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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0412.v2

Raspberry PI for Kill Mosquitoes by Laser

Ildar Rakhmatulin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: laser for mosquito control; deep learning for mosquito control; insect detection; mosquito neutralization; pest detection; insect recognition; Raspberry Pi3; Raspberry Pi4; OpenCV for small object detect

Online: 2 August 2021 (16:44:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0376.v1

Computational Strategies to Combat COVID-19: Useful Tools to Accelerate SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Research

Franziska Hufsky, Kevin Lamkiewicz, Alexandre Almeida, Abdel Aouacheria, Cecilia Arighi, Alex Bateman, Jan Baumbach, Niko Beerenwinkel, Christian Brandt, Marco Cacciabue, Sara Chuguransky, Oliver Drechsel, Robert D. Finn, Adrian Fritz, Stephan Fuchs, Georges Hattab, Anne-Christin Hauschild, Dominik Heider, Marie Hoffmann, Martin Hölzer, Stefan Hoops, Lars Kaderali, Ioanna Kalvari, Max von Kleist, René Kmiecinski, Denise Kühnert, Gorka Lasso, Pieter Libin, Markus List, Hannah F. Löchel, Maria J. Martin, Roman Martin, Julian Matschinske, Alice C. McHardy, Pedro Mendes, Jaina Mistry, Vincent Navratil, Eric Nawrocki, Áine Niamh O'Toole, Nancy Palacios-Ontiveros, Anton I. Petrov, Guillermo Rangel-Piñeros, Nicole Redaschi, Susanne Reimering, Knut Reinert, Alejandro Reyes, Lorna Richardson, David L. Robertson, Sepideh Sadegh, Joshua B. Singer, Kristof Theys, Chris Upton, Marius Welzel, Lowri Williams, Manja Marz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: virus bioinformatics; SARS-CoV-2; sequencing; epidemiology; drug design; tools

Online: 23 May 2020 (11:01:11 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0094.v1

Covid-19 Situation in Bangladesh

Abdul Kader Mohiuddin

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: COVID-19 Lockdown; Shortage of PPEs; Global Pandemic Crisis; Incentives for Officials at Risk

Online: 6 May 2020 (08:45:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0309.v1

Fluid Dynamics Android Application: An Efficient Semi-Implicit Solver for Compressible Flows

Shivam Singhal, Yayati Gupta, Ashish Garg

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: fluid dynamics Android app; compressible flows; isentropic flows; Android app for gas dynamics

Online: 27 October 2019 (15:30:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0071.v1

Drug and Vaccine Design against Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Spike Protein through Computational Approach

Suresh Kumar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: 2019-nCoV; novel corona virus; Wuhan virus; drug; vaccine; spike protein; epitope; vaccine design

Online: 5 February 2020 (15:34:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1541.v1

Factors Influencing Attitudes of University Students towards ChatGPT and its Usage: A Multi-National Study Validating the TAME-ChatGPT Survey Instrument

Maram Abdaljaleel, Muna Barakat, Mariam Alsanafi, Nesreen A. Salim, Husam Abazid, Diana Malaeb, Ali Haider Mohammed, Bassam Abdul Rasool Hassan, Abdulrasool M. Wayyes, Sinan Subhi Farhan, Sami El Khatib, Mohamad Rahal, Ali Sahban, Doaa H. Abdelaziz, Noha O. Mansour, Reem AlZayer, Roaa Khalil, Feten Fekih-Romdhane, Rabih Hallit, Souheil Hallit, Malik Sallam

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: higher education; technology acceptance; generative pre-trained transformer; curriculum design; academia

Online: 22 September 2023 (08:39:44 CEST)

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Artificial intelligence (AI)-based models hold the potential to transform higher education if adopted properly and ethically. A prime example is ChatGPT with earlier studies indicating its widespread adoption in academia and by university students. The current study aimed to identify the factors influencing the attitude towards ChatGPT and its usage among university students in Arab countries. A previous survey instrument termed Technology Acceptance Model Edited to Assess ChatGPT Adoption (TAME-ChatGPT) was administered online using a convenience-based approach among the contacts of the authors. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for the survey constructs was done using root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR), comparative fit index (CFI), and Tucker-Lewis index (TLI). The final study sample comprised a total of 2240 participant divided as follows: Iraq (n=736, 32.9%), Kuwait (n=582, 26.0%), Egypt (n=417, 18.6%), Lebanon (n=263, 11.7%), and Jordan (n=242, 10.8%). A total of 1048 respondents heard of ChatGPT before the study (46.8%), of which 551 used ChatGPT (52.6%). The mean scores of TAME-ChatGPT constructs showed that the ease of ChatGPT use, positive attitude towards technology and social influence, higher perceived usefulness, the influence of behavioral/cognitive factors, low perceived risks and low anxiety were the determinants of positive attitude to ChatGPT and its use. For both the attitude and usage scales of TAME-ChatGPT, CFA collectively yielded satisfactory fit indices as indicated by low RMSEA and SRMR together with high CFI and TLI. Multivariate analysis showed that attitude to ChatGPT use was significantly influenced by country of residence, age, university type, and the latest grade point average of the students. The current study confirmed the validity of TAME-ChatGPT as a survey instrument to assess the possible determinants of ChatGPT use among university students in Arab countries. The study findings highlighted that successful adoption of ChatGPT in higher education could be dependent on perceived ease of use, usefulness, positive attitudes to technology, social influence, behavioral/cognitive factors, lower anxiety, and minimal perceived risks. The utility of ChatGPT in higher education requires policies that should be tailored for various settings, considering the differences observed in attitude towards ChatGPT among participating students in this study.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Macromolecular Modeling and Design in Rosetta: New Methods and Frameworks

Julia Koehler Leman, Brian D Weitzner, Steven M Lewis, RosettaCommons Consortium, Richard Bonneau

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Theoretical Chemistry Keywords: structure prediction; Rosetta; computational modeling; protein design

Online: 16 October 2019 (05:40:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0789.v1

Catcalling As a Representation of the Strong Patriarchal Culture in the Perspective of Feminism

Meilisa Dwi Ervinda, Raselly Elfa Putri, Moses Pandin

Subject: Social Sciences, Gender And Sexuality Studies Keywords: catcalling, harassment; patriarchy; qualitative design; women

Online: 30 April 2021 (15:19:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0182.v1

Escape Education: A Systematic Review on Escape Rooms in Education

Alice Veldkamp, Liesbeth van de Grint, Marie-Christine Knippels, Wouter van Joolingen

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: escape room; escape game; game design; team work; collaborative learning; student engagement

Online: 11 March 2020 (10:25:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0114.v1

Using Concept Mapping to Develop a Human Rights Based Indicator Framework to Assess Country Efforts to Strengthen Rehabilitation Provision and Policy: The Rehabilitation System Diagnosis and Dialogue (RESYST) Framework

Dimitrios Skempes, John Melvin, Per Von Groote, Gerold Stucki, Jerome Bickenbach

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: rehabilitation; indicators; health systems; right to health; monitoring; health services for persons with disability; human rights; accountability

