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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0046.v1

The Discrepancy in Galaxy Rotation Curves

Roy Gomel, Tomer Zimmerman

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: dark matter; reference frames; galaxies

Online: 5 August 2019 (05:08:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0335.v1

An Alternative to Dark Matter?A Cosmological Model of Galaxy Rotation Using Cosmological Gravity Force, F_Λ (ALW)

Jean Perron

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmological parameters numerical values; cosmology early universe; galaxies kinematic and dynamic; galaxies Coma cluster; galaxies evolution

Online: 28 May 2019 (11:00:50 CEST)

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A cosmological model was developed using the equation of state of photon gas, as well as cosmic time. The primary objective of this model is to see if determining the observed rotation speed of galactic matter is possible, without using dark matter (halo) as a parameter. To do so, a numerical application of the evolution of variables in accordance with cosmic time and a new state equation was developed to determine precise, realistic values for a number of cosmological parameters, such as energy of the universe , cosmological constant Λ, curvature of space k, energy density , age of the universe etc. Some assumptions were put forth in order to solve these equations. The current version of the model partially explains several of the observed phenomena that raise questions. Numerical application of the model has yielded the following results, among others: Initially, during the Planck era, at the very beginning of Planck time, , the universe contained a single photon at Planck temperature Planck energy in the Planck volume. During the photon inflation phase (before characteristic time ~10^-9 ), the number of original photons (alphatons) increased at each unit of Planck time and geometrical progression ~n³, where n is the quotient of cosmic time over Planck time . Then, the primordial number of photons reached a maximum of N~10⁸⁹, where it remained constant. It's primordial photons (alphatons) are still present today and represents the essential of the energy contained in the universe via the cosmological constante . Such geometric growth in the number of photons can bring a solution to the horizon problem through exchange and a photon energy volume that is in phase with that of the the volume energy of the universe. The age of the universe in cosmic time that is in line with positive energy conservation (in terms of conventional thermodynamics) and the creation of proton, neutron, electron, and neutrino masses, is ~76 [Gy] (observed . The predicted total mass (p, n, e and n), based on the Maxwell-Juttner relativistic statistical distribution, is ~7x10⁵⁰ . The predicted cosmic neutrino mass is ≤ 8.69x10^-32 (≤ 48.7 ) if based on observations of SN1987A. The temperature variation of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), as measured by Planck, can be said to be partially due to energy variations in the universe (DU/U) during the primordial baryon synthesis (energy jump from the creation of protons and neutrons). In this model, what is usually referred to as dark energy actually corresponds to the energy of the universe that has not been converted to mass, and which acts on the mass created by the energy-mass equivalence principle and the cosmological gravity field, , associated with the cosmological constant, which is high during primordial formation of the galaxies (<1 [Gy]). A look at the Casimir effect makes it possible to estimate a minimum Casimir pressure and thus determine our possible relative position in the universe at cosmic time 0,1813 (t₀/t_W=13,8 /76,1 ). Therefore, from the observed age of 13,8 [Gy], we can derive a possible cosmic age of 76,1 [Gy]. That energy of the universe, when taken into consideration during the formation of the first galaxies (< 1 [Gy]), provides a relatively adequate explanation of the non-Keplerian rotation of galactic masses. Indeed, such residual, non-baryonic energy, when considered in Newton’s gravity equation, adds the term , which can partially explain, without recourse to dark matter, the rotations of some galaxies, such as M33, UGC12591, UGC2885, NGC3198, NGC253, DDO161, UDG44, the MW and the Coma cluster. Today, in the MW, that cosmological gravity force is in the order of 10²⁶ times smaller than the conventional gravity force. The model predicts an acceleration of the mass in the universe (q~ 0,986); the energy associated with curvature is the driving force behind the expansion of the universe, rather than the energy associated with the cosmological constant . An equation to determine expansion is obtained using the energy form of the Friedmann equation relative to Planck power and cosmic time or Planck force acting at the frontier of the universe moving at c. This constant Planck force, from unknown sources, acts everywhere to the expansion of the universe as a stretching effect on the volume. Finally, the model partly explains the value a₀ of the MOND theory. Indeed, a₀ is not a true constant, but depends on the cosmological constant at the time the great structures were formed (~1 [Gy]), as well as an adjustment of the typical mass and dimension of those great structures, such as galaxies. The constant a₀is a different expression of the cosmological gravity force as expressed by the cosmological constant, Λ, acting through the energy-mass equivalent during the formation of the structures. It does not put in question the value of G.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0036.v1

The Classifications and Some Correlations for Fermi Blazars

Junhui Fan, Y Liu, J.H. Yang, C Lin, J.M. Hao

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; galaxies: nuclei

Online: 15 July 2016 (09:37:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0147.v2

Modelling the Rising Tails of Galaxy Rotation Curves

Fan Zhang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Dark matter; galaxies; gravitation; rotation curves; galaxy rotation period

Online: 29 January 2019 (09:24:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0973.v2

The Andromeda Galaxy and its Star Formation History

Denis Leahy

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: spiral galaxies; star formation; galactic structure; galaxy formation

Online: 19 May 2023 (07:24:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0174.v1

A Critical Examination of the Standard Cosmological Model: Toward a Modified Framework for Explaining Cosmic Structure Formation and Evolution

Robert Nyagisera, Dismas Simiyu Wamalwa, Benard Rapando, Celine Awino, Maxwell Mageto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Modified redshift; Friedmann; Number density; Light intensity; Galaxies

Online: 3 January 2024 (09:03:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0040.v1

A panchromatic view of relativistic jets in narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies

Filippo D'Ammando, Monica Orienti, Justin Finke, Josefin Larsson, Marcello Giroletti, Claudia M. Raiteri

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: nuclei; galaxies: jets; galaxies: Seyfert; gamma-rays: general

Online: 15 July 2016 (11:29:08 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Features of Structure and Absorption in the Jet-launching Region of M87

Wei Zhao, Xiaoyu Hong, Tao An, Xiaofeng Li, Xiaopeng Cheng, Fang Wu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: individual (m87); galaxies: jets; galaxies: active; radio continuum: galaxies

Online: 1 October 2019 (16:01:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0363.v1

High–Redshift Quasars at z

z \geq 3

Yulia Sotnikova, Alexander Mikhailov, Timur Mufakharov, Tao An, Dmitry Kudryavtsev, Marat Mingaliev, Roman Udovitskiy, Anastasia Kudryashova, Vlad Stolyarov, Tamara Semenova

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; active; galaxies; high-redshift; quasars; general; radio continuum; galaxies

Online: 4 April 2024 (10:08:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0323.v6

The Morphology of the Active Galactic Nucleus and its Impact on Accretion Flows and Relativistic Jets

Mohammed Al-Fadhli

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Relativistic Jets; Conformal Space-time Background.

