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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0083.v1

Effects of Gestational Intermittent Hypoxia on the Respiratory System: A Tale of the Placenta, Fetus and Developing Offspring

Esther Valverde-Perez, Elena Olea, Asuncion Rocher, Jesus Prieto-Lloret

Subject: Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: gestational intermittent hypoxia; intermittent hypoxia; pregnancy; obstructive sleep apnea; respiratory system; placenta; fetus; offspring; oxidative stress

Online: 2 May 2024 (12:03:55 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0063.v1

Paradoxes: Cholesterol and Hypoxia in Preeclampsia

Nancy R Hart

Subject: Other, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: preeclampsia; hypoxia inducible factors; cholesterol; dietary lipids; Hedgehog (Hh); Wnt/β catenin; membrane biophysics; endothelial nitric oxide synthase; dyslipidemia; oxidative stress

Online: 1 May 2024 (08:09:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1277.v1

Pulmonary Vascular Responses to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in a Guinea Pig Model of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Elena Olea, Esther Valverde-Perez, Inmaculada Docio, Jesus Prieto-Lloret, Philip Irving Aaronson, Asuncion Rocher

Subject: Anatomy And Physiology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Systemic and pulmonary hypertension; intermittent hypoxia; hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction; carotid body; autonomic nervous system; obstructive sleep apnea; endothelial function; vessel remodeling; guinea pig

Online: 19 April 2024 (03:30:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0575.v1

Cannabinoids and Cardiac Rhythms: Unveiling the Relationship between Cannabis Use, ECG Changes, and Arrhythmias

Behzad Fahimi, Somayeh Beikmohammadi, Parsa Rostami

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Cannabis; Electrocardiogram (ECG); Arrhythmias; Myocardial ischemia; Cardiac ion channels

Online: 8 April 2024 (15:02:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0337.v1

The Role of Tnf and Soluble Tnf Receptors (TNFR1/2) as Therapeutic Targets for Inflammation Secondary to Intracerebral Stroke and Hemorrhage

Rakan Alshaibi, Kanishka Ekanayake, Emily Barlow, Ali Ahmed Mohamed, Brandon Lucke-Wold

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: cerebroprotection; ischemia; tumor necrosis factor

Online: 4 April 2024 (06:04:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0286.v1

Plant Biostimulants Enhance Bud Break in Vitis vinifera Crimson Seedless

Nicole C Venter, Eunice Avenant, Theunis Nicolaas Kotze, Paul Norman Hills, John Paul Moore

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Vitis vinifera, Crimson Seedless, bud break, plant biostimulant, hypoxia

Online: 3 April 2024 (11:56:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0183.v1

Features of the Effect of Quercetin on Different Genotypes of Wheat under Hypoxia

Larisa Ivanovna Fedoreyeva, Elena Michailovna Lazareva, Neonila Vasilievna Kononenko

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Triticum aestivum; Triticum durum; hypoxia; quercetin; ROS; cytological analysis

Online: 2 April 2024 (10:38:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0005.v1

Hypoxia in the Blue Mussel Mytilus chilensis Induces Transcriptome Shift Associated with Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Metabolism, and Immune Response.

Milton Gabriel Montúfar-Romero, Valentina Marjorie Valenzuela-Muñoz, Diego Andrés Valenzuela-Miranda, Cristian Jorge Gallardo-Escárate

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Bivalve mollusks, Hypoxia, Oxidative stress, Reoxygenation, Gills, Transcriptome, Metabolism, Immunity.

Online: 1 April 2024 (09:51:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1456.v1

The Effect of “Proanthocyanidin” on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Skeletal Muscles of Rats

Abdullah Özer, Başak Koçak, Şaban Cem Sezen, Mustafa Arslan, Mustafa Kavutçu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: Ischemia reperfusion; proanthocyanidin; lower extremity; rat; TBARS

Online: 25 March 2024 (08:53:48 CET)

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BACKGROUND: Lower limb skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury associated with increased morbidity and mortality is common in several clinical situations such as aortic aneurysms repairment, peripheral arterial surgery, vascular injury repairment, and shock. Although it is generally accepted that oxidative stress mediators have a significant role in IR injury, its precise mechanism is still unknown. Anecdotally, it is sustained not only by structural and functional changes in the organ it affects but also by damage to distant organs. The purpose of this report is to illustrate the effect of proanthocyanidin on IR injury. METHODS: In our study, 18 male Wistar albino rats were used. The subjects were divided into three groups of six each. (Group Control-C, Group Ischemia-Reperfusion -IR, Group Ischemia-Reperfusion and Proanthocyanidin-IR-PRO). Intraperitoneal proanthocyanidin was given to the IR and proanthocyanidin groups 30 minutes before laparotomy and 1-hour ischemia led to these two groups. After one hour, reperfusion started. Muscle atrophy-hypertrophy, muscle degeneration-congestion, fragmentation-hyalinization, muscle oval-central nucleus ratio, leukocyte cell infiltration, catalase enzyme activity, and TBARS were all examined in lower-limb muscle samples after one hour of reperfusion. RESULTS: When skeletal muscle samples were evaluated histopathologically, it was discovered that muscle atrophy-hypertrophy, muscle degeneration-congestion, fragmentation-hyalinization, and leukocyte cell infiltration with oval-central nucleus standardization were significantly higher in the IR group than group control and group IR-proanthocyanidin. Besides, oval-central nucleus standardization was significantly higher in the IR and proanthocyanidin group than in the control group. TBARS levels were significantly higher in the IR group than in the control and IR-proanthocyanidin groups while, catalase enzyme activity was found to be significantly lower in the IR group than in the control and IR and proanthocyanidin groups. CONCLUSION: As a consequence of our research, we discovered that proanthocyanidins administered before IR have a protective impact on skeletal muscle in rats. Further research in this area is required.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0753.v1

Noninvasive Ambulatory Electrocardiographic Markers from Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Report of Three Cases

Motohiro Kimata, Kenichi Hashimoto, Naomi Harada, Yusuke Kawamura, Yoshifumi Kimizuka, Yuji Fujikura, Mayuko Kaneko, Nobuaki Kiriu, Yasumasa Sekine, Natsumi Iwabuchi, Tetsuro Kiyozumi, Akihiko Kawana, Susumu Matukuma, Yuji Tanaka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: ambulatory electrocardiographic markers; coronavirus disease-19; COVID-19; global cardiac ischemia; Holter electrocardiograph; myocardial remodeling; SARS-CoV-2; sudden cardiac death

Online: 13 March 2024 (07:31:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1406.v1

Could Phosphorous MR Spectroscopy Help Predict the Severity of Vasospasm? A Pilot Study

Malik Galijasevic, Ruth Steiger, Stephanie Alice Treichl, Wing Man Ho, Stephanie Mangesius, Valentin Ladenhauf, Johannes Deeg, Leonhard Gruber, Miar Ouaret, Milovan Regodic, Lukas Lenhart, Bettina Pfausler, Astrid Ellen Grams, Ondra Petr, Claudius Thomé, Elke Ruth Gizewski

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: subarachnoidal hemorrhage, brain aneurysm, phosphorous spectroscopy, vasospasm, delayed ischemia

Online: 26 February 2024 (09:42:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0945.v1

The Effect of Cerium Oxide (CeO2) on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Skeletal Muscle in Mice with Streptozocin-Induced Diabetes

Abdullah Özer, Necmiye Şengel, Ayşegül Küçük, Zeynep Yığman, Çağrı Özdemir, Yiğit Kılıç, Ali Doğan Dursun, Hasan Bostancı, Gülay Kip, Mustafa Arslan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: diabetes mellitus; cerium oxide; skeletal muscle; lower limb; ischemia-reperfusion

Online: 19 February 2024 (14:12:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1027.v1

TRIM2 Selectively Regulates Inflammation-Driven Pathological Angiogenesis without Affecting Physiological Hypoxia-Mediated Angiogenesis

Nathan K.P. Wong, Emma L. Solly, Richard Le, Victoria A. Nankivell, Jocelyne Mulangala, Peter J. Psaltis, Stephen J. Nicholls, Martin K.C. Ng, Christina A. Bursill, Joanne T.M. Tan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Inflammation; Ischemia; Neovascularization; HIF-1α ; eNOS

Online: 19 February 2024 (08:33:17 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0256.v1

Identifying Hypoxia and Glycolysis in Chemotherapy- and Radiation-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Nuclear Medicine Diagnostic Imaging With 18F-Flurodeoxyglucose – Key Role of Coenzyme Q10 Deficiency in Acquired Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Roy Moncayo, Helga Moncayo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Coenzyme Q10; glycolysis; hypoxia; 18fluoro-desoxyglucose; 18F-FDG; positron emission tomography; BMIPP; fatty acid oxidation; baseline diagnosis; pediatric oncology; post-partum cardiomyopathy.

