergence of Two Distinct Phylotype of the Species

Wenfa Ng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Helicobacter pylori; large ribosome subunit; small ribosome subunit; 16S rRNA gene; 23S rRNA gene

Online: 12 July 2023 (09:18:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0766.v1

ChatGPT for Digital Forensic Investigation: The Good, The Bad, and The Unknown

Mark Scanlon, Frank Breitinger, Christopher Hargreaves, Jan-Niclas Hilgert, John Sheppard

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: ChatGPT; Digital Forensics; Artificial Intelligence; Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT); Large Language Models (LLM)

Online: 12 July 2023 (09:09:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0376.v1

Large-Scale Printed Chinese Character Recognition for ID Cards Using Deep Learning and Few Samples Transfer Learning

Yi-Quan Li, Hao-Sen Chang, Daw-Tung Lin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Large-Scale Image Classification; Printed Chinese Character Recognition; Data Synthesis; GoogLeNet-GAP; Transfer Learning

Online: 22 December 2021 (16:31:53 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Hierarchical Pooling in Graph Neural Networks to Enhance Classification Performance in Large Datasets

Hai Van Pham, Dat Hoang Thanh, Philip Moore

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: Knowledge graphs; hierarchical pooling; graph classification; graph neural networks; FPool; large graph sensor datasets

Online: 15 June 2021 (14:32:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0313.v1

Is Improved Milk Production from Supplementation of Buffalo with Molasses Nutrient Blocks Containing 10% Urea, a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Mitigation Strategy?

Peter Windsor, Susan Martin, Syseng Khounsy, James Young, Peter Thomson, Russel Bush

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Asiatic swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis); large ruminant production; Laos; dairy; molasses nutrient blocks; supplementation

Online: 10 November 2020 (13:18:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0318.v1

Large Intelligent Surfaces Communicating Through Massive MIMO Rayleigh Fading Channels

Ricardo Coelho Ferreira, Michelle S. P. Facina, Felipe A. P. de Figueiredo, Gustavo Fraidenraich, Eduardo Rodrigues de Lima

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Large intelligent surfaces; massive MIMO systems; maximum ratio transmission; Von Mises distribution; Rayleigh fading

Online: 15 October 2020 (11:29:14 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Reassessing Dust's Role in Forming the CMB

Fulvio Melia

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmic microwave background; cosmological parameters; cosmology: observations; cosmology: redshift; cosmology: theory; large-scale structure

Online: 14 June 2020 (16:16:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0302.v1

From Local to Global: A Transfer Learning-Based Approach for Mapping Poplar Plantations at Large Scale

Yousra Hamrouni, Éric Paillassa, Véronique Chéret, Claude Monteil, David Sheeren

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: active learning; poplar plantations; spatial transfer; sentinel-2; large scale; image classification; random forest

Online: 17 April 2020 (15:05:54 CEST)

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Reliable estimates of poplar plantations area are not available at the French national scale due to the unsuitability and low update rate of existing forest databases for this short-rotation species. While supervised classification methods have been shown to be highly accurate in mapping forest cover from remotely sensed images, their performance depends to a great extent on the labelled samples used to build the models. In addition to their high acquisition cost, such samples are often scarce and not fully representative of the variability in class distributions. Consequently, when classification models are applied to large areas with high intra-class variance, they generally yield poor accuracies. In this paper, we propose the use of active learning (AL) to efficiently adapt a classifier trained on a source image to spatially distinct target images with minimal labelling effort and without sacrificing classification performance. The adaptation consists in actively adding to the initial local model, new relevant training samples from other areas, in a cascade that iteratively improves the generalisation capabilities of the classifier, leading to a global model tailored to different areas. This active selection relies on uncertainty sampling to directly focus on the most informative pixels for which the algorithm is the least certain of their class labels. Experiments conducted on Sentinel-2 time series showed that when the same number of training samples was used, active learning outperformed passive learning (random sampling) by up to 5% of overall accuracy and up to 12% of class F-score. In addition, and depending on the class considered, the random sampling required up to 50% more samples to achieve the same performance of an active learning-based model. Moreover, the results demonstrate the suitability of the derived global model to accurately map poplar plantations among other tree species with overall accuracy values up to 14% higher than those obtained with local models. The proposed approach paves the way for national-scale mapping in an operational context.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0263.v1

Precision Permittivity Measurement for Low-Loss Thin Planar Materials Using Large Coaxial Probe from 1 to 400 MHz

Kok Yeow You, Man Seng Sim

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: large coaxial probe; thin planar materials; low-loss materials; relative permittivity; reflection coefficient; calibration

Online: 12 October 2018 (08:19:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0245.v1

On the Effect of Filling Rate on Positive Macrosegregation Patterns in Large Size Cast Steel Ingots

Chunping Zhang, Abdelhalim Loucif, Mohammad Jahazi, Rami Tremblay, Louis-Philippe Lapierre Boire

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: medium-carbon low-alloy steel; large size ingot; hot-top; filling rate; positive macrosegregation

