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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0596.v1

Biogenesis and Function of Small Non-Coding RNAs Derived from Eukaryotic Ribosomal RNA

Marine Lambert, Abderrahim Benmoussa, Patrick Provost

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: biogenesis; microRNAs; ribosomal RNA-derived fragment (rRF); ribosomes; small ribosomal RNA (srRNA); ribosomal DNA (rDNA); small RNAs

Online: 25 October 2018 (05:59:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0244.v1

Curating and Comparing 114 Strain-Specific Genome-Scale Metabolic Models of Staphylococcus aureus

Alina Renz, Andreas Dräger

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; MRSA; genome-scale metabolic models; model-driven discovery; strain-specific models

Online: 8 April 2021 (14:25:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0197.v1

A Study on Circular Economy Material Using Fish Scales as Natural Flame Retardant and the Properties of Its Composite Materials

Shang-Hao Liu, Ming-Yuan Shen, Cheng-You Yang, Chin-Lung Chiang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: fishery waste; epoxy; fish scale; ammonium polyphosphate; flame retardant

Online: 8 July 2021 (11:04:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0175.v1

Antineutrino Star Model of the Big Bang and Dark Energy

Tom F. Neiser

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: cosmology: theory; gravitation; early universe; dark energy; large-scale structure of universe; cosmic background radiation; neutrinos

Online: 12 June 2018 (08:43:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0071.v1

The Strong Downwelling (Upwelling) Impact on Small Pelagic Fish Production During the 2016 (2019) Negative (Positive) Indian Ocean Dipole Events in the Eastern Indian Ocean off Java

Jonson Lumban-Gaol, Eko Siswanto, Nyoman Metta N. Natih, I Wayan Nurjaya, Mochammad Tri Hartanto, Erwin Maulana, Lucky Adrianto, Kedarnath Mahapatra, Herlambang Aulia Rachman, Takahiro Osawa, Arik Permana

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: chlorophyll-a; downwelling; IOD; small pelagic fish; upwelling

Online: 2 November 2020 (19:45:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0266.v1

Improved Collecting Line Current Protection Scheme against Large-scale Wind Generators Tripping off

Wei Jin, Yuping Lu, Tao Huang

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Collecting line current protection (CLPC); coordination protection; large-scale WGs trip-off; risk indicator

Online: 18 June 2018 (13:48:38 CEST)

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There have been several cases of large-scale wind generators (WGs) tripping off caused by untimely fault removing in recent years. Currently, the discoordination between the box-type transformer fuse protection (BTFP) and two-section collecting line current protection (CLCP) brings a security risk to wind farm. In order to ensure the selectivity, the first section (Sec-I) CLCP should be set a enough interval that is longer than the fuse melting time, and another interval is set for the Sec-II CLCP, which weakens the speed of the CLCP. When a fault occurs on the collecting line, there is no doubt that WGs cannot work too long in abnormal operation, which may cause WGs to be placed off the grid. For a power system with high penetration of wind power, large-scale WGs tripping off will cause a great power shortage, and affect the stability of the power system. The selectivity and sensitivity of the CLCP is analyzed in detail to make the CLCP speed better. Considering the fault ride-through ability of WGs, the fault clear time is an important factor to lead to large-scale WGs tripping off. Two main works are done in this paper. The first is to accelerate the speed of the Sec-I CLCP though reducing the protection zone. Another one is introduce the risk assessment module into the CLCP, which not only improve the speed of the CLCP but also ensure the safety of the wind farm during faults. According to the deference in trip-off causes of WGs, the matching functions are created to assess the trip-off risk of WGs on the spot. In the case of fault, the trip-off risk indicators of WGs are timely updated to data sharing center and open to the CLCPs. The set of risk indicators is divided into several subsets according to the risk range. The dynamic changes of the subsets during fault help to improved CLCP scheme. This scheme can accelerate protection speed based on the increasing risk of large-scale WGs tripping off in wind farms. Compared with traditional CLCP, this approach can make the CLCP combines selectivity and speed better based on the analysis of the ride- through ability of WGs.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Structural Entropy Constrains Dynamics in Directed Networks

Blai Vidiella, Salva Duran-Nebreda, Sergi Valverde

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: structural entropy; dimensionality; flow dynamics; spin; directed network; scale-free

Online: 27 January 2021 (15:35:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0061.v1

Climate Change Adaptation on Small Island States: An Assessment of Limits and Constraints

Walter Leal Filho, Murukesan Krishnapillai, Henry Sidsaph, Gustavo J. Nagy, Johannes M. Luetz, Jack Dyer, Michael Otoara Ha’apio, Peni Hausia Havea, Kushaal Raj, Priyatma Singh, Tom Rogers, Chunlan Li, Ksenia Chmutina, Monica K. Boodhan, Franziska Wolf, Desalegn Yayeh Ayal, Hossein Azadi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: limits; adaptation; small island developing states; impacts; sustainable development; policy-making

Online: 4 January 2021 (16:26:11 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0058.v1

Towards Engineering Biosystems with Emergent Collective Functions

Thomas E. Gorochowski, Sabine Hauert, Jan-Ulrich Kreft, Lucia Marucci, Namid R. Stillman, T-Y. Dora Tang, Lucia Bandiera, Vittorio Bartoli, Daniel O. R. Dixon, Alex J. H. Fedorec, Harold Fellermann, Alexander G. Fletcher, Tim Foster, Luca Giuggioli, Antoni Matyjaszkiewicz, Scott McCormick, Sandra Montes Olivas, Jonathan Naylor, Ana Rubio Denniss, Daniel Ward

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: synthetic biology; multi-agent modelling; individual-based modelling; agent-based modelling; systems biology; emergence; multi-scale; bioengineering; consortia; collectives

Online: 5 May 2020 (03:45:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0252.v1

Fundamentally Good Alternative to Normal Distribution

Kabir Bindawa Abdullahi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Probability And Statistics Keywords: alternative parameterization; normal distribution; dispersion estimators; location-invariance; scale-invariance; scale-and-location-invariance

Online: 19 September 2022 (02:06:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0110.v1

An Exploratory Data Analysis on Certified Perovskite Devices Efficiency and I-V Metrics: Insights into Materials Engineering and Process Scaling Up

Jialiu Ma, Da Guo

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Perovskite; Solar cell; scale up; efficiency; certification; process

Online: 7 June 2020 (16:42:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0146.v1

Application and Comparison of MLR, ANN and CART Models for Predicting PM10 Concentration Level of Guwahati City (India)

Abhishek Dutta, Wanida Jinsart

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: particulate matter; prediction; model comparison; artificial neural network; multi-variate linear regression; small city

Online: 7 October 2020 (08:31:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0132.v1

Economical and Environmental Friendly Methods for Separation of Oil from Mill Scale

Muhammad Shoukat Hussain, Asra Shoukat, Hafiz Syed Umer Nasir, Ammara Shoukat

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: scale; by-product; economical method; environment friendly; zero waste

Online: 14 June 2019 (10:09:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0534.v1

Saint Venant and Navier-Stokes Models for Tsunami Simulations

Camille Journeau, Kévin Pons, Richard Marcer

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: tsunami; CFD; Saint Venant (SV) model; Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR); large scale propagation; 3D Navier-Stokes (NS) model; coastal impact

Online: 22 November 2018 (04:43:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0295.v1

Streamline-Based Simulation of Nanoparticle Transport in Field-Scale Heterogeneous Subsurface Systems

Bin Wang, Yin Feng, John Blears, Karsten Thompson, Richard Hughes

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Streamline-based simulation; Nanoparticle transport; Reservoir simulation; Field-scale simulation

