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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1015.v1

Short-Term Effects of Dietary Protein Supplementation on Physical Recovery in Older Patients at Risk of Malnutrition during Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Barbara Strasser, Vincent Grote, Walter Bily, Helena Nics, Patricia Riedl, Ines Jira, Michael J. Fischer

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: aging; dietary protein; hand-grip strength; physical function; rehabilitation; sarcopenia

Online: 14 July 2023 (11:32:28 CEST)

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It is estimated that about 50% of geriatric rehabilitation patients suffer from sarcopenia. Thereby, malnutrition is frequently associated with sarcopenia and dietary intake is the main modifiable risk factor. During hospitalization, older adults are recommended to consume more dietary protein than the current recommended dietary allowance of 0.8 g/kg body weight per day to optimize the recovery of muscular strength and physical function. This prospective study examined the effect of a short-term protein supplementation with protein-enriched foods and drinks on hand-grip strength, nutritional status and physical function in older patients at risk of malnutrition during a three week inpatient orthopedic rehabilitation stay. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used to assess malnutrition. Patients with a MNA score ≤ 23.5 points were randomly assigned to an intervention group (goal: to consume 1.2–1.5 g protein/kg body weight per day) or a control group (standard care). Both groups carried out the same rehabilitation program. Physical recovery parameters were determined at admission and discharge. There was a trend for participants in the intervention group to consume more protein than the control group (P = 0.058): 95.3 (SD 13.2) g/day as compared to 77.2 (SD 24.2) g/day, which corresponds to a mean protein intake of 1.6 (SD 0.3) g/kg/day vs. 1.3 (SD 0.5) g/kg/day. Dietary protein supplementation increased body weight by an average of 0.9 (SD 1.1) kg and fat mass by an average of 0.9 (SD 1.2) kg as compared with baseline (P = 0.039 and P = 0.050, respectively). There was no significant change in hand-grip strength, body composition and physical function. In conclusion, a short-term intervention with protein-enriched foods and drinks enabled older patients at risk of malnutrition to increase their protein intake to levels that are higher than their required intake. In these older individuals with appropriate protein intake, dietary protein supplementation did not result in a greater improvement in physical recovery outcomes during short-term inpatient rehabilitation. The intervention improved dietary protein intake, but further research (e.g., a full-scale randomized controlled trial with sufficient power) is required to determine the effects on physical function outcomes.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0205.v1

Characteristics of Dietary Fiber-Induced Effects on the Gut Microbiota and Metabolites Associated with a High-Meat Diet in Children

Zhi Du, Xiaoli Ye, Hao Fu, Jiabin Li, Jieying Ding, Guofei Ren, Linying Zhou, Xionge Pi, Jing Miao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: dietary fiber; childhood obesity; gut microbiota; metabolite; high-meat diet

Online: 13 March 2023 (02:18:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0202.v1

Impact of Blueberry Consumption on the Human Fecal Bileacidome: A Pilot Study

William Gagnon, Véronique Garneau, Jocelyn Trottier, Mélanie Verreault, Charles Couillard, Denis Roy, André Marette, Jean Philippe Drouin-Chartier, Marie-Claude Vohl, Olivier Barbier

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: blueberries; bile acids; dietary supplements; polyphenols; LC-MS/MS profiling

Online: 10 August 2022 (11:57:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0482.v1

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Determinants Among Pregnant Women: The NELA Cohort

Clara Suarez Martínez, Genoveva Yagüe Guirao, Marina Santaella Pascual, Patricia Peso-Echarri, Jesús Vioque López, Eva Morales Bartolomé, Luis García-Marcos, Carmen Martínez-Graciá

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Dietary pattern; Mediterranean diet; healthy diet; pregnancy; lifestyle; sociodemographic factors.

Online: 18 March 2021 (12:34:28 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Impact of Dietary Potassium Nitrate on the Life Span on Drosophila Melanogaster

Tomas Liubertas, Liudas Jonas Poderis, Vilma Zigmantaite, Sandrija Capkauskiene, Pranas Viskelis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: nitric oxide; nitrates; dietary potassium nitrate; Drosophila melanogaster; longevity; lifespan

Online: 29 January 2021 (14:20:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0470.v1

Variation of Patulin Levels in Citrus Fruits From Central Cities of Punjab and Northern Cities of Pakistan, and Estimation of Dietary Intake

Kinza Aslam, Shahzad Zafar Iqbal, Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis, Sunusi Usman, Nada Basheir Ali

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Citrus fruits; patulin, dietary intake, variation in patulin; liquid chromatography

Online: 25 January 2021 (10:16:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0456.v1

Variation of Patulin Levels in Citrus Fruits from Central Cities of Punjab and Northern Cities of Pakistan, and Estimation of Dietary Intake

Shahzad Iqbal

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Citrus fruits; patulin; dietary intake; variation in patulin; liquid chromatography

Online: 22 January 2021 (14:33:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0466.v1

Relationship between Dietary Fiber Intake and the Prognosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Haelim Yu, Seung Hyun Kim, Min-Young Noh, Sang-Gon Lee, Yongsoon Park

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; dietary fiber; gut microbiota; prognosis; vegetable fiber

Online: 22 October 2020 (21:26:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0256.v1

Selection of Target Nutrients for the Nutritional Standards of School Lunches in Korea

Meeyoung Kim, Dongwoo Kim, Jihyun Yoon

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: nhanes; foodservice; nutrition assessment; dietary reference intakes; school lunch program

Online: 22 October 2019 (10:31:57 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Adequacy Among an Older Spanish Population with Metabolic Syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus Study: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Naomi Cano-Ibáñez, Alfredo Gea, Miguel A. Martínez-González, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Dolores Corella, M. Dolors Zomeño, Dora Romaguera, Jesús Vioque, Fernando Aros, Julia Wärnberg, J. Alfredo Martínez, Lluis Serra-Majem, Ramón Estruch, Francisco Tinahones, José Lapetra, Xavier Pintó, Josep A. Tur, Antonio García-Ríos, Blanca Riquelme-Gallego, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez, Pilar Matía, Lidia Daimiel, Vicente Martín, Josep Vidal, Clotilde Vázquez, Emilio Ros, Pilar Buil-Cosiales, Andrés Díaz-López, Rebeca Fernández-Carrión, Montserrat Fitó, Jadwiga Konieczna, Leyre Notario-Barandiaran, Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez, Eugenio Contreras-Fernández, Itziar Abete, Almudena Sánchez-Villegas, Rosa Casas, Araceli Muñoz-Garach, José Manuel Santos-Lozano, Laura Gallardo-Alfaro, Josep Basora, Olga Portoles, Miguel Ángel Muñoz, Manuel Moñino, Salvador Miralles Gisbert, Anai Moreno Rodríguez, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Antoni Palau Galindo, Karla Alejandra Pérez-Vega, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Dietary diversity; nutrient adequacy; metabolic syndrome; aging; PREDIMED-Plus study

Online: 18 March 2019 (09:25:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0132.v1

Geography of Food Consumption Patterns between South and North China

Fangfang Song, Mi Sook Cho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Chinese adults; north region; south region; dietary pattern; metabolic syndrome

Online: 31 October 2016 (02:51:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1502.v1

Enhancing Food Security through Data Insights: Exploring How Household Dietary Diversity Score and Spatial Visualization in Chilean Vulnerable Population Can Inform Food Governance

Martin del Valle M, Kirsteen Shields, Sofía Boza

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Chile; Food Security; Food Governance; Household Dietary Diversity Score; Spatial Visualization

Online: 21 August 2024 (00:19:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0385.v1

Hydrogen and Methane Production in Response to Different Types of Dietary Fiber and Its Relationship to Postprandial Glucose Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Normoglycemic Subjects

