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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1705.v1

Peri-Carotid Adipose Tissue and Atherosclerosis at Carotid Bifurcation

Joana Ferreira, Adhemar Longatto-Filho, Ana Dionísio, Margarida Correia-Neves, Pedro Cunha, Armando Mansilha

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: atherosclerosis; carotid stenosis; perivascular adipose tissue; “acute culprit”; carotid stenosis; extra-media thickness

Online: 22 December 2023 (05:02:16 CET)

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Vulnerable carotid plaques are responsible for 20% of the ischemic strokes. The identification of those asymptomatic carotid plaques that will become symptomatic is essential but remains unclear. Our main goal was to investigate whether the amount of the peri-carotid adipose tissue, estimated by the extra-media thickness (EMT) is associated with the atherosclerotic characteristics at the carotid bifurcation in patients with PAD. An observational, prospective, single-center, longitudinal study was conducted. 177 patients performed carotid Doppler-ultrasound. The following data was collected: EMT, intima-media thickness (IMT), presence of carotid plaques, area of the highest plaque, and grade of internal carotid stenosis. From each carotid bifurcation a right and left EMT was determined. We analyzed both the mean EMT (calculated as the mean between the right and the left EMT) and the EMT ipsilateral to the carotid bifurcation. The presence of carotid plaques was associated with a higher mean EMT, [Median=1.14; IQR=0.66 versus Median=0.97; IQR=0.40; p=.001]. A positive correlation was found between mean EMT and IMT (right: ρ=.20; p=.010; left: ρ=.21; p=.007) and between mean EMT and area of the largest carotid plaque (right: ρ=.17; p=.036; left: ρ=.22; p=.004). Left carotid stenosis ≥ 70% was associated with higher mean EMT. [Median=1.55; IQR=0.68 versus Median=1.00; IQR=0.46; p=.019]. Patients with “acute culprit” carotid stenosis had a higher ipsilateral EMT [Left ipsilateral EMT: Median=1.46; IQR=0.63; “non-acute”: Median=0.94; IQR=0.43; p=.009; Right ipsilateral EMT: Median=2.25; IQR=0.62; “non-acute”: Median=1.00; IQR=0.51; p=.015]. This difference was not found in the contra-lateral EMT. Six months after the neurologic event, EMT ipsilateral to an “acute culprit” carotid stenosis decreased (p=.036). The amount of peri-carotid adipose tissue, estimated with EMT was associated with atherosclerosis at the carotid arteries. In particularly EMT could be a non-invasive marker of “acute culprit” carotid stenosis, easily determined in clinical practice. These findings may have implications in personalized medicine, for the determination of the best treatment approach.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1863.v1

Update on Biomarkers Associated with Large Artery Atherosclerosis Stroke

Madalena Rosário, Ana Catarina Fonseca

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: atherosclerosis; stroke; carotid; stenosis; biomarker; plaque; lipid; inflammation; IL-6

Online: 27 June 2023 (11:00:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1105.v1

Transcription Factor Regulation of Gene Expression Network by ZNF385D and HAND2 in Carotid Atherosclerosis

Ming Tan, Lars Juel Andersen, Niels Eske Bruun, Matias Greve Lindholm, Qihua Tan, Martin Snoer

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Transcription factors; ZNF385D; HAND2; regulatory network; gene expression; carotid atheroma

Online: 15 January 2024 (07:51:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0464.v1

Intraplaque Neovascularization, CD68+ and iNOS2+ Macrophage Infiltrate Intensity Are Associated with Atherothrombosis and Intraplaque Hemorrhage in Severe Carotid Atherosclerosis

Ioan Alexandru Balmos, Mark Slevin, Klara Brînzaniuc, Adrian Vasile Mureșan, Horatiu Suciu, Gyopár Beáta Molnár, Adriana Mocian, Előd Ernő Nagy, Emőke Horváth

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: carotid atherosclerosis; macrophage; intraplaque neovascularization; atherothrombosis; intraplaque hemorrhage

Online: 7 September 2023 (10:47:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1730.v1

Molecular Pathways of Vulnerability Carotid Plaques at Risk for Ischemic Stroke: A Narrative Review

Giuseppe Miceli, Maria Grazia Basso, Chiara Pintus, Andrea Roberta Pennacchio, Elena Cocciola, Mariagiovanna Cuffaro, Martina Profita, Giuliana Rizzo, Antonino Tuttolomondo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: carotid plaque; stroke; vulnerability; inflammation

Online: 29 February 2024 (10:54:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1061.v1

Changes in Cognitive Functions after Carotid Endarterectomy and Carotid Stenting: A Decade-Apart Comparison

Daniel Václavík, Tomáš Hrbáč, Martin Roubec, Václav Procházka, Tomáš Jonszta, David Pakizer, Tomáš Heryán, Roman Herzig, David Školoudík

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: carotid stenosis; carotid endarterectomy; carotid artery stenting; cognitive functions

Online: 16 November 2023 (10:23:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0273.v1

Carotid Plaques and Hypertension on the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality

Vilma Dzenkeviciute, Tadas Adomavicius, Gabriele Tarulyte, Egidija Rinkuniene, Vytautas Kasiulevicius, Jolita Badariene

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: all-cause mortality; cardiovascular disease; carotid plaque; hypertension

Online: 5 April 2024 (03:57:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0230.v1

Quantification of Carotid Intraplaque Hemorrhage: Comparison between Manual Segmentation and Semi-Automatic Segmentation on Magnetization-Prepared Rapid Acquisition with Gradient-Echo Sequences

Young Ju Song, Hyo Sung Kwak, Gyung Ho Chung, Seongil Jo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: carotid intraplaque hemorrhage; carotid atherosclerosis; semi-automatic quantification; MPRAGE

Online: 20 October 2019 (01:39:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1666.v1

Early and Long-Term Results of Simultaneous and Staged Revascularization of Coronary and Carotid Arteries

Elena Zelikovna Golukhova, Igor Yuryevich Sigaev, Milena Abrekovna Keren, Inessa Viktorovna Slivneva, Bektur Shukurbekovich Berdibekov, Nina Aleksandrovna Sheikina, Olga Sergeevna Kozlova, Valery Sergeevich Arakelyan, Irina Vasilevna Volkovskaya, Tatiana Vladimirovna Zavalikhina, Susanna Albertovna Avakova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: coronary artery disease; carotid stenosis; coronary artery bypass grafting; carotid endarterectomy

Online: 24 January 2024 (02:50:05 CET)

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Background. Carotid artery disease is prevalent among patients with coronary heart disease. The concomitant severe lesions in the carotid and coronary arteries may necessitate either simultaneous or staged revascularization, involving coronary bypass and carotid endarterectomy. However, there is presently a lack of consensus on the optimal choice of surgical treatment tactics for patients with significant stenoses in both carotid and coronary arteries. The aim of the current study was to compare the 30-day and long-term outcomes of coronary and carotid artery revascularization surgery based on the simultaneous or staged surgical tactics. Material and Methods. The single-center, non-randomized retrospective study involved 192 patients with concurrent coronary artery disease and carotid artery stenosis ≥70%, of whom 106 patients underwent simultaneous intervention (CABG+CEA), and 86 patients underwent staged CABG/CEA. The mean time between stages ranged from 1 to 4 months (mean 1.88±0.9 months). Endpoints included death from any cause, nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (death + nonfatal MI + nonfatal stroke) within 30 days after the last intervention and in the long-term follow-up period (median follow-up - 6 years). Results: The 30-day all-cause mortality, incidence of postoperative nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, and MACE did not exhibit differences between the groups after single-stage and staged interventions. However, the overall risk of postoperative complications (adjusted for the risk of any complication per patient) (OR 2.214, 95% CI 0.214-0.954, p=0.034), as well as the duration of ventilatory support (p=0.004), were elevated in the group after simultaneous interventions compared with the staged intervention group. However, this difference did not result in an increased incidence of death and MACE in the group after simultaneous interventions. In the long-term follow-up period, there were no significant differences observed when comparing simultaneous or staged surgical tactics in terms of overall survival (54.9% and 62.6% in groups 1 and 2, respectively, P log-rank = 0.068), nonfatal stroke-free survival (45.6% and 33.6% in groups 1 and 2, respectively, P log-rank = 0.364), nonfatal MI-survival (57.6% and 73.5% in groups 1 and 2, respectively, P log-rank = 0.169), and MACE-free survival (7.1% and 30.2% in groups 1 and 2, respectively, P log-rank = 0.060). Risk factors associated with an unfavorable outcome included age, smoking, BMI, LV EF, and atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries. Conclusions: This study revealed no significant difference in the impact of simultaneous CABG+CEA or staged CABG/CEA on the incidence of death, stroke, MI, and MACE over a 30-day and long-term follow-up period. Although the immediate results indicated an increased risk of a complicated course (attributable to overall complications) after simultaneous CABG+CEA compared with staged CABG/CEA, this did not lead to an increase in fatal complications. Therefore, performing both tactics is deemed safe and eligible after a meticulous postoperative risk assessment.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0002.v1

