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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1738.v1

Zebrafish as an Emerging Model for Sarcopenia: Considerations, Current Insights, and Future Directions

Santiago Callegari, Foad Mirzaei, Lila Agbaria, Sanobar Shariff, Burhan Kantawala, Desmond Moronge, Brian M. O. Ogendi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: Sarcopenia; Zebrafish; Age-related muscle deficits; Aging; Biomarkers; Electrical Impedance Myography

Online: 26 September 2023 (13:38:16 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1318.v1

Wet and Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration Induced by Polyethylene Glycol

Reece Mitchell, Connor Logan, Valeriy V. Lyzogubov, Nalini S. Bora, Puran S. Bora

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Age-related macular degeneration, Choroidal neovascularization, Retinal pigmented epithelium, Fluorescein isothiocyanate

Online: 19 July 2023 (09:24:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0241.v1

Six-year-old Ecological Concrete in a Marine Environment: a Case Study

Amit Kenny, Ela Ofer Rozovsky

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Ecological concrete; Cement/cementitious materials; Durability-related properties; Carbonation; Chloride; Diffusion

Online: 14 December 2022 (02:03:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0360.v1

The Effect of Small Particulate Matter on Tourism and Related SMEs in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Phisek Srinamphon, Sainatee Chernbumroong, Korrakot Tippayawong

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: tourism and related; SMEs; small particulate matters; association rules; data mining

Online: 27 June 2022 (10:24:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0257.v1

Cautionary Observations Concerning the Introduction of Psychophysiological Biomarkers into Neuropsychiatric Practice

Paul E. Rapp, Christopher Cellucci, David Darmon, David Keyser

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: biomarkers; electroencephalography; event related potentials; heart rate variability; diagnosis; sensitivity; specificity

Online: 17 March 2022 (15:19:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0772.v1

Wing Lok Chan, Horace Cheuk-Wai Choi, Patty Pui-Ying Ho, Johnny Kin-San Lau, Rosa Pui-Ying Tse, Joyce Au, Vivian Lam, Ronald Liu, Isaac Ho, Charlotte Wong, Ben Cheung, Eric Lam, Daryn Chow, Ka-On Lam, Kwok-Keung Yuen, Dora Lai-Wan Kwong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Immune checkpoint inhibitors; immune-related endocrine dysfunction; hypothyroidism; targeted therapy; malignancy

Online: 31 May 2021 (12:49:40 CEST)

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Abstract Background The number of immune-related endocrine dysfunctions (irEDs) has concurrently increased with the widespread use of immunotherapy in clinical practice and further expansion of the approved indications for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combinations using different modalities of anti-cancer treatment. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on consecutive patients >18 years of age with advanced solid malignancies who had received at least one dose of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) and/or anti-CTLA4 antibodies between January 2014 and December 2019 at a Hong Kong university hospital. Patients were reviewed for up to two months after the last administration of an ICI. The types, onset times and grades of irEDs, including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, adrenal insufficiency and immune-related diabetes mellitus, were recorded. Factors associated with irEDs were identified using multivariate analysis. Result A total of 953 patients (male: 603, 64.0%; median age: 62.0 years) received ICIs during the study period. Of these, 580 patients (60.9%) used ICI-alone, 132 (13.9%) used dual-ICI, 187 (19.6%) used an ICI combined with chemotherapy (chemo+ICI), and 54 (5.70%) used immunotherapy with a targeted agent (targeted+ICI). A significantly higher proportion of patients using targeted+ICI had irEDs and hypothyroidism; in contrast, a higher proportion of patients using dual-ICI had adrenal insufficiency. There was no significant difference in the incidence of irED between the younger (<65 years) and older (>65 years) patients. Using logistic regression, only treatment type was significantly associated with irEDs. Notably, older patients had a higher risk of having immune-related diabetes mellitus. Conclusions This large, real-world cohort demonstrates that combining ICI with targeted therapy has a higher risk of overall irED and hypothyroidism. Immunotherapy is safe and well-tolerated regardless of age, but close monitoring of fasting glucose is needed in older populations.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Photothermal Killing of A549 Cells and Autophagy Induction by Bismuth Selenide Nanoparticles

Yue You, Jinxia Li, Linlin Chen, Mei Wang, Xinghua Dong, Liang Yan, Aiping Zhang, Feng Zhao

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: bismuth selenide nanoparticles; photothermal killing; apoptosis; autophagy; stress-related signaling pathway

Online: 10 May 2021 (10:52:30 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Behavioral, Emotional and Social Apathy in Alcohol-Related Cognitive Disorders

Maud E.G. van Dorst, Yvonne C.M. Rensen, Masud Husain, Roy P.C. Kessels

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: apathy; neuropsychology; Korsakoff’s syndrome; alcohol use disorder; alcohol-related cognitive disorders

Online: 8 April 2021 (10:12:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0282.v1

The Deficit of Multimodal Perception of Congruent and Non-congruent Fearful Expressions in Patients with Schizophrenia: The ERP Study

Galina V Portnova, Aleksandra Maslennikova, Natalia Zakharova, Olga V Martynova

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: EEG; event-related potentials; schizophrenia; fearful expressions; perception; non-congruent sounds

Online: 11 December 2020 (12:58:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0243.v2

Morphological and Molecular Status of Daphne Wolongensis Brickell et Mathew as Genetic Resource for Horticulture

Vojtěch Holubec, Leona Leišová-Svobodová

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: Daphne wolongensis; distribution; morphology; relationships; genetics; AFLP; related species; Rehdera section

Online: 16 September 2020 (03:12:31 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Does the Prevalence of Fabella Vary in Knee Osteoarthritis and Age-Related Degeneration? A Meta-Analysis of over 11,000 Knees

Adil Asghar, Shagufta Naaz, Ravi Kant Narayan, Anup Kumar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Knee Joints; Osteoarthritis (OA); Age-related degeneration (ARD)

Online: 7 July 2020 (03:01:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0080.v1

SHERLOCK and DETECTR: CRISPR-Cas Systems as Potential Rapid Diagnostic Tools for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Cancer-Associated Mutations

Mujahed Mustafa, Abdelrafie Makhawi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: cancer-related viruses; CRISPR-Cas diagnostic tools; DETECTR; infectious disease; SHERLOCKv2

Online: 7 April 2020 (09:43:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0009.v1

Effect of Tea Polyphenol on Serum Hormone, Serum Enzyme Activity and Antioxidant-Related Gene Expression in Chinese Yellow Chicken under Heat Stress

Minxuan Yang, Yinglin Lu, Qizhao Zhu, Peng Gao, Xiaolei Xie, Debing Yu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: tea polyphenol; serum hormone; enzyme activity; immune function, enzyme-related genes

Online: 1 August 2019 (05:18:08 CEST)

