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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1714.v1

Technology of Controlled Film Flow Granulation of Materials

Ivan Kazachkov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: film flow; controlled disintegration; drops and granules; high cooling rate; amorphous; three new phenomena; wide range of granules

Online: 28 March 2024 (09:34:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1749.v1

Electrochemical Characterization of Electrodeposited Copper Catalyst for CCU

Corentin Penot, Kranthi Kumar Maniam, Shiladitya Paul

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: Electrodeposition; Copper; Electrochemical CO2 reduction; Corrosion; Amine CO2 capture; Carbon capture and utilization

Online: 28 March 2024 (09:24:54 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1723.v1

The Need for Indigenous Games to Combat Noncommunicable Diseases in South Africa: A Narrative Review

Nduduzo Msizi Shandu, Brandon Stuwart Shaw, Musa Lewis Mathunjwa, Ina Shaw

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: Rural settings; Non-communicable diseases; Exercise intervention; Cardiovascular conditions; Physical health and wellbeing

Online: 28 March 2024 (08:52:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0509.v3

FASD: The Living Experience of People with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder – Results of an Anonymous Survey

Emily Hargrove, C.J. Lutke, Katarina Griffin, Myles Himmelreich, Justin Mitchell, Anique Lutke, Peter Choate

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder; FASD; FASD Living experiences; Anonymous survey; Stigma and FASD; Self-stigma and FASD

Online: 28 March 2024 (08:43:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1739.v1

Community Group Purchasing of Next-Day Delivery: Bridging the Last Mile Delivery for Urban Residents during COVID-19 in China

Yingying Wang, Feng Xu, Gang Li

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: Community group purchasing collection and delivery points; Location selection; Mixed geographically weighted regression; Influence mechanism; Nansha District

Online: 28 March 2024 (07:10:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1726.v1

Jordan-Type Inequalities and Stratification

Miloš Mićović, Branko Malešević

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: Jordan’ s inequality; stratified families of functions; a minimax approximant; upper and lower bounds of the sinc function; approximations of the sinc function

Online: 28 March 2024 (05:03:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1674.v1

Tailoring Alginate-Gelatin Hydrogels to Precisely Modulate Osteogenesis in Dental Pulp Stem Cells While Preserving Other Cellular Behaviors

Zied Ferjaoui, Roberto López-Muñoz, Soheil Akbari, Fatiha Chandad, Mantovani Diego, Mahmoud Rouabhia, Roberto Fanganiello

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: alginate; gelatine; hydrogel; stiffness; DPSCs and Osteogenic differentiation

Online: 27 March 2024 (14:20:11 CET)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0560.v9

Finding an Unique and “Natural” Extension of the Expected Value That Takes a Finite Value for All Functions in Prevalent Subset of the Set of All Functions

Bharath Krishnan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: expected value; hausdorff measure; (Exact) dimension function; function space; prevalent and shy sets; entropy; choice function

Online: 13 December 2023 (10:12:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1652.v1

Unravelling the Function of the Sesquiterpene Cyclase STC3 in the Life Cycle of Botrytis cinerea

Víctor Coca-Ruiz, Ivonne Suárez, Josefina Aleu, Jesús M. Cantoral, Celedonio González, Carlos Garrido, Nélida Brito, and Isidro G. Collado

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Botrytis cinerea; sesquiterpene cyclase; secondary metabolism; metabolites and sesquiterpenes

Online: 27 March 2024 (08:20:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1638.v1

Short-chain Fatty Acids and Human Health: from Metabolic Pathways to Current Therapeutic Implication

Sonia Facchin, Luisa Bertin, Erica Bonazzi, Greta Lorenzon, Caterina De Barba, Brigida Barberio, Fabiana Zingone, Daria Maniero, Marco Scarpa, Cesare Ruffolo, Imerio Angriman, Edoardo V. Savarino

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: intestinal microbiota; short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs); dietary fiber fermentation; gastrointestinal and metabolic health; therapeutic implication

Online: 27 March 2024 (06:39:18 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1640.v1

Green Legacy: Plant Introduction and Dendrological Collections in Yerevan Botanical Gardens: From the Past to the Future

Zhirayr Vardanyan, Alla Aleksanyan, Arsen Gasparyan, Manik Grigoryan, Gayane Gatrchyan, Nelli Muradyan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Botanical garden; plant introduction; dendrological collection; trees and shrubs; adaptation

Online: 27 March 2024 (06:38:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1601.v1

A New Look at Physico-Chemical Causes of Changing Climate: Is Strong Acid Production Lowering the Surface pH Value a Main Cause for Increasing pCO2 in the Earth’s Atmosphere?

Ivan Robert Kennedy, Angus Neill Crossan, John Runcie, Raymond James Ritchie

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: CO2 emissions; climate change; soil pH; alkalinity of plant produce; export from rural to urban environments; bicarbonate and carbonate; limestone as soil ameliorant; Keeling curve

Online: 26 March 2024 (12:30:46 CET)

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A testable hypothesis with quantitative predictions is put forward, proposing that strong acids produced on land are a major cause of increasing atmospheric pCO2. Our modelling analysis of reactions by dissolved inorganic carbon shows that increasing atmospheric CO2 could be caused thermodynamically by falling land surface pH values. This hypothesis challenges the imbalance assumed between the global uptake of CO2 by photosynthesis and emissions of CO2 from all sources, including the combustion of fossil fuels. Strong acids generated by oxygen from reduced nitrogen and sulphur emits CO2 almost stoichiometrically from dissolved bicarbonate in the pH range of most global soils from pH 6.5 to above 8. Each general decrease of aqueous pH value of 0.01 units from acidification of surface water potentially increases the pCO2 in the atmosphere by about 7 ppmv. Contrary to prevailing assumptions that CO2 emissions from combusting fossil fuels can remain in the atmosphere for more than a millennium, such emissions may be partly nullified by global greening from enhanced rates of photosynthesis as well as oceanic absorption. The surface pH value of the ocean has been shown to decrease as atmospheric pCO2 rises. Therefore, our qualitative estimates of increasing atmospheric CO2 driven by irreversible acidification on land are critical and need broad scale validation. To the extent that significant acidification of the land is occurring, through export of alkaline produce, the use of artificial nitrogen fertilisation and possible other causes, the prevailing methods of reducing CO2 emissions will fail. However, these acidifying processes on land have not been considered by previous biogeochemical reviews. Despite counter measures, including carbon capture and geological storage, the increasing Keeling curve for pCO2 may continue to rise because zero carbon policies do not address such a major cause. This hypothesis can be tested by in situ experiments in neutral soils and water, designed to compare CO2 emissions under the acidifying conditions described in this article with those when corrective counter measures are applied.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1588.v1

A Systematic Review of the Application of GOCI to Water Quality Monitoring of Inland and Coastal Waters

Shidi Shao, Yu Wang, Ge Liu, Kaishan Song

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: GOCI; inland and coastal waters; atmospheric correction; algal blooms; water quality parameters

Online: 26 March 2024 (11:35:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1561.v1

Synthesis, In silico studies, and biological evaluation of newer N, N'-Phthaloyl GABA Aldehyde/ Aniline analogs as Anti-Epileptic

RAJAN KUMAR KURMI, Snigdha Srivastava, Reema Sinha Shina

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Docking, GABA-AT, QSAR, Epilepsy, Molecular Dynamics, synthesis and in vivo

Online: 26 March 2024 (11:27:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1580.v1

Knowledge Workers in the Italian Regions

Angelo Leogrande

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Innovation; Innovation and Invention; Management of Technological Innovation and R&; D; Technological Change; Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital

Online: 26 March 2024 (11:24:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1553.v1

Environmental Accounting Disclosures and Financial Performance of Listed Oil and Gas Companies in Nigeria: An Application of Driscoll-Kraay Standard Errors Approach

Adegboyega R. Afolabi, Olayemi Oluwadamilola Amosun, Solomon Oluwaseun Okunade, MaryAnn Njong Agbor

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Finance Keywords: environmental accounting; financial performance; oil and gas companies; Nigeria; Driscoll-Kraay standard errors

Online: 26 March 2024 (10:48:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1502.v1

Optimization of Process Parameters for Stir Casting of Tib2 Reinforced In-Situ Composites

Xavier Vivek Paul P, Xavier Sethu E, S. PERIYASAMY

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Metal Matrix Composite; Stir Casting Technique; Optimization; Box-Behnken Design and Process Parameters.