Online: 12 January 2023 (13:50:25 CET)

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The G2 gas cloud motion data and the scarcity of observations on the event horizon-scale distances have challenged the comprehensiveness of the central supermassive black hole model. In addition, the Planck Legacy 2018 release has preferred a positively curved early Universe with a confidence level higher than 99%. This study investigates the impact of the background curvature and its evolution over the conformal time on the formation and morphological evolution of central compact objects and the consequent effect on their host galaxies. The formation of a galaxy from the collapse of a supermassive gas cloud in the early Universe is modeled based on interaction field equations as a 4D relativistic cloud-world that flows and spins through a 4D conformal bulk of a primordial positive curvature considering the preference of the Planck release. Owing to the curved background, this scenario of galaxy formation reveals that the core of the galaxy undergoes a forced vortex formation with a central event horizon leading to opposite vortices (traversable wormholes) that spatially shrink while evolving in the conformal time. It indicates that the galaxy and its core are formed in the same process whereas the surrounding gas clouds form the spiral arms due to the frame-dragging induced by the fast-rotating core. It demonstrates that the accretion flow onto the central supermassive compact object only occurs at the central event horizon of the two opposite vortices while their other ends eject the relativistic jets. This can elucidate the relativistic jet formation and explain the G2 gas cloud motion if its orbit is around one of the vortices but at a distance from the central event horizon. The gravitational potential of the early curved bulk could contribute to galaxy formation while the present spatial flatness deprives the potential of bulk which could lead to galaxy quenching. The formation of a galaxy and its core simultaneously could explain the growth of the supermassive compact galaxy core to a mass of ~10⁹ M_⊙ at just 6% of the current Universe age.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0201.v2

Spiral Arm Formation of Galaxies Through ROTASE Mechanism Is Perfectly Demonstrated by Falling Rockets Venting Fuel

Hongjun Pan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Spiral arms; Spiral galaxies; X-matter; Black holes; Galaxy evolution; Spirals by rockets

Online: 30 June 2023 (11:38:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0025.v1

Broad Band Observations Of Gravitationally Lensed Blazar QSO B0218+357 During A Gamma-Ray Outburst

Julian Sitarek, Josefa Becerra González, Sara Buson, Dijana Dominis Prester, Marina Manganaro, Daniel Mazin, Kari Nilsson, Mireia Nievas, Antonio Stamerra, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Ievgen Vovk

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Gamma rays: galaxies; Gravitational lensing: strong; Galaxies: jets; Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; Galaxies: individual: QSO B0218+357

Online: 13 July 2016 (05:36:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0008.v1

Spectral and Polarization Signatures of Relativistic Shocks in Blazars

Markus Boettcher

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: active galaxies; blazars; jets; polarization; shock acceleration

Online: 8 July 2016 (03:03:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0092.v1

The Alignment of Galaxies in Structures – Review

Włodzimierz Godłowski

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: orientation of galaxies; galaxies clusters; morphological types of galaxies

Online: 1 November 2023 (12:17:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0284.v1

Galaxy Number Counts from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

John Herbert Marr

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: number counts; galaxies: evolution

Online: 15 December 2022 (14:53:09 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0402.v1

Jim Henry, Mesut Yurukcu, George Nnanna

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Universe; galaxies; Milky Way Galaxy; spiral galaxies; hurricanes; pattern.

Online: 27 October 2021 (11:49:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0284.v1

A Walk Through Agn Country—For the Somewhat Initiated!

Robert R. J. Antonucci

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies; galaxies: active

Online: 5 July 2023 (11:09:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0437.v1

Remarkable Spiral Galaxies in Dark Energy Survey Data Release 2

Michael J Longo

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Galaxies; anomalies; dark matter; colliding galaxies

Online: 16 April 2021 (11:05:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0877.v1

Investigating Possible Correlations Between Gamma-Ray and Optical Lightcurves for TeV-Detected Northern Blazars Over 8 Years of Observations

Atreya Acharyya, Alberto Sadun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: BL Lacertae objects; general – galaxies; active – galaxies; jets – quasars; general

Online: 13 June 2023 (04:56:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0339.v1

A Crucial Role of Proteolysis in Formation of Intracellular Dinitrosyl Iron Complexes

Karolina E. Wójciuk, Jarosław Sadło, Hanna Lewandowska, Marcin Kruszewski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: K562 cells; electron paramagnetic resonance; nitric oxide; reactive nitrogen species; dinitrosyl iron complexes; chelatable iron; glutathione

Online: 6 February 2024 (13:33:11 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0070.v1

Feeding and Pore Formation in Semisolid Metal Casting

Anders E. W. Jarfors, Qing Zhang, and Stefan Jonsson

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Semisolid casting; porosity, hydrogen, shrinkage, feeding; stirring; degassing

Online: 5 October 2020 (11:03:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0065.v1

Synthesis of Reusable Silica Nanosphere-Supported Pt(IV) Complex for Formation of Disulfide Bonds in Peptides

Xiaonan Hou, Xiaowei Zhao, Yamei Zhang, Aiying Han, Shuying Huo, Shigang Shen

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: monodisperse silica nanospheres; supported platinum(IV) complex; peptide; intramolecular disulfide; reusability

Online: 12 December 2016 (17:54:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0440.v1

Partial Substitution of Chemical N with Solid Cow Manure Improved Soil Ecological Indicators and Crop Yield in a Wheat-Rice Rotation System

Jintao Yu, Chun Zhang, Xuan Wang, Hongchuan Li, Yusef Kianpoor Kalkhajeh, Hongxiang Hu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: conventional fertilization; solid cow manure; crop quality; soil nutrients; ecological risk

Online: 7 March 2024 (13:10:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0544.v1

Accelerated Frames and Galactic Rotation Curves

Sergio C. Ulhoa, Fernando L. Carneiro

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: accelerated frames; galactic rotation curve; dark matter

Online: 31 August 2018 (10:00:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0047.v1

Dietary Sugars and Endogenous Formation of Advanced Glycation Endproducts: Emerging Mechanisms of Disease