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The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of tea polyphenol （TP） on serum hormone, serum enzyme activity, antioxidant-related and immune-related gene expression of laying hens under heat stress. A total of 288 Chinese yellow chicken (186 days old) were randomly distributed among two treatments, each of which included 6 replicates of 24 hens. Dietary treatments were that the basal diet was supplemented with 200 mg / kg tea polyphenol. The study lasted for 7 weeks, including 1 week of adaptation and 6 weeks of the formal test. The content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and total protein (TP) in serum significantly decreased by dietary supplementation with tea polyphenol. Dietary tea polyphenol supplementation improved serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activity and decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content in treatments compared to the control. However, supplementation of tea polyphenol did not affect the activity of serum catalase (CAT). The results indicated that long-term feeding of tea polyphenols help to increase the amount of hormones (FSH, E2) associated with reproduction in laying hens and thus improve egg production. It also improved the immune function of laying hens in high temperature environments. Adding tea polyphenols to the diet can significantly increase the serum IgG, IgM content of the laying hens and can upregulate the IgA content. Dietary supplementation of tea polyphenols in the laying hens significantly increased the expression of antioxidant enzyme-related genes (SOD, CAT and GPX1) in the liver. Moreover, the addition of tea polyphenols significantly increased the expression of immune-related genes (Interferon-γ (INF-γ), Interleukin 2 (IL-2) and Interleukin 4 (IL-4)) in the spleen. It is concluded that addition of tea polyphenols has a positive effect on antioxidant activity and immune function of laying hens.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0527.v1

Cross-Modal Priming Effect of Rhythm on Visual Word Recognition and Its Relationships to Music Aptitude and Reading Achievement

Tess S. Fotidzis, Heechun Moon, Jessica R. Steele, Cyrille L. Magne

Subject: Social Sciences, Cognitive Science Keywords: implicit prosody; rhythm sensitivity; event related potentials; reading achievement; musical aptitude

Online: 23 October 2018 (08:30:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0347.v2

Inhibition of Experimental Choroidal Neovascularization by a Novel Peptide Derived from Calreticulin Anti-Angiogenic Domain

Youn-Shen Bee, Yi‐Ling Ma, Jinying Chen, Pei-Jhen Tsai, Shwu-Jiuan Sheu, Hsiu-Chen Lin, Hu Huang, Guei-Sheung Liu, Ming-Hong Tai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: choroidal neovascularization; neovascular age-related macular degeneration; calreticulin anti-angiogenic domain

Online: 18 September 2018 (06:27:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0061.v1

Ozlem Koseoglu Ornek, Erdem Sevim

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Work-related stress; occupational stress; coping profile; garment workers; textile workers

Online: 7 February 2018 (10:26:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0102.v1

Age-Related Diseases as Vicious Cycles

Aleksey V. Belikov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: aging; age-related disease; mortality rate; positive feedback loop; vicious cycle

Online: 18 April 2017 (02:45:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0739.v1

Alterations in Graph Network Connectivity Predict Neurocognitive Changes in Patients Undergoing Brain Tumor Surgery

David G Ellis, David Warren, Matthew Garlinghouse, Michele R Aizenberg

Subject: Neuroscience And Neurology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Brain connectivity; brain tumor; graph theory; connectome; neuropsychological evaluation

Online: 13 May 2024 (07:47:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0692.v1

Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: What Is the Best Surgical Option?

Renato Patrone, Federico Maria Mongardini, Alessandra Conzo, Chiara Cacciatore, Giovanni Cozzolino, Antonio Catauro, Eduardo Lanza, Francesco Izzo, Andrea Belli, Raffaele Palaia, Luigi Flagiello, Ferdinando De Vita, Ludovico Docimo, Giovanni Conzo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: pNET; Neuroendocrine tumors; Pancreas tumor; pancreatic cancer; enucleation; Pancreatectomy

Online: 10 April 2024 (13:05:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1500.v1

Defucosylated Anti-CD44 Monoclonal Antibodies Exert Antitumor Activities against Esophageal Tumor Xenograft

Kenichiro Ishikawa, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Tomokazu Ohishi, Akira Ohkoshi, Mika K Kaneko, Yukio Katori, Yukinari Kato

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: CD44; monoclonal antibody; ADCC; CDC; esophageal tumor; antitumor activity

Online: 26 March 2024 (08:14:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1608.v1

Molecular Mechanisms of Erastin-Induced Ferroptosis in Human Ovarian Tumor Cells

Birandra K Sinha, Murphy Carri, Shalyn M Brown, Brian Siver, Erik J Tokar, Carl D Bortner

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Erastin; Ferroptosis; Ovarian Tumor calls; RSL3; Reactive Oxygen Species

Online: 28 February 2024 (06:56:27 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0092.v1

Mechanism of Action of Intestinal Microorganisms and Progress in Head and Neck Tumors

Xialu Su, Faqiang Ma, Feng Jin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: intestinal flora; head and neck tumors; tumor immunity; therapy

Online: 3 January 2024 (07:36:32 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1417.v2

Cellular Response to an Act of Surviving Drives Tumor Evolution and Tumor Heterogeneity

Yuntian Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: tumor heterogeneity; cancer progression; oncogene addiction; cancer stem cell

Online: 13 November 2023 (10:39:49 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1503.v1

Lambert Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome: A Bridge Diagnostic For Occult Tumor

Marcelo De Moura Campos, Eduardo Pagliarini, Amanda Locks, Marcus Gonçalves

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Lambert-Eaton; Paraneoplastic Syndrome; Tumor; SCLC; Antibodies; COVID-19

Online: 24 October 2023 (08:39:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1204.v1

Alterations in Intratumoral Immune Response Before and Early-on-Treatment of Nivolumab in Unresectable Advanced or Recurrent Gastric Cancer

Yasuyoshi Sato, Hiroharu Yamashita, Yukari Kobayashi, Koji Nagaoka, Tetsuro Hisayoshi, Takuya Kawahara, Akihiro Kuroda, Noriyuki Saito, Ryohei Iwata, Yasuhiro Okumura, Koichi Yagi, Susumu Aiko, Sachiyo Nomura, Kazuhiro Kakimi, Yasuyuki Seto

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: gastric cancer; Nivolumab; immune response; tumor microenvironment; RNA-Seq

Online: 19 October 2023 (03:29:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0227.v1

Environmental Enrichment in Cancer: A Possible Tool to Combat Tumor Development: A Systematic Review

Matheus Santos Fernandes, Tiago Ramos Lacerda, Débora Eduarda da Silva Fidelis, Gabriela Carvalho Jurema Santos, Tayrine Ordonio Filgueira, Raphael Fabrício De Souza, Claúdia Jacques Lagranha, Fábio Santos Lira, Angela Castoldi, Fabricio Oliveira Souto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Enriched Environment; Cancer; Tumor growth; angiogenesis; pro-oncogenic factor

Online: 4 October 2023 (09:35:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1432.v1

Adding Value to Liquid Biopsy for Brain Tumors: The Role of Imaging

Nastaran Khalili, Hossein Shooli, Nastaran Hosseini, Anahita Fathi Kazerooni, Ariana Familiar, Sina Bagheri, Hannah Anderson, Stephen J. Bagley, Ali Nabavizadeh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Imaging; Liquid biopsy; glioma; glioblastoma; focused ultrasound; tumor biomarkers

Online: 21 September 2023 (07:24:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2027.v1

Analysis of Gene Expression Networks in Primary Central Nervous System Tumors for Drug Repurposing Prospects

Brian Harvey Avanceña Villanueva, Po-Wei Tsai, Lemmuel L. Tayo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: central nervous system tumor; co-expression network; drug repurposing

Online: 30 August 2023 (09:04:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1188.v1

β2-Adrenergic Receptor Mediated Inhibition of T Cell Function And Its Implications For CAR-T Cell Therapy