Online: 26 March 2024 (08:25:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1536.v1

Testing Activities for Technological and Normative Validation of Bio-Based Components in Facade System Modules

Laura Vandi, Arsenio Navarro Muedra, Julen Astudillo Larraz, Susana Lopez De Aretxaga Escudero, And Alessandro Pracucci

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: bio-based building products; building envelope; curtain wall façade; prefabrication; sustainable construction; façade system validation; testing activities; performance and acoustic test

Online: 26 March 2024 (08:16:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1521.v1

Environmental, Personal Factors and Entrepreneurial Intentions of University Students from the Perspective of the Theory of Planned Behavior: Contributions to a Sustainable Vision of Entrepreneurship in the Business Area

Vilma Geni Slomski, Antonio Vicente Tavares de Souza Junior, Carlos Eduardo Facin Lavarda, Itzhak David Simão Kaveski, Valmor Slomski, Ronaldo Frois de Carvalho, Ana Lucia Fontes de Souza Vasconcelos

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: entrepreneurial intention; sustainable entrepreneurship; Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB); contextual and personal factors; university students; business area; environmental management skills

Online: 26 March 2024 (07:27:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1461.v1

On δP-approximation Spaces

Faik Mayah, Huda Mohsin

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: Rough sets; Upper and lower approximations; P-open sets; δ P-open sets

Online: 25 March 2024 (11:15:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1469.v1

Emission Factors of Non-exhaust Pollutants Emitted by Light Road Vehicles in Real Driving. A New Challenge for Clean Road Transport for Improving Urban Air Quality

Salah Khardi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: air pollution; emission factors; road transport; non-exhaust emissions; tyres and road dust; particle measurements; health.

Online: 25 March 2024 (11:10:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1451.v1

Pythium banihashemianum sp. nov. and Globisporangium izadpanahii sp. nov. Two New Oomycete Species from Rice Paddies in Iran

Fatemeh Salmaninezhad, Reza Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa, Santa Olga Cacciola

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Pythium; Oryza sativa; Multigene phylogenetic analysis; Taxonomy; Pathogenicity; Root and crown rot

Online: 25 March 2024 (08:53:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1454.v1

Assessing the Degree of Social Responsibility Integration in Socially Responsible Public Procurement in Korea

Manki Kim, Sona Shin

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Other Keywords: sustainable public procurement(SPP); Environment Social and Governance(ESG); south Korea; KONEPS platform

Online: 25 March 2024 (08:41:02 CET)

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This study delves into the critical domain of public procurement, specifically focusing on Sustainable Public Procurement (SPP) and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) considerations within the context of South Korea. The aim of this research is to empirically scrutinize the factors influencing the impact index of SPP, with a particular emphasis on services related to labor standards. The investigation spans three years, from January 1, 2019, to July 31, 2021, encompassing state agency orders and post-implementation legal changes. Leveraging the comprehensive Korea On-line E-Procurement Sys-tem(KONEPS) platform, we meticulously collected data, ultimately culminating in 21,573 services meeting our criteria, from which 250 cases underwent an in-depth analysis. The study sheds light on the influence of social responsibility evaluation cri-teria on overall procurement scores, while also uncovering the moderating effects of various factors. The outcomes of this study offer valuable insights into the impact index of social responsibility evaluation criteria within South Korea's public procurement landscape. Factors including procurement year, classification, service period, and estimated price were identified as significant influencers. Moreover, the number and location of evalu-ation criteria items, inclusion of sincerity elements, and the evaluating agency were deemed pivotal determinants of the influence index. These findings hold profound implications for policymakers, procurement practitioners, and researchers and provide a roadmap for optimizing the utilization of social responsibility evaluation criteria to advance responsible and sustainable procurement practices. Future research avenues include conducting further study of additional moderat-ing variables, expanding datasets to encompass a broader spectrum of procurement contexts, and evaluating the long-term repercussions of social responsibility evaluation on procurement outcomes. These endeavors promise to further refine and advance public procurement practices in South Korea and beyond.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1446.v1

Hardware in the Loop Simulation of Gas Turbines: How Real Time Control System Design Tools Can Be Exploited Also to Generate Fault Cases to Train and Tune Data Based Diagnostic Systems.

Attilio Brighenti, Chiara Brighenti

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: HIL model(s); Dynamic simulation(s); Data-based modelling; Predictive diagnostics; Fault detection and isolation (FDI)

Online: 25 March 2024 (08:30:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1377.v1

Sustainable Development Goals for Education and Research in the Ranking of Green Universities of Mahasarakham University

Woraluck Sribanasarn, Rapeepat Techarungruengsakul, Mathinee Khotdee, Sattawat Thuangchon, Ratsuda Ngamsert, Anujit Phumiphan, Ounla Sivanpheng, Anongrit Kangrang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Green University; Sustainability; Education and Research; Mahasarakham University; UI Green Metric

Online: 25 March 2024 (07:35:41 CET)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1397.v1

Changing the Nomenclature of Duct Dependent Lesions from Duct Dependent Pulmonary and Systemic to Duct Dependent Oxygenation and Perfusion

Antoine AbdelMassih, Acsah George, Dima Mohammad, Fazeela Ansari, Soumya Prachith

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Nomenclature of duct dependent lesions; Duct-dependent perfusion and oxygenation

Online: 23 March 2024 (09:35:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1388.v1

Exploring End-of-Life Care for Patients with Breast Cancer, Dementia or Heart Failure: A Register-Based Study of Individual and Institutional Factors

Terje P. Hagen, Erika Zelko

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: End-of-life care; palliativ care; social and long-term care; Norway

Online: 22 March 2024 (16:53:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1386.v1

A Nonlinear ODE Model for a Consumeristic Society

Marino Badiale, Isabella Cravero

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: Human and nature dynamics; ODE systems for society dynamics; Ecological- Economic Modeling

Online: 22 March 2024 (14:44:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1363.v1

Exploring Walkability in Saudi Cites Using GIS Techniques to Enhance Urban Sustainability

Mohammed A Aloshan, Moustafa Gharieb, Khaled Mahmoud Heba, Ragab Khalil, Mohammed Humaid Alhumaid, Mohamed salah Ezz

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Architecture Keywords: Spatial Configuration; Pedestrian Movement; Accessibility; walkability; Urban Design and Planning; Onaizah City

Online: 22 March 2024 (14:34:07 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1536.v5

A New Paradigm in Cancer Treatment: Identifying and Targeting Clonal Mutations

Michael Renteln

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Multiregion sequencing; multisample sequencing; cell-free circulating tumor DNA; clonal mutations; Achilles Therapeutics; and OVERCOME

Online: 22 March 2024 (12:06:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1336.v1

Prospects and Obstacles Associated with Community Solar and Wind Farms in Jordan Suburban Areas

Ziad Hunaiti, Zayed Huneiti

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Community Solar and Wind Farms; Jordan; Suburban Areas

Online: 22 March 2024 (11:01:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1327.v1

Volatile Constituents of Some Myrtaceous Edible and Medicinal Fruits from the Brazilian Amazon

Adenilson S. Barroso, Lais T. Massing, Chieno Suemitsu, Rosa Helena V. Mourão, Pablo Luis B. Figueiredo, José Guilherme S. Maia

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: Edible Brazilian Amazon fruits; volatile concentrates; terpenes and fatty acid derivatives

Online: 22 March 2024 (10:00:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1348.v1

Driving Blockchain Adoption in Small and Medium Enterprise Sector: Introducing the Concept of “Transformation Conditions”

Helen Shun-mun WONG, Carmen Ka-man SUM, Hau-ling CHAN

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: blockchain; small and medium enterprises; transformation conditions

Online: 22 March 2024 (06:29:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1302.v1

Investigation on the Mechanical Characteristics of Excavation of Double-Line Highway Tunnel Underpass Existing Railway Tunnel under the Influence of Dynamic and Static Load

Yifan Li, Changfu Huang, Hongjian Lu, Chao Mou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: tunnel underpass; effects of static and dynamic load coupling; numerical simulation; Hoek-Brown guidelines

Online: 22 March 2024 (02:07:17 CET)