Manuela Aragno, Raffaella Mastrocola

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: advanced glycation end products; fructose; glucose; lipogenesis; sphingolipids; NLRP3; Nrf2; mitochondrial dysfunction; oxidative stress

Online: 14 February 2017 (08:38:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0077.v1

Efficient Self-Rotation Perception

Andrew Duggins

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: special relativity; efficient coding hypothesis; temporal order judgement; circular vection; vestibulo-ocular reflex; time perception; Lorentz transformation; accelerated reference frame; equivalence principle; optimization of perception

Online: 6 February 2020 (03:08:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0535.v1

Evidence-Based Cosmology and Galactic Rotation Curves

Srecko Šorli

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: evidence-based cosmology; rotating superfluid space; galactic rotation curves

Online: 31 March 2023 (03:07:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0166.v1

Vorticity and Micro-Rotation in Micropolar Flows

Paulo Zingano, César Niche, Cilon Perusato, Wilberclay Melo, Robert Guterres

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: incompressible micropolar ﬂows; vorticity and micro-rotation; dissipative systems; monotonicity method; upper and lower estimates

Online: 12 July 2022 (04:03:22 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Flat Space Cosmology with Rotation and Expansion

Satya Seshavatharam U.V, Eugene Terry Tatum, S Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Flat space cosmology; dark matter; visible matter; galactic radii; galactic angular velocity; cosmic angular velocity

Online: 8 February 2021 (10:19:27 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0455.v1

Biofilm Formation on Hybrid, Resin–Based CAD/CAM Materials for Indirect Restorations: A Comprehensive Review

Konstantinos Tzimas, Christos Rahiotis, Eftychia Pappa

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: CAD/CAM; biofilm; resin-based biomaterials; dental materials

Online: 8 March 2024 (03:54:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0051.v1

Search for QPOs in the Light Curve of the Blazar OJ287: Preliminary Results from 2015/16 Observing Campaign

S. Zola, M. Valtonen, G. Bhatta, A. Goyal, B. Debski, A. Baran, J. Krzesinski, M. Siwak, S. Ciprini, A. Gopakumar, H. Jermak, K. Nilsson, D. Reichart, K. Matsumoto, K. Sadakane, K. Gazeas, M. Kidger, V. Piirola, F. Alicavus, K.S. Baliyan, A. Berdyugin, D. Boyd, M. Campas Torrent, F. Campos, J. Carrillo Gomez, D.B. Caton, V. Chavushyan, J. Dalessio, D. Dimitrov, M. Drozdz, A. Erdem, A. Escartin Perez, V. Fallah Ramazani, A.V. Filippenko, F. Garcia, F. Gomez Pinilla, M. Gopinathan, J.B. Haislip, J. Harmanen, G. Hurst, K.M. Ivarsen, M. Jelinek, A. Joshi, M. Kagitani, N. Kaur, N. Karaman, W.C. Keel, A.P. LaCluyze, B.C. Lee, E. Lindfors, J. Lozano De Haro, J.P. Moore, R. Naves Nogues, A.W. Neely, R.H. Nelson, W. Ogloza, S. Okano, J.C. Pandey, M. Perri, P. Pihajoki, G. Poyner, J. Provencal, T. Pursimo, A. Raj, R. Reinthal, S. Sadegi, T. Sakanoi, J.-L. Salto Gonzales, T. Schweyer, F.C. Soldan Alfaro, E. Sonbas, I. Steele, J.T. Stocke, J. Strobl, L.O. Takalo, T. Tomov, L. Tremosa Espasa, J.R. Valdes, J. Valero Perez, F. Verrecchia, J.R. Webb, M. Yoneda, M. Zejmo, W. Zheng, J. Telting, J. Saario, T. Reynolds, A. Kvammen, E. Gafton, R. Karjalainen, P. Blay

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: active; BL Lacertae objects: individual (OJ 287); super massive black holes

Online: 18 July 2016 (10:46:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0400.v1

p62, the Receptor for Selective Autophagy, Contributes in ATXN3 Aggregate Formation in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3

Anna J. Zimmer, Carola Bahl, Jule M Schäfer, Jonasz Jeremiasz Weber, Olaf Riess, Jeannette Hübener-Schmid

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3; ataxin-3; p62/sequestosome-1; autophagy; autophagy impairment; co-localized aggregation

Online: 7 March 2024 (08:06:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0129.v1

How Are Red and Blue Quasars Different? The Radio Properties

Victoria Anne Fawcett, David Alexander, David Rosario, Lizelke Klindt

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Quasars; Galaxies; Radio; Supermassive Black-Holes

Online: 8 October 2021 (09:12:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0823.v1

Hubble Diagram Test of SN1a Supernovae and High Redshift Gamma Ray Bursts: Data Analysis of the Log(z)/µ, ln(z+1)/T(d) and Linear Photon Flight Time T/(z+1) Scales. – Comparison of Observational Data with Model Calculations.

Laszlo Marosi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; distances and redshifts - galaxies; high-redshift - stars; gamma ray burst; general - cosmology; cosmological parameters

Online: 13 November 2023 (12:18:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0228.v1

Droplet Formation and Energy Input during Induction Wire Melting with Pulsed and Constant Generator Power

Jonas Kimme, Jonas Gruner, André Hälsig, Jonas Hensel

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: additive manufacturing; directed energy deposition; 3D printing; induction heating; calorimetry; mild steel; wire feedstock; pulsed power; process monitoring

Online: 5 March 2024 (06:33:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0370.v1

Lorentz Symmetry Group, Retardation, and Galactic Rotation Curves

Asher Yahalom

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: spacetime symmetry; Relativity of space-time; Lorentz Symmetry Group; retardation; Galactic Rotation Curves

Online: 29 December 2019 (04:57:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1753.v1

Si-Wu-Tang Promotes Cell Proliferation and Osteogenic Gene Expression during Osteoblastogenesis Yet Dampens the Formation of Osteoclast

Shuenn-Yun Wu, Yu-Hsu Chen, Ming‑Te Cheng, Yu-Pao Hsu, Ying-Chou Hsieh, Ching‑Hsiao Yu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Complementary And Alternative Medicine Keywords: Si-Wu-Tang; bone formation; bone resorption; osteoblastogenesis; osteoclastogenesis

Online: 29 February 2024 (14:09:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0700.v1

Waste Glycerol in the Biosynthesis of Liquid Fuels and Other Value-Added Products – a Review

