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A Literature Review of 2019 Novel Coronavirus During the Early Outbreak Period: Epidemiology, Causes, Clinical Manifestation and Diagnosis, Prevention and Control

Sasmita Poudel Adhikari, Sha Meng, Yuju Wu, Yuping Mao, Ruixue Ye, Qingzhi Wang, Chang Sun, Sean Sylvia, Scott Rozelle, Hein Raat, Huan Zhou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: 2019-nCoV; epidemiology; causes; prevention and control; review

Online: 6 February 2020 (08:54:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1376.v1

Circulation of Dengue Virus Serotype 1 genotype V and Dengue Virus Serotype 2 genotype III in Tocantins State, Northern Brazil, 2021-2022

Ueric José Borges de Souza, Ygor da Silva Miranda Macedo, Raíssa Nunes dos Santos, Franciano Dias Pereira Cardoso, Jucimária Dantas Galvão, Evgeni Evgeniev Gabev, Ana Cláudia Franco, Paulo Michel Roehe, Fernando Rosado Spilki, Fabrício Souza Campos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: DENV; Genomic surveillance; Epidemiology; molecular clock; SNPs; arboviruses

Online: 20 September 2023 (10:42:22 CEST)

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The dengue virus (DENV) is an arbovirus belonging to the Flaviviridae family; the species comprises four antigenically distinct serotypes (DENV–1, DENV–2, DENV–3, and DENV–4), which are further subdivided into genotypes. The virus is transmitted to humans through mosquito bites, primarily from the Aedes spp. genus. Dengue is endemic in various parts of the world, including tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Latin America, Africa, and Oceania. In Brazil, the state of Tocantins, located in north-central Brazil, has experienced a significant number of arboviral disease cases, particularly dengue. This study aimed to monitor DENV circulation within the state by conducting full genome sequencing of viral genomes recovered from 61 patients between June 2021 and July 2022. During this period, both DENV-1 and DENV-2 serotypes were identified. Our findings confirm the circulation of DENV serotypes 1 and 2 in Tocantins, affecting males and females equally, with younger age groups (4 to 43 years old) being the most susceptible. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the circulating viruses belong to DENV–1 genotype V American and DENV–2 genotype III Southeast Asian/American. The Bayesian analysis of DENV-1 Genotype V sequenced here is closely related to genomes previously sequenced in the state of São Paulo. Regarding DENV-2 genotype III genomes, these are clustered in a distinct, well-supported subclade, along with previously reported isolates from the states of Goiás and São Paulo. In both cases, our results suggest that multiple introductions of these genotypes occurred in the Tocantins state. This observation highlights the significant impact of major population centers in Brazil on virus dispersion, including other Latin-American countries and the USA. In the SNP analysis, DENV-1 displayed 122 distinct missense mutations, while DENV-2 had 44, with significant mutations predominantly occurring in the envelope and NS5 proteins. The analyses performed here reveal the concomitant circulation of distinct DENV-1 and -2 genotypes in some Brazilian states, underscoring the dynamic evolution of the DENV and the ongoing significance of surveillance efforts in supporting public health policies.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0649.v1

Genetic Diversity of Type A Influenza Viruses Found in Swine Herds in Northwestern Poland from 2017 to 2019. The One Health Perspective

Lukasz Rabalski, Maciej Kosinski, Piotr Cybulski, Tomasz Stadejek, Krzysztof Lepek

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: zoonosis; emerging diseases; influenza; epidemiology; NGS sequencing; surveillance

Online: 8 August 2023 (09:29:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0274.v1

Impact of the COVID-19 on the Control of Diabetic Patients in Diabetic Retinopathy and its Screening

Pedro Romero-Aroca, Marc Baget-Bernaldiz, Ramon Sagarra, Esther Hervas, Reyes Blasco, Julia Molina, Empar F. Moreno, Egugeni Garcia-Curto

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: telemedicine; diabetic retinopathy; diabetic macular edema; epidemiology; COVID-19

Online: 15 November 2022 (04:40:58 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0210.v1

The Effects of Vaccination in Case of Influenza on the Elderly in Hong Kong in Reducing Flu Infection

S M Nazmuz Sakib

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: influenza vaccine; influenza; vaccine; epidemiology; vaccine effectiveness; perceived barriers

Online: 14 October 2021 (10:07:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0161.v2

Mathematical Modelling to Study the Horizontal Transfer of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Bacteria: Current State of the Field and Recommendations

Quentin J. Leclerc, Jodi A. Lindsay, Gwenan M. Knight

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; horizontal gene transfer; mathematical modelling; epidemiology; microbiology

Online: 6 May 2019 (10:59:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0197.v1

Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients in Vietnam and a Description of Disease Control and Prevention Measures in Thai Binh Province

Van Thuan Hoang, Thi Dung Pham, Thi Loi Dao, Duc Thanh Nguyen, Van Nghiem Dang, Thanh Tung Dao, Van Luong Nguyen, Quang Huy Dang, Xuan Cap Do, Van Thom Nguyen, Van Diu Pham, Phong Tuc Vu, Nang Trong Hoang, Philippe Gautret, Duy Cuong Nguyen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Vietnam; Epidemiology; control; screening

Online: 11 May 2020 (13:02:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0276.v1

Two-step Randomisation: Applying the Results of Small Feasibility Studies of Interventions to Large-scale Mendelian Randomisation Studies to Robustly Infer Causal Effects on Clinical Endpoints

Meda R Sandu, Rhona Beynon, Rebecca Richmond, Diana L. Santos Ferreira, Lucy Hackshaw-McGeagh, George Davey Smith, Chris Metcalfe, J Athene Lane, Richard Martin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: epidemiology; causality; cancer; methodology; mendelian randomisation; randomised controlled trials

Online: 24 October 2019 (10:53:36 CEST)

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Background: Feasibility trials are preliminary trials that assess the viability and acceptability of intervention studies and the effects of the intervention on intermediate endpoints. Due to their short duration, they are unable to establish the effects of the intervention on long-term clinical outcomes. We propose a novel method that could transform the interpretation of feasibility trials using modified two-stage randomisation analyses. Methods In this two-stage process, we explored the effects of a 6-month feasibility factorial randomised controlled trial (RCT) of lycopene and green tea dietary interventions (ProDiet) on 159 serum metabolic traits in 133 men with raised PSA levels but prostate cancer (PCA) free. In the first stage, we conducted an intention-to-treat analysis, using linear regression to examine the effects of the interventions on metabolic traits, compared to the placebo group and instrumental variable analysis to assess the causal effect of the intervention on the outcomes. In the second stage, we used a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to assess the causal effect of metabolic traits altered by the interventions, on PCA risk, using summary statistics data from an international PCA consortium of 44,825 cancer cases and 27,904 controls. ResultsThe systemic effects of lycopene and green tea supplementation on serum metabolic profile were comparable to the effects of the respective dietary advice interventions (R2= 0.65 and 0.76 for lycopene and green tea respectively). Metabolites which were altered in response to lycopene supplementation were acetate (standard deviation difference versus placebo (β)): 0.69; 95% CI= 0.24, 1.15; p=0.003), valine (β: -0.62; -1.03, -0.02; p=0.004), pyruvate (β: -0.56; -0.95, -0.16; p=0.006), and docosahexaenoic acid (β: -0.50; -085, -0.14; p=0.006). The instrumental variable analysis showed there was no evidence that green tea altered the metabolome, but lycopene was associated with an increase in acetate (β=2.13; p=0.006) and decreases in pyruvate (β=-1.90; p=0.009), valine (β=-1.79; p=0.023), diacylglycerol (β=-1.81; p=0.026), alanine (β=-1.55; p=0.015) and DHA (p=0.097), where the regression coefficient represents the standard deviation (SD) difference in metabolite measures per unit change in lycopene (µmol/L) or EGCG (nM).Using MR, a genetically instrumented SD increase in pyruvate increased the odds of PCA by 1.29 (1.03, 1.62; p=0.027). Conclusion Using a two-stage randomization analysis in a feasibility RCT, we found that lycopene lowered levels of pyruvate, which our Mendelian randomization analysis suggests may be causally related to reduced PCA risk.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0346.v1

Artificial Populations in Agent-Based Modeling

Oksana Glushchenko, Aleksander Manolov, Ivan Kozlov, Vera Tsurkis, Irina Maslova, Nikolay Popov, Andrey Samoilov, Alexandr Lukashev, Elena Ilina

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: agen based modeling; COVID-19; digital epidemiology

Online: 6 December 2023 (12:34:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1787.v1

Strategies and Trends in COVID-19 Vaccination Delivery: What We Learn and What We May Use for Next Future

Giuseppe Tradigo, Jayanta Kumar Das, Patrizia Vizza, Swarup Roy, Pietro Hiram Guzzi, Pierangelo Veltri