Online: 5 February 2024 (10:00:22 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1796.v1

Retrograde Endovascular Recanalization of the Superior Mesenteric Artery for the Treatment of Acute Bowel Ischemia: Case Report

Pawel Latacz, Piotr Piekorz, Marian Simka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Emergency Medicine Keywords: acute bowel ischemia; mesenteric artery occlusion; mesenteric artery stenting; retrograde

Online: 25 January 2024 (07:12:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1506.v1

Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Injury—Adrenergic Blockade Attenuates Nitrosative Stress and Inflammation but Not Pulmonary Edema

Isabel Riha, Aida Salameh, Annekathrin Hoschke, Coralie Raffort, Julia Koedel, Beate Rassler

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Normobaric hypoxia; adrenergic blockade; pulmonary edema; pulmonary inflammation; tumor necrosis factor; nitrotyrosine; left and right ventricular catheterization

Online: 19 January 2024 (12:15:30 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0975.v1

Cellular Senescence, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Their Link to Cardiovascular Disease

Maria Camacho-Encina, Laura K Booth, Rachael Redgrave, Omowumi Folaranmi, Gavin David Richardson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: mitochondrial dysfunction; senescence; cardiac; cardiomyocyte; cardiac ischemia reperfusion

Online: 12 January 2024 (04:06:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0774.v1

Myocardial Perfusion Imaging and C-reactive Protein in Myo-Cardial Ischemia: A Retrospective Single-Center Study

Aidonis Rammos, Aris Bechlioulis, Areti Kekiopoulou, Pavlos Kekiopoulos, Christos S. Katsouras, Chrissa Sioka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: C-reactive protein; ischemia; SPECT; myocardial perfusion imaging; cardiac imaging

Online: 10 January 2024 (10:08:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1752.v1

Camphene as a Protective Agent in Myocardial Ischemia/ Reperfusion Injury

Rodopi Stamatiou, Maria Anagnostopoulou, Chrysa Rapti, Antigone Lazou

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: camphene; ischemia/reperfusion injury; oxidative stress; antioxidant activity; redox homeostasis

Online: 22 December 2023 (15:07:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1697.v1

Interplay of Angiotensin Peptides, Vasopressin and Insulin in the Heart: Altered Interactions in Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus

Ewa Szczepańska-Sadowska

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Angiotensin; diabetes mellitus; heart failure; hypertension; hypoxia; insulin; obesity; vasopressin

Online: 22 December 2023 (08:12:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1523.v1

Topical Application of Autologous Leukocyte-Rich Platelet-Rich Plasma with a High Concentration of Monocytes in Patients with Recalcitrant Ischemic Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Efficacy, Safety and Economic Evaluation.

Benedetta Ragghianti, Giovanni Antonio Silverii, Bianca Maria Berardi, Linda Luppichini, Maria Masulli, Matteo Monami

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Foot ulcer; Cell-therapy; Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia; Economic evaluation

Online: 20 December 2023 (10:18:08 CET)

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BACKGROUND: Patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI are at higher risk for major amputations and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and cost-efficacy of intramuscular injection of autologous monocyte-rich PRP platelet-rich plasma Tropocells® PRP (Estar Medical, Holon, Israel) in diabetic patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) in which revascularization was not feasible. METHODS: a retrospective study was carried out on a series of patients with type 2 diabetes, grade Texas 3C or D DFU, and CLTI. All patients had undergone at least a previous revascularization and were allocated to a surgery waiting list for major amputation. According to the data provided by the manufacturer (https://www.zuccatobiotech.it/index.php/prodotti/tropocells), the monocyte-rich PRP kit obtained a platelet-rich plasma with a high concentration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (with a proportionately lower amount of lymphocytes), a low concentration of neutrophils and an almost complete depletion of red blood cells. All patients underwent a procedure of local infiltration of autologous mononuclear cells through multiple perilesional and intramuscular injections of 10 mL PBMNC suspensions (0.2–0.3 mL in boluses) performed below the knee along the relevant vascular axis (anterior tibial artery and posterior tibial artery) at intervals of 1–2 cm and to a mean depth of 1.5–2 cm, using a 21 G needle. The procedures were performed according to the instructions of the manufacturer and were repeated at least two times (maximum 3 times) at intervals of 30 days. The principal endpoint was a composite of TcPO2 values at the first toe ≥30 mmHg and/or TcPO2 increase of at least 50% from baseline and/or ulcer healing. Secondary endpoints were individual components of the primary endpoint, quality of life, any adverse events, and direct costs. All the endpoints were evaluated at 26 weeks. RESULTS: Out of 21 enrolled patients, 13 (61.9%) reached the primary endpoint, whereas three patients underwent a major amputation, and two patients died. The median TpCO2 was significantly increased, and pain was significantly reduced. The overall mean and median cost per patient were 9,255±7,328€ and 4,001 [2,991;7,565]€, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: the use of PBMNCs implants in patients with DFU and no-option CLTI seems to be efficacious in reducing the risk of major amputation and improve ulcer healing.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1352.v1

Serelaxin Protects H9c2 Cardiac Myoblasts against Hypoxia and Reoxigenation-Induced Damage by Up-Regulation of AMPK/SIRT1: Further Insight into the Molecular Mechanisms of Cardioprotection of This Hormone

Virginia Zizi, Matteo Becatti, Daniele Bani, Silvia Nistri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Serelaxin; SIRT1; AMPK; hypoxia-reoxygenation; apoptosis; oxidative stress; H9c2 cells

Online: 19 December 2023 (05:17:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1268.v1

Prevention of Delayed Graft Function in Kidney Transplant Recipients by Continuous Infusion of Prostaglandin-Analogue Iloprost: A Single-Center Prospective Study

Massimiliano Veroux*, Floriana Sanfilippo, Giuseppe Roscitano, Martina Maria Giambra, Alessia Giaquinta, Giordana Riccioli, Domenico Zerbo, Daniela Corona, Massimiliano Sorbello, Pierfrancesco Veroux

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Transplantation Keywords: Kidney transplantation; Marginal Donor; Cold Ischemia Time; Donor Age; Acute kidney Injury; Deceased Donor; Graft Survival; Patient Survival

Online: 18 December 2023 (06:07:16 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1073.v1

Prospects of Intravenous CoenzymeQ10 Administration in Emergency Ischemic Conditions

Elena Igorevna Kalenikova, Evgeniya Aronovna Gorodetskaya, Oxana Viktorovna Povarova, Oleg Stefanovich Medvedev

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: coenzyme Q10; ubiquinol; ubiquinone; brain ischemia; myocardial infarct; intravenous administration

Online: 14 December 2023 (09:10:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0996.v1

Biomaterial Based Responsive Nanomedicines for Targeting Solid Tumor Microenvironment

Konstantinos Avgoustakis, Athina Angelopoulou

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: biomaterials; tumor microenvironment; nanomedicine; hypoxia; acidosis; resistance; tumor vasculature; targeting; stimuli-responsiveness

Online: 14 December 2023 (03:08:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0918.v1

Glutathione Non-covalent Binding Sites on Hemoglobin and Major Glutathionylation Target betaCys94 Are Conservative among Both Hypoxia-Sensitive and Hypoxia-Tolerant Mammal Species

Anastasia A. Anashkina, Sergey Yurievich Simonenko, Yury L. Orlov, Irina Yu. Petrushanko

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: hypoxia; hemoglobin; glutathione; redox sensitivity; hypoxia-tolerant species; alpha subunit; beta-subunit; cysteine residues

Online: 13 December 2023 (04:59:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0689.v1

A Data-Driven Framework for Clinical Decision Support Systems in Positive Airway Pressure and Oxygen Titration

Artis Svaza, Dana Zarina, Davis Freimanis, Pavels Osipovs, Svjatoslavs Kistkins, Vitalijs Ankudovics, Olegs Sabelnikovs, Valdis Pīrāgs, Yuriy Chizhov, Dmitrijs Bļizņuks

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: Markov decision processes; hypercapnia; hypoxia; PAP titration; Obstructive sleep apnea

Online: 11 December 2023 (14:59:47 CET)