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The research on the excavation mechanical properties of underpass tunnels has already had certain results, but fewer of them consider the effects of dynamic and static loads on the excavation mechanical properties of underground tunnels at the same time, especially the lack of research cases of double-line highway tunnels with angled underpasses of existing railway tunnels. In this paper, based on the tunnel project of the new double-line Shiqian Highway Tunnel passing under the Hurong Railway at an oblique angle, the mechanical parameters of the rock body in the cross-tunneling area under the influence of static and dynamic load coupling are obtained by using the disturbance quantification coefficients and the Hoek-Brown criterion based on the method of over-advanced geological prediction and the investigation of the surrounding rock on the palisade face, and the engineering-scale finite element model is constructed and the mechanical characteristics of the excavation in the tunnel of the double-lane highway tunnel passing under the existing railroad under the influence of the static and dynamic loads are analyzed. The results show that: the new tunnel rock movement law for the top of the arch sinking, bottom plate bulging, side wall to move outward, the height and width of the arch and bottom plate arch with the tunnel excavation and increase, the side wall rock displacement effect is smaller; left and right lines of the tunnel disturbed area of the rule of change is similar; the existing tunnel bottom plate displacement is more than the top plate and the left and right side walls by the excavation of the time step influence is larger. Typical profile displacement is mainly determined by the distance from the excavation surface; the new tunnel in the four types of calculation conditions of the rock disturbance angle is the same; the existing tunnel roof and side wall Von Mises stress extreme occurs in the tunnel structure, the bottom plate there are pressure relief and pressure-bearing areas; based on the displacement control criteria, the recommended upper and lower step blasting method.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1287.v1

In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Mauritia flexuosa and Carapa guianensis Oils and Menta piperita and Eugenia caryophyllus Essential Oils Added to Ozone

Fernando Antonio Madeira Marinho, Ana Flávia Machado De Carvalho, Hebert Lima Batista, Edenilson Dos Santos Niculau, Bruno Leonardo Almeida Viana, Natália Ferreira Almeida

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Chemical analysis; Essential and fixed oils; Ozonation

Online: 21 March 2024 (14:02:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1212.v1

Improving Online Livestock Health Monitoring System using Machine Learning, AI, ANN, IoT and Sound_based Technologies: A Pilot Study

Mohsen Sotoudeh, Nahal Alavi, Ali Zarrineh

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Animal health; Smart collar; Livestock farming and AI; Modern animal husbandry; Livestock health technology

Online: 21 March 2024 (02:07:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1159.v1

Stress Wave Propagation in a Rayleigh–Love Rod with a Sudden Cross-Sectional Area Variation Impacted by a Striker Rod

Chung-Yue Wang, Nguyen Ngoc Thang, Helsin Wang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: nondestructive testing; impact echo; stress wave propagation; Rayleigh– Love rod; Poisson’ s effect; cross-sectional area variation; transmitted and reflected stress waves

Online: 20 March 2024 (12:25:47 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1155.v1

Hematological and Hemorheological Parameters of Blood Platelets as Biomarkers in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. A Comprehensive Review

Elissaveta Zvetkova, Ivan Ivanov, Eugeni Koytchev, Nadia Antonova, Yordanka Gluhcheva, Anika Alexandrova, Georgi Kostov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM-2); blood platelets (PLTs); PLT-hematological / hemorheological / hemostatic parameters (indices); PLT "activaion" / "hyperactivation", computational modeling of PLTs, macro- and microvascular deseas (complications) in DM2

Online: 20 March 2024 (12:21:42 CET)

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Diabetes mellitus – type 2 (DM2) is a hypercoaguable state with enhanced platelets (PLTs) activation and increased clotting factor production. Simultaneously, the fibrinolytic cell system is inhibited due to formation of clots with high resistance to fibrinolysis. The stages of PLTs "activation" have been well-characterized microscopically, morphometrically and nanomechanically (by light microscope, transmisiion electron microscope - TEM, scanning electron microscope - SEM and atomic force microscope - AFM). Thrombocytes in "acivated" (pro-coagulant) state play central role in two main biological processes: hemostasis and repair of vascular vessels. Pro-coagulant PLTs participate in generation of thrombin and in development of fibrin fibers in the clot matrix. Enhanced PLTs reactivity in dibetic- (diabetes mellitus - DM2) patients is considered as a "pro-thrombotic" state. In the retrospective- and prospective- studies on the topic, the higher are the PLTs' hematometrical indices: PLTs (count), MPV (mean platelet volume), PDW (platelet distribution width), PCR (plateletcrit), as well as PLTs/Ly ratio. The PLТs parameters/indices are usefull biomarkers in early diagnosis and prognosis of DM2. The precise studies of PLTs' state of activation during DM2 might be useful for creation of new diabetes (DM2) treatment strategies and effective medicines. Using the amount of blood glucose, attached to hemoglobin (HbA1c values) as markers of glycemic control in diabetic patients, researchers have observed association between MPV and medications as Insulin, Metformin, sulphonyl ureas. Computational modellng of PLTs' activation in DM2 is also a controlling factor for thrombocyte distribution and margination in bood vessels, associated with micro- and macrovascular disease in DM2. PLTs-derived miRNAs are novel molecular biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of DM2, insulin resistance and diabetes complications. We have proposed (2010) oleic acid (OA) as a substance suppressing "PLT hyperactivation" and inhibiting “thrombocyte aggregation”. Antiplatelet agents, natural plant products including, could be effective in the prevention and the secondary treatment of micro- and macrovascular complications in the type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Our proposal on following up of a combination of hematological-, hemorheological- and hemostatic parameters (indices) as a new way in diagnosis, treatment, predicting and management of DM2 and its related vascular complications, probably could be more explored in future studies.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1105.v1

Boehmeria Nivea Extract (BNE-RRC) Reverses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Inhibits Anchorage-Independent Growth in Tumor Cells

Shiow-Ling Chen, Suh-Woan Hu, Yuh-Yih Lin, Wen-Li Liao, Jaw-Ji Yang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Boehmeria Nivea Extract (BNE-RRC); Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT); ; Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition (MET); Anchorage-Independent Growth; Telomerase Activity, and Reversal of EMT

Online: 20 March 2024 (04:42:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1172.v1

Synergistic Effect of He for the Fabrication of Ne and Ar Gas-Charged Silicon Thin Films as Solid Targets for Spectroscopic Studies

Asunción Fernández, Vanda Godinho, José Avila, Maria Carmen Jiménez de Haro, Dirk Hufschmidt, Jennifer López-Viejobueno, Gabriel Eduardo Almanza-Vergara, Francisco Javier Ferrer, Julien L. Colaux, Stéphane Lucas, Maria C. Asensio

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: magnetron sputtering; gas-charged Si films; microstructural characterization; IBA analysis; XPS and XAS spectroscopic analyses; Ne, Ar and He solid targets

Online: 19 March 2024 (16:05:14 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0965.v1

A Comprehensive Review of Organ-on-a-Chip Technology and Its Applications in Disease Diagnostics

Negar Farhang Doost, Soumya K Srivastava

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: microsystem, single-organ systems, multi-organ systems, organs, sensors, and disease diagnostics

Online: 19 March 2024 (09:56:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1087.v1

Calcium Intake and Cardiovascular Disease in Korean Postmenopausal Women

Jae Kyung Lee, Thi Minh Chau Tran, Euna Choi, Jinkyung Baek, Hae-Rim Kim, Hee Yon Kim, Bo Hyon Yun, Seok Kyo Seo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Menopause; Cardiovascular diseases; Dietary calcium intake; Cross-sectional study; Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)

Online: 19 March 2024 (08:06:29 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1092.v1

Exploring the role of HPV: from Sexually transmitted infection to Oropharyngeal Cancers

Kritika Srinivasan Rajsri, Vaishnavi Rao, Sonaj Vardhman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Human papillomavirus; sexually transmitted infection; oropharyngeal carcinoma; oral cancer; head and neck cancers

Online: 19 March 2024 (08:05:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1043.v1

Neural Information Organizing and Processing – Neural Machines

Iosif Iulian Petrila

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: neural information; neural machines; neural networks; sensors and actuators; nervous systems; artificial intelligence

Online: 18 March 2024 (16:14:14 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1025.v1

