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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0036.v1

The Classifications and Some Correlations for Fermi Blazars

Junhui Fan, Y Liu, J.H. Yang, C Lin, J.M. Hao

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; galaxies: nuclei

Online: 15 July 2016 (09:37:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0973.v2

The Andromeda Galaxy and its Star Formation History

Denis Leahy

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: spiral galaxies; star formation; galactic structure; galaxy formation

Online: 19 May 2023 (07:24:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0174.v1

A Critical Examination of the Standard Cosmological Model: Toward a Modified Framework for Explaining Cosmic Structure Formation and Evolution

Robert Nyagisera, Dismas Simiyu Wamalwa, Benard Rapando, Celine Awino, Maxwell Mageto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Modified redshift; Friedmann; Number density; Light intensity; Galaxies

Online: 3 January 2024 (09:03:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0040.v1

A panchromatic view of relativistic jets in narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies

Filippo D'Ammando, Monica Orienti, Justin Finke, Josefin Larsson, Marcello Giroletti, Claudia M. Raiteri

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: nuclei; galaxies: jets; galaxies: Seyfert; gamma-rays: general

Online: 15 July 2016 (11:29:08 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Features of Structure and Absorption in the Jet-launching Region of M87

Wei Zhao, Xiaoyu Hong, Tao An, Xiaofeng Li, Xiaopeng Cheng, Fang Wu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: individual (m87); galaxies: jets; galaxies: active; radio continuum: galaxies

Online: 1 October 2019 (16:01:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0363.v1

High–Redshift Quasars at z

z \geq 3

Yulia Sotnikova, Alexander Mikhailov, Timur Mufakharov, Tao An, Dmitry Kudryavtsev, Marat Mingaliev, Roman Udovitskiy, Anastasia Kudryashova, Vlad Stolyarov, Tamara Semenova

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; active; galaxies; high-redshift; quasars; general; radio continuum; galaxies

Online: 4 April 2024 (10:08:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0201.v2

Spiral Arm Formation of Galaxies Through ROTASE Mechanism Is Perfectly Demonstrated by Falling Rockets Venting Fuel

Hongjun Pan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Spiral arms; Spiral galaxies; X-matter; Black holes; Galaxy evolution; Spirals by rockets

Online: 30 June 2023 (11:38:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0025.v1

Broad Band Observations Of Gravitationally Lensed Blazar QSO B0218+357 During A Gamma-Ray Outburst

Julian Sitarek, Josefa Becerra González, Sara Buson, Dijana Dominis Prester, Marina Manganaro, Daniel Mazin, Kari Nilsson, Mireia Nievas, Antonio Stamerra, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Ievgen Vovk

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Gamma rays: galaxies; Gravitational lensing: strong; Galaxies: jets; Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; Galaxies: individual: QSO B0218+357

Online: 13 July 2016 (05:36:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0008.v1

Spectral and Polarization Signatures of Relativistic Shocks in Blazars

Markus Boettcher

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: active galaxies; blazars; jets; polarization; shock acceleration

Online: 8 July 2016 (03:03:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0092.v1

The Alignment of Galaxies in Structures – Review

Włodzimierz Godłowski

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: orientation of galaxies; galaxies clusters; morphological types of galaxies

Online: 1 November 2023 (12:17:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0284.v1

Galaxy Number Counts from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

John Herbert Marr

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: number counts; galaxies: evolution

Online: 15 December 2022 (14:53:09 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0402.v1

Jim Henry, Mesut Yurukcu, George Nnanna

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Universe; galaxies; Milky Way Galaxy; spiral galaxies; hurricanes; pattern.

Online: 27 October 2021 (11:49:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0284.v1

A Walk Through Agn Country—For the Somewhat Initiated!

Robert R. J. Antonucci

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies; galaxies: active

Online: 5 July 2023 (11:09:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0437.v1

Remarkable Spiral Galaxies in Dark Energy Survey Data Release 2

Michael J Longo

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Galaxies; anomalies; dark matter; colliding galaxies

Online: 16 April 2021 (11:05:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0877.v1

Investigating Possible Correlations Between Gamma-Ray and Optical Lightcurves for TeV-Detected Northern Blazars Over 8 Years of Observations

Atreya Acharyya, Alberto Sadun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: BL Lacertae objects; general – galaxies; active – galaxies; jets – quasars; general

Online: 13 June 2023 (04:56:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0339.v1

A Crucial Role of Proteolysis in Formation of Intracellular Dinitrosyl Iron Complexes

Karolina E. Wójciuk, Jarosław Sadło, Hanna Lewandowska, Marcin Kruszewski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: K562 cells; electron paramagnetic resonance; nitric oxide; reactive nitrogen species; dinitrosyl iron complexes; chelatable iron; glutathione

Online: 6 February 2024 (13:33:11 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0070.v1

Feeding and Pore Formation in Semisolid Metal Casting

Anders E. W. Jarfors, Qing Zhang, and Stefan Jonsson

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Semisolid casting; porosity, hydrogen, shrinkage, feeding; stirring; degassing

Online: 5 October 2020 (11:03:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0065.v1

Synthesis of Reusable Silica Nanosphere-Supported Pt(IV) Complex for Formation of Disulfide Bonds in Peptides

Xiaonan Hou, Xiaowei Zhao, Yamei Zhang, Aiying Han, Shuying Huo, Shigang Shen

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: monodisperse silica nanospheres; supported platinum(IV) complex; peptide; intramolecular disulfide; reusability

Online: 12 December 2016 (17:54:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0335.v1

An Alternative to Dark Matter?A Cosmological Model of Galaxy Rotation Using Cosmological Gravity Force, F_Λ (ALW)

Jean Perron

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmological parameters numerical values; cosmology early universe; galaxies kinematic and dynamic; galaxies Coma cluster; galaxies evolution

Online: 28 May 2019 (11:00:50 CEST)