Online: 12 January 2018 (08:10:28 CET)

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Background: Access to rehabilitation is crucial for the realization of the right to health and a proper concern of global health. Yet, reliable information to guide rehabilitation service planning is unavailable in many countries in part due to the lack of appropriate indicators. To ensure universal health coverage and meet the central imperative of “leaving no one behind” countries must be able to assess key aspects of rehabilitation policy and provision and monitor how they have discharged their human rights responsibilities towards those most disadvantaged, including people with disability. This article describes the process of developing an expert guided indicator framework to assess governments’ efforts and progress in strengthening rehabilitation in line with the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Methods: A systems methodology - concept mapping - was used to capture, aggregate and confirm the knowledge of diverse stakeholders on measures thought to be useful for monitoring the implementation of the Convention with respect to health related rehabilitation. 56 individuals generated a list of 107 indicators through online brainstorming which were subsequently sorted by 37 experts from the original panel into non overlapping categories. 41 participants rated the indicators for importance and feasibility. Multivariate statistical techniques where used to explore patterns and themes in the data and create the indicators’ organizing framework which was verified and interpreted by participants. Results: A concept map of 11 clusters of indicators emerged from the analysis grouped into three broader themes: Governance and Leadership (3 clusters); Service Delivery, Financing and Oversight (6 clusters); and Human Resources (2 clusters). The RESYST was comprehensive and well aligned with the Convention. On average, there was a moderately positive correlation between importance and feasibility of the indicators (r=.58) with experts prioritizing the indicators contained in the clusters of the Governance and Leadership domain. Two of the most important indicators arose from the Service Delivery, Financing and Oversight domain and reflect the need to monitor unmet needs and barriers in access to rehabilitation. In total, 59 indicators achieved above average score for importance and comprised the two–tiered priority set of indicators. Conclusion: Concept mapping was successful in generating a shared model that enables a system’s view of the most critical legal, policy and programmatic factors that must be addressed when assessing country efforts to reform, upscale and improve rehabilitation services. The RESYST provides a data driven basis for the development of standardized data collection tools to facilitate comparative analysis of rehabilitation systems.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0022.v1

Age-sensitive eHealth Applications in Smart Homes

Wiktoria Wilkowska, Philipp Brauner, Martina Ziefle

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Ambient Assisted Living; eHealth; Technology Acceptance, Smart Health, User Diversity, Serious Games for Healthcare

Online: 12 July 2016 (09:39:31 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0370.v1

Essential Indicators for Measuring Area-Based Conservation Effectiveness in the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework

Jonas Geldmann, Marine Deguignet, Andrew Balmford, Neil D. Burgess, Nigel Dudley, Marc Hockings, Naomi Kingston, Helen Klimmek, Alanah Hayley Lewis, Carsten Rahbek, Sue Stolton, Claire Vincent, Sue Wells, Stephen Woodley, James E.M. Watson

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: 2011-2020 Strategic Plan for Biodiversity; biodiversity outcomes; indicators; management effectiveness; other effective area-based conservation measures; post-2020; protected areas

Online: 25 March 2020 (04:31:56 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0323.v1

Biophilic Architecture for Restoration and Therapy within the Built Environment: A Review

Farhan Asim, Venu Shree

Subject: Social Sciences, Cognitive Science Keywords: biophilia; biophilic design; sustainability; sustainable architecture; built environment; well-being; restorative environment

Online: 28 July 2019 (17:24:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0003.v1

Bio-Inspired Manufacturing Multi-Agent System for Control and Coordination of AGV Systems

Branislav Micieta, Lukas Durica, Vladimira Binasova

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: industrial automation; autonomous design; multi-agent systems; industry 4.0; biologically inspired techniques; AGV systems; energy efficiency

Online: 1 September 2016 (10:48:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0234.v1

Sequence Properties of the MAAP Protein and of the VP1 Capsid Protein of Adeno-Associated Viruses

David G. Karlin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: adeno-associated virus; protein sequence analysis; overlapping genes; amino acid depletion; cysteine depletion; tyrosine depletion; capsid design; membrane-binding amphipathic helix

Online: 17 February 2020 (02:42:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0414.v1

The Development of Cartographical Studies and Praxis in Montenegro

Gojko Nikolic, Velibor Spalevic, Zoran Susic, Mehmed Batilovic, Goran Skataric, Ruzica Bozovic, Radovan Djurovic, Dragan Vuckovic

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Montenegro; cadastre; geography; geodesy; geoinformatics; syllabus for cartography; cartographical heritage

Online: 26 June 2018 (12:07:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0085.v1

Garments Texture Design Class Identification Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network

S.M. Sofiqul Islam, Emon Kumar Dey, Md. Nurul Ahad Tawhid, B. M. Mainul Hossain

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: CNN; Deep Learning; AlexNet; VGGNet; Texture Descriptor; Garment Categories; 13 Garment Trend Identification; Design Classification for Garments.

Online: 27 July 2016 (15:39:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0400.v1

Artificial Intelligence Use in University: should We Ban ChatGPT ?

Yaser Mohammed Al-Worafi, Andi Hermansyah, Khang Wen Goh, Long Chiau Ming

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: innovation and technology; quality education; sustainable communities; innovation and infra-structure; partnerships for the goals; sustainable education; social justice

Online: 23 February 2023 (06:44:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0165.v2

Conserved Sequence Features in the Spike Protein Provide Evidence Suggesting the Origin of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)-Related Viruses by Recombination between SARS virus and Another Sarbecovirus

Radhey S. Gupta, Bijendra Khadka

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Conserved signature indels (CSIs) specific for SARS and SARS-CoV-2-related viruses. Molecular markers distinguishing different clades of Sarbecovirus, Evolutionary relationships between SARS and SARS-CoV-2-related viruses, Origin of SARS-CoV-2 and Pangolin CoV_MP789 viruses, Novel sequence and structural features of spike and nucleocapsid proteins. Genetic recombination.

Online: 26 August 2020 (10:17:16 CEST)