The Role of Technology in Burn Disaster Response

Herbert L. Haller, Frank Sander, Colleen M. Ryan, Stian Kreken Almeland, Lars Peter Kamolz

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: Mass casualties; Search and Rescue; Internet of Things; Artificial Intelligence; drones; remote Sensors; telemedicine

Online: 18 March 2024 (10:42:45 CET)

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Technological advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and novel technological tools have transformed disaster management practices from localized approaches to a global framework. These innovations necessitate a unified understanding and application of diverse methodologies at an international level, ensuring they are accessible and operational across different sectors. This integration is crucial not only for technical personnel but also for medical teams, who play a pivotal role in disaster response and management. By fostering a comprehensive grasp of these methods, we can enhance coordination, efficiency, and effectiveness in addressing disasters on a global scale. The authors aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of emerging techniques that are driving shifts in strategic approaches and treatment technologies. Recognized as a domain of continuous research and development, this overview, by necessity, remains an incomplete snapshot of an evolving field. It highlights the dynamic nature of technological and strategic advancements, underscoring the importance of ongoing investigation and innovation to stay abreast of current trends and future directions. The article also highlights the importance of international collaboration beyond societal and national boundaries A single paragraph of about 200 words maximum. For research articles, abstracts should give a pertinent overview of the work. We strongly encourage authors to use the following style of structured abstracts, but without headings: (1) Background: Place the question addressed in a broad context and highlight the purpose of the study; (2) Methods: briefly describe the main methods or treatments applied; (3) Results: summarize the article’s main findings; (4) Conclusions: indicate the main conclusions or interpretations. The abstract should be an objective representation of the article and it must not contain results that are not presented and substantiated in the main text and should not exaggerate the main conclusions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0997.v1

Effect of the Temperature on the Polar and Lewis Acid-Base properties of the Adsorption of PMMA on Silica by Inverse Gas Chromatography

Tayssir Hamieh

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: London dispersion equation; recovery fraction; polar enthalpy and entropy; Lewis’s acid-base parameters, transition temperatures; intermolecular separation distance

Online: 18 March 2024 (10:04:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0968.v1

The Effect of Changing the Nano Size and Crystal Spacing on the Energy Gap and Other Optical and Electrical Properties of Ba_xFe_(1-x)TiO₄ Perovskite Cells and Their Theoretical Relations

Zoalnoon Ahmed Saad

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: Crystal Spacing; Energy Gap; Perovskite Cells; Nano Crystal Size; Optical and Electrical Properties

Online: 18 March 2024 (08:34:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0841.v1

Force in Cable of Pretensioner Tube – A Method of Car Accident Reconstruction

Adrian Soica

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: accident reconstruction; seat-belt; pbp and plp pretensioner; force-deformation polinomial regression; tube indentation

Online: 18 March 2024 (06:38:17 CET)

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The reconstruction of traffic accidents has grown as an interdisciplinary field since the first accident occurred. Various methods have been developed over time, starting with primary data collected at the scene of the accident. In this work, I proposed a method by which the value of the force in the safety belt buckle can be determined when it is equipped with a pretensioning system with pyrotechnic trigger in the tube, PBP or PLP type. The anti-return system of the pretensioner mechanism, which prevents the passenger's body from moving forward, contains a set of balls that block the movement of the piston in the pretensioner tube after its activation. When limiting the movement, the force the human body exerts on the safety belt webbing is transformed into the deformation of the pretensioner tube by the balls of the anti-return system. Depending on the magnitude of the force, the marks left by the balls differ. I propose a relationship of dependence between the acting force and the deformation of the tube. An experimental test bench was created to perform shock traction tests on the pre-tensioning system, under similar conditions to those of the human body acting on the belt in case of a frontal collision. Following the tests, the force value of the seat belt buckle cable and the diameter of the spherical indentations that the balls left in the pretensioner tube were measured. A mathematical model was proposed to determine the normal force with which a ball from the anti-return system deforms the tube. The normal force was also determined by two other methods specific to contact mechanics and used in the specialized literature. By comparing the normal forces obtained by the three methods, a good correlation between the proposed mathematical model and the Komvopoulos-Ye method resulted, the "Hardness" method not being suitable for this study. The determined polynomial regression curve allows finding out the force in the cable of the closer depending on the size of the deformations produced by the balls in the tube. The forces in the belt webbing can be thus determined and biomechanics specialists can evaluate the injuries to the chest and abdomen of the occupants of a vehicle.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0939.v1

Alternatives Cover Crops and Soil Managements Modified Macronutrients, Enzymes Activities and Soil Microbial Diversity in Rainfed Olive Orchards (cv.Chétoui) under Mediterranean Conditions in Tunisia

ELHADDAD Fadoua, Hechmi Chehab, Julio Antonio Calero González, Abdelhamid Sifiane, Garcia Roberto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: cover crops; Olive tree; legumes and grasses; dehydrogenase; carbon utilization sources.

Online: 15 March 2024 (15:44:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0918.v1

Raman Technology for Process Control: Waste Shells Demineralization to Produce Transparent Polymer Foils Reinforced with Natural Antioxidant, and Calcium Acetate By-Product

Simona Cinta Pinzaru, Iuliana-Cornelia Poplăcean, Karlo Maškarić, Danut-Alexandru Dumitru, Lucian Barbu-Tudoran, Tudor Liviu TĂMAȘ, Fran Nekvapil, Bogdan Neculai

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Raman technology; recovery and resource utilization technology; process control; biogenic carbonate waste; chitin; calcium acetate drug; carotenoids.

Online: 15 March 2024 (12:01:12 CET)

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Waste biogenic materials from seafood exploitation are valuable resources of new compounds exploitation within the blue bioeconomy concept. Here, we describe the effectiveness of Raman technology implementation as an in-line tool for demineralization process control of crustaceans or gastropods. We produced transparent chitin polymer foils from three waste crustacean shells (C. sapidus, S. mantis and M. squinado) using a slow, green chemical approach employing acetic acid, and showed the progressive process of biogenic carbonate dissolution and increasing the Raman characteristic signal of chitin, in a time dependence manner. It turned that chitin foils obtaining is species-specific, and the demineralization bath of waste shell mixture can be effectively tracked by Raman spectroscopy, for solvent control and the recovery of the calcium acetate as valuable by-product. Comparatively, calcium acetate drug, a compound widely used in kidney failure diseases, or as additive in nutraceuticals and food industry, has been obtained here, following a green demineralization path of the sea snail Rapana venosa intact shell, assisted by Raman tech-nology, using 9% acetic acid (vinegar) solution for 14 days. To validate the final products identity and quality, The process of waste shells demineralization and the final products of the treatment were investigated using various Raman techniques and technologies, cross-validating the results with FT-IR, XRD and SEM-EDX techniques. NIR Raman spectroscopy revealed chitin bands in a time-dependent manner, while Resonance Raman spectroscopy showed the preservation of ca-rotenoids after two weeks of acetic acid treatment. A hand-held flexible TacticID Raman system with a 1064 nm excitation demonstrated its effectiveness as a rapid, in-line decision making tool during process control and revealed excellent reproducibility of the lab-based instrument signal, suitable for in situ evaluation of the demineralization status and solvent saturation control. The calcium acetate recovered from residual treatment solutions was assessed regarding its hydration status, purity, and suitability as recrystallized material for further use as pharmaceutical product or ingredient in complex formulations.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0897.v1

Comprehensive Analysis of Leucine-rich Repeat Receptor-like Pro-teins Provides Insights into Their Roles in Biotic and Abiotic Stress Responses in Kiwifruit

Yingying Cao, Congxiao Zhang, Fang Liu, Dawei Li, Aidi Zhang, Li Li, Xiujun Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: kiwifruit; biotic and abiotic stresses; leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein; gene expression

Online: 15 March 2024 (07:30:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0868.v1

Sustainability Assessment of Machinery Safety in a Manufacturing Organisation – Supporting Machinery Safety Decision Making with AHP and CART Methods

Hana Pačaiová, Renata Turisová, Juraj Glatz, Daniela Onofrejová

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: machinery safety; multicriteria decision making; AHP; classification and regression trees; CART; safety sustainability; machinery safety decision making

Online: 14 March 2024 (15:49:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0869.v1