Online: 13 September 2018 (15:19:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0266.v1

Improved Collecting Line Current Protection Scheme against Large-scale Wind Generators Tripping off

Wei Jin, Yuping Lu, Tao Huang

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Collecting line current protection (CLPC); coordination protection; large-scale WGs trip-off; risk indicator

Online: 18 June 2018 (13:48:38 CEST)

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There have been several cases of large-scale wind generators (WGs) tripping off caused by untimely fault removing in recent years. Currently, the discoordination between the box-type transformer fuse protection (BTFP) and two-section collecting line current protection (CLCP) brings a security risk to wind farm. In order to ensure the selectivity, the first section (Sec-I) CLCP should be set a enough interval that is longer than the fuse melting time, and another interval is set for the Sec-II CLCP, which weakens the speed of the CLCP. When a fault occurs on the collecting line, there is no doubt that WGs cannot work too long in abnormal operation, which may cause WGs to be placed off the grid. For a power system with high penetration of wind power, large-scale WGs tripping off will cause a great power shortage, and affect the stability of the power system. The selectivity and sensitivity of the CLCP is analyzed in detail to make the CLCP speed better. Considering the fault ride-through ability of WGs, the fault clear time is an important factor to lead to large-scale WGs tripping off. Two main works are done in this paper. The first is to accelerate the speed of the Sec-I CLCP though reducing the protection zone. Another one is introduce the risk assessment module into the CLCP, which not only improve the speed of the CLCP but also ensure the safety of the wind farm during faults. According to the deference in trip-off causes of WGs, the matching functions are created to assess the trip-off risk of WGs on the spot. In the case of fault, the trip-off risk indicators of WGs are timely updated to data sharing center and open to the CLCPs. The set of risk indicators is divided into several subsets according to the risk range. The dynamic changes of the subsets during fault help to improved CLCP scheme. This scheme can accelerate protection speed based on the increasing risk of large-scale WGs tripping off in wind farms. Compared with traditional CLCP, this approach can make the CLCP combines selectivity and speed better based on the analysis of the ride- through ability of WGs.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0194.v1

The 2017 North Bay and Southern California Fires: A Case Study

Nicholas J. Nauslar, John T. Abatzoglou, Patrick T. Marsh

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: fire weather; fire climate; large wildfires; downslope windstorm; wildland urban interface; drought; foehn winds

Online: 16 April 2018 (08:00:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0095.v1

Relative Lagrangian Formulation of Finite Thermoelasticity

I-Shih Liu, Marcello G. Teixeira

Subject: Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics Keywords: relative Lagrangian formulation; thermoelastic solid; small on large; successive linear approximation; boundary value problem

Online: 27 August 2017 (11:36:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1344.v1

Gray-Zone Lymphoma: A Still Open Issue

Stefano Pileri, Valentina Tabanelli, Chiarle Roberto, Angelica Calleri, Federica Melle, Giovanna Motta, Maria Rosaria Sapienza, Elena Sabattini, Pier Luigi Zinzani, Enrico Derenzini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: mediastinal gray-zone lymphoma; classical Hodgkin lymphoma; primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma; diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; NOS; EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; NOS; morphology; phenotype; gene expression profile; mutational landscape

Online: 18 May 2023 (12:25:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1198.v1

The Moderating Effect of Auditor Size in the Relationship between Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques and Fraud Risk Assessment

Mohammad Mahmoud Humeedat

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Expert System; Artificial Neural Networks; Machine Learning; Large Language Model; Fraud Risk Assessment.

Online: 22 February 2024 (01:39:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0059.v1

Large Eddy Simulation of Pulsed Film Cooling with Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Actuator

Shen Zhou, Beimeng Hu, Guozhan Li, Hongjun Zhang

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Pulsed film ; cooling; Film cooling efficiency; ; Coherent structure; large eddy simulation

Online: 1 December 2023 (07:46:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1702.v1

Research on the Shock Environment Characteristics of Marine Diesel Engine Based on a Large Floating Impact Platform

Yu Zhang, Jun Li, Chun hui Zhang, Wei Chen, Zhi peng Du, Xiao bin Li

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: large-scale floating shock platform (LFSP); shock environments; underwater explosion; marine diesel engines; shock spectra

Online: 26 October 2023 (11:40:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1174.v1

ENN: Hierarchical Image Classification Ensemble Neural Network for Large-Scale Automated Detection of Potential Design Infringement

Chan Jae Lee, Seong Ho Jeong, Young Yoon

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Design Right Infringement; Deep Learning; Ensemble Learning; Image Classification; Object Detection; Large-Scale Detection System

Online: 19 September 2023 (03:03:46 CEST)

