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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0522.v1

Sickle Cell Disease: Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Therapy

Rosa Vona, Nadia Maria Sposi, Lorenza Mattia, Lucrezia Gambardella, Elisabetta Straface, Donatella Pietraforte

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: sickle cell disease; hemoglobin; oxidative stress; antioxidants; red blood cells

Online: 21 December 2020 (12:09:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0268.v1

Relating Catalytic Activity of Cr/HZSM-5 in Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Liquefied Petroleum Gas under External DC Electric Field to the Fermi Level Position and Electrical Properties

Amin Alamdari, Ramin Karimzadeh

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Chemical Engineering Keywords: electric field; oxidative dehydrogenation; LPG, Cr-/HZSM-5; electrical properties

Online: 21 May 2018 (11:32:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0312.v1

Potential Metabolite Markers for Pancreatic Cancer Identified by Metabolomic Analysis of Induced Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts

Yoshihiro Miyazaki, Nobuhito Mori, Yuka Akagi, Tatsuya Oda, Yasuyuki Kida

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: cancer-associated fibroblasts; tumor microenvironment; pancreatic cancer; intracellular metabolism; glycolysis; oxidative phosphorylation; cell differentiation

Online: 20 January 2022 (19:42:29 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0537.v1

Use of Cerium Nitrate Nanoparticles in Biological Environment Along with the Factors Effecting It: An Empirical Overview

Zarish Fatima, Sameer Quazi, Shreelaxmi Gavas, Tomasz Karpiński

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Cerium oxide nanoparticles; radicals; oxidative stress; physical and chemical properties and biological characteristics

Online: 30 August 2021 (10:22:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0319.v1

Blackcurrant Incorporated Biofunctional Cookie Digesta Shows Chemical and Cellular Biological Activity Against Human Liver Cancer Cells, HepG2

Mofasser Hossain, Margaret Brennan, Susan Mason, Xinbo Guo, Xin-An Zeng, Charles Brennan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Oxidative stress; blackcurrant; biofunctional cookie; simulated digestion; bioactive metabolites; inflammatory cytokines

Online: 17 September 2018 (15:05:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0076.v1

Combined Targeting of Mutant p53 and Jumonji Family Histone Demethylase Augments Therapeutic Efficacy of Radiation in H3K27M DIPG

Anatoly Nikolaev, John B. Fiveash, Eddy S. Yang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: H3K27M; DIPG; p53; APR-246; Jumonji family histone demethylases; GSK-J4, radiation; DNA damage repair; glutathione depletion; oxidative stress induction

Online: 6 December 2019 (04:34:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0014.v1

Biomarkers and Clinical Features of Delirium in Elderly Individuals With Hip Fracture Surgery.

Paul Thisayakorn

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: delirium; inflammation; neuro-immune; biomarkers; oxidative stress

Online: 4 January 2021 (11:26:34 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0302.v1

Nanoliposomes Reduce Stroke Injury Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mice

Saif Ahmad, Seth Truran, Nina Karamanova, Adam Kindelin, Maria Lozoya, Volkmar Weissig, Daniel Griffiths, Tyler Vail, Jonathan Lifshitz, Andrew F. Ducruet, Raymond Q. Migrino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: stroke; liposome; cerebrovascular disease; oxidative stress; dementia

Online: 13 August 2021 (15:37:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0319.v1

Thromboxane A2 Receptor Antagonist (ONO-8809) Attenuates the Renal Disorders Caused by Salt-Overload in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Yusuke Nagatani, Toshihide Higashino, Kosho Kinoshita, Hideaki Higashino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: thromboxane A2 and prostaglandin H2 receptor (TPR) antagonist; ONO-8809; renal disorders; salt-overload; stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP); hypertension; oxidative stress

Online: 18 January 2021 (11:32:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0484.v1

Role of VTC4 in Stress Response and Regulation of Inorganic Polyphosphate Levels in Yeast

Alexander Tomashevsky, Ekaterina Kulakovskaya, Ludmila Trilisenko, Tatiana Kulakovskaya, Alexey Fedorov, Mikhail Eldarov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: inorganic polyphosphate; VTC4; knockout mutant; oxidative stress; gene expression; yeast

Online: 23 October 2020 (10:42:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0296.v1

Insight into Phytoremediation Capability of Brassica juncea (v. Malopolska): Metal Accumulation and Antioxidant Enzymes Activity

Arleta Małecka, Agnieszka Konkolewska, Anetta Hanc, Danuta Barałkiewicz, Liliana Ciszewska, Ewelina Ratajczak, Aleksandra Staszak, Hanna Kmita, Wiesława Jarmuszkiewicz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: oxidative stress; antioxidative system; Brassicaceae family; heavy metals

Online: 28 August 2019 (14:43:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0488.v2

Modulation of Renal Insulin Signaling Pathway and Antioxidant Enzymes with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes: Effects of Resveratrol

Gökhan Sadi, Gamze Şahin, Aykut Bostancı

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: diabetes kidney; oxidative stress; inflammation; resveratrol; insulin signaling

Online: 4 January 2019 (11:43:35 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Immunomodulatory Effect of Charak Immunity Tablets (CIT) On Healthy Participants: A Single Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Exploratory Study

Akanksha Mourya, Amit Yadav, Suresh Khadke, Sarika Mane, Asavari Joshi, Poonam Gupte, Madhavi Mahajan, Supriya Bhalerao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: CD4- CD8 counts; immunity; inflammation; oxidative stress; peak expiratory flow rate

Online: 14 September 2021 (14:43:16 CEST)

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Immunity has become an important aspect of concern, as the spread of corona virus, is on the rise. The strategies to boost and modulate the immunity have therefore become need of the hour. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Charak immunity Tablets (CIT) on innate and adaptive immune response in healthy individuals. It was a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, exploratory study. After obtaining Ethics Committee permission, 36 healthy individuals of either sex aged 18-35 years with prior consent were recruited in the study. They were randomly divided into 2 groups to receive either CIT or Placebo in 2:1 ratio. Both the interventions were given in a dose of 1 tab (500 mg) twice daily. The assessment variables were vitals [temperature, pulse, and blood pressure], respiratory health [respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and peak expiratory flow rate], questionnaire based assessment of immune status, perceived stress and quality of life along with objective assessment of immunity [CD4+, CD8+ counts, Interferon gamma (IFN γ), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin 10 (IL-10)] as well as oxidative stress; [Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione peroxidase], which were assessed at fixed time points. Of 36 recruited participants, only 18 participants completed the study. CIT treated individuals showed a statistically significant improvement in respiratory health, quality of life, perceived stress and subjective immune status. There was a decrease in the levels of serum IFN γ on day 60 compared to baseline. TNF-α and IL-10, both estimated from supernatant of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), showed a decrease and a significant increase respectively on day 60 compared to baseline in CIT group. Further, CIT significantly decreased MDA levels.The present study indicates that CIT is an effective and safe drug to boost immunity. However, our findings need to be confirmed in larger sample size using more specific immune parameters.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0337.v1

Biochemical Mechanisms Associating Alcohol Use Disorders with Cancers.

Francisco D. Rodriguez, Rafael Coveñas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: alcohol use disorders (AUD); cancer, ethanol oxidative and nonoxidative metabolism, acetaldehyde, reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA adducts, protein damage, cancer stem cells (CSC), epigenetic changes.