On Spontaneous Dispersion as a Cause of Microstratification of Metal Melts

Olga A. Chikova, Vladimir S. Tsepelev, Kseniya Yu. Shmakova

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: liquid alloys; microstratification; dispersed particles; spontaneous dispersion; criteria for true (entropic) spontaneous dispersion; mechanisms of quasi‐spontaneous dispersion; methods and results for assessing size of dispersed particles

Online: 14 March 2024 (15:28:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0858.v1

Experimental Study of White Light Interferometry in Mach-Zehnder Interferometers Based on Standard Single Mode Fiber

J. L. Cano-Perez, J. Gutierrez-Gutiérrez, C. Perezcampos-Mayoral, E. Perez-Campos, M. S. Pina-Canseco, L. Tepech-Carrillo, M. Vargas-Treviño, E. I. Guerra-Hernandez, A. Martinez-Helmes, J. M. Estudillo-Ayala, J. M. Sierra-Hernandez, R. Rojas-Laguna

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: White light interference, bi-tapers and core-offset Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

Online: 14 March 2024 (13:00:18 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0798.v1

Global Resources and Resource Justice – Lost in Frameworks and the Way Forward

Ioan NEGRUTIU

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Access and (re)allocarion; Data systems; Carrying capacity; Earth4All; Ecological civilization; One Health; Planetary Boundaries; Planetary Health; Quality of Life; Societal Boundaries; Socioecological agendas.

Online: 14 March 2024 (10:51:28 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0838.v1

Intentional and Undesirable Effects Related to the Interaction of Electromagnetic Fields with Major Living Tissues

Adel Razek

Subject: Physical Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: electromagnetic field; living tissues; thermal effects; blood and sap; bio-heat; mathematical models

Online: 14 March 2024 (10:10:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0746.v1

Rainfall Potential and Consequences on Structural Soil Degradation of the Most Important Agricultural Region of Mexico

Norzagaray Campos Mariano., Muñoz Sevilla P., Montiel Montoya J., LLanes Cardenas O., Ladron de Guevara Torres M., Serrano García L.A.

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: precipitation; soil degradation; climate variability; spectrum and soil management

Online: 13 March 2024 (17:02:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0795.v1

One-step Purification and Immobilization of Nucleoside Deoxyribosyltransferase for Continuous-flow Biosynthesis of 2'-deoxyadenosine.

Menglei Li, Tiantian Fan, Xuewen Hou, Chenghui Ding, Min Qiu, Yaoyao Lv, Rui Liang, Yu Xia, Kunxiao Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Nucleoside deoxyribosyltransferase; One-step purification and immobilization; continuous-flow biosynthesis; 2'-deoxyadenosine.

Online: 13 March 2024 (15:59:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0793.v1

A Novel Paradigm for Controlling Navigation and Walk in Biped Robotics

Giuseppe Menga

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Humanoid and Bipedal Locomotion; Legged Robots; Passive Walking; Foot Placement Estimation; Spherical Inverted Pendulum

Online: 13 March 2024 (15:53:26 CET)

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Classically the walk in biped robotics was obtained controlling balance during the whole step, i.e. guaranteeing that the pressure point under the soles always stayed in the polygon of the supporting feet. However, this assumed that the feet were able to transfer torque to the ground during the whole gait cycle. In spite of the fact that the amount of transferrable torque in the feet-ground contact is limited, it is possible only during some phases of the step, and the overall process is energetically inefficient. On the other side, starting from the passive motion of the rimless wheel falling on an inclined surface, and ending to the inverted pendulum with a compass, balance in the whole was proven in spite of dynamical instability inside each step. Along this line results of Foot Placement Estimation (FPE) in 2-D and 3-D showed how energy efficient walk was possible, emulating the human walk with a free fall on the swing foot and energy restitution at the foot collision with the ground for the next step. This model assumes pointy feet, so without torque transfer to the ground. In the realm of FPE, in previous papers the present author adopted the 3-D inverted pendulum in polar coordinates (Spherical Inverted Pendulum - SIP) to introduce omnidirectional walks with arbitrarily changing characteristics. No torque control was used during the step, i.e the pendulum was always in free fall at each step, the only control actions were at the beginning of the next step. These actions are: the change of angular velocities at the start of a new step, with respect to those given after the collision (emulating the torque action in the brief double stance period), to recover for the losses, and the preparation of the position in the frontal and sagittal planes of the swing foot for the next collision. The present paper improves this paradigm, proposing a general model to account for all characteristics of the biped and of the gait, with adding a minimum of dynamical complexity with respect to the SIP. This model allows, not only to walk omnidirectionally on a flat surface, but also to go up and down staircases.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0740.v1

Automated Non-Sterile Pharmacy Compounding: A Multi-Site Study in European Hospital and Community Pharmacies with Pediatric Immediate Release Propranolol Hydrochloride Tablets

Niklas Sandler, Farnaz Shokraneh, Mahsa Bahman, Julius Lahtinen, Niko Hassinen, Sari Airaksinen, Soumya Verma, Ludmila Hrizanovska, Jana Lass, Jyrki Heinämäki, Urve Paaver, Anssi Karlstedt, Janika Tähnas, Christoph Klaas, Catharina Kern, Adeline Bienfait, Frédéric Lagarce, Dominic Fenske, Katrin Muehlenfeld, Julia Malik, Holger Scherliess, Samuli Ojala, Sara P Cruz, Mattias Paulsson, Katja Kammonen, Maria Rautamo, Hendrik Lueck, Herwig Heindl, Laurent Carrez, Antoine Pierrot, Ralf Harnish, Stephanie Stareprawo, Marija Tubic-Grozdanii, Stefanie Zibolka, Uli Loesch, Martina Jeske, Ulrich Griesser, Karin Hummer, Andreas Thalmeier, Marianne Leitner, Susan Bischoff, Ralph Heimke-Brinck, Janine Paulus-Rohmer, Karim Khouckh, Fabien Bruno, Anna Harjans, Torsten Hoppe-Tichy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: automated compounding; hospital and community pharmcies; pharm inks; integrated quality control

Online: 13 March 2024 (12:02:20 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0117.v2

Brain Stars Take the Lead during Critical Periods of Early Postnatal Brain Development: Relevance of Astrocytes in Health and Mental Disorders

Eugenia Vivi, Barbara Di Benedetto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: astrocytes; critical period; synapse phagocytosis; sex differences; neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders

Online: 13 March 2024 (07:22:10 CET)

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In the brain, astrocytes regulate shape and functions of the synaptic and vascular compartments through a variety of released factors and membrane-bound proteins. An imbalanced astrocyte activity can therefore have drastic negative impacts on brain development, leading to the onset of severe pathologies. Clinical and pre-clinical studies show alterations in astrocyte cell number, morphology, molecular makeup and astrocyte-dependent processes in different affected brain regions in neurodevelopmental (ND) and neuropsychiatric (NP) disorders. Astrocytes proliferate, differentiate and mature during the critical period of early postnatal brain development, a time window of elevated glia-dependent regulation of a proper balance between synapse formation/elimination, which is pivotal in refining synaptic connectivity. Therefore, any intrinsic and/or extrinsic factors altering these processes during the critical period may result in an aberrant synaptic remodelling and onset of mental disorders. The peculiar bridging position of astrocytes between synaptic and vascular compartments further allows them to “compute” the brain state and consequently secrete factors in the bloodstream, which may serve as diagnostic biomarkers of distinct healthy or disease conditions.Here, we collect recent advancements regarding astrogenesis and astrocyte-mediated regulation of neuronal network remodelling during early postnatal critical periods of brain development, focusing on synapse elimination. We then propose alternative hypotheses for an involvement of aberrancies in these processes in the onset of ND and NP disorders. In light of the well-known differential prevalence of certain brain disorders between males and females, we also discuss putative sex-dependent influences on these neurodevelopmental events.From a translational perspective, understanding age- and sex-dependent astrocyte-specific molecular and functional changes may help to identify biomarkers of distinct cellular (dys)functions in health and disease, favouring the development of diagnostic tools or the selection of tailored treatment options for male/female patients.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0769.v1

Preferences of Adults for Synanthropic Flora in the Sustainable Development of Polish Cities’ Green Areas

Beata Fornal-Pieniak, Dagmara Stangierska-Mazurkiewicz, Filip Kamionowski, Katarzyna Widera, Barbara Żarska, Piotr Latocha