Inna V Misnikova, Yulia A. Kovaleva, Svetlana Y Shokur, Tyler W. LeBaron, Oxana Viktorovna Povarova, Oleg S. Medvedev

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: dietary fiber; molecular hydrogen; methane; type 2 diabetes; postprandial glucose levels

Online: 6 June 2024 (12:49:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0760.v1

Optimization of Composite Enzymatic Extraction, Structural Characterization and Biological Activity of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Akebia trifoliata Peel

Ya Song, Guoshun Sun, Dian Wang, Jin Chen, Jun Lv, Sixia Jiang, Guoqiang Zhang, Shirui Yu, Huayan Zheng

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: Akebia trifoliata; soluble dietary fiber; extraction; structure; antioxidant activity; functional properties

Online: 11 April 2024 (14:02:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0023.v1

Good Dietary Pattern as a Protective Factor against the Development of Clinical Manifestations in Oropouche Infections in the Amazon Region

Vanessa Carvalho, Raimunda Azevedo, Valéria Carvalho, Pedro Vasconcelos, Lívia Martins

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: arboviruses; Oropouche virus; clinical manifestations; food pattern; protection factor; dietary pattern

Online: 1 April 2024 (10:01:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1045.v1

Development and Effectiveness of Dietary Self-Care Promotion Program using Online Community for Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Hana Kim, Mi-Kyoung Cho

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Nursing Keywords: renal dialysis; self care; dietary management; self efficacy; internet-based intervention

Online: 19 February 2024 (11:50:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1465.v1

Exploring the Relationship between COVID-19 Induced Economic Downturn and Women’s Nutritional Health Disparities

Alaa Sadiq

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: COVID-19 Economic Impact; Nutritional Health Disparities; Dietary Inequities; Socioeconomic Effects

Online: 23 November 2023 (04:41:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0796.v1

Sex-Specific Effects of a Maternal Obesogenic Diet High in Fat and Sugar on Offspring Adiposity, Growth and Behaviour

Emily Mort, Sophie Heritage, Susan Jones, Abigail Lesley Fowden, Emily Camm

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: adiposity; high fat and sugar diet; dietary intake; obesity; behavioural neuroscience

Online: 13 October 2023 (03:59:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0092.v1

Evaluation of Acceptability, Functionality, and Validity of a Passive Image-Based Dietary Intake Assessment Method in Individuals of Ghanaian and Kenyan Origin Living in London, UK: A Pilot Study

Modou L. Jobarteh, Megan A. McCrory, Benny Lo, Konstantinos K. Triantafyllidis, Jianing Qiu, Jennifer P. Griffin, Edward Sazonov, Mingui Sun, Wenyan Jia, Tom Baranowski, Alex K. Anderson, Kathryn Maitland, Gary Frost

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Dietary intake assessment; Wearable camera; Food; Nutrients; Portion size; Nutritional analysis

Online: 1 September 2023 (16:36:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1134.v1

Advancements in Understanding and Treating NAFLD: A Comprehensive Review of Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Emerging Therapies

Jacob Beiriger, Kashyap Chauhan, Adnan Khan, Taha Shahzad, Natalia Salinas, Peter Zhang, Sarah Chen, Anh Nguyen, Brian Yan, John Bruckbauer, Dina Halegoua-DeMarzio

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: NAFLD; NASH; pathogenesis; genetic factors; dietary factors; environmental factors; therapeutic strategies

Online: 15 August 2023 (12:51:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0649.v1

Dietary Intervention Improves Treatment Adherence and Clinical Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Izolde Bouloukaki, Eleni Daskalaki, Eleni Mavroudi, Violeta Moniaki, Sophia Schiza, Ioanna Tsiligianni

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: dietary intervention; obstructive sleep apnea; treatment adherence; sleepiness; obesity; Mediterranean diet

Online: 11 July 2023 (09:45:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1198.v1

L-Citrulline Supplementation Does Not Affect Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness at Rest and During Isometric Exercise in Older Adults

Andrea Tryfonos, Filippos Christodoulou, George M. Pamboris, Stephanos Christodoulides, Anastasios A. Theodorou

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: nitric oxide; dietary supplements; endothelium function; hypertension; cardiovascular disease; blood flow

Online: 16 June 2023 (08:39:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0197.v1

Food Literacy and Dietary Intake in German Office Workers: A Longitudinal Intervention Study

Svenja Meyn, Simon Blaschke, Filip Mess

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: health literacy; food literacy; dietary intake; nutrition; office workers; health promotion

Online: 10 November 2022 (10:14:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0172.v1

The Effect of Productive Safety Net Programme on Household Food Consumption and Dietary Diversity in Ethiopia

Mebratu Feyisa

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: PSNP; household food consumption; household dietary diversity; random effect; instrumental variable

Online: 11 October 2021 (17:15:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0015.v1

Root System Architecture, Copper Uptake and Tissue Distribution in Soybean (Glycine max cv. Kowsar) Grown in Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuONPs) Amended Soil and Implications to Human Nutrition

Elham Yusefi-Tanha, Sina Fallah, Ali Rostamnejadi, Lok Pokhrel

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Metal oxide nanoparticles; Bioaccumulation; Recommended Dietary Allowances; Daily Values; Essential nutrients

Online: 2 August 2020 (11:18:19 CEST)

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Understanding potential uptake and biodistribution of engineered nanoparticles in soil-grown plants is imperative for toxicity and risk assessment considering the oral exposure of edibles by humans. Herein, we assessed potential influence of particle size (25, 50, and 250 nm) and concentration (0, 50, 100, 200, and 500 mg/kg-soil) of Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) on: (1) the root system architecture, and the physicochemical attributes of soil at the soil-root interface, (2) leading to Cu transport and accumulation in root, stem, leaf and seed in soybean (Glycine max cv Kowsar) grown for entire lifecycle of 120 days, and compared with soluble Cu²⁺ ions and water-only controls, and (3) performed a comparative assessment of total seed Cu levels in soybean with other valuable food sources for Cu intake and discussed its human health implications. Our findings showed particle size- and concentration-dependent influence of CuONPs on Cu uptake and tissue distribution in root, stem, leaf and seed in soybean. Alterations in root architecture (root dry weight, root length, root volume, and root area) were dependent on the Cu compound type, Cu concentrations, and their interactions (p<0.05), except for root density. Concentration-response relationships for all three sized CuONPs, and Cu²⁺ ions, were linear. CuONPs and Cu²⁺ ions had inhibitory effects on root growth and development. Overall, soybean responses to smallest size CuONPs-25 nm were higher for all parameters investigated compared to two larger sized CuONPs (50 nm, 250 nm) or Cu²⁺ ions. Cu uptake/bioaccumulation differed among soybean tissues in the order: root > leaf > stem > seed. Despite reduced root architecture and seed yield, our smallest size CuONPs-25 nm led to increased total seed Cu uptake compared to the larger sized CuONPs and Cu²⁺ ions tested. Our findings also suggest that soil amendment by CuONPs, more so by the smallest size CuONPs-25 nm, could significantly improve nutritional Cu value in soybean seed as reflected by % Daily Values (DV), and are rated “Good” to “Very Good” according to the “World’s Healthiest Foods” rating. However, until the potential toxicity and risk from consumption of soybean seed is characterized in humans, caution should be exercised when the Cu fortified seeds are used for daily human consumption when addressing Cu deficiency and associated illnesses, globally.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0291.v1

Development of A Sport Foods Exchange List for Dietetic Practice in Sports Nutrition

José Miguel Martínez-Sanz, Susana Menal-Puey, Isabel Sospedra, Giuseppe Russolillo, Aurora Norte, Iva Marques-Lopes