Muhammad Asad Farooq, Iqra Ajmal, Xinhui Hui, Yiran Chen, Renzheng Yang, Wenzheng Jiang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: CAR-T therapy, Immunosuppression, Tumor microenvironment, adrenergic stress,; immunotherapy

Online: 18 July 2023 (10:29:29 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1673.v1

Unintentional Two-Stage Surgery of Hypervascular Choroid Plexus Papilloma considering Venous Drainage: A Case Report

Daishiro Abe, Kohei Kanaya, Takafumi Kiuchi, Sumio Kobayashi, Kenji Sano, Tetsuyoshi Horiuchi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: choroid plexus papilloma; hypervascular tumor; surgical strategy; venous drainage

Online: 23 June 2023 (12:00:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0223.v1

Characteristics of Nephroblastoma / Nephroblastomatosis in Children With a Clinically Reported Underlying Malformation or Cancer Predisposition Syndrome

Nils Welter, Angelo Wagner, Rhoikos Furtwängler, Patrick Melchior, Leo Kager, Christian Vokuhl, Jens-Peter Schenk, Clemens Magnus Meier, Stefan Siemer, Manfred Gessler, Norbert Graf

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: nephroblastoma; clinical malformations; cancer predisposition syndromes; tumor surveillance; outcome

Online: 10 August 2021 (09:55:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0551.v1

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases as Candidate Prognostic Biomarkers in Meningioma

Rafael Roesler, Barbara Kunzler Souza, Gustavo R. Isolan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: epidermal growth factor receptor; ErbB; biomarker; meningioma; intracranial tumor

Online: 23 July 2021 (22:06:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0527.v1

Fate of Surgical Patients with Small Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: An International Study Using Multi-Institutional Registries

In Woong Han, Jangho Park, Eun Young Park, So Jeong Yoon, Gang Jin, Dae Wook Hwang, Kuirong Jiang, Wooil Kwon, Xuefeng Xu, Jin Seok Heo, Delinag Fu, Woo-Jung Lee, Xueli Bai, Yoo-Seok Yoon, Yinmo Yang, Keun Soo Ahn, Chunhui Yuan, Hyeon Kook Lee, Bei Sun, Eun Kyu Park, Seung Eun Lee, Sunghwa Kang, Wen hui Lou, Sang-Jae Park

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Nonfunctioning neuroendocrine tumor of pancreas; Prognosis; Resection; Risk factors

Online: 23 July 2021 (08:07:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0641.v2

Brain Tumor Detection based on Ensemble Learning

Donghyun Kim

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: brain tumor; machine learning; ensemble methods; convolutional neural networks

Online: 8 June 2021 (13:53:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0573.v1

A Surgical Pen-Type Probe Design for Real-Time Optical Diagnosis of Tumor Status using 5-Aminolevulinic acid

Ki-Cheol Yoon, Kwang Gi Kim, Seung Hoon Lee

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: fluorescence microscopy; fluorescence emission, malignant tumor, diagnosis, animal experiment

Online: 21 April 2021 (11:47:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0557.v1

Design of a Surgical Pen-Type Probe for Real-Time Diagnosis of Vascular Flow Using Indocyanine Green (ICG) Fluorescence Dye

Ki-Cheol Yoon, Kwang Gi Kim, Seung Hoon Lee

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: fluorescence microscopy; fluorescence emission; malignant tumor; diagnosis; animal experiment

Online: 21 April 2021 (08:30:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0315.v1

Characterisation of Immune Cell Subsets of Tumour Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Brain Metastases

Priyakshi Kalita-de Croft, Haarika Chittoory, Tam Nguyen, Jodi Saunus, Woo Gyeong Kim, Amy McCart Reed, Malcolm Lim, Xavier De Luca, Kaltin Ferguson, Colleen Niland, Roberta Mazzieri, Riccardo Dolcetti, Peter Simpson, Sunil R Lakhani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Brain Metastasis; Immune Checkpoint; Tumor Microenvironment, T-cells, TILs

Online: 15 February 2021 (15:06:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0074.v1

Impact of Physical Activity on Recurrence Dynamics in Early Breast Cancer Patients

Elia Biganzoli, Christine Desmedt, Romano Demicheli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: early breast cancer; prognosis; physical activity; tumor dormancy; recurrence

Online: 2 February 2021 (08:24:31 CET)

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Several studies have suggested that pre and/or postdiagnosis physical activity can reduce the risk of recurrence in breast cancer patients, however its effect according to follow-up time has not yet been investigated. We analyzed recurrence and mortality dynamics in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) from Australia and Canada. The combined Australian RCTs evaluated, at median follow-up of 8.3 years, an 8-month pragmatic exercise intervention in 337 women with newly diagnosed breast cancer, while the Canadian RCT evaluated, at median follow-up of 7.4 years, supervised aerobic or resistance exercise during chemotherapy in 242 patients. For each RCT, the control arm consisted of patients undergoing usual care. We estimated the event dynamics by the discrete hazard function, through flexible regression of yearly conditional event probabilities with generalized additive models. In the considered RCTs, the recurrence and mortality risk of patients enrolled in the physical activity arm was stably reduced at medium/long term after five year of follow-up. In the Australian RCTs where patients were recruited by urban versus rural area, the latter group did not display benefit from physical activity. Estimated Odds Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) for Disease Free Survival (DFS) in urban women were 0.63 (0.22-1.85); 0.27 (0.079-0.90); 0.11 (0.013-0.96) at the 3rd, 5th and 7th year of follow-up, respectively. For rural women, DFS patterns were overlapping with ORs approximating 1 at the different years of follow-up. Although not reaching statistical evidence, the estimates in the Canadian trial were in line with the results from the Australian urban women with ORs (95% CI) forDFS of 0.70 (0.33-1.50); 0.47 (0.19-1.18); 0.32 (0.077-1.29) at 3rd, 5th, 7th follow-up year, respectively. While we acknowledge that the analyzed RCTs were not designed for investigating disease recurrence over time, these results support the evidence that physical activity reduces the risk of developing medium/long-term metastases. Additional translational research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying these observations.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0307.v1

Female Germ Cell Development, Functioning and Associated Adversities Under Unfavorable Circumstances

Dinesh Bharti, Manisha Tikka, Sang-Yun Lee, Eun-Yeong Bok, Hyeon-Jeong Lee, Gyu Jin Rho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: gametogenesis; oocytes; pathways; signaling; stem cells; differentiation; tumor; cancer

Online: 18 January 2021 (09:14:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0283.v1

Evaluation of Anticancer Efficacy of Cyclosaplin Using a Silk Based 3D Tumor Model

Abheepsa Mishra, Sourav K. Mukhopadhyay, Satyahari Dey

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: breast cancer; cyclosaplin; 3D tumor model; peptide, sandalwood; silk

Online: 29 January 2019 (03:26:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0154.v1

Clinical Significance of Nectin-4 Expression in Metastasis and Angiogenesis for Tumor Relapse

Chinmayee Sethy, Kunal Goutam, Deepika Nayak, Rajalaxmi Pradhan, Sefinew Molla, Subhajit Chatterjee, Niranjan Rout, Michael Wyatt, Satya Narayan, Chanakya Kundu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Nectin-4; metastasis; angiogenesis; circulating tumor cells; cancer relapse

Online: 8 October 2018 (15:52:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0545.v1

miR-3687 Overexpression Promotes Bladder Cancer Cell Growth Through Inhibiting the Negative Effect of FOXP1 on Cyclin E2 Transcription