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Background: Current obstructive sleep apnea treatment relies on manual PAP titration, but it has limitations. Complex interactions during titration and variations in SpO2 data accuracy pose challenges. Patients with co-occurring chronic hypercapnia may require precise oxygen titration. To address these issues, we propose a Clinical Decision Support System using Markov Decision Processes. Methods: This study, compliant with data protection laws, focused on adults with OSA-induced hypoxemia utilizing supplemental oxygen and CPAP/BiPAP therapy. PAP titration, conducted over one night, involved vigilant monitoring of vital signs and physiological parameters. Adjustments to CPAP pressure, potential BiLevel transitions, and supplemental oxygen were precisely guided by patient metrics. Markov Decision Processes outlined three distinct phases for sleep disorder management, incorporating expert medical insights. Results: In our study involving 14 OSA patients (average age: 63 years, 27% females, BMI 41 kg m−2), significant improvements were observed in key health parameters. The initial AHI of 61.8 events per hour significantly decreased to an average of 18.0 events per hour after PAP and oxygen titration (p < 0.0001), indicating a substantial reduction in sleep-disordered breathing severity. Concurrently, SpO2 levels increased significantly from an average of 79.7% before titration to 89.1% after titration (p < 0.0003). Pearson correlation coefficients demonstrated aggravation of hypercapnia in 50% of patients (N=5) with initial hypercapnia during the increase of CPAP pressure. However, transitioning to BiPAP exhibited a reduction in pCO2 levels, showcasing its efficacy in addressing hypercapnia. Simultaneously, BiPAP therapy correlated with a substantial increase in SpO2, underscoring its positive impact on oxygenation in OSA patients. Markov dynamic process analysis demonstrated realistic patient behavior during stable night conditions, emphasizing minimal apnea and good toleration to high CPAP pressure. Conclusions: the development of a framework for Markov Decision Processes of PAP and oxygen titration algorithms holds promise for providing algorithms for deviation in pCO2 and SpO2 markers. While challenges remain, including the need for high-quality data, the potential benefits in terms of patient management and care optimization are substantial, and this approach represents an exciting frontier in the realm of telemedicine and respiratory healthcare. Obstructive sleep apnea, PAP titration, hypoxia, hypercapnia, Markov decision processes

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0465.v1

The Thirty-Fifth Anniversary of K+ Channels in O2 Sensing: What We Know and What We Don’t Know.

Asuncion Rocher, Philip Irving Aaronson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: O2 sensing; carotid body; hypoxia; hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction; BKCa channel; KV channel; TASK channel; mitochondria; reactive oxygen species; redox

Online: 7 December 2023 (07:11:34 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0420.v1

Acetylation and Phosphorylation in the Regulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors Activities: Additional Options to Modulate Adaptations to Changes in Oxygen Levels

Martina Minisini, Emanuele Cricchi, Claudio Brancolini

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Hypoxia; phosphorylation; HIF-1 alpha; HIF-2 alpha; HIF-3 alpha, acetylation; HDACs; KATs

Online: 7 December 2023 (06:16:42 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0283.v1

Ventilation Management in a Patient with Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch in the Early Phase of Lung Injury and During the Recovery

Ana Cicvaric, Josipa Glavas Tahtler, Tajana Turk, Sanda Škrinjarić Cincar, Despoina Koulenti, Nenad Neskovic, Mia Edl, Slavica Kvolik

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: Ventilation, pulmonary; Lung Injury; Personalized ventilation; Hypoxia; Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity; Intensive care; Pneumonia; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Online: 5 December 2023 (15:24:52 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0244.v1

Translational Relevance of Advanced Age and Atherosclerosis in Preclinical Trials of Biotherapies for Peripheral Artery Disease

Keith A Webster

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: gene therapy; cell therapy; peripheral artery disease; critical limb ischemia; clinical trials

Online: 5 December 2023 (14:44:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1678.v1

Tubular Endogenous Erythropoietin Protects Renal Function against Ischemic Reperfusion Injury

Yukiko Yasuoka, Yuichiro Izumi, Takashi Fukuyama, Tomomi Oshima, Taiga Yamazaki, Takayuki Uematsu, Noritada Kobayashi, Masayoshi Nanami, Yoshitaka Shimada, Yasushi Nagaba, Masashi Mukoyama, Jeff M Sands, Noriko Takahashi, Katsumasa Kawahara, Hiroshi Nonoguchi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: erythropoietin; PHD inhibitor; hypoxia; deglycosylation; proximal tubules; distal tubules; renal erythropoietin-producing interstitial cells

Online: 27 November 2023 (08:44:10 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1336.v1

Pneumatosis Intestinalis Concurrent with Superior Mesenteric Artery Thrombosis: A Case Report

Parihar Doshi, Tushar Teraiya, Vismit Gami, Sahil Shah, Dev Desai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Pneumatosis intestinalis; Thrombosis; CT Scan; Atherosclerosis; Ischemia

Online: 21 November 2023 (13:43:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1124.v1

Cardioprotective Effect of Epiisopiloturine, an Imidazole Alkaloid from Pilocarpus microphyllus, in Rats Submitted to Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion

Pedro Ivo De Marqui Moraes, Fernando Sabia Tallo, Rildo Yamaguti Lima, Sandra Augusta Gordinho Pinto, Erisvaldo Amarante De Araújo, Rodrigo de Barros Freitas, Carolina Trabasso Ferraz De Oliveira, Giovanna Seto De Oliveira, João Vitor Gardelli Trindade, Alexia Nascimento Arias, Rafael Batman de Góes, Carlos Eduardo Braga Filho, Jand Venes Rolim Medeiros, Lucas Antonio Duarte Nicolau, Leiz Maria Costa Véras, Monica Noleto Miranda, Almir Gonçalves Wanderley, Afonso Caricati-Neto, Francisco Sandro Menezes-Rodrigues

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Cardiac Diseases; Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion; Myocardial Infarction; Pharmacological Cardioprotection; Epiisopiloloturine

Online: 17 November 2023 (05:22:27 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0909.v1

A Review of the Scope of Wearable Ultrasonic Sensors for Ischemia Monitoring

Evan Brophy, Masudul Imtiaz

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Blood Pressure; Ischemia Monitoring; Wearable Ultrasonic Sensor

Online: 15 November 2023 (03:51:00 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1240.v1

Advancements in Treatment Strategies for Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia: A Comprehensive Review

Genti Xhepa, Andrea Vanzulli, Lucilla Violetta Sciacqua, Agostino Inzerillo, Pierre Faerber, Anna Maria Ierardi, Gianpaolo Carrafiello, Filippo Del Grande, Alexis Ricoeur

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: review; chronic mesenteric ischemia; superior mesenteric artery; revascularization; treatment; endovascular revascularization (ER); percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA); primary stenting (PMAS)

Online: 19 October 2023 (10:14:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0962.v1

NanoBubble-mediated Oxygenation: Elucidating the Underlying Molecular Mechanisms in Hypoxia and Mitochondrial-related Pathologies

Sergio M. Viafara-Garcia, Muhammad Saad Khan, Ziyad S. Haidar, Juan Pablo Acevedo Cox

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: oxygen; nanobubbles; hypoxia; mitochondria; metabolism, molecular; drug delivery; cancer, stress; innovation

Online: 16 October 2023 (11:09:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2168.v1

Alterations in the amyloid protein precursor, α-secretase, β-secretase, presenilins and tau protein Genes in the CA3 Area of the Hippocampus in a 2-Year Ischemic Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Stanisław Czuczwar, Janusz Kocki, Barbara Miziak, Jacek Bogucki, Anna Bogucka-Kocka, Ryszard Pluta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: brain ischemia; Alzheimer’s disease; CA3 area; amyloid protein precursor; amyloid; α-secretase; β-secretase; presenilin 1 and 2; tau protein; genes

Online: 30 September 2023 (08:01:45 CEST)

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Understanding the phenomena underlying the non-selective susceptibility to ischemia of py-ramidal neurons in the CA3 area of the hippocampus is important from the point of view of elu-cidating the mechanisms of memory loss and the development of post-ischemic dementia. We used an ischemic model of Alzheimer's disease to study changes in amyloid protein precursor gene expression, its cleavage enzymes and tau protein in the CA3 area of the hippocampus af-ter a 10-minute brain ischemia with 12, 18, and 24-month survival. Quantitative reverse tran-scriptase PCR assay showed that the expression of all the genes that contribute to amyloid pro-duction was dysregulated within 2 years in the CA3 area of the hippocampus after ischemia. The expression of the amyloid protein precursor gene was above the control values at all times of the study. The expression of the α-secretase gene also exceeded the control values throughout the study. In contrast, the expression of the β-secretase gene reaching its maximum increase 12 months after ischemia, was below control values after 18 months and again above control values after 24 months of survival. Presenilin 1 and 2 gene expression was significantly elevated throughout the follow-up period, with peak expression of both genes occurring 12 months after ischemia. This suggests that the genes studied are involved in the non-amyloidogenic processing of amyloid protein precursor. Also, tau protein gene expression was significantly elevated throughout the observation period, and peak gene expression was present 12 months after is-chemia. Data indicate that an episode of brain ischemia with long-term survival causes damage and death of pyramidal neurons in the CA3 area of the hippocampus in a manner dependent on modified tau protein. Thus defining a new and important mechanism of pyramidal neuronal death in the CA3 area after ischemia. In addition tau protein gene modification after brain is-chemia is useful in identifying ischemic mechanisms occurring in Alzheimer's disease.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1715.v1

Percutaneous Deep Venous Arterialization for Limb Salvage of No Option Patients with Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia

Stavros Spiliopoulos, Efstathia Davoutis, Nikolaos-Achilleas Arkoudis, Kaji Sritharan, Symeon Lechareas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: chronic limb-threatening ischemia; peripheral arterial disease; endovascular treatment; tibial vessels; percutaneous deep venous arterialization