Online: 14 June 2021 (09:03:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0083.v2

In Schizophrenia, Low Natural IgM Antibody Titers to Oxidative Specific Epitopes and Higher IgM Responses to Nitrated and Nitrosylated Proteins Strongly Predict Negative Symptoms, Neurocognitive Impairments and the Deficit Syndrome

Michael Maes, Buranee Kanchanatawan, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Andre F. Carvalho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: immune, inflammation, natural IgM autoimmune, oxidative stress, kynurenine, schizophrenia, psychosis

Online: 8 October 2018 (13:51:40 CEST)

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Schizophrenia is characterized by an interrelated activation of the immune-inflammatory response system (IRS) and the compensatory immune-regulatory reflex system (CIRS), which downregulates the IRS. Deficit schizophrenia is characterized by a deficit in natural regulatory autoimmune responses to tryptophan catabolites. The presence and correlates of IgM isotype antibodies to oxidative specific epitopes (OSEs), nitroso (NO) and nitro (NO₂) adducts in schizophrenia remain unknown.This study measured IgM antibodies to malondialdehyde (MDA), azelaic acid, phosphatidylinositol, oleic acid, NO-tryptophan, NO-albumin, NO-cysteinyl and NO₂-tyrosine in a sample of 80 schizophrenia patients, divided into those with and those without deficit schizophrenia, and 38 healthy controls.Deficit schizophrenia was characterized by significantly lower IgM antibody levels to all OSEs as compared with non-deficit schizophrenia and controls. Lowered IgM antibodies to MDA coupled with increased IgM levels to NO-cysteinyl and NO₂-tyrosine strongly predict deficit schizophrenia versus non-deficit schizophrenia with an area under the ROC curve of 0.913. A large part of the variance (21.2 – 42.2 %) in the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and excitation is explained by IgM antibody titers to MDA (inversely) and NO-cysteinyl and/or NO₂-tyrosine (both positively). Lower IgM antibodies to MDA are significantly associated with impairments in episodic memory including direct and delayed recall.These findings further indicate that deficit schizophrenia is a distinct phenotype of schizophrenia, which is characterized by lower natural IgM antibody levels to OSEs and relative increments in nitrosylation and nitration of proteins. It is concluded that deficits in lowered IgM responses to MDA and azelaic acid (part of the CIRS) attenuate the negative immune-regulatory feedback on the primary immune response and that this process may drive negative symptoms and impairments in episodic memory and thus deficit schizophrenia.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0431.v1

mRNA Transcriptomic Profiling of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells HepG2 Treated with Catharanthus roseus-Silver Nanoparticles

Nur Asna Azhar, Siti Aishah Abu Bakar, Marimuthu Citartan, Nor Hazwani Ahmad

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: C. roseus; HepG2; silver nanoparticles; AgNPs; mRNA; transcriptomic; gene expression; oxidative stress; apoptosis; cell cycle.

Online: 24 September 2021 (12:44:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0349.v1

Impact of Seaweed-Derived Xanthophyll Carotenoid on Obesity Management: Overview of the Last Decade

Oyindamola Vivian Ojulari, Seul Gi Lee, Ju-Ock Nam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: carotenoids; seaweeds; antioxidants; astaxanthin; fucoxanthin; anti-obesity; oxidative stress

Online: 24 February 2020 (12:26:44 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0273.v1

Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Potential of Erythropoietin in Mitigating Oxidative Stress-Induced Changes in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium

Manas R. Biswal, Zhaoyao Wang, Ryan J. Paulson, Rukshana R. Uddin, Yao Tong, Ping Zhu, Hong Li, Alfred S. Lewin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Dry-AMD; oxidative stress; MnSOD; RPE; retinal degeneration; Erythropoietin; gene therapy; Animal model; AAV; ERG

Online: 12 April 2021 (09:37:18 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0449.v1

Is There a Glutathione Centered Redox Dysregulation Subtype of Schizophrenia?

Lena Palaniyappan, Min Tae M. Park, Peter Jeon, Roberto Limongi, Kun Yang, Akira Sawa, Jean Théberge

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: glutathione; glutamate; psychosis; schizophrenia; redox; antioxidant; oxidative stress; myelin; spectroscopy

Online: 27 September 2021 (12:47:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0026.v1

Structural Insights Into Substrate Recognition and Processing by the 20S Proteasome

Indrajit Sahu, Michael H. Glickman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: 20S proteasome; protein degradation; intrinsically disordered proteins; enzyme functional cycle; peptides; peptidome; proteome; oxidative stress

Online: 4 January 2021 (12:16:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0293.v1

Increased Serum Immunoglobulin Responses to Gut Commensal Gram-Negative Bacteria in Unipolar Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder Type 1, Especially When Melancholia is Present

Denitsa Simeonova, Drozdstoy Stoyanov, Jean–Claude Leunis, Andre F. Carvalho, Marta Kubera, Marianna Murdjeva, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: depression; bipolar disorder; gut; bacterial translocation; LPS; oxidative stress; neuro-immune; immunology; psychiatry

Online: 26 July 2019 (00:38:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0389.v1

ECN from Tussilago Farfara Attenuates Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory and Pro-Apoptotic Proteins Expression in Surgical Model

Amna Khan, Sidra Khalid, Adnan Khan, Bushra Shal, Eunwoo Kang, Hwaryeong Lee, Eun Kyoung Seo, Salman Khan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: ECN; neuropathic pain; oxidative stress; apoptosis; myelin sheath; spectroscopy

Online: 18 August 2020 (12:00:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0319.v1

The Industrial Organism Corynebacterium glutamicum Requires Mycothiol as Antioxidant to Resist against Oxidative Stress in Bioreactor Cultivations

Fabian Stefan Franz Hartmann, Lina Clermont, Quach Ngoc Tung, Haike Antelmann, Gerd Michael Seibold

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Corynebacterium glutamicum; Oxidative stress; Mycothiol; Mrx1-roGFP2; Redox potential

Online: 14 September 2020 (00:58:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0143.v1

Prospect of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants as a Hepatoprotective and Anti-Alcoholic Liver Disease Agent

Abugri James, Michael Adu-Frimpong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: antioxidants; alcohol metabolism; hepatoprotective; anti-ALD; mitochondrial dysfunction; mitochondria-targeted; oxidative stress; and cytochrome P450 2E1

Online: 4 March 2021 (09:13:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0107.v1

On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology

Francesca Costabile, Stefano Decesari, Roberta Vecchi, Franco Lucarelli, Gabriele Curci, Dario Massabò, Matteo Rinaldi, Maurizio Gualtieri, Emanuela Corsini, Elena Menegola, Silvia Canepari, Lorenzo Massimi, Stefania Argentini, Maurizio Busetto, Gianluca Di Iulio, Luca Di Liberto, Marco Paglione, Igor Petenko, Mara Russo, Angela Marinoni, Gianpietro Casasanta, Sara Valentini, Vera Bernardoni, Federica Crova, Gianluigi Valli, Alice Corina Forello, Fabio Giardi, Silvia Nava, Giulia Pazzi, Paolo Prati, Virginia Vernocchi, Teresa La Torretta, Ettore Petralia, Milena Stracquadanio, Gabriele Zanini, Gloria Melzi, Emma Nozza, Martina Iulini, Donatella Caruso, Lucia Cioffi, Gabriele Imperato, Flavio Giavarini, Maria Battistoni, Francesca Di Renzo, Maria Agostina Frezzini, Cinzia Perrino, Maria Cristina Facchini

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: atmospheric aerosol; chemical composition; secondary aerosol; source apportionment; ultrafine particles; oxidative potential; exposure; toxicology; forecasting; micrometeorology

Online: 12 April 2022 (09:54:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0464.v1

High Fructose Consumption: More Pain Than Gain to Human Health

Simon Isaiah, Oluwaseyi Olanrewaju, Abisola Sholeye, Modupe Ayilara

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Antioxidants; Free radicals; Fructose; Oxidative stress

Online: 17 June 2021 (14:40:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0564.v1

Evaluation of Toxic Effects of Hexavalent Chromium on the Yield and Quality of Sorghum

Praveen Kumar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Chromium; Oxidative stress; Sorghum; Biomass; Toxicity; Adversely; Nutritive; Heavy metal; Tolerant

Online: 23 November 2020 (08:57:45 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0066.v1

Dietary Polyphenols in Metabolic Diseases and Neurodegeneration: Molecular Targets on Autophagy and Biological Effects

Ana García-Aguilar, Olga Palomino Ruiz-Poveda, Manuel Benito de las Heras, Carlos Guillén Viejo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: polyphenols; autophagy; mechanisms; oxidative stress; inflammation; disease models

Online: 2 November 2020 (17:30:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0297.v1

Oxidative/Antioxidative Status in Patients after Myocardial Infarction and in Those without Cardiovascular Event Depending on Anthropometric Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity

Grzegorz Józef Nowicki, Barbara Ślusarska, Andrzej Prystupa, Maciej Polak, Maria Czubaj-Kowal, Ewa Rudnicka-Drożak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: oxidative status; antioxidant status; oxidative stress; cardiovascular diseases; overweight; obesity

Online: 28 August 2019 (14:51:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0632.v1

Leukocyte Telomere Length Is Not Shortened in Methamphetamine Dependence or Methamphetamine-Induced Psychosis but Is Increased Following Traumatic Events.

