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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0020.v2

Thick-Skinned and Thin-Skinned Tectonics: A Global Perspective

O. Adrian Pfiffner

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: thin-skinned tectonics, thick-skinned tectonics, structural geology, structure of mountain ranges, fold-and-thrust belts, décollement, nappe stacking, continent-continent collision, subduction, basin inversion

Online: 27 July 2017 (10:14:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0151.v1

The Use of Anisaldehyde Sulfuric Acid as an Alternative Spray Reagent in TLC Analysis Reveals Three Classes of Compounds in the Genus Usnea Adans. (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota)

Alice da Cruz Lima Gerlach, Alice Gadea, Rosa Mara Borges da Silveira, Philippe Clerc, Françoise Lohézic-le Dévéhat

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: color tests; thin layer chromatography; chemotaxonomy; secondary metabolites; solvent system

Online: 24 February 2018 (08:28:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0227.v1

New Link between Skin Microbiota Diversity and Skin Health: Proposal to Use This as a Mechanism to Determine Whether Cosmetic Products Damage the Skin and Are a Cause of the Skin Allergy Epidemic

Christopher Wallen-Russell, Sam Wallen-Russell

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: biodiversity; skin allergy; benchmark skin health values; effect of synthetic cosmetics on skin; 21st century skin ailments; measure skin health; healthy skin ecosystem; healthy skin bacteria; damaged skin bacteria; perfect skin

Online: 31 March 2017 (08:52:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0410.v3

Cross-sectional Analysis of Beams Subjected to Saint-Venant Torsion Using the Green’s Theorem and the Finite Difference Method

Valentin Fogang

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Theory of elasticity; Saint-Venant torsion; Green’s theorem; finite difference method; additional nodes; thin-walled sections; stress concentration at reentrant corners; multiply connected cross-section; warping displacement

Online: 1 June 2022 (11:01:06 CEST)

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This paper presents an approach to the elastic analysis of beams subjected to Saint-Venant torsion using Green’s theorem and the finite difference method (FDM). The Saint-Venant torsion of beams, also called free torsion or unrestrained torsion, is characterized by the absence of axial stresses due to torsion; only shear stresses are developed. A solution to this torsion problem consists of finding a stress function that satisfies the governing equation and the boundary conditions. The FDM is an approximate method for solving problems described with differential equations; it does not involve solving differential equations, equations are formulated with values at selected nodes of the structure. In this paper, the beam’s cross-section was discretized using a two-dimensional grid and additional nodes were introduced on the boundaries. The introduction of additional nodes allowed us to apply the governing equations at boundary nodes and satisfy the boundary conditions. Beams with solid sections as well as multiply connected cross-sections were analyzed using this model; shear stresses and localized stresses at reentrant corners, torsion constant, and warping displacements were determined. Furthermore, beams with thin-walled closed sections, single-cell or multiple-cell, were analyzed using the Prandtl stress function whereby a linear distribution of the shear stresses over the thickness was considered; closed-form solutions for shear stresses and torsion constant were derived. The results obtained in this study showed good agreement with the exact results for rectangular cross-sections, and the accuracy was increased through a grid refinement. For thin-walled closed sections, the shear stresses obtained at the centerline using the closed-form solutions were in agreement with the values using Bredt’s analysis but the maximal values in the cross-section, which did not necessarily occur at the position with the smallest thickness, were higher; in addition, the results using the closed-form solutions were in good agreement with those using FDM.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0073.v1

Strategies in the Design of Antidiabetic Drugs from Terminalia Chebula Retz. Using in silico and in vitro Approach

Twinkle Bansode, B.K. Salalkar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: diabetes mellitus, molecular docking, thin layer chromatography, alpha amylase, ellagic acid

Online: 20 September 2016 (16:13:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0218.v1

Image Reconstruction and Evaluation of Micro-surfaces for MEMS Application

Mohammad Mayyas

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: micro-surface imaging; evaluation; nondestructive; enhancement techniques; thin plate spline; linear sequential estimation; windowing technique, Lenna image, MEMS imaging

Online: 27 August 2016 (10:43:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0500.v1

Respect of Skin Microbiome with Different Types of LeavE-on Skincare Products, an Ecobiological Approach

Sylvie Callejon, Félix Giraud, Florence Larue, Armonie Buisson, Léa Matéos, Laurence Grare, Aurélie Guyoux, Eric Perrier, Nathalie Ardiet, Sandra Trompezinski

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: skin microbiome; skincare; cosmetic products; ecobiology; microbiome friendly

Online: 31 May 2020 (20:12:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0020.v1

Graviola (Annona muricata) Exerts Anti-Proliferative, Anti-Clonogenic and Pro-Apoptotic Effects in Human Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer UW-BCC1 and A431 Cells In Vitro: Involvement of Hedgehog Signaling

Jean Christopher Chamcheu, Islam Rady, Roxane-Cherille N. Chamcheu, Abu Bakar Siddique, Melissa B. Bloch, Sergette Banang Mbeumi, Abiola S. Babatunde, Mohammad B. Uddin, Felicite K. Noubissi, Peter W. Jurutka, Yong-Yu Liu, Vladimir S. Spiegelman, G. Kerr Whitfield, Khalid A. El Sayed

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: Annona muricata; apoptosis; basal cell carcinoma; cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; graviola; Hedgehog signaling pathway; natural products chemistry; non-melanoma skin cancer

Online: 1 June 2018 (13:00:02 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0127.v1

In-Situ Assessment of PAHs in Contaminated Sea Sediments

Emanuela Frapiccini, Evgeniya Prokofyeva, Antonina Bondarenko, Maria Letizia Ruello, Mauro Marini

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: persistent organic pollutants, bioavailability, Diffusive Gradient Thin film (DGT), passive probe, degradation

Online: 25 November 2016 (09:59:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0004.v1

Use of Micropatterned Thin Film Nitinol in Carotid Stents to Augment Embolic Protection

Mahdis Shayan, Brian T. Jankowitz, Puneeth Shridhar, Youngjae Chun

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: thin film nitinol; carotid artery; micro mesh stent; micropatterning

Online: 1 November 2016 (06:54:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0078.v1

In Vitro Study of a Superhydrophilic Thin Film Nitinol Endograft that Is Electrostatically Endothelialized in the Catheter Prior to the Endovascular Procedure

Mahdis Shayan, Yanfei Chen, Puneeth Shridhar, Colin P. Kealey, Youngjae Chun

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: thin film nitinol; electrostatic cell seeding; biocompatibility; endovascular devices

Online: 23 September 2016 (03:45:59 CEST)