Online: 13 September 2020 (16:03:33 CEST)

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Nanoparticle (NP) transport is increasingly relevant to subsurface engineering applications such as aquifer characterization, fracture electromagnetic imaging and environmental remediation. An efficient field-scale simulation framework is critical for predicting NP performance and designing subsurface applications. In this work, for the first time, a streamline-based model is presented to simulate NP transport in field-scale subsurface systems. It considers a series of behaviors exhibited by engineered nanoparticles (NPs), including time-triggered encapsulation, retention, formation damage effects and variable nanofluid viscosity. The key methods employed by the algorithm are streamline-based simulation (SLS) and an operator-splitting (OS) technique for modeling NP transport. SLS has proven to be efficient for solving transport in large and heterogeneous systems, where the pressure and velocity fields are firstly solved on underlying grids using finite-difference (FD) methods. After tracing streamlines, one-dimensional (1D) NP transport is solved independently along each streamline. The adoption of OS enhances flexibility for the entire solution procedure by allowing different numerical schemes to solve different governing equations efficiently and accurately. For the NP transport model, an explicit FD scheme is used to solve the advection term, an implicit FD scheme is used for the diffusion term and an adaptive numerical integration is used to solve the retention terms. The model is implemented in an in-house streamline-based code, which is verified against analytical solutions, a commercial FD reservoir simulator (ECLIPSE) and an academic FD colloid transport code (MNMs). For a 1D homogeneous case, the effluent breakthrough curves (BTC) produced by the in-house simulator are in good agreement with the analytical solution and MNMs, respectively. For a two-dimensional (2D) heterogeneous case, the BTC and concentration pattern of the in-house simulator all match well with the solution produced by commercial simulator. Simulations on a synthetic three-dimensional (3D) nanocapsule application engineering design case, are performed to investigate the effect of fluid and NP properties on the displacement pattern of an existing subsurface fluid.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0288.v1

Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor: A Review of Main Molecular Abnormalities and Emerging Therapy

Celso Abdon Mello, Fernando Augusto Batista Campos, Tiago Goss Santos, Maria Leticia Gobo Silva, Giovana Tardin Torrezan, Felipe D´Almeida Costa, Maria Nirvana Formiga, Ulisses Nicolau, Antonio Geraldo Nascimento, Cassia Silva, Suely Nakagawa, Maria Paula Curado, Ademar Lopes, Samuel Aguiar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: desmoplastic small round cell tumor; treatment; prognosis; surgery; radiotherapy; chemotherapy; tyrosine kinase receptor; target therapy; rare disease

Online: 11 December 2020 (15:53:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0138.v1

Cavitation in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing

Donn Sederstrom, Rafael Valotta Rodrigues, Corinne Lengsfeld

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: hydrodynamic cavitation; cavitation number; turbulence; critical pressure; Kolmogorov length scale

Online: 7 July 2020 (17:37:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0006.v1

The differences between the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale and the Brief Resilience Scale When Assessing Resilience: Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Predictive Effects

Yun-Ci Ye, Chia-Huei Wu, Cheng-Ta Yang

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: resilience; Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale; Brief Resilience Scale; depression; life satisfaction; confirmatory factor analysis

Online: 4 January 2022 (12:34:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0456.v1

A Multi-Scale Modeling Approach for Simulating Crack Sensing in Polymer Fibrous Composites Using Electrically Conductive Carbon Nanotube Networks. Part II: Meso- and Macro-Scale Analyses

Konstantinos Tserpes, Christos Kora

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Carbon nanotubes; Polymer nanocomposites; Electrical conductivity; Crack sensing; Multi-scale modeling

Online: 27 August 2018 (11:25:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0424.v4

A Scale-Invariant, Machian Theory of Gravitation and Electrodynamics Unified

Ram Gopal Vishwakarma

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Gravitation - Fundamental Problems and General Formalism; Electrodynamics; Scale Invariance; Mach Principle; Dark Energy

Online: 3 October 2018 (15:35:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0357.v1

Collision Space-Time. Unified Quantum Gravity. Gravity is Lorentz Symmetry Break Down at the Planck Scale

Espen Haug

Subject: Physical Sciences, Quantum Science And Technology Keywords: Quantum gravity, granular matter, Lorentz symmetry break down at the Planck scale, Heisen- berg uncertainty break down at the Planck scale, indivisible particles, gravity and Lorentz symmetry break down.

Online: 29 May 2019 (16:31:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0111.v1

Retrieval of Non-Optically Active Parameters for Small Scale Urban Waterbodies by a Machine Learning-Based Strategy

Jinhui Jeanne Huang, Hongwei Guo, Bowen Chen, Xiaolong Guo, Vijay P. Singh

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: water quality retrieval; illegal discharges identify; small waterbodies; Sentinel-2; machine learning

Online: 8 April 2020 (03:51:33 CEST)

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Water quality retrieval for small urban waterbodies by remote sensing get used to be difficult due to coarse spatial resolution of the remote sensing imagery. The recently launched Sentinel-2 produces imagery with a spatial resolution of 10 m. It provides an opportunity to solve the problem of retrieving water quality for small waterbodies. Additionally, many water management issues also require fine resolution of imagery, e.g. illegal discharge to an urban waterbody. Since illegal discharges are an important issue for urban water management, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorous (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) were chosen as the target parameters for water quality retrieval in this study. COD, TP and TN, however, are non-optically active parameters. There were limited studies in the past to retrieve these parameters in comparison with optically active parameters, e.g. Chlorophyll-A etc. This study compared three machine learning models, namely Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Regression (SVR), and Neural Networks (NN), to investigate the opportunity to retrieve the above non-optically active parameters. Results showed that R² of TP, TN, and COD by NN, RF and SVR were 0.94, 0.88, and 0.86, respectively. The performances of water quality retrieval for these non-optically active parameters were significantly improved by the optimized machine learning models. These models hence solved the problem to use remote sensing data to retrieve these non-optically active water quality parameters and provided a new monitoring strategy for small waterbodies. Water quality mapping obtained by Sentinel-2 imagery provided a full spatial coverage of the water quality characterization for the entire water surface. Compared with water samples collecting and testing, it greatly reduced labor cost, reagents cost, and waste treatment cost. It also may help identify illegal discharges to urban waterbodies. The method developed in this research provides a new practical and efficient water quality monitoring strategy in managing water with consideration of environmental sustainability.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0055.v1

Octyl Gallate as an Intervention Catalyst to Augment Antifungal Efficacy of Caspofungin

Jong H. Kim, Kathleen L. Chan, Luisa W. Cheng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: antioxidant system; cell wall integrity; chemosensitization; end point; fungi; small molecule

Online: 3 May 2018 (08:32:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0448.v1

Ultra Low Temperature Process Effects on Micro-Scale Abrasion of Tool Steel AISI D2

Sílvio José Gobbi, Vagner João Gobbi, Gustavo Reinke

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Micro-Scale Abrasion; Ultra Low Temperature Process (ULTP) Tool Steel AISI D2;

Online: 19 November 2018 (10:32:44 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Effect of Interlayer Cooling Time, Constraint and Tool Path Strategy on Deformation of Large Components made by Laser Metal Deposition with Wire

Yousub Lee, Yashwanth Bandari, Peeyush Nandwana, Brian Gibson, Brad Richardson, Srdjan Simunovic

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: large-scale additive manufacturing; interlayer cooling time; tool path optimization; part deformation; Ti-6Al-4V

Online: 10 November 2019 (09:04:24 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0005.v1

Recent Development of Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase Inhibitors for Human Diseases: A Future Perspective.