Qipeng Xie, Caiyi Chen, Haiying Li, Huiying Yan, Jiheng Xu, Dapang Rao, Huxiang Zhang, Honglei Jin, Haishan Huang, Chuanshu Huang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: miR-3687, FOXP1, cyclin E2, Bladder Cancer, Tumor formation

Online: 27 September 2018 (13:05:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0073.v1

Tumor Size-Dependent Anticancer Efficacy of Chlorin Derivatives for Photodynamic Therapy

Ji-Eun Chang, Yang Liu, Woo Kyoung Lee, Il Yoon, Kwhanmien Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: cancer treatment; chlorin; Photodynamic therapy (PDT); photosensitizer; tumor size

Online: 3 May 2018 (12:16:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0100.v1

Role of Zucchini and Its Distinctive Components in the Modulation of Degenerative Processes: Genotoxicity, Antigenotoxicity, Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Effects

Damián Martínez-Valdivieso, Rafael Font, Zahira Fernández-Bedmar, Tania Merinas-Amo, Pedro Gómez, Ángeles Alonso-Moraga, Mercedes Del Río-Celestino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: cancer; carotenoid; chemoprevention; Cucurbita; cytotoxicity; DNA-protection; tumor cells

Online: 11 May 2017 (17:31:47 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0120.v2

Synthesis and Anti-Tumor Activity of Oleanolic Acid Derivatives

Kuai ZhenYu, Lei Li, Shengwen Zhan, Chunlin Li, Yuwei Zhao, Hongrong Chen, Yanqiu Meng

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: oleanolic acid derivatives; synthesis; anti-tumor activity; molecular docking; computer-aided drug design

Online: 24 April 2017 (12:08:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0148.v1

Unveiling Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Narrative Review of Etiology, Drug Holidays, and Treatment Strategies

Ji-Hyeon Oh, Seong-Gon Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw; drug holiday; treatment; tooth extraction; incidence

Online: 2 February 2024 (11:48:46 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1059.v1

Human Resources Management Development Regarding Work-Related Flow in Contrast to Either Happiness or PERMA Factors for Career Sustainability

Carol Nash

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Human Resources And Organizations Keywords: HRM; career sustainability; work-related flow; Csikszentmihalyi; happiness; PERMA; positive psychology; MDPI

Online: 15 January 2024 (10:27:51 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1816.v1

Outcomes of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in an Overlapping Case of Advanced Systemic Sclerosis and IgG4-Related Disease

Alisa Julija Dulko, Irena Butrimienė, Rita Rugienė, Alma Čypienė, Valdas Pečeliūnas, Donatas Petroška

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: IgG4-related disease; systemic sclerosis; overlap syndrome; autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Online: 25 December 2023 (05:46:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0984.v1

“I Genuinely Believe This Is the Most Stigmatised Group within the Social Care Sector.” Health and Social Care Professionals Experiences of Dealing with People with Alcohol Related Brain Damage: A Qualitative Interview Study

Peter Johan Kruithof, William McGovern, Catherine Haighton

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Stigma; alcohol related brain damage; qualitative research; health and social care professionals

Online: 15 November 2023 (09:46:24 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0789.v1

Extended Duration Anti-VEGF Therapy for Chorioretinal Vascular Diseases: Successes, Failures and Challenges

Azeem Hasan, Darby D Miller, Michael W. Stewart

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Angiogenesis; Age-related macular degeneration; diabetic retinopathy; intravitreal injections; retinal vein occlusions

Online: 13 November 2023 (10:37:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1720.v2

“Life Starts at Less than Zero”: Trauma and Coping among Iraqi and Syrian Refugees

Bediha Ipekci

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Iraqi and Syrian refugees; displacement-related stressors; eco-systemic resilience; cultural racism

Online: 8 November 2023 (02:03:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0525.v1

Association of gut microbiota with age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Chen Li, Peirong Lu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Age-related macular degeneration; Glaucoma; Gut microbiota; Mendelian randomization; Gut-retina axis

Online: 9 October 2023 (14:55:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0268.v1

COVID-19-Induced Shift to Teach and Study from Home: Evaluating Musculoskeletal Health and Contributing Factors in Saudi University Students and Faculty during Online Education

Junaid Amin, Raheela Kanwal, Omar W Althomali, Tolgahan Acar, Salman Amin, Bodor Bin Sheeha

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: occupational health; online education; pain; students; teachers; work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs)

Online: 5 October 2023 (09:28:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0943.v2

Construction and application of CRISPR-mediated TBCK-Knockout system in multiple human and mouse cell models

JIN WU, JIANJUN ZHU, ANDREW DYNKA, JINGJIA CHANG, Xintong Zhang, JUN JIANG, GUANTING LU

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: TBCK, CRISPR-Cas9, MIA PaCa-2, HT1080, transcriptome analysis, cancer-related pathways

Online: 29 August 2023 (08:48:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1917.v1

Therapeutic Strategies for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Are Centered on Natural Product

Moon Nyeo Park

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; pancreatic stellate cells; pancreatic cancer-related diabetes; natural product

Online: 29 August 2023 (03:22:01 CEST)

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) a highly malignant neoplasm, is classified as one of the most severe and devastating types of cancer. PDAC is a notable malignancy that exhibits a discouraging prognosis and a rising occurrence. The interplay between diabetes and pancreatic cancer exhibits a reciprocal causation. The identified metabolic disorder has been observed to possess noteworthy consequences on health outcomes, resulting in elevated rates of morbidity. The principal mechanisms involve the suppression of the immune system, the activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), and the onset of systemic metabolic disease caused by dysfunction of the islets. From this point forward, it is important to recognize that pancreatic cancer-related diabetes (PCRD) has the ability to increase the likelihood of developing pancreatic cancer. This highlights the complex relationship that exists between these two physiological states. Therefore, we investigate into the complex domain of PSCs, elucidating their intricate signaling pathways and the profound influence of chemokines on their behavior and final outcome. In order to surmount the obstacle of drug resistance and eliminate PDAC, researchers have undertaken extensive efforts to explore and cultivate novel natural compounds of the next generation. Additional investigation is necessary in order to comprehensively comprehend the effect of PCRD-mediated apoptosis on the progression and onset of PDAC through the utilization of natural compound. This study aims to examine the potential anticancer properties of natural compound in individuals with diabetes who are undergoing chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. It is anticipated that these compounds will exhibit increased potency and possess enhanced pharmacological benefits. According to our research findings, it is indicated that naturally derived chemical compounds hold potential in the development of PDAC therapies that are both safe and efficacious.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0455.v1

Development and Validation of a Canine Health Related QoL Questionnaire and a Human-Canine Bond Questionnaire for Use in Veterinary Practice

Robert P. Lavan, Muna Tahir, Christina O’Donnell, Alex Bellenger, Elodie DeBock, Patricia Koochaki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: canine; health-related quality of life; human-canine bond; validity; reliability; outcomes

Online: 4 August 2023 (14:36:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0209.v1

The Earth’s Rotation-Related Seismicity as a Precursor to the 2023 Mw 7.8 Gaziantep, Turkey Earthquake

Yane Li, Xuezhong Chen, Lijuan Chen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Earth's rotation-related; seismicity; the Mw 7.8 Turkey earthquake; Schuster test; precursor