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Vaccination strategy; Covid-19; epidemiology; vaccines distributions

Online: 25 August 2023 (07:30:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0422.v1

Histamine Intolerance in Children

Wojciech Nazar, Katarzyna Plata-Nazar, Katarzyna Sznurkowska, Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: children; histamine intolerance; nutrition; diagnostic algorithm; epidemiology

Online: 16 March 2021 (12:19:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0366.v1

Hereditary Hematologic Disorders in Najaf Province-Iraq

Hussein Kadhem Al-Hakeim, Ammar Kadhum Abdulla, Abbass F. Almulla, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: hereditary hematological disorder; Najaf; thalassemia; epidemiology; consanguinity

Online: 20 April 2020 (15:45:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0267.v1

Modeling the Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Outbreak in Sicily, Italy

Andrea Maugeri, Martina Barchitta, Sebastiano Battiato, Antonella Agodi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: novel coronavirus; COVID-19; epidemic model; epidemiology

Online: 16 April 2020 (08:24:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0222.v1

Pathogen Taxonomy Updates at the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database: Implications for Molecular Epidemiology

Kara Tsang, David Speicher, Andrew McArthur

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; biocuration; microbial nomenclature; molecular epidemiology

Online: 19 July 2019 (08:23:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0483.v1

Loreto Domínguez Senín, David Morales Pancorbo, María Yeray Rodríguez Garcés, María Dolores Santos-Rubio -, Juan Bayo Calero

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: MRONJ; CDK4/6 inhibitors; metastatic breast cancer; oral epidemiology

Online: 8 November 2023 (08:42:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0209.v1

Contrasting Epidemiology and Genetic Variation of Plasmodium vivax Infecting Duffy Negatives across Africa

Eugenia Lo, Gianluca Russo, Kareen Pestana, Daniel Kepple, Beka Raya Abargero, Ghyslaine Bruna Djeunang Dongho, Karthigayan Gunalan, Louis H Miller, Muzamil Mahdi Abdel Hamid, Delenasaw Yewhalaw, Giacomo Maria Paganotti

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Plasmodium vivax; Duffy Negatives; Africa; Molecular epidemiology; Genetic relatedness

Online: 8 December 2020 (20:30:36 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1757.v1

Epidemiology Patterns of Renal Cell Carcinoma Worldwide: Examining Risk Factors and Contemporary Immunotherapy Approaches

Ikenna K. Uchendu, Yvan Sinclair Ngaha Tchawe, Zhilenkova Angelina V., Zaiana D. Sangadzhieva, Alexander S. Rusanov, Leonid N. Bagmet, Varvara D. Sanikovich, Nathalia M. Nikitina, Obinna A. Ikebunwa, Henshaw U Okoroiwu, Olokodana Babatunde Kazeem, Marina I. Sekacheva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Renal cell carcinoma; Epidemiology; Immunotherapy; Prevalence rate; Mortality rate

Online: 27 October 2023 (05:18:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1049.v1

Gradual Emergence of East African Cassava Mosaic Cameroon Virus in Cassava Farms in Côte d’Ivoire

Békanvié Serge Marie KOUAKOU, Aya Ange Naté Yoboué, Justin S. PITA, J. Musembi Mutuku, Daniel H. Otron, Nazaire K. Kouassi, Kan Modeste Kouassi, Linda Patricia L. Vanié-Léabo, Cyrielle Ndougonna, Michel Zouzou, Fatogoma Sorho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Epidemiology; CMD; begomoviruses; Cô; te d’ Ivoire

Online: 15 January 2024 (10:27:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0407.v1

Physical Activity Among Rural Residents in Eastern, Central and Western Provinces of China: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Cheng-Yao Liang, Zhi-Yuan Zheng, Yu-Gao Wu, Zhuo-Yang Li, Ping Wang, Yi-Yang Wang, Bai-Xue Lin, Jing Fang

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: public health; physical activity; rural resident; physical exercise; epidemiology

Online: 26 October 2022 (09:51:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0060.v1

Epidemiology of the Acceptance of Anti Covid-19 Vaccine in Urban and Rural Settings in Cameroon

Cecile Ingrid Djuikoue, Rodrigue Kamga Wouambo, Majeste Pahane, Blaise Demanou Fenkeng, Cedric Seugnou Nana, Joelle Djamfa Nzenya, Flore Fotso Kamgne, Cedric Ngalani Toutchou, Benjamin D. Thumamo Pokam, Teke Apalata

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: vaccination; acceptance; Covid-19; epidemiology; Cameroon; urban area; rural area

Online: 3 February 2023 (06:23:26 CET)

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The Covid-19 pandemic has rapidly evolved in December 2019 and to prevent its spread, effective vaccines has been produced and made available to the population. Despite their availability so far in Cameroon, the vaccination coverage remains low. This study aimed at describing the epidemiology of the acceptance of vaccines against Covid-19 in some urban and rural areas of Cameroon. A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical survey was conducted from March 2021 to August 2021 targeting unvaccinated individuals from urban and rural area. After getting appropriate administrative authorizations and an ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Board (or Ethics Committee) of Douala University (N° 3070CEI-Udo/05/2022/M), a cluster sampling at many degrees was performed and a language adapted questionnaire was filled by each consenting participant. Data were analyzed using Epi info version 7.2.2.6 software and for P-values ˂ 0.05, the difference was considered as statistically significant. Out of 1053 individuals, 58.02% (611/1053) participants were residing in urban and 41.98% (442/1053) in rural areas. Good knowledge relative to Covid-19 was significantly higher in urban areas as compared to rural areas (97.55%vs.85.07, P<0.000). The proportion of respondents who intended to accept the anti Covid-19 vaccine was significantly higher in urban areas than rural areas (42.55%vs.33.26, p=0.0047). Conversely, the proportion of anti Covid-19 reluctant respondents thinking that the vaccine can induce a disease was significantly higher in rural areas than urban areas (54 (35.07 vs 8.84, P<0.0001). The significant determinants of anti-COVID-19 acceptance were the level of education (p=0.0001) and profession in the rural areas (p=<0.0001), and only the profession (p=0.0046) in the urban areas. This study globally shows that anti-COVID-19 vaccination remains a major challenge in urban as well as rural area in Cameroon. We should keep sensitizing and educate population about vaccine importance in preventing the COVID-19 spread.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0058.v1

A Narrative Review on the Human Health Effects of Ambient Air Pollution in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Urgent Need for Health Effects Studies

Eric Coker, Samuel Kizito

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: ambient air pollution; epidemiology; narrative review; sub-Saharan Africa

Online: 8 January 2018 (09:52:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1832.v1

Sero-Epidemiology of Lumpy Skin Disease and Determine Community Awareness Level about LSD in Different Agro-Ecological Zones of Sidama Regional State, Southern Ethiopia

Nebyou Moje, Adane Seifu, Gizachew Hailegebreal, Dereje Shegu, Gianmarco Ferrara, Serena Montagnaro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Agroecology; LSD; LSD outbreak; Sero Epidemiology Risk factor; Qualitative study

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:51:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0035.v1

Experiences Shared by the (Future) Public Health Workforce during the COVD-19 Pandemic in Germany: Results of A Survey on Workload, Work Content, and Related Challenges among Students and Young Professionals

Florian Fischer, Julia Wicherski, Myriam Tobollik, Timothy McCall

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: public health; epidemiology; SARS-CoV-2; employment; education; training

Online: 2 August 2022 (04:33:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0117.v1

Identification of Malignant Mesothelioma Risk Factors through Association Rule Mining

Talha Mahboob Alam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: malignant mesothelioma; epidemiology; association rule mining; Apriori method; imbalanced dataset

Online: 10 November 2019 (16:15:14 CET)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0121.v2

Public Health Policy Pillars for the Sustainable Elimination of Zoonotic Schistosomiasis

Eva Janoušková, Jessica Clark, Olumayowa Kajero, Sergi Alonso, Poppy H. L. Lamberton, Martha Betson, Joaquín M. Prada

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Schistosoma japonicum; Schistosoma mekongi; NTD; epidemiology; economics; sociology; mathematical modelling; zoonotic transmission

Online: 8 February 2022 (14:12:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0604.v1

Phylogenetic Analysis of the 2020 West Nile Virus (WNV) Outbreak in Andalusia (Spain)

Carlos S. Casimiro-Soriguer, Javier Perez-Florido, Jose L. Fernandez-Rueda, Irene Pedrosa-Corral, Vicente Guillot-Sulay, Nicola Lorusso, Luis Javier Martinez-Gonzalez, José María Navarro-Marí, Joaquin Dopazo, Sara Sanbonmatsu-Gámez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: West Nile Virus; outbreak; meningoencephalitis; epidemiology; phylogeny; whole genome sequencing

Online: 26 February 2021 (09:46:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1937.v1

Real-World Data Analysis of Patients Affected by Acquired Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Italy

Emanuele Angelucci, Andrea Artoni, Luana Fianchi, Melania Dovizio, Biagio Iacolare, Stefania Saragoni, Luca Degli Esposti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura; caplacizumab; epidemiology; mortality; real-world evidence

Online: 27 January 2024 (10:54:56 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0143.v1

The Main Risk Factors for the Number of Serious or Critical Cases of Covid-19: How is the Health of Brazilians?