Soong-Hyun Kim, Seri Bae, Minsoo Song

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, small molecule inhibitors, human diseases

Online: 2 November 2020 (09:09:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0304.v1

Fatigue Assessment of Prestressed Concrete Slab-between-Girder Bridges

Eva O.L. Lantsoght, Rutger Koekkoek, Cor van der Veen, Henk Sliedrecht

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: assessment; bridge evaluation; compressive membrane action; concrete bridges; fatigue; fatigue assessment; live loads; prestressed concrete; punching shear; scale model

Online: 28 April 2019 (08:38:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0110.v1

In Situ SAXS Measurement and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Magnetic Alignment of Hexagonal LLC Nanostructures

Weiwei Cong, Weimin Gao, Christopher Garvey, Ludo Dumee, Juan Zhang, Ben Kent, Guang Wang, Fenghua She, Lingxue Kong

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Alignment, Magnetic field, Hexagonal, Lyotropic liquid crystals, Nanofiltration, in situ small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)

Online: 5 October 2018 (16:33:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0209.v1

Characterization of Small Molecules Inhibiting Pro-Angiogenic Activity of the Zinc Finger Transcription Factor Vezf1

Ming He, Qianyi Yang, Allison Norvil, David Sherris, Humaira Gowher

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Vezf1; angiogenesis; vascular biology; endothelial cells; MSS31, tube formation, small molecule inhibitors computational modeling.

Online: 15 May 2018 (08:08:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0402.v1

Adaptive Multi-Scale Entropy Fusion De-hazing based on Fractional Order

Uche A. Nnolim

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: fractional order calculus-based multi-scale contrast operator; hybrid local-global contrast enhancement; underwater image enhancement processing; hazy image contrast enhancement; entropy guided fusion

Online: 22 July 2018 (11:30:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0460.v1

Removal Characteristics of N-Nitrosamines and Their Precursorsby Pilot-Scale Integrated Membrane Systems for Water Reuse

Haruka Takeuchi, Naoyuki Yamashita, Norihide Nakada, Hiroaki Tanaka

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: N-nitrosamines; formation potential; membrane treatment; reverse osmosis; membrane fouling; pilot-scale

Online: 24 July 2018 (15:46:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0336.v1

The effect of Autonomy-Supportive Patient-Centered Communication on Health Literacy: Exploring the Mediating Role of the Patient Health Engagement Model

Serena Barello, Lorenzo Palamenghi, Guendalina Graffigna

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: health literacy; patient health engagement model; Health Care Climate Questionnaire; patient autonomy; PHE-s; Patient Health Engagement Scale; health communication; patient centered communication; patient engagement

Online: 28 January 2020 (10:29:43 CET)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0354.v1

A Perceptive Scale Toolkit for Navigating Across Length Scales

Ipsa Jain, Minhaj Sirajuddin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: science communication; scale; education; toolkit

Online: 30 October 2019 (09:31:14 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0365.v1

Pharmacological Chaperones for the Mucopolysaccharidoses

Juan Camilo Losada Diaz, Jacobo Cepeda Del Castillo, Edwin Alexander Rodríguez López, Carlos Javier Alméciga-Díaz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: pharmacological chaperones; mucopolysaccharidoses; mps; small molecules

Online: 31 October 2019 (09:33:43 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0146.v1

Homocysteine in Neurology: A Risk Factor or Something Different in Small Vessel Disease

Rita Moretti, Paola Caruso, Silvia Gazzin, Claudio Tiribelli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: homocysteine; small vessel disease; neuroinflammation; neurodegneration; endothelium

Online: 6 September 2020 (15:53:11 CEST)

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Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is generated during methionine metabolism. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is typically defined as levels >15 micro mols/L. Elevated plasma levels of Hcy can be caused by the deficiency of either vitamin B12 or folate. The active role of homocysteine is quite ambivalent: many studies detected its potential impact on neurological events; others try to identify it as one of the possible risk factors of cardiovascular events, but with a complementary and secondary role. HHcy has been reported in many neurologic disorders, including cognitive impairment and stroke, independent of long-recognized factors such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. Nowadays, homocysteine could be considered as a possible link between a common vascular risk factor and potential alterations in degenerative neuronal disorders. HHcy-induced oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress; all these aspects have been considered to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including atherosclerosis, major stroke, and vascular dementia. Specific models of astrocytes impairment in HHcy-mice, which mimic small vessel disease, have been developed with a three-step investigation (at 6, 10, 14 weeks of B6, B9, and B12 detrimental diet in wild type HHcy mouse). These studies found out that after ten weeks on a diet (at the most after 14 weeks), end-feet disruption occurs. This phenomenon is concomitant to reduced vascular labeling for aquaporin -4-water channels, lower protein/mRNA levels for Kir4.1, and BK potassium channels, associated with a higher expression of MMP-9. The most exciting finding is that microglial activation in this mice model was evident since the precocious time of observation (6-week time) and precedes astrocytic changes. Our research aims to review the possible role of HHcy in neurodegenerative disease and small-vessel disease and to understand its pathogenic impact.

Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0126.v1

Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci onto Chromosome-scale Pseudomolecules in Flax

Frank M. You, Sylvie Cloutier

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: flax; association mapping; genome-wide association study (GWAS); simple sequence repeat (SSR); single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP); quantitative trait loci (QTL); chromosome-scale pseudomolecules

Online: 14 January 2019 (07:19:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0162.v1

Drivers and Barriers for Successful Special Economic Zones (SEZs): Case of SEZs under China Pakistan Economic Corridor

Saira Naeem, Abdul Waheed, Muhammad Naeem Khan

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Special Economic Zones; Small Medium Enterprises; Joint Ventures; Export Lead Industrialization; Developing Economies; Industrial Clusters

Online: 13 February 2020 (10:10:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0542.v1

Emergent Scale Invariance and Climate Sensitivity

Rypdal Martin, Hege-Beate Fredriksen, Eirik Myrvoll-Nilsen, Sigrunn H. Sørbye, Kristoffer Rypdal

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Climate sensitivity; scale invariance; long-range persistence; climate variability; emergent constrains

Online: 23 October 2018 (15:59:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0272.v1

Assessing Cognitive and Social Attitudes Toward Environmental Conservation in Coral Reef Social-Ecological Systems

Kostas Alexandridis

Subject: Social Sciences, Cognitive Science Keywords: environmental attitudes; social-ecological systems; coral reef; scale development; item-response theory; reliability; generalized structural equation model

Online: 18 June 2018 (15:26:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0606.v1

RNAi-Mediated Down-Regulation of Dicer-Like 2 and 4 Changes the Response of “Moneymaker” Tomato to Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid Infection from Tolerance to Lethal Systemic Necrosis, Accompanied by Up-Regulation of miR398a-3p and Reactive Oxygen Species

Takairo Suzuki, Sho Ikeda, Atsushi Kasai, Akito Taneda, Kohei Sugawara, Misato Fujibayashi, Maki Okuta, Hayato Maeda, Teruo Sano

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: viroid; pathogenicity; RNA silencing; Dicer-like proteins; small interfering RNA; microRNA398; microRNA398a-3p; superoxide dismutase 1; reactive oxygen species; systemic necrosis

Online: 28 November 2018 (06:50:07 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0789.v1

Microbiome Modeling: A Beginner’s Guide

Emanuel Lange, Lena Kranert, Jacob Krüger, Dirk Benndorf, Robert Heyer

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: systems microbiology; microbial ecology; omics data integration; metaproteomics; genome-scale modeling; constraint-based modeling; boolean modeling, bioinformatics

Online: 10 January 2024 (09:57:55 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0425.v1

Small Ruminants and Its Use in Regenerative Medicine: Recent Works and Future Perspectives.