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Both SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and SARS coronaviruses (CoVs) are members of the subgenus Sarbecovirus. To understand the origin of SARS-CoV-2, protein sequences from sarbecoviruses were analyzed to identify highly-specific molecular markers consisting of conserved inserts or deletions (termed CSIs) in the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins that are specific for either particular clusters/lineages of these viruses or are commonly shared by specific lineages. Three novel CSIs in the N-terminal domain of the spike protein S1-subunit (S1-NTD) are uniquely shared by the SARS-CoV-2, BatCoV-RaTG13 and most pangolin CoVs, distinguishing this cluster of viruses (SARS-CoV-2r) from all others. In the same positions, where these CSIs are found, related CSIs are also present in two other sarbecoviruses (viz. CoVZXC21 and CoVZC45 forming CoVZC cluster), which form an out group of the SARS-CoV-2r cluster. These three CSIs are not found in the SARS-CoVs. However, both SARS and SARS-CoV-2r CoVs contain two large CSIs in the C-terminal domain of S1 (S1-CTD), which binds the human ACE-2 receptor, that are absent in the CoVZC cluster of CoVs. These results indicate that while the S1-NTD of the SARS-CoV-2r viruses possesses the sequence characteristics of the CoVZC cluster of CoVs, their S1-CTD resembles the SARS viruses. Thus, the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2r viruses has likely originated from a recombination event between the S1-NTD of the CoVZC viruses and the S1-CTD of SARS viruses. This inference is also supported by the amino acid sequence similarity of the S1-NTD and S1-CTD from SARS-CoV-2 compared to the CoVZC and SARS CoVs. We also present evidence that one of the pangolin-CoV_MP789, whose receptor-binding domain is most similar to the SARS-CoV-2, is also derived by a recent recombination between the S1-NTD of the CoVZC CoVs and the S1-CTD of a SARS-CoV-2 related virus. Several other identified CSIs are specific for others clusters of sarbecoviruses including a clade consisting of bat SARS-CoVs (BM48-31/BGR/2008 and SARS_BtKY72). Structural mappings studies show that the identified CSIs are located within surface-exposed loops and form distinct patches on the surface of the spike protein. These surface loops/patches are predicted to interact with other host components and play important role in the biology/pathology of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Lastly, the CSIs specific for the SARS-CoV-2r clade provide novel means for development of new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for these viruses.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Design Of a Dynamic and Self-Adapting System, Supported With Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Real-Time Intelligence For Predictive Cyber Risk Analytics in Extreme Environments- Cyber Risk in the Colonisation of Mars

Petar Radanliev

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Artificial intelligence; machine learning; real-time probabilistic data; for cyber risk; super forecasting; red teaming;

Online: 12 April 2021 (12:18:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0026.v1

Propose of Mix Design Method for CO₂ Reduction Concrete Using the Regression Analysis

Tae Hyoung Kim

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: concrete; sustainability; regression analysis mix design; CO2 emission; cost

Online: 3 August 2016 (06:05:26 CEST)

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Preprint DATASET | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0047.v1

Dataset for Eye-Tracking Tasks

Ildar Rakhmatulin

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: eye tracking dataset; gaze tracking dataset; iris tracking dataset; CNN for eye-tracking; neural networks for eye-tracking

Online: 2 December 2020 (08:00:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0045.v1

Methodology for a Dump Design Optimization in Large-Scale Open Pit Mines

Jorge Puell Ortiz

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: mine planning; dump design; open pit; optimization

Online: 5 May 2017 (05:29:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0120.v1

Optimal Surface Amino-Functionalization Following Thermo-Alkaline Treatment of Nanostructured Silica Adsorbents for Enhanced and Selective CO₂ Adsorption

Obdulia Medina-Juárez, Miguel Ángel García-Sánchez, Ulices Arellano-Sánchez, Isaac Kornhauser-Straus, Fernando Rojas-González

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: CO2 enhanced capture; SBA-15 habilitation for CO2 sorption; desilication; silanol functionalization; covalent coordinated CO2 deposition

Online: 29 September 2016 (12:38:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0763.v1

Overview of Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Recent Advancement from Fundamentals to Applications: MFC Designs, Major Elements, and Scalability

Sami G. A. Flimban, Taeyoung Kim, Iqbal Mohammad Ibrahim Ismail, Sang-Eun Oh

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Microbial fuel cell (MFC); fuel cell elements; design; energy generation; Scaling up; configuration

Online: 2 November 2018 (10:04:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0085.v2

Modeling and Simulation of Passenger Flow Distribution in Urban Rail Transit Hub Platform

Long Gao, Limin Jia

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: passenger flow distribution model; simulation design; performance evaluation; passenger flow volume; service level; urban rail transit hub platform

Online: 2 December 2016 (07:52:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0148.v1

Design and Optimization of an Efficient (96.1%) and Compact (2 kW/dm³) Bidirectional Isolated Single-Phase Dual Active Bridge Ac–Dc Converter

Jordi Everts

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: ac–dc power converters; battery chargers; dual active bridge; DAB; optimal design; power MOSFETs; single-stage

Online: 15 August 2016 (11:06:09 CEST)

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Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0047.v1

Toughness of Railroad Concrete Crossties with Holes and Web Opening

Erosha K. Gamage, Sakdirat Kaewunruen, Alex M. Remennikov, Tetsuya Ishida

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Concrete sleeper; crosstie; design standard; holes; web opening; railway infrastructure; static performance

Online: 5 August 2016 (08:06:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0372.v1

Structural Genomics and Interactomics of 2019 Wuhan Novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, Indicate Evolutionary Conserved Functional Regions of Viral Proteins

Hongzhu Cui, Ziyang Gao, Ming Liu, Senbao Lu, Winnie Mkandawire, Oleksandr Narykov, Suhas Srinivasan, Mo Sun, Dmitry Korkin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: structural genomics; protein-protein interactions; structural bioinformaticscomparative modeling; functional annotation; antiviral design; SARS-CoV-2; 2019-nCoV

Online: 25 February 2020 (11:24:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0037.v1

THE AVERAGE LOWER 2-DOMINATION NUMBER OF WHEELS RELATED GRAPHS AND AN ALGORITHM

TUFAN TURACI

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: graph vulnerability; connectivity; network design and communication; domination number; average lower 2-domination number

Online: 15 July 2016 (09:50:33 CEST)

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The problem of quantifying the vulnerability of graphs has received much attention nowadays, especially in the field of computer or communication networks. In a communication network, the vulnerability measures the resistance of the network to disruption of operation after the failure of certain stations or communication links. If we think of a graph as modeling a network, the average lower 2-domination number of a graph is a measure of the graph vulnerability and it is defined by

γ_{2 a v} (G) = \frac{1}{| V (G) |} \sum_{v \in V (G)} γ_{2 v} (G)

, where the lower 2-domination number, denoted by

γ_{2 v} (G)

, of the graph G relative to v is the minimum cardinality of 2-domination set in G that contains the vertex v. In this paper, the average lower 2-domination number of wheels and some related networks namely gear graph, friendship graph, helm graph and sun flower graph are calculated. Then, we offer an algorithm for computing the 2-domination number and the average lower 2-domination number of any graph G.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0178.v1

Graph Coloring: A Novel Heuristic Based on Trailing Path; Properties, Perspective and Applications in Structured Networks

Abhirup Bandyopadhyay, Amit Kumar Dhar, Sankar Basu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: chromatic number; graph partitioning; NP to P; motif identifier; protein design

Online: 11 May 2018 (08:58:35 CEST)