Online: 3 August 2023 (08:02:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1984.v1

Pretreatment Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment in Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients

Veronika Juríčková, Dan Fayette, Juraj Jonáš, Iveta Fajnerová, Jiří Horáček

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: Cancer-related cognitive impairment; Hodgkin lymphoma; neuropsychology; affective distress; quality of life

Online: 28 July 2023 (09:23:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1417.v1

Phenotypic Differences among Recently Diagnosed Drug-Naïve Patients with Parkinson’s Disease with or without SNCA Polymorphisms

Santiago Pérez-Lloret, Alejandro Enet, Guenson Chevalier, Sofia Bordet, Hanny Barbar, Francisco Capani, Lucas Udovin, Matilde Otero-Losada, Francisco Barrantes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: single nucleotide polymorphism; Parkinson’s disease; alpha-synuclein; phenotype, pathophysiology; PD-related variants

Online: 20 July 2023 (12:46:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1026.v1

The Paradigm of the EMT Process. Tissue-Specific Factors as a Potential Treatment Tool for Prostate Cancer Patients

Martyna Ewa Parol-Kulczyk, Dariusz Grzanka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: epithelial-mesenchymal transition; prostate cancer; tissue biomarkers; microRNA; EMT-related proteins; metastasis

Online: 14 July 2023 (16:12:32 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0428.v1

Quality of Life in Cancer Patients: The Modern Psycho-Oncologic Approach for Romania – a Review

Monica Licu, Sorin Paun, Claudiu Gabriel Ionescu

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: quality of life; health-related quality of life; psychosocial factors; psycho-oncology

Online: 6 June 2023 (09:36:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0147.v1

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA): A Review of the Current Literature

Ahmed Javed, Aishwarya Khanna, Eleanor Palmer, Craig Wilde, Anwar Zaman, Gavin Orr, Dharmalingam Kumudhan, Arun Lakshmanan, Georgios D Panos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Ophthalmic imaging; Optical coherence tomography; Age-related macular degeneration; Glaucoma; Retinal conditions

Online: 8 February 2023 (11:28:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0504.v1

Development and Validation of UPLC-Qtof-MS Method for Blood Analysis of Amphetamine-Related Drug Isomers

Ahmad Alamir, James Watterson, Ibraheem Attafi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Amphetamine-related drugs; Forensic Toxicology; blood; UPLC-qTOF-MS; MMSPE; Validation; SWGTOX

Online: 30 August 2022 (04:09:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0385.v1

16-Week Supplementation With a Mediterranean Diet-Inspired Ingredient Rich in a Diversity of Polyphenols Improves Health-Related Quality of Life of Overweight and Obese Volunteers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Clinical Trial

Cindy Romain, Linda H. Chung, Elena Marín-Cascales, Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias, Sylvie Gaillet, Caroline Laurent, Juana María Morillas-Ruiz, Alejandro Martinez-Rodriguez, Pedro Miguel Alcaraz, Julien Cases

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Health-related quality of life; Vitality; Body composition; Phenolic compounds; Mediterranean diet

Online: 15 December 2020 (13:09:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0662.v1

Seven Years Maintenance Cost of Implant-Retained Overdentures on Ball Versus Locator ® Abutments.

Jan D'haese, Carine Matthys, Hamed Sahak, Jos Besseler, Hugo De Bruyn

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: maintenance cost; patient related outcome measurements; quality of life; mandibular overdentures; edentulism

Online: 26 November 2020 (10:40:14 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2227.v1

Immune Cytolytic Activity and Strategies for Therapeutic Treatment

Stephanie Agioti, Apostolos Zaravinos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Cytolytic Activity (CYT); Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs); Gene Expression Profiling; Spatial Analysis Techniques; Immune Checkpoint Pathways; Tumor Microenvironment (TME); Antigen Presentation; Metabolic Pathways

Online: 31 January 2024 (12:32:26 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0826.v1

An Unusual Presentation of a Newly Diagnosed Right Colonic Adenocarcinoma Complicated with Right Lower Quadrant Colonic Abscess in an Elderly Man: A Case Report and Literature Review

Divine Besong Arrey Agbor, Victoria Palmer, Annmarie Theresa Sajeev, Derek Ugwendum, Sabastain Forsah, Sefakor Akosua Atadja, Nancelle Ndema, Zafar Wahib, Foma Munoh Kenne, Jay Nfonoyim

Subject: Oncology And Oncogenics, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Colon cancer; colon abscess, colon adenocarcinoma; colon neoplasm; colorectal tumor

Online: 13 May 2024 (09:56:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0864.v1

Design of a Dispersive 1064 nm Fiber Probe Raman Imaging Spectrometer and Its Application to Human Bladder Resectates

Juan David Munoz-Bolanos, Tanveer Ahmed Shaik, Arkadiusz Miernik, Juergen Popp, Christoph Krafft

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: bladder tumor; Raman imaging; 1064 nm; cluster analysis; Python toolbox

Online: 15 April 2024 (09:07:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0157.v1

Stimuli-Sensitive Polymeric Micelles Formulations Enhance the Cytostatic Effect against the Leukemia Cells via “Aikido” Principle Realization

Igor D. Zlotnikov, Alexander A. Ezhov, Natalia Vladimirovna Dobryakova, Elena V. Kudryashova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: glutathione sensitivity, tumor targeting, polymeric micelles, doxorubicin, non-target toxicity

Online: 2 February 2024 (14:08:44 CET)

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Currently, the most promising work seems to be aimed not so much at the development of new drugs, but rather at creating ways of targeted delivery of existing drugs. In this paper, we show that polymeric micelles based on chitosan, heparin grafted with lipoic and oleic acids residues demonstrate the potential for doxorubicin delivery to tumors due to pH-, glutathione-sensitivity. Smart delivery systems use the Aikido principle, i.e. they target tumor cells according to their features. Natural polysaccharides (heparin and chitosan) provide the pH sensitivity of micelles: the release of doxorubicin (Dox) is enhanced in a slightly acidic environment (model tumor microenvironment). Fatty acid residues are necessary for the formation of micelles and solubilization of cytostatics in a hydrophobic core. Lipoic acid residues formed a labile S-S cross-linking between polymer chains (the first method), and also covalently attached doxorubicin molecules through glutathione-sensitive S-S bridges (the second option) – determine Redox sensitivity of micelles to tumors. The characterization of polymeric micelles and prodrugs (Dox-polymer) was carried out using FTIR spectroscopy. The release of doxorubicin from micelles occurs slowly (20% / 6h) in an environment with a pH of 7.4 and the absence of glutathione, while in a slightly acidic environment and in the presence of 10 mM glutathione, the rate increases up 6 times, with an increase in the effective concentration up to 5 times after 7 h. The permeability of free doxorubicin, micellar formulations (covalent S-S crosslinked and not) into Raji, K562, A875 cancer cells was studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), demonstrated an increase in the permeability of micellar formulations based on Dox. Thus, we have presented micellar formulations of doxorubicin for targeted delivery to tumor, what is important in the aspects of reducing non-target toxicity, increasing the selectivity of cytostatics against tumors and overcome multidrug resistance.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0143.v1

Research Progress of NK Cell-Based Nanomaterials in Tumor Immunotherapy and Imaging