Online: 26 September 2023 (04:44:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1325.v1

Pharmacological Modulation of the Ca2+/cAMP/Adenosine Signaling in Cardiac Cells as a New Cardioprotective Strategy to Reduce Severe Arrhythmias in Myocardial Infarction

Fernando Sabia Tallo, Patrícia Oliveira Santana, Sandra Augusta Gordinho Pinto, Rildo Yamaguti Lima, Erisvaldo Amarante De Araújo, José Gustavo Padrão Tavares, Marcelo Pires-Oliveira, Lucas Antonio Duarte Nicolau, Jand Venes Rolim Medeiros, Murched Omar Taha, André Ibrahim David, Bráulio Luna-Filho, Carlos Eduardo Braga Filho, Adriano Henrique Pereira Barbosa, Célia Maria Camelo Silva, Almir Gonçalves Wanderley, Adriano Mendes Caixeta, Afonso Caricat-Neto, Francisco Sandro Menezes-Rodrigues

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: cardiac ischemia-reperfusion; cardiac arrhythmias; pharmacological cardioprotection; Ca2+ channels; adenosine receptors

Online: 20 September 2023 (08:45:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1245.v1

Hypoxic Conditions Confer Chemoresistance to Crizotinib but not to Imatinib in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Cells Depending on HIF1α and JAK2

Lena Avinery, Danielle Regev, Hazem Khamaisi, Jacob Gopas, Jamal Mahajna

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Hypoxia; CML; Bcr/Abl; chemoresistance; Imatinib; Crizotinib; 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2)

Online: 20 September 2023 (07:48:05 CEST)

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Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is the most common form of leukemia in adults and accounts for approximately 15% of all leukemia cases. The etiology of this disease is based on the presence of the oncogenic Bcr/Abl fusion protein, which has dysregulated tyrosine kinase activity. This pathological condition is the result of a chromosomal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 leading to the formation of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph). Clinical establishment of targeted therapy with Abl kinase inhibitors (AKIs) has been observed in the treatment of CML. Therapy resistance in patients with CML is due to genetic alterations in the cells of CML, specifically affecting the Bcr/Abl oncoprotein. Acquired resistance of CML patients to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (AKIs) has also been associated with the tumor microenvironment (TME). This study aimed to examine the role of hypoxic conditions in the development of chemoresistance to certain AKIs in CML. The findings of our study indicate that exposure to hypoxic conditions leads to a substantial increase in chemoresistance to crizotinib, while only resulting in a slight increase in chemoresistance to imatinib. It is worth noting that both drugs effectively block Bcr/Abl function. Furthermore, it was observed that the inclusion of the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib resulted in an augmentation of chemoresistance to crizotinib in the context of hypoxia. Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1a (HIF1a) and silencing of JAK2 confirmed that the two proteins cooperate in mediating chemoresistance to crizotinib in CML cell lines. It is noteworthy that the compound 2-methoxy estradiol (2ME2), which is a metabolite of estradiol lacking estrogenic activity, has shown efficacy in reinstating the sensitivity of CML cells to crizotinib in the presence of hypoxic circumstances. Additionally, when used in conjunction with a JAK2 inhibitor, 2ME2 exhibited activity in restoring crizotinib sensitivity in CML cells. The findings of our study underscore the significance of selectively targeting elements of the HIF1α pathway in order to achieve total eradication of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1256.v1

Hypoxic Conditions Confer Chemoresistance to Crizotinib but Not to Imatinib in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Cells Depending on HIF1α and JAK2

Lena Avinery, Danielle Regev, Hazem Khamaisi, Jacop Gopas, Jamal Mahajna

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: hypoxia; CML; Bcr/Abl; chemoresistance; imatinib; crizotinib; 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2)

Online: 19 September 2023 (07:23:27 CEST)

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Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is the most common form of leukemia in adults and accounts for approximately 15% of all leukemia cases. The etiology of this disease is based on the presence of the oncogenic Bcr/Abl fusion protein, which has dysregulated tyrosine kinase activity. This pathological condition is the result of a chromosomal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 leading to the formation of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph). Clinical establishment of targeted therapy with Abl kinase inhibitors (AKIs) has been observed in the treatment of CML. Therapy resistance in patients with CML is due to genetic alterations in the cells of CML, specifically affecting the Bcr/Abl oncoprotein. Acquired resistance of CML patients to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (AKIs) has also been associated with the tumor microenvironment (TME). This study aimed to examine the role of hypoxic conditions in the development of chemoresistance to certain AKIs in CML. The findings of our study indicate that exposure to hypoxic conditions leads to a substantial increase in chemoresistance to crizotinib, while only resulting in a slight increase in chemoresistance to imatinib. It is worth noting that both drugs effectively block Bcr/Abl function. Furthermore, it was observed that the inclusion of the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib resulted in an augmentation of chemoresistance to crizotinib in the context of hypoxia. Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) and silencing of JAK2 confirmed that the two proteins cooperate in mediating chemoresistance to crizotinib in CML cell lines. It is noteworthy that the compound 2-methoxy estradiol (2ME2), which is a metabolite of estradiol lacking estrogenic activity, has shown efficacy in reinstating the sensitivity of CML cells to crizotinib in the presence of hypoxic circumstances. Additionally, when used in conjunction with a JAK2 inhibitor, 2ME2 exhibited activity in restoring crizotinib sensitivity in CML cells. The findings of our study underscore the significance of selectively targeting elements of the HIF1α pathway in order to achieve total eradication of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0742.v1

A Network Comprised of miR-15b and miR-29a is Involved in VEGFA Pathway Regulation in Thymus Adipose Tissue from Elderly Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Subjects

Adriana-Mariel Gentile, Said Lhamyani, Maria Mengual Mesa, Francisco Javier Pavón-Morón, John R Pearson, Julian Salas, Mercedes Clemente-Postigo, Lucia Perez Costillas, Gabriel Olveira, Rajaa El Bekay

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: aging; angiogenesis; elderly; ischemia; microRNA; myocardial infarction; thymus adipose tissue; subcutaneous adipose tissue

Online: 12 September 2023 (07:09:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0432.v1

Early Versus Late Caffeine and/or Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) for Prevention of Intermittent Hypoxia Induced Neuroinflammation in the Neonatal Rat

Myra Batool, Charles L. Cai, Jacob V. Aranda, Kay D. Beharry

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Brain; Caffeine; Cytokines; Ibuprofen; Intermittent Hypoxia; Myelination; Neuroinflammation; Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs

Online: 6 September 2023 (11:12:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1664.v1

Limb Salvage and Survival in Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia: The Need for Fast-Track Team-Based Approach

Giorgio Ventoruzzo, Giulia Mazzitelli, Umberto Ruzzi, Francesco Liistro, Alessia Scatena, Eugenio Martelli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: peripheral arterial disease; critical limb ischemia; chronic limb-threatening ischemia; survival; mortality; limb salvage

Online: 25 August 2023 (02:41:49 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1410.v1

Altered Blood Molecular Markers of Cardiovascular Function in Rats After Intrauterine Hypoxia and Drug Therapy

Olena Popazova, Igor Belenichev, Oleh Yadlovskyi, Valentyn OKsenych, Aleksandr Kamyshnyi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: prenatal hypoxia; cardioprotective; heat shock proteins; Angioli; L-arginine; Thiotriazoline; Mildronate; HSP70; HIF-1; eNOS

Online: 21 August 2023 (10:05:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0918.v1

Human Preadipocytes Differentiated under Hypoxia following PCB126 Exposure during Proliferation: Effects on Differentiation, Glucose Uptake and Adipokine Profile

Zeinab El Amine, Jean-François Mauger, Pascal Imbeault

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: hypoxia; polychlorinated biphenyl; inflammatory adipokines; human differentiated adipocytes; AhR; ARNT

Online: 11 August 2023 (09:55:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0729.v1

GC-MS Based Cerebrospinal Fluid Metabolomics to Reveal the Protection of Coptisine against Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Antiinflammation and Antioxidant

Jun Jie Zhang, Ao Qi, Lu lu Liu, Chun Cai, Hui Xu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion; Coptisine; arachidonic acid metabolomics; inflammation; and oxidative stress

Online: 9 August 2023 (08:00:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0610.v1

The Effect of High-Intensity Interval Exercise on Short-Term Glycaemic Control, Serum Level of Key Mediator in Hypoxia and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

Barbara Hall, Aleksandra Żebrowska, Marcin Sikora, Szymon Siatkowski, Anna Robins

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: type 1 diabetes; high-intensity interval exercise; glycaemic control; hypoxia; inflammation

Online: 8 August 2023 (10:18:30 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0558.v1

Necroptosis in Organ Transplantation: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets

Yajin Zhao, Kimberly Main, Tanroop Aujla, Shaf Keshavjee, Mingyao Liu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: programmed cell death; donor organ condition; ischemia reperfusion injury; allograft rejection; inflammation

Online: 7 August 2023 (12:02:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0327.v1

