Rabalski, L.; Kosinski, M.; Cybulski, P.; Stadejek, T.; Lepek, K. Genetic Diversity of Type A Influenza Viruses Found in Swine Herds in Northwestern Poland from 2017 to 2019: The One Health Perspective. Viruses2023, 15, 1893.
Rabalski, L.; Kosinski, M.; Cybulski, P.; Stadejek, T.; Lepek, K. Genetic Diversity of Type A Influenza Viruses Found in Swine Herds in Northwestern Poland from 2017 to 2019: The One Health Perspective. Viruses 2023, 15, 1893.
Rabalski, L.; Kosinski, M.; Cybulski, P.; Stadejek, T.; Lepek, K. Genetic Diversity of Type A Influenza Viruses Found in Swine Herds in Northwestern Poland from 2017 to 2019: The One Health Perspective. Viruses2023, 15, 1893.
Rabalski, L.; Kosinski, M.; Cybulski, P.; Stadejek, T.; Lepek, K. Genetic Diversity of Type A Influenza Viruses Found in Swine Herds in Northwestern Poland from 2017 to 2019: The One Health Perspective. Viruses 2023, 15, 1893.
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAV) are still a cause of concern for public health and veterinary services worldwide. With (-) RNA-segmented genome architecture, influenza viruses are prone to reassortment and can generate a great variety of strains, some capable of crossing interspecies barriers. The latest 2009 pandemic and numerous reports of zoonotic infections worldwide show that these capabilities cannot be underestimated. Seasonal IAV strains continuously spread from humans to pigs, leading to multiple reassortation events with strains endemic to swine. Due to high adaptability to human, reassortant strain based on “human-like” genes could potentially be a carrier of avian origin segments responsible for high virulence, hence become next pandemic strain with unseen pathogenicity. We must foresee this kind of event, paying close attention to the surveillance of common human-animal interfaces. The rapid evolution of sequencing methods has provided a fast and cost-efficient way to assess the genetic diversity of IAV. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity of swine influenza viruses (swIAVs) collected from Polish farms. A total of 376 samples were collected from 11 farms. The infection was confirmed in 112 cases. The isolates were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS), resulting in 93 full genome sequences. Phylogenetic analysis classified 59 isolates as genotype T (H1avN2g) and 34 isolates as genotype P (H1pdmN1pdm), all of which had an internal gene cassette (IGC) derived from the H1N1pdm09-like strain. These data are consistent with evolutionary trends in European swIAVs. The applied methodology proved to be useful in monitoring the genetic diversity of IAV at the human-animal interface.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