Yachan Feng, Haojie Zhang, Jiangtao Shao, Chao Du, Xiaolei Zhou, Xueling Guo, Yingze Wang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: NK cell immunotherapy; Nanomaterials; Tumor immunotherapy; Target Block; Drug Carrier

Online: 2 February 2024 (08:46:23 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1304.v1

Tissue-Based Biomarkers in Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancer: A Narrative Review

Olga Kouroukli, Vasiliki Bravou, Konstantinos Giannitsas, Vasiliki Tzelepi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: AVPC; biomarkers; NEPC; transdifferentiation; ADT; tumor suppressors; DDR; epigenetic regulation

Online: 17 January 2024 (11:29:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0758.v1

Correlation Between Tumor Differentiation and Biomarkers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Implications for Early Diagnosis and Treatment

Mr Tufael, Auditi kar, Vijay Jagdish Upadhye, Atiqur Rahman Sunny, Antonio Raposo, Md. Saidul Islam, Md Haroon Or Rashid, Mohammad Anowar Hussen, Heesup Han, Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho, Md. Sefaul Ullah, Md. Mizanur Rahman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Tumor markers; Chemiluminescence assay; Occupational exposure; Early diagnosis

Online: 10 January 2024 (05:44:27 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0843.v1

Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Delivery Vector-Assisted Targeted Controlled Release mRNA Vaccines in Tumor Immunity

Liusheng Wu, Xiaoqiang Li, Xinye Qian, Shuang Wang, Jixian Liu, Jun Yan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs); mRNA vaccine; Tumor immunity; Delivery vector; Review

Online: 13 December 2023 (03:35:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0357.v1

Carcinogenic Effect of Human Tumors-Derived Cell Free-Filtrates in Nude Mice

Jorge Berlanga-Acosta, Ernesto Arteaga-Hernandez, Ariana Garcia-Ojalvo, Marisol Rodriguez-Touseiro, Dayanis Duvergel-Calderin, Jose Suarez-Alba, Dasha Fuentes-Morales, Osmany Mendoza-Fuentes, Laura Lopez-Marín, Gerardo Guillen-Nieto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Cells-free filtrate; tumor homogenate; cancer; nude mice; malignant transformation

Online: 7 November 2023 (07:07:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1343.v1

Potential of Alkalization Therapy for the Management of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Study

Masahide Isowa, Reo Hamaguchi, Ryoko Narui, Hiromasa Morikawa, Toshihiro Okamoto, Hiromi Wada

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Pancreatic cancer; Cancer metabolism; Alkalization therapy; Tumor microenvironment; Urine pH

Online: 20 October 2023 (11:44:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0583.v1

C-met+ CTLs Exhibit Enhanced Cytotoxicity in Mouse and Human In Vitro Tumor Models

Mahdia Benkhoucha, Ngoc Lan Tran, Isis Senoner, Gautier Breville, Hajer Fritah, Denis Migliorini, Valérie Dutoit, Patrice H. Lalive

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: c-Met; HGF; CTLs; CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes; spheroids; tumor

Online: 10 October 2023 (08:09:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0846.v1

Rhabdomyosarcoma: Current Therapy, Challenges, and Future Approaches to Treatment Strategies

Ali Zarrabi, David Perrin, Mahboubeh Kavoosi, Micah Sommer, Serap Sezen, Parvaneh Mehrbod, Bhavya Bhushan, Filip Machaj, Jakub Rosik, Philip Kawalec, Saba Afifi, Seyed Mohammadreza Bolandi, Peyman Koleini, Mohsen Taheri, Tayyebeh Madrakian, Marek Jan Łos, Benjamin Lindsey, Nilufer Cakir, Atefeh Zarepour, Kiavash Hushmandi, Ali Fallah, Bahattin Koc, Mazaher Ahmadi, Susan E. Logue, Gorka Orive, Stevan Pecic, Joseph W. Gordon, Saeid Ghavami

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Unfolded Protein Response; Bioengineering; Tumor Stiffness

Online: 13 September 2023 (10:32:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2123.v1

Effects of Moderate Exercise Training on Cancer-Induced Muscle Wasting

Ana Cristina Corrêa Figueira, Ana Pereira, Luis Leitão, Rita Ferreira, Paula Oliveira, José Duarte

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: Breast tumor; exercise training; gastrocnemius; soleus; cancer-induced muscle wasting

Online: 31 August 2023 (09:36:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1800.v2

Angiogenesis in Lung Cancer: Understanding the Roles of Growth Factors

Yvan Sinclair Ngaha Tchawe, Zhilenkova Angelina V., Essogmo Freddy Elad, Ikenna K. Uchendu, Abah Moses Owoicho, Lionel Tabola Fossa, Zaiana D. Sangadzhieva, Varvara D. Sanikovich, Alexander S. Rusanov, Yuliya N. Pirogova, Alexander Boroda, Alexander Rozhkov, Jean D. Kemfang Ngowa, Leonid N. Bagmet, Marina I. Sekacheva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Angiogenesis; Growth factors; Lung cancer; Tumor microenvironment; Anti-angiogenic therapy

Online: 29 August 2023 (09:24:16 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1462.v1

Current Challenges and Future Directions in the Management of Inflammatory Breast Cancer: A Review

Paolo Izzo, Luciano Izzo, Andrea Polistena, Simone Sibio, Massimo Codacci-Pisanelli, Daniele Crocetti, Paolo Meloni, Pierfrancesco Di Cello, Claudia De Intinis, Sara Izzo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: inflammatory breast cancer (IBC); review; immunotherapy; targeted therapy; tumor microenvironment

Online: 21 July 2023 (12:39:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1767.v1

Usefulness of Tumor Marker Score for Prediction of Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated with Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Kazunari Tanaka, Kunihiko Tsuji, Atsushi Hiraoka, Toshifumi Tada, Masashi Hirooka, Kazuya Kariyama, Joji Tani, Masanori Atsukawa, Koichi Takaguchi, Ei Itobayashi, Shinya Fukunishi, Toru Ishikawa, Kazuto Tajiri, Hironori Ochi, Hidenori Toyoda, Chikara Ogawa, Takashi Nishimura, Takeshi Hatanaka, Satoru Kakizaki, Noritomo Shimada, Kazuhito Kawata, Atsushi Naganuma, Hisashi Kosaka, Tomomitsu Matono, Hidekatsu Kuroda, Yutaka Yata, Hideko Ohama, Fujimasa Tada, Kazuhiro Nouso, Asahiro Morishita, Akemi Tsutsui, Takuya Nagano, Norio Itokawa, Tomomi Okubo, Taeang Arai, Keisuke Yokohama, Hiroki Nishikawa, Michitaka Imai, Yohei Koizumi, Shinichiro Nakamura, Hiroko Iijima, Masaki Kaibori, Yoichi Hiasa, Takashi Kumada

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma; tumor marker; atezolizumab plus bevacizumab; prognosis; predictive model

Online: 26 June 2023 (09:42:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1305.v1

Heat Shock Proteins Mediate Intercellular Communications within Tumor Microenvironment Cells through Extracellular Vesicles

Renata F. Saito, Maria Cristina Rangel, Andreia Hanada Otake, Camila Maria Longo Machado

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Heat-shock-protein; extracellular vesicles; reprograming tumors; tumor evolucionary pressure

Online: 18 May 2023 (08:46:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1304.v1

