Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Association Between Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Vascular Biomarkers in Primary Prevention

Version 1 : Received: 20 May 2023 / Approved: 22 May 2023 / Online: 22 May 2023 (11:19:08 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Kozakova, M.; Morizzo, C.; Jamagidze, G.; Della Latta, D.; Chiappino, S.; Chiappino, D.; Palombo, C. Association between Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Vascular Biomarkers in Primary Prevention. Biomedicines 2023, 11, 1753. Kozakova, M.; Morizzo, C.; Jamagidze, G.; Della Latta, D.; Chiappino, S.; Chiappino, D.; Palombo, C. Association between Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Vascular Biomarkers in Primary Prevention. Biomedicines 2023, 11, 1753.

Abstract

Several noninvasive vascular biomarkers have been suggested for improving the risk stratification for atherothrombotic events. To identify biomarkers suitable for detecting intermediate-risk individuals who might benefit from lipid-lowering treatment (L-LT) in primary prevention, the present study tested the association of plasma LDL-cholesterol with coronary artery calcification (CAC) Agatston score, high carotid and femoral intima-media thickness (IMT), low carotid distensibility and high carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity in 260 asymptomatic individuals at intermediate cardiovascular risk and free of diabetes and L-LT. High or low vascular biomarkers were considered when their value was above the 95th or below the 5th percentile, respectively, of the distribution in the healthy or in the study population. LDL-cholesterol was independently associated with the CAC score =0 (OR 0.67; 95%CI 0.48-0.92, P=0.01), CAC score >100 (1.59; 1.08-2.39, P=0.01) and with high femoral IMT (1.89; 1.19-3.06, P<0.01), but not with other biomarkers. Our data confirm that in the presence of CAC score =0 in individuals at intermediate risk, L-LT can be avoided, while it should be used in those with CAC score >100. Femoral artery IMT could represent a useful biomarker for decision regarding L-LT, however the reference values according to sex and age should be established in a large healthy population

Keywords

lipid-lowering treatment; primary prevention; coronary calcium; intima-media thickness; arterial stiffness; carotid artery; femoral artery

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems

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