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This paper presents a two-stage hierarchical neural network using image classification and object detection algorithms as key building blocks for a system that automatically detects a potential design right infringement. This neural network is trained to return the Top-N original design right records that highly resemble the input image of a counterfeit. Design rights specify the unique aesthetic characteristics of a product. Due to the rapid change of trends, new design rights are continuously generated. This work proposes an Ensemble Neural Network (ENN), an artificial neural network model that aims to deal with a large amount of counterfeit data and design right records that are frequently added and deleted. At first, we performed image classification and objection detection learning per design right using the existing models with a proven track record of high accuracy. The distributed models form the backbone of the ENN and yield intermediate results aggregated at a master neural network. This master neural network is a deep residual network paired with a fully connected network. This ensemble layer is trained to determine the sub-models that return the best result for a given input image of a product. In the final stage, the ENN model multiples the inferred similarity coefficients to the weighted input vectors produced by the individual sub-models to assess the similarity between the test input image and the existing product design rights to see any sign of violation. Given 84 design rights and the sample product images taken meticulously under various conditions, our ENN model achieved average Top-1 and Top-3 accuracies of 98.409% and 99.460%, respectively. Upon introducing new design rights data, a partial update of the inference model was done an order of magnitude faster than the single model. ENN maintained a high level of accuracy as it scaled out to handle more design rights. Therefore, the ENN model is expected to offer practical help to the inspectors in the field, such as the customs at the border that deal with a swarm of products.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0543.v1

Research and Application of a High-pressure, Large-flow and High-water-based Mining Digitally Controlled Unloading Valve

Xiaochun Zhang, Jiyun Zhao

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: mining unloading valve; high pressure; large flow; high-water-based fluid; digitally controlled unloading valve

Online: 8 September 2023 (05:09:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0181.v1

Dielectric Elastomer Multi-Sensors and Tactile Actuators for Robot Fingers in Human-Robot Interaction

Seiki Chiba, Mikio Waki

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: dielectric elastomer; sensor; actuator; vibrator; stretch; pressure; large deformation; CNT spray; load cells; SS curve

Online: 4 July 2023 (10:03:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0282.v2

Design Optimization of Centrifugal Microfluidic "Lab-on-a-Disc" Systems towards Fluidic Larger-Scale Integration

Jens Ducrée

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Software Keywords: centrifugal microfluidics, Lab-on-a-Disc, large-scale integration, reliability, tolerances, band width, packing density

Online: 8 June 2021 (12:07:35 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

A New 3D Geological Modeling Method Based On Remote Sensing and Its Application in Ya 'an Area Sichuan Province

Zhaoyang Ma, Lihai Zhang, Yan Wang, Guifan Zhu, Yinping Liang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Multi-source heterogeneity; remote sensing; large-scale high-precision modeling; grid division; geostatistics; spatial interpolation

Online: 20 January 2021 (16:19:34 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0249.v1

How Fear of COVID-19 Can Affect Treatment Choices for Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphomas Alk+ Therapy: A Case Report

Antonello Sica, Caterina Sagnelli, Beniamoni Casale, Gino Svaneta, Massimiliano Creta, Armando Calogero, Renato Franco, Evangelista Sagnelli, Andrea Ronchi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Crizotinib; Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphomas ALK+; bridge therapy in NHL ALK+; ALK+ patients; anticancer therapy

Online: 13 January 2021 (12:58:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0298.v2

Cosmic Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory

Piotr Homola, Dmitriy Beznosko, Gopal Bhatta, Łukasz Bibrzycki, Łukasz Bratek, Michalina Borczyńska, Nikolay M. Budnev, Dariusz Burakowski, David Edwin Alvarez-Castillo, Kevin Almeida Cheminant, Aleksander Ćwikła, Punsiri Dam-o, Niraj Dhital, Alan Duffy, Piotr Głownia, Krzysztof Gorzkiewicz, Dariusz Góra, Alok C. Gupta, Zuzana Hlávková, Martin Homola, Joanna Jałocha, Robert Kamiński, Michał Karbowiak, Marcin Kasztelan, Renata Kierepko, Marek Knap, Péter Kovács, Szymon Kuliński, Bartosz Łozowski, Marek Magryś, Mikhail V. Medvedev, Justyna Mędrala, Jerzy W. Mietelski, Justyna Miszczyk, Alona Mozgova, Antonio Napolitano, Vahab Nazari, Y. Jack Ng, Michał Niedźwiecki, Cristina Oancea, Bogusław Ogan, Gabriela Opiła, Krzysztof Oziomek, Maciej Pawlik, Marcin Piekarczyk, Bożena Poncyljusz, Jerzy Pryga, Matías Rosas, Krzysztof Rzecki, Jilberto Zamora-Saa, Katarzyna Smelcerz, Karel Smolek, Weronika Stanek, Jarosław Stasielak, Slawomir Stuglik, Jolanta Sulma, Oleksandr Sushchov, Manana Svanidze, Kyle Tam, Arman Tursunov, José-M. Vaquero, Tadeusz Wibig, Krzysztof W. Woźniak

Subject: Physical Sciences, Nuclear And High Energy Physics Keywords: cosmic rays; cosmic ray ensembles; extensive air showers; large scale cosmic ray correlations; CREDO Collaboration