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A cosmological model was developed using the equation of state of photon gas, as well as cosmic time. The primary objective of this model is to see if determining the observed rotation speed of galactic matter is possible, without using dark matter (halo) as a parameter. To do so, a numerical application of the evolution of variables in accordance with cosmic time and a new state equation was developed to determine precise, realistic values for a number of cosmological parameters, such as energy of the universe , cosmological constant Λ, curvature of space k, energy density , age of the universe etc. Some assumptions were put forth in order to solve these equations. The current version of the model partially explains several of the observed phenomena that raise questions. Numerical application of the model has yielded the following results, among others: Initially, during the Planck era, at the very beginning of Planck time, , the universe contained a single photon at Planck temperature Planck energy in the Planck volume. During the photon inflation phase (before characteristic time ~10^-9 ), the number of original photons (alphatons) increased at each unit of Planck time and geometrical progression ~n³, where n is the quotient of cosmic time over Planck time . Then, the primordial number of photons reached a maximum of N~10⁸⁹, where it remained constant. It's primordial photons (alphatons) are still present today and represents the essential of the energy contained in the universe via the cosmological constante . Such geometric growth in the number of photons can bring a solution to the horizon problem through exchange and a photon energy volume that is in phase with that of the the volume energy of the universe. The age of the universe in cosmic time that is in line with positive energy conservation (in terms of conventional thermodynamics) and the creation of proton, neutron, electron, and neutrino masses, is ~76 [Gy] (observed . The predicted total mass (p, n, e and n), based on the Maxwell-Juttner relativistic statistical distribution, is ~7x10⁵⁰ . The predicted cosmic neutrino mass is ≤ 8.69x10^-32 (≤ 48.7 ) if based on observations of SN1987A. The temperature variation of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), as measured by Planck, can be said to be partially due to energy variations in the universe (DU/U) during the primordial baryon synthesis (energy jump from the creation of protons and neutrons). In this model, what is usually referred to as dark energy actually corresponds to the energy of the universe that has not been converted to mass, and which acts on the mass created by the energy-mass equivalence principle and the cosmological gravity field, , associated with the cosmological constant, which is high during primordial formation of the galaxies (<1 [Gy]). A look at the Casimir effect makes it possible to estimate a minimum Casimir pressure and thus determine our possible relative position in the universe at cosmic time 0,1813 (t₀/t_W=13,8 /76,1 ). Therefore, from the observed age of 13,8 [Gy], we can derive a possible cosmic age of 76,1 [Gy]. That energy of the universe, when taken into consideration during the formation of the first galaxies (< 1 [Gy]), provides a relatively adequate explanation of the non-Keplerian rotation of galactic masses. Indeed, such residual, non-baryonic energy, when considered in Newton’s gravity equation, adds the term , which can partially explain, without recourse to dark matter, the rotations of some galaxies, such as M33, UGC12591, UGC2885, NGC3198, NGC253, DDO161, UDG44, the MW and the Coma cluster. Today, in the MW, that cosmological gravity force is in the order of 10²⁶ times smaller than the conventional gravity force. The model predicts an acceleration of the mass in the universe (q~ 0,986); the energy associated with curvature is the driving force behind the expansion of the universe, rather than the energy associated with the cosmological constant . An equation to determine expansion is obtained using the energy form of the Friedmann equation relative to Planck power and cosmic time or Planck force acting at the frontier of the universe moving at c. This constant Planck force, from unknown sources, acts everywhere to the expansion of the universe as a stretching effect on the volume. Finally, the model partly explains the value a₀ of the MOND theory. Indeed, a₀ is not a true constant, but depends on the cosmological constant at the time the great structures were formed (~1 [Gy]), as well as an adjustment of the typical mass and dimension of those great structures, such as galaxies. The constant a₀is a different expression of the cosmological gravity force as expressed by the cosmological constant, Λ, acting through the energy-mass equivalent during the formation of the structures. It does not put in question the value of G.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0047.v1

Dietary Sugars and Endogenous Formation of Advanced Glycation Endproducts: Emerging Mechanisms of Disease

Manuela Aragno, Raffaella Mastrocola

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: advanced glycation end products; fructose; glucose; lipogenesis; sphingolipids; NLRP3; Nrf2; mitochondrial dysfunction; oxidative stress

Online: 14 February 2017 (08:38:14 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0455.v1

Biofilm Formation on Hybrid, Resin–Based CAD/CAM Materials for Indirect Restorations: A Comprehensive Review

Konstantinos Tzimas, Christos Rahiotis, Eftychia Pappa

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: CAD/CAM; biofilm; resin-based biomaterials; dental materials

Online: 8 March 2024 (03:54:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0051.v1

Search for QPOs in the Light Curve of the Blazar OJ287: Preliminary Results from 2015/16 Observing Campaign

S. Zola, M. Valtonen, G. Bhatta, A. Goyal, B. Debski, A. Baran, J. Krzesinski, M. Siwak, S. Ciprini, A. Gopakumar, H. Jermak, K. Nilsson, D. Reichart, K. Matsumoto, K. Sadakane, K. Gazeas, M. Kidger, V. Piirola, F. Alicavus, K.S. Baliyan, A. Berdyugin, D. Boyd, M. Campas Torrent, F. Campos, J. Carrillo Gomez, D.B. Caton, V. Chavushyan, J. Dalessio, D. Dimitrov, M. Drozdz, A. Erdem, A. Escartin Perez, V. Fallah Ramazani, A.V. Filippenko, F. Garcia, F. Gomez Pinilla, M. Gopinathan, J.B. Haislip, J. Harmanen, G. Hurst, K.M. Ivarsen, M. Jelinek, A. Joshi, M. Kagitani, N. Kaur, N. Karaman, W.C. Keel, A.P. LaCluyze, B.C. Lee, E. Lindfors, J. Lozano De Haro, J.P. Moore, R. Naves Nogues, A.W. Neely, R.H. Nelson, W. Ogloza, S. Okano, J.C. Pandey, M. Perri, P. Pihajoki, G. Poyner, J. Provencal, T. Pursimo, A. Raj, R. Reinthal, S. Sadegi, T. Sakanoi, J.-L. Salto Gonzales, T. Schweyer, F.C. Soldan Alfaro, E. Sonbas, I. Steele, J.T. Stocke, J. Strobl, L.O. Takalo, T. Tomov, L. Tremosa Espasa, J.R. Valdes, J. Valero Perez, F. Verrecchia, J.R. Webb, M. Yoneda, M. Zejmo, W. Zheng, J. Telting, J. Saario, T. Reynolds, A. Kvammen, E. Gafton, R. Karjalainen, P. Blay

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: active; BL Lacertae objects: individual (OJ 287); super massive black holes

Online: 18 July 2016 (10:46:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0400.v1

p62, the Receptor for Selective Autophagy, Contributes in ATXN3 Aggregate Formation in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3

Anna J. Zimmer, Carola Bahl, Jule M Schäfer, Jonasz Jeremiasz Weber, Olaf Riess, Jeannette Hübener-Schmid

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3; ataxin-3; p62/sequestosome-1; autophagy; autophagy impairment; co-localized aggregation

Online: 7 March 2024 (08:06:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0129.v1

How Are Red and Blue Quasars Different? The Radio Properties

Victoria Anne Fawcett, David Alexander, David Rosario, Lizelke Klindt

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Quasars; Galaxies; Radio; Supermassive Black-Holes

Online: 8 October 2021 (09:12:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0823.v1

Hubble Diagram Test of SN1a Supernovae and High Redshift Gamma Ray Bursts: Data Analysis of the Log(z)/µ, ln(z+1)/T(d) and Linear Photon Flight Time T/(z+1) Scales. – Comparison of Observational Data with Model Calculations.