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: food exchange list; sports foods; dietary supplements; dietetic practice; menu planning

Online: 24 June 2020 (09:41:43 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

The Contribution of Diet Quality to Socioeconomic Inequalities in Obesity: A Population-Based Study of Swiss Adults

Carlos de Mestral, Angeline Chatelan, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Silvia Stringhini, Murielle Bochud

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: diet quality; socioeconomic status; inequalities; education, income; obesity; 24h dietary recall

Online: 21 June 2019 (09:56:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0283.v1

Feasibility study of an Online 24-hr Dietary Assessment Tool: myfood24, in a clinical population

Carla Gianfrancesco, Zoe Darwin, Salwa Albar, Nisreen Alwan, Michelle Carter, Roz Haddrill, Linda McGowan, Michelle Morris, Eleanor Scott, Debbie Smith, Janet Cade

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: 24-hour recall; nutrition assessment; technology assisted dietary assessment; gestational diabetes

Online: 16 July 2018 (12:12:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0138.v1

Thyroid Nodules in Centenarians: Prevalence and Relationship to Lifestyle Characteristics and Dietary Habits

Yao Yao, Xianghui Chen, Shengzheng Wu, Liang Guo, Hao Zhang, Qiao Zhu, Jie Tang, Fuxin Luan, Yali Zhao, Faqin Lv, Yao He

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: thyroid nodules; ultrasound; lifestyle; dietary; betel quid; red meat; nut; centenarians

Online: 16 January 2018 (10:04:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0803.v1

Caregivers of People with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Potential Ally to Enhance Delivery of Nutrition Care

Georgina Lockwood, Lucimay Davey, Catherine McFarlane, Nicholas A Gray, Hattie Wright

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: diet therapy; family caregiver; food literacy; nutrition knowledge; meal provision; dietary adherence

Online: 10 September 2024 (11:10:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0094.v1

An Upcycled Dietary Fiber Rich in Bioactives from Hemp Hulls Supports Digestive Comfort in Healthy Adults: Results from a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

B. Jan-Willem van Klinken, Christopher R D'Adamo, Emily K Pauli, Swati Kalgaonkar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: dietary fiber; hemp hull fiber; inulin; digestive tolerance; gas; bloating; abdominal pain

Online: 2 September 2024 (10:53:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0795.v1

Visceral Fat-Reducing Effect of Novel Dietary Intervention Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Japan

Naohisa Shobako, Hiroyasu Shimada, Tsuyoshi Yamato, Takuo Nakazeko, Yukio Hirano, Futoshi Nakamura, Keiko Honda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: visceral fat; randomized control trial; dietary reference intake; Optimized Nutri-Dense Meals

Online: 12 August 2024 (11:38:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1288.v1

The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Bone Mineral Density in the Population of the Abay Region of Kazakhstan

Madina Madiyeva, Tamara Rymbaeva, Alida Kaskabayeva, Gulzhan Bersimbekova, Gulnur Kanapiyanova, Marya Prilutskaya, Dinara Akhmetzhanova, Aliya Alimbaeva, Nazarbek Omarov

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: bone mineral density; osteoporosis; dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; dietary patterns; aging

Online: 18 April 2024 (15:54:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0844.v1

Impact of Various Types of Heat Processing on the Selenium Content of Goose Breast Meat

Zuzanna Goluch, Małgorzata Bąkowska, Gabriela Haraf, Bogumiła Pilarczyk

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: selenium; goose; meat; heat treatment; Recommended Dietary Allowance; Nutrient Reference Values-Requirements

Online: 10 January 2024 (14:54:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0103.v1

Associations of Broader Parental Factors with Children’s Happiness and Weight-Status through Child Food Intake, Physical Activity, and Screen Time: A Longitudinal Modeling Analysis of the South Korean Families

Kay W Kim, Jan L Wallander, Bokyung Kim

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: play; stress; happiness; dietary intake; physical activity; weight status; parent; child ;

Online: 4 December 2023 (09:06:25 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0285.v1

Emerging Pharmaceutical Therapies to Address the Inadequacy of Gluten-Free Diet for Celiac Disease

Martina Crepaldi, Michela Palo, Daria Maniero, Luisa Bertin, Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino, Robert Paul Anderson, Fabiana Zingone

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: celiac disease (CeD); gluten-free diet (GFD); novel treatment; non-dietary treatment

Online: 6 November 2023 (13:44:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2088.v1

A Comprehensive Examination of Vegan Lifestyle in Italy

Annachiara Stenico, Diana Zarantonello, Michael Kob

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: plant-based diet; vegan diet; healthy habits and eating trends; dietary patterns

Online: 29 September 2023 (09:53:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1641.v1

Dietary Habits, Meal-Timing, and Meal Frequency in Kuwaiti Adults: Analysis of the Kuwait National Nutrition Surveillance Data

Fatema Alkhulaifi, Suad Al-Hooti, Sameer Al-Zenki, Husam Alomirah, And Charles Darkoh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Behavioral Sciences Keywords: dietary habits; meal timing; meal frequency; late night dinner; skipping meals; Kuwait

Online: 26 September 2023 (03:23:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0042.v1

Synergistic Effect of Dietary Acid Load Levels and Cigarette Smoking Status on the Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Middle-Aged Healthy Korean Men

Jihyun Park, Mi Ri Ha, Juhyun Song, Oh Yoen Kim

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: dietary acid load; net endogenous acid production; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; KNHANES

Online: 1 September 2023 (10:11:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1923.v1

Integrated Multimodal Genomics and Dietary Approaches for the Management of Neurodegeneration

Toshiyuki Murai, Satoru Matsuda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Parkinson’s disease; phytochemicals; dietary intervention; epigenetics; transcriptome; epigenome; transcriptomics; epigenomics

Online: 27 July 2023 (13:22:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1053.v2

Food Front-of-pack Labelling and the Nutri-Score Nutrition Label—Poland-wide Cross-sectional Expert Opinion Study

Mariusz Panczyk, Hubert Dobrowolski, Beata I. Sińska, Alicja Kucharska, Mariusz Jaworski, Iwona Traczyk

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: consumer awareness; dietary choices; front-of-pack label; Nutri-Score; nutrition labelling

Online: 8 June 2023 (10:06:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1742.v1

Physicochemical Properties of Three Types of Rice Bran Meal Dietary Fiber and Their Hypolipidemic Effects on Rats

Renwei Zhu, Yayi Wang, Linwei Zhang, Liang Huang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Dietary Fiber; Rice bran meals; Physicochemical properties; Hypolipidemic activity; Oil production methods

Online: 25 May 2023 (05:41:00 CEST)

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This study investigated the effects of three oil production methods on the physicochemical properties of dietary fiber from rice bran flour, and the hypolipidemic effects of the dietary fibers were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The particle size results showed that the organic solvent-impregnated rice bran meal dietary fiber (N-RBDF) had the smallest average particle size and the aqueous enzymatic rice bran meal dietary fiber (E-RBDF) had the narrowest particle size distribution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results demonstrated that all three kinds of rice bran meal dietary fibers (RBDF) were irregularly flaky. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) results revealed that the three RBDFs had similar reactive groups, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that all three RBDFs were cellulose type I crystals. The results of thermogravimetric analysis showed that the lignin content of N-RBDF was significantly lower than that of the other two. Among the three kinds of RBDFs, E-RBDF had higher water retention capacity, swelling capacity, oil holding capacity, and adsorption capacity for cholesterol and sodium bile salts. The results of experimental studies in hyperlipidemic rats showed that all three kinds of RBDFs significantly reduced triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum of hyperlipidemic rats; they also significantly lowered malondialdehyde (MDA) and elevated total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in liver of rats. In addition, all three kinds of RBDFs decreased aminotransferase (ALT) and aminotransferase (AST) activity in serum and also improved liver steatosis and reduced atherosclerosis index (AI) in rats with hyperlipidemia. Our study provides a reference for the development and utilization of rice bran meal and the application of rice bran meal dietary fiber in food processing.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0340.v1

