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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0148.v1

Erroneous AI-classification Systems Produce Creative Design Ideas, Predicting Level of Innovation Value

Johan F. Hoorn

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Architecture Keywords: false-class inclusions; serendipity; machine vision; creativity; innovativeness

Online: 10 June 2022 (04:35:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0279.v2

COVID-19 Testing – Impact of Prevalence, Sensitivity, and Specificity on Patient Risk and Cost

Zoe C. Brooks, Saswati Das

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: COVID19; risk; clinical; metrics; cost; false-positive; false-negative; prevalence; sensitivity; specificity

Online: 9 July 2020 (15:57:30 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0481.v1

Minimizing Errors in RT-PCR Detection and Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for Wastewater Surveillance

Warish Ahmed, Stuart Simpson, Paul Bertsch, Kyle Bibby, Aaron Bivins, Linda Blackall, Silvia Bofill-Mas, Albert Bosch, Joao Brandao, Phil Choi, Mark Ciesielski, Erica Donner, Nishita D'Souza, Andreas Farnleitner, Daniel Gerrity, Raul Gonzalez, John Griffith, Pradip Gyawali, Charles Haas, Kerry Hamilton, Chanditha Hapuarachchi, Valerie Harwood, Rehnuma Haque, Greg Jackson, Stuart Khan, Wesaal Khan, Masaaki Kitajima, Asja Korajkic, Giuseppina La Rosa, Blythe Layton, Erin Lipp, Sandra McLellan, Brian McMinn, Gertjan Medema, Suzanne Metcalfe, Wim Meijer, Jochen Mueller, Heather Murphy, Colleen Naughton, Rachel Noble, Sudhi Payyappat, Susan Petterson, Tarja Pitkanen, Veronica Rajal, Brandon Reyneke, Fernando Roman, Joan Rose, Marta Rusinol, Michael Sadowsky, Laura Sala-Comorera, Yin Xiang Setoh, Samendra Sherchan, Kwanrawee Sirikanchana, Wendy Smith, Joshua Steele, Rosalie Sabburg, Erin Symonds, Phong Thai, Kevin Thomas, Josh Tynan, Simon Toze, Janelle Thompson, Andy Whiteley, Judith Wong, Daisuke Sano, Stefan Wuertz, Irene Xagoraraki, Qian Zhang, Amity Zimmer-Faust, Orin Shanks

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater; Surveillance; False-positive; False-negative; RT-PCR

Online: 19 April 2021 (13:08:13 CEST)

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Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective, resource-efficient tool for gathering additional community-level public health information, including the incidence and/or prevalence and trends of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater may provide an early-warning signal of COVID-19 infections in a community. The capacity of the world’s environmental microbiology and virology laboratories for SARS-CoV-2 RNA characterization in wastewater is rapidly increasing. However, there are no standardized protocols nor harmonized quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance. This paper is a technical review of factors that can lead to false-positive and -negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, culminating in recommendations and strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate these errors. Recommendations include, stringent QA/QC measures, representative sampling approaches, effective virus concentration and efficient RNA extraction, amplification inhibition assessment, inclusion of sample processing controls, and considerations for RT-PCR assay selection and data interpretation. Clear data interpretation guidelines (e.g., determination of positive and negative samples) are critical, particularly during a low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. Corrective and confirmatory actions must be in place for inconclusive and/or potentially significant results (e.g., initial onset or reemergence of COVID-19 in a community). It will also be prudent to perform inter-laboratory comparisons to ensure results are reliable and interpretable for ongoing and retrospective analyses. The strategies that are recommended in this review aim to improve SARS-CoV-2 characterization for wastewater surveillance applications. A silver lining of the COVID-19 pandemic is that the efficacy of wastewater surveillance was demonstrated during this global crisis. In the future, wastewater will play an important role in the surveillance of a range of other communicable diseases.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0094.v3

“Clinician’s Probability Calculator” to Convert Pre-Test to Post-Test Probability of COVID-19, Based on Method Validation from Each Laboratory

Zoe Brooks, Saswati Das, Tom Pliura

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-COV-2; False-Positive; False-Negative; Likelihood Ratio; Probability; Calculator; Interpretation

Online: 3 March 2021 (10:08:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1068.v1