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: synanthropic plant species; spontaneous vegetation; residents’ opinions; green and sustainable design; settlement areas

Online: 13 March 2024 (07:17:38 CET)

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Synanthropic flora (weeds, spontaneously developed plants) are plants that accompany humans, appearing as a result of anthropopressure as well as after its cessation. The potential of synanthropic flora in shaping green areas usually brings many measurable benefits that depend on land management in cities. The study aimed to determine the preferences and attitudes of adults towards synanthropic flora in settlement units. The article presents survey results from 447 city residents. The obtained results were statistically analyzed using the k-means clustering method to identify segments of respondents with similar attitudes and preferences toward synanthropic flora. Mann-Whitney U tests were employed to determine statistical differences in the demographic variables among the analyzed clusters of respondents. Additionally, multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the opinions and attitudes towards synanthropic flora, that may influence their greater acceptance in the vicinity of residential areas. The results obtained in multiple regression allow for the statement that the respondent’s evaluation of the level of support for the introduction of more synanthropic vegetation into urban greenery (Yw) grows with the increase of acceptance of synanthropic plants occurrence in surroundings. Respondents’ opinions on the subject of the presence of synanthropic plants were studied using such variables concerning: synanthropic vegetation found in turfgrasses has a positive impact on the visual attractiveness of a site (X1), synanthropic plant communities present themselves better than others (X2), presence of synanthropic vegetation in an estate improves the quality of life in that location (X3), introduction of synanthropic flora into estate arrangements is a positive (X4), support for the use of synanthropic flora for educational purposes - as elements of playgrounds or in the form of environmental workshops (X5). Residents’ acceptance of synanthropic flora in green areas is at a relatively high level.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0761.v1

A Screen-Printed Voltammetric Sensor Modified with Electropolymerized Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (eMIP) to Determine Gallic Acid in Non-alcoholic and Alcoholic Beverages.

Giancarla Alberti, Camilla Zanoni, Lucrezia Virginia Dallù, Clementina Costa, Alessandra Cutaia

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: Gallic Acid; polyphenols; electrosynthesized Molecularly imprinted Polymer (eMIP); screen-printed electrodes; Electroanalysis; differential pulse voltammetry; voltammetric sensors; non-alcoholic and alcoholic beverages

Online: 13 March 2024 (07:10:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0727.v1

Oral Antiviral Defense: Saliva- and Beverage-Like Hypotonicity Dynamically Regulate Formation of Membraneless Biomolecular Condensates of Antiviral Human MxA in Oral Epithelial Cells

Pravin. B Sehgal, Huijuan Yuan, Anthony Centone, Susan V DiSenso-Browne

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: oral/gingival epithelium; environmental hypotonic stress; interferon-λ; human myxovirus re-sistance protein (MxA); biomolecular condensates; membraneless organelles (MLOs); osmoreg-ulation; macromolecular uncrowding and recrowding; regulated volume decrease (RVD)

Online: 12 March 2024 (15:23:39 CET)

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The oral mucosa represents a defense between the external environment and the rest of the body and encompasses several antimicrobial and antiviral mechanisms. Oral mucosal cells are constantly bathed in hypotonic saliva (normally one-third tonicity compared to plasma) and are repeatedly exposed to environmental stresses of tonicity, temperature and pH by the drinks we imbibe (e.g. hypotonic: water, tea, coffee; hypertonic: assorted fruit juices, red wines), as well as of diverse microbial and viral flora. In the mouth, the broad-spectrum antiviral mediator MxA (a dynamin-family large GTPase) is constitutively expressed in healthy periodontal tissues, and also induced by Type III interferons (e.g. IFN-λ1). Endogenously induced human MxA and exogenously expressed human GFP-MxA formed membraneless biomolecular condensates in the cytoplasm of oral carcinoma cells (OECM1 cell line). These condensates likely represent storage granules in equilibrium with antivirally active dispersed MxA. Remarkably, cytoplasmic MxA condensates were exquisitely sensitive sensors of hypotonicity – the condensates in oral epithelium disassembled within 1-2 min of exposure of cells to saliva-like one-third hypotonicity, and spontaneously reassembled in the next 4-7 min. OECM1 cells preloaded with calcein-AM (a reporter of cytosolic “macromolecular crowding”) confirmed unquenching and then requenching of calcein fluorescence during this process. Hypertonicity had little effect on MxA condensates. The spontaneous reassembly of GFP-MxA condensates in oral epithelial cells even under continuous saliva-like hypotonicity was slowed by the protein phosphatase inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA) and by the K-channel blocker tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) suggestive of the involvement of the volume-sensitive WNK kinase-protein phosphatase (PTP)-K-Cl cotransporter (KCC) pathway in the regulated volume decrease (RVD) during condensate reassembly in oral cells. Thus, physiologically, hypotonic drinks (water, tea, coffee) trigger a rapid deployment of antiviral MxA throughout the cytoplasm of oral epithelial cells, with subsequent salvage of MxA back into storage granules/condensates.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0712.v1

Research on the Effect of Carbon Dioxide Miscible Fracturing Huff and Puff in Enhancing Oil Recovery

Shijing Xu, Changquan Wang, Bin Gao, Tiezheng Wang

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: CO2 miscible fracturing; huff and puff; minimum miscible pressure; enhanced oil recovery; low-permeability reservoir

Online: 12 March 2024 (14:11:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0656.v1

Assessment of Sustainable Mobility Patterns of University Students and Staff: Case of a LMIC

Stephen Kome Fondzenyuy, Isaac Ndumbe Jackai II, Steffel Ludivin Feudjio Tezong, Davide Shingo Usami, Brayan Gonzalez-Hernandez, Jean François WOUNBA, George NKENG ELAMBO, Luca Persia

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: mobility; travel choices; active modes; public transport; low- and middle-income countries

Online: 11 March 2024 (17:56:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0632.v1

Fractional Order Model of Dynamical Behavior and Qualitative Analysis of Anthrax with infected Vector and Saturation

Adedapo Chris Loyinmi, Ijaola Alani Lateef

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Fractional model; FDE; incidence rate; Anthrax; stability; Sensitivity; Reproduction number; DFE; Boundedness; Posituvity; existence and uniqueness; saturation factor

Online: 11 March 2024 (13:27:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0286.v2

DECLAREd: A Polytime LTL_f Fragment

Giacomo Bergami

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Logic Keywords: LTLf; Declare; Verified Artificial Intelligence; Equational logic and rewriting

Online: 11 March 2024 (13:18:45 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0579.v1

Fishery Products Safety, Processing and Utilization

Upali Samarajeewa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Fish spoilage; safety of food-fish; fish processing; waste utilization; novel food additives and pharmaceuticals; artificial intelligence

Online: 11 March 2024 (10:08:42 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0167.v2

Review of Accurate Detection of Human Skin Tissue Temperature Based on Microwave Radiation Method

Jingtao Wu, Jie Liu

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Microwave radiation diagnosis; accurate temperature measurement; pencil beam; correlated radiometer architecture; combining forward and inversion

Online: 11 March 2024 (07:01:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0575.v1

Corrosion Assessment and Classification in SPCC Steel Using Eddy Current Testing

Lian Xie, Prashanth Baskaran, Francisco Correa Alegria, Artur Lopes Ribeiro, Helena Geirinhas Ramos

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: classification; corrosion; generative and discriminative models; traditional eddy current testing

Online: 11 March 2024 (05:42:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0571.v1

Streamlined Two-Step Fragment Analysis PCR and Exome Sequencing of RFC1 for Diagnostic Testing of Suspected CANVAS Patients

Helena Jaklič, Ivana Babič Božović, Borut Peterlin, Anja Kovanda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Cerebellar ataxia neuronopathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS); RFC1; genetic testing; genetic diagnostics, ; fluorescent PCR; repeat-primed PCR; repeat-expansion; fragment length analysis

Online: 11 March 2024 (05:36:41 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0485.v1

Continued Process Verification Monitoring: Optimizing Control Chart Design by Reducing the False Alarm Rate and Nuisance Signals

Naveenganesh Muralidharan, Thatsinee Johnson, Leyla Saeednia Rose, Mark Davis

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: CPV; Control Chart False Alarm Rate; Control chart skewness and Kurtosis; Control chart nuisance signal