Antioxidant Properties of Sesamum indicum Seeds using Different Solvents

Blessed Agbemade, Theophilus Fadjare Frempong, And Mercy Badu

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: dietary plants; medicinal plants; extraction; solvent; phytoconstituents; antioxidants; anti-nutrients; radical scavenging

Online: 22 July 2022 (13:16:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0055.v1

Estimating Dietary Intake from Grocery Purchase Data - A Comparative Validation of Relevant Indicators

Jing Wu, Klaus Ludwig Fuchs, Jie Lian, Mirella Lindsay Haldimann, Tanja Schneider, Simon Mayer, Jaewook Byun, Roland Gassmann, Christine Brombach, Elgar Fleisch

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: dietary intake; diet monitoring; digital receipts; purchase quality indicators; FSA-NPS DI

Online: 2 July 2021 (14:07:49 CEST)

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In light of the globally increasing prevalence of diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs), new scalable and non-invasive dietary monitoring techniques are urgently needed. Automatically collected digital receipts from loyalty cards have the potential to serve as an objective and automatically traceable digital biomarker for individual food choice behavior and do not require patients to manually log each individual meal item. Until recently, such electronic purchase records were hard to collect for researchers and were only validated in national empirical studies. Multiple quantitative indicators for purchase quality have been suggested, but so far no comparison has validated the potential of these alternative indicators to discriminate between health-beneficial and -detrimental food choices. With the introduction of the General Data Privacy Regulation in the European Union, millions of consumers gained the right to access their purchase data in a machine-readable form, representing a historic chance to leverage purchase data for scalable monitoring of food choices. This study hence is the first study comparing the calibration capacity and validating the discrimination potential of previously suggested purchase indicators for the nutritional quality of purchased groceries, incl. HEI-2015, HETI, GPQI, and FSA-NPS DI. To assess the indicators' potential, 464 study participants were asked to complete a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and to donate their digital receipts from the loyalty card programs of the two leading Swiss grocery retailers, representing 69\% of the national grocery market. 89 participants fulfilled the eligibility criteria, i.e. completed the FFQ and were frequent users of the loyalty card systems. Compared to absolute food and nutrient intake, correlations between density-based relative food and nutrient intake and food purchase data are stronger. Counterintuitively, although the frameworks of the HETI and the GPQI are centered around food groups, both indicators do not capture food group intake such as vegetables or sweets very well. The FSA-NPS DI has the best calibration and discrimination performance in classifying participants' consumption of nutrients and food groups, and seems to be a superior indicator to estimate nutritional quality of a user's diet based on digital receipts from grocery purchases in Switzerland.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0067.v1

Modulation of Endocannabinoids by Caloric Restriction is Conserved in Mice but is not Required for the Protection from Acute Kidney Injury

K. Johanna R. Hoyer-Allo, Martin Richard Späth, Ruth Hanssen, Marc Johnsen, Susanne Brodesser, Kathrin Kaufmann, Katharina Kiefer, Felix C. Koehler, Heike Göbel, Torsten Kubacki, Franziska Grundmann, Bernhard Schermer, Jens Brüning, Thomas Benzing, Volker Burst, Roman-Ulrich Müller

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: acute kidney injury; ischemia-reperfusion injury; dietary restriction; nutrition; preconditioning; endocannabinoids; AEA

Online: 5 May 2021 (13:59:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0712.v1

Emerging Evidence on the Effects of Dietary Factors on the Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer

Sandeep Appunni, Muni Rubens, Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy, Anshul Saxena, Raees Tonse, Peter McGranaghan, Adeel Kaiser, Rupesh Kotecha

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: dietary fibers; short chain fatty acid; gut microbiota; colorectal cancer prevention; epigenetics

Online: 29 March 2021 (22:22:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0378.v1

Regulation of Gastrointestinal Immunity by Metabolites

Bon-Hee Gu, Myunghoo Kim, Cheol-Heui Yun

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: gastrointestinal tract; dietary antigens; metabolites; microbiota; macronutrients; gastrointestinal immunity; mucosal immune regulation

Online: 15 December 2020 (12:20:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0197.v1

How Can We Improve the Consumption of a Nutritionally-Balanced Maternal Diet in Rural Bangladesh? The Key Elements of the ‘Balanced Plate’ Intervention

Ashraful Alam, Morseda Chowdhury, Michael John Dibley, Camille Raynes-Greenow

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Maternal diet; Dietary behaviour change intervention; Nutrition education; Balanced plate; Qualitative methods

Online: 9 July 2020 (16:15:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0311.v1

Medicinal Plant-based Functional Foods for the Management of Neurological Health

Md. Nasir Ahmed

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: functional food; dietary supplement; phytochemicals; nutritional neuroscience; gut microbiome; personalized nutrition; Bangladesh

Online: 26 June 2020 (12:23:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0109.v1

Effects of Altered Dietary Fiber on the Gut Microbiota, Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Cecum of Chickens during Different Growth Periods

Baosheng Sun, Linyue Hou, Yu Yang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: dietary fiber; SCFA; growth period; chickens; gut microbiota; microbiotal diversity; age; cecum

Online: 9 February 2020 (16:24:29 CET)

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Increasing numbers of researchers are interested in the importance of dietary fiber for the gut microbiota, microbiotal metabolite SCFA, energy metabolism and gut health of the host. However, studies have demonstrated that long-term and longitudinal observation may be needed to evaluate the effect of dietary fiber better, and few such works have been made in chickens. Therefore, we successively fed low-fiber, high--fiber and low-fiber diets to two breeds of chickens during different growth periods (1—8, 9—20 and 21—50 weeks), aiming to longitudinally observe the long-term effect of altered dietary fiber on the gut microbiota, SCFA and development of cecum of chickens with age. The results showed that the composition and function of the gut microbiota, SCFA and the development of the cecum were different during different periods, which was largly affected by dietary fiber. However, the causes of some effects were different during the different periods. For example, compared with that in low-fiber chickens at 8 weeks, dominant fiber-degradation bacteria such as Bacteroidetes, Alloprevotella and SCFA-producing bacteria such as Faecalibacterium increased due to a high-fiber diet at 20 weeks, while due to a high feed intake in 50 weeks. Moreover, the concentration of SCFA in 20 weeks was significantly higher than in 8 weeks and 50 weeks, but the causes of this difference were also distinct. It was proposed that a long-term observation was needed to evaluate the effect of dietary fiber better on chickens. The metabolite pathways of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters encoded by Firmicutes were enriched in 8 weeks, while a two-component system and β–glucosidase encoded by Bacteroidetes were enriched in 20 and 50 weeks. The trend was the same in two breeds of chickens except for Alloprevotella. In addition, the total content of SCFA in the contents of cecum was also affected by the size of the cecum. Surprisingly, the length of the cecum shortened from 20—50 weeks, maybe due to reduced dietary fiber.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0092.v1

Tracking Dietary Patterns over 20 Years from Childhood through Adolescence into Young Adulthood: The Saskatchewan Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study

Elham Movassagh, Adam Baxter-Jones, Saija Kontulainen, Susan Whiting, Hassanali Vatanparast

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: dietary patterns; tracking; stability; longitudinal change; generalized estimating equations; childhood; adolescence; adulthood

Online: 20 June 2017 (09:00:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0989.v1

Association of Polyamine and Other Dietary Component Intake and Feces Content of N-acetyl Putrescine, and Cadaverine with Patients’ Colorectal Lesions.