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Electrostatic endothelial cell seeding has evolved as an exceptional technique to improve the efficiency of cell seeding in terms of frequency of attached cells and the amount of cell adhesion for the treatment of vascular diseases. In the recent times, both untreated and superhydrophilic thin film nitinol (TFN) have exhibited strong prospect as substrates for creation of small-diameter endovascular grafts due to their hallmark properties of superelasticity, ultra low-profile character, grown hemocompatible oxide layer with the presence of a uniform endothelial layer on the surface. The purpose of the current study is to understand the effects of endothelial cell seeding parameters (i.e., applied voltage, incubation time, substrate chemistry and cell suspension solution) to investigate the cell seeding phenomenon and to improve the cell adhesion and growth on the TFN surface under electrostatic transplantation. Both parallel plate and cylindrical capacitor models were used along with the Taguchi Design of Experiment (DOE) methods to design in vitro test parameters. A novel in vitro system for cylindrical capacitor model was created using a micro flow pump, micro incubation system, and silicone tubings. The augmented endothelialization on thin film nitinol was developed to determine the effect of cell seeding and deployed in a 6 Fr intravascular catheter setup. Cell viability along with morphology and proliferation of adhered cells were evaluated using fluorescent and scanning electron microscopy. Our results demonstrated that the maximum number of cells attached on STFN in the catheter was observed in 5V with the 2 hr exposure of in the cell culture medium (CCM) solution. The condition showed 5V voltage with 0.68×10-6 µC electrostatic charge and 5.11 V·mm-1 electric field. Our findings have first demonstrated that the electrostatic endothelialization on the superhydrophilic thin film nitinol endograft within the catheter prior to the endovascular procedure could enhance the biocompatibility for low-profile endovascular applications.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0177.v1

John H. Miller Jr., Martha Y. S. Villagrán

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: layered superconductor; thin film; superconducting properties; flux vortex; Josephson vortex; Abrikosov vortex; Josephson junction; quantum tunneling; soliton; grain boundary

Online: 24 May 2017 (08:57:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0425.v1

Periorbital Hyperpigmentation, a Dermatologic Condition Having a Strong Geographic and Ethnic Determinism

Felicia Andrei, Daciana Grujic, Cristina Lazar, Anca Dragomirescu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: hyperpigmentation; palpebral region; geographic skin differences; ethnic predisposition; skin disorder;

Online: 23 July 2018 (12:56:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0258.v1

Hybrid Feature Fusion and Machine Learning Approaches for Melanoma Skin Cancer Detection

Md. Mahbubur Rahman, Mostofa Kamal Nasir, Nur A-Alam, Saikat Islam Khan, Shahab Band, Iman Dehzangi, Amin Beheshti, Hamid Alinejad Rokny

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Skin cancer; Deep learning; Hybrid feature extractor; Local binary pattern; Feature extraction

Online: 18 January 2022 (12:43:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0108.v1

Pronounced Impact of p-Type Carriers and Reduction of Bandgap in Semiconducting ZnTe Thin Films by Cu Doping for Intermediate Buffer Layer in Heterojunction Solar Cells

Waqar Mahmood, Saif Ullah Awan, Amad Ud Din, Sajid Arif, Andrew Thomas, Anwar ul Haq, Nazar Abbas Shah

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: semiconductor thin films; CSS; ion-exchange; XRD; SEM; p-type carriers; band gap; solar cell

Online: 13 February 2019 (10:24:01 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0293.v1

Gut Microbiome Production and Modulation of Hormones That Influence Host Skin Health

Mia Maguire, Greg Maguire

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: skin; gut; microbiome; hormones

Online: 19 March 2020 (02:23:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0133.v1

Sunburn Protection by Sunscreen Sprays at Beach

Hao Ou-Yang, Richard Bradley Rzendzian

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: erythema; swimming; re-application; exposed skin surface; natural sunlight

Online: 17 March 2017 (04:59:23 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0204.v1

Pediatric Thermal Burns and Treatment: A Review of Progress and Future Prospects

Elton Mathias, Madhu Srinivas Murthy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: burns; treatment; pediatric; autograft; biological skin substitute; thermal

Online: 30 November 2017 (14:12:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0119.v1

The Influence of AlN Buffer Layer on the Structural and Chemical Properties of SiC Thin Films Produced by High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering

Nierlly Galvão, Marciel Guerino, Tiago Campos, Korneli Grigorov, Mariana Fraga, Bruno Rodrigues, Rodrigo Pessoa, Julien Camus, Mohammed Djouadi, Homero Maciel

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: HiPIMS; silicon carbide; aluminum nitride; thin film; RBS; GIXRD; Raman spectroscopy

Online: 13 February 2019 (15:33:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0244.v1

Coatings Thickness Determination Using X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy: Monte Carlo Simulations as an Alternative to the Use of Standards

Walter Giurlani, Enrico Berretti, Massimo Innocenti, Alessandro Lavacchi

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: XRF; X-ray fluorescence; thickness determination; thin film; simulation; XMI-MSIM; electrodeposition; Monte Carlo; galvanic industry; electroplating

Online: 24 January 2019 (08:09:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0129.v1

Factors Affecting Electroplated Semiconductor Material Properties: The Case Study of Deposition Temperature on Cadmium Telluride

Ayotunde A. Ojo, I.M. Dharmadasa

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: Electrodeposition; CdTe film; Two-electrode configuration; thin films, electroplating temperature

Online: 10 April 2019 (12:32:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0049.v1

Magnetoresistance, Gating and Proximity Effects in Ultrathin NbN-Bi₂Se₃ Bilayers

Gad Koren

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: superconductivity; topological Insulator; thin films; bilayers; proximity effect; magnetoresistance

Online: 8 March 2017 (07:42:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0285.v1

Analysis of Tilt Effect on Notch Depth Profiling Using Thin-Skin Regime of Driver-Pickup Eddy-Current Sensor

Mingyang Lu, Xiaobai Meng, Ruochen Huang, Anthony Peyton, Wuliang Yin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Eddy current driver–pickup sensor; surface crack; depth measurement; thin-skin regime; non-destructive testing.

Online: 13 August 2021 (08:27:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0230.v1

Control Upstream Austenite Grain Coarsening during Thin Slab Casting Direct Rolling (TSCDR) Process

Tihe Zhou, Ronald J. O'Malley, Hatem S. Zurob, Mani Subramanian, Sang-Hyun Cho, Peng Zhang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Metals, Alloys And Metallurgy Keywords: thin slab casting direct rolling, austenite grain coarsening, grain growth control, liquid core reduction, secondary cooling, two phase pinning

Online: 23 January 2019 (08:44:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0209.v1

Skin Disease Detection: Machine Learning vs Deep Learning

Samir Bandyopadhyay, Amiya Bhaumik, Sandeep Poddar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Skin Disease Detection; Machine Learning (ML); Deep Learning(DL); Artificial Intelligence

Online: 13 September 2021 (11:54:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0064.v1

Multispectral, Fluorescent and Photoplethysmographic Imaging for Remote Skin Assessment

Janis Spigulis

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: multispectral skin imaging; skin autofluorescence and photobleaching; photoplethysmography imaging

Online: 8 May 2017 (12:19:30 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0096.v1

Roles of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Skin Development, Homeostasis and Cancer

Yoshinori Abe, Nobuyuki Tanaka

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Hedgehog signaling; skin; epidermis; hair follicle; development; homeostasis; basal cell carcinoma; signaling crosstalk

Online: 15 November 2017 (07:11:15 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0058.v1

A Review on Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Pain Management in Newborn Infants

Avneet K. Mangat, Ju-Lee Oei, Kerry Chen, Im Quah-Smith, Georg M. Schmölzer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: infant; premature; pain; acupuncture; skin to skin contact; sucrose; massage; musical therapy; breastfeeding