Laszlo Marosi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; distances and redshifts - galaxies; high-redshift - stars; gamma ray burst; general - cosmology; cosmological parameters

Online: 13 November 2023 (12:18:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0228.v1

Droplet Formation and Energy Input during Induction Wire Melting with Pulsed and Constant Generator Power

Jonas Kimme, Jonas Gruner, André Hälsig, Jonas Hensel

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: additive manufacturing; directed energy deposition; 3D printing; induction heating; calorimetry; mild steel; wire feedstock; pulsed power; process monitoring

Online: 5 March 2024 (06:33:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1753.v1

Si-Wu-Tang Promotes Cell Proliferation and Osteogenic Gene Expression during Osteoblastogenesis Yet Dampens the Formation of Osteoclast

Shuenn-Yun Wu, Yu-Hsu Chen, Ming‑Te Cheng, Yu-Pao Hsu, Ying-Chou Hsieh, Ching‑Hsiao Yu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Complementary And Alternative Medicine Keywords: Si-Wu-Tang; bone formation; bone resorption; osteoblastogenesis; osteoclastogenesis

Online: 29 February 2024 (14:09:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0700.v1

Waste Glycerol in the Biosynthesis of Liquid Fuels and Other Value-Added Products – a Review

Joanna Kazimierowicz, Marcin Dębowski, Marcin Zieliński, Sandra Mlonek, Jordi Cruz Sanchez

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: waste glycerol; glycerol for liquid fuels; glycerol for value-added products; valorisation of glycerol; bibliographic analysis

Online: 13 March 2024 (07:09:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0518.v1

Effects of Higher Order Retarded Gravity

Asher Yahalom

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Galaxies; rotation curves; gravitational retardation

Online: 21 May 2021 (10:00:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0046.v1

The Discrepancy in Galaxy Rotation Curves

Roy Gomel, Tomer Zimmerman

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: dark matter; reference frames; galaxies

Online: 5 August 2019 (05:08:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0275.v1

The Impact of Nature-Based Outdoor Learning Landscape on STEAM Concept Formation of Preschoolers: A Scoping Review

Nazia Afrin Trina, Muntazar Monsur, Nilda Cosco, Stephanie Shine, Leehu Loon, Ann Mastergeorge

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: Preschooler; STEAM Concept; Landscape Elements; Informal Learning; Affordances

Online: 5 April 2024 (03:26:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0102.v1

Isolation and Characterisation of Probiotics for Antagonising Cariogenic Bacterium Streptococcus mutans and Preventing Biofilm Formation

Pei-Pei Lin, You-Miin Hsieh, Cheng-Chih Tsai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: dental caries; Streptococcus mutans; lactic acid bacteria; biofilm; glucosyltransferases

Online: 24 October 2016 (09:37:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0044.v1

MWL Picture Of The Blazar S5 0716+714 During Its Brightest Outburst

Marina Manganaro, Giovanna Pedaletti, Marlene Doert, Denis Bastieri, Vandad Fallah Ramazani, Dario Gasparrini, Elina Lindfors, Benoit Lott, Mireia Nievas, Bindu Rani, Emmanouil Angelakis, George Borman, Mark Gurwell, Talvikki Hovatta, Ryosuke Itoh, Svetlana Jorstad, Alex Kraus, Thomas P Krichbaum, Paul Kuin, Anne Lahteenmaki, Valeri Larionov, Amy Yarleen Lien, Ioannis Myserlis, David J Thompson, Merja Tornikoski, J Anton Zensus

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: BL-Lacertae objects: individual: S5 0716+714; Galaxies:active; gamma-rays: galaxies

Online: 18 July 2016 (06:02:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0137.v1

Solving the Problems of Dark Energy and the Hubble Constant Using Corrected Hubble’s Law

Askar Abdukadyrov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Galaxies; redshift; Hubble’s law; dark energy; Hubble constant

Online: 10 April 2023 (03:47:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1173.v1

Switching On/Off Amyloid Plaque Formation in Transgenic Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease

Sergey A. Kozin, Olga I. Kechko, Alexei A. Adzhubei, Alexander A. Makarov, And Vladimir A. Mitkevich

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; transgenic animal model; amyloidogenesis; amyloid-beta; peptide; isoaspartate; zinc; α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; aggregation seeding; anti-amyloid drug

Online: 15 December 2023 (12:23:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1276.v1

Multimessenger Studies of One Subclass of Active Galactic Nucleus: Blazar

Yu-Hai Yuan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; blazars; multi-messenger studies; generally

Online: 19 July 2023 (04:15:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0023.v1

Observing---and Imaging---Active Galactic Nuclei with the Event Horizon Telescope

Vincent Fish, Kazunori Akiyama, Katherine Bouman, Andrew Chael, Michael Johnson, Sheperd Doeleman, Lindy Blackburn, John Wardle, William Freeman

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: jets---Galaxy: center---techniques: high angular resolution---techniques: image processing---techniques: interferometric

Online: 12 July 2016 (09:41:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0396.v1

Asymmetry in Galaxy Spin Directions -- Analysis of Data from DES and Comparison to Four Other Sky Surveys

Lior Shamir

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Galaxies; Large-scale structure of Universe; Cosmic anisotropy

Online: 26 July 2022 (08:08:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0032.v1

The radio/gamma-ray connection from 120 MHz to 230 GHz

Marcello Giroletti, Filippo D'Ammando, Monica Orienti, Rocco Lico

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: BL Lacertae objects: general, catalogues, gamma rays: galaxies, quasars: general, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, radio continuum: galaxies

Online: 14 July 2016 (12:11:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0010.v1