Joanna Kazimierowicz, Marcin Dębowski, Marcin Zieliński, Sandra Mlonek, Jordi Cruz Sanchez

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: waste glycerol; glycerol for liquid fuels; glycerol for value-added products; valorisation of glycerol; bibliographic analysis

Online: 13 March 2024 (07:09:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0099.v1

Band Gap Tuning in 2D Layered Materials by Angular Rotation

Javier Polanco-González, Jesús Alfredo Carranco-Rodríguez, José Luis Enríquez-Carrejo, Pierre Giovanni Mani-González, José Manuel Domínguez-Esquivel, Manuel Ramos

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Moiré patterns; MoS2; Graphene; WS2; WSe2; HRTEM

Online: 24 October 2016 (05:03:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0518.v1

Effects of Higher Order Retarded Gravity

Asher Yahalom

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Galaxies; rotation curves; gravitational retardation

Online: 21 May 2021 (10:00:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0275.v1

The Impact of Nature-Based Outdoor Learning Landscape on STEAM Concept Formation of Preschoolers: A Scoping Review

Nazia Afrin Trina, Muntazar Monsur, Nilda Cosco, Stephanie Shine, Leehu Loon, Ann Mastergeorge

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: Preschooler; STEAM Concept; Landscape Elements; Informal Learning; Affordances

Online: 5 April 2024 (03:26:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0455.v1

Internal Rotation Measurement of the Knee Joint with Capacitive Strain Gauges Compared to Conventional Mechanical Rotation Measurement

Hermann O. Mayr, Nikolaus Rosenstiel, Karthika S. Prakash, Laura Maria Comella, Peter Woias, Hagen Schmal, Michael Seidenstuecker

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: laxitx measuremenrt knee; straingauges; anterolateral ligament knee; elastic capacitive measuring system

Online: 9 October 2023 (04:34:47 CEST)

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Introduction and Problem: With conventional mechanical rotation measurement of joints, only static measurements are possible with the patient at rest. In the future, however, it would be interesting to carry out dynamic rotation measurements, for example when walking or doing sports. Therefore, a measurement method with an elastic capacitive measuring system was developed and validated. Material and Methods: The measurement system consists of a capacitive strain gauge connected to a flexible printed circuit board. The electronics on the printed circuit board are used for data acquisition and transmission. When the sensor strip is stretched, the distance between the fingers of the strain gauge changes and with it the capacitance. Consequently, the strain can be measured via the change in capacitance. The measurement system is taped to the knee with the sensor on the skin in the direction of the anterolateral ligament (ALL). The bottom of the sensor (silicone) and the bottom of the circuit board are in contact with the knee surface. The sensor must be attached to the knee without pre-stretching The system is validated with an in vivo test on 11 patients. For this purpose, the internal rotational laxity of the knee was tested on healthy volunteers and the results compared with the measurements on the static measuring device (Laxitester). The subjects are placed in the supine position. First the left and then the right leg is clinically examined one after the other and documented using an examination form. Exclusion criteria are the presence of a pathological ligament findings in the area of the collateral/cruciate ligaments, previous knee operations or limitations in the range of motion. The distal thigh rests on a support bench on which a knee joint flexion of 30° is set by height adjustment. The femoral condyles are secured against rotation in the positioning aid by posts. This also prevents internal rotation and displacement of the thigh. The foot is strapped into the holding device without shoes. The second toe beam is centered using an adjustable side clamp on the medial and lateral edge of the foot. Dorsiflexion is set at 2 Nm with a torque meter, in accordance with previous studies, to rule out rotational laxity in the ankle. The strain gauge sensor is taped to Gerdii’s tubercle in the course of the antero-lateral ligament below the lateral epicondyle of the thigh. Then, in three repeated measurements, the internal rotation of the foot and thus the lower leg is measured with a torque of 2 Nm. The change in length of the stretch mark is compared with the measured internal rotation angle in the static measuring device (Laxitester). Results: A significant difference between the sexes was found in the internal rotation range of the knee (p=0.003). The range of rotation was greater for female participants than for male participants. Regarding the measured length change values, the measurements presented showed an individual result for each participant, which tended to decrease with increasing internal rotation angle, with no age or gender differences being observed. The stiffness of the strain gauge was in the linear range for all measurements, within the first 20% strain of the sensor. The differences determined do not result from a different stretching of the sensor, but from individual differences between the test persons. The comparison between length change and internal rotation angle of the knee showed a strong positive correlation (r=1, p<0.01). Conclusion: Elastic capacitive strain gauges can be used to reliably measure the internal rotation angle of the knee joint. This will allow dynamic measurements in the future.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0145.v2

Rényi Entropy Power Inequalities via Normal Transport and Rotation

Olivier Rioul

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Probability And Statistics Keywords: Rényi entropy; entropy power inequalities; transportation arguments; normal distributions; escort distributions; log-concave distributions

Online: 23 August 2018 (04:24:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0102.v1

Isolation and Characterisation of Probiotics for Antagonising Cariogenic Bacterium Streptococcus mutans and Preventing Biofilm Formation

Pei-Pei Lin, You-Miin Hsieh, Cheng-Chih Tsai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: dental caries; Streptococcus mutans; lactic acid bacteria; biofilm; glucosyltransferases

Online: 24 October 2016 (09:37:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0044.v1

MWL Picture Of The Blazar S5 0716+714 During Its Brightest Outburst

Marina Manganaro, Giovanna Pedaletti, Marlene Doert, Denis Bastieri, Vandad Fallah Ramazani, Dario Gasparrini, Elina Lindfors, Benoit Lott, Mireia Nievas, Bindu Rani, Emmanouil Angelakis, George Borman, Mark Gurwell, Talvikki Hovatta, Ryosuke Itoh, Svetlana Jorstad, Alex Kraus, Thomas P Krichbaum, Paul Kuin, Anne Lahteenmaki, Valeri Larionov, Amy Yarleen Lien, Ioannis Myserlis, David J Thompson, Merja Tornikoski, J Anton Zensus

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: BL-Lacertae objects: individual: S5 0716+714; Galaxies:active; gamma-rays: galaxies

Online: 18 July 2016 (06:02:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0137.v1

Solving the Problems of Dark Energy and the Hubble Constant Using Corrected Hubble’s Law

Askar Abdukadyrov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Galaxies; redshift; Hubble’s law; dark energy; Hubble constant

Online: 10 April 2023 (03:47:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1173.v1