Online: 3 August 2018 (04:09:31 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0360.v1

Controlling Systemic Inflammation by Careful Formulation of Topical Skin Care Products: Our Bodies Didn’t Evolve With All the Current Chemicals in Skin Care Products

Greg Maguire

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: skin care; topicals; toxicity; ingredients; systemic inflammation

Online: 25 February 2020 (05:23:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0100.v1

Efficacy Evaluation of Skin Care Products Using PhabrOmeter

Ning Pan, Melissa Lum, Brian Tran

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Assessing efficacy of skin care products; PhabrOmeter; Artificial skin; Changes of skin attributes

Online: 10 January 2019 (14:02:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0028.v1

Amorphous Oxide Thin Film Transistors with Nitrogen-Doped Hetero-Structure Channel Layers

Haiting Xie, Guochao Liu, Lei Zhang, Yan Zhou, Chengyuan Dong

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: amorphous oxide semiconductor (AOS); thin film transistor (TFT); nitrogen-doped amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO:N); nitrogen-doped amorphous InZnO (a-IZO:N); hetero-structure

Online: 8 September 2017 (09:54:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0215.v1

Skin Cancer Classification and Comparison of Pretrained Models Performance using Transfer Learning

Subroto Singha, Priyangka Roy

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: pretrained model; transfer learning; skin cancer; deep learning; ISIC 2020

Online: 15 September 2022 (03:02:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0375.v1

Minimizing Defect States in Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cell Materials

René M. Williams, Rosa Brakkee

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: solar energy; semiconductor; light harvesting; charge generation; photovoltaics; optimization; voltage loss; thin film materials; stabilization, doping

Online: 25 March 2020 (08:50:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0112.v1

Process Design Aspects for Scandium-Selective Leaching of Bauxite Residue with Mineral Acids

Konstantinos Hatzilyberis, Theopisti Lymperopoulou, Lamprini-Areti Tsakanika, Klaus-Michael Ochsenkühn, Paraskevas Georgiou, Nikolaos Defteraios, Fotios Tsopelas, Maria Ochsenkühn-Petropoulou

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: scandium; REEs; bauxite residue; selective leaching; process design aspects; thin film diffusion model; unyielding core; specific recovery

Online: 12 January 2018 (07:50:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0105.v1

Frozen Microemulsions for MAPLE Immobilization of Lipase

Valeria Califano, Francesco Bloisi, Giuseppe Perretta, Antonio Aronne, Giovanni Ausanio, Aniello Costantini, Luciano Vicari

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: MAPLE; Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation; microemulsion; lipase; thin film

Online: 21 September 2017 (17:10:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0150.v1

Impaired skin barrier due to sebaceous gland atrophy in the latent stage of radiation-induced skin injury: application of non-invasive diagnostic methods

Hyosun Jang, Hyunwook Myung, Janet Lee, Jae Kyung Myung, Won-Suk Jang, Sun-Joo Lee, Chang-Hwan Bae, Hyewon Kim, Sunhoo Park, Sehwan Shim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: radiation; skin barrier; sebaceous gland; transepidermal water loss; skin pH

Online: 23 November 2017 (08:33:29 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0261.v1

Manufacture, Applications, and Opportunities of Thin Film Palladium-Silver (PdAg) Alloys: A Review

Alistair F. Holdsworth

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: review; additive manufacuring; thin films; noble metals; catalysis; conductive; hydrogen technology; sensors; fuel cells; 3-D printing

Online: 26 August 2019 (04:55:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0061.v1

Oral and Topical Vitamin D, Sunshine, and UVB Phototherapy Safely Control Psoriasis in Patients with Normal Pretreatment Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations: A Literature Review and Discussion of Health Implications

Patrick J McCullough, William McCullough, Douglas Lehrer MD, Jeffrey Travers MD, Steven Repas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: vitamin D3, D2, calcitriol, oral, topical, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, psoriasis, skin diseases, UVB, phototherapy, sunshine, COVID-19, regulatory T lymphocytes

Online: 2 March 2021 (09:44:17 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0298.v1

Emergence of the First Lumpy Skin Disease Outbreak Among Livestock in the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2016.

Arman Issimov, Nurkuisa Rametov, Kuandyk Zhugunissov, Lespek Kutumbetov, Assylbek Zhanabayev, Nurlybay Kazhgaliyev, Birzhan Nurgaliyev, Malik Shalmenov, Gaisa Absatirov, Laura Dushayeva, Aliya Akhmetaliyeva, Abzal Kereyev, Peter White

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: control measures; diagnosis; epidemiological data; Kazakhstan; lumpy skin disease

Online: 10 November 2020 (10:13:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0091.v1

Fisetin a 3, 7, 3′, 4′-Tetrahydroxyflavone Inhibits PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK Pathways and Ameliorates Psoriasis Pathology in 2D and 3D Organotypic Human Inflammatory Skin Models

Jean Christopher Chamcheu, Stephane Esnault, Vaqar M. Adhami, Andrea L. Noll, Sergette Banang-Mbeumi, Tithi Roy, Sitanshu S. Singh, Shile Huang, Konstantin Gus Kousoulas, Hasan Mukhtar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: fisetin; psoriasis; normal human epidermal keratinocyte; cell signaling; cell differentiation; proliferation; inflammatory cytokine; PBMC; CD4+ T lymphocyte; 3D psoriasis-like skin disease model

Online: 9 September 2019 (07:48:26 CEST)

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Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin disease that involves interaction of both immune and skin cells, and is characterized by cytokine-driven epidermal hyperplasia, deviant differentiation, inflammation and angiogenesis. Because available treatments for psoriasis have significant limitations, dietary products are potential natural sources of therapeutic molecules, which can rescind molecular defects associated with psoriasis and could be developed for its management. Fisetin (3,7,3′,4′- tetrahydroxyflavone), a phytochemical naturally found in pigmented fruits and vegetables has demonstrated pro-apoptotic and antioxidant effects in several malignancies. This study utilized biochemical, cellular, pharmacological and tissue-engineering tools to characterize the effects of fisetin on normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and CD4+ T lymphocytes in 2D and 3D psoriasis-like disease models. Fisetin treatment of NHEKs dose and time-dependently induced differentiation and inhibited interleukin-22-induced proliferation, as well as activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Fisetin treatment of TNF-α-stimulated NHEKs significantly inhibited the activation of p38 and JNK, but had no effect on ERK1/2. In addition, fisetin treatment significantly decreased the secretion of Th1/Th-17 pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IFNγ and IL-17A by 12-O- tetradecanolylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated NHEKs and anti-CD3/CD28-activated human PBMCs. Furthermore, we established the in-vivo relevance of fisetin functions, using a 3D full-thickness human skin model of psoriasis (FTRHSP) that closely mimics in-vivo human psoriatic skin-lesions. Herein, fisetin significantly ameliorated psoriasis-like disease features, and decreased the production of IL-17 by CD4+ T lymphocytes co-cultured with FTRHSP. Collectively, our data identify pro-differentiative, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of fisetin, via modulation of PI3K-Akt-mTOR and p38/JNK pathways and the production of cytokines in 2D and 3D human skin model of psoriasis. These results suggest that fisetin has a great potential to be developed as an effective and inexpensive agent for the treatment of psoriasis and other related inflammatory skin disorders.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0674.v1