The Interplay between Mitochondrial dysfunction and Ferroptosis during Ischemia-associated Central Nervous System Diseases

Heyan Tian, Boyang Huang, Huifang Nie, Xiangyu Chen, Yue Zhou, Tong Yang, Shaowu Cheng, Zhigang Mei, Jinwen Ge

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: cerebral ischemia; central nervous system diseases; mitochondrial dysfunction, ferroptosis; therapeutics

Online: 4 August 2023 (11:02:35 CEST)

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Cerebral ischemia, which is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, sets off a chain of molecular and cellular pathologies that are associated with some central nervous system (CNS) disorders, mainly including ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), epilepsy and other CNS diseases. In recent times, despite significant advancements in the treatment of the pathological processes underlying various neurological illnesses, effective therapeutic approaches specifically targeted at minimizing the damage of such diseases remain absent. Remarkably, ischemia causes severe damage to cells in Ischemia-associated CNS Diseases. Cerebral ischemia initiates oxygen and glucose deprivation, which subsequently promotes mitochondrial dysfunction, including MPTP opening, mitophagy dysfunction, and excessive mitochondrial fission, triggering various forms of cell death, such as autophagy, apoptosis, as well as ferroptosis. Ferroptosis, a novel type of regulated cell death (RCD), is characterized by iron-dependent accumulation of lethal reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis both play critical roles in the pathogenic progression of Ischemia-associated CNS Diseases. In recent years, growing evidence has indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction interplays with ferroptosis to aggravate cerebral ischemia injury. However, the potential connections between mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis in Cerebral Ischemia have not yet been clarified. Thus, we analyze the underlying mechanism between mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis in Ischemia-associated CNS Diseases. We also discovered that GSH depletion and GPX4 inactivation cause lipoxygenase activation and calcium influx following cerebral ischemia injury, resulting in MPTP opening and mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, dysfunction in mitochondrial electron transport and an imbalanced fusion-to-fission ratio can lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and iron overload, which further contribute to the occurrence of ferroptosis. This creates a vicious cycle that continuously worsens cerebral ischemia injury. In this study, our focus is on exploring the interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis, which may offer new insights into potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of Ischemia-associated CNS Diseases.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0249.v1

Ultra-High Resolution Electrocardiography Enables Earlier Detection of Transmural and Subendocardial Myocardial Ischemia Compared to Conventional Electrocardiography

Kirill V. Zaichenko, Anna A. Kordyukova, Dmitry L. Sonin, Michael M. Galagudza

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: heart; ischemia; reperfusion; electrocardiography; ultra-high resolution electrocardiography; power spectral density; ischemic heart disease; subclinical atherosclerosis; sensitivity; risk stratification

Online: 3 August 2023 (05:17:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1219.v1

Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Drugs in Glaucoma Treatment

Francesco Buonfiglio, Norbert Pfeiffer, Adrian Gericke

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: autoimmune; glaucoma; retinal ganglion cell; optic nerve; inflammation; ischemia; oxidative stress; vascular dysregulation

Online: 18 July 2023 (11:37:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0428.v1

Fetal oxygenation from the 23rd to the 36th week of gestation evaluated through the umbilical cord blood gas analysis

Luca Filippi, Francesca Pascarella, Alessandro Pini, Maurizio Cammalleri, Paola Bagnoli, Riccardo Morganti, Francesca Innocenti, Nicola Castagnini, Alice Melosi, Rosa Teresa Scaramuzzo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: newborn, intrauterine hypoxia, fetal hypoxia, differentiation

Online: 7 July 2023 (07:28:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2174.v1

The Effect of Andrographis paniculata and Its Derivatives in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neuroinflammation

Francesca Bosco, Stefano Ruga, Rita Citraro, Antonio Leo, Lorenza Guarnieri, Jessica Maiuolo, Francesca Oppedisano, Roberta Macrì, Federica Scarano, Saverio Nucera, Irene Bava, Ernesto Palma, Carolina Muscoli, Juan Hancke, Giovambattista De Sarro, Vincenzo Mollace

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Andrographis paniculata; Andrographolide; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Alzheimer; Parkinson; Brain Ischemia; Neuroinflammation

Online: 30 June 2023 (07:38:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1277.v1

Phytocompounds from Amazonian Plant Species against Acute Kidney Injury: Potential Nephroprotective Effects

Alberto Souza Paes, Rosemary de Carvalho Rocha Koga, Priscila Faimann Sales, Hellen Karine Santos Almeida, Thiago Afonso Carvalho Celestino Teixeira, José Carlos Tavares Carvalho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Traditional medicine; phytotherapy; hypoxia; oxidative stress; nephroprotection; antioxidant; anti-inflammatory; diuretic.

Online: 19 June 2023 (03:48:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0567.v1

Stable Coronary Artery Disease: Who Finally Benefits from Coronary Revascularization in the Modern Era? The ISCHEMIA and Interim ISCHEMIA-EXTEND Analysis

Leonid L Bershtein, Alexey Sumin, Elizaveta Zbyshevskaya, Victoria Gumerova, Darejan Tsurtsumia, Igor Kochanov, Alina Andreeva, Vartan Piltakian, Sergey Sayganov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: chronic coronary syndromes; revascularization; prognosis; ISCHEMIA; ISCHEMIA-EXTEND

Online: 8 June 2023 (02:13:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0551.v1

Detection of Brain Tissue Damage in CO Poisoning with a New Method

Sedat Ozbay, Mustafa Ayan, Recep Eroz, Ayhan Saritas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Argyrophilic Nucleolus Organizer Region; Hypoxia; Brain; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Marker

Online: 7 June 2023 (12:11:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0548.v1

Suppression of NASH-Related HCC by Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor Through Inhibition of Inflammation and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Expression

Kohei Yamada, Tomokazu Tanaka, Keita Kai, Shohei Matsufuji, Kotaro Ito, Yoshihiko Kitajima, Tatsuya Manabe, Hirokazu Noshiro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; hepatocellular carcinoma; farnesyltransferase inhibitor; hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; anti-inflammatory response; nuclear factor-κB; transforming growth factor-β; Warburg effect; reactive oxygen species; interleukin-6

Online: 7 June 2023 (12:05:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0097.v1

Hematological and Physiological Responses under Repeated Acute Hypoxia in Rainbow Trout (Onchorynchus mykiss)

Nuria Ruiz, Irene García-Meilán, Ali Reza Khansari, Mariana Teles, Josep Pastor, Lluis Tort

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: repeated stress; hematology; fish; rainbow trout; hypoxia; dissolved oxygen concentration; RDW; cortisol

Online: 1 June 2023 (13:40:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2160.v1

Wavelet Analysis of Respiratory Muscle sEMG Signals During the Physiological Breakpoint of Static Dry End-Expiratory Breath-Holding in Naive Apneists: A Pilot Study

Nataša Ž. Mišić, Mirko Ostojić, Saša Cvetković, Petar Miodragović, Zdravko Aničić, Anita Popović, Đorđe Stefanović

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: breath-holding; hypoxia; hypercapnia; involuntary breathing movement; muscle fiber subtypes; heart rate variability; wavelet analysis; multiresolution analysis

Online: 31 May 2023 (02:41:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2144.v1

SIRT5 Activation and Inorganic Phosphate Binding Reduce Cancer Cells Vitality by Modulating Autophagy/Mitophagy and ROS

Federica Barreca, Michele Aventaggiato, Laura Vitiello, Luigi Sansone, Matteo Antonio Russo, Antonello Mai, Sergio Valente, Marco Tafani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Autophagy; Mitophagy; ROS; Sirtuins; Glutamine; Glutaminase; Hypoxia

Online: 30 May 2023 (12:51:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1766.v1

Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in ECMO: Pathophysiology, Neuromonitoring, and Therapeutic Opportunities

Shivalika Khanduja, Jiah Kim, Jin Kook Kang, Cheng-Yuan Feng, Melissa Ann Vogelsong, Romergryko G Geocadin, Glenn Whitman, Sung-Min Cho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: hypoxia-ischemia brain injury; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; neurological complication; neu-romonitoring; outcome.