Fractal Dimension Based Carotid Plaque Characterization from Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Images

Ran Zhou, Mingyue Ding, Yongkang Luo, Aaron Fenster

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: fractal dimension; carotid plaque characterization; three dimensional ultrasound; an evaluation of the vulnerability of the plaques

Online: 1 September 2016 (10:48:18 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1440.v1

Pediatric Carotid Injury after Blunt Trauma and the Necessity of CT and CTA – a Systematic Literature Review

Lukas Krüger, Oliver Kamp, Katharina Alfen, Jens Theyson, Marcel Dudda, Lars Becker

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Emergency Medicine Keywords: Blunt carotid injury (BCI); blunt trauma; pediatrics; CT; CTA; radiation; radiation dose; radiation risks; carcinogenesis; ultrasound

Online: 25 March 2024 (13:13:56 CET)

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Introduction Blunt carotid injuries (BCI) in pediatric trauma are quite rare. Due to the low number of cases, only a few reports and studies have been conducted on this topic. This review will discuss how frequent BCI/ BCVI on pediatric patients after blunt trauma is, what routine diagnostics look like, if a CT/ CTA scan on pediatric patients after blunt trauma is always necessary and if there are any negative health effects? Methods This literature review includes reviews, systematic reviews, case reports and original studies in english language between 1999 and 2020 that have dealt with pediatric blunt trauma and the diagnostics of BCI and BCVI. Furthermore, publications on the risk of radiation exposure on children were included in the study. For literature research, Medline (PubMed) and the Cochrane library were used. Results Pediatric BCI/ BCVI, shows an overall incidence between 0.03 – 0.5% of confirmed BCI/ BCVI cases due to pediatric blunt trauma. 1.1 – 3.5% of pediatric blunt trauma patients underwent CTA to detect BCI. Only 0.17 – 1.2% of all CTA scans shows a positive diagnosis for BCI. In children, the median volume CT dose index on a non-contrast head CT is 33 milligray, a computed tomography angiography needs at least 138 mGy. A cumulative doses of about 50 mGy almost triples the risk of leukemia, and doses of about 60 mGy triples the risk of brain cancer. Discussion Knowing that a BCI could have extensive neurologic consequences for children, it is necessary to evaluate routine pediatric diagnostics after blunt trauma. Computed tomography scans (CT) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) are mostly used in routine BCI diagnostics. However, since radiation exposure in children should be as low as reasonably achievable, it should be asked if other diagnostic methods could be used to identify risk groups. Trauma guidelines and clinical scores like the McGovern score are reflect established BCI screening options, as well as using duplex ultrasound.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1292.v1

Vascular Risk Factors and Carotid Atheromatous Disease in Patients over 65 Years of Age

Sónia Mateus, Vanda Pós-de-Mina, Patrícia Coelho, Francisco Rodrigues, Irene Mendes

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Carotid atherosclerosis [C10,228,140,300,200]; cardiovascular risk factors [E05,318,740,600,800,725,500,500]; carotid intima-media thickness [E01,370,350,850,150]

Online: 18 May 2023 (07:52:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1185.v1

Atherosclerosis and Bidirectional Relationship between Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease: From Bench to Bedside—Part 1

Giuseppina Gallucci, Fabio Maria Turazza, Alessandro Inno, Maria Laura Canale, Nicola Silvestris, Roberto Farì, Alessandro Navazio, Carmine Pinto, Luigi Tarantini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: atherosclerosis; cardiovascular disease (CVD); cancer; inflammation; immune system; endothelium; exposome

Online: 20 March 2024 (10:33:51 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0217.v1

Atherosclerosis Progression and COVID 19: The Role of Tromboinflammation

Francesco Nappi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Thromboinflammation; atherosclerosis; neutrophil extracellular traps; NETosis; von Willebrand Factor; neutrophil inflammasome

Online: 3 November 2023 (11:17:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0301.v1

Interface of Phospholipase Activity, Immune Cell Function, and Atherosclerosis

Robert Schilke, Cassidy Blackburn, Temitayo Bamgbose, Matthew Woolard

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Atherosclerosis; Phospholipases; Macrophages; T cells; Lipins

Online: 13 September 2020 (23:45:55 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0880.v1

Imaging Carotid Plaque Inflammation Using Positron Emission Tomography: Emerging Role in Clinical Stroke Care, Research Applications, and Future Directions

John McCabe, Nicholas Evans, Sarah Gorey, Shiv Bhakta, James Rudd, Peter Kelly

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: inflammation; stroke; prognosis; positron emission tomography; recurrence; carotid

Online: 13 July 2023 (10:11:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1097.v1

Review of microRNAs and lncRNAs in atherosclerosis, diabetes, and other inflammatory conditions

Jernej Letonja, Danijel Petrovič

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Atherosclerosis; psoriasis; microRNA; extracellular vesicles; long non-coding RNA

Online: 17 November 2023 (02:35:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1049.v1

Urgent Off-Label Use of Flow−Diverter Stents In the Endovascular Management of Tonsillar Loop-Associated Internal Carotid Artery Dissections Presenting with Carotid Occlusion or Near-Occlusion and Major Ischemic Stroke

José E. Cohen, Andrei Filioglo, J. Moshe Gomori, Asaf Honig, Ronen R. Leker, And Hans Henkes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: antiplatelet therapy; cervical carotid artery; dissection; flow-diverter stent; ischemic stroke; Pipeline embolization device; stent reconstruction; tonsillar loop; tortuosity

Online: 14 June 2023 (13:40:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0577.v1

Atherosclerotic Plaque Fissuration and Clinical Outcomes in Pre-Diabetics vs. Normoglycemics Patients Affected by Asymptomatic Significant Carotid Artery Stenosis at 2 Years of Follow-Up: Role of MIcRoRNAs Modulation. The ATIMIR Study

Celestino Sardu, Piero Modugno, Gaetano Castellano, Lucia Scisciola, Michelangela Barbieri, Lella Petrella, Mara Fanelli, Gabriella Macchia, Eugenio Caradonna, Massimo Massetti, Giuseppe Paolisso, Raffaele Marfella

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: carotid atherosclerosis; pre-diabetes mellitus; microRNAs; inflammation; metformin therapy

Online: 25 February 2021 (11:43:02 CET)