Eva Barreiro-Alonso, Paula Castro-Estrada, Manuel Sanchez, Pablo Peña-Iglesias, Lorena Suarez, Begoña Cantabrana

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: colorectal cancer; colorectal lesions; polyamine dietary intake; feces N-acetyl putrescine; feces cadaverine

Online: 12 July 2024 (00:34:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1409.v1

Internal Structure of Dietary Habits as a Restriction on Healthy Eating Policy in Japan

Makoto Hazama, Kouji Satoh, Mari Maeda-Yamamoto, Jun Nishihira

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: food consumption pattern; internal structure of dietary habit; healthy eating policy; statistical model

Online: 20 June 2024 (09:42:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1981.v1

Prevalence of Overweight, Obesity, and Associated Risk Factors among Students at the Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University

Sameer Alqassimi, Erwa Elmakki, Omar Oraibi, Majid Ahmed Darraj, Mohammed Ali Madkhali, Mostafa Mohrag, Areej Siddiq AREESHI, Amani B. Aburasain, Aisha H. Majrabi, Enas M. Masmali, Eman A. Refaei, Raghad A Mobaraki, Reem Mohammed Qahtani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: Overweight; Obesity; Prevalence; Risk factors; Medical students; Jazan University; Physical activity; Dietary habits

Online: 30 April 2024 (11:43:43 CEST)

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Background: Obesity is a global health crisis with a rapidly increasing prevalence among university students. Medical students are a unique population that may be at a higher risk of obesity due to the demanding nature of their studies and the associated stress. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and the associated risk factors among medical students at Jazan University in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 228 medical students from their 2nd to 6th academic years at the Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity, dietary habits, comorbidities, medication use, family history, and lifestyle factors. Anthropometric measurements including height, weight, and waist circumference were recorded. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to identify the risk factors associated with obesity. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the participants was 13.3% and 15% respectively. Hence, the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity is 28.3%. The mean weight was 63.39 ± 18.93 kilograms, and the mean height was 163.48 ± 9.78 centimeters. On the other hand, 17.3% of participants had underweight whereas 54.4% had normal BMI. Most of the participants (61%) did not engage in regular exercise. A high proportion consumed fruits (82.9%) and vegetables (58.8%) 3 or fewer days per week, and 84.2% consumed 3 or fewer meals per day. Fast food consumption more than 3 days per week was reported by 42.1% of participants. Obesity was not significantly associated with sociodemographic factors, physical activity, dietary habits, comorbidities, medication use, or family histories. However, those with a monthly family income of 15,000-24,999 riyals had significantly lower odds of obesity than those in the lowest income group (OR 0.230, p = 0.045). Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among medical students at Jazan University is high. Although no significant associations were found between obesity and most risk factors, this study highlights the need for interventions that promote healthy lifestyles among medical students. Further research is needed to identify effective strategies for preventing and managing obesity in this population.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0382.v1

Fertilizers Impact on Grassland in North-eastern Romania Studied by Nuclear and Related Analytical Techniques

Otilia A. Culicov, Doina Tarcau, Inga Zinicovscaia, Octavian G. Duliu, Mihai Stavarache, Vasile Vintu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: organic fertilizers; mineral fertilizers; grassland; dietary cation-anion difference; instrumental neutron activation analysis

Online: 4 April 2024 (12:54:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0334.v1

Chef Dalle: Transforming Cooking with Multimodal AI

Brendan Hannon, Yulia Kumar, J. Jenny Li, Patricia Morreale

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Human-Computer Interaction; Personalized Cooking Experience; Dietary Management; Recipe Recommendations; Artificial Intelligence; ChatGPT

Online: 4 April 2024 (06:06:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1572.v1

Phenolic, Nutritional and Sensory Characteristics of Functional Foods Formulated with Grape Pomace

Andrea Noelia Antoniolli, Lucía Becerra, Patricia N. Piccoli, Ariel Fontana

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: anthocyanins; phenolic compounds; wine industry by-products; bakery functional foods; antioxidant dietary fiber

Online: 22 January 2024 (10:33:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.2011.v1

The Impact of 8 Weeks Supplementation with Fermented and Non-Fermented Aronia Berry Pulp on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes

Christine B Christiansen, Per Bendix Jeppesen, Kjeld Hermansen, Søren Gregersen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Aronia melanocarpa; type 2 diabetes; dietary supplement; antioxidants; polyphenols; anthocyanins; randomized controlled trial

Online: 31 October 2023 (07:08:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1285.v1

Selenium in Cancer Rehabilitation - A Retrospective study from a Specialized Clinic

Christina Pfister, Joerg Schoenemann

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: selenium; zinc; micronutrient dietary intake; cancer; rehabilitation; health-related quality of life (HRQOL)

Online: 17 August 2023 (11:46:52 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1504.v1

Nipping at the Bud Stage: Controlling Future Diabetes Burden by Preventive Oral Health Care Approach for Early Childhood Dental Caries

Sachee Gallaba, Irosha Perera, Uthpala Gunasekara, Pushpa Gamlathge

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Diabetes; pre-diabetes; early childhood dental caries; refined sugar; dietary counseling; Sri Lanka

Online: 22 May 2023 (10:42:40 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0070.v1

Nutraceuticals in Personalized and Precision Medicine – a preliminary scoping review indicates efficacy for disease treatment, general wellbeing, and defense against Covid-19

Farah R. Zahir

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Nutraceuticals; Personalized Medicine; Precision Medicine; Probiotics; Vitamins; Covid; Dietary Supplements; Adverse Drug Effects

Online: 3 November 2022 (06:27:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0495.v1

Physical Activity, Eating Behaviour and Well-Being During a COVID-19 Period Among Greek Adolescents

Ioannis D. Morres, Evangelos Galanis, Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis, Odysseas Androutsos, Yannis Theodorakis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: pandemic; lockdown; physical activity; exercise; sport; well-being; dietary behavior; quality of life

Online: 19 March 2021 (08:59:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0049.v1

Mangosteen Shows a Potent Insulin Sensitizing Effect in Obese Female Patients: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Mikiko Watanabe, Elena Gangitano, Davide Francomano, Eliana Addessi, Raffaella Toscano, Daniela Costantini, Dario Tuccinardi, Stefania Mariani, Sabrina Basciani, Giovanni Spera, Lucio Gnessi, Carla Lubrano

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: garcinia mangostana; inflammation; insulin resistance; metabolic syndrome; diabetes; xanthones; mangostin; phytotherapy; dietary supplements

Online: 4 April 2018 (06:19:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0119.v1

Food Additives and Contaminants: Effects on Human Gut Microbiota—A Review

Paula Roca-Saavedra, Veronica Mendez-Vilabrille, Jose Manuel Miranda, Alexandre Lamas, Carolina Nebot, Alejandra Cardelle-Cobas, Carlos M. Franco, Alberto Cepeda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: antibiotic; bacteroidetes; dietary emulsifier; firmicutes; food additive; gut microbiota; non-nutritive sweetener; proteobacteria

Online: 23 December 2016 (11:21:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0283.v1

Choline and Essential Fatty Acids Inadequate Intake in Latin American Childbearing Age Women as a Regional Pre‐Conceptional Disadvantage. ELANS Results

Marianella Herrera-Cuenca, Martha Cecilia Yépez García, Lilia Yadira Cortés Sanabria, Pablo Hernandez, Guillermo Ramírez, Maura Vásquez, Yaritza Sifontes, Georgina Gómez, María Reyna Liria-Domínguez, Attilio Rigotti, Mauro Fisberg, Irina Kovalskys, Maritza Landaeta-Jimenez