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Graph coloring is a manifestation of graph partitioning, wherein, a graph is partitioned based on the adjacency of its elements. Partitioning serves potentially as a compartmentalization for any structural problem. Vertex coloring is the heart of the problem which is to find the chromatic number of a graph. The fact that there is no general efficient solution to this problem that may work unequivocally for all graphs opens up the realistic scope for combinatorial optimization algorithms to be invoked. The algorithmic complexity of graph coloring is non-deterministic in polynomial time (NP) and hard. To the best of our knowledge, there is no algorithm as yet that procures an exact solution of the chromatic number comprehensively for any and all graphs within the polynomial (P) time domain. However, several heuristics as well as some approximation algorithms have been attempted to obtain an approximate solution for the same. Here, we present a novel heuristic, namely, the 'trailing path', which returns an approximate solution of the chromatic number within polynomial time, and, with a better accuracy than most existing algorithms. The ‘trailing path’ algorithm is effectively a subtle combination of the search patterns of two existing heuristics (DSATUR and Largest First), and, operates along a trailing path of consecutively connected nodes (and thereby effectively maps to the problem of finding spanning tree(s) of the graph) during the entire course of coloring, where essentially lies both the novelty and the apt of the current approach. The study also suggests that the judicious implementation of randomness is one of the keys towards rendering an improved accuracy in such combinatorial optimization algorithms. Apart from the algorithmic attributes, essential properties of graph partitioning in random and different structured networks have also been surveyed, followed by a comparative study. The study reveals the remarkable stability and absorptive property of chromatic number across a wide array of graphs. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate the potential use of graph coloring in protein design – yet another hard problem in structural and evolutionary biology.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0099.v1

Advanced Glycation Endproducts form During Ovalbumin Digestion in the Presence of Fructose

Alejandro Gugliucci, Yasmin Bains, Russell Caccavello

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: ovalbumin, allergy; advanced glycation; fructose; fructositis; receptor for advanced glycation end products; inflammation; asthma; chlorogenic acid; Ilex paraguariensis; high fructose corn syrup

Online: 28 February 2017 (10:41:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0051.v9

Duality Principles and Numerical Procedures for a Large Class of Non-convex Models in the Calculus of Variations

Fabio Botelho

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: Duality theory; non-convex analysis; numerical method for a non-smooth model

Online: 3 April 2023 (07:35:36 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0022.v1

Validation Study of Italian Version of Inventory for DéJà vu Experiences Assessment (I-IDEA): A Screening Tool to Detect DéJà vu Phenomenon in Italian Healthy Individuals

Laura Mumoli, Giovanni Tripepi, Umberto Aguglia, Antonio Augimeri, Rossella Baggetta, Francesca Bisulli, Antonella Bruni, Salvatore M. Cavalli, Alfredo D'Aniello, Ornella Daniele, Carlo Di Bonaventura, Giancarlo Di Gennaro, Jinane Fattouch, Edoardo Ferlazzo, Alessandra Ferrari, Annateresa Giallonardo, Sara Gasparini, Salvatore Nigro, Andrea Romigi, Vito Sofia, Paolo Tinuper, Maria Grazia Vaccaro, Leila Zummo, Aldo Quattrone, Antonio Gambardella, Angelo Labate

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Déjà Vu; Inventory for Déjà Vu Experiences Assessment (IDEA)

Online: 11 July 2017 (16:05:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0183.v3

Creole Hens and Ranga-Ranga: Campesino Foodways and Biocultural Resource-Based Development in the Central Valley of Tarija, Bolivia

Katherine L. Turner, Iain J. Davidson-Hunt, Annette Aurélie Desmarais, Ian Hudson

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: biocultural resources; biocultural design; alternative food networks; sustainable rural development; local food systems; Bolivia

Online: 8 September 2016 (10:19:43 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Phage Assisted Continuous Evolution (PACE): A How-to Guide for Directed Evolution

Serban C. Popa, Ichiro Inamoto, Benjamin W. Thuronyi, Jumi A. Shin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: continuous evolution; protein design; protein engineering; phage; bacterial one-hybrid; plaque assay; mutational analysis; DNA sequencing

Online: 5 November 2019 (02:19:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0148.v1

Systemic Analysis of Certified Artisan Cheese Production for Improvement—The Case of the Serra da Estrela PDO Cheese

Denis A. Coelho, Tiago E. P. Carrola, Ana F. Couvinhas

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: process improvement; ewe’s cheese; systemic design

Online: 30 December 2016 (07:34:54 CET)

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The research reported on this paper was aimed at improving the overall efficiency of a PDO certified artisanal cheese production process. Being a PDO certified foodstuff by the EU, it is considered to have properties and qualities determined by the geographical environment in which is made, with its production taking place in a specific and determined geographical location, in this case the Serra da Estrela region. In that sense, the authors conducted a mapping according to a systemic perspective of the processes involved in the context of manufacturing and distribution of certified Serra da Estrela cheese. Numerous methods were used throughout the process, such as a systemic design analysis, and techniques derived from ethnographic methods, which led to the collection of data in the field and consequently provided the immersion of the researcher in genuine work situations. Critical points were identified and emphasized in the systemic map with the purpose of encouraging initiatives to address and overcome the gaps and inefficiencies detected. The systemic design analysis triggered the development of design work. Observations following an ethnographic approach identified ergonomic risks in cheese making during the process of cutting excess chips, fostering the emergence of musculoskeletal disorders at the wrist. A tool that fits best to the task at hand was developed. A prototype of the new tool enabled collecting feedback from use in the work context, in order to inform product development. The domains of agricultural production and microbiology, considering the specific microorganisms developed trough the ripening process of the cheese, turned out to be aspects of high importance for the issue under focus, contributing to a broader understanding of the ripening process and its risks, simultaneously improving the efficiency and success of cheese production. If it were not for the systemic analysis, which served as a link between the boundaries of distinct domains such as the risk of microorganism contamination, ergonomics, energy efficiency, legislation and regulation policies, transportation challenges and economic viability, approached throughout the research. Simultaneously creating bridges between them, the various problems might not have been detected in the first place, as they are usually addressed in specialized disciplines, predetermined by the restrictions of each specific area of knowledge. As a consequence of the development of this research, which was based on an analysis that sought to establish possible connections between various disciplines and tried to constantly maintain a holistic perspective, making new connections and observing the issues from a new angle, apart from the already established methodologies. All this allowed to lay out the seeds for the development of a plan to tackle the critical points identified by the systemic analysis reported in this paper.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0076.v1

Design and Manufacturing of Conformal Cooling for Hot Stamping Dies Using Hybrid Process of Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) and Milling

Magdalena Cortina, Jon Iñaki Arrizubieta, Amaia Calleja, Eneko Ukar, Amaia Alberdi

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: additive manufacturing; laser metal deposition; hot stamping; die and mold; conformal cooling; design optimization.