Online: 15 October 2020 (16:13:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0398.v2

Hypothetical Role of Large Nuclear Gravity in Understanding the Significance and Applications of the Strong Coupling Constant in the Light of Up and Down Quark Clusters

U.V.S Seshavatharam, S. Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Nuclear And High Energy Physics Keywords: large nuclear gravity; strong coupling constant; nuclear stability; nuclear binding energy; free nucleons; active nucleons; magic numbers; up and down Quark clusters

Online: 4 December 2019 (04:48:31 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Effect of Interlayer Cooling Time, Constraint and Tool Path Strategy on Deformation of Large Components made by Laser Metal Deposition with Wire

Yousub Lee, Yashwanth Bandari, Peeyush Nandwana, Brian Gibson, Brad Richardson, Srdjan Simunovic

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: large-scale additive manufacturing; interlayer cooling time; tool path optimization; part deformation; Ti-6Al-4V

Online: 10 November 2019 (09:04:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0326.v1

Means as Improper Integrals

John E. Gray, Andrew Vogt

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Probability And Statistics Keywords: Law of Large Numbers; weak or Kolmogorov mean; Abel's Theorem; mollifiers; summation methods; stable distributions

Online: 31 January 2019 (10:58:52 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0240.v1

Monitoring Moisture Content for Various Kind of Tea Leaves in Drying Processes Using RF Reflectometer-Sensor System

Kok Yeow You, Chia Yew Lee, Kok San Chan, Kim Yee Lee, Ee Meng Cheng, Yeng Seng Lee

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: tea leaves; microcontroller-based RF reflectometer; large open-ended coaxial probe; reflected voltage; moisture content

Online: 14 August 2018 (04:13:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0055.v1

Numerical Simulation of Hypervelocity Impact FEM-SPH Algorithm Based on Large Deformation of Material

Aimin Yang, Jinze Li, Hengheng Qu, Yuhang Pan, Yanhong Kang, Yuzhu Zhang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: finite element method; smoothed particle method; fem-sph algorithm; large deformation; super high speed collision

Online: 14 October 2016 (11:05:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0761.v1

Enhancing the Efficiency of Rotary Thermal Propulsion Systems

Xuankun Shen, Aaron W. Costall

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: wankel rotary engines; thermal efficiency; large-eddy simulation; pre-chamber jet ignition; two-stage rotary engine

Online: 15 February 2024 (03:43:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0371.v1

Is Entropy a Force of Nature?

Martin Johnson

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: dark energy
cosmic background radiation
dark ages
large-scale structure of the Universe

Online: 7 February 2024 (03:37:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0223.v1

Sequence and Biochemical Analysis of Vaccinia Virus A32 Protein: Implications for In Vitro Stability and Coiled-Coil Motif Mediated Regulation of the DNA-Dependent ATPase Activity

Uma Ramakrishnan, Tanvi Aggarwal, Kiran Kondabagil

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Genome packaging ATPase; vaccinia virus; coiled coil motif; FtsK/HerA superfamily; Nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses

Online: 5 February 2024 (07:48:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0137.v1

Observational Constraints and Future of the Universe with Dynamic Dark Energy

Florian Neukart

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Hubble tension; Cosmic Microwave Background; Large-scale structures; Dark energy constraints; Future cosmological observations

Online: 3 January 2024 (04:20:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1554.v1

High-precision numerical investigation of a VAWT starting process

Ion MĂLĂEL, Sergiu STRĂTILĂ

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: vertical axis wind turbine; large eddy simulation; tip speed ratio; vorticity magnitude; torque coefficient; vortex trap

Online: 20 December 2023 (12:01:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1588.v1

Large Strain Nonlinear Consolidation of Sand-Drained Foundations Considering Vacuum Preloading and the Variation of Radial Permeability Coefficient

Penglu Cui, Wengui Cao, XIngyi Zhang, Jiachao Zhang, Zan Xu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: vacuum preloading; sand-drained foundations; large strain; nonlinear consolidation; non-darcy flow; radical permeability coefficient variation

Online: 23 August 2023 (04:50:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0586.v1

Harbor Porpoise Aggregations in the Salish Sea

Dave Anderson, Laurie Shuster, Cindy R. Elliser, Katrina MacIver, Erin Johns Gless, Johannes Krieger, Anna Hall

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: harbor porpoise; aggregation; social behavior; Phocoena phocoena; foraging behavior; large group; transboundary; community science; Salish Sea

Online: 8 June 2023 (04:18:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0538.v1

Path Planning for Perpendicular Parking of Large Articulated Vehicles Based on Qualitative Kinematics and Geometric Methods

Inhwan Han

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: large articulated vehicles; automated perpendicular parking; geometric path plans; empirical methods; articulation angles; qualitative kinematics; uncertainties

Online: 7 June 2023 (10:44:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2034.v1

Does Iodine Intake Play a Role in Modifying the Relationship between Maternal Dysglycemia and Birth Weight?