Haniel Fernandes

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Covid-19; Epidemiology; Chronic diseases; Serious or critical cases; Brazil; Coronavirus

Online: 8 May 2020 (12:33:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0206.v1

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), A Narrative Review with Focus on BPD Comorbidities

JOSEPH SADEK

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Borderline personality disorder; Comorbidity; epidemiology; prevalence; diagnosis; Management

Online: 5 February 2024 (03:43:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1111.v1

Addressing Thalassaemia Management from a Patients’ Perspective: an International Collaborative Assessment

Eleftheria C. Economidou, Michael Angastiniotis, Demetris Avraam, Elpidoforos S. Soteriades, Androulla Eleftheriou

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Epidemiology; Thalassaemia; Questionnaire; Health Services; ITHACA; International survey

Online: 15 January 2024 (08:12:57 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0838.v1

West Nile Virus in vultures from Europe

Filipa Loureiro, Luís Cardoso, Ana Cristina Matos, Manuela Matos, Ana Cláudia Coelho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: epidemiology; Europe; scavengers; vultures; West Nile virus; zoonotic

Online: 14 November 2023 (17:01:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1662.v1

A Systematic Review and Meta-Epidemiology study on Multimorbidity

Gayathri Delanerolle, Yassine Bouchareb, Priyanka Jagadeesan, Guanpeng Li, Xiaojie Yang, Heitor Cavalini, Shaheen Kazali, Alain Zemokoho, David Benfield, Ashish Shetty, Peter Phiri, Jian qing Shi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: Multimorbidity; Chronic condition; Health Inequalities; Global health; Epidemiology

Online: 23 August 2023 (11:25:08 CEST)

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With enhanced life expectancy and ageing global populations, the prevalence of multimorbidity continues to increase. However, there is a dearth of evidence linked to multimorbidity diagnoses, treatments and health outcomes which remains a concern for future proofing optimal healthcare services. Generating evidence is critical to managing multimorbidity, promoting public health and minimizing health inequalities via effective healthcare policies that improve quality of life for vulnerable populations. This study assessed meta-epidemiology of multimorbidity to report the gaps in scientific knowledge and clinical practice. A systematic methodology was designed and published in PROSPERO (CRD42022347308) to report meta-epidemiology analyses using databases including PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, EMBASE, The Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group Specialised Register of Controlled Trials and MEDLINE for studies published between the 1^st of January 1980 - 31^st December 2022. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled proportion of multimorbidity in adults. Forest plots, pooled odds ratios and statistical heterogeneity metrics were used to assess the association between multimorbidity and investigated factors. Funnel plots and Egger’s regression were used to detect and correct for publication bias. Our findings identified women to be 0.32 times more likely to have multimorbidity in comparison to males. In regard to ethnicity, white people were 0.47 times less likely to develop comorbidities than black people. People who identified as a drinker or unmarried were more likely to develop comorbidities than those who are non-drinkers or married, respectively. Regardless of smoking status, people were equally likely to have comorbidity. In terms of environmental influences, people in rural areas were found to be 0.2 times less likely to have comorbidity in comparison to those living in urban areas. Interestingly, people with a higher education level were 0.57 times more likely to develop comorbidities than those with only a high school education. It is evident that multimorbidity has a significant burden globally and impacts the provision of care necessitated across populations given its association with several social determinants of health. Robust research and healthcare policies are required to better manage multimorbidity in patients. An example of such intervention includes employing prevention programs to reduce risk and incidence of multimorbidity within at-risk populations.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1106.v1

Disparities in Neonatal Mortalities in the United States

Ibrahim Qattea, Hany Aly, Maria Burdjalov

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: NICU; neonatal mortalities; survival; racial disparities; perinatal epidemiology

Online: 17 July 2023 (11:33:59 CEST)

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Abstract: Objective: We aimed to look for the mortality of Black and White Neonates and compare the Black and White neonates' mortalities after stratifying the population by many significant epidemiologic and hospital factors. We utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset over seven years from 2012 through 2018 for all neonates ≤ 28 days of age in all hospitals in the USA. Design/Method: We utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset over seven years from 2012 through 2018 for all neonates ≤ 28 days of age in all hospitals in the USA. Neonatal characteristics used in the analysis included ethnicity, sex, household income, and type of healthcare insurance. Hospital characteristics were urban teaching, urban non-teaching, and rural. Hospital location was classified according to the 9 U.S. Census Division regions. Results: Neonatal mortality continues to be higher in Black: 21,975 (0.63%) and in White was: 35495 (0.28%), Government-supported health insurance was significantly more among Black populations when compared to White (68.8% vs. 35.3% p<0.001). Household income differed significantly; almost half (49.8%) of the Black population has income ≤ 25th percentile vs. 22.1% in White. There was a significant variation in mortality in different U.S. locations. In the Black population, the highest mortality was in the West North Central division (0.72%), and the lower mortality was in the New England division (0.51%), whereas in the White population, the highest mortality was in the East South-Central division (0.36%), and the lowest mortality was in the New England division (0.21%). Trend analysis showed a significant decrease in mortality in Black and White populations over the years, but when stratifying the population by sex, types of insurance, the household income, the type of hospitals, the mortality was consistently higher in Black groups throughout the study years, Conclusions: Disparities in neonatal mortality continue to be higher in Black; There was a significant variation in mortality in different U.S. locations. In the Black population, the highest mortality was in the West North Central division, and the lower mortality was in the New England division, whereas in the White population, the highest mortality was in the East South-Central division, and the lowest mortality was in the New England division. There has been a significant decrease in mortality in Black and White populations over the years, but when stratifying the population by many significant epidemiologic and hospital factors, the mortality was consistently higher in Black groups throughout the study years.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0383.v1

Associations Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and COVID-19 Infection and Hospitalization Among U.S. Adults

Stuart F. Quan, Matthew Weaver, Mark Czeisler, Laura Barger, Lauren Booker, Mark Howard, Melinda Jackson, Rashon Lane, Christine McDonald, Anna Ridgers, Rebecca Robbins, Prerna Varma, Shantha Rajaratnam, Charles Czeisler

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: Obstructive Sleep Apnea; COVID-19; Hospitalization; Infection; Epidemiology

Online: 26 September 2022 (08:02:12 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0444.v1

Precision Public Health Through Serological Biomarkers: An Integrated Surveillance Platform to Inform Public Health Interventions

Kirsten E. Wiens, Barbara Jauregui, Benjamin F. Arnold, Kathryn Banke, Djibril Wade, Kyla Hayford, Adriana Costero-Saint Denis, Robert H. Hall, Henrik Salje, Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer, Andrew S. Azman, Guy Vernet, Daniel T. Leung

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: serology; biomarkers; serosurveillance; sero-epidemiology; precision public health

Online: 28 October 2021 (15:51:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0023.v1

MMTV Prevalence in Breast Cancer Samples in Romania- Do Major Geographical Differences Exist in the World Population?

Zsolt Fekete, Bristena Octavia Tertan, Lajos Raduly, Dan Tudor Eniu, Rares Buiga, Mihaela Galatar, Ioana Berindean-Neagoe

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: breast cancer; mouse-mammary tumor virus; epidemiology; etiology

Online: 1 July 2021 (11:31:48 CEST)

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Working Paper BRIEF REPORT

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a Dog, Connecticut, February 2021

Dong-Hun Lee, Zeinab Helal, Junwon Kim, Amelia Hunt, Alyza Barbieri, David H. Chung, Ji-Yeon Hyeon, Guillermo Risatti

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Covid-19; Dog; Connecticut; Epidemiology

Online: 18 March 2021 (10:56:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0025.v1

A ’Local-Global’ model for Seasonal Diseases: Influenza Subtypes Analysis Case Study

gal almogy

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Influenza; epidemiology; spatiotemporal; seasonality; global; transmission; infectious disease

Online: 1 March 2021 (14:05:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0622.v1

Covid-19 Seroprevalence - Do the Results Advance the Aims?

Gal Almogy

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Serology; Seroprevalence; Humoral response; COVID-19; serosurvey; epidemiology

Online: 27 August 2020 (12:47:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0117.v1

Epidemiological Characteristics and Survival in Patients with de novo Metastatic Prostate Cancer.