Online: 12 December 2017 (15:24:24 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.3390/sci2030068

Perspectives on Topical Medical Research in the COVID-19 Era

Michael McAleer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: COVID-19; pooling clinical trials; hyperinfection; steroids; treatment; targeted healthcare; population health management; cancer treatment; clinical research; clinical trials; developing vaccines; ranking and rating hospital quality; school closures; interventions for delirium; assessments of COVID-19 death inequities; regulatory safeguards; preventing child abuse and maltreatment; prevalence of health care worker burnout; nursing home ratings; challenging oncology practice; addressing racial; ethnic; social and economic divides; violence against sexual minority adolescents; primary tumors; metastasis; stages of cancer; reforming cancer clinical trials; supporting carers; protection and prevention; benign and malignant tumors; reforming cancer clinical trials; protection of healthcare personnel; comparing excess deaths in NYC; 1918 influenza pandemic; the possibility of full recovery from COVID-19; mental health impact of COVID-19 on young adults; ranking and rating nursing home quali

Online: 21 August 2020 (00:00:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0121.v1

The Techno-Economic Potential of Offshore Wind Energy with Optimized Future Turbine Designs in Europe

Dilara Gulcin Caglayan, Severin Ryberg, Heidi Heinrichs, Jochen Linßen, Detlef Stolten, Martin Robinius

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Offshore wind energy, future turbine design, floating foundation, fixed-bottom foundation, levelized cost of electricity

Online: 13 February 2019 (15:43:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0056.v1

Power and Obstacle Aware 3D Clock Tree Synthesis

Leena Chandrakar, Ravi S., Harish M. Kittur

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Clock Tree Synthesis (CTS); Clock Network Design (CND); Integrated-Circuits (ICs); 3D ICs; Through-Silicon-Via (TSV); obstacles; mmm-algorithm; exact-zero skew algorithm; obstacle aware algorithm; power; wire-length; skew; slew; delay

Online: 8 May 2017 (09:36:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0017.v4

Propositions for Confidence Interval in Systematic Sampling on Real Line

Mehmet Niyazi Çankaya

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: biomedical imaging; covariogram; design-based stereology; estimation of volume; systematic sampling

Online: 15 September 2016 (05:18:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0044.v1

A Comprehensive Technological Survey on Dependable Self-Managing CPS: The Decade of Researches on Correctness and Dependability

Peng Zhou, Kunmean HOU, Zhan Zhang, Decheng Zuo, Jian Dong, Jianjin Li, Haiyin Zhou

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: cyber physical systems; industry 4.0; MDE; hardware and software co-design; lifetime verification & validation; dependability; correctness; flexibility; self-management; self-adapting; self-healing

Online: 17 July 2017 (10:27:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0050.v1

Performance Analysis of Data–Driven and Model–Based Control Strategies Applied to a Thermal Unit Model

Cihan Turhan, Silvio Simani, Ivan Zajic, Gulden Gokcen Akkurt

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: modelling and simulation for control; advanced control design; model–based and data-driven approaches; artificial intelligence; thermal unit nonlinear system

Online: 9 December 2016 (03:17:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0063.v1

Optimal Time to Enter a Retirement Village

Jinhui Zhang, Sachi Purcal, Jiaqin Wei

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Finance Keywords: retirement village; optimal control; optimal stopping, HARA, American put option; long-term care needs, costs and products for the elderly; disability/health state transitions; life-cycle modelling related to the retirement phase

Online: 12 December 2016 (11:18:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0143.v1

None Operational Amplifier (OPA) Based: Design of Analogous Bandgap Reference Voltage

Hao-Ping Chan, Yu-Cherng Hung

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Band-gap voltage reference; voltage reference; circuit design

Online: 29 December 2016 (15:47:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0148.v1

Multi-objective Optimization of Draft Tube in Francis Turbine Using DOE, RBF and NSGA-II

Chol Nam Mun, De Chun Ba, Xiang Ji Yue, Myong Il Kim

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: francis turbine; draft tube; optimization design; experiment of design; non–dominated sorting genetic algorithm

Online: 24 April 2017 (10:52:28 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0120.v2

Synthesis and Anti-Tumor Activity of Oleanolic Acid Derivatives

Kuai ZhenYu, Lei Li, Shengwen Zhan, Chunlin Li, Yuwei Zhao, Hongrong Chen, Yanqiu Meng

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: oleanolic acid derivatives; synthesis; anti-tumor activity; molecular docking; computer-aided drug design

Online: 24 April 2017 (12:08:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0083.v1

Key for Identification of the Ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of European Russia and Russian Caucasus (Native and Alien Species)

Andrzej O. Bienkowski

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: ladybeetles; guide for identification; aborigenous species; introduced species

Online: 12 March 2018 (06:54:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0207.v9

On Duality Principles and Related Convex Dual Formulations Suitable for Local Non-Convex Variational Optimization

Fabio Botelho

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: convex dual variational formulation; duality principle for non-convex local primal optimization; Ginzburg-Landau type equation

Online: 24 November 2022 (14:33:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0114.v1

Optimal Design of Safety Instrumented Systems for Pressure Control of Methanol Separation Columns in the Bisphenol A Manufacturing Process

In-Bok Lee, Insung Woo

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Chemical Engineering Keywords: relief system; safety instrumented system; pressure relief valve; safety integrity level; minimize design capacity

Online: 23 December 2016 (10:12:59 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0087.v1

While We Wait for a Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2, Why Not Think About Available Drugs?

Francisco J. Barrantes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: Coronavirus; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; design drugs; ACE2; prophylaxis

Online: 7 April 2020 (11:02:13 CEST)

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At the time of reception of this article (April 2, 2020), efforts to develop a specific vaccine against SARS-Cov-2, the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), had just begun trial phase 1, but full validation of this and other current developments is likely to take many more months to reach completion. The ongoing pandemic constitutes a major health burden of world proportions that is also having a devastating impact on whole economies worldwide, the knock-on effects of which could be catastrophic especially in poorer countries. Alternative measures to ameliorate the impact and hamper or minimally slow down disease progression are urgently called for. This review discusses past and currently evolving data on the etiological agent of the current pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, and its host cell receptors with a view to disclosing alternative drugs for palliative or therapeutic approaches. Firstly, SARS-CoV-2 exhibits marked tropism for cells that harbor the membrane-bound metalloprotease angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) at their plasmalemma, predominantly in cells lining the oral cavity, upper respiratory tract, and bronchoalveolar cells, making these epithelial mucosae the most likely viral receptor cell targets and entry routes. Secondly, the crystal structures of several coronavirus spike proteins in complex with their cell host target receptors, and of SARS-Cov-2 in complex with an inhibitor, are now available at atomic resolution through X-ray diffraction and cryo-electron microscopy studies. Thirdly, viral entry of other viruses has been successfully blocked by inhibiting viral endogenous proteases or clathrin/dynamin-dependent endocytosis, the same internalization pathway followed by ACE2 and some viruses. Fourthly, the target cell-surface receptor molecules and SARS-CoV-2 possess other putative sites for drugs potentially modulating receptor activity or virus processing. A multi-pronged pharmacological approach attacking more than one flank of the viral-receptor interactions is worth considering as a front-line strategy.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0116.v1

Big-Data-Based Thermal Runaway Prognosis of Battery Systems for Electric Vehicles

Jichao Hong, Zhenpo Wang, Peng Liu

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: thermal runaway; big-data platform; battery systems; electric vehicles; National Service and Management Center for Electric Vehicles

Online: 16 May 2017 (03:18:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0347.v1

Potential Chimeric Peptides to Block the SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD

Debmalya Barh, Sandeep Tiwari, Bruno Silva Andrade, Marta Giovanetti, Ranjith Kumavath, Preetam Ghosh, Aristóteles Góes-Neto, Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara, Vasco Azevedo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: antiviral peptides; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; nCoV-19; peptide design; ACE2; Spike protein

Online: 19 April 2020 (13:21:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0106.v1