Rui D. Alvites, Mariana Vieira Branquinho, Ana Catarina Sousa, Bruna Lopes, Patrícia Sousa, Carla Mendonça, Luís Miguel Atayde, Ana Colette Maurício

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Goat; Sheep; Small Ruminants; Animal Models; Regenerative Medicine.

Online: 21 January 2021 (15:01:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0173.v1

Remote Sensing of Population and Coral Destruction for Long Term on Small Islands

Nurjannah Nurdin, Muhammad Hatta, Supriadi Mashoreng, Khairul Amri, Dwia Aries Tina Pulubuhu, Agus Aris, M. Akbar AS, Teruhisa Komatsu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: coral reef; Landsat; population; remote sensing; small islands

Online: 15 November 2019 (04:14:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0335.v1

Reflection Symmetry Axes Localization Framework for Object Intelligent Perception based on Salient Symmetry Feature

Kaichao Wu, Yuan Qi, Yuanju Ma, Cheng Liu, Dazhi Jiang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: Object perception; Reflection symmetry; Saliency Symmetry Model; Isotropic symmetry operator; Multi-scale implementation

Online: 15 October 2020 (16:32:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0415.v1

The Use of Colors as an Alternative to Size in Mold Growth Studies

Edgar Cambaza, Shigenobu Koseki, Shuso Kawamura

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Fusarium graminearum, mycelial growth, RGB, gray scale.

Online: 28 May 2018 (16:31:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0020.v1

Greenness Indices from a Low-Cost UAV Imagery as Tools for Monitoring after-Fire Forest Recovery

Asier R. Larrinaga, Lluís Brotóns

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: low-cost UAV; greenness index; Pinus nigra; Pinus sylvestris; forest regeneration; flight altitude; small UAV

Online: 2 November 2018 (05:17:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0268.v1

Development of Technology of Release of Iron and Its Oxidic Connections from Dump Steel-Smelting Slag

Sokhibjon Turdaliyevich Matkarimov, Anvar Abdullayevich Yusupkhodjayev, Bakhriddin Berdiyarov Berdiyarov

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Metals, Alloys And Metallurgy Keywords: slag; metallurgical dust; rolling scale; tails of dressing-works; iron; magnetite; fusion mixture; melting; arc steel-smelting furnace; production efficiency

Online: 24 July 2019 (09:06:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0664.v1

Assessment of the Psychological Impact and Perceived Stress Due to COVID-19 Lockdown in Young Adult Population of India.

Sreelakshmi M, Irfanul Haque, Sarita Jangra Bhyan, Ankit Gaur, Aashi Jain, Amrita Kumari, Besty Thomas, Nancy Goel, Rashi Chauhan

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: COVID-19 lockdown; psychological impact; perceived stresses-R scale; PSS scale; young adults

Online: 28 July 2020 (04:39:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0176.v1

Psychometric Evaluation of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-items (DASS-8)/DASS-12/DASS-21 among Italian and Swiss Family Caregivers of Patients with Dementia

Amira Ali, Rana Ali Alameri, Amin Omar Hendawy, Rasmieh Al-Amer, Ghada Shahrour, Esraa M. Ali, Abdulmajeed A. Alkhamees, Nashwa Ibrahim, Bothaina Hussein Hassan

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: psychological distress/anxiety/depression; dementia; Alzheimer’s disease; Parkinson’s disease; short form of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21; Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-items; factor structure; psychometric properties; structural validity; validation; measurement invariance; old age/elders/elderly; informal; family caregivers; spouse; adult children

Online: 9 August 2022 (08:44:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0345.v1

Foetal Music Perception: A Comparison Study between Heart Rate and Motor Responses Assessed by APIB Scale in Ultrasound Exam

Rosana Maria Tristao, Jose Alfredo Lacerda de Jesus, Mônica de Lima Lemos, Ricardo Dourado Freire

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: foetus; music perception; tempo; heart rate variability; ultrasound exam; APIB scale; habituation; sensitization

Online: 16 July 2020 (07:49:50 CEST)

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Music perception in foetuses has been explored under different theoretical paradigms such as habituation, categorical perception, sound preferences and recall. This study investigated the temporal dimension of music perception through the habituation and sensitization paradigm. Foetuses of 41 pregnant women, mean gestational age of 34.7 weeks (±2.4), were observed during ultrasound exams. Foetuses’ reaction to two different tempos (Allegro vs Adagio) and sources (internal vs external) of music stimuli was registered by heart rate variability (HR) and motor response according to the Assessment of Preterm Infants Behaviour scale (APIB) by its factors of movement (MOV) and organization (ORG). A folkloric lullaby, sung and played live with a stringed instrument by a musician, was presented in three stages that were compared to baseline: 1) slow tempo (Adagio), 2) fast tempo (Allegro); and 3) now sung by mother at slow tempo (Adagio). Exploratory analyses showed that all factors increased from baseline to first stage. HR and ORG varied significantly among stages, with HR being the strongest factor. MOV merely detected change from baseline to first stage. ORG decreased for Allegro but increased for maternal Adagio, while HR decreased to near baseline values. ANOVA-repeated measures with gestational age as covariate showed that all measures were sensitive to first music presentation (Adagio), although only HR and ORG differed among stages. Considering estimated marginal means, adjusted for gestational age, HR presented a sensitization pattern throughout stages, but ORG kept habituating to external source and increased to maternal Adagio, suggesting foetal discrimination by sound source. We conclude that foetuses showed different behavioural and physiological responses to external versus internal sound source and musical tempo. The combined use of a behavioural scale (APIB) and HR in foetuses proved to be a valid multidimensional instrument.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0136.v1

Analysis of Spatiotemporal Variation of Land Subsidence in Beijing Plain, China

Lin Guo, Huili Gong, Feng Zhu, Lin Zhu, Chaofan Zhou, Yike Sun

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Land subsidence; InSAR; Small baseline interferometry; Mann-Kendall mutation test; Fishnet

Online: 11 December 2018 (16:49:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0099.v2

Global, Non-Parametric, Non-Iterative Optimization of Time-Averaged Quantities under Small, Time-Varying Forcing: An Application to a Thermal Convection Field

Hideshi ISHIDA, Shiho Ihara, Chiharu Okema, Shohei Yamada, Genta Kawahara

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: Global, non-parametric, non-iterative optimization; Time-mean quantities; Small time-varying forcing; Ordinary differential equation system (ODEs); Eigenvalue problem

Online: 30 August 2019 (09:35:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0138.v1

An Assessment of Wind Power Generation Potential of Built Environment Wind Turbine (BEWT) Systems in Fort Beaufort, South Africa

Terrence Manyeredzi, Golden Makaka

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: distributed system; power density; renewable energy; sustainability; utility scale; wind resource

Online: 11 April 2018 (06:07:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0368.v1

Infrared Characterization of the Bidirectional Oxygen-Sensitive [Nife]-Hydrogenase from E. Coli

Moritz Senger, Konstanin Laun, Basem Soboh, Sven Timo Stripp

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: Metalloenzymes; Spectroscopy; Small Molecules

Online: 16 October 2018 (16:54:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0059.v1

The Effect of Recreation in a Snow-Covered Forest Environment on the Psychological Relaxation of Young Females