Online: 25 May 2023 (08:26:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1171.v1

Topical Application of Autologous Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Small Artery Disease and Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Efficacy, Safety and Economic Evaluation

Benedetta Ragghianti, Bianca Maria Berardi, Edoardo Mannucci, Matteo Monami

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Foot ulcer; Cell-therapy; Small Artery Disease; Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia; Economic evaluation

Online: 17 May 2023 (02:41:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0785.v1

Biocompatible Phosphorescent O2-sensors Based on Ir(III) Complexes for in vivo Hypoxia Imaging

Mozhgan Samandarsangari, Daria O. Kozina, Victor V. Sokolov, Anastasia D. Komarova, Marina V. Shirmanova, Ilya S. Kritchenkov, Sergey P. Tunik

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: oxygen sensing; iridium complexes; phosphorescence; hypoxia; bioimaging; phosphorescence lifetime imaging

Online: 11 May 2023 (04:40:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0386.v1

The Power of Nutraceuticals Fighting Liver Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury Through Apoptosis Reduction

Carlos Andrés Pantanali, Vinicius Rocha-Santos, Márcia Saldanha Kubrusly, Inar Alves Castro, Luiz Augusto Carneiro-D’Albuquerque, Flávio Henrique Galvão

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Transplantation Keywords: nutraceuticals; liver; ischemia-reperfusion injury; apoptosis

Online: 6 May 2023 (05:46:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0309.v1

NCX 470, a Dual Acting Nitric Oxide (NO)-Donating Bimatoprost Derivative, Preserves Rabbit Eyes from Biochemical and Functional Changes Associated with ET-1-Induced Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Silvia Sgambellone, Silvia Marri, Serafina Villano, Emanuela Masini, Gustavo Provensi, Elena Bastia, Corinna Galli, Stefania Brambilla, Francesco Impagnatiello, Laura Lucarini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: nitric oxide; bimatoprost; ischemia/reperfusion; oxidative stress; inflammation; apoptosis

Online: 5 May 2023 (06:00:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1197.v1

Coupled miR-155 Deficiency and Hypoxia Lead to the Upregulation of SLC2A3 (GLUT3) and VEGFA in the Leukemic B-cells

Elena Golovina, Tomas Heizer, Lenka Daumova, Martin Bajecny, Karina Savvulidi Vargova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: B-cells, hypoxia, miRNA, CRISPR/Cas9, leukemia, gene expression, cell viability

Online: 29 April 2023 (03:34:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1055.v1

A Comprehensive Overview of Innovative Approaches to Prevent Kidney Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Bibliometric and In Silico Analyses

Myltykbay S. Rysmakhanov, Afshin Zare, Aibolat S. Smagulov, Nurgul A. Abenova, Nadiar M. Mussin, Yerlan B. Sultangereyev, Bazylbek S. Zhakiyev, Gani K. Kuttymuratov, Mehmet Haberal, Nazanin Jafari, Hanieh Baneshi, Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh, Mahdi Mahdipour, Farhad Rahmanifar, Amin Tamadon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Ischemia/reperfusion injury; Molecular docking; Bibliometric analysis; Kidney reperfusion; Kidney transplantation; Renal resection

Online: 27 April 2023 (07:25:20 CEST)

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Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a complex pathophysiological process that can lead to severe and irreversible consequences, including the complete loss of renal function. While standardized strategies for preventing IRI during "back-table" and cold preservation are available, various intraoperative prevention methods have been proposed to mitigate the harmful effects of warm ischemia and reperfusion of the kidney. These methods include pharmacological agents, mechanical interventions, and surgical techniques such as renal capsulotomy, ischemic preconditioning, venous blood reperfusion, renal perfusion, and the use of tissue engineering techniques like mesenchymal stromal/stem cells and/or decellularization. In this comprehensive analysis, we provide a detailed overview of pharmacological agents and intraoperative methods and approaches for the prevention and treatment of renal IRI. We begin by discussing the mechanisms of IRI and the challenges of preventing it during surgery. Then using a bibliometric analysis and molecular docking of brand-new legends we showed eplerenone have the most binding affinity to Aldehyde dehydrogenase (AD), Estrogen receptor (ER), Klotho protein, Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) for preventing IRI comparing with other available therapeutics, Benzodioxole, Hydrocortisone, Indoles, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and Niacinamide. Next, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the potential benefits and limitations of various prevention strategies, including an in-depth discussion of the mechanisms of action of pharmacological agents, mechanical interventions, and surgical techniques. Furthermore, we introduce a novel scoring system for the prevention methods of kidney IRI, which takes into account the effectiveness, feasibility, and safety of each method. We then analyze the current state of clinical research in this area and discuss the implications of these methods for future clinical practice. Overall, this article provides a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers seeking to prevent and treat renal IRI in surgical settings, and introduces a new scoring system that can be used to guide the selection of the most effective and safe prevention methods.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0538.v1

The Roles of Ral-Interacting Protein 76 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in the Ovarian Corpus Luteum and Tumor Microenvironment

Tae-Hee Min, Seunghyung Lee

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Ral-interacting protein 76; vascular endothelial growth factor; small GTPase; hypoxia-inducible factor-1; corpus luteum; tumor

Online: 19 April 2023 (04:10:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0094.v1

SUMOtherapeutics for Ischemic Stroke

Paramesh Karandikar, Jakob Gerstl, Ari Kappel, Sae-Yeon Won, Daniel Dubinski, Monica Emili Garcia-Segura, Florian Gessler, Alfred Pokmeng See, Luca Peruzzotti Jametti, Joshua Bernstock

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: stroke; ischemia; neuroprotection; SUMOylation; experimental therapeutics

Online: 6 April 2023 (12:21:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0519.v1

Spatial-Temporal Distribution Characteristics and Interrelationship of Sulfur and Iron Compounds in Sediments: A Model Study in the Closed-Section of Mikawa Bay, Japan

Mitsuyasu Waku, Ryota Sone, Tetsunori Inoue, Toshiro Ishida, Teruaki Suzuki

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: dissolved sulfide; iron; hypoxia; buffering capacity; environmental restoration; coastal waters; Mikawa Bay; dead zone

Online: 30 March 2023 (02:58:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0444.v1

The Matrix Receptor CD44 Is Present in Astrocytes Throughout the Human CNS and Accumulates in Hypoxia and Seizures

Osama Al Dalahmah, Alexander A Sosunov, Yu Sun, Yang Liu, Nsikan Akpan, Nacoya Madden, E. Sander Connolly, Carol M Troy, Guy M McKhann II, James E. Goldman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: CD44; astrocytes; hypoxia; seizures; interlaminar astrocytes

Online: 27 March 2023 (04:19:41 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0373.v1

Plasma Galectin-4 Levels are Increased after Stroke in Mice and Humans

Joao Vieira, Amra Jujic, Hana Matuskova, Peter M. Nilsson, Ulf Lindblad, Michael Hecht Olsen, João M.N. Duarte, Anja Meissner, Martin Magnusson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: ischemia; cardiovascular disease; diabetes; obesity; galectins

Online: 21 March 2023 (07:56:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0425.v1

Obstructive Sleep Apnea as a Cause of Gout

Burton Abrams, Peter Delannoy, Richard Johnson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: sleep apnea; hypoxia; gout; hyperuricemia; urate; metabolic comorbidities

Online: 24 February 2023 (09:31:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0344.v1

Endothelial Function and Hypoxic-Hyperoxic Preconditioning in Coronary Surgery with a Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Randomized Clinical Trial

Irina A. Mandel, Yuriy K. Podoksenov, Sergey L. Mikheev, Irina V. Suhodolo, Yulia S. Svirko, Vladimir M. Shipulin, Andrey G. Yavorovskiy, Andrey I. Yaroshetskiy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: oxygen transport; cardioprotection; hypoxic-hyperoxic preconditioning; ischemia-reperfusion injury; cardiopulmonary bypass; endothelial damage markers

Online: 20 February 2023 (15:14:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0276.v1

Hypoxia-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis Exacerbates Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy and Myocardial Injury through p38 MAPK Pathway in SD Rats

Xiaoxu Li, Zhijun Pu, Gang Xu, Yidong Yang, Yu Cui, Xiaoying Zhou, Chenyuan Wang, Zhifeng Zhong, Simin Zhou, Jun Yi, Fabo Shan, Chengzhong Yang, Li Jiao, Dewei Chen, Jian Huang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Hypoxia; p38; Apoptosis; Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy; Myocardial Injury

Online: 16 February 2023 (07:21:53 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0107.v1

Non-invasive Assessment of Vascular Circulation Based on Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF)

Andrzej Marcinek, Joanna Katarzynska, Leslaw Sieron, Robert Skokowski, Jacek Zielinski, Jerzy Gebicki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: flow mediated skin fluorescence; FMSF technique; NADH fluorescence; microcirculation; flowmo-tion; reactive hyperemia response; RHR; hypoxia sensitivity; HS; normoxia oscillatory index; NOI

Online: 7 February 2023 (02:14:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0420.v1

Hydrolytic Enzymes, Proteases, Permeases, and Transporters as Cryptococcus neoformans Weapons in Human Infections

Olufemi Samuel Folorunso, Olihile Moses Sebolai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Cryptococcus; extracellular protease; biofilm, secretory vesicles; hypoxia; hydrolytic enzyme; homeostasis; transcription factors; membrane permeases; membrane transporters

Online: 24 January 2023 (03:08:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0152.v1