Effect of a Particulate and a Putty-Like Tricalcium Phosphate-Based Bone Grafting Material on Bone Formation, Volume Stability and Osteogenic Marker Expression after Bilateral Sinus Floor Augmentation in Humans

Christine Knabe, Doaa Adel-Khattab, Esther Kluk, Rainer Struck, Michael Stiller

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Tricalcium phosphate putty scaffold; bioactive ceramics; bone formation, osteogenesis, osteogenic markers, hard tissue histology; immunohistochemical analysis; split-mouth design; sinus floor augmentation; bone grafting materials

Online: 22 June 2017 (18:33:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0061.v1

Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to Evaluate a New Discharge Medication Prescription Pathway

Raliat Onatade

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: pharmacists; hospital pharmacy; United Kingdom; discharge prescriptions; prescribing; consolidated framework for implementation research; implementation strategies

Online: 8 May 2017 (11:59:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0185.v1

Design, Fabrication and Analysis of Threshold-Value Judging Mechanism in MEMS Safety and Arming Device

Dakui Wang, Wenzhong Lou, Yue Feng, Fufu Wang

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: MEMS S&A device; threshold-value judging mechanism; fabrication process; tensile test; theoretical, simulationand experimentalanalysis; parametric design method

Online: 24 March 2017 (10:12:13 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0572.v1

From Conventional to Virtual Smile Design Systems: A Current Systematic Review

Mohamed Ahmed, Mohamed Tharwat, Abdelrahman Sanad, Karim Abdelhamid, Hager Ali, Raafat Tammam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Digital Smile Design; digital dentistry; dentistry software; dentistry design software

Online: 21 April 2021 (11:46:39 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Does Space Have a Gravitational Susceptibility? A Model for the Density Parameters in the Friedmann Equation

Christopher Pilot

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Dark matter, Dark Energy, Winterberg Model, Susceptibility of Space, Cosmic Vacuum, Cosmological Constant, Density Parameters in Friedmann Equation, Gravitational Polarization Model for Space

Online: 16 February 2021 (13:39:58 CET)

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We propose a model for gravity based on the gravitational polarization of space. With this model, we can relate the density parameters within the Friedmann model, and show that dark matter is bound mass formed from massive dipoles set up within the vacuum surrounding ordinary matter. Aggregate matter induces a gravitational field within the surrounding space, which reinforces the original field. Dark energy, on the other hand, is the energy density associated with gravitational fields both for ordinary matter, and bound, or induced dipole matter. At high CBR temperatures, the cosmic susceptibility, induced by ordinary matter vanishes, as it is a smeared or average value for the cosmos as a whole. Even though gravitational dipoles do exist, no large scale alignment or ordering is possible. Our model assumes that space, i.e., the vacuum, is filled with a vast assembly (sea) of positive and negative mass particles having Planck mass, called planckions, which is based on extensive work by Winterberg. These original particles form a very stiff two component superfluid, where positive and negative mass species neutralize one another already at the submicroscopic level, leading to zero net mass, zero net gravitational pressure, and zero net entropy, for the undisturbed medium. It is theorized that the gravitational dipoles form from such material positive and negative particles, and moreover, this causes an intrinsic polarization of the vacuum for the universe as a whole. We calculate that in the present epoch, the smeared or average susceptibility of the cosmos equals, , and the overall resulting polarization equals, . Moreover, due to all the ordinary mass in the universe, made up of quarks and leptons, we calculate a net gravitational field having magnitude, . This smeared or average value permeates all of space, and can be deduced by any observer, irrespective of location within the universe. This net gravitational field is forced upon us by Gauss’s law, and although technically a surface gravitational field, it is argued that this surface, smeared value holds point for point in the observable universe. A complete theory of gravitational polarization is presented. In contrast to electrostatics, gravistatics leads to anti-screening of the original source field, increasing the original value, , to, , where is the induced or polarized field. In the present epoch, this leads to a bound mass, , where is the sum of all ordinary source matter in the universe, and equals the relative permittivity. A new radius, and new mass, for the observable universe is dictated by the density parameters in Friedmann's equation, and Gauss’s law. These lead to the very precise values, , and, , respectively, somewhat larger than current less accurate estimates.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0007.v1

Site-Specific Treatment Responses in On-Farm Precision Experimentation

Rodrigo Gonçalves Trevisan, David S. Bullock, Nicolas Federico Martin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Zea mays L.; nitrogen; chessboard design; geographically weighted regression; yield response functions

Online: 1 February 2019 (09:22:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0086.v1

Molecular Pharming to Support Human Life on the Moon, Mars, and Beyond

Matthew J. McNulty, Yongao Xiong, Kevin Yates, Kalimuthu Karuppanan, Jacob M. Hilzinger, Aaron J. Berliner, Jesse Delzio, Adam P. Arkin, Nancy E. Lane, Somen Nandi, Karen A. McDonald

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: life support for space; plant molecular pharming

Online: 4 September 2020 (07:31:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0271.v1

Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations for GPCR Drug Discovery

Ye Zou, John Ewalt, Ho-Leung Ng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: GPCRs; membrane protein; molecular dynamics; protein structure; drug design; biased-signaling pathway; allosteric sites

Online: 26 August 2019 (15:34:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0072.v2

Gridded Population Survey Sampling: A Review of the Field and Strategic Research Agenda

Dana R. Thomson, Dale A. Rhoda, Andrew J. Tatem, Marcia C. Castro

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: census; survey design; household survey; LMIC; WorldPop; LandScan

Online: 19 April 2020 (08:09:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0011.v1

Restaurant Acoustics – the Science behind Verbal Communication in Eating Establishments

Jens Holger Rindel

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Verbal communication; Lombard effect; Cocktail party effect; Noise; Acoustic capacity; Universal design

Online: 1 December 2017 (18:22:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0005.v2

An Application-Oriented Design Method for Networked Driving Simulation

Kareem Abdelgawad, Jürgen Gausemeier, Ansgar Trächtler, Sandra Gausemeier, Roman Dumitrescu, Jan Berssenbrügge, Jörg Stöcklein, Michael Grafe

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: autonomous and cooperative vehicle systems; connected driving simulators; systems engineering; system of systems; system-level design; application-oriented development

Online: 12 September 2017 (15:32:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0614.v1

Exploring Sociology of Education in the Promotion of Sustainability Literacy in Higher Education

Sandro Serpa, Maria José Sá

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: sustainability; sustainable development; education for sustainable development; sociology of education; sustainability literacy; higher education; sustainable development goals

Online: 25 October 2018 (16:31:16 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Web-Based Tools for Computational Enzyme Design

Sérgio M. Marques, Joan Planas-Iglesias, Jiri Damborsky

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: web server; rational design; functionalizing enzymes; enzyme discovery; user-friendly tools

Online: 28 January 2021 (07:51:45 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Predicting the Curvature of the Cosmos, and Point of Volume Contraction in a Big Bounce Scenario

Christopher Pilot

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Big Bounce Model, Closed Universe, Cosmological Curvature, Big Crunch, Cyclic Universe, Heat Engine Model for Universe

Online: 16 February 2021 (13:41:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0004.v1

Implant Stability of Biological Hydroxyapatites Used in Dentistry

María Piedad Ramírez Fernández, Sergio Alexander Gehrke, Patricia Mazón, Jose Luis Calvo-Guirado, Piedad N. De Aza

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: hydroxyapatite, xenografts; implant design; implant surface

Online: 1 June 2017 (06:19:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0191.v1

A Non-Parametric Maximum for Reasonable Number of Rejected Hypotheses: Objective Optima for False Discovery Rate and Significance Threshold in Exploratory Research with Application to Ordinal Survey Analysis

Amir hassan Ghaseminejad tafreshi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: High-dimensional data analysis, Multiple hypothesis testing, False discovery rate, Optimum significance threshold, Maximum for reasonable number of rejected hypotheses, Big data analysis

Online: 24 March 2017 (18:29:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0006.v1

River Water Quality: Who Cares, How Much and Why?