Carlo Cattrini, Davide Soldato, Alessandra Rubagotti, Linda Zinoli, Elisa Zanardi, Paola Barboro, Carlo Messina, Elena Castro, David Olmos, Francesco Boccardo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: prostatic neoplasms/mortality; prostatic neoplasms/epidemiology; SEER program

Online: 5 August 2020 (09:46:50 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0138.v1

Covid-19 and Other Viruses in Brazil: Can the New Pandemic Influence Epidemiological Records?

Haniel Fernandes

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: covid-19; epidemiology; epidemiological week; Brazil; coronavirus; viruses

Online: 8 May 2020 (08:08:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0098.v2

Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Addictions among the Homeless Population in the Greater Paris Area, France

Anne Laporte, Stéphanie Vandentorren, Marc-Antoine Détrez, Caroline Douay, Yann Le Strat, Erwan Le Mener, Pierre Chauvin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: homeless; mental health; epidemiology; psychotic disorders; anxiety; mood disorders; alcohol

Online: 16 January 2018 (13:12:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0754.v1

Understanding the Epidemiological Patterns of Animal Trypanosomosis in Spain: A National Atlas of Surra

Adrián Melián Henríquez, María Teresa Tejedor-Junco, Margarita González-Martín, Manuel Morales Doreste, Sergio Martín Martel, Massimo Paone, Giuliano Cecchi, Juan Alberto Corbera

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Parasitology Keywords: Spain; Canary Islands; Atlas; African animal trypanosomosis; T. evansi, Database; Epidemiology

Online: 12 December 2023 (04:29:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1541.v1

National Burden and Trends for 29 Groups of Cancer in Mexico from 1990 to 2019: A Secondary Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Saul A. Beltran-Ontiveros, Jose A. Contreras-Gutierrez, Erik Lizarraga-Verdugo, Erick P Gutierrez-Grijalva, Kenia Lopez-Lopez, Emilio H. Lora-Fierro, Miguel A. Trujillo-Rojas, Jose M. Moreno-Ortiz, Diana L. Cardoso-Angulo, Emir Leal-Leon, Jose R. Zatarain-Lopez, Hector M. Cuen-Diaz, Marisol Montoya-Moreno, Brisceyda Arce-Bojorquez, Jose L. Rochin-Teran, Daniel E. Cuen-Lazcano, Victor A. Contreras-Rodriguez, Ricardo Lascurain, Liliana Carmona-Aparicio, Elvia Coballase-Urrutia, Francisco Gallardo-Vera, Daniel Diaz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Burden of disease; Cancer epidemiology; Cancer mortality, Malignant neoplasm; Public health

Online: 23 November 2023 (14:05:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1461.v1

Epidemiological Profile of Bechcet’s Disease in Hospitalized Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil: A Serial Case Report and a Literature Review

Felipe Eduardo Valencise, José Antonio Pignatari Pinheiro Filho, Jéssica Paula Martins, Fernando Augusto Lima Marson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Brazil; Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19; Epidemiology; Inflammation; Pandemic; Public Health.

Online: 19 January 2024 (08:00:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0001.v1

Epidemiology of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Staphyloccocus aureus Isolates from a Public Database in a One Health Perspective – Sample Origin and Isolates Geographical Distribution

Francesca Zaghen, Valerio Massimo Sora, Gabriele Meroni, Giulia Laterza, Piera Anna Martino, Alessio Soggiu, Luigi Bonizzi, Alfonso Zecconi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: S. aureus; One Health; antimicrobial resistance; molecular epidemiology; geographical distribution.

Online: 1 November 2023 (09:41:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0057.v1

Epidemiology and Genotype Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus In Russia

Nikolay Pimenov, Dmitry Kostyushev, Svetlana Komarova, Anastasia Fomicheva, Alexander Urtikov, Olga Belaia, Karina Umbetova, Natalia Tsapkova, Vladimir Chulanov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: hepatitis; HCV; epidemiology; genotype; subgenotype; recombinant; RF1_2k/1b; direct-acting antivirals

Online: 2 November 2022 (11:08:11 CET)

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes both acute and chronic disease of the liver that can lead to liver cirrhosis, cancer and liver failure. HCV is characterized by high genetic diversity and substantial variations in prevalence of specific HCV genotypes in different countries of the world. Many effective regimens of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), including pan-genotypic, can successfully treat HCV infection. However, genotype-specific treatments for HCV are being actively employed in the national plans for elimination of HCV infection around the world. Evaluation of HCV genotype prevalence in a country is mandatory for successful implementation of the national plans for elimination of HCV infection and allocation of financial resources to DAAs most effecting for specific HCV genotypes prevalent in a country. Here, we analyzed HCV genotypes, subgenotypes and recombinants in 10,107 serum samples from patients with chronic HCV infection from all Federal districts of Russia collected in 2015-2017. This is the first, largest evaluation of HCV genotypes performed on samples from all territories of Russia, from its Central Federal district to the Far East. Moreover, we have updated retrospective epidemiological analysis of chronic and acute HCV infection in Russia in 2001-2021. We demonstrate that the incidence of acute HCV infection in Russia reduced from 16.7 cases per 100,000 population in 2001 to 0.6 cases per 100,000 population in 2021. The number of cases of chronic HCV infection decreased from 29.5 to 16.4 per 100,000 population during this period. HCV genotype analysis indicated that HCV genotype 1 dominates in Russia (53.6%). Genotypes 3 and 2 were detected in 35.4% and 7.8% of patients respectively. These proportions are virtually identical in all regions of Russia except for Far East, where HCV genotype 2 amounts only to 1%. HCV genotypes 1 and 2 are more widespread in women, while HCV genotype 3 in men. The highest frequency of identification of genotype 3 was found in the age group of 31-40 years old (44.9%, respectively), and genotype 1 was more prevalent in a group of over 70 years old (72.2%). The proportion of HCV genotype 2 is predominant among HCV-infected persons older than 40 years. Discriminating HCV genotype 2 and recombinant RF1_2k/1b, which are frequently misclassified, is important for successful antiviral treatment of such patients. For the first time, we demonstrate the countrywide prevalence of HCV RF1_2k/1b in different regions of Russia. HCV RF1_2k/1b amounts to 3.2% in the structure of HCV genotypes, reaching 30% among samples classified as genotype 2 by some commercial genotyping tests. The highest proportion of HCV RF1_2k/1b was detected in the north-west (60%), southern (41.6%) and central (31.6%) federal district. Its frequency in Far Eastern and North Caucasus Districts was ~ 14.3%. HCV RF1_2k/1b was not detected in the Volga, Ural and Siberian districts. To conclude, this is the first and most complete evaluation of HCV epidemiology and genotype/subgenotype distribution in Russia.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0289.v1

Estimation of Time-Dependent Reproduction Number for Global COVID-19 Outbreak

Tatiana Petrova, Dmitry Soshnikov, Andrey Grunin

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: reproduction number; infectious disease epidemiology; COVID-19; epidemic modelling; mobility index

Online: 24 June 2020 (09:03:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0286.v1

Geographic and Temporal Variability of Hepatitis E Virus Circulation in Non-Endemic Territories

Mikhail I. Mikhailov, Anastasia A. Karlsen, Ilya A. Potemkin, Olga V. Isaeva, Vera S. Kichatova, Elena Yu. Malinnikova, Fedor A. Asadi Mobarkhan, Eugeniy V. Mullin, Maria A. Lopatukhina, Victor Manuylov, Elena P. Mazunina, Evgeniia N. Bykonia, Denis A. Kleymenov, Liubov I. Popova, Vladimir A. Gushchin, Artem P. Tkachuk, Andrey D. Polyakov, Ahmed M. El-Adly, Sergey A. Solonin, Ilya Gordeychuk, Karen Kyuregyan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Hepatitis E virus; Paslahepevirus balayani; seroprevalence; molecular epidemiology; zoonosis; disease outbreaks

Online: 15 November 2022 (10:28:45 CET)

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The factors influencing hepatitis E virus (HEV) circulation remain largely unexplored. We investigated HEV seroprevalence in humans and the prevalence of infection in farm pigs and rabbits in different regions of the Russian Federation, as well as the genetic diversity and population dynamics of HEV. Anti-HEV IgG antibody detection rates in the general population increase significantly with age, from 1.5% in children and adolescents under 20 years old to 4.8% in adults aged between 20 and 59 years old, to 16.7% in people aged 60 years and older. HEV seroprevalence varies between regions, with the highest rate observed in Belgorod Region (16.4% compared with the national average of 4.6%), which also has the country’s highest pig population. When compared with the archival data, both increases and declines in HEV seroprevalence have been observed within the last 10 years, depending on the study region. Virus shedding has been detected in 19 out of the 21 pig farms surveyed. On one farm, circulation of the same viral strain for five years was documented. All human and animal strains belonged to the HEV-3 genotype, with its clade 2 sequences being predominant in pigs. Sequences from patients, pigs, and sewage from pig farms clustered together, suggesting a zoonotic infection in humans and possible environmental contamination. The HEV-3 population size predicted using SkyGrid reconstruction demonstrated exponential growth in the 1970s–1990s, with a subsequent decline followed by a short rise around the year 2010, the pattern being similar to the dynamics of the pig population in the country. The HEV-3 reproduction number (Re) predicted using Birth-Death Skyline analysis has fluctuated around 1 over the past 20 years in Russia, but is 10 times higher in Belgorod Region. In conclusion, HEV-3 circulation varies both geographically and temporally, even within a single country. The possible factors contributing to this variability are largely related to the circulation of the virus among farm pigs.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0244.v1

The Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Within the Dog Population in Croatia: Host Factors and Clinical Outcome

Vladimir Stevanovic, Irena Tabain, Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek, Maja Mauric Maljkovic, Iva Benvin, Zeljka Hruskar, Snjezana Kovac, Iva Smit, Gorana Miletic, Suzana Hadina, Vilim Staaresina, Lada Radin, Valentina Plichta, Branimir Skrlin, Zoran Vrbanac, Mirna Brkljacic, Marija Cvetnic, Josipa Habus, Kresimir Martinkovic, Iva Zecevic, Gabrijela Jurkic, Ivana Ferencak, Zrinka Stritof, Matko Perharic, Lovro Bucic, Ljubo Barbic

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; animals; dogs; epidemiology; risk factors; clinical picture; Croatia

Online: 9 June 2021 (07:40:55 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0467.v1

Biases Inherent in Studies of Coffee Consumption in Early Pregnancy and the Risks of Subsequent Events

Alan Leviton

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: caffeine; coffee; epidemiology; recall bias; misclassification; residual confounding; reverse causation; publication bias

Online: 25 July 2018 (05:57:48 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1616.v1

Harnessing Wastewater Surveillance to Detect Livestock-Linked Viruses

Warish Ahmed, Yawen Liu, Wendy Smith, Wayne Ingall, Michael Belby, Aaron Bivins, Paul Bertsch, David Williams, Kirsty Richards, Stuart Simpson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: wastewater surveillance; livestock; zoonotic pathogens; one health; animal epidemiology

Online: 25 September 2023 (04:58:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2154.v1

Advancing Syphilis Research: Exploring New Frontiers in Immunology and Pharmacological Interventions

James Oluwagbamigbe Fajemiroye, Andre Luis Elias Moreira, Célia Ito, Elson Alves Costa, Rafaella Misael Queiroz, Ogbu John Ihayi, Caroline Vitória Moreira, Rafael Fernandes Costa, Claudia Carneiro Teixeira, Miguel Junior Sordi Bortolini, Osmar Nascimento Silva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Disease management; Epidemiology; Immune response; Global health; Syphilis treatment.

Online: 31 August 2023 (09:06:16 CEST)

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Syphilis continues to be a significant global health concern, and understanding the latest advancements in immunology and pharmacological treatment is crucial for effective disease management. This review article provides an in-depth exploration of these advancements, aiming to contribute to the growing body of knowledge on syphilis research. The epidemiology of syphilis sets the stage for this review, highlighting the persistent burden of the disease worldwide. Current trends and challenges in disease control are discussed, shedding light on the need for comprehensive prevention strategies and improved surveillance systems. The immunological aspects of syphilis are the focus of this review. The intricate interplay between the host immune response and the evasive strategies employed by Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, are explored. These include the mechanisms of immune evasion, the role of adaptive and innate immunity, and the development of immune-mediated tissue damage. The article also highlights advancements in diagnostic methods, with emphasis on the importance of accurate and timely detection. From traditional serological tests to the emergence of novel molecular and point-of-care assays, these developments have significantly improved the efficiency and accuracy of syphilis diagnosis. In terms of pharmacological treatment, the review covers the current recommendations and emerging strategies for managing syphilis infections. The challenges posed by antimicrobial resistance are addressed, emphasizing the importance of appropriate treatment regimens and close monitoring of therapeutic efficacy. Looking to the future, this review highlights the potential of vaccine development as a preventive measure against syphilis. Promising vaccine candidates and ongoing research efforts are discussed, offering hope for an effective means of disease prevention. In conclusion, this comprehensive review explores the advancements in syphilis research, from the understanding of immunological complexities to the development of innovative treatment strategies. By collectively advancing our knowledge, we can strive towards better disease management and minimize the impact of syphilis on global public health.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0234.v1

Machine Learning to Predict Apical Lesions: A Cross-Sectional and Model Development Study

Sascha Rudolf Herbst, Vinay Pitchika, Aleksander Krasowski, Joachim Krois, Falk Schwendicke

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: Cross-sectional Study; Epidemiology; Panoramic Radiography; Periapical Lesions; Prevalence

Online: 2 August 2023 (14:29:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0130.v1

Childhood Leukemia Increased Significantly in Wales and Scotland After Chernobyl: A Biological Explanation

Christopher Busby

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Leukemias; Risk and prevention; Epidemiology and outreach; Chernobyl; Radiation

Online: 7 March 2023 (09:24:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0301.v1

Caries Experience and Risk Indicators in a Portuguese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

Eduardo Guerreiro, João Botelho, Vanessa Machado, Luís Proença, José João Mendes, Ana Cristina Manso

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: dental caries; caries experience; epidemiology, prevalence; risk; public health

Online: 17 January 2023 (08:56:34 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0493.v1

An Overview on SARS-CoV-2 Variants from Alpha to Omicron: Epidemiology, Treatment Plans and Preventive Strategies for Future Pandemic

Siddharthan Selvaraj, Somasundaram Prasadh, Ling Shing Wong, Sinouvassane Djearamane, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Shivkanya Fuloria, Mahendran Sekar, Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani, Saminathan Kayarohanam, Vinodhkumar Ramalingam, Suganya Mahadeva Rao, Neeraj Kumar Fuloria

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: SARS CoV-2; Variants; Epidemiology; Treatment Plans; Preventive Strategies

Online: 26 December 2022 (15:48:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0015.v1

Mycobacterium bovis Population Structure in Cattle and Local Badgers: Co-localisation and Variation by Farm Type

Georgina Milne, Adrian Allen, Jordon Graham, Raymond Kirke, Carl McCormick, Eleanor Presho, Robin Skuce, Andrew Byrne

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Bovine tuberculosis; molecular epidemiology; spatial; badgers; MLVA; Northern Ireland

Online: 3 June 2020 (09:38:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0177.v1

Impact of SARS-CoV2 Pandemic and Lockdown on the RSV Circulation: Experience of Three Spoke Hospitals in Northern Italy

Francesca Parola, Adalberto Brach del Prever, Virginia Deut, Giulia Costagliola, Carla Guidi, Neftj Ragusa, Antonella Tuscano, Fabio Stefano Timeus, Massimo Berger

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV); SARS-CoV2 Pandemic; epidemiology; seasonality trend; RSV prevalence

Online: 3 January 2024 (09:44:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2221.v1

Land Use and Cover Changes and the Occurrence of Dengue Fever in Minas Gerais State, Brazil: Governing Deforestation for Public Health

Ana Clara Andrade, Luiz Alberto Dolabela Falcão, Magno Augusto Zazá Borges, Marcos Esdras Leite, Mário Marcos do Espírito Santo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: vector-borne diseases; deforestation; ecosystem services; public health; epidemiology; disease control.

Online: 29 December 2023 (10:13:39 CET)

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Several studies have already demonstrated the relationship between the loss of natural habitats and the incidence of diseases caused by vectors, such as dengue, which is an acute fever disease, considered a serious public health problem. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between land use changes between 2009 and 2019 and the occurrence of dengue fever in 2015 and 2019 by municipality, using the state of Minas Gerais as a case study. For this, secondary data obtained from openly available sources were used. Natural vegetation cover data were obtained from the MAPBiomas platform and dengue occurrence data from the Ministry of Health, in addition to socioeconomic indicators from the Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics. Between 2015 and 2019, 1,255,731 cases of dengue were recorded throughout the state of Minas Gerais, ranging from 0 to 227 per thousand inhabitants between municipalities. The occurrence of dengue was distributed throughout all regions of Minas Gerais, affected by climatic and socioeconomic aspects. In general, municipalities with net loss of natural vegetation, predominantly located in the Cerrado biome, had the highest number of dengue cases in the studied period. Despite the significant positive relationship between these two variables, three of the eight socioeconomic parameters analyzed also affected the occurrence of dengue: population density, human development index (both positively) and Gini inequality index (negatively). These results indicate that, contrary to expectations, municipalities with better social conditions had more dengue cases. Our study indicates that natural vegetation is, directly or indirectly, involved in the ecosystem service of dengue control, despite the occurrence of this disease being affected by multiple factors that interact in a complex way. Thus, policies towards reducing deforestation must be complemented by a continuous investment in public health policies and reduction of social inequalities to efficiently control dengue fever.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0352.v1

Incidence, Spatial Pattern and Temporal Progress of Fusarium Wilt of Bananas

Daniel W. Heck, Miguel Dita, Emerson M. Del Ponte, Eduardo S. G. Mizubuti

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense; Panama disease; epidemiology; disease impact; loss; yield; management.