Correlation Analysis of Different Measurement Places of Galvanic Skin Response in Test Groups Facing Valence and Arousal Changes

Andres Sanchez-Comas, Kåre Synnes, Diego Molina-Estren, Alexander Troncoso-Palacio, Zhoe Comas-González

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Stress; Wearable; Sensor; Physiological Signals; Galvanic Skin Response; GSR; Electrodermal activity; EDA; Valence and Arousal; Correlation

Online: 26 December 2020 (11:07:37 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0010.v1

Metal–Organic Framework Membranes: From Fabrica-Tion to Application in Gas Separation

Osama Shekhah, Valeriya Chernikova, Youssef Belmabkhout, Mohamed Eddaoudi

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: MOFs; membranes; separation; gas; thin film; defects

Online: 3 September 2018 (05:31:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0589.v1

Evaluation of cost-effective thin modified binder seals on Nano-Modified Emulsion (NME) stabilised base layers using Accelerated Pavement Testing (APT)

Gerrit J Jordaan, Wynand J VdM Steyn, Andre Broekman

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: nanotechnology in pavement engineering; thin surfacings for New-age (Nano) Modified Emulsion stabilised base layers; applicable modified binders for chip seals; Cape seals using anionic New-age Modified Emulsion slurries; Sasobit-M® modified binders for chip seals.

Online: 28 January 2021 (15:35:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0184.v1

Application-Specific Oxide-Based and Metal-Dielectric Thin Film Materials Prepared by RF Magnetron Sputtering

Mohammad Nur E Alam, Wade Lonsdale, Mikhail Vasiliev, Kamal Alameh

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: thin films; coatings; magneto-optics; sensors; glass; heat regulation

Online: 17 August 2019 (15:26:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0178.v1

Treatment with DHA Improves Epidermal Eeratinocyte Differentiation and Ameliorates Inflammation in Human Keratinocytes and Reconstructed Human Epidermis Models

Tinghan Jia, Wu Qiao, Qifeng Yao, Wenhui Wu, Ken Kaku

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: DHA; reconstructed human models; filaggrin; skin barrier; inflammation

Online: 16 August 2019 (08:17:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0007.v1

Mn-doped CaBi4Ti4O15/Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Ultrasonic Transducers for Continuous Monitoring at Elevated Temperatures

Makiko Kobayashi, Taiga Kibe, Hajime Nagata

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: ultrasonic transducers; high temperature measurement; nondestructive testing; thin film sensor; sol-gel composite

Online: 2 October 2017 (09:07:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0280.v1

Liquid-Phase Epitaxial Growth and Characterization of Nd:YAl₃(BO₃)₄ Optical Waveguides

Yi Lu, Peter Dekker, Judith Dawes

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: thin film crystal growth; epitaxial layer growth; multifunctional borate crystals; planar optical waveguides

Online: 28 January 2019 (12:20:05 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0074.v3

Lumpy Skin Disease: A Comprehensive Review on Virus Biology, Pathogenesis, and Sudden Global Emergence

Gaurav Moudgil, Jatin Chadha, Lavanya Khullar, Sanjay Chhibber, Kusum Harjai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Lumpy skin disease virus; lumpy skin disease; epidemiological footprint and multi-country outbreak; transboundary spread and disease resurgence; diagnosis and vaccines

Online: 13 February 2023 (14:44:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0227.v1

Frontiers in Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research

Fabian V. Filipp, Stanca Birlea, Marcus W. Bosenberg, Douglas Brash, Pamela B. Cassidy, Suzie Chen, John August D'orazio, Mayumi Fujita, Boon-Kee Goh, Meenhard Herlyn, Arup K. Indra, Lionel Larue, Sancy A. Leachman, Caroline Le Poole, Feng Liu-Smith, Prashiela Manga, Lluis Montoliu, David A. Norris, Yiqun Shellman, Keiran S. M. Smalley, Richard A. Spritz, Richard A. Sturm, Susan M. Swetter, Tamara Terzian, Kazumasa Wakamatsu, Jeffrey S. Weber, Neil F. Box

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: melanocyte; melanoma; oncology; precision medicine; immunotherapy; pigmentation; vitiligo; albinism; melasma; melanin; dermatology; skin; UV; cancer prevention; IFPCS; PASPCR; SMR; IPCC

Online: 13 August 2018 (11:04:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0135.v1

Isolation and Culture of Skin-Derived Differentiated and Stem-Like Cells Obtained from the Arabian Camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Islam Saadeldin, Ayman Swelum, Ahmed Noreldin, Hammed Tukur, Aaser Abdelazim, Mosleh Abomughaid, Abdullah Alowaimer

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Skin; Cell culture; Stem cells; Differentiation; Camel

Online: 10 May 2019 (15:04:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0101.v1

Active Prior Tactile Knowledge Transfer for Learning Tactual Properties of New Objects

Di Feng, Mohsen Kaboli, Gordon Cheng

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: tactile sensing; artificial robotic skin; active tactile object perception; active tactile object learning; active tactile transfer learning

Online: 16 November 2017 (03:49:49 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0119.v1

Fabrication and Characterization of Near Infrared Molybdenum Disulfide/Silicon Heterojunction Photodetector by Drop Casting Method

Haroon Rashid, Norhana Arsad, Harith Ahmad, Ahmad Ashrif A. Bakar, Mamun Ibne Reaz

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: MoS2; photodetector; Raman; drop casting; infrared; thin film

Online: 5 April 2021 (12:21:57 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0133.v1

Fluid and Tissue Biomarkers of Lewy Body Dementia: Report of an LBDA Symposium

Gregory D. Scott, Moriah R. Arnold, Thomas G. Beach, Christopher H. Gibbons, Anumantha G. Kanthasamy, Russell M. Lebovitz, Afina W. Lemstra, Leslie M. Shaw, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Henrik Zetterberg, Angela S. Taylor, Todd C. Graham, Bradley F. Boeve, Stephen N. Gomperts, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Charbel E.-H. Moussa, Kathleen L. Poston, Liana S. Rosenthal, Marwan N. Sabbagh, Ryan R. Walsh, Miriam T. Weber, Melissa J. Armstrong, Jee A. Bang, Andrea C. Bozoki, Kimiko Domoto-Reilly, John E. Duda, Jori E. Fleisher, Douglas R. Galasko, James E. Galvin, Jennifer G. Goldman, Samantha K. Holden, Lawrence S. Honig, Daniel E. Huddleston, James B. Leverenz, Irene Litvan, Carol A. Manning, Karen S. Marder, Alexander Y. Pantelyat, Victoria S. Pelak, Douglas W. Scharre, Sharon J. Sha, Holly A. Shill, Mari Zoltan, Joseph F. Quinn, David J. Irwin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: cerebrospinal fluid; alpha-synuclein; skin biopsy; seeded aggregation assays; tau, amyloid; Lewy body dementia

Online: 7 September 2021 (16:26:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0231.v1

Stochastic Activation Function Layers for Convolutional Neural Networks

Loris Nanni, Alessandra Lumini, Stefano Ghidoni, Gianluca Maguolo

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: Convolutional Neural Networks; ensemble of classifiers; activation functions; image classification; skin detection

Online: 17 February 2020 (01:50:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0086.v1

Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A in the Treatment of Oily Skin and Acne: Evidence and a Proposed Mechanism

Nark-Kyoung Rho, Young-Chun Gil

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: acetylcholine; acne vulgaris; botulinum toxins; cholinergic receptors; non-neuronal cholinergic system; oily skin; sebaceous glands; sebum

Online: 3 November 2021 (14:26:33 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Could Strengthening the Gut and Skin Microbiome Help with the Adverse Effects after Stopping Long Term Topical Steroid Use?