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE—Atherosclerotic plaque instability and rupture in patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (ACAS) is a leading cause of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). This could be mainly evidenced in patients with pre-diabetes. Indeed, the altered glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance could cause over-inflammation of atherosclerotic plaque, favoring its conversion to unstable phenotype with rupture and MACE. Notably, the metformin therapy reducing the metabolic distress and the inflammatory burden, could lead to reduction of MACE in ACAS patients with pre-diabetes. In this setting, microRNAs (miRs) could be used as molecular biomarkers of atherosclerosis progression, plaque rupture and worse prognosis in normoglycemics (NG) vs. pre-diabetics metformin users (PDMU) vs. pre-diabetics non metformin users (PDNMU). However, the aim of our study was to investigate a wide miRNA panel in peripheral blood exosomes from patients with ACAS divided in NG vs. PDMU vs. PDNMU, and to associate the circulating miRNA expression profiles with MACE at 2 years of follow-up after endarterectomy. METHODS—The study included 234 patients with ACAS divided in NG (n 125), PDNMU (n 73) and PDMU (n 36). The miRs’ expression profiles of circulating exosomes were determined at baseline and at 2 years of follow-up by Affymetrix microarrays from plasma samples of the patients from any study cohort. Then we collected and analyzed MACE at 2 years of follow-up in NG vs. PDMU vs. PDNMU. RESULTS—prediabetics vs. NG had over-inflammation (p<0.05) and over expressed miR 24 and miR 27 at baseline. At 2 years of follow-up PDNMU vs. NG, PDMU vs. NG and PDNMU vs. PDMU over-expressed inflammatory markers and miR 24, miR 27, miR 100, miR 126 and miR 133 (p<0.05). Finally, at follow-up end we observed a significant difference about MACE comparing PDNMU vs. NG (n 27 (36.9%) vs. n 8 (6.4%); p<0.05), PDNMU vs. PDMU (n 27 (36.9%) vs. n 6 (16.6%); p <0.05), and PDMU vs. NG (n 6 (16.6%) vs. n 8 (6.4%); p<0.05). Admission glucose values (HR 1.020, CI 95% [1.001-1.038], p 0.029), atheromatous carotid plaque (HR 5.373, CI 95% [1.251-11.079], p 0.024), and miR 24 (HR 3.842, CI 95% [1.768-19.222], p 0.011) predicted MACE at 2 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS—Specific circulating miRs could be over-expressed in pre-diabetics and specifically in PDNMU vs. PDMU after endarterectomy. MiR24, hyperglycemia and atheromatous plaque could predict MACE at 2 years of follow-up.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1174.v1

Blood plasma lipidomic profile in atherosclerosis of brachiocephalic arteries

Anastasiia Lomonosova, Daria Gognieva, Aleksandr Suvorov, Artemy Silantiev, Alina Abasheva, Yana Vasina, Magomed Abdullaev, Anna Nartova, Nikolay Eroshchenko, Roman Komarov, Andrey Dzyundzya, Dmitry Shchekochikhin, Philipp Kopylov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: atherosclerosis; lipidome; stroke; brachiocephalic arteries; atherosclerotic plaque; triacylglycerides; lipidomics; mass-spectrometry

Online: 17 April 2024 (14:36:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0430.v1

Atherosclerosis as Pathogenetic Substrate for Sars-Cov2 ‘‘Cytokine Storm’’

Mattia Vinciguerra, Silvia Romiti, Ernesto Greco

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: atherosclerosis; sars-cov-2; covid-19; pathogenesis of sars-cov-2

Online: 24 April 2020 (08:58:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0149.v1

Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Potential Promise in Treating Atherosclerosis?

Ximei Zhang, Julie Wang, Jacob Colello, Song Guo Zheng

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: atherosclerosis, mesenchymal stem cells, inflammation

Online: 7 August 2018 (23:22:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1819.v1

PinX1 Alleviates Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting MMP-9 Expression and p66shc-Mediated Oxidative Stress

Yang Yao, Qiaoling Zhang, Hongxia Song, Yukun Zhang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Atherosclerosis; pinX1; MMP-9; p66shc; oxidative stress

Online: 27 July 2023 (09:34:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1206.v1

JMJD6 Autoantibodies as a Potential Biomarker for Atherosclerosis-Related Diseases

Bo-Shi Zhang, Xiao-Meng Zhang, Masaaki Ito, Satoshi Yajima, Kimihiko Yoshida, Mikiko Ohno, Eiichiro Nishi, Hao Wang, Shu-Yang Li, Masaaki Kubota, Yoichi Yoshida, Tomoo Matsutani, Seiichiro Mine, Toshio Machida, Minoru Takemoto, Hiroki Yamagata, Aiko Hayashi, Koutaro Yokote, Yoshio Kobayashi, Hirotaka Takizawa, Hideyuki Kuroda, Hideaki Shimada, Yasuo Iwadate, Takaki Hiwasa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: JMJD6; ischemic stroke; acute myocardial infarction; diabetes mellitus; atherosclerosis; esophageal cancer; diagnosis; autoantibody

Online: 17 January 2024 (07:42:49 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0735.v1

Curcumin as a Natural Remedy for Atherosclerosis: A Pharmacological Review

Laxman Singh, Shikha Sharma, Suowen Xu, Devesh Tewari, Jian Fang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Curcumin; atherosclerosis; pharmacology; therapeutics

Online: 31 May 2021 (10:40:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0083.v1

Role of the Scavenger Receptor CD36 in Accelerated Diabetic Atherosclerosis

Miquel Navas Madroñal, Esmeralda Castelblanco, Mercedes Camacho, Marta Consegal, Anna Ramirez Morros, Maria-Rosa Sarrias, Paulina Perez, Nuria Alonso, María Galán, Dídac Mauricio

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: scavenger receptor CD36; inflammation; vascular calcification; diabetes; atherosclerosis

Online: 4 August 2020 (10:37:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1166.v1

Acid-Sensing Ion Channels Immunoreactivity in Nerve Profiles and Glomus Cells of the Human Carotid Body

Graciela Martínez-Barbero, Yolanda García-Mesa, Ramón Cobo, Patricia Cuendias, Benjamín Martín-Biedma, Olivia García-Suárez, Jorge Feito, Teresa Cobo, José A. Vega

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: carotid body; glomus cells; nerves; acid-sensing ion channels; immunohistochemistry; human

Online: 20 November 2023 (07:38:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0004.v1

Use of Micropatterned Thin Film Nitinol in Carotid Stents to Augment Embolic Protection

Mahdis Shayan, Brian T. Jankowitz, Puneeth Shridhar, Youngjae Chun

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: thin film nitinol; carotid artery; micro mesh stent; micropatterning

Online: 1 November 2016 (06:54:40 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0435.v1

Role of Inflammatory Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Development of Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review

Dražen Bedeković, Ivica Bošnjak, Damir Kirner, Srđan Novak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis; chronic inflammation mechanisms; cardiovascular risk; cardiovas-cular mortality; medications used in rheumatoid arthritis

Online: 7 August 2023 (02:59:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0285.v1

Modulation of Nitric Oxide Synthases by oxyLDL: Role in Vascular Inflammation and Atherosclerosis Development

Micaela Gliozzi, Miriam Scicchitano, Francesca Bosco, Vincenzo Musolino, Cristina Carresi, Federica Scarano, Jessica Maiuolo, Saverio Nucera, Alessia Maretta, Sara Paone, Rocco Mollace, Stefano Ruga, Maria Caterina Zito, Roberta Macrì, Francesca Oppedisano, Ernesto Palma, Carolina Muscoli, Vincenzo Mollace

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: oxidized LDL; cNOS; iNOS; endothelial dysfunction

Online: 17 September 2018 (07:45:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1333.v1

Microfluidic Channel for Simulating Wall Shear Stress Waveforms in Carotid Bifurcation Blood Flow

Li-Jin Yuan, Yong-Jiang Li, Zheng Liu, Chun-Dong Xue, Dong Chen, Kai-Rong Qin

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Carotid Sinus; Oscillatory Flow; Wall Shear Stress (WSS); Variable Cross-section Microfluidic Channel; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Optimization

Online: 22 February 2024 (23:35:55 CET)

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Wall Shear Stress (WSS) abnormalities in carotid artery blood flow are key hemodynamic factors leading to arterial endothelial damage, atherosclerotic plaque formation, and carotid artery stenosis. Precise simulation of carotid artery blood flow WSS in vitro play an important role in understanding the underlying hemodynamic mechanism of carotid artery stenosis. This study presents a design for a microfluidic cell culture chamber with a variable cross-section and a step structure, leveraging microfluidic technology and principles of fluid dynamics. We propose an optimization strategy for microchannel dimensions based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. This strategy aims to replicate the distinct WSS waveform features found at various locations within the carotid bifurcation as observed in vivo. Our simulations indicate that with a step height of 0.09 mm, a width of 4 mm for the initial segment, and 5 mm for the subsequent wider channel, the device can effectively model the characteristics of low oscillatory WSS seen at sites of carotid sinus stenosis. Furthermore, it accurately represents the high-magnitude pulsatile WSS waveforms in the more uniform arterial sections downstream of the carotid sinus. The study also reveals that vortex formation and variations in low oscillatory WSS within the stepped section of the microchannel correlate with the step's height and width, as well as with the dimensions of the wider channel section. An increase in step width leads to a decrease in both the vortex area and the magnitude of negative WSS oscillations. When the step height is less than 0.03 mm, vortex formation is inhibited, challenging the simulation of low oscillatory WSS patterns. The variable cross-section microfluidic channel developed in this study provides a platform for simulating carotid artery WSS waveforms and facilitates research into the interplay between low oscillatory WSS at sites of carotid sinus stenosis and arterial endothelial dysfunction.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0006.v1