Online: 8 March 2024 (15:31:28 CET)

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The Food and Drug Administration’s 2011 Process Validation Guidance and International Council for Harmonization Quality Guidelines recommend continued process verification (CPV) as a mandatory requirement for pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical, and other regulated industries. As a part of product life cycle management, after process characterization in stage 1 and process qualification and validation in stage-2, CPV is performed as stage-3 validation during commercial manufacturing. CPV ensures that the process continues to remain within a validated state. CPV requires the collection and analysis of data related to critical quality attributes, critical material attributes, and critical process parameters on a minimum basis. Data is then used to elucidate process control regarding the capability to meet predefined specifications and stability via statistical process control tools. In statistical process control, control charts and Nelson rules are commonly used throughout the industry to monitor and trend data to ensure that a process remains in control. In the control chart, the mean value is taken as the center line, and 3σ limits are placed on either side of the center line. In CPV, manufactured lots are summarized, trended, and discussed at a cross-functional level at pre-defined intervals (either weekly, bi-weekly, or even monthly) based on the batch run rate. A cross-functional team assesses details regarding 1) violation frequency, 2) statistical strength of the signal, 3) violation magnitude and its impact on process or quality, and 4) any potential root causes for out-of-expectation or out-of-trend signals. The cross-functional team must analyze whether any signal identified by the control chart is reliable and must determine whether corrective action should be taken and justify the decision in the CPV meeting minutes based on statistical strength and reliability of the signal. However, basic control charts are susceptible to false alarms and nuisance alarms. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the assumptions behind control charts and the inherent false alarm rates for different Nelson rules. In this article, the authors have detailed the assumptions behind the usage of control charts, the rate of false alarms for different Nelson rules, the impact of skewness and kurtosis of a data distribution on the false alarm rate, and methods for optimizing control chart design by reducing false alarm rates and nuisance signals.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0535.v1

Electrothermal Instabilities in Barium Titanate Based Ceramics

Rizos N. Krikkis

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: BaTiO3 and titanates; thermistor; Joule heating; nonlocal problem; bifurcation analysis; delamination fracture

Online: 8 March 2024 (15:28:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0528.v1

The Impact of Soil and Water Conservation Measures on base flow modification: Evidence From Northeast Highland of Ethiopia

Mohammed Mihidin, Mekonen Ayana, Zelalem Biru, Tenna Alamerew, Gizaw Desta

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Soil and water conservation; micro-catchments; base flow

Online: 8 March 2024 (12:59:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0529.v1

The collaboration of private Hospitals with the Public Health System: the case of La Rioja, Spain (1986-2019).

María Teresa Jiménez-Buñuales, Pilar León-Sanz, Paulino González-Diego, Leonor González-Menorca

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: National Health System; Public Hospitals; Private Hospitals; La Rioja; Spain; Twenty and twenty first centuries

Online: 8 March 2024 (11:54:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0523.v1

A Step Forward Understanding Directional Limitations in Markerless Smartphone-based Gait Analysis

Pavol Martiš, Zuzana Košutzká, Andreas Kranzl

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: OpenCap; Markerless Gait Analysis; Directional Bias in Motion Analysis; Gait kinematics; Smartphone-based Motion Capture; Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test

Online: 8 March 2024 (11:04:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0505.v1

In-Situ Improvement of Sediment Microenvironment by Nitrate in Tailwater of Wastewater Treatment Plants Combined with Aerobic Denitrifying Bacteria under Low-Do Regulation

Junyi Chen, Chao Zhang, Yun Liu, Jie Tian, Jianbo Guo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: Black and odorous water bodies, Microenvironment, Sulfur autotrophic denitrification, Electroactive Bacteria, Functional gene

Online: 8 March 2024 (09:25:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0492.v1

Vision Systems for a UR5 Cobot on a Quality Control Robotic Station

Piotr Kohut, Kamil Skop

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Robotics Keywords: Cobot UR5; robotic station; quality control; image processing and analysis; object localization; vision-based measurements; camera-robot calibration; Python; OpenCV

Online: 8 March 2024 (05:23:29 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0435.v1

Exploring the Dynamic 3D DNA Structures in Genomics: Towards New Diagnostic and Therapeutic Frontiers

Mohammad Odah

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: 3D DNA Structures; Genome Editing (CRISPR-Cas); Genomic Regulation; Genetic Disorders; Computational Genomics; Non-coding RNA Interactions; Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI)

Online: 7 March 2024 (12:01:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0364.v1

Novel Probiotic for Peppers Fermentation with Safe and Health-Promoting Potential

Micaela Ivana Nuñez, María Cecilia Verni, Fernando Eloy Argañaraz Martinez, Jaime Daniel Babot, Victoria Terán, Mariana Elizabeth Danilovich, Elena Cartagena, María Rosa Alberto, Mario Eduardo Arena

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: red and green peppers; lactic acid bacteria; probiotics; antimutagenic activity; antipathogenic activity; biosurfactants

Online: 6 March 2024 (13:35:09 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0295.v1

Research, Development and Applications of Subsurface Radars in the USSR and Russia from the 60s to the Present Days

Sergey Ivashov

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: History of GPR development; Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and Georadar; Non-destructive testing; Subsurface radar; Surface-penetrating radar

Online: 6 March 2024 (11:41:05 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0313.v1

Currently Available Site Index Equations That Use On-Site Tree Measurements for Naturally Regenerated Longleaf Pine in Its Historical Range

Curtis L VanderSchaaf

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: Pinus palustris; growth and yield; dominant height; restoration

Online: 6 March 2024 (10:57:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0145.v2

Dynamic Event-Triggered Control for Delayed Nonlinear Markov Jump Systems under Randomly Occurring DoS Attack and Packet Loss

Haiyang Zhang, Huizhen Chen, Lianglin Xiong, Yi Zhang

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Delayed nonlinear Markov jump systems; attack success rate; Packet loss rate; Dynamic Event-triggered Mechanism; Exponential stability and stabilization

Online: 6 March 2024 (10:57:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0271.v1

Machine Learning-Based Human Life Detection behind Walls Exploiting a UWB Radar Sensor

Dimitris Uzunidis, Panagiotis Kasnesis, Charalampos Z. Patrikakis, Stelios A. Mitilineos

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: human detection; First Responders; Machine Learning; aftermath crisis management; search and rescue; ultra-wideband radar sensors

Online: 6 March 2024 (05:10:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0320.v1

National Agricultural Innovation System (NAIS): Diagnosis, Gaps and Mapping of Actors

Luis Fernando Gutiérrez Cano, Jhon Wilder Zartha Sossa, John Fredy Moreno Sarta, Juan Camilo Oviedo Lopera, Jorge Iván Quintero Saavedra, Lina María Suárez Guzmán, Diego Alejandro Agudelo Tapasco, Orlando Rodríguez García

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: Systems of Innovation,; National Agricultural Innovation System; gaps; Innovation and Development (R&D); training; , ICT; sustainability

Online: 6 March 2024 (04:29:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0276.v1

Design and Experiment of Taking Plate Control System of Edible Sunflower Harvester

Feng Pan, Jincheng Chen, Hui Zhang, Lin Han, Yuncheng Dong, Bin Li, Chao Ji

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: edible sunflower; harvester; taking plate control system; trapezoidal acceleration and deceleration control algorithm; field experiment

Online: 5 March 2024 (16:08:04 CET)

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Aiming at the problems of high labor intensity and high cost of manual picking, high loss rate of mechanical picking seeds, low mechanization level and difficult to guarantee the quality of picking plates in the process of picking plates of edible sunflower. Based on the principle of manual plate taking, a plate taking control system for sunflower harvesting table was designed. Through the research and analysis of the principle of taking the plate of the edible sunflower harvesting table. According to the actual operation requirements, the overall scheme of the sunflower plate control system is determined, and the control strategy of imitating artificial low loss harvesting is designed. To reduce the grain loss in the process of taking the plate and improve the control accuracy of the system on the movement speed and displacement of the key components in the process of taking the plate, a trapezoidal acceleration and deceleration control algorithm is designed as the control algorithm of taking the plate. To verify the working performance of the plate control system, with the absolute error, relative error and total loss rate of the harvest as objectives. The bench and field verification experiments were both carried out. The bench experiment showed that the speed error of the plate parts was not more than 0.028 m/s. In the bench experiments of the device, the maximum positioning error was 1.25 mm, the average relative error is only 0.94 %, and the grain loss rate was not more than 2.26 %. It result showed that the system algorithm was reliable, the positioning accuracy was high, and the taking plate operation can be completed well. The field verification experiment showed that the forward speed of the unit was in the range of 0.4~0.8 m/s, and the total loss rate of harvest was less than 5 %. When the forward speed is 0.6 m/s, the minimum harvest loss rate is 2.32 %, and which indicated the control system meets the requirements of sunflower harvesting operation.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0270.v1