Static Formation Temperature Prediction Based on Bottom Hole Temperature

Changwei Liu, Youguang Chen, Lin Jia, Dong Ma, Kewen Li

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: static formation temperature; shut-in time; least squares; PSO

Online: 2 August 2016 (05:42:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0596.v1

Analyzing the impact of Resistant Starch Formation in Basmati Rice Products: Exploring Associations with Blood Glucose and Lipid Profiles across various cooking and storage conditions

Prabhjot Kaur, Harpreet Kaur, Renuka Aggarwal, Kiran Bains, Amrit Kaur, Lachhman Das Singla, Kuldeep Gupta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: glycemic index; glycemic load; basmati rice; resistant starch; storage temperature; cooking methods; dietary fibre

Online: 14 March 2024 (05:50:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0191.v1

Effelsberg Monitoring of a Sample of RadioAstron Blazars

Jun Liu, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Xiang Liu, Alex Kraus, Hayley Bignall, Yuri Y. Kovalev, Kirill V. Sokolovsky, J. Anton Zensus

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; active -- method; statistical -- radio continuum; ISM

Online: 31 October 2017 (04:18:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0420.v1

Fullerene Negative Ions: Formation and Catalysis

Zineb Felfli, Kelvin Suggs, Nantambu Nicholas, Alfred Z. Msezane

Subject: Physical Sciences, Atomic And Molecular Physics Keywords: Fullerene anions; electron cross sections; polarization interaction; water oxidation; anionic catalysis

Online: 28 February 2020 (11:46:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0372.v1

Approach to the “Missing” Diarylsilylene: Formation, Characterization, and Intramolecular C−H Bond Activation of Blue Diarylsilylenes Having Bulky Rind Groups

Kazuki Mochihara, Tatsuto Morimoto, Kei Ota, Shinsuke Marumoto, Daisuke Hashizume, Tsukasa Matsuo

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Inorganic And Nuclear Chemistry Keywords: silicon; silylenes; hydrosilanes; C−H bond activation; silanols

Online: 6 March 2024 (14:22:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0940.v1

Fibrin-Based Hydrogels with Reactive Amphiphilic Copolymers for Mechanical Adjustments Allow for Capillary Formation in 2D and 3D Environments

Svenja Wein, Carina Schemmer, Miriam Aischa Al Enezy-Ulbrich, Shannon Anna Jung, Stephan Rütten, Mark Kühnel, Danny David Jonigk, Wilhelm Jahnen-Dechent, Andrij Pich, Sabine Neuss

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Fibrin-based hydrogels; Cell-based angiogenesis; Copolymer integration; In vitro pre-vascularization; Biohybrid constructs

Online: 19 February 2024 (11:48:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0081.v1

Halo Concentrations and the Fundamental Plane of Galaxy Clusters

Yutaka Fujita, Stefano Ettori, Megan Donahue, Keiichi Umetsu, Elena Rasia, Massimo Meneghetti, Elinor Medezinski, Nobuhiro Okabe, Marc Postman

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; clusters; general—cosmology; theory—darkmatter—large-scale structure of universe

Online: 5 November 2018 (03:43:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0134.v1

How Long Can the Spiral Arms of Disc Galaxies Be Optically Observed?

Hongjun Pan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Spiral arms; spiral pattern rotation; evolution; spiral galaxies

Online: 2 November 2023 (10:34:43 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0030.v1

Radio Galaxies - The TeV Challenge

Bindu Rani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: active galactic nuclei; radio galaxies; gamma-rays; jets

Online: 2 November 2018 (07:07:11 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0060.v1

Group Transformation: Fruiting Body and Stalk Formation

Cathleen Broersma, Elizabeth Ostrowski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: aggregative multicellularity; fruiting body; stalk formation; social amoebae; dictyostelium

Online: 5 May 2021 (13:10:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0119.v1

Evolutionary Physical Constants in Einstein's Field Equations and the Redshift

Rajendra P. Gupta

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmology theory; cosmological parameters; galaxies; distances and redshifts; variable physical constants; VSL

Online: 10 April 2019 (08:25:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0586.v2

The Effects of Inertial Forces on the Dynamics of Disk Galaxies

Tomer Zimmerman, Roy Gomel

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: reference systems; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; cosmology: dark matter

Online: 24 May 2021 (10:15:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0375.v2

A Unified Electro-Gravity Theory to Model Spiral Galaxies without Dark Matter

Nirod K. Das

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Unified Electro-Gravity (UEG) Theory; spiral galaxies; dark matter

Online: 27 September 2020 (10:41:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0274.v1

Intrinsic Nature of Dark Matter in the Galactic Halo

UGUR CAMCI

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: modified gravity; dark matter; halos; flat rotation curves

Online: 12 August 2020 (08:05:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0107.v1

On the Dynamics of Rotationally Supported Galaxies

Ramzi Suleiman

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Dark matter; galaxies; galaxy rotation curve; radial acceleration relation.

Online: 8 March 2019 (09:58:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0147.v2

Modelling the Rising Tails of Galaxy Rotation Curves

Fan Zhang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Dark matter; galaxies; gravitation; rotation curves; galaxy rotation period

Online: 29 January 2019 (09:24:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0057.v1

Using the Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters to Determine their Mass Accretion Rate

Cristiano De Boni

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; clusters; general; methods N-body simulations; cosmology; theory

Online: 9 December 2016 (16:38:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0034.v1

Flaring γ-ray emission from high redshift blazars

Monica Orienti, Filippo D'Ammando, Marcello Giroletti, Justin Finke, Daniele Dallacasa

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: active; gamma-rays: general; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

Online: 15 July 2016 (04:40:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0727.v1

Oral Antiviral Defense: Saliva- and Beverage-Like Hypotonicity Dynamically Regulate Formation of Membraneless Biomolecular Condensates of Antiviral Human MxA in Oral Epithelial Cells

Pravin. B Sehgal, Huijuan Yuan, Anthony Centone, Susan V DiSenso-Browne

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: oral/gingival epithelium; environmental hypotonic stress; interferon-λ; human myxovirus re-sistance protein (MxA); biomolecular condensates; membraneless organelles (MLOs); osmoreg-ulation; macromolecular uncrowding and recrowding; regulated volume decrease (RVD)

Online: 12 March 2024 (15:23:39 CET)