Yaniv S. Ovadia, Dov Gefel, Yoel Toledano, Shani Rosen, Yael Avrahami-Benyounes, Ludmila Groisman, Efrat Rorman, Lihi Hen, Shlomo Fytlovich, Liora S Katz, Eyal Y Anteby, Simon Shenhav

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: iodine deficiency; glucose challenge test; large for gestational age; thyroglobulin; io-dine-containing supplements; maternal dysglycemia

Online: 30 May 2023 (04:08:48 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0607.v2

On Catalysis by Biological Macromolecular Enzymes

Jianshu Dong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: catalysis; kinetics; time; biological macromolecular enzyme; large biological macro-substrate; catalytic step; catalytic efficiency; turnover number

Online: 16 November 2020 (08:28:55 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Analysis of Random Scheduling Policy of Multi-Server Parallel System with Redundancy: Quality of Exponent

Jixiang Zhang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Probability And Statistics Keywords: probability exponent; multi-server parallel system; discrete time model; arrangement of multiple sets; large deviation theory

Online: 26 December 2019 (10:51:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0173.v1

A Population Census of Large Herbivores Based on UAV and Its Effects on Grazing Pressure in the Yellow-River-Source National Park, China

Fan Yang, Quanqin Shao, Zhigang Jiang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: UAV remote sensing; large wild herbivore populations; grazing pressure; functional zones; Yellow-River-Source National Park

Online: 16 October 2019 (04:30:27 CEST)

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Using the Yellow-River-Source National Park (YRSNP) as a study site, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing and line transect method was used to investigate the number of wild herbivorous animals and livestock, including the kiang (Equus kiang) and Tibetan gazelle (Procapra picticaudata). A downscaling algorithm was used to generate the forage yield data in YRSNP based on 30 m spatial resolution. On this basis, we estimated the forage–livestock balance, which included both wild animals and livestock, and analyzed the effects of functional zone planning in national parks on the forage–livestock balance in YRSNP. The results showed that the estimates of large herbivore population numbers in YRSNP based on population density in the aerial sample strips, which were compared and validated with statistical data and warm season survey results, indicated that the number of kiangs and Tibetan gazelles in the 2017 cold season was 12900 and 12100, respectively. The number of domestic yaks, Tibetan sheep, and horses was 53400, 76800, and 800, respectively, and the total number of sheep units was 353200. The ratio of the number of large wild herbivores and livestock sheep units was 1:5; Large wild herbivores have different preferences for functional zones, preferring ecological restoration areas consisting mainly of degraded grassland; The grazing pressure indices of the core reserve areas and ecological restoration areas were 0.168 and 0.276, respectively, indicating that these two regions still have high grazing potential. However, the grazing pressure index of the traditional utilization areas was 1.754, indicating that these grasslands are severely overloaded; After the planning and implementation of functional zones, the grazing pressure index of YRSNP was 1.967. Under this measure, the number of livestock was not reduced and the grazing pressure nearly doubled, indicating that forage–livestock conflict has become more severe.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0329.v1

Modeling of Protein Structural Flexibility and Large-Scale Dynamics: Coarse-grained Simulations and Elastic Network Models

Sebastian Kmiecik, Maksim Kouza, Aleksandra Elzbieta Badaczewska-Dawid, Andrzej Kloczkowski, Andrzej Kolinski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: protein dynamics; coarse-grained simulation; Monte-Carlo dynamics; structural flexibility; large-scale dynamics; elastic network model;

Online: 15 October 2018 (17:10:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0069.v1

Testing Ststistical Hypothesis in Light of Mathematical Aspects in Analysis of Probability

Michael Fundator

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: Principal of prediction; random sequences; recurrence; Law of Large Numbers; exponential; normal; bivariate; distribution; Entropy; Information

Online: 23 July 2016 (09:25:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0430.v1

Computational Rhinology: Unraveling Discrepancies between In Silico and In Vivo Nasal Airflow Assessments for Enhanced Clinical Decision Support

Sverre Gullikstad Johnsen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: Computational rhinology; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD); Large Eddy Simulation (LES); Nasal Airflow; Nasal Resistance; Rhinomanometry (RMM); Turbulence

Online: 4 January 2024 (17:34:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0516.v1

Development and Validation of a Compressible Reacting Gas-Dynamic Flow Solver for Supersonic Combustion

Anvar Gilmanov, Ponnuthurai Gokulakrishnan, Michael S Klassen

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Scramjet, Gas Dynamics, Supersonic Combustion, Turbulence-Combustion Interaction, Compressible Solver, High-Speed Flows, Large Eddy Simulation (LES).