Danyel Hampson, Silvia Ferrini, Dan Rigby, Ian J. Bateman

Subject: Social Sciences, Tourism, Leisure, Sport And Hospitality Keywords: Water Framework Directive; ecological and microbiological water quality; choice experiment; willingness to pay for river water quality; conditional logit; latent class analysis; nonmarket benefits

Online: 3 August 2017 (05:52:45 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0094.v1

Barriers and Challenges Going From Conventional to Cryogenic Superconducting Propulsion for Hybrid and All-Electric Aircrafts

F. Ferreira da Silva, João F. P. Fernandes, P. J. da Costa Branco

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Review; Electrical Machines; Superconducting Machines; Hybrid-Electric Aircraft; Propulsion Design; All-Electric Aircraft; Specific Power

Online: 6 September 2021 (13:04:15 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0373.v1

Multipotent Human Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: An Updated Review on Historical Background, Recent Trends and Advances in their Clinical Applications

Kevin Dzobo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells; regenerative medicine; tissue engineering; Clinical Application; Differentiation Capacity; Cellular Immunomodulation; Inflammation; Signaling Cells; Transplantation; International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy

Online: 15 March 2021 (11:51:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0309.v1

Acoustic Design of a Classical Concert Hall and Evaluation of its Acoustic Performance – A Case Study

Kwangbok Jeong, Taehoon Hong, Sung Hoon Kim, Jimin Kim, Sangyoub Lee

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: Acoustic design; Reverberation time; Clarity; Lateral fraction; Acoustic measurements; Classical concert hall

Online: 22 May 2018 (13:49:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0242.v1

A General Design Procedure for Symmetrical Windings of Electrical Machines

Massimo Caruso, Antonino Oscar Di Tommaso, Fabrizio Marignetti, Rosario Miceli, Giuseppe Ricco Galluzzo

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Rotating electrical machines; winding design; symmetrical winding; star of slots.

Online: 25 January 2018 (12:18:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0067.v1

Survey Study on Attitudes to Multi-Dimensional Sustainable Development Ladder with UK MSc Students

Gavin Melles

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: education for sustainable development, postgraduate students, united kingdom, survey study

Online: 7 February 2019 (10:15:59 CET)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0134.v1

Purplewashing and Gender Parity: Break the Bias

Margarita L Martinez-Fierro, Idalia Garza-Veloz

Subject: Social Sciences, Gender And Sexuality Studies Keywords: Purplewashing; gender equality; quality of life for women; International Women's Day

Online: 10 March 2022 (02:14:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0004.v1

An Evaluation-Driven Design Process for Exhibitions

Wolfgang Leister, Ingvar Tjøstheim, Göran Joryd, Michel de Brisis, Syver Lauritzsen, Sigrun Reisæter

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Other Keywords: design process; installations; science centres; museums; visitor engagement

Online: 1 September 2017 (18:01:32 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0155.v1

Targeting Amyloid Aggregation: An Overview of Strategies and Mechanisms

Sofia Giorgetti, Claudio Greco, Paolo Tortora, Francesco Antonio Aprile

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: amyloid diseases; biocomputing; drug design; natural antiamyloids

Online: 8 August 2018 (04:27:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0083.v1

Is the Higgs Field a Positive and Negative Mass Planckion Condensate, and Does the LHC Produce Extreme Dark Energy?

Christopher Pilot

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: Winterberg Model; Quantum Vacuum; Higgs Condensate/Composite Model; Two-Component Superfluid/Supersolid Model for the Vacuum; Positive/Negative Planckion Mass, Q-Theory; Non- Linear Heisenberg Spinor Theory; LHC Energies, Dark Energy; Lattice Substructure for Space

Online: 6 September 2021 (10:38:45 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Mass Timber Solutions for Eight Story Mixed-Use Buildings: A Comparative Study of GHG emissions

Aurora Jensen, Zlatan Sehovic, Nicole St. Clair Knobloch, John Klein, Paul Richardson, Julie Janiski

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: mass timber; life cycle assessment; embodied carbon; sustainable design; functional equivalence

Online: 20 August 2020 (03:59:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0050.v2

Impact of Genetic Polymorphism of Sulpha Transferase Genes (SULT1A) Genes on the Risk of Females with Breast Cancer in Jordan

Mona Bustami, Abdel-Ellah Al-Shudifat, Nagham Hussein, Mohannad Yacoub, Eiad Atwa, Israr Sabri, Rania Abu-Hamdah, Walid Abu-Rayyan, Tawfiq Arafat, Adnan Badran, Luay Abu-Qatouseh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: polymorphism; risk for breast cancer; SULT1A allele

Online: 9 November 2018 (04:28:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0098.v1

Portraying Reality: Perceptions and Realities of Youth in Korean Theatre for Adolescents

Joohee Park

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Theater Keywords: theatre for adolescents; theatre for young audiences; art for youth

Online: 28 August 2017 (08:44:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0558.v1

Investigating the Gap between Research and Practice in Additive Manufacturing

Jennifer Bracken, Zachary Bentley, James Meye, Erik Miller, Jablokow Kathryn W., Simpson Timothy, Meisel Nicholas

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Additive Manufacturing; Design

Online: 27 January 2021 (12:31:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0148.v2

Designing Strategic Games With Preestablished Nash Equilibrium Through Artificial Inference and Global Learning

Hime A. e Oliveira Jr.