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The oral mucosa represents a defense between the external environment and the rest of the body and encompasses several antimicrobial and antiviral mechanisms. Oral mucosal cells are constantly bathed in hypotonic saliva (normally one-third tonicity compared to plasma) and are repeatedly exposed to environmental stresses of tonicity, temperature and pH by the drinks we imbibe (e.g. hypotonic: water, tea, coffee; hypertonic: assorted fruit juices, red wines), as well as of diverse microbial and viral flora. In the mouth, the broad-spectrum antiviral mediator MxA (a dynamin-family large GTPase) is constitutively expressed in healthy periodontal tissues, and also induced by Type III interferons (e.g. IFN-λ1). Endogenously induced human MxA and exogenously expressed human GFP-MxA formed membraneless biomolecular condensates in the cytoplasm of oral carcinoma cells (OECM1 cell line). These condensates likely represent storage granules in equilibrium with antivirally active dispersed MxA. Remarkably, cytoplasmic MxA condensates were exquisitely sensitive sensors of hypotonicity – the condensates in oral epithelium disassembled within 1-2 min of exposure of cells to saliva-like one-third hypotonicity, and spontaneously reassembled in the next 4-7 min. OECM1 cells preloaded with calcein-AM (a reporter of cytosolic “macromolecular crowding”) confirmed unquenching and then requenching of calcein fluorescence during this process. Hypertonicity had little effect on MxA condensates. The spontaneous reassembly of GFP-MxA condensates in oral epithelial cells even under continuous saliva-like hypotonicity was slowed by the protein phosphatase inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA) and by the K-channel blocker tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) suggestive of the involvement of the volume-sensitive WNK kinase-protein phosphatase (PTP)-K-Cl cotransporter (KCC) pathway in the regulated volume decrease (RVD) during condensate reassembly in oral cells. Thus, physiologically, hypotonic drinks (water, tea, coffee) trigger a rapid deployment of antiviral MxA throughout the cytoplasm of oral epithelial cells, with subsequent salvage of MxA back into storage granules/condensates.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1595.v1

Simultaneous Formation of Polyhydroxyurethanes and Multicomponent Semi-IPN Hydrogels

Ana-I. Carbajo-Gordillo, Elena Benito, Elsa Galbis, Roberto Grosso, Nieves Iglesias, Concepción Valencia, Ricardo Lucas, M.-Gracia García-Martín, M.-Violante De-Paz

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: NIPU; cyclic carbonates; PHU; functional polymers; interpenetrated networks; IPN; SIPN; porous materials; rheological properties

Online: 28 February 2024 (10:54:39 CET)

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This study introduces an efficient strategy for synthesizing polyhydroxyurethane-based multicomponent hydrogels with enhanced rheological properties. In a single-step process, 3D materials composed of Polymer 1 (PHU) and Polymer 2 (PVA or gelatin) were produced. Polymer 1, a crosslinked polyhydroxyurethane (PHU) grew within a colloidal suspension of Polymer 2, forming an interconnected network. The synthesis of Polymer 1 utilized a Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane (NIPU) methodology based on the aminolysis of bis(cyclic carbonate) (bisCC) monomers derived from 1-thioglycerol and 1,2-dithioglycerol (monomers MA and ME, respectively). This method, applied for the first time in Semi Interpenetrating Network (SIPN) formation, demonstrated exceptional orthogonality, since the functional groups in Polymer 2 do not interfere with Polymer 1 formation. Optimizing PHU formation involved a twenty-trial methodology, identifying influential variables such as polymer concentration, temperature, solvent (an aprotic and a protic solvent), and the organo-catalyst used [a thiourea derivative (TU) and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU)]. The highest molecular weights were achieved under near-bulk polymerization conditions using TU-protic and DBU-aprotic as catalyst-solvent combinations. ME-based PHU exhibited higher (M_w ) ̅ than MA-based PHU (34,100 Da and 16,400 Da, respectively). Applying the enhanced methodology to prepare ten multicomponent hydrogels using PVA or gelatin as the polymer scaffold revealed superior rheological properties in PVA-based hydrogels, exhibiting solid-like gel behavior. Incorporating ME enhanced mechanical properties and elasticity (with loss tangent values of 0.09 and 0.14). SEM images unveiled distinct microstructures, including a sponge-like pattern in certain PVA-based hydrogels when MA was chosen, indicating the formation of highly superporous interpenetrated materials. In summary, this innovative approach presents a versatile methodology for obtaining advanced hydrogel-based systems with potential applications in various biomedical fields.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0504.v1

Chaos and Pattern Formation in Spatial Phytoplankton Dynamics

Randhir Singh Baghel

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: Reaction-diffusion equation; phytoplankton dynamics; Spatiotemporal pattern formation; Chaos; Local Stability

Online: 31 May 2020 (20:31:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0038.v1

Exploring The Magnetic Field Configuration Close To The Central Engines Using GMVA

Bindu Rani, Thomas Krichbaum, J. Hodgson, Shoko Koyama, Anton J. Zensus, Alan Marscher, Svetlana Jorstad, Lars Fuhramnn

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: active galaxies; BL Lacertae object: BL Lac; jets; GMVA: high-resolution VLBI; magnetic field; polarization

Online: 15 July 2016 (10:06:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1612.v1

Host Requirements for Formation and Dynamics of Rotavirus Viroplasms

Janine Vetter, Melissa Lee, Catherine Eichwald

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: rotavirus; viroplasm; cytoskeleton; microtubule; actin; molecular motors; lipid droplets; NSP5; NSP2; VP2; VP4

Online: 27 March 2024 (06:12:36 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0450.v1

Varnish Formation and Removal in Lubrication Systems: A review

Sung-Ho Hong, Eun Kyung Jang

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: varnish; lubricant; contamination; degradation; oxidation

Online: 8 May 2023 (05:04:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0544.v1

Acrylamide Formation Potential of Organically and Conventionally Grown Cereals

Falko Stockmann, Ernst Albrecht Weber, Benjamin Mast, Pat Schreiter, Nikolaus Merkt, Wilhelm Claupein, Simone Graeff-Hönninger

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Acrylamide, Free Asparagine, Cropping Systems, Organic, Conventional, Agriculture, Cereals, Species, Cultivars

Online: 23 October 2018 (16:19:26 CEST)