Online: 7 December 2023 (11:22:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0243.v1

New Advances in Artificial Intelligence for Biomedical Research and Clinical Decision-Making

Nicolae Iftimia, Raj Pandya, Forest Mahoney

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: AI; artificial intelligence; automation; neural networks; machine learning; deep learning; large language models; biomedical research; imaging; healthcare

Online: 5 June 2023 (05:15:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0938.v1

Differentiation Capacity of Porcine Skeletal Muscle-Derived Stem Cells As Intermediate Species Between Mice and Humans

Tetsuro Tamaki, Toshiharu Natsume, Akira Kato, Nobuyuki Nakajima, Kosuke Saito, Tsuyoshi Fukuzawa, Masayoshi Otake, Satoko Enya, Akihisa Kangawa, Takeshi Imai, Miyu Tamaki, Yoshiyasu Uchiyama

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: micro-mini pig; large animal experiment; GFP-transgenic pig; multipotent stem cells; skeletal muscle; nerve-muscle regeneration.

Online: 12 May 2023 (11:18:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0412.v1

An Adaptive Layered Clustering Framework with Improved Genetic Algorithm for Solving Large-Scale Traveling Salesman Problems

Hai-yang Xu, Heng-You Lan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: Computational complexity analysis; High parallelizability; Improved genetic algorithm; Adaptive layered clustering framework; Large-scale traveling salesman problem

Online: 24 February 2023 (01:20:06 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0376.v1

Genetic Events Inhibiting Apoptosis in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma

Etienne Leveille, Nathalie A. Johnson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Diffuse large B cell lymphoma; non-Hodgkin lymphoma; apoptosis; genetics; BCL2; NF-kB; TP53; mutations; translocations; amplifications

Online: 14 April 2021 (12:32:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0213.v1

Extending the Concept of City for the Delineation of Large Urban Regions (LUR) for the Cities of the World

Celine Rozenblat

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: cities; definition; megalopolis; large urban regions; functional urban regions; urban agglomerations; world; statistical delineation; comparative urban research

Online: 12 March 2020 (13:55:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0147.v1

Study on the Best Water Cushion Depth of Stilling Basin with Shallow-Water Cushion at Different Froude Numbers

Qiulin Li, Lianxia Li, Huasheng Liao, Jingjing Wei, Shengyin Jiang, Faxing Zhang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Fluids And Plasmas Physics Keywords: energy dissipation; hydraulic jump; Froude number; stilling basin with shallow-water cushion; large eddy simulation; hydraulic characteristics

Online: 23 October 2017 (08:30:57 CEST)

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The water cushion depth of stilling basin with shallow-water cushion is a key factor that affects the flow regime of hydraulic jump in the basin. However, the specific depth at which the water cushion is considered as “shallow” has not be stated clearly for now, and only conceptual description is provided. This paper attempts to specify the best water cushion depth based on the flow regime of hydraulic jump and underflow speed; namely, in case of critical hydraulic jump in the basin, the best water cushion depth is located where the minimum distance to the bottom plate of the stilling basin is 1/5~1/4 of the water cushion depth. The theoretical analysis indicates, at different inclinations of discharge chute (θ) and depth ratios of inlet (m), instead of monotonic change, the Froude number (Fr) at inlet of the stilling basin with shallow-water cushion firstly reduces and then increases as the flow velocity at discharge chute inlet (V) increases; the parameters of inflection point (critical flow velocity and critical Fr) increase as the inclinations of discharge chute (θ) and depth ratios of inlet (m) increase. Such regularity is the theoretical basis for selecting representative study cases. The reliability of the large eddy simulation calculation results are verified by a model test; in the paper, 30 cases including five different Froude numbers and six shallow-water cushion depths are selected, for calculating the hydraulic factors such as flow profile, flow regime and flow velocity in the stilling basin with shallow-water cushion; and the varying pattern between the best depth of stilling basin with shallow-water cushion (depth-to-length ratio) and the inflow Froude number is obtained which indicates that the best depth of stilling basin with shallow-water cushion varies little as the change of the Froude number before reaching the critical Froude number; however, the best depth-to-length ratio of stilling basin with shallow-water cushion increases as the Froude number increases after the critical Froude number is reached. The study results in this paper are of reference significance to design and calculation of the stilling basin with shallow-water cushion.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0886.v1

Musashi-1 Is a Novel Immunohistochemical Marker of Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung

Yu Izaki, Vishwa Jeet Amatya, Takahiro Kambara, Kei Kushitani, Yoshihiro Miyata, Morihito Okada, Yukio Takeshima

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: pathological diagnosis; Musashi-1; small cell carcinoma; large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; lung cancer; surgical specimen; novel marker; immunohistochemistry

Online: 14 November 2023 (10:26:14 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0714.v1

Primary Cutaneous CD30 positive Lymphoproliferative Disorders—Current Therapeutic Approach with Focus on Brentuximab Vedotin

Tomas Stein, Tadeusz Robak, Wojciech Biernat, Ewa Robak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: Anaplastic large cell lymphoma; Brentuximab vedotin; CD30 positive lymphomas; Diagnosis; Lymphomatoid papulosis; Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; Treatment

Online: 13 November 2023 (08:27:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1192.v2

Investigation on Dynamic Behavior of Ultra-Large Cold-water Pipe for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion

Yanfang Zhang, Miaozi Zheng, Li Zhang, Chaofei Zhang, Jian Tan, Yulong Zhang, Menglan Duan

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion; Ultra-large cold-water pipe; Mechanical properties; Numerical simulation; Sensitivity analysis; Orthogonal experimental method

Online: 19 June 2023 (08:51:39 CEST)

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Ultra-large cold-water pipes (CWP) may present structural instability phenomenon under complex and variable operating conditions, and the current theoretical analysis rarely takes into account the influence of multiple key parameters at the same time, resulting in some errors between the prediction results and the actual deformation behavior of the pipe. Considering this issue, this paper establishes a computational analysis model of the mechanical performance of the CWP based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, considering the effect of waves, the clump weight at the bottom, internal flow and sea current, and gives a time-dependent solution of the mechanical response of the pipe with the action of multiple key parameters using the differential quadrature method (DQM). Additionally, the correctness and validity of the theoretical model are well verified by comparing the numerical solution with the theoretical results. Finally, to study the effects of operating conditions on the mechanical response of the pipe, the effects of waves, the clump weight, internal flow and sea current on the lateral deflection and maximum bending moment of the pipeline are discussed based on numerical simulation and orthogonal experimental method. The results show that changing the wave strength and internal flow velocity has little effect on the lateral deflection of the CWP, and the clump weight at the bottom can effectively suppress the lateral deflection of the pipeline, but increasing the current velocity can significantly increase the lateral deflection of the pipeline, which can lead to the instability of the pipe. Nevertheless, the effects of waves, the clump weight, internal flow and sea current on the maximum bending moment of the pipeline are basically the same, all of them increase sharply at first, and then decrease gradually until they level off, and the differences in the effects are mainly reflected in the different locations of the pipe sections. This paper suggests the design guidance of CWP in aspect of dynamic response depending on the operating condition.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0509.v1

Sensitivity Enhancement for Separation-Based Analytical Techniques Utilizing Large Volume Injection and Analyte Derivatization for Trace Analysis in Bio-Fluids

Hanan Farouk, Hager Ebrahim, Heba Sonbol, Monika Malak, Maha Kamal, Noha Ibrahim, Ahmed Shawky, Walaa Zarad, Ahmed Emad, Samy Emara

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: separation-based analytical techniques; large volume injection; solid phase enrichment; solid phase analytical derivatization; packed reactor; trace analysis

Online: 8 May 2023 (10:17:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0404.v1

On the Thermodynamics of Fermions at any Temperature based on Parametrized Partition Function

Hongwei Xiong, Yunuo Xiong

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: fermion sign problem; path integral molecular dynamics; path integral Monte Carlo; thermodynamic properties; large Fermi system; ground state

Online: 22 November 2022 (03:56:48 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Our Peculiar Motion Inferred from Number Counts of Mid Infra Red AGNs and the Discordance Seen with the Cosmological Principle

Ashok K. Singal

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: active galactic nuclei surveys; cosmic background radiation; large-scale structure of universe; solar system peculiar motion; cosmological principle

Online: 22 March 2021 (11:58:59 CET)

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According to the Cosmological Principle the Universe is isotropic and no preferred direction would be seen by an observer that might be stationary with respect to the expanding cosmic fluid. However, because of observer’s partaking in the solar system peculiar motion, there would appear in some of the observed properties of the Cosmos a dipole anisotropy, which could in turn be exploited to determine the peculiar motion of the solar system. The dipole anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) has given a peculiar velocity vector 370 km s−1 along l=264∘,b=48∘. However, some other dipoles, for instance, from the number counts, sky brightness or redshift distributions in large samples of distant Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs), have yielded values of the peculiar velocity many times larger than that from the CMBR, though surprisingly, in all cases the directions agreed with the CMBR dipole. Here we determine our peculiar motion from a sample of 0.28 million AGNs, selected from the Mid Infra Red Active Galactic Nuclei (MIRAGN) sample comprising more than a million sources. From this, we find a peculiar velocity, which is more than four times the CMBR value, although the direction seems to be within ∼2σ of the CMBR dipole. A genuine value of the solar peculiar velocity should be the same irrespective of the data or the technique employed to estimate it. Therefore, such discordant dipole amplitudes, might mean that the explanation for these dipoles, including that of the CMBR, might in fact be something else. But, the observed fact that the direction in all cases, is the same, though obtained from completely independent surveys using different instruments and techniques, by different sets of people employing different computing routines, might nonetheless indicate that these dipoles are not merely due to some systematics, otherwise why would they all be pointing along the same direction. It might instead suggest a preferred direction in the Universe, implying a genuine anisotropy, which would violate the Cosmological Principle, the core of the modern cosmology.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0250.v1

Thermodynamic Formalism in Neuronal Dynamics and Spike Train Statistics

Rodrigo Cofré, Cesar Maldonado, Bruno Cessac

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: Thermodynamic formalism; neuronal networks dynamics; maximum entropy principle; free energy and pressure; linear response; large deviations, ergodic theory