Online: 15 July 2021 (10:12:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0134.v1

Modeling and Visualizing the Dynamics of Epidemic Diseases Spread. The Case of COVID-19

Loukas Zachilas, Christos Benos

Subject: Physical Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; epidemiology; lattice simulation; infection diffusion; epidemics; control measures

Online: 4 July 2023 (03:58:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0088.v1

Use of an Elevated Avenue for Leisure-Time Physical Activity by Adults from São Paulo Downtown, Brazil

Eduardo Quieroti Rodrigues, Leandro Martin Totaro Garcia, Evelyn Helena Corgosinho Ribeiro, Ligia Vizeu Barrozo, Regina Tomie Ivata Bernal, Douglas Roque Andrade, João Paulo dos Anjos Souza Barbosa, Ana Paula de Oliveira Barbosa Nunes, Rogério César Fermino, Alex Antonio Florindo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: Public open spaces; Open streets; Built environment; Leisure-time physical activity; Epidemiology

Online: 7 February 2022 (13:02:09 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Trends In Cumulative Incidence and Case Fatality Of COVID-19 in The United States: Extreme Epidemiologic Response

Laurens Holmes. Jr, Glen Philipcien, Keeti Deepika, Chinaka Chinacherem, Prachi Chavan, Janille Williams, Benjamin Ogundele, Kirk Dabney, Maura Poleon, Lavisha Pelaez, Tatiana Picolli, Valescia John, Leslie Stalnaker, Michael Enwere

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV2; extreme epidemiology response; population at risk; case fatality

Online: 12 April 2020 (14:08:15 CEST)

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Objectives: COVID-19, a respiratory disease caused by SARS-COV2 and transmitted from person-to-person through viral droplets remains a global pandemic. There is a need to understand the transmission modes, populations at risk, and how to mitigate the spread and case fatality in the United States (US) and globally. The current study aimed to assess the global COVID-19 transmission and case fatality, examine similar parameters by countries and determine evidence-based practice in extreme epidemiology response in epidemic curve flattening and case fatality reduction. Methods: A cross-sectional ecologic design was used to assess the preexisting data on confirmed COVID-19 cases and mortality in March 2020 from the CDC, WHO, Worldodomter, and STATISTA. A rapid assessment between March 23^rdand 31^st, 2020, was utilized for the extreme epidemiology response. The case fatality, termed fatality proportion, was examined using mortality in relation to confirmed cases involving the world, United States of America (USA), United Kingdom (UK), Italy, France, Spain, China, Germany, India and South Korea. Results: The COVID-19 is a global pandemic, with the US as the epicenter for transmission, representing 20.9% of all confirmed cases worldwide, while Italy is the epicenter for case fatality, 30.6% of mortality as at 03/31/ 2020. The fatality proportion (FP) in Italy was 11.4%, Spain (8.8%), France (6.8%) and UK (6.4%). Despite the increased number of confirmed cases, the lowest FP was observed in Germany (0.96%) and South Korea (1.66%). There is increasing linear tends in transmission in the US, R²=0.97 as well as positive daily percentage change, ranging from 1.27% to 20.5%. Conclusions: The USA remains the epicenter for COVID-19 transmission, while Italy is the epicenter for case fatality. The observed relatively low case fatality in Germany and South Korea is due to an “extreme epidemiology” response through the application of Wuhan, China’s early data on COVID-19 transmission control measures and optimized patient care. These data are suggestive of relaxing the clinical guidelines in the United States in COVID-19 testing, application of contact tracing and testing, case isolation and most importantly enhancing resources for case management and social and physical distancing globally, hence epidemic curve flattening and case fatality reduction.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0187.v3

The BFP (Benford-Fibonacci-Perez) Method Validates the Consistency of COVID-19 Epidemiological Data in France and Italy

Jean-Claude Perez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: SARS-CoV2; Biomathematics; Benford law; trials; Epidemiology; Fibonacci; data analysis; big data

Online: 11 June 2021 (15:47:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0491.v1

On the nature of evidence and 'proving' causality: smoking and lung cancer vs. sun exposure, vitamin D and multiple sclerosis

Robyn Lucas, Rachael Rodney Harris

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: epidemiology, causality, association, smoking, lung cancer, vitamin D, sun exposure, multiple sclerosis

Online: 29 June 2018 (15:42:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0747.v1

Is the Presence of Leptospira in the Environment Merely Random? an Epidemiological Explanation Based on Serial Analysis of Water Samples

Janith Warnasekara, Shalka Srimantha, Indika Senevirathna, Chamila Kappagoda, Nirmani Farika, Achala Nawinna, Suneth Agampodi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Leptospirosis; Leptospira; water; random; metagenomic; epidemiology; soil; environment; survival; climate; zones; serial sampling

Online: 30 March 2021 (14:17:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0998.v1

Histoplasmosis at a Reference Center for Infectious Diseases in Southeast Brazil: Comparison between HIV Positive and HIV Negative Individuals

Ariane Gomes Paixão, Marcos Abreu Almeida, Roberta Espírito Santo Correia, Beatriz Brittes Kamiensky, Rosely Maria Zancopé-Oliveira, Marcia dos Santos Lazera, Bodo Wanke, Cristiane da Cruz Lamas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Histoplasmosis; Brazil; Epidemiology; HIV positive; AIDS; Immunosuppression; Culture; Serology; Mortality

Online: 26 April 2023 (14:58:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0352.v1

SIR-Solution for Slowly Time-Dependent Ratio between Recovery and Infection Rates

Martin Kröger, Reinhard Schlickeiser

Subject: Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics Keywords: epidemiology; statistical analysis; time-scale separation; differential equations; adiabatic approximation

Online: 28 February 2022 (09:12:54 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0689.v1

Alternative Invasion Mechanisms and Host Immune Response to Plasmodium vivax Malaria: Trends and Future Directions

Daniel Kepple, Kareen Pestana, Junya Tomida, Abnet Abebe, Lemu Golassa, Eugenia Lo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: Plasmodium vivax; Erythrocyte Invasion Mechanisms; Duffy Negative; Africa; Immunology; Epidemiology

Online: 27 November 2020 (13:08:59 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0376.v1

Computational Strategies to Combat COVID-19: Useful Tools to Accelerate SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Research

Franziska Hufsky, Kevin Lamkiewicz, Alexandre Almeida, Abdel Aouacheria, Cecilia Arighi, Alex Bateman, Jan Baumbach, Niko Beerenwinkel, Christian Brandt, Marco Cacciabue, Sara Chuguransky, Oliver Drechsel, Robert D. Finn, Adrian Fritz, Stephan Fuchs, Georges Hattab, Anne-Christin Hauschild, Dominik Heider, Marie Hoffmann, Martin Hölzer, Stefan Hoops, Lars Kaderali, Ioanna Kalvari, Max von Kleist, René Kmiecinski, Denise Kühnert, Gorka Lasso, Pieter Libin, Markus List, Hannah F. Löchel, Maria J. Martin, Roman Martin, Julian Matschinske, Alice C. McHardy, Pedro Mendes, Jaina Mistry, Vincent Navratil, Eric Nawrocki, Áine Niamh O'Toole, Nancy Palacios-Ontiveros, Anton I. Petrov, Guillermo Rangel-Piñeros, Nicole Redaschi, Susanne Reimering, Knut Reinert, Alejandro Reyes, Lorna Richardson, David L. Robertson, Sepideh Sadegh, Joshua B. Singer, Kristof Theys, Chris Upton, Marius Welzel, Lowri Williams, Manja Marz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: virus bioinformatics; SARS-CoV-2; sequencing; epidemiology; drug design; tools

Online: 23 May 2020 (11:01:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0477.v1

Epidemiological Changes in Orofacial Trauma between the Pre-Covid and COVID Periods: A Spanish Multicentre Comparative Study of Tertiary Referral Hospitals

Angela Sada-Urmeneta, Jose-Ignacio Salmeron-Escobar, Carlos Navarro-Cuéllar, Eduardo Olavarria, Gregorio Sanchez-Aniceto, Sonia Herrero-Alvarez, Oscar De la Sen-Corcuera, Anna-Maria Simon-Flores, Fernando Almeida, Iñigo Aragon-Niño, Jose-Luis Del Castillo, Dafne Gascon, Marc Agea, Manuel Tousidonis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; orofacial trauma; maxillofacial trauma; epidemiology; public health

Online: 7 June 2023 (03:35:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0216.v2