Switching On/Off Amyloid Plaque Formation in Transgenic Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease

Sergey A. Kozin, Olga I. Kechko, Alexei A. Adzhubei, Alexander A. Makarov, And Vladimir A. Mitkevich

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; transgenic animal model; amyloidogenesis; amyloid-beta; peptide; isoaspartate; zinc; α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; aggregation seeding; anti-amyloid drug

Online: 15 December 2023 (12:23:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1276.v1

Multimessenger Studies of One Subclass of Active Galactic Nucleus: Blazar

Yu-Hai Yuan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; blazars; multi-messenger studies; generally

Online: 19 July 2023 (04:15:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0023.v1

Observing---and Imaging---Active Galactic Nuclei with the Event Horizon Telescope

Vincent Fish, Kazunori Akiyama, Katherine Bouman, Andrew Chael, Michael Johnson, Sheperd Doeleman, Lindy Blackburn, John Wardle, William Freeman

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: jets---Galaxy: center---techniques: high angular resolution---techniques: image processing---techniques: interferometric

Online: 12 July 2016 (09:41:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0396.v1

Asymmetry in Galaxy Spin Directions -- Analysis of Data from DES and Comparison to Four Other Sky Surveys

Lior Shamir

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Galaxies; Large-scale structure of Universe; Cosmic anisotropy

Online: 26 July 2022 (08:08:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0044.v1

Rotation and Spin and Position Operators in Relativistic Gravity and Quantum Electrodynamics

Robert F O'Connell

Subject: Physical Sciences, Quantum Science And Technology Keywords: spin/rotation/position operators

Online: 4 December 2019 (08:10:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0072.v1

Thin Films of Tolane Aggregates for Faraday Rotation: Materials and Measurement

maarten eerdekens, ismael lopez-duarte, gunther hennrich, thierry verbiest

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Faraday rotation; Thin films; Magneto-optics; Organic material; Tolane derivatives

Online: 7 October 2019 (12:26:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0041.v1

ffect of Soybean and Maize Rotation on Soil Microbial Community Structure

Peng Zhang, Jiying Sun, Lijun Li, Xinxin Wang, Xiaoting Li, Jiahui Qu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Crop rotation; Fertilization; Maize; Microbial community structure

Online: 2 November 2018 (09:37:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0032.v1

The radio/gamma-ray connection from 120 MHz to 230 GHz

Marcello Giroletti, Filippo D'Ammando, Monica Orienti, Rocco Lico

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: BL Lacertae objects: general, catalogues, gamma rays: galaxies, quasars: general, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, radio continuum: galaxies

Online: 14 July 2016 (12:11:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0904.v1

Evolution of a Stratified Turbulent Cloud under Rotation

Tianyi Li, Minping Wan, Shiyi Chen

Subject: Physical Sciences, Fluids And Plasmas Physics Keywords: localized turbulence; stratification; rotation; inertial-gravity waves

Online: 14 September 2023 (04:41:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0010.v1

Static Formation Temperature Prediction Based on Bottom Hole Temperature

Changwei Liu, Youguang Chen, Lin Jia, Dong Ma, Kewen Li

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: static formation temperature; shut-in time; least squares; PSO

Online: 2 August 2016 (05:42:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0596.v1

Analyzing the impact of Resistant Starch Formation in Basmati Rice Products: Exploring Associations with Blood Glucose and Lipid Profiles across various cooking and storage conditions

Prabhjot Kaur, Harpreet Kaur, Renuka Aggarwal, Kiran Bains, Amrit Kaur, Lachhman Das Singla, Kuldeep Gupta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: glycemic index; glycemic load; basmati rice; resistant starch; storage temperature; cooking methods; dietary fibre

Online: 14 March 2024 (05:50:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0191.v1

Effelsberg Monitoring of a Sample of RadioAstron Blazars

Jun Liu, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Xiang Liu, Alex Kraus, Hayley Bignall, Yuri Y. Kovalev, Kirill V. Sokolovsky, J. Anton Zensus

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; active -- method; statistical -- radio continuum; ISM

Online: 31 October 2017 (04:18:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1291.v1

Green Energy Prospects of Short Rotation Woody Crops Electricity

Jessica Daaboul, Patrick Moriarty, Damon Honnery

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: bioelectricity; bioenergy; biodiversity offsets; ecosysten maintenance; future energy; green energy; lifecycle assessment

Online: 20 September 2023 (02:44:04 CEST)

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The IPCC’s sixth assessment report projects 15% to 43% (44 EJ/y – 310 EJ/y) of global primary energy to be generated by biomass in 2050 across multiple GHG mitigation scenarios. That report also emphasises the importance of electrification to meet GHG reduction targets. With increased reliance on electric power, and increased appeal to biomass, bioenergy for electricity is expected to play a major role in future energy markets. What makes the bioenergy solution more attractive is its reported reasonable Energy Return on Investment (EROI). However, generation at large scale is projected to be greatly dependent on crops and plantations. This shifts the GHG emissions concern to be concerns over land use and other emissions integrated in the bioenergy lifecycle. It is therefore vital to know whether the potential of electricity generation from biomass outweighs environmental impact of bioenergy. This paper evaluates the potential of biomass electricity mainly generated from short rotation woody crops combustion in generating green energy. This is done using the “Green EROI (EROIg)” quantification methodology, which indicates the net energy generated to society after investing in ecosystem maintenance energy (ESME). ESME is a non-monetary weighting mechanism of an entity’s different lifecycle environmental impacts. This study found that the EROIg of bioelectricity is marginally larger than unity when converted to its primary equivalent form (EROIg-PE) which indicates that the technology is somewhat energetically viable if its production was to be green. Three design options were proposed to improve bioenergy’s EROIg performance, these include adding 20% waste wood in the combustion mix, staggered harvesting and plantation to achieve annual harvest and pelletizing wood. This approach appeared to improve the EROIg especially for pelletizing, due to its simultaneous reduction in storage and transport costs, making the production energetically and environmentally viable even at a 1 : 1 secondary : primary ratio with an EROIg of 1.11 and an EROIg-PE of 3.17. We conclude with the discussion of the multiple indirect advantages of growing crops that can be used for energy generation, and a discussion on how this technique can be used alongside others to help them generate cleaner energy while facing the current global climate, biodiversity and waste issues.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0192.v1

On the Laser Doppler Velocimetry for Surface Rotation Measurements

Dawid Kucharski, Mateusz Musiałowski

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: doppler effect; optical measurements; precision; rotation velocimetry; system capability; repeatability; surface metrology