Online: 12 October 2020 (15:28:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0629.v1

Multiscale Hydro-Meteorological Factors Variations and Its Links to Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation Systems in the Source Region of Yangtze River

Jian Tang, Hui-Qun Cao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: hydro-meteorological factors; large-scale atmospheric circulation systems; South Asia monsoon; streamflows; source region of the Yangtze River

Online: 26 October 2018 (11:52:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1303.v1

Modeling Dynamics of Laterally Impacted Piles in Gravel Using Erosion Method

Tewodros Y. Yosef, Ronald K. Faller, Chen Fang, Seunghee Kim

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: dynamic pile-soil interaction; numerical modeling; crash test simulation; granular soil; vehicle barrier systems; lateral impacts; large soil deformation

Online: 23 October 2023 (05:32:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0454.v1

Phenological Phases of Water Bodies in the Boreal and Subarctic Zone of the Northern Hemisphere According to SMOS Satellite Data and Their Relationship with the Seasonal Dynamics of CO2 Concentration in the Atmosphere

Vasiliy Tikhonov, Dmitry Ermakov, Eugene Pashinov, Ilya Khvostov, Andrey Romanov

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: large water areas; wetlands; ice cover; phenological phases; boreal and subarctic zone; carbon dioxide; satellite microwave radiometry; brightness temperature

Online: 9 October 2023 (04:35:39 CEST)

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This paper presents the results of a comparison of the seasonal dynamics of carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere and the phenological phases of various water bodies located in the boreal and subarctic zones for 2012–2020. Six large freshwater areas were selected as research objects: Lake Baikal, Lake Ladoga, Gulf of Ob, Lake Huron, Great Bear Lake and Great Slave Lake. In addition, four areas of wetlands in Western Siberia were studied. The CO2 concentration in the air column over water bodies was obtained from CAMS global greenhouse gas reanalysis data. These data represent three-dimensional fields of aerosols and chemical components in the atmosphere, with complete coverage of the globe. The phenological phases of the water bodies were determined using data from the MIRAS microwave radiometer of the SMOS satellite. The comparison and analysis performed showed that the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere over the studied water bodies has a seasonal cyclical nature. The minimum concentration corresponds to the summer period due to strong photosynthesis of phytoplankton and swamp vegetation, which results in the absorption of carbon dioxide. The maximum CO2 concentration over the water bodies corresponds to the end of the winter – the beginning of the spring period, when photosynthesis processes are minimal. During this period, CO2 is being accumulated in water bodies and subsequently emitted. In freezing lakes located in the boreal zone, in addition to a stable spring maximum of CO2, a strong short-term release of carbon dioxide is sometimes observed, also corresponding to the stage of destruction of the ice cover. It is associated with the release of CO2 accumulated over the winter period, which was “sealed” in the ice and in the water column under the ice. The absence of such a release in the waters of the subarctic zone is explained by the lower biological productivity of these reservoirs compared to the waters of the boreal zone.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0659.v1

PET-CT spectrum of large vessel vasculitis (LVV) in a tertiary center: differences in FDG uptake between LVV with predominant cranial and extracranial giant cell arteritis phenotypes

Elena Heras-Recuero, Laura Cristina Landaeta-Kancev, Marta Martínez de Bourio-Allona, Arantxa Torres-Rosello, Teresa Blázquez-Sánchez, Iván Ferraz-Amaro, Santos Castañeda, Juan Antonio Martínez-López, Luis Martínez-Dhier, Raquel Largo, Miguel Angel González-Gay

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: Positron emission computed tomography (PET-CT) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), large vessel vasculitis, vasculitis, giant cell arteritis, polymyalgia rheumatica

Online: 11 September 2023 (09:22:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1461.v1

Mathematical Modeling of Gas-Solid Two-Phase Flows: Problems, Achievements and Perspectives (A Review)

Aleksey Yu. Varaksin, Sergei V. Ryzhkov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Fluids And Plasmas Physics Keywords: gas-solid two-phase flows; mathematical modeling; Lagrangian and Eulerian modeling; large eddy simulation (LES), direct numerical simulation (DNS)

Online: 20 June 2023 (15:50:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0285.v1

Large Power Transformers: Time Now for Addressing Their Monitoring and Failure Investigation Techniques

Jonathan Velasco Costa, Diogo F.F. Silva, P.J. Costa Branco

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Large power transformer; condition monitoring; transformer fault diagnosis; diagnostic techniques; mechanical or electrical integrity of the core and windings

Online: 21 March 2022 (10:47:56 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0266.v1

Adaptive Wavelet Methods for Earth Systems Modelling

Nicholas Kevlahan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: daptive mesh refinement; adaptive numerical methods; atmosphere modelling; climate modelling; Earth systems models; large-eddy simulation; ocean modelling; wavelets

Online: 9 June 2021 (12:18:45 CEST)

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