Teerayuth Rungnirundorn Teerayuth Rungnirundorn, Kuakarun Krusong, Rasmon Kalayasiri, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: methamphetamine; psychosis; schizophrenia; withdrawal; depression; neuro-immune; oxidative stress; telomere length

Online: 25 March 2021 (15:13:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0414.v1

In Schizophrenia, Increased Plasma Igm/Iga Responses to Gut Commensal Bacteria are Associated with Negative Symptoms, Neurocognitive Impairments and the Deficit Phenotype

Michael Maes, Buranee Kanchanatawan, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Andre F. Carvalho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: immune, inflammation, natural IgM, B1 cells, oxidative stress, TRYCATs, schizophrenia, psychosis, psychiatry

Online: 18 October 2018 (10:55:52 CEST)

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Increased gut permeability (leaky gut) with increased translocation of Gram-negative bacteria plays a role in the gut-brain axis through effects on systemic immune-inflammatory processes. Deficit schizophrenia is characterized by an immune-inflammatory response combined with a deficit in natural IgM antibodies to oxidative specific epitopes (OSEs), which are a first line defense against bacterial infections. This study measured plasma IgA/IgM responses to 5 Gram-negative bacteria in association with IgM responses to malondialdehyde (MDA) and azelaic acid in 80 schizophrenia patients (40 with the deficit syndrome and 40 without) and in 38 healthy controls.Deficit schizophrenia was characterized by significantly increased IgA responses to Hafnei alvei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Morganella morganii and Klebsiella pneumoniae as compared with non-deficit schizophrenia. The presence of deficit schizophrenia was highly predicted by increased IgA responses to Pseudomonas putida and IgM responses to all 5 Gram-negative bacteria and lowered natural IgM to MDA and azelaic acid with a bootstrap area under the ROC curve of 0.960 (2000 random curves). A large proportion of the variance (41.5%) in the PANSS negative score was explained by the regression on IgA responses to K. pneumoniae and IgM responses to the 5 enterobacteria coupled with lowered IgM antibodies to azelaic acid. There were significant associations between IgA levels to Gram-negative bacteria and Mini Mental State Examination, Boston naming test, Verbal Fluency and Word List Memory test scores.These findings provide further evidence that deficit schizophrenia is a distinct phenotype of schizophrenia, which is characterized by an increased impact of Gram-negative commensal bacteria coupled with a deficit in natural IgM, pointing to aberrations in B1 cells. It is concluded that increased bacterial translocation and deficits in the compensatory immune-regulatory system (CIRS) may drive negative symptoms and neurocognitive impairments, which are hallmarks of deficit schizophrenia.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0241.v1

Role of Astrocytes in Central Nervous System, Disease Implications and New Physiological Implications in Memory and Learning

Soraya L. Valles, Sandeep Kumar Singhb, Ignacio Campo, Adrian Jorda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Neurons; Astrocytes; Neurodegeneration; Neurodevelopmental diseases; Memory; Learning; Inflammation; Oxidative Stress; sleep disorders

Online: 9 June 2021 (07:36:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0147.v1

Mitochondrial Impairment Induced by Sub-Chronic Exposure to Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Giuseppa Visalli, Alessio Facciolà, Monica Currò, Pasqualina Laganà, Vincenza La Fauci, Daniela Iannazzo, Alessandro Pistone, Angela Di Pietro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: MWCNTs; oxidative stress; mitochondria

Online: 18 February 2019 (08:57:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0194.v1

Protective Effects of Oenothera Biennis Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cell Death in Skin Keratinocytes

Seung Young Lee, Chul Hwan Kim, Buyng Su Hwang, Kyung-Min Choi, In-Jun Yang, Gi-Young Kim, Yung Hyun Choi, Jin-Woo Jeong, Cheol Park

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Oenothera biennis; Evening primrose; Oxidative stress; Cell death; Nrf2/HO-1

Online: 9 September 2020 (03:29:52 CEST)

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Background: Oenothera biennis (evening primrose) produces bioactive substances with a diverse range of pharmacological functions. However, it is currently unknown whether extract prepared from the aerial parts of O. biennis (APOB) can protect the skin against oxidative stress. To investigate the protective effects of APOB against oxidative stress-induced damage in human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT) and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods: We pretreated HaCaT cells with various concentrations of APOB or the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine before applying H2O2. We then compared the cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and DNA and mitochondrial damage between pretreated and untreated control cells using a range of assays, flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis and also examined the reducing power and DPPH free radical-scavenging activity of APOB. Results: APOB pretreatment significantly increased cell viability, effectively attenuated H2O2-induced comet tail formation, and inhibited H2O2-induced phosphorylation of the histone γH2AX, as well as the number of apoptotic bodies and Annexin V-positive cells. APOB was found to have a high reducing power and DPPH radical-scavenging activity and also exhibited scavenging activity against intracellular ROS accumulation and restored the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential caused by H2O2. APOB pretreatment almost totally reversed the enhanced cleavage of caspase-3, the degradation of poly (ADP-ribose)-polymerase (PARP), DNA fragmentation that usually occurs in the presence of H2O2 and increased the levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a potent antioxidant enzyme that is associated with the induction of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Conclusions: APOB can protect HaCaT cells from H2O2-induced DNA damage and cell death by blocking cellular damage related to oxidative stress via a mechanism that affects ROS elimination and by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0112.v1

Uvaol Exerts Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects on Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells by Modulating AKT/PI3K Signaling Pathway

Gloria C. Bonel-Pérez, Amalia Pérez-Jiménez, Isabel Gris-Cárdenas, Alberto M. Parra-Pérez, José Antonio Lupiáñez, Fernando J. Reyes-Zurita, Eva Siles, René Csuk, Juan Peragón, Eva E. Rufino-Palomares

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: AKT/PI3K signaling pathway; apoptosis; human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells; migration activity; proliferation; oxidative stress; ROS level; uvaol

Online: 5 August 2020 (05:58:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0080.v1

Oxidative Stress as a Mediator of the Immunomodulation Exerted by Monoclonal Antibodies in the Treatment of Lung Cancer in Mice

Jun Tang, Daniel Ramis-Cabrer, Xuejie Wang, Esther Barreiro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: experimental lung cancer; immunomodulators; oxidative stress; autophagy; tumor growth; sirtuin-1

Online: 10 June 2019 (16:12:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0243.v1

Up-Down and Left-Right by the Heart Transcriptome

Sanda Iacobas, Bogdan Amuzescu, Dumitru Iacobas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: adrenergic signaling; ankyrin-B; calcium channel; calcium signaling; glycolysis; oxidative phosphorylation; potassium channel; sodium channel

Online: 20 November 2019 (15:58:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0042.v1

Decoding Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Parameters in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

Ghizal Fatima, Jan Fedacko, Ammar Mehdi Raza, Najah R. Hadi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Spinal Cord Injury; Oxidative stress; Antioxidants, Pain

Online: 2 July 2021 (09:05:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0525.v2

4-Hydroxynonenal in Redox Homeostasis of Gastrointestinal Mucosa: implications for Stomach in Health and Diseases

Andriy Cherkas, Neven Zarkovic

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: 4-Hydroxynonenal; lipid peroxidation; redox balance; oxidative stress; stomach; peptic ulcer; gastritis; Helicobacter pylori; gastric cancer; non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs-induced gastropathy

Online: 23 August 2018 (04:24:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0384.v1

Flavonoids: Potential Candidates for the Treatment of Neuro-Degenerative Disorders

Shweta Devi, Vijay Kumar, Sandeep Kumar Singh, Ashish Kant Dubey, Jong-Joo Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: flavonoids; cellular stress response; neurodegenerative disorders; ER stress proteotoxicity; oxidative stress; neuroinflammation

Online: 19 January 2021 (14:02:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0147.v1

Abscisic Acid and Nitrogen Showed Coordinated Action on Antioxidant System and Osmotic Adjustment to Alleviate Salinity Inhibited Photosynthetic Potential in Brassica juncea L.