Platelet, Antiplatelet Therapy and Masld: A Narrative Review

Andrea Boccatonda, Lorenza Del Cane, Lara Marola, Damiano D’Ardes, Gianfranco Lessiani, Nicoletta Di Gregorio, Claudio Ferri, Francesco Cipollone, Carla Serra, Francesca Santilli, Fabio Piscaglia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: cancer; NAFLD; MASLD; aspirin; thromboxane

Online: 1 March 2024 (07:42:30 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0797.v1

Innate Immune Pathways in Atherosclerosis – from Signaling to Long-Term Epigenetic Reprogramming

Arailym Aronova, Federica Tosato, Nawraa Naser, Yaw Asare

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: atherosclerosis; innate immunity; signaling pathways; trained immunity

Online: 13 September 2023 (07:54:33 CEST)

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Innate immune pathways play a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis, from sensing initial danger signals to the long-term reprogramming of immune cells. Despite the success of lipid-lowering therapy, anti-hypertensive medications, and other measures in reducing complications associated with atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Consequently, there is an urgent need to devise innovative preventive and therapeutic strategies to alleviate the global burden of CVD. Extensive experimental research and epidemiological studies have demonstrated the dominant role of innate immune mechanisms in the progression of atherosclerosis. Recently, landmark trials including CANTOS, COLCOT, and LoDoCo2 have provided solid evidence, demonstrating that targeting innate immune pathways can effectively reduce the risk of CVD. These groundbreaking trials mark a significant paradigm shift in the field and open new avenues for atheroprotective treatments. It is therefore crucial to comprehend the intricate interplay between innate immune pathways and atherosclerosis for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. Additionally, unraveling the mechanisms underlying the long-term reprogramming may offer novel strategies to reverse the pro-inflammatory phenotype of immune cells and restore immune homeostasis in atherosclerosis. In this Review, we present an overview of the innate immune pathways implicated in atherosclerosis, with a specific focus on the signaling pathways driving chronic inflammation in atherosclerosis and the long-term reprogramming of immune cells within the atherosclerotic plaque. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms governing these processes presents exciting opportunities for the development of a new class of immunotherapeutic approaches aimed at reducing inflammation and promoting plaque stability. By addressing these aspects, we can potentially revolutionize the management of atherosclerosis and its associated cardiovascular complications.

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0005.v1

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma at the Sphenoid Sinus Misdiagnosed as an Olfactory Neuroblastoma and Resected Using a High-Flow Bypass

Kosuke Takabayashi, Takafumi Shindo, Tomoki Kikuchi, Katsumi Takizawa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: skull base; high-flow bypass; sustentacular cell; endoscopic sinus surgery; internal carotid artery

Online: 4 May 2022 (12:22:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1062.v1

Metabolic-Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease -Its Pathophysiology, Association with Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Disease, and Ideal Treatments

Hidekatsu Yanai, Hiroki Adachi, Mariko Hakoshima, Sakura Iida, Hisayuki Katsuyama

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: cardiovascular disease; fatty acids; insulin resistance; metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease; pemafibrate; triglyceride

Online: 18 September 2023 (08:37:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0136.v1

Role of Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolites on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Human Blood Platelet Function: A Review

Asim K Duttaroy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Platelet; microbiota; TMA; Atherosclerosis

Online: 7 December 2020 (10:34:31 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0244.v1

Translational Relevance of Advanced Age and Atherosclerosis in Preclinical Trials of Biotherapies for Peripheral Artery Disease

Keith A Webster

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: gene therapy; cell therapy; peripheral artery disease; critical limb ischemia; clinical trials

Online: 5 December 2023 (14:44:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1544.v1

The Characteristics of Metabolites in the Development of Atherosclerosis by the Untargeted Metabolomics

Liye Shen, Jinlong Wang, Yongming Pan, Junjie Huang, Keyan Zhu, Haiye Tu, Minli Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: atherosclerosis; Tibetan minipig; Untargeted metabolomics,; Biomarkers

Online: 22 August 2023 (10:46:40 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0289.v1

Focusing on Gender and Age Information as Lens for Gene Expression Data: Application to Dyslipidemia-based Atherosclerosis Data

Pietro Hiram Guzzi, Elisabetta Pedace, Pierangelo Veltri

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematical And Computational Biology Keywords: Aging; Network Science

Online: 5 October 2023 (13:02:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0546.v1

Bioinformatic Analysis of Sex and Age Factors of the Expression of the Genes Related to Dyslipidemia-based Atherosclerosis.

Pietro Hiram Guzzi, Francesca Cortese, Elisabetta Pedace, Pierangelo Veltri

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: Aging; Network Science

Online: 8 August 2023 (10:16:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0687.v1

Effect of Shexiang Baoxin Pill on Inhibiting Atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- Mice by Reshaping Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolites

Bin Xie, Xianpeng Zu, Zhicong Wang, Xike Xu, Jiayun Xin, Peng Fu, Runhui Liu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Shexiang Baoxin Pill; Atherosclerosis; Gut microbiota; Fecal metabolites; Correlation

Online: 11 July 2023 (10:25:05 CEST)

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Background: Atherosclerosis (AS), a key pathological contributor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), was characterized by formation of atherosclerotic plaque in aortic wall and caused high mortality and morbidity worldwide. Factors contributing to the initiation and progression of AS included vascular endothelial dysfunction, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) was a traditional Chinese medicine that had been widely applied in clinic and proved to be effective for patients with CVDs. However, the mechanisms underlying its anti-atherosclerotic effects have not been completely elucidated. The study aimed to investigate the protective effects of SBP on AS and its potential mechanisms. Methods: Different dose of SBP was orally administered in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice treated with a high-fat diet (HFD). Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis, ELISA, untargeted metabolomics analysis, 16S rRNA sequence analysis, and spearman analysis were applied to identify the protective effects and mechanisms of SBP in HFD-induced AS. Results: SBP significantly alleviated HFD-induced atherosclerotic lesion both in aorta and aortic sinus with a reduction in serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HFD-C) level with no significant change of body weight in HFD-induced ApoE-/- mice. Mechanismly, SBP markedly reshaped the gut microbiota composition and associated metabolomic characteristics. 2 differential intestinal floras at phylum level and 8 differential microbes at genus level, 5 metabolic pathways and 9 differential fecal metabolites related to CVDs were figured out. Besides, intensive correlation between 8 differential microbes and 9 fecal metabolites was observed. Conclusions: Our results showed that SBP could improve HFD-triggered serum lipid disorder, systematic inflammation, and contribute to the alleviation of atherosclerotic lesion. The antiatherogenic properties of SBP might partly result from the reshaping of the gut microbiota and fecal metabolic profile.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0111.v1

The Concentration of PCSK9-Lp(a) Complexes and the Level of Blood Monocytes in Males with Coronary Atherosclerosis

Anastasiia Yu. Filatova, Olga I. Afanasieva, Tatiana I. Arefieva, Alexandra V. Potekhina, Alexandra V. Tyurina, Elena A. Klesareva, Oksana A. Razova, Marat V. Ezhov, Sergey N. Pokrovsky

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: lipoprotein(a); PCSK9; PCSK9-Lp(a); monocytes; atherosclerosis

Online: 2 June 2023 (01:56:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0087.v1

DPP-4/GLP-1 Axis as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Chronic Stress-related Vascular Aging and Atherosclerosis

Ying Wan, Limei Piao, Yongshan Nan, Xian-Wu Cehng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Chronic stress; Vascular senescence; inflamamtion; atherosclerosis; dipeptidyl peptidase-4

Online: 9 January 2020 (13:05:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0082.v1

Transcriptomics as Precision Medicine to Classify In Vivo Models of Dietary-Induced Atherosclerosis at Cellular and Molecular Levels

Alexei Evsikov, Caralina Marín de Evsikova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: atherosclerosis; coronary aortic disease; gene set enrichment analysis; heart disease; Apoe mouse; transcriptomics; RNA-seq analysis; pathway enrichment analysis; mouse; precision medicine; New Zealand White rabbit