Ernest Bielinis, Adrian Łukowski, Aneta Omelan, Sergii Boiko, Norimasa Takayama

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: deciduous forest; female; forest bathing; forest therapy; Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; Profile of Mood States; Restorative Outcome Scale; restoration; Shinrin-Yoku; snow covered forest; Subjective Vitality Scale; winter

Online: 5 August 2019 (08:56:32 CEST)

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Forest recreation can be successfully conducted for the purpose of psychological relaxation, as has been proven in previous scientific studies. During the winter in many countries, when snow cover occurs frequently, forest recreation (walking, relaxation, photography, etc.) is common. Nevertheless, whether forest therapy conducted in a forest environment with a snow cover will also have a positive effect on psychological indicators remains unknown. Furthermore, male subjects frequently participate in forest therapy experiments, whereas females are rarely involved. Thus, in this study, the effectuality of forest recreation during winter and with snow cover was tested on 32 young females. For these reasons, the experiment involved 15-minute periods of relaxation in a forest environment or in an urban environment, in addition to a pre-test under indoor conditions. Four psychological questionnaires (POMS, PANAS, ROS, SVS) were administered to participants before and after interventions. Results showed that participants’ levels of negative mood, as measured by different aspects of the POMS questionnaire (tension-anxiety, anger-hostility, depression-dejection, confusion, fatigue), decreased after exposure to the forest environment. In contrast, both tension-anxiety and anger-hostility increased in the urban environment. The indicator of negative affect from the PANAS questionnaire also increased after exposure to the urban environment, whereas the indicator of positive affect based on PANAS was higher in the forest environment than in the urban environment. Restorativeness and subjective vitality exhibited higher values after exposure to the forest environment in comparison to those from the control and pre-test. The changes in these indicators demonstrates that forest recreation in the snow during winter can significantly increase psychological relaxation in young females, as well as showing that recreation can be successfully conducted under these winter conditions.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0128.v1

Comparative Analysis of Risk Management Techniques for Large-Scale Systems

Mehreen Sirshar, Aliya Shahid, Zoya Alam

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: large scale systems; risk assessment; risk management techniques; risk mitigation

Online: 10 December 2019 (07:14:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0298.v2

Cosmic Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory

Piotr Homola, Dmitriy Beznosko, Gopal Bhatta, Łukasz Bibrzycki, Łukasz Bratek, Michalina Borczyńska, Nikolay M. Budnev, Dariusz Burakowski, David Edwin Alvarez-Castillo, Kevin Almeida Cheminant, Aleksander Ćwikła, Punsiri Dam-o, Niraj Dhital, Alan Duffy, Piotr Głownia, Krzysztof Gorzkiewicz, Dariusz Góra, Alok C. Gupta, Zuzana Hlávková, Martin Homola, Joanna Jałocha, Robert Kamiński, Michał Karbowiak, Marcin Kasztelan, Renata Kierepko, Marek Knap, Péter Kovács, Szymon Kuliński, Bartosz Łozowski, Marek Magryś, Mikhail V. Medvedev, Justyna Mędrala, Jerzy W. Mietelski, Justyna Miszczyk, Alona Mozgova, Antonio Napolitano, Vahab Nazari, Y. Jack Ng, Michał Niedźwiecki, Cristina Oancea, Bogusław Ogan, Gabriela Opiła, Krzysztof Oziomek, Maciej Pawlik, Marcin Piekarczyk, Bożena Poncyljusz, Jerzy Pryga, Matías Rosas, Krzysztof Rzecki, Jilberto Zamora-Saa, Katarzyna Smelcerz, Karel Smolek, Weronika Stanek, Jarosław Stasielak, Slawomir Stuglik, Jolanta Sulma, Oleksandr Sushchov, Manana Svanidze, Kyle Tam, Arman Tursunov, José-M. Vaquero, Tadeusz Wibig, Krzysztof W. Woźniak

Subject: Physical Sciences, Nuclear And High Energy Physics Keywords: cosmic rays; cosmic ray ensembles; extensive air showers; large scale cosmic ray correlations; CREDO Collaboration

Online: 15 October 2020 (16:13:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0353.v1

The Clampdown Effect: On The Expulsion of Super-Intelligence

Deep Bhattacharjee

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: WEAK Clampdown Effect, STRONG Clampdown Effect, KARDASHEV Scale, ERROR Processing, EXTRAVAGENT Curiosity, SOFT Singularity, HARD Singularity, ERROR Approximation

Online: 13 April 2021 (12:58:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0426.v2

Cities, from Information to Interaction

Vinicius M. Netto, Edgardo Brigatti, João Meirelles, Fabiano L. Ribeiro, Bruno Pace, Caio Cacholas, Patricia Sanches

Subject: Social Sciences, Urban Studies And Planning Keywords: information; cities; interaction; environmental information; entropy; scale; enaction

Online: 10 October 2018 (05:32:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0316.v1

The Selenoprotein Glutathione Peroxidase 4: From Molecular Mechanisms to Novel Therapeutic Opportunities

Kamari Weaver, Rachid Skouta

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Selenoprotein Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4); Reduced Glutathione (GSH); ferroptosis; lipid peroxidation; ferroptosis modulators; small molecules targeting GPX4

Online: 24 February 2022 (12:05:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0179.v1

RNA Interference Strategies for Future Management of Plant Pathogenic Fungi: Prospects and Challenges

Daniel Gebremichael, Zeraye Mehari Haile, Francesca Negrini, Silvia Sabbadini, Luca Capriotti, Bruno Mezzetti, Elena Baraldi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: RNA interference; dsRNA delivery; small RNA production; dsRNA formulation

Online: 5 March 2021 (10:01:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0674.v1

Numerical Investigation of the Full-Scale Resistance of a Zero-Emission Fast Catamaran in Shallow Water

Guangyu Shi, Alexandros Priftis, Yan Xing-Kaeding, Evangelos Boulougouris, Apostolos Papanikolaou, Haibin Wang, Geoff Symonds

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: fast catamaran; shallow water resistance; full-scale CFD

Online: 26 April 2021 (13:25:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0146.v1

Who Adopts Agroforestry in a Subsistence Economy?

Arun Dhakal, Rajesh Kumar Rai

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: conventional agriculture; land degradation; small-holders; multinomial logistic regression; Nepal

Online: 9 March 2020 (01:24:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0277.v1

An Ecological Interpretation of the Return of Mom-and-Pop Stores in South Korea: A Sustainable Commercial Format-Enhancing Urban Diversity or Just a Temporary Trend?