Arif Majid, Bilal Rather, Asim Masood, Nafees Khan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Abscisic acid; Brassica juncea; Nitrogen; Salinity; Oxidative stress; Photosynthetic functions

Online: 7 June 2021 (07:47:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0144.v1

Global proteome of LonP1^+/- mouse embryonal fibroblasts reveals impact on respiratory chain, but no interdependence between Eral1 and mitoribosomes

Jana Key, Aneesha Kohli, Clea Bárcena, Carlos López-Otín, Juliana Heidler, Ilka Wittig, Georg Auburger

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: longevity; life expectancy; CODAS syndrome; Perrault syndrome; protease target substrates; respiratory complex assembly; oxidative stress; glutathione pathway; lysosomal degradation; fidelity protein synthesis

Online: 10 July 2019 (10:18:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0132.v1

Effects of Aqueous Dispersions of C60, C70 and Gd@C82 Fullerenes on Genes Involved in Oxidative Stress and Anti-inflammatory Pathways

Elena V. Proskurnina, Ivan V. Mikheev, Ekaterina A. Savinova, Elizaveta S. Ershova, Natalia N. Veiko, Larisa V. Kameneva, Olga A. Dolgikh, Ivan V. Rodionov, Mikhail A. Proskurnin, and Svetlana V. Kostyuk

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: aqueous fullerene dispersions; pristine fullerenes; metallofullerenes; ROS homeostasis; oxidative stress; NOX4; Nrf2; PRAR-γ; heme oxygenase 1; NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1; an-ti-inflammatory pathways

Online: 7 May 2021 (09:38:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0422.v1

Effect of Natural Food Antioxidants Against LDL and DNA Oxidative Changes

Sotirios Kiokias, Charalampos Proestos, Vassilki Oreopoulou

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: LDL-oxidation; DNA-damage; antioxidant vitamins; oxidative stress

Online: 20 September 2018 (16:53:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0453.v1

Discovery, Optimization, and Cellular Activities of 2-(Aroylamino)cinnamamide Derivatives Against Colon Cancer

Abdelsattar M. Omar, Moustafa E. El-Araby, Tamer M. Abdelghany, Martin K. Safo, Mostafa H. Ahmed, Rio Boothello, Bhaumik B. Patel, Mohamed S. Abdel-Bakky, Azizah M. Malebari, Radwan S. Elhaggar

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Michael acceptor; safe covalent drugs; oxidative stress inducers; trans-cinnamaldehyde; curcumin; colorectal cancer

Online: 29 February 2020 (04:22:03 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0118.v1

Potential Properties of Natural Nutraceuticals and Antioxidants in Eye Protection

Jessica Maiuolo, Rosamaria Bulotta, Francesca Oppedisano, Vincenzo Musolino, Micaela Gliozzi, Cristina Carresi, Federica Scarano, Saverio Nucera, Miriam Scicchitano, Martina Nicita, Rosamaria Caminiti, Francesca Bosco, Roberta Macrì, Adriano Carnevali, Vincenzo Scorcia, Vincenzo Mollace

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Eyes diseases; Oxidative damage; Antioxidant compounds; Vitamin A; Vitamin C; Lutein; Curcumin; Quercetin; Coenzyme Q10; PUFAs; BPF; Grape seed

Online: 7 July 2022 (09:04:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0260.v1

Role of Presenilin in Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans

Shaarika Sarasija, Kenneth R. Norman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: mitochondria; invertebrate; reactive oxygen species; oxidative phosphorylation

Online: 16 July 2018 (08:27:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0523.v1

A Generalized Cognitive Decline (GCoDe) Partly Mediates the Effects of Neuro-Immune and Neuro-Oxidative Toxicity on the Symptomatome and Lowered Quality of Life in (Deficit) Schizophrenia

Michael Maes, Buranee Kanchanatawan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: deficit schizophrenia; cognition; tryptophan catabolites; neuro-immune; oxidative stress; antioxidants; CCL11

Online: 19 November 2020 (21:06:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0159.v1

Inflammation and Nitro-Oxidative Stress in Current Suicidal Attempts and Current Suicidal Ideation: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Asara Vasupanrajit, Ketsupar Jirakran, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Marco Solmi, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: suicide; neuro-immune; inflammation; oxidative and nitrosative stress; depression; mood disorders; schizophrenia; psychiatry

Online: 8 September 2021 (20:03:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0487.v1

Increased Nitro-Oxidative Toxicity in Association With Metabolic Syndrome, Atherogenicity and Insulin Resistance in Patients With Affective Disorders

Nayara Morelli, Michael Maes, Kamila Bonifacio, Heber Vargas, Sandra Nunes, Decio Barbosa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Major depression; Bipolar disorder; Metabolic syndrome; oxidative and nitrosative stress, antioxidants; biomarkers.

Online: 18 March 2021 (15:56:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0222.v1

Astaxanthin Prevents Atrophy in Slow Fiber Muscles by Inhibiting Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Via a Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis Pathway

Luchuanyang Sun, Nobuyuki Miyaji, Min Yang, Edward M. Mills, Shigeto Taniyama, Takayuki Uchida, Takeshi Nikawa, Jifeng Li, Jie Shi, Katsuyasu Tachibana, Katsuya Hirasaka

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: astaxanthin; muscle atrophy; mitochondria; oxidative stress

Online: 17 June 2020 (13:29:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0719.v1

Palladium-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative C-2 Alkenylation of 5-Arylimidazoles and Related Azoles with Styrenes

Marco Lessi, Attilio Nania, Melania Pittari, Laura Lodone, Angela Cuzzola, Fabio Bellina

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: C-H activation; imidazoles; Fujiwara-Moritani reaction; dehydrogenative coupling; oxidative Heck coupling; styrenes; palladium catalysis; copper salts

Online: 31 May 2021 (09:14:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0563.v1

Omega-3 Monoacylglyceride Effects on Longevity, Mitochondrial Metabolism and Oxidative Stress: Insights from Drosophila melanogaster

Camille M. Champigny, Robert P.J. Cormier, Chloé J. Simard, Patrick-Denis St-Coeur, Samuel Fortin, Nicolas Pichaud

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: mitochondrial metabolism; aging; monoacylglyceride; polyunsaturated fatty acids; oxidative stress

Online: 24 October 2018 (09:40:31 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Entamoeba Histolytica - Gut Microbiota Interaction: More Than Meets the Eye

Serge Ankri

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: gut microbiota; Entamoeba histolytica; resistance to oxidative stress; resistance to nitrosative stress; virulence

Online: 24 February 2021 (16:26:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0429.v1

Almond Skin Extracts and Chlorogenic Acid Delay Replicative Aging by Enhanced Oxidative Stress Response Involving SIR2 and SOD2 in Yeast

Duangjai Tungmunnithum, Malika Abid, Ahmed Elamrani, Samantha Drouet, Mohamed Addi, Christophe Hano

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Aging; Almond; Chlorogenic acid; Lipid peroxidation; Mitochondria; 8-Oxo-guanine; Oxidative stress; Protein carbonylation; Sirtuin; Superoxide dismutase; Yeast

Online: 24 April 2020 (08:54:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0180.v2