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: choline; essential fatty acids; women of childbearing age; diet; Latin America; ELANS; dietary intake

Online: 5 August 2024 (14:17:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0105.v1

Epigenetic and Coping Mechanisms of Stress in Affective Disorders: a Scoping Review

Brenda-Cristiana Bernad, Mirela-Cleopatra Tomescu, Anghel Teodora, Diana Lungeanu, Virgil Enătescu, Elena Silvia Bernad, Vlad Nicoraș, Diana-Aurora Arnautu, Lavinia Hogea

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: epigenetic; coping; stress; affective disorders; DNA methylation; childhood trauma; stressor; depressive disorder; dietary deficiencies

Online: 1 April 2024 (14:54:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1415.v1

The Association between Dietary Protein Intake and Sources and the Rate of Longitudinal Changes in Brain Structure

Fusheng Cui, Huihui Li, Yi Cao, Weijing Wang, Dongfeng Zhang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: dietary protein; animal protein; vegetable protein; sources of protein; brain structure markers; UK Biobank

Online: 25 March 2024 (13:07:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0596.v1

Analyzing the impact of Resistant Starch Formation in Basmati Rice Products: Exploring Associations with Blood Glucose and Lipid Profiles across various cooking and storage conditions

Prabhjot Kaur, Harpreet Kaur, Renuka Aggarwal, Kiran Bains, Amrit Kaur, Lachhman Das Singla, Kuldeep Gupta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: glycemic index; glycemic load; basmati rice; resistant starch; storage temperature; cooking methods; dietary fibre

Online: 14 March 2024 (05:50:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0040.v1

Association Between Planetary Health Diet with Regular Consumption of Breakfast and a Well-Balanced Diet: A Cross-sectional Analysis in Japanese Male Undergraduates

Etsuko Kibayashi, Makiko Nakade

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: Japanese male undergraduates; planetary health diet; eating breakfast; healthy diets; dietary quality; health behaviour

Online: 4 March 2024 (01:26:44 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0485.v1

Eating Disorders and Dietary Supplements: A Review of the Science

Susan J Hewlings PhD, RD

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: eating disorders 1; dietary supplements 2; disordered eating 3; eating disorder risk factors 4

Online: 28 February 2023 (02:16:28 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0516.v1

Plant-Dominant Low-Protein Diet for Conservative Management of Chronic Kidney Disease

Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Shivam Joshi, Rebecca Schlueter, Joanne L. Cooke, Amanda Brown-Tortorici, Meghan Donnelly, Sherry Schulman, Wei Ling Lau, Connie M. Rhee, Elani Streja, Ekamol Tantisattamo, Antoney J. Ferrey, Ramy S. Hanna, Joline L. Chen, Shaista Malik, Danh V. Nguyen, Susan T. Crowley, Csaba P. Kovesdy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Plant-dominant diet; low-protein diet; dietary protein intake; glomerular hyperfiltration; CKD prevention; uremia

Online: 31 May 2020 (21:22:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0080.v1

Animal Source Food Consumption in Young Children from Four Regions of Ethiopia: Association with Religion, Livelihood, and Participation in the Productive Safety Net Program

Kaitlin S. Potts, Afework Mulugeta, Alessandra N. Bazzano

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: child nutrition disorders; animal source foods; diet; food and nutrition; dietary diversity; food assistance

Online: 9 January 2019 (07:49:09 CET)

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Introduction: Child undernutrition remains a challenge globally and in the geographically diverse country of Ethiopia. Improving dietary diversity and consumption of animal source foods are important for improving child nutrition and corresponding health outcomes. Objective: The objective of the study was to identify household and community factors associated with consumption of animal source foods among 6 to 36-month-old children from four regions of Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey using multistage probability sampling in eight geographic zones and four regions of Ethiopia took place in 2015 with parents/caretakers of 6 to 36-month-old children. Data was collected on demographic information, proxy indicators of socioeconomic status, and food consumed by the child the day before the survey. Results: Increased child age, pastoral livelihood, Muslim religion, and participation in the Productive Safety Net Program were associated with increased consumption of animal source foods. Odds of animal source foods consumption increased 8% with each 3-month age increase. Children from pastoralist households were the most likely to have consumed animal source foods in the preceding 24 hours as compared with those in agro-pastoralist households (0.21 times as likely) or those in agriculturalist/farming households (0.15 times as likely). The odds of consumption of animal source foods for families with food aid or safety net support was 1.7 times greater among those receiving traditional support from the Productive Safety Net Program and 4.5 times greater for those in the direct support arm of the program. Conclusions: The findings illustrate the importance of accounting for local context and community characteristics, such as livelihood and religion, when undertaking programming designed to improve diversity of children’s diets through increasing animal source foods. In addition, the Productive Safety Net program may be a critical determinant of dietary diversity for young children in these regions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0070.v1

Differential Effects of Various Soy Isoflavone Extracts on Bacterial Growth and Human Fibroblast Viability

Agata Rzeszótko, Aleksandra Blendowska, Grzegorz Węgrzyn, Karolina Pierzynowska

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: genistein; soy isoflavone extracts; anti-menopausal dietary supplements; bacterial growth; viability of human cells

Online: 13 April 2017 (05:33:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0787.v1

Latent Class Analysis: A Data Discovery Approach for Exploring Dietary Intake Patterns among Sudanese Children Aged 0 to 2

Gamal Saad Mohamed Khamis, Zakaryia M. S. Mohammed, Mohyaldein Salih, Ali Sati, Abaker A. Hassaballa, Asharaf F. A. Mahmoud, Omer M.A. Hamed, Faroug A. Abdalla, Elzain A. Gumma, Ahmad M. A. Adam

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Latent Class Analysis; BIC; AIC; CAIC; SABIC; Machine Learning; dietary patterns; Sociodemographic Factors; Public Health

Online: 12 June 2024 (11:23:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1820.v1

Intermittent Fasting: Myths, Fakes and Truth on this Dietary Regimen Approach

Simone Brogi, Rita Tabanelli, Sara Puca, Vincenzo Calderone

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: intermittent fasting (IF); alternate day fasting (ADF); time-restricted feeding (TRF); obesity; dietary regimen ;

Online: 28 May 2024 (10:08:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0726.v1

Application of Carbon Fiber Microelectrode as a Sensor for Apocynin Electroanalysis

Slawomir Michalkiewicz, Agata Skorupa, Magdalena Jakubczyk, Karolina Bębacz

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electrochemistry Keywords: apocynin, carbon fiber microelectrode, electrochemical properties, determination, voltammetry, acetic acid, acetonitrile, herbal extracts, dietary supplements

Online: 12 March 2024 (15:27:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0883.v1

Associations among Food Systems, Food Environments, Food Choices, Food Security and Nutrition Transition in Adults in Limpopo Province, South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vhushavhelo Nedzingahe, Betrand Ayuk Tambe, Mthokozisi Kwazi Zuma, Xikombiso Gertrude Mbhenyane

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: Food environments; Food systems; Food security; Dietary intake; Nutritional status; Nutrition transition; Household; South Africa

Online: 12 May 2023 (04:56:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0205.v1

Daily Intake Estimation for Young Children’s Ingestion of Residential Dust and Soils Contaminated with Chlorpyrifos and Cypermethrin in Taiwan

Ya-Qing Yang, Lih-Ming Yiin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: chlorpyrifos; cypermethrin; daily intake; home environment; Monte Carlo simulation; non-dietary ingestion; SHEDS model; Taiwan

Online: 15 May 2018 (06:30:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0081.v1

Validity of Dietary Assessment in Athletes: A Systematic Review

Louise Capling, Kathryn L. Beck, Janelle A. Gifford, Gary Slater, Victoria M. Flood, Helen O'Connor