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As bakery products contribute considerably to the daily intake of the carcinogen acting substance acrylamide (AA), the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the cropping system (conventional vs. organic farming) on AA precursor levels of free asparagine (Asn) across different cultivars of the cereal species, namely winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), winter spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) and winter rye (Secale cereale) with simultaneous consideration of gained grain yields and flour qualities. For this purpose, orthogonal field trials were established at two sites in Southwest Germany over two growing seasons (2006-2007 and 2007-2008). The results indicated a significant impact of the cropping system on free Asn contents. Across all species, free Asn contents in the flour were 26 % lower under organic compared to conventional farming. The impact of the cropping system on individual cultivars was obvious with a maximum reduction in free Asn contents of 50 % (e.g. for cultivars Ludwig, Privileg, Capo) if organically produced. For spelt, a significant impact of the cropping system was only found in 2008 with a reduction in free Asn of up to 25 % if organically produced. Across both cropping systems, cultivar Franckenkorn reached the lowest levels of free Asn. For rye, a significant impact of the cropping system was observed only in 2007 with 33 % higher Asn amounts in the conventional cropping system. Independent of the cropping system, rye reached the highest levels of free Asn followed by wheat and spelt. Across both cropping systems, species and cultivars, the amount of free Asn correlated with the AA content in heated flour with R2=0.63***. Furthermore, the results indicated that lower AA contents in bakery products can be achieved by proper selection of species (e.g. 66 % lower if rye is replaced by wheat) and cultivars. With an appropriate choice of the cultivar, a reduction of up to 65 % was possible within wheat, along with a reduction of 44 % within spelt and 12.5 % within rye. In summary, the results indicated that organically produced wheat especially offers the opportunity to significantly lower the AA potential of bread and bread rolls by the choice of raw materials low in free Asn.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1218.v1

Forecasting Lake Nokoué Water Levels Using Long Short-Term Memory Network

Namwinwelbere Dabire, Eugene C. Ezin, Adandedji M. Firmin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: forecasting; Machine learning algorithms; recurrent artificial neural network; lake Nokoue.

Online: 20 March 2024 (11:36:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0220.v1

Multicellular Group Formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Roberta Fisher, Birgitte Regenberg

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: yeast, multicellularity, adhesion, major evolutionary transition

Online: 18 December 2018 (11:15:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0161.v1

Oxidative Stress-Induced Misfolding and Inclusion Formation of Nrf2 and Keap1

Vy Ngo, Nadun C. Karunatilleke, Anne Brickenden, Wing-Yiu Choy, Martin L. Duennwald

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Nrf2; Keap1; oxidation; oxidative stress; protein misfolding

Online: 9 December 2021 (15:46:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0620.v1

Time Varying Cosmological Constant and Its Implications for Structure Formation

Louise Rebecca, C Sivaram, Arun Kenath

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Cosmological constant; dark energy; structure formation; early Universe

Online: 22 April 2021 (21:03:28 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Inducible Intracellular Membranes: Molecular Aspects and Emerging Applications

Jorge Royes Mir, Valérie Biou, Nathalie Dautin, Christophe Tribet, Bruno Miroux

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: membrane remodeling; membrane biosynthesis; membrane curvature; phospholipids; inner membrane; lipid biosynthesis

Online: 25 August 2020 (10:03:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0219.v1

Electrochemical Formation and Evaluation of Poly-9,10-Phenanthrenequinone of Layer

Arunas Ramanavicius, Povilas Genys, Elif Aksun, Aušra Valiūnienė, Almira Ramanaviciene

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: Electrochemical polymerization; Poly-9,10-phenanthrenequinone; Modified electrode; Conducting polymers; Redox polymers; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Online: 8 November 2018 (14:38:05 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2248.v1

Bacterial Biofilm Formation on Biomaterials and Approaches to Its Treatment and Prevention

Panxin Li, Rui Yin, Juanli Cheng, Jinshui Lin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Biofilm formation; Biomaterials; Antibiotic resistance mechanisms; Biofilm infection; Antibiofilm strategies

Online: 30 June 2023 (12:03:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0055.v1

Enthalpy and Free Energy of Formation of Diamido and Monoamido Phosphoric Acid

Neale R. Neelameggham

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Inorganic And Nuclear Chemistry Keywords: amidophosphoric acid; diamidophosphate; prebiotic phosphoryl compound; phosphonitrogen glass; enthalpy; Gibbs Free energy; biomimetic nitrogen fixation

Online: 7 February 2018 (05:12:33 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1962.v1

Piezo1 Activation Prevents Malignant Melanoma Spheroid Formation

Valeria Vasileva, Zuleikha Khairullina, Vladislav Chubinskiy-Nadezhdin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: piezo1 channel; melanoma; Yoda1; 3D spheroids

Online: 29 August 2023 (09:54:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0071.v1

Crater Formation under Extreme Space Weather Conditions

Jacob Gable, Eugene Bagashov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Carrington event; craters; cratering; currents in plasma; electric discharge machining; geology; heliophysics; impact craters; Late Heavy Bombardment; piezoelectricity; transient crater; solar activity; Solar System

Online: 4 January 2023 (07:19:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0218.v1

Laves Phase Formation in High Entropy Alloys

Roman Ryltsev, Svetlana Estemirova, Evgenii Sterkhov, Lubov Cherepanova, Denis Yagodin, Nikolay Chtchelkatchev, Nikolay Dubinin, Sergey Uporov

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: high-entropy alloy; Laves phase; microstructure; electrical conductivity; magnetization; density of states; ab initio calculations

Online: 12 November 2021 (11:59:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0446.v1

Accumulation model and lithologic reservoir formation in continental fault basin A case study of the Lithologic Reservoir of Nantun Formation in Tanan Sag, Mongolia

ShaoJun Liu, Shengxian Zhao, Xuefeng Yang, Jian Zhang, Meixuan Yin, Qian Meng, Bo Li, Ziqiang Xia

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Mongolia; Tanan sag; Fault basin; Lithologic reservoir; Fracturing; Hydrocarbon accumulation mode; Distribution of the oil reservoir

Online: 8 May 2023 (04:49:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0229.v1

The Scale Invariant Vacuum Paradigm: Main Results and Current Progress

Vesselin Gueorguiev, Andre Maeder

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmology: theory - dark matter - dark energy - inflation; galaxies: formation - rotation; Weyl Integrable Geometry; Dirac co-calculus

Online: 18 February 2022 (09:22:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0926.v1

Suppressive Effects of L-quebrachitol on Osteoclast Formation and Activity through the Inhibition of the RANK Signalling Pathway

Purithat Rattajak, Aratee Aroonkesorn, Carl Smythe, Rapepun Wititsuwannakul, Thanawat Pitakpornpreecha

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: L-Quebrachitol; osteoporosis; osteoclast; RANK; NF-κ B; NFATc1

Online: 19 February 2024 (10:11:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2050.v1

T. vaginalis: Monolayer and cluster formation - ultrastructural aspects using HR-SEM

Sharmila Ortiz, Raphael Verdan, Fabio da Silva de Azevedo Fortes, Marlene Benchimol

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Parasitology Keywords: anaerobic parasites; pathogenicity; cell communication; cadherins; high-resolution SEM; Trichomonas adhesion.