Juil Kim

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: urban diversity; commercial landscape; small retail unit; mon-and-pop store

Online: 24 November 2019 (13:21:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0033.v1

The Influence Dose of Nicotine Exposure on H520 Smoking-related Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Cell Growth and Toxicity

Jia-Ping Wu, Ching-Yi Peng

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Nicotine; carcinogenesis; growth; toxicity; Carcinoma; Non-Small-Cell Lung

Online: 4 June 2020 (12:14:49 CEST)

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Nicotine exposure may affect NSCLC is associated with lung cancer in humans. Whether nicotine exhibits carcinogenesis promoted activities in tumor growth still unknown. Nicotine is known to have dichotomous effects on cancer biology, acting like a pro- or anti-carcinogenesis agent. There are different functions between adenocarcinoma and squamous NSCLC cancer cells. Excess generation of nicotine may inhibit mitochondrial metabolism, protein modification, and DNA cleavage. Materials and Methods: We used the H520 NSCLC line obtained from human lung epithelial cells to detected nicotine growth and toxicity using MTT assay and western blotting. The concentration of nicotine stimulated cell growth to correspond to low concentration, while high concentration was cytotoxic. Results: According to MTT assay results, at 1.0 μM nicotine has significantly enhanced the H520 cell viability (%). Nicotine induced lung cancer carcinogenesis through mechanisms of α7nAchR, EGFR, HDAC2/4/5, Cyclin D/Cyclin E, Bcl-2, p-Akt, and inflammatory proteins of NF-KappaB and COX2 increases at 1.0 μM. Apoptosis proteins were decreases at 1.0 μM nicotine by p21, p27, c-jun, and p38α using western blotting. Nicotine stimulates tumor growth is mediated through α7nicotinic-acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChR), possibly involving inflammation. On the other hand, at high nicotine concentrations (> 1.0 μM) with consistent cytotoxic effects and appeared to be due to direct cell kill. Nicotine can prevent apoptosis induced by NSCLC. Conclusion: Therefore, the effects on chemotherapeutics by NSCLC malignant cell lines, nicotine in concentrations as low as 1.0 μM decreased. These mechanisms are responsible for the genotoxic effects caused by nicotine. This leads to downstream effects on decreased apoptosis, increased cell proliferation and transformation. The malignant NSCLC cells respond to the treatment with nicotine in lung cancer, the nicotine-mediated induction of growth may provide one of its links to α7nAchR or EGFR.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0367.v1

Image Classification Using Deep and Classical Machine Learning on Small Datasets: A Complete Comparative

Gonzalo Miranda, Clemente Rubio-Manzano

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Deep Learning; Image Classification; Machine Learning; Predictive Models; Small Datasets; Supervised Learning

Online: 25 January 2022 (08:24:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0358.v1

Activation of Transposable Elements in Immune Cells of Fibromyalgia Patients

Tamara Ovejero, Océane Sadones, Teresa Sánchez-Fito, Eloy Almenar-Pérez, José Andrés Espejo, Eva Martín-Martínez, Lubov Nathanson, Elisa Oltra

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: fibromyalgia; Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS); HERV (Human Endogenous Retrovirus); transposable elements; epigenetics; DNA methylation; tsRNAs (transfer RNA small fragments); interferon; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Online: 27 December 2019 (03:30:53 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0209.v1

Ebolavirus Entry: From Molecular Characterization to Drug Discovery

Cristiano Salata, Arianna Calistri, Gualtiero Alvisi, Michele Celestino, Cristina Parolin, Giorgio Palu'

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Ebolavirus; Filoviridae; VSV; retroviral vectors; virus like particles; pseudovirus; antivirals; small molecules; viral entry.

Online: 21 February 2019 (13:13:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0273.v1

What Makes Small-Scale Fishers Resilient? Lessons from the Coping Strategies under COVID-19 Outbreak Observed in Trang Province, Thailand

Yuki Arai, Maneewan Sanlee, Misato Uehara, Shimpei Iwasaki

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: small-scale fishers; resilience; Adaptive Cycle Model; Sustainable Livelihood Framework; COVID-19; coping strategy; alternative livelihood; Trang Province; Thailand

Online: 19 January 2022 (14:20:19 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0478.v2

Brief Overview. Role of Computation Biology & Bioinformatics in Drug Design

Ghafran Ali, kanza Ashfaq

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Bioinformatics; Drug Design; Small Organic Molecule; Target identification; Web-based Server

Online: 25 July 2020 (17:50:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0302.v1

From Local to Global: A Transfer Learning-Based Approach for Mapping Poplar Plantations at Large Scale

Yousra Hamrouni, Éric Paillassa, Véronique Chéret, Claude Monteil, David Sheeren

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: active learning; poplar plantations; spatial transfer; sentinel-2; large scale; image classification; random forest

Online: 17 April 2020 (15:05:54 CEST)

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Reliable estimates of poplar plantations area are not available at the French national scale due to the unsuitability and low update rate of existing forest databases for this short-rotation species. While supervised classification methods have been shown to be highly accurate in mapping forest cover from remotely sensed images, their performance depends to a great extent on the labelled samples used to build the models. In addition to their high acquisition cost, such samples are often scarce and not fully representative of the variability in class distributions. Consequently, when classification models are applied to large areas with high intra-class variance, they generally yield poor accuracies. In this paper, we propose the use of active learning (AL) to efficiently adapt a classifier trained on a source image to spatially distinct target images with minimal labelling effort and without sacrificing classification performance. The adaptation consists in actively adding to the initial local model, new relevant training samples from other areas, in a cascade that iteratively improves the generalisation capabilities of the classifier, leading to a global model tailored to different areas. This active selection relies on uncertainty sampling to directly focus on the most informative pixels for which the algorithm is the least certain of their class labels. Experiments conducted on Sentinel-2 time series showed that when the same number of training samples was used, active learning outperformed passive learning (random sampling) by up to 5% of overall accuracy and up to 12% of class F-score. In addition, and depending on the class considered, the random sampling required up to 50% more samples to achieve the same performance of an active learning-based model. Moreover, the results demonstrate the suitability of the derived global model to accurately map poplar plantations among other tree species with overall accuracy values up to 14% higher than those obtained with local models. The proposed approach paves the way for national-scale mapping in an operational context.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0329.v1

Prospects for hermetic sealing of scaled-up photoelectrochemical hydrogen generators for reliable and risk free operation

Sonya Calnan, Stefan Aschbrenner, Fuxi Bao, Erno Kemppainen, Iris Dorbandt, Rutger Schaltmann

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: photoelectrochemical; solar hydrogen generator; hermetic sealing, reliability, safety, scale- up

Online: 29 October 2019 (10:19:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0065.v2

What Proportion Counts? Disaggregating Access to Safely Managed Sanitation in an Emerging Town in Tanzania

Hans C. Komakech, Francis Moyo, Oscar Veses Roda, Revocatus L. Machunda, Om P. Gautam, Kyla M. Smith, Sandy Cairncross

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: small towns; mapping; urban sanitation; access; SDG; Tanzania

Online: 26 August 2019 (09:08:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0246.v2

Mathematical Models for Possible Roles of Oxytocin and Oxytocin Receptors in Autism

Mark Gottlieb

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Oxytocin, Oxytocin Receptor, Autism, Nepsys Scale, MAST Immune System Disease, Dendritic Spines, Magnocellular Neurons, Desensitization, Labor, Down Regulation

Online: 23 April 2019 (11:12:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0116.v1

Matchmr: Exploring the Effects of Scale and Color Differences on Users’ Perception in Mixed Reality Devices

Kwang-seong Shin, Howon Kim, Dongsik Jo

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Hardware And Architecture Keywords: mixed-reality; perception; scale; color; HMD

Online: 9 August 2019 (04:25:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0226.v1

Parameterization of Eddy Mass Transport in the Arctic Seas based on the Sensitivity Analysis of Large-scale Flows

Gennady Platov, Dina Iakshina, Elena Golubeva

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Oceanography Keywords: eddy mass transport; subgrid-scale processes; parametrization; Arctic ocean; sensitivity study; clustering

Online: 13 December 2022 (04:19:37 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0220.v1

Tuberculosis Following PD-1 Inhibitor in A Patient with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer; A Case Report & Literature Review

Nabil Omar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: checkpoint inhibitors; tuberculosis; non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); Anti-PD-1; toxicity management; immunotherapy; pembrolizumab

Online: 13 May 2020 (04:38:50 CEST)