Design, Fabrication, and Evaluation of a Phase-Resolved Partial Discharge Sensor embedded in MV-Class Bushing

Gyeong-Yeol Lee, Nam-Hoon Kim, Dong-Eon Kim, Gyung-Suk Kil, Sung-Wook Kim

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: PRPD sensor; MV-class bushing; accuracy class; phase error; partial discharges

Online: 16 November 2023 (09:29:15 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0201.v2

Detecting the Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Pravin Pokhrel, Changpeng Hu, Hanbin Mao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 Detection, SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Test, SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test, False Negative, False Positive, Sensitivity, Specificity, Point-of-care testing (POCT), SARS-CoV-2 Mutants

Online: 25 March 2021 (15:33:14 CET)

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The COVID-19 pandemic has created huge damage to society and brought panics around the world. Such panics can be ascribed to the seemingly deceptive features of the COVID-19: compared to other deadly viral outspreads, it has medium transmission and mortality rates. As a result, the severity of the causative coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was deeply underestimated by the society at the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak. Based on this, in this review, we define the viruses with features similar to those of SARS-CoV-2 as the Panic Zone viruses. To contain those viruses, accurate and fast diagnosis followed by effective isolation and treatment of patients are pivotal at the early stage of virus breakouts. This is especially true when there is no cure or vaccine available for a transmissible disease, which is the case for current COVID-19 pandemic. As of January 2021, more than two hundred kits for the COVID-19 diagnosis on the market are surveyed in this review, while emerging sensing techniques for SARS-CoV-2 are also discussed. It is of critical importance to rationally use these kits for the efficient management and control of the Panic Zone viruses. Therefore, we discuss guidelines to select diagnostic kits at different outbreak stages of the Panic Zone viruses, SARS-CoV-2 in particular. While it is of utmost importance to use nucleic acid-based detection kits with low false negativity (high sensitivity) at the early stage of an outbreak, the low false positivity (high specificity) gains its importance at later stages of the outbreak. When a society is set to reopen from the lock-down stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, it becomes critical to have antibody based immunoassay kits with high specificity to identify people who can safely return to the society after their recovery of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Given that the emergence of mutant viruses at the beginning of 2021 has complicated current battle against the COVID-19, we also discussed approaches and guidelines to detect viral mutants in the middle of the second wave of the pandemic that started at the end of 2020. Finally, since a massive attack from a viral pandemic requires a massive defense from the whole society, we urge both government and private sectors to research and develop more affordable and reliable point-of-care testing (POCT) kits, which can be used massively by the general public (and therefore called as massive POCT) to contain Panic Zone viruses in future.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0493.v1

Observations from the proteomics bench

Simone König, Karin Schork, Martin Eisenacher

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: mass spectrometry; bioinformatics; proteomics; false-positives

Online: 5 January 2024 (12:07:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0455.v1

Young Masculinities and Right-Wing Populism in Australia

Pam Nilan, Josh Roose, Mario Peucker, Bryan S Turner

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: Far right; masculinity; class; entitlement

Online: 28 October 2022 (10:22:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1461.v1

Multi-Entity Real-Time Fraud Detection System using Machine Learning: Improving Fraud Detection Efficiency using FROST-Enhanced Oversampling

M PRASAD, T SRIKANTH

Subject: Computer Science, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: Classification, sampling, majority class, minority class, Classifier, Smote, Frost, k-nearest neighbors, Random Forest

Online: 23 April 2024 (11:50:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0027.v1

CNN-Based Facial Expression Recognition with Simultaneous Consideration of Inter-class and Intra-class Variations

Trong-Dong Pham, Minh-Thien Duong, Quoc-Thien Ho, Seongsoo Lee, Min-Cheol Hong

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: facial expression recognition; convolutional neural networks; loss function; intra-class variations; inter-class variations

Online: 1 November 2023 (09:33:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0069.v1

The Effect of Humidity on the Electrical Resistance of Smart Sensor Based on Carbon Fibers

Marcin Górski, Rafał Krzywoń, Sofija Kekez

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: textile sensor; carbon fiber; false strain compensation

Online: 7 February 2019 (11:28:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0786.v1

Factors Affecting Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices among Working Class Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Egbedore Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria

Ruth T. Abioye, Adeyemi O. Omoge, Olawumi J. Ajao, Blessing O Olatunji, Elizabeth O. Olatunji, Oluwatoromoleyin M. Olamide, Adedapo O. Dada

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, Working class, Women, Knowledge.