Online: 5 September 2018 (04:49:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1516.v1

Association Between Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Vascular Biomarkers in Primary Prevention

Michaela Kozakova, Carmela Morizzo, Giuli Jamagidze, Daniele Della Latta, Sara Chiappino, Dante Chiappino, Carlo Palombo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: lipid-lowering treatment; primary prevention; coronary calcium; intima-media thickness; arterial stiffness; carotid artery; femoral artery

Online: 22 May 2023 (11:19:08 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1930.v1

CETP Expression in Bone Marrow Derived Cells Reduces Inflammatory Features of Atherosclerosis in Hypercholesterolemic Mice

Thiago Rentz, Gabriel G. Dorighello, Renata R. Dos Santos, Lohana M. Barreto, Israelle N. Freitas, Daniela S. Razolli, Helena C. F. Oliveira

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: CETP; atherosclerosis; inflammation; macrophages; nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase; LDL receptor knockout mice

Online: 27 July 2023 (13:38:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0113.v1

Modulation of Adhesion Process, E-Selectin and VEGF Production by Anthocyanins and Their Metabolites in an In-Vitro Model of Atherosclerosis

Mirko Marino, Cristian Del Bo’, Massimiliano Tucci, Dorothy Klimis-Zacas, Patrizia Riso, Marisa Porrini

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: anthocyanins and metabolites; inflammation; adhesion molecules; vascular endothelial growth factor; monocytes; endothelial cells

Online: 11 January 2020 (14:51:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1481.v1

20(S)-Protopanaxatriol Improves Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Degradation in ApoE KO Mice

Meng Zhang, Fang Luo, Li-tian Wang, Weng-Luer Meng, Dan-dan Hu, Jin-bo Yang, Ye-Wei Huang, Jun Sheng, Xuan-jun Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: atherosclerosis; 20(S)-PPT; PCSK9; LDLR; Panax notoginseng

Online: 22 May 2023 (09:02:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0867.v1

Sex Differences In Glomerular Lesions, Atherosclerosis Progression, And In The Response To Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors In The Apoe^-/- Mice Model

Adrián Mallén, Ronny Rodriguez-Urquia, Rafael Alvarez, Eduard Dorca-Duch, Estanis Navarro, Miguel Hueso

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Sex differences; Chronic Kidney Disease; Atherosclerosis; Foam Cells; Parietal Epithelial Cells (PECs); Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEi)

Online: 13 June 2023 (03:22:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0129.v1

Minimally Invasive Cervical Styloidectomy in Stylohyoid Syndrome (Eagle Syndrome)

Jakub Bargiel, Michał Gontarz, Tomasz Marecik, Paweł Szczurowski, Krzysztof Gąsiorowski, Grażyna Wyszyńska-Pawelec, Jan Zapała

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: Eagle Syndrome; Stylalgia; Minimally Invasive Styloidectomy; MICS; Styloidectomy; Carotid Artery Syndrome; Stylohyoid Chain; Styloid Process

Online: 3 October 2023 (09:26:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0230.v1

How the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic Impacted Patients’ Care in the Vascular Surgery Divisions of the Southern Regions of the Italian Peninsula

Eugenio Martelli, Giovanni Sotgiu, Laura Saderi, Massimo Federici, Giuseppe Sangiorgi, Matilde Zamboni, Allegra Rosa Martelli, Giancarlo Accarino, Giuseppe Bianco, Francesco Bonanno, Umberto Marcello Bracale, Enrico Cappello, Giovanni Cioffi, Giovanni Colacchio, Adolfo Crinisio, Salvatore De Vivo, Carlo Patrizio Dionisi, Loris Flora, Giovanni Impedovo, Francesco Intrieri, Luca Iorio, Gabriele Maritati, Piero Modugno, Mario Monaco, Giuseppe Natalicchio, Vincenzo Palazzo, Fernando Petrosino, Francesco Pompeo, Raffaele Pulli, Davide Razzano, Maurizio Ruggero Ruggieri, Carlo Ruotolo, Paolo Sangiuolo, Gennaro Vigliotti, Pietro Volpe, Antonella Biello, Pietro Boggia, Michelangelo Boschetti, Enrico Maria Centritto, Flavia Condò, Lucia Cucciolillo, Amodio Salvatore D'Amodio, Mario De Laurentis, Claudio Desantis, Daniela Di Lella, Giovanni Di Nardo, Angelo Disabato, Ilaria Ficarelli, Angelo Gasparre, Antonio Nicola Giordano, Alessandro Luongo, Mafalda Massara, Vincenzo Molinari, Andrea Padricelli, Marco Panagrosso, Anna Petrone, Serena Pisanello, Roberto Prunella, Michele Tedesco, Alberto Maria Settembrini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: COVID-19; carotid stenosis; abdominal aortic aneurysm; chronic limb-threatening ischemia; amputation; deep venous thrombosis

Online: 16 June 2022 (04:40:54 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0280.v1

Knockout of the Murine Ortholog to the Human 9p21 Coronary Artery Disease Locus Leads to SMC Proliferation, Vascular Calcification, and Advanced Atherosclerosis

Yoko Kojima, Jianqin Ye, Vivek Nanda, Ying Wang, Alyssa M. Flores, Kai-Uwe Jarr, Pavlos Tsantilas, Liang Guo, Aloke V. Finn, Renu Virmani, Nicholas Leeper

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: atherosclerosis; vascular biology; calcification; genetics; 9p21

Online: 24 January 2020 (11:17:21 CET)

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Background: Genome-wide association studies have identified the chromosome 9p21 locus as one of the most important genetic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanism by which this locus promotes disease remains unclear due to difficulty identifying the causal genes and lack of a suitable animal model. Methods and Results: A total of 180 coronary artery autopsy specimens were analyzed histopathologically. The genotype of 9p21 (rs1333049) was not associated with any coronary risk factors nor the vulnerable plaque phenotype, but carriers of 9p21 risk allele did demonstrate more lesional calcification. To extend these studies into an animal model, mice with a targeted deletion of the orthologous 70-kb non-coding interval on chromosome 4 (chr4^D70kb/^D70kb) were bred onto ApoE^-/- and fed with high fat diet. Targeted deletion of the 9p21 risk interval increased susceptibility to atherosclerotic plaque progression, but did not affect plaque rupture in the tandem stenosis model. Coronary risk factors such as body weight, blood pressure, lipid, and glucose levels did not differ between genotypes. Von Kossa staining revealed that chr4^D70kb/^D70kb, ApoE^-/- developed more calcification in the plaque compared with chr4^+/⁺, ApoE^-/- mice, and that this this change was accompanied by increased aortic mRNA expression of Runx2, a key osteogenic transcription factor. Primarily cultured smooth muscle cells from chr4^D70kb/^D70kb were hyperproliferative, and showed a calcification-prone phenotype after exposure to high-phosphate medium. Treatment with Palbociclib, a selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6, reduced mRNA expression of osteogenic genes in smooth muscle cells. Conclusion: Results from human and mouse studies indicate that the 9p21 non coding risk interval is associated with larger atherosclerotic plaque burden, but not with plaque rupture. 9p21 may promote lesion expansion by inducing the proliferation of de-differentiated and osteogenic smooth muscle cells.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0239.v1

ApoB-100 Lipoproteins Complex Formation with Intima Proteoglycans as Cause of Atherosclerosis and Its Possible Ex vivo Evaluation as a Disease Biomarker

Eva Hurt-Camejo, Germán Camejo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: ApoB-100 lipoproteins-Proteoglycans-Interactions-Arterial intima Atherosclerosis-LDL modifications

Online: 14 June 2018 (16:17:40 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0465.v1

The Thirty-Fifth Anniversary of K+ Channels in O2 Sensing: What We Know and What We Don’t Know.