Online: 9 October 2020 (09:29:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0360.v1

Rotation Dynamics of Star Block Copolymers under Shear Flow

Diego Jaramillo-Cano, Christos N. Likos, Manuel Camargo

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: Star block-copolymers; hybrid mesoscale simulation technique; rotational frequency; laboratory frame; Eckart frame; geometrical approach

Online: 22 June 2018 (15:12:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0420.v1

Fullerene Negative Ions: Formation and Catalysis

Zineb Felfli, Kelvin Suggs, Nantambu Nicholas, Alfred Z. Msezane

Subject: Physical Sciences, Atomic And Molecular Physics Keywords: Fullerene anions; electron cross sections; polarization interaction; water oxidation; anionic catalysis

Online: 28 February 2020 (11:46:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0372.v1

Approach to the “Missing” Diarylsilylene: Formation, Characterization, and Intramolecular C−H Bond Activation of Blue Diarylsilylenes Having Bulky Rind Groups

Kazuki Mochihara, Tatsuto Morimoto, Kei Ota, Shinsuke Marumoto, Daisuke Hashizume, Tsukasa Matsuo

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Inorganic And Nuclear Chemistry Keywords: silicon; silylenes; hydrosilanes; C−H bond activation; silanols

Online: 6 March 2024 (14:22:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0940.v1

Fibrin-Based Hydrogels with Reactive Amphiphilic Copolymers for Mechanical Adjustments Allow for Capillary Formation in 2D and 3D Environments

Svenja Wein, Carina Schemmer, Miriam Aischa Al Enezy-Ulbrich, Shannon Anna Jung, Stephan Rütten, Mark Kühnel, Danny David Jonigk, Wilhelm Jahnen-Dechent, Andrij Pich, Sabine Neuss

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Fibrin-based hydrogels; Cell-based angiogenesis; Copolymer integration; In vitro pre-vascularization; Biohybrid constructs

Online: 19 February 2024 (11:48:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0081.v1

Halo Concentrations and the Fundamental Plane of Galaxy Clusters

Yutaka Fujita, Stefano Ettori, Megan Donahue, Keiichi Umetsu, Elena Rasia, Massimo Meneghetti, Elinor Medezinski, Nobuhiro Okabe, Marc Postman

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; clusters; general—cosmology; theory—darkmatter—large-scale structure of universe

Online: 5 November 2018 (03:43:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0134.v1

How Long Can the Spiral Arms of Disc Galaxies Be Optically Observed?

Hongjun Pan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Spiral arms; spiral pattern rotation; evolution; spiral galaxies

Online: 2 November 2023 (10:34:43 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0030.v1

Radio Galaxies - The TeV Challenge

Bindu Rani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: active galactic nuclei; radio galaxies; gamma-rays; jets

Online: 2 November 2018 (07:07:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0133.v1

A Practical Star Image Registration Algorithm Using Radial Module and Rotation Angle Features

Quan Sun, Lei Liu, Zhaodong Niu, Yabo Li, Jingyi Zhang, Zhuang Wang

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Star image registration; Radial module feature; Rotation angle feature; Robustness; Real-time

Online: 4 September 2023 (07:16:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0266.v1

Slow Rotation of Coaxial Slip Colloidal Spheres about Their Axis

Min J. Tsai, Huan J. Keh

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: axisymmetric rotation; multiple slip particles; creeping flow; hydrodynamic torque

Online: 5 September 2023 (07:45:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0440.v1

Explicit Representation of SO(3) Rotation Tensor for Deformable Bodies

Bohua Sun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: finite deformation; deformation gradient; rotation tensor

Online: 24 April 2020 (11:58:27 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0060.v1

Group Transformation: Fruiting Body and Stalk Formation

Cathleen Broersma, Elizabeth Ostrowski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: aggregative multicellularity; fruiting body; stalk formation; social amoebae; dictyostelium

Online: 5 May 2021 (13:10:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0476.v1

High Precision Positioning and Rotation Angle Estimation of Flatbed Truck Based on Beidou and Vision

Xinli Yu, Yufei Ren, Xiaoxv Yin, Deqiang Meng, Haikuan Zhang

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: unmanned forklift; automated loading; feature construction; Beidou and vision localization; rotation angle estimation

Online: 8 February 2024 (05:11:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0252.v2

A Secure and Optimal Method of Steganography Using Bit Combination and Dynamical Rotation over Addresses

Moses Okello

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: General Mathematics, Combinatorial, Algebra, Steganography, Probability, Cryptography

Online: 20 March 2019 (15:43:30 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0200.v2

Light Speed Expansion and Rotation of a Very Dark Machian Universe Having Internal Acceleration

U.V.S. Seshavatharam, S. Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Planck scale; Machian universe; Speed of light; Galactic dark matter; Galactic visible mass; Galactic visible mass density; Cosmic anisotropy; Galactic internal acceleration; Cosmic graviton wavelength

Online: 12 July 2020 (14:20:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0228.v1

A Modified Gravitational Explanation of the Dynamic Origin of the Stars' Rotation and Revolution

Wei Fan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: gravity; dark matter; dark energy; Newtonian mechanics; motion

Online: 17 December 2019 (10:11:44 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0212.v1

Activation of the EGF Receptor by Ligand Binding and Oncogenic Mutations: The “Rotation Model”

Endang R. Purba, Ei-ichiro Saita, Ichiro N. Maruyama

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: cancer; cell-surface receptor; EGFR; molecular mechanism; phosphorylation; receptor tyrosine kinase; transmembrane signal transduction

Online: 30 May 2017 (08:34:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0119.v1

Evolutionary Physical Constants in Einstein's Field Equations and the Redshift

Rajendra P. Gupta

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmology theory; cosmological parameters; galaxies; distances and redshifts; variable physical constants; VSL

Online: 10 April 2019 (08:25:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0586.v2

The Effects of Inertial Forces on the Dynamics of Disk Galaxies

Tomer Zimmerman, Roy Gomel

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: reference systems; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; cosmology: dark matter

Online: 24 May 2021 (10:15:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0375.v2

A Unified Electro-Gravity Theory to Model Spiral Galaxies without Dark Matter

Nirod K. Das

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Unified Electro-Gravity (UEG) Theory; spiral galaxies; dark matter

Online: 27 September 2020 (10:41:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0274.v1

Intrinsic Nature of Dark Matter in the Galactic Halo

UGUR CAMCI

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: modified gravity; dark matter; halos; flat rotation curves

Online: 12 August 2020 (08:05:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0107.v1

On the Dynamics of Rotationally Supported Galaxies

Ramzi Suleiman

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Dark matter; galaxies; galaxy rotation curve; radial acceleration relation.