Christopher Wallen-Russell, Anja Gijsberts-Veens, Samuel Wallen-Russell

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: topical steroid withdrawal; topical steroids; eczema; atopic dermatitis; skin microbiome; gut mi-crobiome; microbiome; biodiversity; skin allergy epidemic;

Online: 8 September 2021 (20:19:35 CEST)

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We set up this preliminary study to evaluate one main question: could strengthening the microbiome have potential benefits for patients suffering with adverse effects after stopping long term topical steroid use? We aim to turn it into a much larger study if the results show promise. After commonly being prescribed for eczema, cessation of topical steroid use, especially after long periods of inappropriate use, can leave lasting adverse effects on the body and skin, known by some as topical steroid withdrawal (TSW). Furthermore, the subsequent withdrawal the body experiences when coming off the drug can leave lasting adverse effects on the body and skin, known by some as topical steroid withdrawal (TSW). This preliminary study involved seven human participants suffering with skin problems associated with TSW who approached Dr. Anja Gijsberts-Veens of their own volition because they were interested in more natural recovery methods. Five completed the study in full. Progress in skin condition was tracked by self-assessed symptom severity questionnaires filled out at the beginning and end of the study. The skin microbiome was addressed by using a 100% natural product shown in previous work to significantly increase skin microbiome biodiversity. Three participants implemented dietary changes and supplementation in response to guidance after fecal sample analysis to improve their gut health and biodiversity. The average improvement in skin symptoms for all participants was 40% and average symptom improvement ranged from 14% for Patient 5 to 92% for Patient 1. On average, the participants saw an improvement in 85% of their symptoms and a stagnation or regression in 11% and 4% respectively. We believe these results show enough promise to warrant expansion of this research to use a larger sample size, preferably 50+ participants, in future work. We also aim to swab the skin of participants to assess the effect on the skin microbiome from skin and gut treatments, as well as including more in-depth analysis of skin and gut microbiomes.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0166.v2

The Effect of a Color Tattoo on the Local Skin Redox Regulatory Network: An N-of-1 Study

Jan Homolak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Tattoo; Tattoo ink; Oxidative stress; Phthalocyanine; Skin

Online: 2 December 2020 (11:05:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0564.v1

Antioxidant and Reduced Skin Ageing Effects of A Polyphenol-Enriched Dietary Supplement in Response to Air Pollution: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Vincenzo Nobile, Irene Schiano, Ana Peral, Silvana Giardina, Eleanora Sparta, Nuria Caturla

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: air pollution; skin; nutraceutical; natural compound; polyphenols; antioxidant; skin barrier; anti-agein; clinical trial

Online: 24 September 2020 (04:38:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0112.v2

Another Approach to the Analysis of Isotropic Rectangular Thin Plates Subjected to External Bending Moments Using the Fourier Series

Valentin Fogang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Isotropic rectangular thin plate; concentrated/distributed bending moment; plates of infinite length; Lévy solution; Fourier sine series

Online: 21 July 2023 (12:53:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0105.v1

Commercial Topical Probiotics for the Skin Microbiome: The Majority Do Not Contain Live Microbes and May Not Satisfy Criteria for Safe and Effective Use

Christopher Wallen-Russell, Samuel Wallen-Russell

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: topical probiotics; skin microbiome; probiotics; biodiversity; microbiome; skin allergy; cosmetics

Online: 9 October 2022 (03:34:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0722.v1

Cytotoxic Evaluation of Hair Relaxers and Straighteners Actives in Human-Derived Skin Cells

Maribanyana Lebeko, Elvis Kidzeru, Ntombenhle Sishi, Jamie Pillaye, Thulisa Mkatazo, Afolake Arowolo, Nonhlanhla Khumalo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Hair cosmetic toxicity; Skin models; Chemical hair straighteners actives

Online: 30 June 2021 (09:38:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0192.v1

Nicotinamide (aka Niacinamide) Mitigates SASP-Related Inflammation Induced by Environmental Stressors in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes

John C. Bierman, Timothy Laughlin, Makio Tamura, Ben C. Hulette, Catherine E. Mack, Christina Y. R. Tan, Malgorzata Morenc, Sophie Bellanger, John E. Oblong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: epidermal keratinocytes; inflammation; nicotinamide; skin; ultraviolet radiation; environmental stressors

Online: 12 March 2020 (03:23:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0382.v1

Electrochemical Behaviour of a Gold Film- Glassy Carbon Electrode for Determination of Chromium (VI)

Nevila Broli, Loreta Vallja, Majlinda Vasjari

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: Chromium (VI); thin gold film; glassy carbon electrode and differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry

Online: 19 January 2021 (13:52:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0118.v1

Resolving the Problem of Thin Films Crystallinity at Ambient Temperature by Oriented Magnetic Fields

Stefan S. Ručman, Pisith Singjai, Winita Punyodom, Jaroon Jakmunee

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: crystallization of thin films; ambient crystallization; room temperature crystallization; magnet induce crystallization; sparking discharge

Online: 7 June 2018 (11:32:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0037.v1

Characterization and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Bovine Dermcidin, a Novel Antimicrobial Peptide Gene

Nevien Sabry, Tarek Moussa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Bos taurus; skin; bovine dermcidin; RT-PCR; antimicrobial activity

Online: 6 May 2019 (08:35:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0441.v1

A Novel Method of Synthesizing Graphene for Electronic Device Applications

Nierlly Galvão, Getulio Vasconcelos, Rodrigo Pessoa, João Machado, Marciel Guerino, Mariana Fraga, Bruno Rodrigues, Julien Camus, Mohamed Djouadi, Homero Maciel

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: graphene synthesis; silicon carbide; thin film; high-power impulse magnetron sputtering; thermal decomposition, electronic devices

Online: 30 May 2018 (08:22:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0333.v2

Synthesis and Deposition of Thermochromic VO2 Thin Films from Peroxide-based Chemical Solutions

Matthias Van Zele, Hannes Rijckaert, Davy Deduytsche, Christophe Detavernier, Isabel Van Driessche, Dirk Poelman, Klaartje De Buysser

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: Wet chemical deposition; crystalline thin films; vanadium dioxide; thermochromism

Online: 17 February 2021 (10:38:44 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Evaluation of Punicalagin Niosomes for Skin Aging

Ebtesam A. Mohamad, Aya A. Aly, Aya A. Khalaf, Mona I. Ahmed, Reham M. Kamel, Sherouk M. Abdelnaby, Yasmine H. Abdelzaher, Marize G. Sedrak, Shaker A. Mousa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: skin aging; punicalagin; niosomes; UV radiation; collagen

Online: 24 March 2021 (17:35:18 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0036.v1

Mast Cells in the Skin: Defenders of Integrity or Offenders in Inflammation?