Asuncion Rocher, Philip Irving Aaronson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: O2 sensing; carotid body; hypoxia; hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction; BKCa channel; KV channel; TASK channel; mitochondria; reactive oxygen species; redox

Online: 7 December 2023 (07:11:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1980.v1

Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Fruit Extract Lowers SREBP-1c and C/EBPα in Liver and Alters Various PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, LXR-α Target Genes in Cholesterol-Rich Diet Rabbit Model

Maciej Danielewski, Andrzej Rapak, Angelika Kruszyńska, Małgorzata Małodobra-Mazur, Paweł Oleszkiewicz, Stanislaw Dzimira, Alicja Zofia Kucharska, Wojciech Słupski, Agnieszka Matuszewska, Beata Nowak, Adam Szeląg, Narcyz Piórecki, Urszula Zaleska-Dorobisz, Tomasz Sozański

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: cornelian cherry; Cornus mas L.; iridoid; anthocyanin; transcription factor; ATP-binding cassette transporter; adipokine; common carotid artery; atherosclerosis; cardiovascular disease

Online: 26 December 2023 (11:27:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0068.v1

Does the Prevalence of Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis Increase in Primary Hyperparathyroidism; Coronary Flow Reserve and Plasma Aterogenic Index in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Zeki Cetinkaya, Saban Kelesoğlu, Ferhat Gokay, Yucel Yilmaz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Primary hyperparathyroidism; Plasma atherogenic index; Atherosclerosis; Coronary flow reserve

Online: 1 November 2023 (13:16:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0254.v1

Plasma Metabolites Associated with Brain MRI Measures in Older Adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities – Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS)

Danni Li, Jeffrey R. Misialek, Clifford R. Jack, Michelle M. Mielke, David Knopman, Rebecca Gottesman, Thomas Mosley, Alvaro Alonso

Subject: Physical Sciences, Chemical Physics Keywords: metabolomics; sphingomyelins; plasma; cerebral small vessel disease; neurodegeneration; brain atropy

Online: 28 March 2019 (05:27:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0491.v1

The Relationship between Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Serum Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein-4 and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 in the Diabetic Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases

Abdulhalim Senyigit, Hafize Uzun, Ilhami Gultepe, Dildar Konukoglu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus; carotid intima-media thickness; glucagon-like peptide-1; dipeptidyl peptidase-4; clusterin; amylin; secreted Frizzled-related protein-4

Online: 29 August 2018 (09:38:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0165.v1

The Importance and Effectiveness of Carotid Endarterectomy in Ischaemic Stroke or TIA with Significant Carotid Stenosis

Muhammad Shohel Almamun, Mobashshereen Khan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leuco encephalopathy (CADASIL); Carotid Endarterectomy (CEA); Modified Rankin Scale (MRS); Computed Tomography(CT); Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA); Diffusion weighted Imaging (DWI); Recognition of Stroke in the Emergency Room (ROSIER) scale; Magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI); Internal Carotid Artery (ICA)

Online: 26 February 2018 (11:46:47 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0051.v1

ALUminating the Path of Atherosclerosis Progression: Chaos Theory Suggests a Role for Alu Repeats in the Development of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease

Miguel Hueso, Josep M Cruzado, Joan Torras, Estanis Navarro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: atherosclerosis; cardiovascular disease; chaos theory; non-coding RNAs; Alu-elements; NF-κB; miRNA; miRNA sponges

Online: 4 April 2018 (06:36:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0454.v1

Casein Hydrolysate Containing Milk-Derived Peptides Improves Facial Pigmentation Independent of An Anti-Atherosclerosis Effect: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Michiya Igase, Yoko Okada, Keiji Igase, Masayuki Ochi, Sayaka Matsumoto, Kensuke Senzaki, Yasumasa Ohyagi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: casein hydrolysate; Val-Pro-Pro; Ile-Pro-Pro; brachial ankle pulse wave velocity; advanced glycation end products; facial pigmentation

Online: 25 April 2020 (02:42:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1365.v1

Lipid-Associated GWAS Loci Predict Antiatherogenic Effects of Rosuvastatin in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Stanislav Kononov, Iuliia Azarova, Elena Klyosova, Marina Bykanova, Mikhail Churnosov, Maria Solodilova, Alexey Polonikov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: coronary artery disease; plasma lipids; carotid intima-media thickness; pharmacogenetics; personalized medicine; single nucleotide polymorphisms; lipid-lowering therapy; rosuvastatin.

Online: 19 May 2023 (03:26:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0209.v1

Focus on the Most Common Paucisymptomatic Vasculopathic Population, from Diagnosis to Secondary Prevention of Complications

Eugenio Martelli, Iolanda Enea, Matilde Zamboni, Massimo Federici, Umberto M. Bracale, Giuseppe Sangiorgi, Allegra R. Martelli, Teresa Messina, Alberto M. Settembrini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: diagnosis; secondary prevention; complications; abdominal aortic aneurysm; carotid stenosis; lower extremity arterial disease; popliteal artery aneurysm; renal artery stenosis; subclavian artery stenosis

Online: 4 May 2023 (07:21:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0314.v1

Evaluation of Different Cannulation Strategies for Aortic Arch Surgery Using a Cardiovascular Numerical Simulator

Beatrice De Lazzari, Massimo Capoccia, Roberto Badagliacca, Claudio De Lazzari

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: Aortic surgery; Aortic arch; Three-way cannulation approach; Carotid artery perfusion; Pressure-volume loop; Lumped parameter model; Software simulation; Cardiovascular modelling.; CARDIOSIM

Online: 20 October 2022 (14:19:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1023.v1

A Contribution to the Integration of International, National and Local Cultural Heritage Protection through a Multilevel Approach to Planning: A Case Study of the Djerdap Area

Ana Niković, Božidar Manić, Nataša Čolić Marković, Nikola Krunić

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Djerdap; Danube; spatial plan; protected area; cultural heritage; multilevel approach

Online: 16 April 2024 (10:27:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1277.v1

Pulmonary Vascular Responses to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in a Guinea Pig Model of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Elena Olea, Esther Valverde-Perez, Inmaculada Docio, Jesus Prieto-Lloret, Philip Irving Aaronson, Asuncion Rocher

Subject: Anatomy And Physiology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Systemic and pulmonary hypertension; intermittent hypoxia; hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction; carotid body; autonomic nervous system; obstructive sleep apnea; endothelial function; vessel remodeling; guinea pig

Online: 19 April 2024 (03:30:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0276.v1

Methylation-GC-MS/FID-Based Glycosidic Linkage Analysis of Unfractionated Polysaccharides in Red Seaweeds

Barinder Bajwa, Xiaohui Xing, Stephanie A. Terry, Robert J. Gruninger, D. Wade Abbott

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: methylation analysis; reductive hydrolysis; whole food fiber; whole cell wall; anhydro sugar; agarose; carrageenan; sulfated galactan; mixed linkage xylan; principal component analysis

Online: 3 April 2024 (10:33:21 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1644.v2

The Impact of an Online Sleep Education Program (Sleep 101) on Sleep Hygiene and Sleep Behavior in College Students

Johanna Schmickler, Rebecca Robbins, Pallas Snider Ziporyn, Stuart Quan

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: sleep hygiene; sleep behavior; college students; sleep education program

Online: 6 March 2024 (04:49:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1343.v1

Weight Change and Risk of Atherosclerosis Measured by Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (cIMT) from a Prospective Cohort—Analysis of the First-Wave Follow-up Data of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)

Jian Liu, Newman Siu Kwan Sze, Miya Narushima, Deborah O’Leary

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: cIMT; weight change; prospective cohort; atherosclerosis; CLSA

Online: 20 September 2023 (10:22:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0476.v1

Metabolomics on Apple (Malus domestica) Cuticle—Search for Authenticity Markers

Kamila Bechynska, Jiri Sedlak, Leos Uttl, Vit Kosek, Petra Vackova, Vladimir Kocourek, Jana Hajslova

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: Malus domestica; apple cuticle; UHPLC-HRMS/MS; metabolomic fingerprints; classification models; markers; wax esters

Online: 8 April 2024 (03:04:51 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0793.v1

GreenTray^®, a TIS Bioreactor for Plant Micropropagation and Abiotic or Biotic Stress Bioassays

Ramon Dolcet-Sanjuan, Maria Casanovas, Sandra Franquesa, Eva Alsina, Francisca Carrasco-Cuello, Estanis Torres, Josep Rufat, Cristina Solsona, Neus Teixido

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: GreenTray®; ; TIS; bioreactor; micropropagation; Biotic and Abiotic Stress Agents Bioassays; Prunus; Pyrus; Malus; Cannabis

Online: 11 April 2024 (11:12:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0656.v1

Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma asperellum CMT10 Against Strawberry Root Rot Disease

