Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Musashi-1 Is a Novel Immunohistochemical Marker of Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung

Yu Izaki
ORCID logo ,
Vishwa Jeet Amatya
ORCID logo ,
Takahiro Kambara
,
Kei Kushitani
,
Yoshihiro Miyata
,
Morihito Okada
,
Yukio Takeshima
*
Version 1 : Received: 14 November 2023 / Approved: 14 November 2023 / Online: 14 November 2023 (10:26:14 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Izaki, Y.; Amatya, V.J.; Kambara, T.; Kushitani, K.; Miyata, Y.; Okada, M.; Takeshima, Y. Musashi-1 Is a Novel Immunohistochemical Marker of Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung. Cancers 2023, 15, 5631. Izaki, Y.; Amatya, V.J.; Kambara, T.; Kushitani, K.; Miyata, Y.; Okada, M.; Takeshima, Y. Musashi-1 Is a Novel Immunohistochemical Marker of Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung. Cancers 2023, 15, 5631.

Abstract

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) have recently been grouped as lung neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). Because these lung NECs are clinically malignant and their treatment strategies differ from those of non-SCLC, the quality of diagnosis has a significant prognostic impact. The diagnosis of LCNEC requires positive immunohistochemical staining with chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and CD56, along with morphological diagnosis, and insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1) has been proposed as an additional marker but sometimes experience difficulty in making the diagnosis. We investigated Musashi-1 as a novel immunohistochemical marker in 42 patients with SCLCs and 44 with LCNECs who underwent lung resection between 1998 and 2020 at our institution. We found Musashi-1 expression in 41 (98%) of 42 SCLCs and 40 (90%) of 44 LCNECs. These findings were similar to CD56 expression and superior to synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and INSM1. Musashi-1 also tended to show more diffuse and intense staining, especially in LCNEC, with more cases staining >10% than any other existing markers (Musashi-1, 77%; INSM1, 45%; chromogranin A, 34%; synaptophysin, 41%; and CD56, 66%). In conclusion, we identified Musashi-1 as a novel immunohistochemical staining marker to aid in the diagnosis of lung NEC.

Keywords

pathological diagnosis; Musashi-1; small cell carcinoma; large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; lung cancer; surgical specimen; novel marker; immunohistochemistry

Subject

Public Health and Healthcare, Other

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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