Martin Voss, Johanna Kotrba, Evelyn Gaffal, Konstantinos Katsoulis-Dimitriou, Anne Dudeck

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: mast cells; innate immunity; host defense; skin; inflammatory skin disorders

Online: 1 April 2021 (17:44:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0142.v1

Chronic Kidney Disease–Associated Pruritus is Caused by Dysregulated Ion Channels in Sensory Neurons

Akishi Momose, Michihiko Yabe, Shigetoshi Chiba, Kenjirou Kumakawa, Yasuo Shiraiwa, Hiroki Mizukami

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: uremic pruritus; ion channels; cell signaling; Cav3.2 calcium channel; RT-PCR; skin

Online: 14 September 2019 (19:00:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0498.v1

Energy Engineering Approach for Rural Areas Cattle Farmers in Bangladesh to Reduce COVID-19 Impact on Food-Safety

Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Mohammad Nasirul Hoque, Soyed Mohiuddin Ahmed, Mohammad Khairul Basher, and Narottam Das

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Cattle farming; COVID-19 pandemic; economic point of view; food safety; HOMER; hybrid system; smallholder; thin-film coating

Online: 21 September 2020 (07:32:51 CEST)

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This paper reports on the optimization of thin-film coating assisted self-sustainable off-grid hybrid power generation systems for cattle farming in rural areas of Bangladesh. Bangladesh is a lower middle-income country with declining rates of poverty among its 160 million people due to persistent economic growth in conjunction with balanced agricultural improvements. Most of the rural households adopt a mixed farming system by cultivating crops and simultaneously rearing livestock. Among the animals raised, cattle are considered as the most valuable asset for the small/medium-scale farmers in terms of their meat and milk production. Currently, along with the major health issue, the COVID-19 pandemic is hindering the world’s economic growth and has thrust millions into unemployment; Bangladesh is also in this loop. However, natural disasters such as COVID-19 pandemic and floods, largely constrain rural smallholder cattle farmers from climbing out of their poverty. In particular, small and medium-scale cattle farmers face many issues that obstruct them from taking advantage of market opportunities and imposing a greater burden on their families and incomes. An appropriate measure can give a way to make those cattle farmers’ businesses both profitable and sustainable. Optimization of thin-film coating assisted self-sustainable off-grid hybrid power generation system for cattle farming is a new and forward-looking approach for sustainable development of the livestock sector. In this study, we design and optimize a thin-film coating assisted hybrid (photovoltaic-battery-generator) power system by using the Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER, Version 3.14.0) simulation tool. An analysis of the results has suggested that the off-grid hybrid system is more feasible for small and medium-scale cattle farming systems with long-term sustainability to overcome the significant challenges faced by smallholder cattle farmers in Bangladesh.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0407.v1

Novel Whole-Cell Inactivated Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Microparticle Vaccine Formulation in Microneedles for Transdermal Immunization

Rikhav P. Gala, Rokon Uz Zaman, Martin J. D'Souza, Susu M. Zughaier

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: neisseria gonorrhoeae; gonorrhea; vaccine; microneedle; skin patch; nanotechnology; antigen-specific antibody; antigen-specific CD4 T lymphocytes

Online: 23 July 2018 (09:43:29 CEST)

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Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a strict human pathogen responsible for more than 100 million new sexually transmitted infections worldwide each year. Due to the global emergence of antibiotic resistance, the CDC recently listed N. gonorrhoeae as an urgent threat to public health. No vaccine is available in spite of the huge disease burden and the possibility of untreatable gonorrhea. The aim of this study is to investigate the immunogenicity of a novel whole-cell based inactivated gonococcal microparticle vaccine formulation loaded in dissolvable microneedles for transdermal administration. The nanotechnology-based vaccine formulation consists of inactivated whole-cell gonococci strain CDC-F62, spray dried and encapsulated into biodegradable cross-linked albumin matrix with sustained slow antigen release. The dry vaccine nanoparticles were then loaded in a dissolvable microneedle skin patch for transdermal delivery. The efficacy of the whole-cell microparticles vaccine formulation loaded in microneedles was assessed in vitro using dendritic ,cells and macrophages as well as in vivo mouse model. Antibody titers were measured using an ELISA and antigen-specific T lymphocytes were assessed in spleens and lymph nodes. Here we report that whole-cell based gonococcal microparticle vaccine loaded in dissolvable microneedles for transdermal administration induced significant increase in antigen-specific IgG antibody titers and antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes in mice compared to gonococcal antigens in solution or empty microneedles. Significant increase in antigen-specific IgG antibody levels was observed at end of week 2 in groups that received the vaccine compared to the group receiving empty nanoparticles. The advantages of using formalin-fixed whole-cell gonococci that all immunogenic epitopes are covered and preserved from degradation. The spherical shaped micro and nanoparticles are biological mimics of gonococci, therefore present to the immune system as invaders but without the ability to suppress adaptive immunity. In conclusion, the transdermal delivery of microparticles vaccine via a microneedle patch was shown to be an effective system for vaccine delivery. The novel gonorrhea nanovaccine is cheap to produce in a stable dry powder and can be delivered in microneedle skin patch obviating the need for needle use or the cold chain.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0490.v1

Anti-Aging Efficacy of Melatonin-Based Cream: Clinical and Instrumental Skin Evaluation

Massimo Milani, Mario Puviani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: melatonin, skin aging, ANTERA 3D.

Online: 25 September 2018 (15:43:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0215.v1

Major Depressive Disorder is Associated with Impaired Mitochondrial Function in Skin Fibroblasts

Kerstin Kuffner, Julian Triebelhorn, Katrin Meindl, Christoph Benner, André Manook, Daniel Sudria, Ramona Siebert, Caroline Nothdurfter, Thomas C. Baghai, Konstantin Drexler, Mark Berneburg, Rainer Rupprecht, Vladimir M. Milenkovic, Christian H. Wetzel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: major depression; skin fibroblasts; mitochondria; bioenergetics; oxidative phosphorylation; adenosine triphosphate; calcium imaging; mitochondrial membrane potential; mitochondrial DNA copy number

Online: 12 March 2020 (14:11:25 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0570.v1

Skin Involvement in Paediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

Stefano Passanisi, Giuseppina Salzano, Fortunato Lombardo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Advanced glycation end-products; contact dermatitis; granuloma annulare; insulin; lipoatrophy; lipohypertrophy; necrobiosis lipoidica; skin autofluorescence

Online: 27 January 2021 (16:24:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0059.v1

Properties of Ferrite Garnet (Bi, Lu, Y)₃(Fe, Ga)₅O₁₂ Thin Film Materials Prepared by RF Magnetron Sputtering