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) – anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) and their ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) have become widely used in the treatment of several malignancies. Many immune-related adverse events have been linked to these agents. However, tuberculosis (TB) reactivation during their use is increasingly reported. Herein, we present a 58-year-old lady with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ALK-negative, EGFR wild, and PD-L1 Immune histochemistry (IHC) strongly positive in 95% of tumor cells. The patient presented with high-grade fever and a history of productive cough for a 1-week duration. A few days later, she was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis following the 6th cycle of Pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody. AFB smear and TB PCR from BAL were positive (rifampin resistance not detected), and she was accordingly started on Anti-TB medications. Immunotherapy was held. Of note, the patient had a history of sick contact with a patient with active TB infection ten years ago, but there was no documentation of latent TB or previous TB infection. Her HIV status is negative. Her sputum AFB smear continued to be positive after four weeks of anti-TB medications. Later, the patient was discharged after her sputum was cleared from AFB (negative x 2 sets). We assumed that our patient developed reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis secondary to an immune checkpoint inhibitor (Pembrolizumab). She was not re-challenged with Pembrolizumab following TB diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case from the Arab and the Middle East; it reinforces the previous observations of the association between ICIs administration and the development of MTB. Nevertheless, further studies in the clinical setting are necessary to establish the exact mechanism involved in this association. Oncologists' awareness & prompt recognition of this potential hazardous consequence are essential. Since there is no clear evidence whether LTBT prior PD-1/PD targeted immunotherapy is required, targeted LTBT before starting ICIs immunotherapy with TB chemoprophylaxis; yet to be explored, particularly in the regions where the MTB prevalence is high.

Working Paper REVIEW

Small Molecule-based Enzyme Inhibitors in the Treatment of Primary Hyperoxalurias

Maria Dolores Moya-Garzon, Jose Antonio Gomez-Vidal, Alfonso Alejo-Armijo, Joaquin Altarejos, Juan Roberto Rodriguez Madoz, Miguel Xavier Fernandes, Eduardo Salido, Sofia Salido, Monica Diaz-Gavilan

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: hyperoxaluria; oxalate; inhibitor; small molecule drug; glycolate oxidase; lactate dehydrogenase; liver selective distribution

Online: 31 December 2020 (08:59:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0208.v1

A Solution of the Cosmological Constant, Using Multiverse Version of Penrose CCC Cosmology, and Enhanced Quantization Compared

Andrew Beckwith

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Minimum scale factor; cosmological constant; space-time bubble; bouncing cosmologies

Online: 8 February 2021 (13:00:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0329.v1

Economic Turbulence and EaaS Grid Computing

P.S. JosephNg

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: BOINC; cloud computing; economic uncertainty; framework; grid compu-ting; optimization; resource pooling; Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise; technology acceptance model; virtualization

Online: 20 September 2021 (11:49:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0600.v1

Selective Inhibition of Heparan Sulphate and Not Chondroitin Sulphate by a Small, Soluble Competitive Inhibitor

Marissa L. Maciej-Hulme, Eamon Dubaissi, Chun Shao, Joseph Zaia, Enrique Amaya, Sabine L. Flitsch, Catherine L. R. Merry

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: heparan sulfate; glycosaminoglycan; carbohydrate biosynthesis; azido sugar; small molecule inhibitor

Online: 25 May 2021 (10:17:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0516.v1

Morphological Transformation of SDS Aggregates in a Deep Eutectic Solvent Above the Fracto-eutectogel to Fluid Transition Temperature

Lauren Matthews, Sarah E.S. Michel, Sarah E. Rogers, Paul Bartlett, Andrew J. Johnson, Robert Sochon, Wuge H. Briscoe

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: Deep eutectic solvents (DES); glyceline; surfactant mesophases; nonaqueous H-bonding solvents; small-angle neutron scattering (SANS); self-assembly; cylindrical micelles; spherical micelles; dendrites; fractals

Online: 21 June 2021 (14:15:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0459.v1

Fractal Structure and Non Extensive Statistics

Airton Deppman, Eugenio Megias, Debora P. Menezes, Tobias Frederico

Subject: Physical Sciences, Thermodynamics Keywords: fractal structure; non extensive statistics; Tsallis statistics; self-similarity; scale invariance

Online: 28 June 2018 (05:30:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0077.v1

Knockdown of CENPF Inhibits the Progression of Lung Adenocarcinoma Mediated by ERβ2/5 Pathway

Hexiao Tang, Yuquan Bai, Lecai Xiong, Yanhong Wei, Weidong Hu, Ming Xu, Xuefeng Zhou, Gaofeng Pan, Li Zhang, Minglin Zhu, Zheng Tang, Zetian Yang, Xiao Zhou, Yi Cai, Michael Lanuti, Jinping Zhao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: centromere protein F (CENPF); Estrogen Receptor beta; Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD); WGCNA package; non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

Online: 5 May 2020 (12:08:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0396.v1

Ensemble Mapping and Change Analysis of the Seafloor Sediment Distribution in the Sylt Outer Reef, German North Sea from 2016-2018

Daphnie S. Galvez, Svenja Papenmeier, Lasse Sanders, H. Christian Hass, Vera Fofonova, A. Bartholomae, Karen H. Wiltshire

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: ensemble modelling; seafloor mapping; sediment change analysis; seafloor sediment distribution; North Sea; seafloor classification; acoustic mapping; small sample size; ensemble map

Online: 17 May 2021 (16:58:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0189.v2

Gamma and Beta Model of Growing and Rotating Planck Ball

Satya Seshavatharam U.V, S. Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Nuclear And High Energy Physics Keywords: Planck scale; Mach’s relation; quantum cosmology; critical density; ordinary matter; dark matter; expansion velocity; angular velocity; Hubble’s law

Online: 5 March 2019 (06:43:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0311.v1

Resource Interaction in Smallholder Farms is Linked to Farm Sustainability: Evidence from Indian Sundarbans

Rupak Goswami, Sonja Brodt, Sangita Patra, Purnabha Dasgupta, Biswanath Mukherjee, Somen Nandi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: resource integration; network analysis; sustainability; small-scale farm

Online: 14 December 2020 (09:26:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0255.v1

A Unique P450 Peroxygenase System Facilitated by a Dual-Functional Small Molecule: Concept, Application, and Perspective

Siyu Di, Shengxian Fan, Fengjie Jiang, Zhiqi Cong

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; peroxygenase; peroxidase; protein engineering; oxidation; hydroxylation; epoxidation; sulfoxidation; dual-functional small molecule

Online: 21 February 2022 (14:17:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0524.v1

Exosomal Hsp70 in Liquid Biopsies - A Biomarker for Prediction and Response Monitoring in Cancer

Caroline Werner, Stefan Stangl, Lukas Salvermoser, Melissa Schwab, Maxim Shevstov, Alexia Xanthopoulos, Fei Wang, Daniel Medenwald, Martin Windberg, Matthias Bache, Martin Schlapschy, Arne Skerra, Gabriele Multhoff

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Hsp70; sandwich ELISA; liquid biopsy; tumor biomarker; exosomes; prediction; response monitoring; non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC); glioblastoma

Online: 21 May 2021 (15:06:37 CEST)