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Nash equilibria; game and mechanism design; simulated annealing; fuzzy ASA; artificial inference; global machine learning

Online: 18 November 2019 (07:34:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0051.v1

Topology Optimization of Large-Scale 3D Morphing Wingstructures

Peter Dørffler Ladegaard Jensen, Fengwen Wang, Ignazio Dimino, Ole Sigmund

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Topology Optimization; Morphing Wing; Aerospace Design Optimization; Smart and Adaptive Structures; Feature Mapping

Online: 2 July 2021 (12:28:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0253.v1

Studies of Halogen Bonding Induced by Pentafluorosulfanyl Aryl Iodides: A Potential Group of Halogen Bond Donors in a Rational Drug Design

Yuji Sumii, Kenta Sasaki, Seiji Tsuzuki, Norio Shibata

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: halogen bonding; fluorine; iodine; pentafluorosulfanyl; titration; ab initio calculation; NMR study; drug design

Online: 25 August 2019 (15:41:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0178.v2

The Optimal Tuning, within Carbon Limits, of Thermal Mass in Naturally Ventilated Buildings

Salmaan Craig

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: thermal mass; natural ventilation; thermal resilience; materials design; life cycle analysis; thermal optimization; low carbon

Online: 16 July 2019 (08:50:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0421.v1

CO₂ Pipeline Design: A Review

Suoton P. Peletiri, Nejat Rahmanian, Iqbal M. Mujtaba

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: CCS; CO2 pipeline design; pressure drop; pipeline diameter models; CO2 transportation; diameter equation

Online: 26 June 2018 (13:00:01 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Cyber Risk at the Edge: Current and future trends on Cyber Risk Analytics and Artificial Intelligence in the Industrial Internet of Things and Industry 4.0 Supply Chains

Petar Radanliev, David De Roure, Kevin Page, Jason R.C. Nurse, Rafael Mantilla Montalvo, Omar Santos, La'Treall Maddox, Peter Burnap

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Industry 4.0; Supply Chain Design; Transformational Design Roadmap; IIoT Supply Chain Model; Decision Support for Information Management

Online: 24 December 2020 (13:37:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0237.v1

Development of Continuum Robot Arm and Gripper for Harvesting Cherry Tomatoes

Azamat Yeshmukhametov, Koichi Koganezawa, Zholdas Buribayev, Yedilkhan Amirgaliyev, Yoshio Yamamoto

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: tomato harvesting; gripper; continuum robot; tomato detection; design; agricultural robot

Online: 18 December 2019 (04:34:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0547.v1

Design of Experiments for Light Speed Invariance to Moving Observers

Qian Chen

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Design of experiments, Light velocity, observers, Special Relativity, Time dilation, Time synchronization, Sagnac effect, Mass-Energy relationship, Particle acceleration, Michelson-Morley experiment, Asymmetry Theory

Online: 24 February 2021 (11:41:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0483.v1

Design and Analysis of a Helium-Assisted Hybrid Drone for Flight Time Enhancement

Geronimo Macias, Kooktae Lee

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Hybrid Drone; Helium UAV; Drone Design; Flight Time Increase; UAV Stability and Performance Analysis

Online: 29 September 2021 (09:50:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0441.v1

A Feasibility Review of innovative Prefabricated Footing Systems for Residential Structures

Bertrand Teodosio, Shanaka Kristombu Baduge, Tuan Duc Ngo, Priyan Mendis, Maral Tecer, David Heath

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: prefabricated footing system; residential structures; reactive soils; modular construction; design for manufacture and assembly

Online: 24 July 2018 (05:45:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0044.v1

Optimization of Pump Hydraulic Performance Based on the Response Surface Method

Shengli Xu, Shaowei Zhong, Haixin Zhao

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: pump hydraulic performance; optimization design; response surface method; parameterization; meridional plane

Online: 5 February 2018 (16:05:10 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0003.v3

Introducing Sustainability in Value Models to Support Design Decision Making: A Systematic Review

Marco Bertoni

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: sustainability; value modeling; decision support; value driven design; review

Online: 12 June 2017 (13:51:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0217.v1

Potassium Supplying Capacity of Diverse Soils and K-Use Efficiency of Maize in South Asia

Saiful Islam, Jagadish Timsina, Muhammad Salim, Kaushik Majumdar, Mahesh K Gathala

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Site-specific K management, Soil K supply, Maize yield response to K, Maize Crop Manager, Nutrient Expert for Maize.

Online: 13 June 2018 (16:05:00 CEST)

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Increased nutrient withdrawal by rapidly expanding intensive cropping systems, in combination with imbalanced fertilization, is leading to potassium (K) depletion from agricultural soils in Asia. There is an urgent need to better understand the soil K-supplying capacity and K-use efficiency of crops to address this issue. Maize is increasingly being grown in rice-based systems in South Asia, particularly in Bangladesh and North East India. The high nutrient extraction, especially K, however, causes concerns for the sustainability of maize production systems in the region. The present study was designed to estimate, through a plant-based method, the magnitude, and variation in K-supplying capacity of a range of soils from the maize-growing areas and the K-use efficiency of maize in Bangladesh. Eighteen diverse soils were collected from several upazillas (or sub-districts) under 11 agro-ecological zones to examine their K-supplying capacity from the soil reserves and from K fertilization (@ 100 mg K kg-1 soil) for successive seven maize crops grown up to V10-V12 in pots inside a net house. A validation field experiment was conducted with five levels of K (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1) and two fertilizer recommendations based on “Nutrient Expert for Maize-NEM” and “Maize Crop Manager-MCM” decision support tools (DSSs) in 12 farmers’ fields in Rangpur, Rajshahi and Comilla districts in Bangladesh. Grain yield and yield attributes of maize responded significantly (P < 0.001) to K fertilizer, with grain yield increase from 18 to 79% over control in all locations. Total K uptake by plants not receiving K fertilizer, considered as potential K-supplying capacity of the soil in the pot experiment, followed the order: Modhukhali >Mithapukur >Rangpur Sadar >Dinajpur Sadar >Jhinaidah Sadar >Gangachara >Binerpota >Tarash >Gopalpur >Daudkandi >Paba >Modhupur >Nawabganj Sadar >Shibganj >Birganj >Godagari >Barura >Durgapur. Likewise in the validation field experiment, the K-supplying capacity of soils was 83.5, 60.5 and 57.2 kg ha-1 in Rangpur, Rajshahi, and Comilla, respectively. Further, the order of K-supplying capacity for three sites was similar to the results from pot study confirming the applicability of results to other soils and maize-growing areas in Bangladesh and similar soils and areas across South Asia. Based on the results from pot and field experiments, we conclude that the site-specific K management using the fertilizer DSSs can be the better and more efficient K management strategy for maize.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0308.v1

A Comprehensive Review on Inherited Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Their Syndromes

Muhammad Noman, Shazia Anwer Bukhari, Muhammad Tahir, Shehbaz Ali

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Hereditary HL; genetics of syndromic and non-syndromic HL; methods for pathogenic locus/gene identification

Online: 14 August 2020 (04:45:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0025.v1

Supporting Cross-Border E-commerce of Micro Entrepreneurs in Developing Countries: Export Marketing Strategy

Kihyon Kim, Gyoo Gun Lim

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Marketing Keywords: Cross border electroniceletronic commerce(CBEC); Export Marketing Strategy(EMS); Marketing Mix; Micro, Small and Medium sized enterprise(MSMEs); Aid for Trade; Micro Entrepreneur

Online: 2 August 2021 (12:07:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0608.v1

Investigation of Micro Gas Turbine Systems for High Speed Long Loiter Tactical Unmanned Air Systems

James Large, Apostolos Pesyridis

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Unmanned Air Vehicles; Micro Gas Turbine Performance; Low Pressure Compressor; Preliminary Design

Online: 25 October 2018 (13:09:17 CEST)

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