Eugenio Martelli, Matilde Zamboni, Giovanni Sotgiu, Laura Saderi, Massimo Federici, Giuseppe Massimo Sangiorgi, Mariangela Valentina Puci, Allegra Rosa Martelli, Teresa Messina, Paolo Frigatti, Maria Pia Borrelli, Carlo Ruotolo, Ilaria Ficarelli, Paolo Rubino, Francesco Pezzo, Luciano Carbonari, Andrea Angelini, Edoardo Galeazzi, Luca Calia Di Pinto, Franco Michelino Fiore, Armado Palmieri, Giorgio Ventoruzzo, Giulia Mazzitelli, Franco Ragni, Antonio Bozzani, Enzo Forliti, Claudio Castagno, Pietro Volpe, Mafalda Massara, Diego Moniaci, Elisa Pagliasso, Tania Peretti, Mauro Ferrari, Nicola Troisi, Pietro Modugno, Maurizio Maiorano, Umberto Marcello Bracale, Marco Panagrosso, Mario Monaco, Giovanni Giordano, Giuseppe Natalicchio, Antonella Biello, Giovanni Maria Celoria, Alessio Amico, Mauro Di Bartolo, Massimiliano Martelli, Roberta Munaó, Davide Razzano, Giovanni Colacchio, Francesco Bussetti, Gaetano Lanza, Antonio Cardini, Bartolomeo Di Benedetto, Mario De Laurentis, Maurizio Taurino, Pasqualino Sirignano, Pierluigi Cappiello, Andrea Esposito, Santi Trimarchi, Silvia Romagnoli, Andrea Padricelli, Giorgio Giudice, Adolfo Crinisio, Giovanni Di Nardo, Giuseppe Battaglia, Rosario Tringale, Salvatore De Vivo, Rita Compagna, Valerio Stefano Tolva, Ilenia D'Alessio, Ruggiero Curci, Simona Giovannetti, Giuseppe D'Arrigo, Giusi Basile, Dalmazio Frigerio, Gian Franco Veraldi, Luca Mezzetto, Arnaldo Ippoliti, Fabio Massimo Oddi, Alberto Maria Settembrini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: chronic limb-threatening ischemia; outcome; sex; age; limb salvage

Online: 8 December 2022 (09:39:30 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0030.v1

Controls of Central and Peripheral Blood Pressure and Hemorrhagic/Hypovolemic Shock

Amaresh K. Ranjan, Anil Gulati

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Disorder; Hypertension; Hypotension; Hypoxia; Baroreflex; Hemorrhagic Shock; Hypovolemic Shock; Vasopressure; Resuscitation; Centhaquine (Lyfaquin); Sympathetic System; Parasympathetic System; Adrenoreceptors

Online: 2 December 2022 (02:00:06 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0170.v1

The Wound Microenvironment and Recent Therapeutic Advances to Treat Wounds

Kevin Dzobo, Fatemeh Tavakoli Foroushani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: wound healing; inflammation; microenvironment; stem cells; extracellular matrix; hypoxia; growth factors

Online: 9 November 2022 (03:41:12 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0450.v1

The Tumor Microenvironment in Tumorigenesis and Therapy Resistance Revisited

Kevin Dzobo, Dimakatso Senthebane, Collet Dandara

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Tumor microenvironment; stromal cells; immune cells; ECM; cancer hallmarks; hypoxia; exosomes; drug resistance; targeted therapy

Online: 28 October 2022 (09:57:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0180.v1

Sustainability of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Apheresis in Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) - Results from a Supplementary Data Analysis of the Explorative CAMI-1 Study

Horst Skarabis, Jan Torzewski, Wolfgang Ries, Franz Heigl, Christoph D. Garlichs, Rudolf Kunze, Ahmed Sheriff

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: C-reactive protein; STEMI; AMI; CRP apheresis; CMR; MRI; infarct size; inflammation; inflammatory mediators; ischaemia; hypoxia; phagocytosis

Online: 12 October 2022 (13:41:12 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0457.v2

Synchronizing Cancer Research Worldwide, a Way of Overcoming Resistance to Anti-angiogenic Drugs

Kumara Swamy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Anti-angiogenic; HIF-1 α; Normalization-window; research; hypoxia; resistance; SBRT; Immunotherapy

Online: 7 October 2022 (09:45:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0462.v1

Small Extracellular Vesicles from Hypoxic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells induce Oxygen-dependent Cell Invasion

Bianca Cruz Pachane, Ana Carolina Caetano Nunes, Thais Regiani Cataldi, Kelli Cristina Micocci, Bianca Caruso Moreira, Carlos Alberto Labate, Heloisa Sobreiro Selistre-de-Araujo, Wanessa Fernanda Altei

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Hypoxia; Extracellular vesicles; Breast Cancer; Cell Invasion

Online: 26 August 2022 (14:08:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0352.v1

A Novel Mitophagy Enhancer Protects Cardiomyocytes against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation

Xin Yan, Xiang Gao, Shanshan Hou, Steffen Jockusch, K Michael Gibson, Lanrong Bi

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Oxidative Stress, Free radical scavenging, Autophagy, Ischemia/reperfusion injury, Hypox-ia/reoxygenation, Mitophagy

Online: 18 August 2022 (14:33:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0158.v1

Regulation Microglia Activation Mediated Neuroinflammation to Ameliorate Ischemia-reperfusion Injury via STAT5-NF-κB Pathway in Ischemic Stroke

Zhijun Pu, Shengnan Xia, Pengfei Shao, Xinyu Bao, Dan Wu, Yun Xu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: dauricine; STAT5; NF-κB; Inflammation; Ischemia-reperfusion injury

Online: 8 August 2022 (13:18:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0043.v1

Upregulation of Cytoglobin in 3D-cultures of Head and Neck Cancer Cells: Role of Hypoxia and Implications for Cisplatin Resistance

Garret Rochford, Rameeza Basar, Rose Dhiman, Djeren Simitdjioglu, Lorna S Thorne, Lakis Liloglou, Janet M. Risk, Nikolas J Hodges

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: cytoglobin; spheroids; hypoxia; HIF1A; head and neck cancer

Online: 2 August 2022 (06:23:18 CEST)

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Cytoglobin has been implicated in a range of pathological conditions including fibrosis and cancer, where cytoglobin expression is linked to hypoxia- and drug-resistance. One disease where there is evidence of a role for cytoglobin is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, a disease with a poor prognosis and where clinical resistance to platinum-based drugs is common. In the current study, we demonstrate that 3D-culture of head and neck cancer cells (PE/CA-PJ41, Liv-22K) and normal oral keratinocyte cells (NOK-hTERT) results in changes in sensitivity to cisplatin cytotoxicity compared to 2D-cultures. Relative to 2D-cultures, 3D-cultures of PE/CA-PJ41 and NOK-hTERT cells demonstrated increased cisplatin resistance. In contrast, 3D-cultures of Liv-22K cells were more sensitive to cisplatin. Evidence for cisplatin genotoxicity was observed in the form of GADD45A activation in PE/CA-PJ41 cells but not the other two cell types investigated. Furthermore, DNA-strand breaks were also detected by the alkaline comet assay in PE/CA-PJ41 cells although levels were not significantly affected by 3D-culture. Cytoglobin expression levels were elevated by 3D-culture in all three cell lines investigated and there were also changes in expression of genes related to cell division (MKI57, GJB6), cell adhesion (CDH1), stress response (NFkB, NQO1) and apoptosis (Casp3) but these changes were cell line specific. We also observed consistent transcriptional activation of HIF1a in 3D-cultures of all three cell lines, suggestive of hypoxic conditions in spheroids. In support of a direct role of hypoxia in cytoglobin induction, the HIF1a stabiliser cobalt chloride also induced cytoglobin expression in spheroids. Transcriptomic profiling of PE/CA-PJ41 cells over-expressing cytoglobin identified 121 differentially regulated genes, when cells were cultured under hypoxic conditions. Major changes identified included, upregulation of G1/S cell cycle regulation as well as wnt- and RhoGTPase-signalling pathways. In conclusion, 3D-cultures are a useful model to further study the biological function of cytoglobin in head and neck cancer and we provide evidence that further supports a role for cytoglobin in hypoxia-dependent cellular proliferation and phenotypic changes that could contribute to cisplatin resistance in vivo.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0171.v1

The Effects of Chronic Stress on Neuroanatomy and Cognitive Function

Niki Viradia, Jesica Godinez Paredes, Syed Hassan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Alzheimer’s; aging; amygdala; brain plasticity; CA1; CA3; chronic stress; cognition; GABA; HIF-1; hippocampus; hypoxia; neurogenesis; Parkinson’s; prefrontal cortex; PSA-NCAM; ROS; spatial learning

Online: 12 July 2022 (04:25:55 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0316.v1

The Stroma and Tumor Microenvironment Are Not the Most Instrumental Players in Tumor Cells Immune Evasion, Growth, and Resistance to Therapy

Hatem Tallima, Rashika El Ridi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Cancer surgery; Cancer radiotherapy; Cancer immunotherapy; Cancer stroma; Cancer-associated fibroblasts; Carcinogenesis; Cancer resistance to immunotherapy; Exosomes; Hypoxia; Neutrophil extracellular traps; Sphingomyelin; Neutral sphingomyelinase; Tumor microenvironment; Tumor-associated macrophages