Redox Homeostasis and Nitro-Oxidative Stress in Obesity-Linked Inflammation

Guillaume Treiber, Hanen Samouda, Estelle Nobécourt, Serge P. Bottari

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: oxidative stress; nitrative stress; reactive oxygen species; reactive nitrogen species; nitric oxide inflammation; obesity; peroxynitrite; adipose tissue

Online: 30 September 2022 (11:10:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0254.v1

Solanum Fruit Juice as a Natural and Sustainable Source of Antioxidants for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C under Antiviral Therapy

Chidiebere Uchenna Iheka, Justice Obinna Osuoha, Idongesit Ekong Archibong, Peter Uchenna Amadi, Oluwatoyin Taiwo Adeoti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Solanum fruit juice; biochemical markers; chronic hepatitis C; oxidative stress; antioxidants

Online: 12 October 2018 (04:55:44 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Silica Nanoparticle Effect on Population Parameters and Gene Expression of an Internal Feeder, American Serpentine Leafminer

Ahmad F. Thabet, Ola A. Galal, Midori Tuda, Magdy F.M. El–Samahy, Ryusuke Fujita, Masato Hino

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Silica nanoparticles; Liriomyza trifolii; Phaseolus vulgaris; qRT-PCR; Oxidative stress; Dose dependency

Online: 7 December 2020 (11:26:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0222.v1

Pathophysiological Alterations of Redox Signaling and Endocannabinoid System in Granulocytes and Plasma of Psoriatic Patients

Ewa Ambrożewic, Piotr Wojcik, Adam Wronski, Wojciech Luczaj, Anna Jastrząb, Neven Zarkovic, Elżbieta Skrzydlewska

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: psoriasis, arthritis, inflammation, granulocytes, redox signaling, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, 4-hydroxynonenal, lipids, endocannabinoid system

Online: 12 September 2018 (13:43:16 CEST)

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Inflammatory granulocytes are characterized by oxidative burst, which may promote oxidative stress and lipid modification both in affected tissues and on systemic level. On the other hand, redox signaling involving lipid peroxidation products acting as second messengers of free radicals play important, not yet fully understood, roles in pathophysiology of inflammation and various stress-associated disorders. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the onset of oxidative stress and alterations of enzyme-dependent lipid metabolism resulting from redox imbalance in granulocytes and plasma obtained from patients with psoriasis vulgaris or psoriatic arthritis, in comparison to the healthy subjects. The results obtained revealed enhanced activity of pro-oxidant enzymes NADPH and xanthine oxidases in granulocytes, with a decrease of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in plasma of psoriatic patients. The Nrf2 and its regulators were increased in both forms of psoriasis, while HO-1 levels were increased only in psoriasis vulgaris. Redox imbalance was associated with decreased levels of phospholipids and of free PUFAs, but with enhanced activity of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism (PLA2, PAF-AH COX1/2) and increased lipid peroxidation products 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), isoprostanes and neuroprostanes. Increased endocannabinoids and GPR55 were observed in both forms of the disease, while expression of CB1 was increased only in pateints with psoriatic arthritis, opposite to CB2, which was increased only in psoriasis vulgaris. Protein modifications by ROS and lipid peroxidation product 4-HNE promoted apoptosis of granulocytes by increased caspases in both forms of psoriasis. This study indicates that excessive activation of granulocytes, causing oxidative stress and lipid modifications, is an important pathophysiology of psoriasis. Consequently, lower Nrf2 activity and CB2 expression may promote progression of psoriasis into advanced, arthritic form of the disease.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0077.v1

The Role of Immune and Oxidative Pathways in Menstrual-Cycle Associated Depressive, Physio-Somatic, Breast and Anxiety Symptoms: Modulation by Sex Hormones

Chutima Roomruangwong, Andressa Keiko Matsumoto, Ana Paula Michelin, Laura de Oliveira Semeão, João Victor de Lima Pedrão, Estefania G. Moreira, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Andre Carvalho, Decio S. Barbosa, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: premenstrual syndrome; depression; anxiety; antioxidants; neuro-immune; inflammation; oxidative stress

Online: 9 January 2020 (08:17:43 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0472.v1

The Role of Vitamin D and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease

Keith C. Norris, Opeyemi Olabisi, M. Edwina Barnett, Yuan-Xiang Meng, David Martins, Chamberlain Obialo, Jae Eun Lee, Susanne B. Nicholas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: vitamin D; oxidative stress; kidney disease, disparities

Online: 22 October 2018 (05:42:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0244.v1

Chronic Mild Stress Modified Epigenetic Mechanisms Leading to Accelerated Senescence and Impaired Cognitive Performance in Mice

Dolors Puigoriol-Illamola, Mirna Martínez-Damas, Christian Griñán-Ferré, Mercè Pallàs

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Stress; epigenetics; senescence; cognition; age-related cognitive decline; Alzheimer’s disease; SAMP8; SAMR1; oxidative stress; inflammation; autophagy

Online: 21 January 2020 (11:44:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0737.v3

Monitoring the Redox Status in Multiple Sclerosis

Masaru Tanaka, László Vécsei

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: oxidative stress; redox; antioxidant; multiple sclerosis; biomarker; neurodegenerative disease; personalized medicine

Online: 22 September 2020 (08:42:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0415.v1

Reductions in Hydrogen Sulfide Precede Onset of Mitochondrial Quality Control in the Corneal Kindled Mouse Model of Epilepsy

Christi Cho, Maxwell Zeigler, Stephanie Mizuno, Richard S. Morrison, Rheem Totah, Melissa Barker-Haliski

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: epilepsy; hydrogen sulfide; corneal kindled mice, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, LC-MS/MS; temporal lobe epilepsy; neurological disorder; gasotransmitter

Online: 27 October 2021 (13:36:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0788.v1

Activity of Experimental Mouthwashes and Gels Containing DNA-RNA and Bioactive Molecules Against the Oxidative Stress of Oral Soft Tissues: The Importance of Formulations. a Bioreactor-Based Reconstituted Human Oral Epithelium Model

Andrei Cristian Ionescu, Elena Vezzoli, Vincenzo Conte, Patrizia Sartori, Patrizia Procacci, Eugenio Brambilla

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: DNA; RNA; bioactive compounds; excipients; surfactants; mouthwash; oral gels; oxidative stress; reconstituted oral epithelium; bioreactors

Online: 31 March 2021 (17:45:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0087.v2

Adiposity in Depression or Depression in Adiposity? the Role of Immune-Inflammatory-Microbial Overlap

Oliwia Gawlik-Kotelnicka, Dominik Strzelecki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: depression; metabolic syndrome; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; inflammation; oxidative stress; microbiota

Online: 8 January 2021 (10:16:21 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0207.v1

The Neuroprotective and Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of Bacopa monnieri: A Systematic Review

Luiz José Valotto Neto, Matheus Reverete, Renato Cesar Moretti Junior, Nathalia Mendes Machado, Rakesh Kumar Joshi, Daiane dos Santos Buglio, Caroline Barbalho Lamas, Rosa Direito, Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Masaru Tanaka, Sandra Maria Barbalho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Bacopa monnieri; phytotherapy (plants, medicinal, herbal medicine); neurodegenerative diseases; Alzheimer´; s disease; memory; cognitive functions; aging; neuroprotection; oxidative stress; antioxidants; neuropharmacology

Online: 5 February 2024 (04:02:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0357.v1

Transcriptomics Reveals Granulosa Cell’s Coping through Redox, Inflammatory, Metabolic and Cytoskeleton Mechanisms under Acute Heat Stress

Abdul Sammad, Hanpeng Luo, Lirong Hu, Huabin Zhu, Yachun Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: granulosa cells; heat stress; apoptosis; oxidative stress; RNA-seq; transcriptomics; differentially expressed genes; signaling pathways

Online: 28 February 2022 (11:08:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0292.v1

Lowered Paraoxonase 1 Activities May Explain the Comorbidities Between Temporal Lobe Epilepsy or Mesial Temporal Sclerosis and Comorbid Depression, Anxiety and Psychosis

Ana Paula Michelin, Mchael Maes, Thitiporn Supasitthumrong, Chusak Limotai, Andressa Keiko Matsumoto, Laura de Oliveira Semeão, João Victor de Lima Pedrão, Estefania Gastaldello Moreira, Buranee Kanchanatwan, Décio Sabbatini Barbosa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: temporal lobe epilepsy; antioxidants; oxidative stress; neuroimmune; major depression; schizophrenia

Online: 19 March 2020 (02:11:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0558.v1

High Vegetables Intake and Response to COPD Rehabilitation. The Role of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Dna Damage.