Detection and Survival of SARS-coronavirus in Human Stool, Urine, Wastewater and Sludge

Andrew Singer, Rachel Wray

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-coronavirus; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; COVID-19; Stool; Urine; Wastewater; Wastewater-based epidemiology

Online: 18 June 2020 (09:29:00 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0269.v1

Antibiotics Against COVID-19 and Mitochondria? Urgent Thinking Out of the Box

Jaroslaw Tyszka, Karolina Kobos, Aleksandra Tyszka

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Theoretical Chemistry Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; pandemic; antibiotics; immune response; mitochondria; epidemiology; health policy

Online: 16 April 2020 (12:14:30 CEST)

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Italian, Spanish, French vs German, Austrian or Norwegian COVID-19 tracks? Antibiotics might have a partial impact on COVID-19 death rates in various countries. Our working hypotheses based on recent publications is that that antibiotics may be a major factor that negatively affects patients’ immune system during viral infections. We are all aware that there is no specific and effective medical treatment for COVID-19 so far. However, we know that our immune system is the only efficient weapon that fights against this syndrome right now. In fact, antibiotics are very often prescribed to prevent secondary infections following an antiviral immune response. Various antibiotic therapies have also been commonly applied to support COVID-19 treatments in China and Italy. Unfortunately, the frequent antibiotic off-site targets include mitochondria that are genetically and evolutionary closely linked to bacteria. Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles responsible for bioenergetics in nearly all our cells, acting as signaling hubs in antiviral and antibacterial immune responses. Several studies have demonstrated that mitochondria are vulnerable to antibacterial treatments, interrupting their physiology. Inhibition of these processes by antibiotics might render the immune system less capable of fighting acute COVID-19 viral infections. Some antibiotics, including those prescribed for COVID-19 in Wuhan, have been shown to inhibit the synthesis of mitochondrial DNA. The question is whether antibiotics support such a treatment or weaken patient immune responses in this case. This hypothesis should be evaluated based on comparative clinical data that seem to be unavailable at the moment. Possibly the COVID-19 risk group should be extended to all patients being treated with antibiotics, including those who finished antibiotic therapies days up to several months before SARS-CoV-2 infection. We therefore urge health service response groups to evaluate the impact of antibiotics on COVID-19 recovery vs death retrospective data. We would like to motivate international, national and local health authorities to share available clinical treatment data, discuss and optimize treatment strategies.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1395.v1

Sex, Age, and Regional Disparities in the Burden of Asthma in Mexico from 1990 to 2019: A Secondary Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Ana Lopez-Bago, Ricardo Lascurain, Pavel E. Hernandez-Carreño, Francisco Gallardo-Vera, Jesus Argueta-Donohue, Francisco Jimenez-Trejo, David A. Fuentes-Zavaleta, Saul A. Beltran-Ontiveros, Delia M. Becerril-Camacho, Victor A. Contreras-Rodriguez, Daniel Diaz

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Allergic diseases; Atopic march; Burden of disease; Chronic respiratory diseases; DALYs; Epidemiology; Incidence; Prevalence

Online: 21 June 2023 (08:52:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1362.v1

The Rise and Fall of Omicron BA.1 Variant as Seen in Wastewater Supports Epidemiological Model Predictions

Michal Liddor Naim, Yu Fu, Marilou Shagan, Itay Bar-Or, Robert Marks, Qun Sun, Rony Granek, Ariel Kushmaro

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Omicron; Wastewater-based epidemiology; RT-qPCR; SIR model; SIRS model

Online: 20 July 2023 (11:44:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0240.v1

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater Associated with Scientific Stations in Antarctica and Possible Risk for Wildlife

Marcelo González-Aravena, Cristobal Galban-Malagon, Eduardo Castro-Nallar, Gonzalo P. Barriga, Victor Neira, Lucas Krüger, Aiko D. Adell, Jorge Olivares-Pacheco

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Antarctica; wastewater-based epidemiology; COVID-19; Antarctic wildlife; environmental surveillance

Online: 5 February 2024 (07:58:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1960.v1

The Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Glaucoma – An Update

Karen Allison, Kevin Andrew Morabito, Margaret M. DeAngelis, Deepkumar Patel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Glaucoma; epidemiology of glaucoma; open angle glaucoma; blindness; disparities in glaucoma treatment and diagnosis

Online: 28 December 2023 (02:26:28 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0139.v1

Potential Super Spreading’s of SARS-2 Pandemic. A Short Review

Anthony Kyriakopoulos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: SARS epidemiology; super spread events; efficient diagnosis to contain magnitude of SARS-2 outbreaks

Online: 9 April 2020 (07:48:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0311.v1

Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study on Chronic Hepatitis C in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Ukraine: Virus, Patient, and Disease Characteristics in Patients under Care (RESPOND-C Study)

Ligita Jančorienė, Baiba Rozentāle, Ieva Tolmane, Agita Jēruma, Riina Salupere, Arida Buivydienė, Jonas Valantinas, Limas Kupčinskas, Jolanta Šumskienė, Eglė Čiupkevičienė, Arvydas Ambrozaitis, Olga Golubovska, Larysa Moroz, Robert Flisiak, Borys Bondar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Baltic states; chronic hepatitis C; epidemiology; hepatitis C virus; genotype; Ukraine

Online: 5 July 2023 (12:30:04 CEST)

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Background and objectives: Since 2013, highly effective direct-acting (DAA) chronic hepatitis C (CHC) antiviral therapy became available, which has cure rates of over 95%. For choice of optimal CHC treatment, assessment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype (GT) and liver fibrosis stage are necessary. Information about distribution of these parameters among CHC patients in Baltic states and especially in Ukraine is scarce. This study was performed to obtain epidemiological data regarding CHC GT and fibrosis stage distribution for better planning of resources and prioritization of patients for DAA drug treatment according to disease severity in high-income (Baltic states) and lower-middle income (Ukraine) countries. Materials and Methods: This was an epidemiological, retrospective, cross-sectional study that included 1451 CHC patients. Demographic and disease information from medical charts was collected for each patient during a single visit. Results: Most frequent suspected mode of viral transmission was blood transfusions (17.8%), followed by injection drug use (15.7%); however, in 50.9% of patients exact mode of transmission was not clarified. In Ukraine (18.4%) and Estonia (26%) transmission by the injection drug use was higher than in Lithuania (5%) and Latvia (5.3%). Distribution of HCV GT among patients with CHC was as follows: GT1 - 66.4%; GT3 - 28.1; and GT2 - 4.1%. The prevalence of GT1 was the highest in Latvia (84%), and the lowest in Ukraine (63%, p<0.001). Liver fibrosis stages were distributed as follows: F0 - 12.2%, F1 - 26.3%, F2 - 23.5%, F3 – 17.1% and F4 - 20.9%. Cirrhosis (F4) was more prevalent in Lithuanian patients (30.1%) than in Estonians (8.1%, p <0.001). Conclusions: This study contributes to the knowledge of epidemiological characteristics of HCV infection in the Baltic states and Ukraine. The data regarding the patterns of HCV GT and fibrosis stage distribution will be helpful for the development of national strategies to control HCV infection in the era of DAA therapy.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0542.v1

Human Papillomavirus Epidemiology and Prevention: Is There Still a Gender Gap?

Giovanna Milano, Giovanni Guarducci, Nicola Nante, Emanuele Montomoli, Ilaria Manini

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: Human papillomavirus; Epidemiology; Prevention Strategies; Vaccination; Screening; Cervical Cancer; Gender Gap

Online: 19 April 2023 (04:32:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0265.v1

COVID-19, Seasonality, and Historical Epidemiological Risk in Italy: Descriptive Study and Considerations for Public Health

Alessandro Rovetta

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; epidemiology; Italy; mortality; public health; risk factors; seasonality; temperature

Online: 15 March 2023 (01:55:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0046.v2

Solar Activity Cycles Recur Epidemic and Pandemic Viruses: Space Weather Alerts

Ramy Mawad, Hanafy M. Madbouly, Ehab M. B. Mahdy

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Space weather; Solar terrestrial connection; Climate change; Solar cycle; Environment; Epidemiology

Online: 12 January 2023 (02:36:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0483.v1

What We Know About Sting-Related Deaths? Human Fatalities Caused by Hornet, Wasp and Bee Stings in Europe (1994-2016)

Xesús Feás, Carmen Vidal, Susana Remesar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Hymenoptera; insect; bee; wasp; hornet; epidemiology; fatalities; venomous animals; public health

Online: 30 December 2021 (12:17:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0621.v1

Population Risk Factors for COVID-19 Deaths in Nigeria at Subnational Level

Zubaida Hassan, Muhammad Jawad Hashim, Gulfaraz Khan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; mortality; epidemiology; risk factors; Nigeria; Africa

Online: 25 July 2020 (18:20:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0073.v1