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In contrast to normal cells, tumor cells of multiple entities overexpress the Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) not only in the cytosol, but also present it on their plasma membrane in a tumor-specific manner. Furthermore, membrane-Hsp70 positive tumor cells actively release Hsp70 into lipid microvesicles termed exosomes into the blood. Due to conformational changes of Hsp70 in the lipid environment, most commercially available antibodies fail to detect membrane-bound and exosomal Hsp70. To fill this gap and to assess the role of exosomal Hsp70 in the circulation as a potential tumor biomarker, we established the novel complete Hsp70 (compHsp70) sandwich ELISA using two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that are able to recognize both, free and lipid-associated Hsp70 on the cell surface of viable tumor cells and exosomes. The epitopes of the mAbs cmHsp70.1 (aa 451-461) and cmHsp70.2 (aa 614-623) that are conserved among different species reside in the substrate-binding domain of Hsp70, with measured affinities of 0.42 nM and 0.44 nM, respectively. Validation of the compHsp70 ELISA revealed a high intra- and inter-assay precision, linearity in a concentration range of 1.56 to 25 ng/ml, high recovery rates of ‘spiked’ liposomal Hsp70 (>84%), comparable values between human serum and plasma samples, and no interference by food intake or age of the donors. Hsp70 concentrations in the circulation of patients with glioblastoma, squamous cell or adeno non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) at diagnosis were significantly higher than those of healthy volunteers. Hsp70 concentrations dropped concomitantly with the decrease in viable tumor mass on irradiation of patients with approximately 20 Gy (range 18 – 22.5 Gy) or after completion of radiotherapy (60 - 70 Gy). In summary, the compHsp70 ELISA presented herein provides a highly sensitive and reliable tool for measuring free and exosomal Hsp70 in liquid biopsies of tumor patients, levels of which can be used as a predictive tumor-specific biomarker, risk assessment and for monitoring therapeutic outcome.

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0173.v1

Molecular Characterization of a Long Term Survivor Double Metastatic Non Small Sell Lung Cancer and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Treated with Gefitinib in Combination with Gemcitabine Plus Nab-Paclitaxel and mFOLFOX6 as First and Second Line Therapy

Oronzo Brunetti, Giuseppe Badalamenti, Simona De Summa, Angela Calabrese, Antonella Argentiero, Livia Fucci, Vito Longo, Pia Perrotti, Rosamaria Pinto, Daniela Petriella, Katia Danza, Stefania Tommasi, Francesco Leonetti, Nicola Silvestris

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; non small cell lung cancer; double primary cancers; B7-H3; gefitinib; chemotherapy

Online: 14 May 2019 (13:04:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0629.v1

Multiscale Hydro-Meteorological Factors Variations and Its Links to Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation Systems in the Source Region of Yangtze River

Jian Tang, Hui-Qun Cao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: hydro-meteorological factors; large-scale atmospheric circulation systems; South Asia monsoon; streamflows; source region of the Yangtze River

Online: 26 October 2018 (11:52:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0409.v1

Personalized Biometrics of Physical Pain Agree with Its Psychological Perception by Participants with Sensory Over Responsivity

Jihye Ryu, Tami Bar-Shalita, Yelena Granovsky, Irit Weissman-Fogel, Elizabeth B. Torres

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: EEG; pain biometrics; stochastic analyses; micro-movements spikes; sensory over responsivity; standardized scale; personalized pain

Online: 16 December 2020 (13:19:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0355.v1

Fishers’ Communication as Critical Factor for Catch and Tuna Traceability Implementation among Small-Scale Fishers in Davao Gulf, Philippines

Edison D. Macusi, Miko Mariz C. Castro, Ivy M. Nallos, Christine P. Peralez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Davao Gulf; fisheries management; small-scale fisheries; tuna fisheries; traceability

Online: 19 January 2023 (09:49:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0282.v2

Design Optimization of Centrifugal Microfluidic "Lab-on-a-Disc" Systems towards Fluidic Larger-Scale Integration

Jens Ducrée

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Software Keywords: centrifugal microfluidics, Lab-on-a-Disc, large-scale integration, reliability, tolerances, band width, packing density

Online: 8 June 2021 (12:07:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0299.v1

Using Ensemble Convolutional Neural Network to Detect Deepfakes Using Periocular Data

David Johnson, Xiaohonh Yuan, Kaushik Roy

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: deepfake detection; CNN; deep neural network; computer vision; scale invariant feature transform; histogram of oriented gradients

Online: 17 February 2023 (06:51:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0476.v1

Phase Evolution and Textural Changes during the Direct Conversion and Storage of CO₂ to Produce Calcium Carbonate from Calcium Hydroxide

Meishen Liu, Greeshma Gadikota

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: ultra-small angle X-ray scattering (USAXS); small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS); wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS); calcium hydroxide; calcium carbonate; carbon capture; utilization; and storage; carbon mineralization

Online: 22 October 2018 (06:24:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0376.v1

Large-Scale Printed Chinese Character Recognition for ID Cards Using Deep Learning and Few Samples Transfer Learning

Yi-Quan Li, Hao-Sen Chang, Daw-Tung Lin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Large-Scale Image Classification; Printed Chinese Character Recognition; Data Synthesis; GoogLeNet-GAP; Transfer Learning

Online: 22 December 2021 (16:31:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0090.v1

Social Customer Relationship Management and Organizational Characteristics

Katerina Kantorová, Pavel Bachmann

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Human Resources And Organizations Keywords: customer relationship management (CRM); social media; social CRM; customer information; small and medium enterprises (SMEs)

Online: 5 November 2018 (08:31:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0117.v1

An Accelerating and Rotating Planck-Hubble Universe (A Very Simple Model of Quantum Cosmology)

U. V. S. Seshavatharam, S. Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Nuclear And High Energy Physics Keywords: planck scale; quantum cosmology; critical density; ordinary matter; dark matter; expansion velocity; angular velocity; Hubble’s law;

Online: 11 March 2019 (08:01:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0318.v1

Numerical Analysis of Full-scale Ship Self-Propulsion Performance with direct Comparison to Statistical Sea Trail Results

Wenyu Sun, Qiong Hu, Shiliang Hu, Jia Su, Jie Xu, Jinfang Wei, Guofu Huang

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: Hull-propeller interaction; Full-scale CFD; Scale effect; Self-propulsion; Statistical sea trails

Online: 24 December 2019 (11:16:25 CET)

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Accurate prediction of the self-propulsion performance is one of the most important factors for energy-efficient design of a ship. In general, the hydrodynamic performance of a full-scale ship could be achieved by model-scale simulation or towing tank test with extrapolations. With the development of CFD methods and computing power, directly predict ship performance with full-scale CFD is an important approach. In this article, a numerical study on the full-scale self-propulsion performance with propeller operating behind ship at model- and full-scale is presented. The study includes numerical simulations using RANS method with double-model and VOF model respectively and scale effect analysis based on overall performance, local flow fields and detailed vortex identification. Verification study on grid convergence is also performed for full-scale simulation with global and local mesh refinements. And a series of sea trail tests were performed to collect reliable data for the validation of CFD predictions. The analysis of scale effect on hull-propeller interaction shows that the difference on hull boundary layer and flow separation is the main source of scale effect on ship wake. And the results of the fluctuations of propeller thrust and torque along with circulation distribution and local flow field show that propeller’s loading is significantly higher for model-scale ship. It is suggested that the difference on vortex evolution and interaction is more pronounced and have larger effects on ship’s powering performance at model-scale than full-scale according to the simulation results. From the study on self-propulsion prediction, it could be concluded that the simplification on free surface treatment does not only affect the wave-making resistance for bare hull but also the propeller performance and propeller induced ship resistance which can produced up to 5% uncertainty to the power prediction. Roughness is another important factor in full-scale simulation because it has up to approximately 7% effect on the delivery power. As a result of validation study, the numerical simulations of full-scale ship self-propulsion shows good agreement with the sea trail data especially for cases that have considered both roughness and free surface effects. This result will largely enhance our confidence to apply full-scale simulation in the prediction of ship’s self-propulsion performance in the future ship designs.

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