Sara Ilari, Laura Vitiello, Patrizia Russo, Stefania Proietti, Mirta Milic, Carolina Muscoli, Vittorio Cardaci, Carlo Tomino, Gaia Bonassi, Stefano Bonassi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); Pulmonary Rehabilitation; Vegetables; DNA damage; Genomic Instability; Oxidative stress; Inflammation.

Online: 23 June 2021 (10:08:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0086.v1

PFAS Environmental Pollution and Antioxidant Responses: An Overview of the Impact on Human Field

Marco Bonato, Francesca Corrà, Marta Bellio, Laura Guidolin, Laura Tallandini, Paola Irato, Gianfranco Santovito

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: antioxidant defenses; human health; environmental pollution; oxidative stress; epidemiology; perfluorinated substances; reactive oxygen species; toxicology

Online: 5 October 2020 (12:58:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0157.v1

The Protective Role of Toll-like Receptors Agonist Monophosphoryl Lipid A against Vaccinated Murine Schistosomiasis

Ibrahim Aly, Essam H. Ibrahim, Rabab S. Hamad, Hoda EL Sayed, Sama M.N. Attiyah, Wafaa E-Komy, Hamed A. Ghramh, Ali Alshehri, Khalid M. Alsyaad, Mohammed Alshehri, Mona Kilany

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: schistosomiasis; monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA); chemotherapy; oxidative stress; antioxidant enzymes; SEA

Online: 16 September 2019 (01:27:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0416.v1

Menstruation Distress Is Strongly Associated with Hormone-Immune-Metabolic Biomarkers

Chutima Roomruangwong, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Andressa Keiko Matsumoto, Ana Paula Michelin, Laura de Oliveira Semeao, João Victor de Lima Pedrao, Decio S. Barbosa, Estefania G. Moreira, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: menstrual cycle-related syndrome; neuroimmunomodulation; biomarkers; inflammation; oxidative stress; antioxidants

Online: 29 March 2020 (03:22:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0012.v1

Biomarker Validation of a New Case Definition of Menstrual Cycle-Associated Syndrome (MCAS)

Chutima Roomruangwong, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: premenstrual; depression; inflammation; neuro-immune; oxidative stress; antioxidants

Online: 2 December 2019 (14:12:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0133.v1

Asparagopsis armata Exudate Cocktail: The Quest for the Mechanisms of Toxic Action of an Invasive Seaweed on Marine Invertebrates

Carla Silva, Tiago Simões, Rafael Félix, Amadeu Soares, Carlos Barata, Sara Novais, Marco Lemos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Biomarkers; Fatty acid profile; Halogenated compounds; Oxidative stress; Red macroalgae; Secondary metabolites

Online: 6 October 2020 (14:52:20 CEST)

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The red seaweed Asparagopsis armata exhibits a strong invasive behaviour and is included in the list of the “Worst invasive alien species threatening biodiversity in Europe”. This seaweed has been shown to produce a large diversity of halogenated compounds with effective biological effects, deeply affecting rockpool species. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the biochemical responses to sublethal concentrations of Asparagopsis armata exudate on two coastal organisms, the marine snail Gibbula umbilicalis and the rockpool shrimp Palaemon elegans. Antioxidant defences superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), oxidative damage endpoints lipid peroxidation (LPO) and DNA damage, the neuronal parameter acetylcholinesterase (AChE), as well as the fatty acid profile were evaluated. Results revealed different metabolic responses between species, indicating that A. armata exudate affected the organisms through different pathways. Despite previous studies indicating that the exudate effected G. umbilicalis’ survival and behaviour, this does not seem to result from oxidative stress or addressed neurotoxicity. On the other hand, for P. elegans, an inhibition of AChE and the decrease of antioxidant capacity concomitant with the increase of LPO, suggests neurotoxicity and oxidative stress as mechanisms of exudate toxicity for this species. For fatty acids, there were different profile changes between species, also more pronounced for P. elegans with a general increase in PUFA with exudate exposure, which commonly means a defence mechanism protecting from membrane disruption. Nonetheless, the omega-3 PUFAs ARA and DPA were increased in both invertebrates, indicating a common mechanism regulation of inflammation and immunity responses to this stress. This work provides further insight on the mechanisms of invertebrate response and tolerance to an expanding coastal environmental stress as is the marine invader A. armata.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0479.v1

Increased Neurotoxicity Due to Activated Immune-Inflammatory and Nitro-Oxidative Stress Pathways in Patients with Suicide Attempts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Asara Vasupanrajit, Ketsupar Jirakran, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: suicide; neuro-immune; inflammation; oxidative and nitrosative stress; depression; mood disorders; schizophrenia; psychiatry

Online: 19 April 2021 (12:46:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0360.v1

Mitochondrial Abnormalities in iPSC-Derived Motor Neurons From Patients With Riboflavin Transporter Deficiency

Fiorella Colasuonno, Enrico Bertini, Marco Tartaglia, Claudia Compagnucci, Sandra Moreno

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Riboflavin transporter deficiency; motor neurons; mitochondria; energy metabolism; electron microscopy; antioxidants; SOD2; oxidative stress; neurodegeneration

Online: 12 November 2020 (18:14:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0130.v1

Comparison of Efficacies of Different Jakyakgamcho-tang Extracts on H2O2-Induced C2C12 Cell Viability

Young Sook Kim, Heung Joo Yuk, Dong-Seon Kim

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: antioxidant; C2C12 cell; Jakyakgamcho-tang; muscle atrophy; oxidative stress

Online: 5 August 2020 (10:43:24 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

The Effect of Acute Intense Exercise on Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Smokers and Non-smokers

Hadi Nobari, Hamzeh Abdi nejad, Mehdi Kargarfard, Soghra Mohseni, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Jose Carmelo Adsuar, Jorge Pérez-Gómez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: exhaustive exercise; oxidative stress; regular physical activity; saliva; peroxidase; catalase; superoxide dismutase

Online: 24 May 2021 (10:27:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0726.v1

In Utero Exposure to 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Leads to Postnatal Catch-up Growth and Dysmetabolism in the Adult Rat Liver

Shelby Louise Oke, Kendrick Lee, Rosemary Papp, Steven R. Laviolette, Daniel B. Hardy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, intrauterine growth restriction, liver, metabolism, triglycerides, oxidative stress, mitochondria, miR-203a-3p, miR-29a/b/c

Online: 30 June 2021 (09:50:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0234.v1

Administration of Enalapril Started Late in Life Attenuates Hypertrophy and Oxidative Stress Burden, Increases Mitochondrial Mass and Modulates Mitochondrial Quality Control Signaling in the Rat Heart

Anna Picca, Giuseppe Sirago, Vito Pesce, Angela Maria Serena Lezza, Riccardo Calvani, Maurizio Bossola, Emanuele Rocco Villani, Francesco Landi, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Christy Carter, Roberto Bernabei, Emanuele Marzetti

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: mitochondrial quality control, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, mtDNA, TFAM binding, oxidative lesions, mtDNA damage, cardioprotection, peroxiredoxin

Online: 13 September 2018 (11:36:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0179.v1

Anti-diabetic, Antioxidants, Anti-hepatorenaltoxicity Activities of Cyperus rotundus Rhizome Extract in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats

Mohammed Al-Awar, Turki Alqabbani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Cyperus rotundus rhizomes; Diabetes; Lipids Profile; Hepatorenalprotective; Oxidative marker

Online: 10 December 2021 (13:11:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0112.v1

High Vegetables Intake and Response to COPD Rehabilitation Treatment. The Role of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and DNA Damage

Sara Ilari, Laura Vitiello, Patrizia Russo, Stefania Proietti, Mirta Milic, Carolina Muscoli, Vittorio Cardaci, Carlo Tomino, Gaia Bonassi, Stefano Bonassi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); Pulmonary Rehabilitation; Diet; DNA damage; Genomic Instability; Oxidative stress; Inflammation

Online: 3 June 2021 (12:21:13 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Oxidase Reactivity of CuII Bound to N-truncated Aβ Peptides Promoted by Dopamine

Luigi Casella, Chiara Bacchella, Simone Dell'Acqua, Stefania Nicolis, Enrico Monzani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: copper; amyloid-β peptides; Alzheimer’s disease; oxidative stress; dopamine; neurodegeneration.