Significantly Improved COVID-19 Outcomes in Countries with Higher BCG Vaccination Coverage: A Multivariable Analysis

Danielle Klinger, Ido Blass, Nadav Rappoport, Michal Linial

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Epidemiology; SARS-CoV-2; Multivariable regression; Tuberculosis; Demography; Coronavirus; MMR vaccine

Online: 7 June 2020 (09:25:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0084.v1

Incidence, Mortality, Disability-Adjusted Life Years, and Trends of Prostate Cancer in Mexico from 2000 to 2019: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Saul A. Beltran-Ontiveros, Martha A. Fernandez-Galindo, Jose M. Moreno-Ortiz, Jose A. Contreras-Gutierrez, Jesus Madueña-Molina, Elyakim Arambula-Meraz, Emir Leal-Leon, Delia M. Becerril-Camacho, Veronica J. Picos-Cardenas, Carla Angulo-Rojo, Diana Z. Velazquez, Francisco Jimenez-Trejo, Francisco Gallardo-Vera, Daniel Diaz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Age-standardized rate; Burden of disease; Cancer epidemiology; Malign neoplasm; Sociodemographic index; Subnational heterogeneity

Online: 6 May 2022 (14:47:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0211.v2

Surveillance of Mosquitoes for Zika Virus in Westchester County, New York

Randolph Earl Schilke

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Zika virus; Flavivirus; RNA Viruses; Viruses; surveillance; occurrence; epidemiology; West Nile virus; Aedes; Culicidae

Online: 30 March 2017 (04:53:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0438.v1

Risk Factors for Early and Late Onset Preeclampsia in Reunion island: Multivariate Analysis of Singleton and Twin Pregnancies. A 20-year Population-Based Cohort of 2120 Preeclampsia Cases

Pierre-Yves Robillard, Malik Boukerrou, Gustaaf Dekker, Marco Scioscia, Francesco Bonsante, Brahim Boumahni, Silvia Iacobelli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Preeclampsia; epidemiology; early onset preeclampsia; late onset preeclampsia; twin pregnancies; monozygotic twins; dizygotic twins

Online: 20 July 2021 (09:44:40 CEST)

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Objectives: To develop a multivariate model for risk factors specific to early onset preeclampsia (EOP) and late onset preeclampsia (LOP) in our entire population (singleton and twin pregnancies). Material and methods: 20 year-observational population-based historical cohort study (2001-2020). All consecutive births delivered at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Hospitalier Sud Reunion’s maternity. A standardized validated epidemiological perinatal data base. Results: During the 20-year period, there were 81,834 pregnancies and 83,555 infants born, 1232 dichorionic and 350 monochorionic twin pregnancies. There were 2120 cases of preeclampsia, of which 2001preeclamptic singleton pregnancies and 119 twin pregnancies (incidence 7.5% in twin pregnancies vs 2.5% singletons, OR 3.0, p<0.001). Independent risk factors for EOP and LOP in a multivariate model (controlling for the two major confounders: namely maternal ages -both risks for EOP and LOP- and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI – specific risk factor for LOP) were: history of preeclampsia (aOR 11.7 for EOP, 7.8 for LOP, p < 0.0001), chronic hypertension (aOR 7.3 for EOP, 3.9 for LOP, p < 0.0001), history of perinatal death (aOR 2.2 for EOP, p < 0.0001 and 1.48 for LOP, p= 0.007), primipaternity (aOR 3.0 for EOP and 3.6 for LOP, p = 0.001), dizygotic twin pregnancies (aOR 3.7 for EOP, p < 0.0001 and 2.1 for LOP, p = 0.003), monozygotic twin pregnancies (aOR 3.98 for EOP, p = 0.003 and NS for LOP), ovulation induction (aOR 5.6 for EOP, p = 0.004 and NS for LOP), and in vitro fertilization (aOR 2.8 for EOP, p = 0.05 and NS for LOP). Specific to LOP and NS for EOP: renal diseases (aOR for LOP 2.9, p= 0.007) and gestational diabetes mellitus (aOR 1.2, p= 0.04). Conclusions: Maternal ages over 35 years, chronic hypertension , history of preeclampsia, ovulation induction, in vitro fertilizations, history of perinatal deaths and twin pregnancy (in our experience, especially mono zygotic twin pregnancies) are significant risk factors for EOP. New paternity is an independent factor for both EOP and LOP.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0059.v1

Genomic Epidemiology of SARS-Cov-2 in Western Burkina Faso, West Africa

Yacouba Sawadogo, Lokman Galal, Essia Belarbi, Arsène Zongo, Grit Schubert, Fabian Leendertz, Abdoulie Kanteh, Abdul Karim Sesay, Annette Erhart, Anne-Laure Bañuls, Zekiba Tarnagda, Sylvain Godreuil, Halidou Tinto, Abdoul-Salam Ouedraogo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Whole Genome Sequencing; Genomic epidemiology; West Africa, Burkina Faso

Online: 2 November 2022 (11:14:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0039.v2

A Compartmental Epidemiological Model for the Dissemination of the COVID-19 Disease

Evangelos Matsinos

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Epidemiology; infectious disease; compartmental model; mathematical modelling and optimisation; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 12 June 2020 (12:14:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0031.v1

Genetic Diversity and Possible Origins of the Hepatitis B Virus in Siberian Natives

Victor Manuylov, Vladimir Chulanov, Ludmila Bezuglova, Elena Chub, Anastasia Karlsen, Karen Kyuregyan, Yulia Ostankova, Alexander Semenov, Lyudmila Osipova, Tatjana Tallo, Irina Netesova, Artem Tkachuk, Vladimir Gushchin, Sergey Netesov, Lars O. Magnius, Heléne Norder

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: hepatitis B virus; genotypes; subgenotypes; HBsAg subtypes; molecular epidemiology; Siberia; Siberian natives; aboriginal population

Online: 5 October 2022 (10:44:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0271.v1

Regional Variations in the Dynamics of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US

Gal Almogy

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: 2019-nCoV; COVID-19; excess mortality; all-cause deaths; case fatality ratio; CFR; epidemiology

Online: 13 October 2020 (10:27:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0246.v1

Why Has COVID-19 Mortality Been Higher in Certain Countries Than Others? An Ecological Analysis of 204 Countries

Chris Kenyon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 mortality rate; testing intensity; epidemiology; Europe; Asia; obesity; elderly

Online: 21 June 2020 (10:01:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0646.v2

A Diverse Virome of Leafroll-Infected Grapevine Unveil by dsRNA Sequencing

Mamadou L. Fall, Dong Xu, Pierre Lemoyne, Issam E. Ben Moussa, Carole Beaulieu, Odile Carisse

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Grapevine leafroll disease; viromics; dsRNA extraction; virus epidemiology; virus co-occurrence; Vitis vinifera; interspecific hybrid

Online: 29 September 2020 (08:49:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0389.v1

Demanding of Lassa Fever: Reducing its Risk as an Infectious Disease

Abdullahi Tunde Aborode, Victor Adegbile Adesewa, Oni Ebenezer Ayomide, Samuel Ogunsola Olarenwaju

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Lassa Fever; Virus; Infectious Disease; Hazard; West Africa; Health Care; Epidemiology; Epidemic; Measures; Burden; Management

Online: 17 July 2020 (15:19:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2217.v1

Injury Prevalence among Young Elite Baseball Players

Daeho Ha, Satoshi Nagai, Byungjoo Noh, Naoki Mukai, Shumpei Miyakawa, Masahiro Takemura

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: epidemiology; baseball injury; young baseball players; injury prevalence; early single sport specialization

Online: 31 May 2023 (10:06:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0234.v1

Irish Dancing Injuries and Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic Review

Ana Rita Póvoa, Cláudia Maria Costa, Sérgio Simões, Ana Morais Azevedo, Raul Oliveira

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: Irish dance; injuries; risk factors; injury prevention; epidemiology; prevalence; incidence; surveillance system

Online: 12 April 2023 (03:35:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0015.v1

SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater: Occurrence, Detection and Implications

Anshika Billa, Sanjeev Balda, Aarjoo Sharma, Rupali Dhingra, Shiv Nandan Sah, Neena Capalash, Prince Sharma

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Wastewater; Surveillance; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater based epidemiology; COVID-19; Detection; Sewage

Online: 4 April 2022 (11:04:30 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0349.v1

The Colon Transcriptome Explorer (CoTrEx) 2.0: a Reference Web-Based Resource for Exploring Population-Based Normal Colon Gene Expression

Virginia Díez-Obrero, Ferran Moratalla-Navarro, Christopher Dampier, Matthew Devall, Robert Carreras-Torres, Graham Casey, Victor Moreno

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: RNA-Seq; bioinformatics; web application; gene expression; alternative splicing; visualization; molecular epidemiology

Online: 20 September 2021 (16:56:32 CEST)

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