Molecular Networks of Platinum Drugs and Arsenic Trioxide and Its Interaction With microRNAs in Cancer

Shihori Tanabe, Eger Boonstra, Taehun Hong, Sabina Quader, Ryuichi Ono, Horacio Cabral, Kazuhiko Aoyagi, Hiroshi Yokozaki, Hiroki Sasaki

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: drug resistance; cisplatin; arsenic; tumor microenvironment; microRNA; molecular pathway network

Online: 18 May 2023 (08:41:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0705.v1

Contrast-enhanced Liver MR Synthesis using Gradient Regularized Multi-Modal Multi-Discrimination Sparse Attention Fusion GAN

Changzhe Jiao, Diane Ling, Shelly Bian, April Vassantachart, Karen Cheng, Shahil Mehta, Derrick Lock, Zhenyu Zhu, Mary Feng, Horatio Thomas, Jessica E Scholey, Ke Sheng, Zhaoyang Fan, Wensha Yang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: MR synthesis, GAN, multi-modal fusion, tumor monitoring, contrast enhancement

Online: 10 May 2023 (08:10:11 CEST)

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Purposes: To provide abdominal contrast-enhanced MR image synthesis, we developed an image gradient regularized multi-modal multi-discrimination sparse-attention fusion generative adversarial network (GRMM-GAN) to avoid repeated contrast injections to patients and facilitate adaptive monitoring. Methods: With IRB approval, 165 abdominal MR studies from 61 liver cancer patients were retrospectively solicited from our institutional database. Each study included T2, T1 pre-contrast (T1pre), and T1 contrast-enhanced (T1ce) images. The GRMM-GAN synthesis pipeline consists of a sparse attention fusion network, an image gradient regularizer (GR), and a generative adversarial network with multi-discrimination. The studies were randomly divided into 115 for training, 20 for validation, and 30 for testing. The two pre-contrast MR modalities, T2 and T1pre images, were adopted as inputs in the training phase. The T1ce image at the portal venous phase was used as an output. The synthesized T1ce images were compared with the ground truth T1ce images. The evaluation metrics include peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural-similarity-index (SSIM), and mean-squared-error (MSE). A Turing test and experts’ contours evaluated the image synthesis quality. Results: The proposed GRMM-GAN model achieved a PSNR of 28.56, an SSIM of 0.869, and an MSE of 83.27. The proposed model showed statistically significant improvements in all metrics tested with p-values <0.05 over the state-of-the-art model comparisons. The average Turing test score was 52.33%, close to random guessing, supporting the model's effectiveness for clinical application. In the tumor-specific region analysis, the average tumor contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the synthesized MR images was not statistically significant from the real MR images. The average DICE from real vs. synthetic images was 0.90, compared to the inter-operator DICE of 0.91. Conclusion: We demonstrated the function of a novel multi-modal MR image synthesis neural network, GRMM-GAN, for T1ce MR synthesis based on pre-contrast T1 and T2 MR images. GRMM-GAN shows promise for avoiding repeated contrast injections during radiation therapy treatment.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0315.v1

Current Status and De Novo Synthesis of Anti-Tumor Alkaloids in Nicotiana: A Mini-Review

Md. Ahsan Habib, Md. Mobinul Islam, Md. Mukul Islam, Md. Mohidul Hasan, Kwang-Hyun Baek

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Nicotiana; alkaloids; anti-tumor; metabolic engineering; de-novo synthesis ;

Online: 13 April 2023 (08:53:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0236.v1

BAP1 Loss Promotes Suppressive Tumor Immune Microenvironment via Up-Regulation of PROS1 in Class 2 Uveal Melanomas

Christopher J. Kaler, James J. Dollar, Anthony M. Cruz, Jeffim N. Kuznetsoff, Margaret I. Sanchez, Christina L. Decatur, Jonathan D. Licht, Keiran S.M. Smalley, Zelia M. Correa, Stefan Kurtenbach, J. William Harbour

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: uveal melanoma; BAP1; PROS1; MERTK; macrophage; tumor immune microenvironment; metastasis

Online: 16 June 2022 (10:42:50 CEST)

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Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary cancer of the eye and is associated with a high rate of metastatic death. UM can be stratified into two main classes based on metastatic risk, with class 1 UM having a low metastatic risk and class 2 UM having a high metastatic risk. Class 2 UM have a distinctive genomic, transcriptomic, histopathologic, and clinical phenotype characterized by biallelic inactivation of the BAP1 tumor suppressor gene, an immune suppressive microenvironment enriched for M2-polarized macrophages, and poor response to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. To identify potential mechanistic links between BAP1 loss and immune suppression in class 2 UM, we performed an integrated analysis of UM samples, as well as genetically engineered UM cell lines and uveal melanocytes (UMC). Using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we found that the most highly up-regulated gene associated with BAP1 loss across these datasets was PROS1, which encodes a ligand that triggers phosphorylation and activation of the immunosuppressive macrophage receptor MERTK. The inverse association between BAP1 and PROS1 in class 2 UM was confirmed by single-cell RNA-seq, which also revealed that MERTK was up-regulated in CD163+ macrophages in class 2 UM. Using ChIP-seq, BAP1 knockdown in UM cells resulted in an accumulation of H3K27ac at the PROS1 locus, suggesting epigenetic regulation of PROS1 by BAP1. Phosphorylation of MERTK in RAW 264.7 monocyte-macrophage cells was increased upon co-culture with BAP1-/- UMCs, and this phosphorylation was blocked by depletion of PROS1 in the UMCs. These findings were corroborated by multi-color immunohistochemistry, where class 2/BAP1-mutant UMs demonstrated increased PROS1 expression in tumor cells and increased MERTK phosphorylation in CD163+ macrophages compared to class 1/BAP1-wildtype UMs. Taken together, these findings provide a mechanistic link between BAP1 loss and suppression of the tumor immune microenvironment in class 2 UMs, and they implicate the PROS1-MERTK pathway as a potential target for immunotherapy in UM.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0167.v1

Convolutional Neural Network Techniques for Brain Tumor Classification (from 2015 to 2021): Review, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Yuting Xie, Fulvio Zaccagna, Leonardo Rundo, Claudia Testa, Raffaele Agati, Raffaele Lodi, David Neil Manners, Caterina Tonon

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: deep learning; convolutional neural network; brain tumor classification; clinical application

Online: 13 June 2022 (04:57:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0359.v1

Design, Synthesis and Structure-activity Relationship Studies of Meridianin Derivatives as Novel JAK/STAT3 Signaling Inhibitors

JianQiang Zhang, Rui Li, XueYang Dong, Na He, RuiJuan Yin, MengKe Yang, JieYu Liu, RiLei Yu, ChenYang Zhao, Tao Jiang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway; Meridianin derivatives; Isothiouronium; Anti-tumor activity

Online: 24 January 2022 (14:06:38 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0368.v1

Therapeutic Applications of Engineered Chimeric Antigen Receptors-T cell for Cancer Therapy

Amina Hussain

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: chimeric antigen receptors-T cell; solid tumor microenvironment; cancer therapy

Online: 25 October 2021 (15:48:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0196.v1

Folic Acid Decorated β-Cyclodextrin-Based Poly(ε-Caprolactone)/Dextran Star Polymer with Disulﬁde Bond-Linker as Theranostic Nanoparticle for Tumor-Targeted MRI and Chemotherapy