Online: 8 March 2019 (09:58:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0057.v1

Using the Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters to Determine their Mass Accretion Rate

Cristiano De Boni

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; clusters; general; methods N-body simulations; cosmology; theory

Online: 9 December 2016 (16:38:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0034.v1

Flaring γ-ray emission from high redshift blazars

Monica Orienti, Filippo D'Ammando, Marcello Giroletti, Justin Finke, Daniele Dallacasa

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies: active; gamma-rays: general; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

Online: 15 July 2016 (04:40:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1019.v1

Density Wave Theory with Co-rotation May Have a Critical Problem

Hongjun Pan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Density wave theory; co-rotation; spiral arms; spiral arm dark gaps; trail effects

Online: 14 July 2023 (13:08:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0490.v1

A Simple Explanation for the Flat Rotation Curves of Spiral Galaxies

Michael Eric Bacon

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Galaxy; Galactic rotation curves; Galactic Kinematics

Online: 18 April 2023 (05:13:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0727.v1

Oral Antiviral Defense: Saliva- and Beverage-Like Hypotonicity Dynamically Regulate Formation of Membraneless Biomolecular Condensates of Antiviral Human MxA in Oral Epithelial Cells

Pravin. B Sehgal, Huijuan Yuan, Anthony Centone, Susan V DiSenso-Browne

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: oral/gingival epithelium; environmental hypotonic stress; interferon-λ; human myxovirus re-sistance protein (MxA); biomolecular condensates; membraneless organelles (MLOs); osmoreg-ulation; macromolecular uncrowding and recrowding; regulated volume decrease (RVD)

Online: 12 March 2024 (15:23:39 CET)

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The oral mucosa represents a defense between the external environment and the rest of the body and encompasses several antimicrobial and antiviral mechanisms. Oral mucosal cells are constantly bathed in hypotonic saliva (normally one-third tonicity compared to plasma) and are repeatedly exposed to environmental stresses of tonicity, temperature and pH by the drinks we imbibe (e.g. hypotonic: water, tea, coffee; hypertonic: assorted fruit juices, red wines), as well as of diverse microbial and viral flora. In the mouth, the broad-spectrum antiviral mediator MxA (a dynamin-family large GTPase) is constitutively expressed in healthy periodontal tissues, and also induced by Type III interferons (e.g. IFN-λ1). Endogenously induced human MxA and exogenously expressed human GFP-MxA formed membraneless biomolecular condensates in the cytoplasm of oral carcinoma cells (OECM1 cell line). These condensates likely represent storage granules in equilibrium with antivirally active dispersed MxA. Remarkably, cytoplasmic MxA condensates were exquisitely sensitive sensors of hypotonicity – the condensates in oral epithelium disassembled within 1-2 min of exposure of cells to saliva-like one-third hypotonicity, and spontaneously reassembled in the next 4-7 min. OECM1 cells preloaded with calcein-AM (a reporter of cytosolic “macromolecular crowding”) confirmed unquenching and then requenching of calcein fluorescence during this process. Hypertonicity had little effect on MxA condensates. The spontaneous reassembly of GFP-MxA condensates in oral epithelial cells even under continuous saliva-like hypotonicity was slowed by the protein phosphatase inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA) and by the K-channel blocker tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) suggestive of the involvement of the volume-sensitive WNK kinase-protein phosphatase (PTP)-K-Cl cotransporter (KCC) pathway in the regulated volume decrease (RVD) during condensate reassembly in oral cells. Thus, physiologically, hypotonic drinks (water, tea, coffee) trigger a rapid deployment of antiviral MxA throughout the cytoplasm of oral epithelial cells, with subsequent salvage of MxA back into storage granules/condensates.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1960.v1

Chemical Composition and Color of Short-Rotation Teak Wood Thermally Modified in Closed and Open Systems

Felipe da Silva Gomes, Miquéias de Souza Reis, Anna Clara Oliveira Rupf, Paulo Henrique dos Santos Silvares, Jessica Sabrina da Silva Ferreira, Luciano da Costa Dias, Humberto Fantuzzi Neto, Pedro Henrique Gonzalez de Cademartori, João Paulo Sardo Madi, Juarez Benigno Paes, Djeison Cesar Batista

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: teak wood; closed system; open system; chemical analyses; CIELab

Online: 28 September 2023 (08:11:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1595.v1

Simultaneous Formation of Polyhydroxyurethanes and Multicomponent Semi-IPN Hydrogels

Ana-I. Carbajo-Gordillo, Elena Benito, Elsa Galbis, Roberto Grosso, Nieves Iglesias, Concepción Valencia, Ricardo Lucas, M.-Gracia García-Martín, M.-Violante De-Paz

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: NIPU; cyclic carbonates; PHU; functional polymers; interpenetrated networks; IPN; SIPN; porous materials; rheological properties

Online: 28 February 2024 (10:54:39 CET)

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This study introduces an efficient strategy for synthesizing polyhydroxyurethane-based multicomponent hydrogels with enhanced rheological properties. In a single-step process, 3D materials composed of Polymer 1 (PHU) and Polymer 2 (PVA or gelatin) were produced. Polymer 1, a crosslinked polyhydroxyurethane (PHU) grew within a colloidal suspension of Polymer 2, forming an interconnected network. The synthesis of Polymer 1 utilized a Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane (NIPU) methodology based on the aminolysis of bis(cyclic carbonate) (bisCC) monomers derived from 1-thioglycerol and 1,2-dithioglycerol (monomers MA and ME, respectively). This method, applied for the first time in Semi Interpenetrating Network (SIPN) formation, demonstrated exceptional orthogonality, since the functional groups in Polymer 2 do not interfere with Polymer 1 formation. Optimizing PHU formation involved a twenty-trial methodology, identifying influential variables such as polymer concentration, temperature, solvent (an aprotic and a protic solvent), and the organo-catalyst used [a thiourea derivative (TU) and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU)]. The highest molecular weights were achieved under near-bulk polymerization conditions using TU-protic and DBU-aprotic as catalyst-solvent combinations. ME-based PHU exhibited higher (M_w ) ̅ than MA-based PHU (34,100 Da and 16,400 Da, respectively). Applying the enhanced methodology to prepare ten multicomponent hydrogels using PVA or gelatin as the polymer scaffold revealed superior rheological properties in PVA-based hydrogels, exhibiting solid-like gel behavior. Incorporating ME enhanced mechanical properties and elasticity (with loss tangent values of 0.09 and 0.14). SEM images unveiled distinct microstructures, including a sponge-like pattern in certain PVA-based hydrogels when MA was chosen, indicating the formation of highly superporous interpenetrated materials. In summary, this innovative approach presents a versatile methodology for obtaining advanced hydrogel-based systems with potential applications in various biomedical fields.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0504.v1