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: dietary assessment; food record; FFQ; biomarker; doubly labeled water; energy intake; validity; athletes; sports nutrition

Online: 12 October 2017 (09:43:35 CEST)

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Dietary assessment methods recognized as appropriate for the general population are usually applied in a similar manner to athletes, despite knowledge that sport-specific factors can complicate assessment and impact accuracy in unique ways. As dietary assessment methods are used extensively within the field of sports nutrition, there is concern the validity of methodologies have not undergone more rigorous evaluation in this unique population sub-group. The purpose was to systematically review studies comparing two or more methods of dietary assessment, including dietary intake measured against biomarkers or reference measures of energy expenditure, in athletes. Six electronic databases were searched for English-language, full-text articles published from January 1980 until June 2016. The search strategy combined the following keywords: diet, nutrition assessment, athlete and validity; where the following outcomes are reported but not limited to: energy intake, macro and/or micronutrient intake, food intake, nutritional adequacy, diet quality, or nutritional status. Meta-analysis was performed on studies with sufficient methodological similarity, with between-group standardized mean differences (or effect size) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) calculated. Of the 1624 studies identified, 18 were eligible for inclusion. Studies comparing self-reported energy intake (EI) to energy expenditure assessed via doubly labelled water were grouped for comparison (n=11) and demonstrated mean EI was under-estimated by 19 % (- 2793 ± 1134 kJ/d). Meta-analysis revealed a large pooled effect size of - 1.006 (95% CI: -1.3 to -0.7; p<0.001). The remaining studies (n=7) compared a new dietary tool or instrument to a reference method(s) (e.g. food record, 24-h dietary recall, biomarker) as part of a validation study. This systematic review revealed there are limited robust studies evaluating dietary assessment methods in athletes. Existing literature demonstrates substantial variability between methods, with under and misreporting of intake frequently observed. There is a clear need for careful validation of dietary assessment methods, including emerging technical innovations, among athlete populations.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1317.v1

Sex-Specific Variation in Metabolic Responses to Diet

Reya R. Andrews, Jean L. Fry

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: sexual dimorphism; dietary patterns; metabolic health; type 2 diabetes; insulin; glucose tolerance; body composition; cardiometabolic; sex difference; dietsexual dimorphism; dietary patterns; metabolic health; type 2 diabetes; insulin; glucose tolerance; body composition; cardiometabolic; sex difference; diet

Online: 16 July 2024 (10:01:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1606.v1

Dietary Vitamin D Intake in Premenopausal Moroccan Women: Food Sources, Socio-Demographic Determinants and Correlation with 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels

Noura Zouine, Ilham Lhilali, Lode Godderis, Adil El Midaoui, Samir El Jaafari, Younes Zegzouti Filali

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: dietary intake; food sources; food fortification; sociodemographic; serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D; sun exposure; BMI; premenopausal women

Online: 20 September 2024 (09:32:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1309.v1

Emerging Trends in Flavonoid Research: Advances in Understanding and Applications

Shashank Tiwari, Shreya Talreja

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: Flavonoids; phytochemicals; antioxidants; anti-inflammatory; anticancer; cardiovascular health; neuroprotection; antimicrobial; dietary sources; metabolism; bioavailability; therapeutic potential

Online: 18 September 2024 (04:44:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1864.v1

Mediterranean Diet in the Era of Climate Change: A Reference Diet for Human and Planetary Health

Chrysi C. Koliaki, Nicholas L. Katsilambros, Charilaos Dimosthenopoulos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Mediterranean diet; plant-based dietary patterns; climate change; sustainability; sustainable food systems; environment; greenhouse gas emissions

Online: 24 July 2024 (16:49:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1638.v1

Short-chain Fatty Acids and Human Health: from Metabolic Pathways to Current Therapeutic Implication

Sonia Facchin, Luisa Bertin, Erica Bonazzi, Greta Lorenzon, Caterina De Barba, Brigida Barberio, Fabiana Zingone, Daria Maniero, Marco Scarpa, Cesare Ruffolo, Imerio Angriman, Edoardo V. Savarino

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: intestinal microbiota; short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs); dietary fiber fermentation; gastrointestinal and metabolic health; therapeutic implication

Online: 27 March 2024 (06:39:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1808.v1

Accounting for the Evolution of Sedentarism in Food Security Assessment

Jacob Michels, John C. Beghin

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: sedentary behavior; leisure; food security; physical activity level (PAL); minimum dietary energy requirement (MDER); transfer function

Online: 27 October 2023 (13:19:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0271.v1

The Dietary Total-Fat Content Affects the In Vivo Circulating C15:0 and C17:0 Fatty Acid Concentrations Independently to the Dietary Fatty Acid Compositions; Highlighting Dietary Routes that may Attenuate the Development of Metabolic Disease

Benjamin Jenkins, Manar Aoun, Christine Feillet-Coudray, Charles Coudray, Martin Ronis, Albert Koulman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Biomarkers; dietary total fat; pentadecanoic acid; 15:0; heptadecanoic acid; 17:0; odd chain fatty acids.

Online: 15 September 2018 (17:49:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0164.v1

A Combination of Coffee Compounds Shows Insulin-Sensitizing and Hepatoprotective Effects in a Rat Model of Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome

Pedram Shokouh, Per Bendix Jeppesen, Kjeld Hermansen, Natalja Nørskov, Christoffer Laustsen, Stephen Jacques Hamilton-Dutoit, Haiyun Qi, Hans Stødkilde-Jørgensen, Søren Gregersen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: coffee; dietary supplements; metabolic syndrome X; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; adiponectin; hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Online: 27 October 2017 (02:32:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202410.1884.v1

Review of Relationships Between Human Gut Microbiome, Diet and Obesity

Ondřej Patloka, Tomáš Komprda, Gabriela Franke

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: secondary bile acids; short-chain fatty acids; butyrate; dietary fiber; resistant starch; intestinal barrier function; immune homeostasis

Online: 24 October 2024 (10:13:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0492.v1

High-Resolution Melting Analysis Potential for Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii Authentication in Probiotic-Enriched Food Matrices

Monika Borkowska, Michał Kułakowski, Kamila Myszka

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii; identification; probiotic; dietary supplement; probiotic-enriched food; qPCR-HRM

Online: 6 September 2024 (03:41:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0066.v1

Nutritional Assessment, Body Composition and Low Energy Availability in Sport Climbing Athletes of Different Genders and Categories: A Cross-Sectional Study

Agustin Mora-Fernandez, Andrea Argüello-Arbe, Andrea Tojeiro-Iglesias, Jose Antonio Latorre, Javier Conde-Pipó, Miguel Mariscal-Arcas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: nutrition assessment; sport climbing; bouldering; rock climbing; low energy availability; dietary intake; relative energy deficiency in sport

Online: 2 August 2024 (03:58:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1733.v1

Nutritional Barriers to the Adherence of the Mediterranean Diet in Non-mediterranean Populations

Tobili Y. Sam-Yellowe

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Mediterranean diet; dietary pattern; obesity; food barriers; nutrition education; public health nutrition; food insecurity; racial/ethnic minorities

Online: 26 April 2024 (09:47:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1087.v1

Calcium Intake and Cardiovascular Disease in Korean Postmenopausal Women

Jae Kyung Lee, Thi Minh Chau Tran, Euna Choi, Jinkyung Baek, Hae-Rim Kim, Hee Yon Kim, Bo Hyon Yun, Seok Kyo Seo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Menopause; Cardiovascular diseases; Dietary calcium intake; Cross-sectional study; Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)

Online: 19 March 2024 (08:06:29 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1547.v1