Ping Liu, Rui Xian Yang, Zu Hua Wang, Yin Hao Ma, Wei Guang Ren, Dao Wei Wei, Wen Yu Ye

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: Strawberry root rot; Trichoderma asperellum; biocontrol mechanism; biocontrol efficacy; growth-promoting effect

Online: 14 February 2024 (03:51:50 CET)

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Strawberry root rot caused by Neopestalotiopsis clavispora is one of the main diseases of strawberry and significantly impacts the yield and quality of strawberry fruit. There are now no effective control techniques available except for fungicide sprays, which may directly impact consumers. Biological control is becoming an alternative method for the control of plant diseases to replace or decrease the application of traditional synthetic chemical fungicides. Trichoderma is widely used as a biological agent for controlling strawberry root rot. In order to provide resources for screening the highly effective biocontrol fungus for controlling strawberry root rot caused by Neopestalotiopsis clavispora, the biocontrol mechanism,the control effects of Trichoderma asperellum CMT10 against strawberry root rot and growth-promoting effects on strawberry seedlings were investigated by plate culture, microscopy observation and root drenching methods.The results showed that CMT10 had obvious competitive, antibiotic and hyperparasitism effects on Neopestalotiopsis clavispora CMGF3. The CMT10 could quickly occupy nutritional space, and the inhibition rates of CMT10 against CMGF3 in confrontation culture on 7 d was 65.49%. The inhibition rates of volatile metabolite and fermentation metabolite produced by CMT10 against CMGF3 were 79.67% and 69.84%, respectively. The mycelium of strain CMT10 can act as hyperparasites by making contacting, winding and penetrating hyphae of CMGF3. Pot experiment showed that the biocontrol efficacy of CMT10 on strawberry root rot caused by Neopestalotiopsis clavispora was 63.00%. CMT10 had obvious promotion effect on strawberry growth, the plant height, root length, total fresh weight, root fresh weight, stem fresh weight and root dry weight, with the promotion rates were 20.09%, 22.39%, 87.11%, 101.58%, 79.82% and 72.33%, respectively. Overall, this study showed the ability of Trichoderma asperellum CMT10 to control strawberry root rot and their potential to develop as novel biocontrol agents to replace chemical fungicides for eco-friendly, sustainable agriculture.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0789.v1

Molecular Identification and Prevalence of the Mite Carpoglyphus lactis (Acarina: Carpoglyphidae) in Apis mellifera in the Republic of Korea

Thi-Thu Nguyen, Mi-Sun Yoo, Hyang-Sim Lee, So Youn Youn, Se-Ji Lee, Su-Kyoung Seo, Jaemyung Kim, Yun Sang Cho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Apis mellifera; Carpoglyphus lactis; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene; Molecular identification; Republic of Korea

Online: 13 March 2024 (16:10:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0203.v1

Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis of COX II from Sitophilus zeamais, a Potential Action Site of AITC

Changliang Hou, Jingbo Wang, Hua Wu, Jiayu Liu, Zhiqing Ma, Juntao Feng, Xing Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Sitophilus zeamais; COXⅡ; Soluble proteins; Enzyme activity; AITC

Online: 25 August 2016 (10:11:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0008.v3

Properties of the long-term oscillations in the middle atmosphere based on observations from TIMED/SABER

Yiyao Zhang, Shudao Zhou, Hanqing Shi, Zheng Sheng, Weilai Shi, Huadong Du, Zhiqiang Fan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: AO; SAO; TO; amplitude; phase

Online: 6 October 2016 (08:52:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1328.v1

Sustainable Development of Rural Settlements on Stara Planina Mountain in Serbia through Preserving Its Built Heritage

Ana Niković, Božidar Manić

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: Serbia; Stara Planina Mountain; typical rural settlements; conservation; planning; sustainable development

Online: 21 March 2024 (16:21:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0148.v1

Systemic Analysis of Certified Artisan Cheese Production for Improvement—The Case of the Serra da Estrela PDO Cheese

Denis A. Coelho, Tiago E. P. Carrola, Ana F. Couvinhas

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: process improvement; ewe’s cheese; systemic design

Online: 30 December 2016 (07:34:54 CET)

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The research reported on this paper was aimed at improving the overall efficiency of a PDO certified artisanal cheese production process. Being a PDO certified foodstuff by the EU, it is considered to have properties and qualities determined by the geographical environment in which is made, with its production taking place in a specific and determined geographical location, in this case the Serra da Estrela region. In that sense, the authors conducted a mapping according to a systemic perspective of the processes involved in the context of manufacturing and distribution of certified Serra da Estrela cheese. Numerous methods were used throughout the process, such as a systemic design analysis, and techniques derived from ethnographic methods, which led to the collection of data in the field and consequently provided the immersion of the researcher in genuine work situations. Critical points were identified and emphasized in the systemic map with the purpose of encouraging initiatives to address and overcome the gaps and inefficiencies detected. The systemic design analysis triggered the development of design work. Observations following an ethnographic approach identified ergonomic risks in cheese making during the process of cutting excess chips, fostering the emergence of musculoskeletal disorders at the wrist. A tool that fits best to the task at hand was developed. A prototype of the new tool enabled collecting feedback from use in the work context, in order to inform product development. The domains of agricultural production and microbiology, considering the specific microorganisms developed trough the ripening process of the cheese, turned out to be aspects of high importance for the issue under focus, contributing to a broader understanding of the ripening process and its risks, simultaneously improving the efficiency and success of cheese production. If it were not for the systemic analysis, which served as a link between the boundaries of distinct domains such as the risk of microorganism contamination, ergonomics, energy efficiency, legislation and regulation policies, transportation challenges and economic viability, approached throughout the research. Simultaneously creating bridges between them, the various problems might not have been detected in the first place, as they are usually addressed in specialized disciplines, predetermined by the restrictions of each specific area of knowledge. As a consequence of the development of this research, which was based on an analysis that sought to establish possible connections between various disciplines and tried to constantly maintain a holistic perspective, making new connections and observing the issues from a new angle, apart from the already established methodologies. All this allowed to lay out the seeds for the development of a plan to tackle the critical points identified by the systemic analysis reported in this paper.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0450.v1

Can Environmental Regulation Enhance Green Total Factor Productivity? —Evidence from 107 Cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Mengli Liu, Yan Zhu, Jingjing Zhang

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Environmental regulation; Green total factor productivity; Yangtze River Economic Belt

Online: 8 April 2024 (13:55:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1144.v1

Linking Wetland Ecosystem Services to Fish Genetic Resources with Special Reference to Hilsa Shad (Tenualosa ilisha): A Novel Study from Northeastern Bangladesh

Atiqur Rahman Sunny, Md. Arifur Rahman, Md. Nazmul Hasan, Jeba Faizah Rahman, Sharif Ahmed Sazzad, Md. Faruque Miah, Md. Ashrafuzzaman, Shamsul Haque Prodhan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Wetland; Ecosystem services; Genetic diversity; Hilsa; Bangladesh

Online: 20 February 2024 (12:44:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1148.v1

Experimental Setup for Evaluating Depth Sensors in Augmented Reality Technologies Used in Medical Devices

Valentyn Stadnytskyi, Bahaa Ghammraoui

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: augmented reality; virtual reality; validation; evaluation; image registration

Online: 17 April 2024 (13:28:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0830.v1

A New Type of WENO Scheme for Large Eddy Simulation of Turbomachinery Flows

Shuo Zhang, Dongdong Zhong, Hao Wang, Xingshuang Wu, Ning Ge

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: WENO scheme; turbomachinery flow; NUAA-Turbo; large scale engineering application; LES

Online: 12 April 2024 (08:07:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0447.v1

Experimental Evaluation of SAT Attack on Logic Locking

Milan Vojvoda, Viliam Hromada, Filip Janikovský, Jozef Kučerák, Matúš Jókay

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Security Systems Keywords: logic locking; piracy protection; SAT attack

Online: 7 March 2024 (11:17:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0017.v1

Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Mo-40Ni-13Si Multiphase Intermetallic Alloy

Chunyan Song, Shuhuan Wang, Yongliang Gui, Zihao Cheng, Guolong Ni

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: intermetallic; refractory metal; tribological property; toughening

Online: 2 December 2016 (11:04:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0082.v1

A Node Localization Algorithm Based on Multi-Granularity Regional Division and the Lagrange Multiplier Method in Wireless Sensor Networks