Online: 26 April 2021 (13:23:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0358.v1

Trehalose Protects Maize Plants from Salt Stress and Phosphorus Deficiency

Md. Motiar Rohman, Md. Robyul Islam, Mahmuda Binte Monsur, M. Amiruzzaman, Masayuki Fujita, Mirza Hasanuzzaman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: abiotic stress; oxidative stress; salinity; nutrient deficiency; osmolytes; methylglyoxal

Online: 28 November 2019 (09:49:35 CET)

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This study was undertaken to elucidate the role of trehalose (Tre) in mitigating oxidative stress under salinity and low P in maize. Eight-day-old maize seedlings of two maize varieties, BARI Hybrid Maize-7 and BARI Hybrid Maize-9 were subjected to salinity (150 mM NaCl), low P (5 µM KH2PO4) and their combined stress with or without 10 mM Tre for 15-d.Salinity and combined stress significantly inhibited the shoot length, root length, and root volume, whereas, low P increased the root length and volume in both genotypes. Exogenous Tre in the stress treatments increased all of the growth parameters as well as decreased the salinity, low P and combined stress-mediated Na+/K+, ROS, MDA, LOX activity and MG in both genotypes. Under salinity and low P stress, the SOD activity increased in both genotypes, but the activity decreased in combined stress. POD activity increased in all stress treatments. Interestingly, Tre application enhanced the SOD activity in all the stress treatments but inhibited the POD activity. Both CAT and GPX activity were increased by saline and low P stress while the activities inhibited in combined stress. Similar results were found for APX, GR, and DHAR activities in both genotypes. However, MDHAR activity was inhibited in all the stresses. Interestingly, Tre enhanced CAT APX, GPX, GR, MDHAR and DHAR activities suggesting the amelioration of ROS scavenging in maize under all the stresses. Increased GST activity in presence or absence of Tre might involve in detoxification of hydroperoxides as well as leaf senescence. On the other hand, increased glyoxalase activities in saline and low P stress in BHM-9 suggested better MG detoxification system because of down-regulation of Gly-I activity in BHM-7 in those stresses. Tre also increased the glyoxalase activities in both genotypes under all the stresses. Tre improved the growth in maize seedlings by decreasing Na+/K+, ROS, MDA, and MG through regulating antioxidant and glyoxalase systems.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0472.v1

Tratment With Folic Acid Increases Paraoxonase 1 Activity Thereby Improving Chronic Kidney Disease

Andressa Matsumoto, Michael Maes, Ana Paula Michelin, Kamila Bonifácio, Laura Semeão, Rafael Martins, João Pedrão, Estefânia Moreira, Vinicius Delfino, Décio Barbosa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: chronic kidney disease; folic acid; inflammation; oxidative stress; antioxidants; biomarkers

Online: 31 March 2020 (23:32:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0166.v1

Mediators of Regional Kidney Perfusion during Surgical Pneumoperitoneum Creation and the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury – A Review of Basic Physiology

Csaba Kopitkó, László Medve, Tibor Gondos, Karim Magdy Mohamed Soliman, Tibor Fülöp

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: acute kidney injury; intra-abdominal pressure; oxidative stress; renal cortical blood flow; renal medullar blood flow; renal lymphatic drainage; venous congestion

Online: 18 April 2022 (10:45:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0457.v1

Inflammatory and Oxidative Pathways are New Drug Targets in Multiple Episode Schizophrenia and Leaky Gut, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and C1q Immune Complexes are Additional Drug Targets in First Episode Schizophrenia

Michael Maes, Aristo Vojdani, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Decio Barbosa, Buranee Kanchanatawan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: deficit schizophrenia; neuro-immune; inflammation; oxidative and nitrosative stress; antioxidants; biomarkers; IgM; autoimmune

Online: 18 December 2020 (11:50:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0160.v1

Extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. Berries Prevents Cadmium-induced Oxidative Stress in the Liver: a Study in a Rat Model of Low-level and Moderate Lifetime Human Exposure to this Toxic Metal

Magdalena Mężyńska, Małgorzata M. Brzóska, Joanna Rogalska

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Aronia melanocarpa berries; cadmium; liver; oxidative/antioxidative balance; oxidative stress; protection

Online: 7 November 2018 (10:47:33 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0425.v1

Analyzing the Potential Biological Determinants of Autism Spectrum Disorders: From Neuroinflammation to Kynurenines Pathway

Rosa Savino, Marco Carotenuto, Anna N. Polito, Sofia Di Noia, Marzia Albenzio, Alessia Scarinci, Antonio Ambrosi, Francesco Sessa, Nicola Tartaglia, Giovanni Messina

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: autism spectrum disorder; neuroinflammation; kynurenine pathway; microglia; oxidative stress; mitochondrial disorder; immune deregulation; QUIN (quinolinic acid); KYNA (kynurenic acid); tryptophan catabolites

Online: 19 July 2020 (19:19:31 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0033.v1

The Neuromelanin Paradox and its Dual Role in Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration

Alexandra Moreno García, Alejandra Kun, Miguel Calero Lara, Olga Calero

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: reactive oxygen species (ROS), neuromelanin (NM), oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, immune response

Online: 1 December 2020 (15:02:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0359.v1

Chlorpyrifos- and Dichorfos-Induced Oxidative and Neurogenic Damage Elicits Neuro-Cognitive Deficits and Increases Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Wild-Type Rats

Aminu Imam, Nafeesah Abdulkareem Sulaiman, Aboyeji Lukuman Oyewole, Samson Chengetanai, Victoria Williams, Musa Iyiola Ajibola, Royhaan Olamide Folarin, Asma'u Shehu Muhammad, Sheu-Tijani Toyin Shittu, Salihu Moyosore Ajao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: oxidative damage; organophosphates; neurotoxicity; spatial working memory; anxiety-related behaviors

Online: 16 October 2018 (12:04:13 CEST)

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The mechanization of agricultural activities has led to indiscriminate deposition of toxic xenobiotics, including organophosphates in the biomes, and this has led to intoxication characterized with deleterious oxidative and neuronal changes. This study investigated the consequences of oxidative and neurogenic disruptions that follow exposure to two organophosphates, chlorpyrifos (CPF) and dichlorvos (DDVP) on neuro-cognitive performance and anxiety-like behaviors in rats Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats (150 – 170g) were randomly divided into 4 groups, orally exposed to normal saline (NS), DDVP (8.8mg/kg), CPF (14.9mg/kg) and DDVP+CPF for 14 consecutive days. On day 10 of exposures, anxiety-like behaviors and amygdala dependent fear learning were assessed using Open Field and Elevated Plus Maze paradigms respectively, while spatial working memory was assessed on day 14 in the Morris water maze paradigm, following 3 training trials each on days 11, 12 and 13. On day 15, the rats were euthanized, and their brains excised, hippocampus and amygdala removed, 5 of which were homogenized and centrifuged to analyze nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, total reactive oxygen species (ROS), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and the other three processed for histology (cresyl violet stain) and proliferative marker (Ki67 immunohistochemistry). Marked (p≤0.05) loss in body weight, AChE depletion, and overproduction of both NO and ROS were observed after repeated exposure to individual and combined doses of CPF and DDVP. Insults from DDVP exposure appeared more severe owing to the observed greater losses in the body weights of exposed rats. There was also a significant (p≤0.05) effect on the cognitive behaviors recorded from the exposed rats, and these deficits were related to the oxidative damage and neurogenic cell loss in the hippocampus and the amygdala of the exposed rats. Taken together, these results provided an insight that oxidative and neurogenic damages are central to the severity of neuro-cognitive dysfunction and increased anxiety-like behaviors that follow organophosphate poisoning.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Male Disadvantage in Oxidative Stress-Associated Complications of Prematurity: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Meta-regression

Elke van Westering-Kroon, Maurice J Huizing, Eduardo Villamor-Martínez, Eduardo Villamor

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: preterm birth; oxidative stress; sex differences; male disadvantage; female advantage; bronchopulmonary dysplasia; retinopathy of prematurity; necrotizing enterocolitis; intraventricular hemorrhage; periventricular leukomalacia; mortality.