Online: 3 October 2023 (03:48:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0268.v1

Genetic Regulation of Central Synapse Formation and Organization in Drosophila melanogaster

Juan Carlos Duhart, Timothy J. Mosca

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: synapse; central nervous system; drosophila; synaptogenesis; genetics; development; active zones

Online: 18 March 2022 (11:54:51 CET)

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A key goal of modern neuroscience involves understanding how connections in the brain form and function. Such a knowledge is essential to better inform how defects in the exquisitely complex steps of nervous system growth underlie neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. In the last 40 years, studies of the nervous system in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster enabled the discovery of a wealth of molecular and genetic mechanisms that drive the development of these synaptic connections – specialized cell-to-cell connections that are the essential substrate for information flow and processing in the nervous system. The major driver of knowledge focused on studies at the neuromuscular junction due to its ease of examination. Analogous studies in the central nervous system lagged behind due to a lack of genetic accessibility of specific central neuron classes, appropriate synaptic labels compatible with cell-type specific access, and high resolution, quantitative imaging strategies. However, understanding how synapses in central circuits form remains a prerequisite to understanding brain development. In the last decade, a host of new tools and techniques made possible the extension of genetic studies of synapse organization into central circuits and greatly enhanced our understanding of central synapse formation, organization, and maturation. In this review, we consider the current state-of-the-field, focusing on two major elements. We first discuss the tools, technologies, and strategies developed to visualize and quantify synapses in vivo in genetically identifiable neurons of the Drosophila CNS. Second, we explore in depth how these tools enabled a clearer understanding of synaptic development and organization in different circuits of the fly brain and discovered novel molecular mechanisms that underlie synapse formation. These studies establish multiple brain regions in the fly as powerful in vivo genetic models that offer novel insights into synaptogenic regulators and mechanisms of neural development.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0579.v1

Formation of Sawtooth Wavesfor Cylindrical and Sphericalkortweg-de Vries-Burgers Equations

Alexey Samokhin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation; cylindrical and spherical waves; saw-tooth solutions; periodic boundary conditions; head shock wave

Online: 23 December 2020 (09:44:50 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1815.v1

The Scale Invariant Vacuum Paradigm: Main Results and Current Progress Review (Part II)

Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, Andre Maeder

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmology: theory; dark matter; dark energy; inflation; galaxies: formation; rotation; weyl integrable geometry; dirac co-calculus

Online: 30 November 2023 (02:00:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1444.v1

Opinion Dynamics Explain Price Formation in Prediction Markets

Valerio Restocchi, Frank McGroarty, Enrico Gerding, Markus Brede

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Finance Keywords: opinion dynamics; econophysics; prediction markets; complex networks; agent-based modelling

Online: 21 July 2023 (08:12:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0324.v1

Complex Network Formation as Antagonistic Game: Numerical Modeling

Pavel Bocharov, Alexander Goryashko

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: Graph complexity; antagonistic game theory; partition networks; neural networks; numeric modellng; Nash equilibrium; Neumann equilibrium

Online: 21 July 2022 (10:51:03 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0097.v1

Formation of Benign Tumours by Stem Cell Misregulation

Matthieu Valet, Patrick Narbonne

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Stem cells; proliferation; tumour; benign tumour; cancer

Online: 10 January 2022 (11:05:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0031.v1

Investigating Primary Cilia during Peripheral Nervous System Formation

Elkhan Yusifov, Alexandre Dumoulin, Esther T. Stoeckli

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: primary cilium; ciliogenesis; neural circuits formation; neural crest cells; DRG; boundary cap cells; sympathetic ganglia; PNS

Online: 1 February 2021 (13:26:06 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0492.v1

A rationale for mesoscopic domain formation in biomembranes

Nicolas Destainville, Manoel Manghi, Julie Cornet

Subject: Physical Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: membranes; vesicles; lipids; proteins; mesophase separation; domains; lipid rafts; clusters

Online: 25 July 2018 (15:50:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0083.v1

Hedgehog on the Move: Glypican-Regulated Transport and Gradient Formation in Drosophila

Carlos Jiménez-Jiménez, Kay Grobe, Isabel Guerrero

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: glypicans; heparan sulfate proteoglycans; Dally; Dally-Like; Hedgehog.

Online: 1 February 2024 (15:28:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1055.v1

Method and Algorithm of Spatial-Temporal Graph Formation for Dynamic Transportation System

Aleksandr Rakhmangulov, Pavel Mishkurov

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: spatial-temporal graph; rail yard; dynamic transportation system; shunting operations; shunting route; double vertex graph; simulation; rail yard

Online: 14 December 2023 (05:58:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0206.v1

Chain Formation during Hydrogen Loss and Reconstruction in Non-Planar Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons

Yuri Tanuma, Paul Dunk, Toru Maekawa, Chris Ewels

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Physical Chemistry Keywords: Nanobelts; PAH; polyaromatics; cyclic polymers; hydrogen loss; fullerenes; carbon chains

Online: 16 May 2022 (10:57:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0065.v1

Disassembly and Mislocalization of AQP4 in Incipient Scar Formation After Experimental Stroke

Shervin Banitalebi, Nadia Skauli, Samuel Geiseler, Ole Petter Ottersen, Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Aquaporin-4; AQP4ex; Stroke; Ischemia; Astrocyte; Astrogliosis; Glial scar; Neuroinflammation

Online: 6 January 2022 (10:16:02 CET)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Recent Progress Regarding the Molecular Aspects of Insect Gall Formation

Seiji Takeda, Tomoko Hirano, Ohishima Issei, Masa H. Sato

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: adaptive significance; evolution of gall insects; gall-inducing insects; gall formation mechanism; insect effectors

Online: 24 August 2021 (13:04:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0053.v1

Granular Biofilms: Formation, Function, Application, and New Trends as Model Microbial Communities

Anna Christine Trego, Simon Mills, Gavin Collins

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Anammox; biofilms; granulation; methanogens; microbial ecology; sludge granules; wastewater

Online: 7 June 2019 (03:48:36 CEST)