Online: 22 June 2022 (10:25:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0230.v1

How the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic Impacted Patients’ Care in the Vascular Surgery Divisions of the Southern Regions of the Italian Peninsula

Eugenio Martelli, Giovanni Sotgiu, Laura Saderi, Massimo Federici, Giuseppe Sangiorgi, Matilde Zamboni, Allegra Rosa Martelli, Giancarlo Accarino, Giuseppe Bianco, Francesco Bonanno, Umberto Marcello Bracale, Enrico Cappello, Giovanni Cioffi, Giovanni Colacchio, Adolfo Crinisio, Salvatore De Vivo, Carlo Patrizio Dionisi, Loris Flora, Giovanni Impedovo, Francesco Intrieri, Luca Iorio, Gabriele Maritati, Piero Modugno, Mario Monaco, Giuseppe Natalicchio, Vincenzo Palazzo, Fernando Petrosino, Francesco Pompeo, Raffaele Pulli, Davide Razzano, Maurizio Ruggero Ruggieri, Carlo Ruotolo, Paolo Sangiuolo, Gennaro Vigliotti, Pietro Volpe, Antonella Biello, Pietro Boggia, Michelangelo Boschetti, Enrico Maria Centritto, Flavia Condò, Lucia Cucciolillo, Amodio Salvatore D'Amodio, Mario De Laurentis, Claudio Desantis, Daniela Di Lella, Giovanni Di Nardo, Angelo Disabato, Ilaria Ficarelli, Angelo Gasparre, Antonio Nicola Giordano, Alessandro Luongo, Mafalda Massara, Vincenzo Molinari, Andrea Padricelli, Marco Panagrosso, Anna Petrone, Serena Pisanello, Roberto Prunella, Michele Tedesco, Alberto Maria Settembrini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: COVID-19; carotid stenosis; abdominal aortic aneurysm; chronic limb-threatening ischemia; amputation; deep venous thrombosis

Online: 16 June 2022 (04:40:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0214.v1

Theory and Applications of the (Cardio) Genomic Fabric Approach to Post-Ischemic and Hypoxia-Induced Heart Failure

Dumitru Andrei Andrei Iacobas, Lei Xi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Adra1b; cardiac ischemia; hypoxia; Crem; gene expression control; gene expression coordination; gene hierarchy; heart failure; transcriptomic stoichiometry

Online: 15 June 2022 (07:37:53 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0145.v1

Mirage or Miracle—Intraovarian Autologous Platelet Cytokines for Infertility and Menopause

E. Scott Sills

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: ovary; PRP; senescence; rejuvenation; hypoxia; telomere length

Online: 9 June 2022 (11:16:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0034.v1

Ca²⁺ Signaling and Hypoxia/Acidic Tumour Microenvironment Interplay in Tumour Progression

Madelaine Magalie Audero, Natalia Prevarskaya, Alessandra Fiorio Pla

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Ca2+ signaling; TRP channels; SOC channels; PIEZO channels tumour acidic microenvironment; hypoxia; tumour progression

Online: 2 June 2022 (11:10:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0184.v1

Amyloid Precursor Protein, Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-Secretases Expression in Penumbra Cells after Photothrombotic Stroke. Evaluation of the Neuroprotective Effect of Secretase Inhibitors

Svetlana Sharifulina, Valeria Guzenko, Alexandr Logvinov, Andrey Khaitin, Yuliya Kalyuzhnaya, Natalia Dobaeva, Yan Li, Lei Chen, Вin He, Svetlana Demyanenko

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: amyloid precursor protein; photothrombotic stroke; ischemia; alpha-secretase; beta-secretase; gamma-secretase

Online: 13 May 2022 (08:39:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0030.v1

Right Ventricular Hypertrophy among COVID-19 Patients

Safia Haniya Yusuf, Jeffrey L. Ram

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: animal models; cardiac aftereffects; COVID-19; hypoxia; echocardiogram; pulmonary hypertension; right ventricular dilatation; right ventricular hypertrophy

Online: 5 May 2022 (09:36:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0118.v1

SARS-CoV-2-Infection (COVID-19): Clinical Course and Cause(s) of Death

Giuliano Ramadori

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2-infection; dehydration; hypoalbuminemia; pulmonary hypoxia; hyaline memrane; pulmonary engorgement; lung weight; acute respiratory distress syndrome; diffuse alveolar damage (DAD)

Online: 13 April 2022 (08:27:30 CEST)

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ABSTRACT Two years after first patients approached the emergency rooms of hospitals in Wuhan becouse of respiratory distress,thousend of SARS-CoV-2 infected persons continue to die every day worldwide.SARS-CoV-2-infected patients undergo a process of dehydration and malnutrition before they develop respiratory problems and approach the emergency room of a hospital.This is,in many cases, the consequence of high fever which causes massive loss of fluids. In addition loss of appetite, is responsible for the deficit of protein intake.Most of the virus-infected patients admitted to the emergency room are therefore hypovolemic and hypoproteinemic and suffer of respiratory distress accompanied by ground grass opacities at CT-scan of the lungs.Critically ill patients are treated following the guidelines for treatment of septic shock but with „conservative“ fluid replacement and administration of diuretics to assure sufficient hourly urine production. The combination of conservative fluid administration with reduced protein content in the enterally administered diet, together with administration of diuretics, has severe hemodynamic consequenses in mostly aged,dehydrated,critically ill patients. Many of them will develop acute kidney injury in the next 24 hours.In most of the cases, patients continue to loose weight by loosing skeletal muscle mass. Ischemic damage in the lung capillaries is responsible for the acute respiratory distreass syndrome (ARDS) and for the hallmark of autoptic findings,diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) characterized by hyaline membrane formation,fluid invasion of the alveoli recruitment of some inflammatory cells and progressive arrest of blood flow in the pulmonary vessels.The consequence is progressive congestion , increase of lung weight and progressive hypoxia (progressive severity of ARDS).Sequestration of blood in the lungs worsen hypovolemia and ischemia in different organs.This is most probably responsible for recruitment of inflammatory cells and for persistance of elevated serum levels of positive acute-phase markers and of hypoalbuminemia. Autoptic studies have been performed mostly in patients who died in the ICU after SARS-CoV-2-infection because of progessive ARDS.In those patients, tubulus epithelium necrosis in the kidney is a frequent finding as it has been the case in the first SARS-CoV-1 pandemic.In the death certification charts, many times weeks after first symptoms have started ,cardiac arrest is the cause of death after respitatory insufficiency.Replacement therapy with sufficient amount of fluid and albumin should be part of the early individualized life-saving supportive measures avoiding mechanical ventilation.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0301.v1

Acute Heart Failure, 90-day Mortality—and Gravitational Ischemia in the Brain

J. Howard Jaster, Giulia Ottaviani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Heart Failure; Gravity; Ischemia; Brain

Online: 22 March 2022 (12:38:29 CET)

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During the 90 days following hospitalization for acute heart failure, ejection fraction and type of discharge medications have been shown in clinical trials to have little effect on mortality. We examined the recent literature addressing brain-related etiologies of sudden death following heart failure. Two mechanisms of sudden unexpected death have been suggested to possibly result from 4 significant influences on pathophysiology in the brain. The two causes of death are severe cardiac arrhythmia, and neurogenic pulmonary edema. They are both mediated through the brainstem autonomic nuclei generally, and executed specifically through the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve. The four significant influences on pathophysiology in the brainstem autonomic nuclei are: 1) Hyper-stimulation of neurons in the solitary tract nucleus, increasing their metabolic requirements; 2) Inadequate blood flow at a vascular watershed terminus; 3) Additionally decreased blood flow following vasoconstriction related to relative hyperventilation and decreased pCO2 levels; 4) Gravitational ischemia in the brain—caused by the weight of the brain mass sitting above the brainstem. Changes in head tilt release gravitational ischemia in the brain. There is no specific head position (relative to gravity) that is considered favorable or unfavorable for an extended period of time (i.e. more than 24 hours). Even a small degree of head elevation, used in managing pulmonary congestion, may increase gravitational ischemia in the posterior fossa and brainstem. In this paper we suggest a new and important research avenue for intervening in cardiac arrhythmias, and preventing their occurrence, through the non-invasive use of head-tilting, and other head repositioning maneuvers. This could potentially help many geriatric patients with heart failure, who have decreased mobility in bed, and who tend to stay in one position longer, thereby increasing gravitational ischemia in the brain.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0349.v1

Identification of Novel Direct Small-Molecule Inhibitors against HIF-2A using Structure-based Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Behnaz Yazdani, Peter A.C. Wing, Francisco J. Enguita, Hajar Sirous

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Hypoxia-inducible factor; cancer; hypoxia; drug discovery; medicinal chemistry; virtual screening; molecular dynamics simulation; MM-PBSA; Drug discovery

Online: 28 February 2022 (08:40:24 CET)

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