Online: 3 September 2021 (11:08:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0257.v1

High Exogenous Antioxidant, Restorative Treatment for Prevention of Heart Failure: The Heart Diet

Ram B. Singh, Jan Fedacko, Dominik Pella, Daniel Pella, Ghizal Fatima, Yulia Gushchina, Aminat Magomedova, Galal Elkilany, Mahmood Moshiri, Krassimira Hristova, Viliam Mojto, Patrik Jakabcin, Natalia Vanova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Western diet; oxidative stress; cardiomyocyte; micronutrients; dietary fat

Online: 20 June 2022 (03:38:07 CEST)

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Heart failure (HF) has become a public health problem, but exact pathophysiology is still unknown. Western diet characterised with high sugar, high fat, red meat and processed meat, eggs, fried foods and sweetened beverages, may cause oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to oxidative dysfunction and adverse effects on cardiac-ultra-structure. However, only little is known about oxidative function of the of the myocardium and how oxidative dysfunction predispose Ca-overloading resulting in to physio-pathological remodelling leading to HF. Antioxidants such as flavonoids and polyphenolics, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, minerals as well as essential and nonessential amino acids that are rich in Indo-Mediterranean type of diets, may have protective roles in maintaining oxidative functions of the heart. The cardiac cells use fatty acids and glucose for the metabolic functions depending upon physiological and metabolic requirements. Apart from glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity is also damaging to cardiac cells which worsen in presence of deficiency of endogenous antioxidants and lower exogenous antioxidants in the diet. There is increased production of ceramide, advanced glycation end products (AGE) and triamino-methyl-N-oxide (TMAO) due to high sugar and high fat diets, leading to oxidative dysfunction and Ca-overloading. The biological changes may begin with physiological remodelling to pathological remodelling due to oxidative damages. High fat diet in combination with inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOSi) via N-arginine methyl ester has been found to preserve ejection fraction in a mouse model of HF. It is possible that increased supplementation of High Exogenous Antioxidant Restorative Treatment (HEART) diet; polyphenolics and flavonoids, vitamins, minerals, arginine, with omega-3 fatty acids, and cessation of red meat and egg may further improve the oxidative function of cardiac cells, resulting in the prevention and improvement in the earliest of the Six Stages of HF. Cohort studies and randomised, controlled trials would be necessary for demonstration of the role of HEART diet in the management of HF.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0509.v1

Intersections between Copper, β-Arrestin-1, Calcium, FBXW7, CD17, Insulin Resistance and Atherogenicity Mediate Depression and Anxiety Due to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nomothetic Network Approach

Hussein Al-Hakeim, Hadi Hadi, Ghoufran Jawad, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: depression; mood disorders; inflammation; oxidative stress; nitrosative stress; neuro-immune; antioxidants; psychoneuroimmunology

Online: 21 May 2021 (09:36:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0333.v1

Dual Aquaporin and Sigma1 Receptor (DAS) Modulators: New Tools for Counteracting Oxidative Stress

Giorgia Pellavio, Giacomo Rossino, Giulia Gastaldi, Daniela Rossi, Pasquale Linciano, Simona Collina, Umberto Laforenza

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: peroxiporins; oxidative stress; hydrogen peroxide; water channels; Sigma1 receptors; Sigma1 receptor modulators; neurodegenerative diseases

Online: 12 November 2020 (09:33:34 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0684.v1

Dimethyl Fumarate and Its Esters: A Drug with Broad Clinical Utility?

Stephanie Kourakis, Cara Timpani, Judy de Haan, Nuri Gueven, Dirk Fischer, Emma Rybalka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Clinical application; dimethyl fumarate; disease; fumaric acid esters; oxidative stress; inflammation; Nrf2; disease

Online: 28 September 2020 (11:03:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0044.v1

Role of a RhoA/ROCK-Dependent Pathway on Renal Connexin43 Regulation in the Angiotensin II-Induced Renal Damage

Gonzalo I. Gómez, Victoria Velarde, Juan C. Sáez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: hypertensive nephropathy; oxidative stress; fibrosis; inflammation; Cx43; Fasudil

Online: 5 August 2019 (05:02:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0221.v1

Diet, Oxidative Stress, and Blood Serum Nutrients in Various Types of Glaucoma: A Systematic Review

Maryla Młynarczyk, Martyna Falkowska, Zuzanna Micun, Iwona Obuchowska, Jan Kochanowicz, Katarzyna Socha, Joanna Konopińska

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: primary open angle glaucoma; primary angle-closure glaucoma; PEX glaucoma; diet; oxidative stress; nutrients serum level

Online: 18 February 2022 (03:38:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0316.v1

Neurological Outcomes Following Mitoquinone Supplementation in Mice, 3 and 7 Days Post Repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Mohammad Amine Reslan, Maya Jammoul, Leila Nasrallah, Maha Tabet, Marya El-Kurdi, Sarin Mekhjian, Judith Nwaiwu, Mona Goli, Yehia Mechref, Kevin K Wang, Firas Kobeissy, Riyad El Khoury

Subject: Social Sciences, Cognitive Science Keywords: acute injury; antioxidant; behavior; mitochondria; mitoquinone; neuroinflammation; oxidative stress; repeated mild TBI

Online: 21 July 2022 (08:17:28 CEST)

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Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) or concussion accounts for the bulk of all head injuries and represents a major health concern. Although an mTBI event may not manifest in neurobehavioral impairment, repeated injuries, known as repeated mTBI (rmTBI), can result in a cumulative effect that may progress to long-term cognitive and functional deficits. To date, there is no FDA-approved drug for TBI in general and rmTBI in particular. In previous studies, we have demonstrated the neuroprotective role of mitoquinone (MitoQ), a mitochondrial antioxidant, in an open head injury model and a model of repeated mild TBI (rmTBI) at a chronic time point (30 days). In this work, we set out to assess the neuroprotective potential of MitoQ at acute (3 days) and subacute time points (7 days) post-injury in a controlled cortical impact model of rmTBI. C57BL/6 male mice were injected intraperitoneally with MitoQ (5 mg/kg) one hour after the first mTBI, and three days after the first injury in both the 3-day and 7-day MitoQ + rmTBI subgroups, with an additional injection four days after the second injection in the 7-day group. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM) while gross and fine motor functions were evaluated by the pole climbing, grip strength, and ladder rung tests. Dihydroethidium (DHE) staining was performed to evaluate oxidative stress while qRT-PCR was used to measure the gene expression of different antioxidant enzymes. Also, immunofluorescence staining was performed on brain tissue to assess the degree of microgliosis and astrocytosis. Our results showed that MitoQ conferred significant protection on days 3 and 7 post-injury against fine motor function impairment induced by rmTBI. Moreover, MitoQ enhanced cognitive function and reduced astrogliosis, microgliosis, and levels of oxidative stress on day 7 post-injury. However, antioxidant gene expression generally remained unaffected. In light of our results, MitoQ administration may be considered a preventive approach that helps to alleviate the neurological manifestations associated with rmTBI early before symptoms progress to long-term deficits.

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