Luminescence and Electron-hole Trapping Centers in Mn-doped α-Ca2P2O7

Turlybek Nurakhmetov, Temirulan Alibay, Keleshek Zhangylyssov, Aibek Nurpeissov, Sapargali Pazylbek, Diana Griesiute, Aleksej Zarkov, Aivaras Kareiva

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: electrons and holes; trapping center; luminescence; XRD; SEM; Emission spectra; Excitation spectra

Online: 5 March 2024 (15:10:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0206.v1

A Quantum Formalism for Abstract Dynamical Systems

Joan C. Micó

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: dynamical systems, general systems, classical dynamics, Schrödinger equation, quantum formulation, Bohm and Hiley’s interpretation, quantum dynamics, logistic function.

Online: 5 March 2024 (13:23:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0221.v1

Developing a YOLOv3-Based Neural Network to Enable Digital Cameras to Detect Features on the Reflective Surface of Objects in Robotic Applications: A Low-Computational Approach with a New Public Dataset

Albin Bajrami, Matteo Claudio Palpaceli

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Feature Detection; Object Reflective Surfaces; YOLOv3 Neural Network; Transfer Learning; Digital Cameras; Collaborative Robots; Machine Learning in Manufacturing; Automation in Polishing; Industrial AI Applications; GPU; CUDA and cuDNN

Online: 5 March 2024 (13:21:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0203.v1

The Renunciation of Healthcare Services in the Italian Regions in the ESG Context

Angelo Leogrande, Emanuela Resta, Alberto Costantiello

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Analysis of Health Care Markets; Health Behaviours; Health Insurance; Public and Private; Health and Inequality; Health and Economic Development; Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health

Online: 5 March 2024 (09:09:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0224.v1

An Investigation into the Distribution of Fluctuating Wind Pressure and Associated Probabilistic Characteristics of Low-Rise Buildings Impacted by the Gap between the Hillside and the Building

Min Zhong, Chao Wang, Minghui Lin, Junyu Lu, Xiangjun Wang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Fluctuating wind pressure distribution; Probabilistic properties; Low-rise buildings; Mountain form; The gap between the hillside and the building

Online: 5 March 2024 (06:39:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0169.v1

Flexible Regulation and Synergy Analysis for Multiple Loads of Buildings in a Hybrid Renewable Integrated Energy System

Mou Wu, Fan Junqiu, Rujing Yan, Xiangxie Hu, Jing Zhang, Yu He, Guoqiang Cao, Weixing Zhao, Da Song

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: hybrid renewable integrated energy system; flexible buildings; renewable energy consumption; regulation and synergy mechanism; operation optimization

Online: 5 March 2024 (05:59:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0241.v1

Lathyrus Aphaca Extract MnO Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye

Muhammad Haris, Amir Hassan, Sana Ullah Khan, Istikhar Khan, Muhammad Akif, Naveed Akhtar

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: Lathyrus Aphaca extract; MnO nanoparticles (NPs); ; Photocatalysis; Photocatalytic degradation and Methylene Blue (MB) Dye

Online: 5 March 2024 (05:47:34 CET)

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Our environment has been impacted by man-made pollutants mainly industries make substantial use of synthetic dyes which exhibit cytotoxicity and have significant environmental consequences. Effective photocatalyst-based approaches for degrading synthetic dyes into less toxic chemical are of great interest. Synthesizing NPs using biological approaches, particularly plant-based approaches offer advantages, decreasing the risk of NPs losing biocompatibility during synthesis, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. In this study, we employed a green synthesis method to produce manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO NPs) utilizing leaf extract from the Lathyrus Aphaca plant. The synthesized MnOx NPs were characterized through various techniques; X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–visible spectroscopy. XRD analysis showed distinct peaks, indicated the presence crystallographic planes within the MnO₂ nanoparticles, thus confirming their crystalline structure. SEM study highlighted closely packed configurations with average size of approximately ≥ 50-70 nm, with well-defined boundaries. EDX analysis showed the presence of elemental manganese (Mn) in the samples, with peaks corresponding to Mn detected at lower energy levels, predominantly represented by MnO. FTIR, showed the presence of the O-O stretching mode at a frequency of 719 cm^-1, the presence of MnO₆ oxides of manganese, and peak at 548 cm^-1 corresponded to the Mn-O stretching mode. Furthermore, the green-synthesized manganese oxide nanoparticles exhibited promising photocatalytic and adsorption capabilities against Methylene Blue (MB) dye, leading to approximately 93.21% degradation of MB when treated with the green-synthesized MnO nanoparticles derived from plant extract. This highlights the efficacy and potential of these nanoparticles in environmental remediation applications, particularly in the degradation of methylene blue contaminants.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0190.v1

Development and Validation of a Hand Held Spectrophotometric Method by Near Infra-Red (NIR) using PCA Approaches and Chemometric Tools: Application for Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Tadalafil Marketed in Kinshasa-D.R. Congo

Jocelyn Mankulu Kakumba, Patient Hamuli Ciza, Merdie Luyinama Mpemba, Freddy Kasago Mugisho, Malachie Tembo Monyele, Dadit Ive Kitenge, Tresor Bayebila Menanzambi, Tresor Kimbeni Malongo, Didi Mana Kialengila, Jeremie Mbinze Kindenge

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: Substandard and falsified medicines; Handheld NIR; Chemometric tools; Development; Validation

Online: 4 March 2024 (19:15:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0176.v1

Surface Thermodynamic Properties of 3D/4D Printing Poly Lactic Acid by Inverse Gas Chromatography

Tayssir Hamieh

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: 3D/4D printing; adhesion; London and polar surface energies; glass transition; enthalpic and entropic Lewis’ s acid– base constants; acid and base surface energies

Online: 4 March 2024 (14:41:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0142.v1

Non-Union Treatment in the Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg: A Multicenter Retrospective Study Comparing Conventional Treatment with the Human Allogeneic Cortical Bone Screw (Shark Screw®)

Viktor Labmayr, Elisabeth Huber, Florian Wenzel-Schwarz, Patrick Holweg, Martin Ornig, Gerd Jakob, Wolfgang Palle, Gudrun H. Borchert, Klaus Pastl

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: bone healing; non-union; human allogeneic cortical bone screw; Shark Screw®; ; allograft; pseudarthrosis; foot and ankle; time to union; delayed union; return to work; hardware removal; health care costs

Online: 4 March 2024 (14:04:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0146.v1

Provenance Variation in Seed and Fruit Pod Traits of Multipurpose Wonder Forest Tree Siris (Albizzia lebbek) in Northern India and Relationships with Bioclimatic Factors

Om P. Rajora, Abdul Bari Muneera Parveen, Modhumita Ghosh Dasgupta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: Indian siris; morphological diversity; seed source variation; geographical variation; geocoordinates; ecotypic variation; seed germination; inter-traits correlation; inter-provenance differentiation; genetic resource conservation, sustainable management and improvement

Online: 4 March 2024 (10:57:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0107.v1

Self-Reported Speed Compliance and Drivers Speeding Behaviour in Cameroon

Stephen Kome Fondzenyuy, Christian Steven Fowo, Steffel Ludivin Feudjio Tezong, Davide Shingo Usami, Luca Persia

Subject: Social Sciences, Transportation Keywords: road safety; speeding behavior; speed compliance; speeding intention; theory of planned behavior; low- and middle-income countries

Online: 4 March 2024 (10:37:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0099.v1

The Equations and Their Effects

carlos eduardo ramos cardoso cardoso

Subject: Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics Keywords: multiplication and addition equations; division equations; subtraction equations;
physical concepts

Online: 4 March 2024 (10:36:26 CET)

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