Mohammad Nur E Alam, Mikhail Vasiliev, Vladimir Belotelov, Kamal Alameh

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: magneto-optics; magnetic thin films; optical constants

Online: 3 May 2018 (08:59:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0325.v1

Effect of Aluminum Nitride Buffer Layer Deposited by Molecular Beam Epitaxy on the Growth of Aluminum Nitride Thin Films Deposited by DC Magnetron Sputtering Technique

B. Riah, Julien Camus, Abdelhak Ayad, Mohammad Rammal, Raouia Zernadji, Nadjet Rouag, M.A. Djouadi

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Hexagonal AlN; thin films; Direct current magnetron sputtering; Texture; fiber; heteroepitaxial growth

Online: 14 July 2021 (11:38:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0756.v1

Realistic Hair Simulator for Skin lesion Images Using Conditional Generative Adversarial Network

Mohamed Attia, Mohammed Hossny, Hailing Zhou, Anosha Yazdabadi, Hamed Asadi, Saeid Nahavandi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Dermoscopic Image, Skin Lesion, Melanoma, Simulation, Generative Adversarial Networks, Deep Learning

Online: 1 November 2018 (17:54:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0174.v1

Computing the Effect of Environmental Damage on Aircraft Structural Integrity

Rhys Jones, Daren Peng, Neil Matthews, Nam Phan

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Metals, Alloys And Metallurgy Keywords: operational aircraft; skin corrosion; fatigue crack growth; stress corrosion cracking; buckling

Online: 12 June 2018 (08:36:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0146.v1

Thin Film Composite and/or Thin Film Nanocomposite Hollow Fiber Membrane for Water Treatment, Pervaporation and Gas/Vapor Separation

Kailsh Khulbe, T. Matsuura

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: thin composite hollow fiber; water treatment; water vapor separation; dehydration of alcohols; pervaporation

Online: 11 June 2018 (04:47:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0049.v1

Comparison of Fire Behavior of Thermally Thin and Thick Latex Foam Under Bottom Ventilation

Qi Yuan, Dongmei Huang, Yiwei Hu, Liming Shen, Long Shi, Mingzhen Zhang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: natural rubber latex foam; fire behavior; thermally thin materials; thermally thick materials

Online: 2 November 2018 (10:29:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0279.v1

Modification of Nanofiber Support Layer for Thin Film Composite Forward Osmosis Membranes via Layer-By-Layer Polyelectrolyte Deposition

Ralph Rolly Gonzales, Myoung Jun Park, Leonard Tijing, Dong Suk Han, Sherub Phuntsho, Hokyong Shon

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: membrane; forward osmosis; nanofiber; electrospinning; layered interfacial polymerization; layer-by-layer; thin film composite

Online: 16 July 2018 (11:28:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0177.v1

The Role of Every-Day Cosmetics in Altering the Skin Microbiome: A Study Using Biodiversity

Christopher Wallen-Russell

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: skin allergy epidemic; skin microbiome; skin microbiome diversity; effect of synthetic cosmetics on skin; biodiversity; synthetic ingredients in modern cosmetics; skin health; healthy skin bacteria; damaged skin bacteria

Online: 17 December 2018 (07:27:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0378.v1

Salt-Cured Atlantic Cod Skin: A Sustainable Source of Acid-Soluble Type I Collagen

Ezequiel Coscueta, María Emilia Brassesco, Manuela Pintado

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: salt-cured cod skin; Gadus morhua; collagen; fishery by-products; biomaterials

Online: 17 February 2021 (10:39:19 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0176.v1

Recent Advances of Natural Cellulosic Non-Woven Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

Mohammadreza Aghazadeh, Sheyda Delfanian, Pouria Aghakhani, Shahin Homaeigohar, Atefeh Alipour, Hosein Shahsavarani

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Polymeric Biomaterials; Natural Cellulose; Tissue Engineering; Differentiation; Bone Regeneration; Skin Regeneration; Cardiac Regeneration; Vascular Regeneration; Neural Regeneration

Online: 14 February 2022 (14:02:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0607.v1

Effects of Limonene on the PAHs mutagenicity risk in Roasted Fish Skin

Yu-Wei Chen, Ping-Hsiu Huang, Yung-Hsiang Tsai, Chii-Ming Jiang, Chih-Yao Hou

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: Roasted Fish Skin, PAHs mutagenicity risk, Limonene

Online: 30 September 2018 (10:03:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0227.v1

Fabrication and Internal Functionalization of Highly Macroporous WO₃Thin Films

Maria Ojeda, Cale Gaster, Clifton Harris

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: thin films; WO3; photocatalysis

Online: 11 October 2018 (04:10:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0215.v1

Elucidating Role of Bacteria in Psoriatic Disease: From Skin and Gut Perspectives

Bakytgul Yermekbayeva, Togzhan Algazina, Madina Razbekova, Albert Pinhasov, Gulnar Batpenova, Almagul Kushugulova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: gut microbiota; skin microbiota; inflammation; psoriasis; psoriatic arthritis; dysbiosis

Online: 12 September 2018 (07:49:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0228.v1

Low Concentration Response Hydrogen Sensors Based on Wheatstone Bridge

Hongchuan Jiang, Xiaoyu Tian, Xinwu Deng, Xiaohui Zhao, Luying Zhang, Wanli Zhang, Jianfeng Zhang, Yifan Huang

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: hydrogen sensors; PdNi thin films; Wheatstone bridge; low concentration

Online: 25 February 2019 (14:34:58 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

KIT Mutation Incidence and Pattern of Skin Melanoma in a Central European Country

Viktoria Doma, Tamas Barbai, Marius Beleaua, Ilona Kovalszky, Erzsebet Raso, Jozsef Timar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: skin melanoma, KIT mutation, Sanger sequencing

Online: 6 August 2019 (12:33:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0228.v1

Cavitation Erosion and Wear Mechanisms of AlTiN and TiAlN Films Deposited on Stainless Steel Substrate

Mirosław Szala, Mariusz Walczak, Kamil Pasierbiewicz, Mariusz Kamiński

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: cavitation erosion; sliding wear; thin film; AlTiN; TiAlN; mechanical properties; stainless steel; adhesion

Online: 19 April 2019 (12:42:27 CEST)