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As the global demand for water increases, so does the quantity of wastewater requiring treatment. Due to a relatively low carbon footprint, compared with conventional wastewater treatment technologies, anaerobic digestion (AD) was identified in the 1970s as a forerunner in the push for sustainability, when interest in sustainable technologies and renewable energy sources was first sparked. AD technology development ultimately resulted in the discovery of the ‘anaerobic granule’. It is a spontaneously-forming bio-aggregate of microbial cells capable of digesting pollutants and producing methane-rich biogas as a renewable source of bioenergy. The high settling velocity of such granules meant that AD systems could be operated as high-rate treatment processes, because the active, relatively-slow-growing, pollutant-removing biomass would be retained inside, and not washed out of, even bioreactors operated at extremely high volumetric loading rates. In the intervening years the emergence of the anaerobic ammonium oxidising (anammox) granule, aerobic granule, hydrogenic granule, oxygenic photogranule, and many other functionally-specialised granules, has opened new opportunities in wastewater treatment biotechnology. Whilst environmental engineering based around wastewater treatment is still a growing field of research and implementation, the granule (in all forms) is starting to catch the attention of microbial ecologists. It is a self-immobilised biofilm, with many of the properties of ‘conventional’ biofilms formed in Nature. However, as a single entity, a granule represents an entire community of microorganisms, competing or functioning cooperatively or in syntrophy. Together, inside a bioreactor, granules perform side-by-side arguably representing a meta-organism. Granules are gaining traction as the perfect samples for high-throughput studies on fundamental ecological concepts. Granular biofilms can be used to test hypotheses around drivers of diversity, community assembly, biofilm formation and maturation, community expansion and succession, community stress response, among others. This review outlines the history of three of the most influential types of granules: the anaerobic (methanogenic), aerobic and anammox granule. The main biochemical processes found in each type; their primary characteristics; and the typical makeup of the microbial community underpinning the processes are compared. Finally, the adoption of granules as the perfect ‘playground’ for experiments in microbial ecology is reviewed.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0115.v1

Towards a More Well-Founded Cosmology

Hartmut Traunmüller

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: foundations of science; cosmology: observations; cosmology: theory; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; inertia; MoND

Online: 16 March 2017 (09:31:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0308.v1

Ɛ34 Phage Tailspike Protein is Resistant to Trypsin and Inhibits and Salmonella Biofilm Formation

Joseph A. Ayariga, Logan Gildea, Robert Villafane

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Salmonella newington; ɛ34 phage; Lipopolysaccharides; Antibacterial

Online: 21 October 2021 (12:47:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0259.v1

Investigation of Propane and n- butane Hydrate Formation Condition and Determination of Equilibrium Pressure

Somayeh Salehfekr, Sajjad Porgar, Nejat Rahmanian

Subject: Physical Sciences, Chemical Physics Keywords: hydrate; propane; normal butane; equilibrium pressure

Online: 19 December 2019 (13:10:12 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1137.v1

Nucleobase-Containing Molecules and Their Self-Assembly Properties for Gel Formation: A Review

Pasqualina Liana Scognamiglio, Caterina Vicidomini, Giovann. N. Roviello

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: nucleobase; nucleopeptide; DNA; G-quadruplex; self-assembly; gel; hydrogel; triple helix RNA; G-quartet

Online: 15 December 2023 (04:55:46 CET)

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Nucleobase-containing molecules are compounds essential in biology due to the fundamental role of nucleic acids, and in particular G-quadruplex DNA and RNA in life. Moreover, some molecules different from nucleic acids isolated from different vegetal sources or microorganisms show nucleobase moieties in their structure. Nucleoamino acids and peptidyl nucleosides belong to this molecular class. Closely related to the above, nucleopeptides also known as nucleobase-bearing peptides are chimeric derivatives of synthetic origin and more rarely isolated from plants. Herein the self-assembly properties of a vast number of structures, belonging to the nucleic acid and nucleo amino acid/nucleopeptide family, is explored in the light of the recent scientific literature. Moreover, several technologically relevant properties such as the hydrogelation ability of some of the nucleobase-containing derivatives are reviewed in order to open the door to future experimental investigations of newly-inspired nucleobase-driven hydrogels. Nucleobase-containing molecules, such as mononucleosides, DNA, RNA, quadruplex (G4)-forming oligonucleotides and nucleopeptides, are paramount in gel and hydrogel formation owing to their distinctive molecular attributes and ability to self-assemble in biomolecular nanosystems with the most diverse applications in different fields of biomedicine and nanotechnology. In fact, these molecules and their gels present numerous advantages, underscoring their significance and applicability in both material science and biomedicine. Their versatility, capability for molecular recognition, responsiveness to stimuli, biocompatibility, and biodegradability collectively contribute to their prominence in modern nanotechnology and biomedicine. In this review, we emphasize the critical role of nucleobase-containing molecules of different nature in pioneering novel materials with multifaceted applications highlighting their potential in therapy, diagnostics, and new nanomaterials fabrication as required in order to address the numerous current biomedical and nanotechnological challenges.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0278.v1

Inhibiting biofilm formation via simultaneous application of nitric oxide and quorum quenching bacteria

Youkyoung Kim, Parthiban Anburajan, Hyeok Kim, Hyun-Suk Oh

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: Nitric oxide, Bacterial signaling, Quorum quenching, Biofilm, Biofouling

Online: 6 October 2023 (11:17:30 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0472.v1

Size-controlled ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized with Thioacetamide and Formation of ZnS Quantum dots

Ju-Seong Kim, Jonghyun Choi, Won Kook Choi

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electronic, Optical And Magnetic Materials Keywords: size-controlled ZnO nanoparticles; the formation of ZnS nanoparticles; quantum dots; sol-gel; hydrothermal; ethanolic thioactamide; crystal growth; chemical conversion

Online: 7 September 2023 (08:46:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0469.v1

Developmental Formation of the GABAergic and Glycinergic Networks in the Mouse Spinal Cord

Chigusa Shimizu-Okabe, Shiori Kobayashi, Jeongtae Kim, Yoshinori Kosaka, Masanobu Sunagawa, Akihito Okabe, Chitoshi Takayama

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: astrocyte; gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA); GABA transporter (GAT); GABAA receptor; glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD); glycine; glycine receptor; glycine transporter (GlyT); K+-Cl- co-transporter 2 (KCC2); vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT)

Online: 29 December 2021 (14:27:41 CET)

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