Efficacy of Mitochondrial-Based Interventions in the Management of Clinical Depression—A Systematic Review

Joshua Sauren, David Hoehfeld, Leif Gerrit Keferstein

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: depression; mental health; interventions; hyperbaric oxygen therapy; cryotherapy; dietary patterns; fasting; light therapy; probiotics; exercise; metabolic markers

Online: 22 September 2023 (10:18:19 CEST)

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Background: Depression, a multifaceted mental health condition, necessitates a multidimensional approach to treatment. This study aimed to elucidate the potential efficacy of various mitochondrial interventions, ranging from pharmacological treatments to lifestyle modifications, in alleviating depressive symptoms and enhancing overall mental well-being and assess the diverse range of mitochondrial assessments for managing depression by synthesizing findings from selected studies. Methods: A systematic compilation of studies, employing observational, interventional, and animal-based designs, was undertaken to elucidate the intricate relationship between mitochondrial function and depression as well as depressive signs and symptoms. The PRISMA guidelines were employed for conducting this review and a specific set of selection criterion were formulated by a team of reviewers for selection of relevant papers. Results: The synthesized results from the 21 selected papers highlighted the potential of these interventions to target diverse aspects of depression. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and psychotherapy demonstrated significant reductions in depression and anxiety scores, with hyperbaric oxygen therapy particularly effective in improving nerve function and daily living activities. Whole-body cryotherapy displayed substantial improvements in depressive symptoms and quality of life. Frequent sauna bathing exhibited a lower risk of depressive symptoms in males. Dietary patterns, including Paleolithic and Mediterranean diets, showcased potential protective effects against depression, anxiety, and stress. The ketogenic diet revealed promise in ameliorating depression and psychosis symptoms alongside positive metabolic changes. Fasting interventions, though challenging, were associated with lower anxiety and depression levels without increased fatigue. Bright white light therapy enhanced remission rates and reduced depression scores in bipolar depression. Probiotic supplementation exhibited potential in reducing depression scores and improving metabolic markers, although further investigation is warranted. Conclusion: The diverse array of interventions explored in this study underlines the multifaceted nature of depression treatment. While these findings offer hope for more personalized and effective approaches, it is imperative to consider the variability in study designs, sample sizes, and methodologies among the selected papers. The mechanisms underlying the observed effects remain partially understood, emphasizing the need for continued mechanistic research. This study sets the stage for future investigations and clinical practices, showcasing the potential of various interventions in mitigating the challenges posed by depression and paving the way for more effective treatment strategies.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1773.v1

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome: A Prospective Study on Cardiovascular Health

Marius Rus, Simina Crisan, Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioara, Mirela Indries, Paula Marian, Oana Lilliana Pobirci, Adriana Ioana Ardelean

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: metabolic syndrome; rising prevalence; cardiovascular disease; risk factors; obesity; high blood pressure; dietary habits; preventive strategies; management

Online: 25 August 2023 (05:01:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2218.v1

Insight into the Potential Mechanisms of Endocrine Disruption by Dietary Phytoestrogens in the Context of the Etiopathogenesis of Endometriosis

Dariusz Szukiewicz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: endocrine disruption; phytoestrogens; endometriosis; endocrine disrupting chemicals; etiopathogenesis of endometriosis; ectopic endometrium; dietary phytoestrogen intake; epigenetic factors

Online: 30 June 2023 (12:23:12 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0279.v1

Effects of Dietary Fatty Acids on Gene Expression and Biological Processes in Different Tissues of Pigs: A Review

Simara Larissa Fanalli, Bruna Pereira Martins da Silva, Bruna Petry, Miguel Henrique de Almeida Santana, Guilherme Henrique Gebim Polizel, Robson Carlos Antunes, Vivian Vezzoni de Almeida, Gabriel Costa Monteiro Moreira, Albino Luchiari Filho, Luiz Lehmann Coutinho, Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro, James Mark Reecy, James Koltes, Dawn Koltes, Aline Silva Mello Cesar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: animal model; dietary components; feeding strategy; gene expression; lipid profile; nutrients; nutrigenomic; physiological processes; signaling pathways; transcription.

Online: 16 November 2021 (09:07:22 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0199.v1

Concentrations of PCDD/Fs in Human Blood: A Review of Data from the Current Decade

Montse Marquès, Jose L Domingo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs); polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDFs); human exposure; blood samples; dietary intake; risks

Online: 20 August 2019 (04:20:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0229.v1

The Interplay between Vitamin D Deficiency, Iron Status, and Anemia Risk in Moroccan Women of Reproductive Age: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Noura Zouine, Ilham Lhilali, Lode Godderis, Adil El Midaoui, Samir El Jaafari, Younes Filali-Zegzouti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Vitamin D; Vitamin D deficiency; iron deficiency; iron deficiency anemia; anemia; erythropoiesis; dietary intake; women of reproductive age

Online: 3 September 2024 (14:37:12 CEST)

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Vitamin D and iron deficiencies are the most prevalent micronutrient deficiencies among women of reproductive age (WRA) in Morocco. Recent studies suggest that Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) may reduce iron bioavailability necessary for erythropoiesis, potentially leading to iron deficiency (ID) and anemia. This study investigates the association between vitamin D status, iron levels, and anemia risk among Moroccan WRA aged 18-49 years. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 463 participants. Serum levels of 25(OH)D, blood count parameters, iron, ferritin, C-reactive protein, and creatinine were measured. Lifestyle factors, including dietary intake, sun exposure, and physical activity, were evaluated using validated questionnaires, and anthropometric data were collected. Linear and logistic regression models assessed the relationships between variables, while Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis evaluated the predictive accuracy of VDD for ID and anemia. VDD (25(OH)D < 20 ng/ml) was significantly associated with lower levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cells, and ferritin (all p < 0.01), suggesting a role of vitamin D in erythropoiesis and iron storage. Multivariate logistic regression showed that VDD increased the risk of anemia (OR: 7.17, 95% CI: 3.19-19.28, p < 0.001), ID (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.32-3.77, p = 0.007), and IDA (OR: 4.10, 95% CI: 1.73-12.08, p = 0.004). Dietary iron intake was inadequate among all participants, with minimal protective effect against anemia and ID (β(SE): -0.08(0.03), p = 0.030 and β(SE): -0.05(0.02), p=0.037 respectively). ROC analysis demonstrated moderate discriminative power for VDD in diagnosing IDA and anemia (AUC: 0.643 and 0.603) but reduced accuracy for ID (AUC: 0.575). This study identifies VDD as a significant risk factor for impaired iron status and anemia among Moroccan WRA, underscoring the need for targeted nutritional interventions and further research to explore effective prevention strategies.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0788.v1

The Lipid-Heart Hypothesis and the Keys Equation Defined the Dietary Guidelines but Ignored the Impact of Trans-fat and High Linoleic Acid Consumption

Mary T Newport, Fabian M Dayrit

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords:

lipid-heart hypothesis; Ancel Keys; saturated fat; trans-fat; polyunsaturated fat; cholesterol; heart disease; dietary guidelines

Online: 11 April 2024 (10:20:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1418.v1

Trends in Mercury Contamination Distribution among Human and Animal Populations in the Amazon

Irvin Martoredjo, Lenize Batista Calvão Santos, Jéssica Caroline Evangelista Vilhena, Alex Bruno Lobato Rodrigues, Andréia de Almeida, Carlos José Sousa Passos, Alexandro Cezar Florentino

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: Human Health Risks; Environmental Impact; Mining Impact; Spatial Distribution; Aquatic Ecosystems; Riverside Communities; Ecotoxicology; Ecoregion; Biosphere; Dietary Habits

Online: 26 February 2024 (11:56:35 CET)

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