Fengjun Shang, Yi Jiang, Anping Xiong, Wen Su, Li He

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: WSN; RSSI; Voronoi diagram; vector similar degrees; Lagrange

Online: 16 November 2016 (13:10:52 CET)

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With the integrated development of the Internet, wireless sensor technology, cloud computing, and mobile Internet, there has been a lot of attention given to research about and applications of the Internet of Things. A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one of the important information technologies in the Internet of Things; it integrates multi-technology to detect and gather information in a network environment by mutual cooperation, using a variety of methods to process and analyze data, implement awareness, and perform tests. This paper mainly researches the localization algorithm of sensor nodes in a wireless sensor network. Firstly, a multi-granularity region partition is proposed to divide the location region. In the range-based method, the RSSI (Received Signal Strength indicator, RSSI) is used to estimate distance. The optimal RSSI value is computed by the Gaussian fitting method. Furthermore, a Voronoi diagram is characterized by the use of dividing region. Rach anchor node is regarded as the center of each region; the whole position region is divided into several regions and the sub-region of neighboring nodes is combined into triangles while the unknown node is locked in the ultimate area. Secondly, the multi-granularity regional division and Lagrange multiplier method are used to calculate the final coordinates. Because nodes are influenced by many factors in the practical application, two kinds of positioning methods are designed: the unknown node is in the positioning unit or not. When the unknown node is on the side of the positioning unit, we use the method of vector similarity. Moreover, we use the centroid algorithm to calculate the ultimate coordinates of unknown node. When the unknown node is not on the side of the positioning unit, we establish a Lagrange equation containing the constraint condition to calculate the first coordinates. Furthermore, we use the Taylor expansion formula to correct the coordinates of the unknown node. In addition, this localization method has been validated by establishing the real environment.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0075.v1

EEG Signal Recognition Based on Wavelet Transform and ACCLN Network

Xuebin Qin, Jun Deng, Mei Wang, Yizhe Zhang, Pai Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Signal Processing Keywords: BCI; recognition; feature extraction; ACCLN network; RBF network

Online: 19 October 2016 (10:09:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0746.v1

Are We Able to Prevent Neonatal Readmission? A Retrospective Analysis from a Pediatrics Department in Ploiești – Romania

Ioana Roșca, Andreea Teodora Constantin, Daniela Eugenia Popescu, Ana Maria Cristina Jura, Anca Miu, Alina Turenschi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: neonatal; readmission; newborns; pediatrics; malnutrition; breastfeeding; multidisciplinary team; public health; inclusion; equity.

Online: 13 February 2024 (12:28:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1146.v1

Acetate Alleviates Gut Microbiota Depletion-Induced Retardation of Skeletal Muscle Growth and Development in Young Mice

Guitao YANG, Jinwei Zhang, Yan LIU, Jing SUN, Liangpeng GE, Lu LU, Keren LONG, Xuewei LI, Dengfeng XU, Jideng MA

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: gut microbiota, acetate, skeletal muscle, Gm16062,

Online: 17 April 2024 (11:51:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0116.v1

Remote Control for Robot Walking via Gesture Detected by Inertial Sensor

Na Xiang, Fa-fa Wang, Bin-bin Wang, Sheng-lun Yi, Xue-bo Jin, Ting-li Su, Jian-lei Kong, Yu-ting Bai

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: inertial sensor; finger gesture; NAO humanoid robot; quaternions; motion capture

Online: 23 December 2016 (10:31:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1051.v1

Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium Lignin Based Ionic Liquids and Comparison of Extraction Behavior of Co(II) and Ni(II) with 2-Ethylhexyl Phosphoric Acid Mono-2-ethylhexyl Ester

Guijiang Li, Wenze Xu

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: quaternary ammonium lignin; ionic liquid; separation; cobalt; nickel

Online: 18 March 2024 (16:20:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1232.v1

Molecular Basis of Neuronal and Microglial States in the Aging Brain and Impact on Cerebral Blood Vessels

Chihiro Maeda, Fuminori Tsuruta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: aging, neuron, microglia, BBB, inflammation, neuronal nuclei

Online: 20 March 2024 (17:21:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1238.v1

The Museums of Geology and Paleontology as Geoeducational Learning Environments for Raising Climate Change Awareness

Christina Kondyli, Maria Psychogiou, Hara Drinia

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: climate change; museum education; AR in museums; geoheritage; geoconservation

Online: 18 April 2024 (14:03:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0067.v1

Global Existence, Exponential Decay and Finite Time Blow-up of Solutions for a Class of Semilinear Pseudo-parabolic Equations with Conical Degeneration

Gang Li, Jiangyong Yu, Wenjun Liu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: blow-up; semilinear pseudo-parabolic equations; critical initial energy; conical degeneration

Online: 13 March 2017 (09:56:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1296.v1

Causal Meta-Reinforcement Learning for Multimodal Remote Sensing Data Classification

Wei Zhang, Xuesong Wang, Haoyu Wang, Yuhu Cheng

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Multimodal data; remote sensing; reinforcement learning; meta-learning; causal learning

Online: 22 February 2024 (15:30:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0103.v1

Spatial Distribution of Soil Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Stocks in Moso bamboo Forests in Subtropical China

Xiaolu Tang, Mingpeng Xia, Fengying Guan, Shaohui Fan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: ordinary kriging; geostatistical analysis; spatial variability; Moso bamboo

Online: 24 October 2016 (09:48:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0071.v1

Estimation of Distribution Algorithm for Energy-Efficient Scheduling in Turning Processes

Fang Wang, Yunqing Rao, Chaoyong Zhang, Qiuhua Tang, Liping Zhang

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: energy-efficiency scheduling; flexible flow shop; estimation of distribution algorithm; turning processing

Online: 8 August 2016 (08:49:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0583.v1

Ultrasound Assisted Alkaline Pretreatment of Biomass to Enhance the Extraction Yield of Valuable Chemicals

Adina I. Gavrila, Anamaria Vartolomei, Ioan Calinescu, Mircea Vinatoru, Oana C. Parvulescu, Grigore Psenovschi, Petre Chipurici, Adrian Trifan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: ultrasound; lignin; wood residue; enzymatic hydrolysis

Online: 8 April 2024 (15:38:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1129.v1

Impacts of a Moderate-Sized Earthquake: The 2023 Magnitude (Mw) 4.7 Leyte, Leyte Earthquake, Philippines

Jeffrey S. Perez, Deo Carlo E. Llamas, Daniel Jose L. Buhay, Ryan Christian Constantino, Crystel Jade M. Legaspi, Kristine Dionne B. Lagunsad, Rhommel N. Grutas, Marc Marion Y. Quimson

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Space And Planetary Science Keywords: Philippine fault – Leyte segment; PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity Scale (PEIS); surface rupture; liquefaction, landslide, site amplification; disaster risk reduction

Online: 21 February 2024 (03:49:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1092.v1

Characteristics of Capnocytophaga canimorsus and Capnocytophaga cynodegmi in the Dog Population

Zuzanna Czekaj, Malgorzata Dorota Klimowicz-Bodys, Magdalena Karwanska, Magdalena Siedlecka, Krzysztof Rypula

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Capnocytophaga canimorsus; Capnocytophaga cynodegmi; Capnocytophaga spp.; dog; molecular diagnostic

Online: 20 February 2024 (08:51:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0285.v1

Characterizing Edible Oils by Oblique-Incidence Reflectivity Difference Combined with Machine Learning Algorithms

Xiaorong Sun, Yiran Hu, Cuiling Liu, Shanzhe Zhang, Sining Yan, Xuecong Liu, Kun Zhao

Subject: Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability And Quality Keywords: Oblique-incidence reflectivity difference; Edible oils; Machine learning; Feature importance scores

Online: 3 April 2024 (10:35:52 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0034.v1

Ultrathin Six-Band Polarization-Insensitive Terahertz Perfect Metamaterial Absorber Based on a Cross-Cave Patch Resonator

Yong Zhi Cheng, Mu Lin Huang, Hao Ran Chen, Zhen Zhong Guo, Xue Song Mao, Rong Zhou Gong

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Planar metamaterial absorber; terahertz; six-band; cave-cross patch resonator

Online: 6 March 2017 (17:29:53 CET)

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