Huikang Yang, Nianhua Wang, Ruimeng Yang, Li-Ming Zhang, Xinqing Jiang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: star polymer; β-cyclodextrin; tumor-targeted; disulﬁde bond; theranostic nanoparticles

Online: 13 October 2021 (11:00:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0105.v1

The Role of Wnt/Beta-Catenin Pathway, SATB1 and SATB2 in Endometrial Cancer Patients

Paweł Sadłecki, Magdalena Bodnar, Andrzej Marszalek, Malgorzata Walentowicz-Sadlecka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: endometrial cancer; tumor microenvironment; Wnt/β-catenin pathway; SATB1; SATB2

Online: 6 September 2021 (14:29:35 CEST)

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Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an established role in various diseases and is considered a hallmark of endometrial cancer (EC). Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 and 2 (SATB1 and SATB2) are nuclear matrix-associated proteins involved in chromatin remodeling and regulation of gene expression. SATB1 promotes the progression of numerous types of cancers, whereas SATB2 acts as a tumor suppressor. Despite a recent progress in our knowledge about EC, the exact mechanisms that control their proliferation and metastatic potential still remain unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between Wnt3A, β-catenin, SATB1 and SATB2 protein level and the clinicopathological features of EC patients. 92 EC patients, aged 37-84, were enrolled to our study. The immunoexpression of WNT3A was found in specimens from all EC patients, β-catenin was expressed in 97% of the cases, SATB1 in 87%. The significant association between Wnt3a expression and tumor grade was found; moreover mean IRS for Wnt3a turned out to be significantly lower in high-grade tumors than in low-grade malignancies (p=0.038). In turn, immunoexpression of β-catenin varied significantly across FIGO stages and was associated with the presence of lymph node metastases. Mean IRS for β-catenin in patients with lymph node metastases was significantly lower than in those without (p = 0.028). The Kaplan-Meier analyses demonstrated a stepwise impairment of cancer overall survival with increasing SATB1 expression. In conclusion, both Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and SATB1 contribute to progression of EC. Downregulation of β-catenin may predispose to lymphatic spread of EC. In turn, downregulation of Wnt3a seems to be characteristic for high-grade tumors, but probably does not play a role in formation of lymph node metastases. The important role of SATB1 as a predictor of poor survival and could be helpful in establishing a more accurate prognosis in endometrial cancer patients.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0592.v1

Development of Anticancer Drugs: From Mechanical Properties of Tumor Stiffness to Cytoskeleton-Targeting Natural Products

Xiaoye Liu, Hongwei Xu, Yuting Feng, Xiaolin Hou

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: anticancer drugs; mechanical microenvironment; tumor stiffness; cytoskeleton dynamics; material approaches

Online: 26 July 2021 (15:42:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0779.v1

Lineage Plasticity in Cancer: The Tale of a Skin-walker

Archana P. Thankamony, Ayalur Raghu Subbalakshmi, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Radhika Nair

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Lineage Plasticity; Tumor Progression; Metastasis; Therapy Resistance; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity

Online: 31 May 2021 (13:48:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0513.v1

Cell Penetrating Peptides: Applications in Tumor Diagnosis and Therapeutics

Jeffrey William Stiltner, Kayla Anne McCandless, Maliha Zahid

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Cell penetrating peptides; protein transduction domains; tumor imaging; targeted therapies.

Online: 21 May 2021 (09:44:48 CEST)

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Since their identification over twenty-five years ago, the plethora of cell penetrating peptides (CPP) and their applications has skyrocketed. These 5 to 30 amino acid long peptides have the unique property of breaching the cell membrane barrier while carrying cargoes larger then themselves into cells in an intact, functional form. CPPs can be conjugated to fluorophores, activatable probes, radioisotopes or contrast agents for imaging tissues, such as tumors. There is no singular mechanism for translocation of CPPs into a cell, and therefore, many CPPs are taken up by a multitude of cell types, creating the challenge of tumor specific translocation and hindering clinical effectiveness. Varying strategies have been developed to combat this issue and enhance their diagnostic potential by derivatizing CPPs for better targeting by constructing specific cell activated forms. These methods are currently being used to image integrin expressing tumors, breast cancer cells, human histiocytic lymphoma and protease secreting fibrosarcoma cells, to name a few. Additionally, identifying safe, effective therapeutics for malignant tumors has long been an active area of research. CPPs can circumvent many of the complications found in treating cancer with conventional therapeutics by targeted delivery of drugs into tumors, thereby decreasing off-target side effects, a feat not achievable by currently employed conventional chemotherapeutics. Myriad types of chemotherapeutics such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, anti-tumor antibodies and nanoparticles can be functionally attached to these peptides leading to the possibility of delivering established and novel cancer therapeutics directly to tumor tissue. While much research is needed to overcome potential issues with these peptides, they offer a significant advancement over current mechanisms to treat cancer. In this review, we present a brief overview of the research leading to identification of CPPs with a comprehensive state of the art review on the role of these novel peptides in both cancer diagnostics as well as therapeutics.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0338.v1

Treatment Strategies and Metabolic Pathway Regulation in Urothelial Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review

Huang-Yu Yang, Chao-Yi Wu, Jia-Jin Chen, Tao-Ha Lee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Urothelial carcinoma; immune checkpoint inhibitors; immunotherapy; tumor microenvironment; metabolic pathway

Online: 16 October 2020 (08:00:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0239.v1

Prognostic Value of the Intratumoral Lymphocyte to Monocyte Ratio and M0 Macrophage Enrichment in the Melanoma Immune Microenvironment

Neil Jairath, Mark Farha, Ruple Jairath, Paul Harms, Lam Tsoi, Trilokraj Tejasvi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: Cutaneous Melanoma; Immunotherapy; Lymphocytes; Monocytes; Macrophages; RNAseq; tumor immune microenvironment

Online: 11 September 2020 (04:02:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0212.v1

Selective Cytotoxic Effects of Annona Squamosa Leaves against Breast Cancer Cells via Apoptotic Signaling Proteins

Rawan Al-Nemari, Abir Ben Bacha, Abdulrahman Al-Senaidy, Maha Arafah, Hadel Al-Saran, Nael Abutaha, Abdelhabib Semlali

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Annona squamosa; phytomedicine; proliferation; apoptosis; migration; estrogen receptor; tumor size

Online: 12 May 2020 (12:37:43 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Commercial and Emerging Technologies for Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis Based on Exosomal Biomarkers

Nareg Ohannesian, Dilani Gunawardhana, Ibrahim Misbah, Mohsen Rakhshandehroo, Steven H. Lin, Wei-Chuan Shih

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: circulating tumor biomarkers; extracellular vesicles; biological nanoparticles; liquid biopsy; biosensing

Online: 31 January 2020 (05:18:15 CET)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0207.v1

Early Detection is as Important as Imatinib in CML Treatment Success

Dmitriy Sonkin, Richard Simon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: CML; Imatinib; early detection; cancer; tumor progression; oncology; Gleevec; Glivec

Online: 18 October 2019 (07:18:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0038.v1

STAT3 and STAT5 Activation in Solid Cancers

Sebastian Igelmann, Heidi A. Neubauer, Gerardo Ferbeyre

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: solid cancers; cell cycle; apoptosis; inflammation; mitochondria; stemness; tumor suppression

Online: 5 August 2019 (03:43:33 CEST)

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