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Stainless steel grade AISI 304 is one of the most widespread modern structural material, alas its sliding wear and cavitation wear resistance are limited. Thus, AlTiN and TiAlN coatings can be deposited for increasing the resistance to wear of stainless steel components. The aim of the work was to investigate the cavitation erosion and sliding wear mechanisms of magnetron sputtered AlTiN and TiAlN coatings deposited on SS304 stainless steel. Films surface morphology and structure were examined using a profilometer, light optical microscope (LOM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanical properties (hardness, elastic modulus) were tested by nanoindentation tester. The adhesion of deposited coatings was determined by means of the scratch test and Rockwell test. Cavitation erosion tests were performed according to ASTM G32 (vibratory apparatus) with stationary specimen procedure. Sliding wear tests were conducted using a nano-tribo testes i.e. ball-on-disc apparatus. Wear mechanisms are strongly contingent upon the structure and morphology of the tested materials. In relation to stainless steel substrate, the PVD films present a superior resistance to sliding wear and cavitation erosion. Higher resistance was noticed for AlTiN than for TiAlN film, mainly due to its superior hardness and elastic modulus. Cavitation erosion mechanism of both, AlTiN and AlTiN coatings is prone to embrittlement, imputable to fatigue processes that result in coating rupture and spallation that consist in coating fragmentation, formation of pits and finally detachment from the substrate. Additionally, films nanoindentation results measured before and after cavitation testing indicate changes in coatings structure, that acknowledged wear mechanism that starts with coating internal delamination in flake spallation mode. In contrary to PVD coatings, steel substrate is characterized by developed cavitation erosion wear with roughened surface and plastically deformed, semi-brittle, eroded surface. Sliding wear of thin films is based on micro-ploughing mechanism. For stainless steel adhesive sliding wear mode and plastic deformation with smearing, material transfer and grooving were observed. It was confirmed that various fluid machinery components made from austenitic stainless steel that undergo cavitation erosion, can be prevented by deposition of AlTiN and TiAlN films.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0601.v1

Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Properties of TiCu(Ag) Thin Films Produced by Physical Vapor Deposition Magnetron Sputtering

Saqib Rashid, Gian Marco Vita, Luca Persichetti, Giovanna Iucci, Chiara Battocchio, Rostislav Daniel, Daniela Visaggio, Martina Marsotto, Paolo Visca, Edoardo Bemporad, Paolo Ascenzi, Giovanni Capellini, Marco Sebastiani, Alessandra Di Masi

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: bactericidal; biocompatibility; copper; human fibroblast; physical vapor deposition (PVD); silver; titanium; thin films

Online: 24 June 2021 (11:04:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0413.v1

Physical Vapor Deposited Silver (AG) Based Metal-Dielectric Nanocomposites for Advanced Thin-Film and Coating Applications

Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Mohammad Khairul Basher, Mikhail Vasiliev, Narottam Das

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: nanocomposite; thin-film materials; coatings; spectrally-selective coating.

Online: 19 July 2021 (13:29:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0229.v1

The Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Wound Repair and Regeneration

Bruna Lopes, Patrícia Sousa, Rui D. Alvites, Mariana Vieira Branquinho, Ana Catarina Sousa, Carla Mendonça, Luís Miguel Atayde, Ana Colette Maurício

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: skin regeneration; wound healing; skin stem cells; skin vascularization; 3D printing.

Online: 8 March 2021 (15:26:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0614.v1

Comparative Study of Biological Characteristics, and Osteoblast Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Established From Camelus Dromedaries Skeletal Muscle, Dermal Skin, and Adipose Tissues

Young-Bum Son, Yeon Ik Jeong, Yeon Woo Jeong, Mohammad Shamim Hossein, Alex Tinson, Kuhad Kuldip Singh, Woo Suk Hwang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells; Camelus dromedaries; skeletal muscle; dermal skin; adipose tissue; differentiation

Online: 1 March 2021 (17:40:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0120.v1

Optimised Performance of Non-Dispersive Infrared Gas Sensors Using Multilayer Thin Film Bandpass Filters

Pinggui Wang, Xiuhua Fu, Des Gibson, Lewis Fleming, Cheng Li, Manu Muhiyudin, Shigeng Song, David Hutson, David Moodie, Calum MacGregor, Matthew Steer

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: NDIR; methane; sensor; infrared; thin film; III-V; heterostructure; bandpass; microwave; sputter; MBE

Online: 7 October 2018 (10:52:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0274.v1

The Non-Uniform and Asymmetric Thermal Radiation upon the Human Physiological Responses in Outdoor Environment

Yoshihito Kurazumi, Kenta Fukagawa, Tomonori Sakoi, Ariya Aruninta, Ken Yamashita

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: asymmetry; mean skin temperature; non-uniform; outdoor environment; physiological response; skin temperature; solar radiation

Online: 16 July 2018 (10:46:36 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

An Electronic Skin Readout System for Liquid Metal based Flexible Resistor Sensor Array

Huan Qian Zhang, Jee Chin Teoh, Jian Feng Wu, Longteng Yu, Rui-Heng Wang, Deleon Mark Francis, Chwee Teck Lim

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Resistive sensor array; measurement error; zero potential methods; liquid metal; flexible electrical skin

Online: 24 January 2020 (14:49:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0550.v1

Graphene Oxide Topical Administration: Skin Permeability Studies

Filipa A. L. S. Silva, Raquel Costa-Almeida, Licínia Timochenco, Sara I. Amaral, Soraia Pinto, Inês C. Gonçalves, José R. Fernandes, Fernão D. Magalhães, Bruno Sarmento, Artur M. Pinto

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: biocompatibility; carbon nanomaterials; graphite; phototherapy; skin disease.

Online: 22 March 2021 (15:47:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0189.v1

An Advanced Mode of Antioxidants Delivery System Effective in the Treatment of ROS and Skin Permeation of The Cosmetic Formulations - The Possible Application of Clove Oil, Eugenol and New Eugenol Derivative

Edyta Makuch, Anna Nowak, Andrzej Günther, Robert Pełech, Łukasz Kucharski, Wiktoria Duchnik, Adam Klimowicz

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: antioxidants for the treatment of ROS; new ester of eugenol; cosmetic formulations with clove water; skin penetration; Franz cell

Online: 9 October 2020 (08:59:05 CEST)

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The main focus of this work is to extend the knowledge about the complexity of issues of oxidative stress. Natural compounds play a serious role in multiple aspects of both human, leading to clear health-promoting effects. This work is focused on the potential application cosmetic formulations containing including but not limited to of clove water and isolated clove oils on their aid in the control of the diseases. The aim of our work was to prepare to evaluate cosmetic formulations containing clove oil, eugenol or new eugenol ester derivative (eugenyl dichloroacetate - EDChA) but also cosmetic formulations containing the aqueous phase obtained after separation of essential oil following the clove buds steam distillation. To evaluate the antioxidants transdermal delivery system, in vitro permeation experiments in a Franz diffusion cell were performed using pig skin. The antioxidative capacity of the cosmetic formulations obtained was determined by the DPPH free radical reduction method. In the next stage, the antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, and Folin–Ciocalteu methods) of the fluid that penetrated through pig skin and of the fluid obtained after skin extraction, were also evaluated. For comparison, studies of cosmetic formulation containing alone dichloroacetic acid (DChAA) were as well carried out. The obtained cosmetic formulations were characterized by of antioxidant activity estimated after 24 hours of conducting the experiment, which indicates long-term protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the deeper layers of the skin. The results of this work contribute to the development of cosmetic formulations with antioxidant potential, emphasizing that the water phases are waste from the process of cloves steam distillation and are not used to prepare cosmetic formulations. The use of waste water from the clove buds steam distillation process is environmentally friendly and not allows us to waste, containing however valuable biologically active compounds (furfural, methyl salicylate, 4-allilofenol, eugenol, α- and β-caryophyllene, eugenyl acetate, β-caryophyllene oxide). Together, these results suggest that cosmetic formulations may be potential drug candidates for chemopreventive, antineoplastic and antimutagenic therapy.

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