Chaos and Pattern Formation in Spatial Phytoplankton Dynamics

Randhir Singh Baghel

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: Reaction-diffusion equation; phytoplankton dynamics; Spatiotemporal pattern formation; Chaos; Local Stability

Online: 31 May 2020 (20:31:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0097.v1

The Cosmological Decrease of Galactic Density and the Induced Retarded Gravity Effect on Rotation Curves

Asher Yahalom

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: dark matter; cosmology; retardation

Online: 2 February 2021 (19:11:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0038.v1

Exploring The Magnetic Field Configuration Close To The Central Engines Using GMVA

Bindu Rani, Thomas Krichbaum, J. Hodgson, Shoko Koyama, Anton J. Zensus, Alan Marscher, Svetlana Jorstad, Lars Fuhramnn

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: active galaxies; BL Lacertae object: BL Lac; jets; GMVA: high-resolution VLBI; magnetic field; polarization

Online: 15 July 2016 (10:06:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0194.v1

Wealth Accumulation in Rotation Forestry – Failure of the Net Present Value Optimization?

Petri P. Kärenlampi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: capital return; real estate; capitalization

Online: 21 January 2019 (07:28:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0052.v1

JVLA wideband polarimetry observations on a sample of high Rotation Measure sources.

Alice Pasetto, Carlos Carrasco-Gonzalez, Shane O'Sullivan, Aritra Basu, Gabriele Bruni, Alex Kraus, Karl-Heinz Mack

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: AGN; polarimetry

Online: 18 July 2016 (10:54:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0511.v1

Eﬀects of Uniform Rotation and Cornell-Type Potential on KG-Scalar Particle in Kaluza-Klein Theory

Faizuddin Ahmed

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Kaluza-Klein theory; Relativistic wave equation; AharonovBohm eﬀect; special functions.

Online: 25 January 2021 (15:07:52 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1612.v1

Host Requirements for Formation and Dynamics of Rotavirus Viroplasms

Janine Vetter, Melissa Lee, Catherine Eichwald

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: rotavirus; viroplasm; cytoskeleton; microtubule; actin; molecular motors; lipid droplets; NSP5; NSP2; VP2; VP4

Online: 27 March 2024 (06:12:36 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0450.v1

Varnish Formation and Removal in Lubrication Systems: A review

Sung-Ho Hong, Eun Kyung Jang

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: varnish; lubricant; contamination; degradation; oxidation

Online: 8 May 2023 (05:04:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0544.v1

Acrylamide Formation Potential of Organically and Conventionally Grown Cereals

Falko Stockmann, Ernst Albrecht Weber, Benjamin Mast, Pat Schreiter, Nikolaus Merkt, Wilhelm Claupein, Simone Graeff-Hönninger

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Acrylamide, Free Asparagine, Cropping Systems, Organic, Conventional, Agriculture, Cereals, Species, Cultivars

Online: 23 October 2018 (16:19:26 CEST)

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As bakery products contribute considerably to the daily intake of the carcinogen acting substance acrylamide (AA), the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the cropping system (conventional vs. organic farming) on AA precursor levels of free asparagine (Asn) across different cultivars of the cereal species, namely winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), winter spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) and winter rye (Secale cereale) with simultaneous consideration of gained grain yields and flour qualities. For this purpose, orthogonal field trials were established at two sites in Southwest Germany over two growing seasons (2006-2007 and 2007-2008). The results indicated a significant impact of the cropping system on free Asn contents. Across all species, free Asn contents in the flour were 26 % lower under organic compared to conventional farming. The impact of the cropping system on individual cultivars was obvious with a maximum reduction in free Asn contents of 50 % (e.g. for cultivars Ludwig, Privileg, Capo) if organically produced. For spelt, a significant impact of the cropping system was only found in 2008 with a reduction in free Asn of up to 25 % if organically produced. Across both cropping systems, cultivar Franckenkorn reached the lowest levels of free Asn. For rye, a significant impact of the cropping system was observed only in 2007 with 33 % higher Asn amounts in the conventional cropping system. Independent of the cropping system, rye reached the highest levels of free Asn followed by wheat and spelt. Across both cropping systems, species and cultivars, the amount of free Asn correlated with the AA content in heated flour with R2=0.63***. Furthermore, the results indicated that lower AA contents in bakery products can be achieved by proper selection of species (e.g. 66 % lower if rye is replaced by wheat) and cultivars. With an appropriate choice of the cultivar, a reduction of up to 65 % was possible within wheat, along with a reduction of 44 % within spelt and 12.5 % within rye. In summary, the results indicated that organically produced wheat especially offers the opportunity to significantly lower the AA potential of bread and bread rolls by the choice of raw materials low in free Asn.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1218.v1

Forecasting Lake Nokoué Water Levels Using Long Short-Term Memory Network

Namwinwelbere Dabire, Eugene C. Ezin, Adandedji M. Firmin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: forecasting; Machine learning algorithms; recurrent artificial neural network; lake Nokoue.

Online: 20 March 2024 (11:36:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0220.v1

Multicellular Group Formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Roberta Fisher, Birgitte Regenberg

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: yeast, multicellularity, adhesion, major evolutionary transition

Online: 18 December 2018 (11:15:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0510.v1

Relationship between Longitudinal upper Body Rotation and Energy Cost of Running in Junior Elite Long-Distance Runners

Charlotte Verena Lang, Axel Schleichardt, Frank Warschun, Nico Walter, Daniel Fleckenstein, Fides Berkel, Olaf Ueberschär

Subject: Social Sciences, Tourism, Leisure, Sport And Hospitality Keywords: running; energy expenditure; running efficiency; upper-trunk; lower-trunk; movement; inertial measurement units; biomechanics; elite

Online: 7 September 2023 (09:31:02 CEST)

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