Online: 13 October 2023 (08:27:52 CEST)

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Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first 6 months of life improves the growth, health and survival status of newborns. Breastfeeding has been accepted as the most vital intervention for reducing infant mortality and ensuring optimal growth and development of children. Objectives: The general objective was to identify the factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding among working class women in selected wards in Egbedore Local Government in Osun state, Nigeria. Methodology: This was descriptive cross-sectional study. Leslie Kish formula was used for sample size calculation and multistage sampling was used in selecting 316 working class women for the study. A structured, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 and level of significance was set at 5%. Results: 58% of the respondents were between the ages of 25-30. 72% demonstrated good understanding of exclusive breastfeeding based on the 6 months WHO recommendation for exclusive breast feeding, 25.9% had a fair knowledge and awareness of exclusive breastfeeding. 63.3% of the working class mother has a good practice of exclusive breast feeding, 19.6% of the women moderately practices exclusive breastfeeding while 17.1% poorly practices exclusive breastfeeding. Less than 3-months maternity leave for mothers, lack of crèche closer to place of work and lack of breastfeeding break were identified as barriers to exclusive breastfeeding practices among the working class women. The findings demonstrated a significant relationship between knowledge and practices of exclusively breastfeeding among working class women (P-value .009). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that working class women had good knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding and this influenced their breastfeeding practices. A good knowledge was associated with favorable attitudes to the practice of exclusive breast feeding. To derive long-term benefits from early childhood nutrition, interventions should focus on health education and community-based sensitization programs on the needs for mothers to engage in exclusive breast needing for global development.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0421.v1

A Practical Approach for Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction, the Gold Standard in Microbiological Diagnosis

Tímea Mosolygó, Krisztián Laczi, Gabriella Spengler, Katalin Burián

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: laboratory practical class; undergraduate teaching; qPCR

Online: 24 September 2021 (09:04:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0966.v1

Category-Based Effect on False Memory of People with Down Syndrome

Ching-Fen Hsu, Qian Jiang, Shi-Yu Rao

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: down syndrome; false memory; concept formation; nouns; verbs

Online: 16 April 2024 (02:21:41 CEST)

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Background: People with Down syndrome (DS) have a trisomy of chromosome 21 and marked deficits in verbal memory but relatively preserved visuospatial perception. Verbal memories are related to semantic knowledge. Little is known about the organization of semantic knowledge in people with DS, which was the aim of this study. Aims: The extent of false memory in people with DS was examined. Possible differences in the number of false memories induced by nominal and verbal themes were examined. Methods and Procedures: In the study phase, ten word lists with semantically related associates were presented. In the recognition phase, participants made judgments on whether each word had been represented previously as semantically related lures, old words, and semantically unrelated new words. Outcomes and Results: Differences in the processing of nominal and verbal theme-related lures were observed among people with DS. When processing nominal theme-related lures, people with DS showed delayed false positives. When processing verbal theme-related lures, people with DS showed no differences compared to controls. Similar patterns have been observed in people with DS when processing nominal theme-related associates and verbal theme-related associates. People with DS have delayed recognition of associates. When processing unrelated words, they showed significantly higher false positives than controls for both nominal and verbal eliciting themes. Further analyses of the themes revealed differences in false positives across syntactic categories among groups. Conclusions and Implications: People with DS showed a delayed recognition of associates and deviance in recognizing unrelated words in the nominal and verbal theme categories. People with DS were delayed in terms of nouns, but deviated with verbs in associated and unrelated words. Additionally, people with DS showed distinct patterns in processing five nominal lures and three verbal lures, suggesting that they formed false memories differently based on distinct syntactic categories. Thus, it was concluded that people with DS develop a deviant semantic structure. Category-based interventions for people with DS should be implemented in order to improve their semantic knowledge through lexical connections.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0083.v1

Graph Convolutional-Based Deep Residual Modeling for Rumor Detection on Social Media

Na Ye, Dingguo Yu, Yijie Zhou, Ke-ke Shang, Suiyu Zhang

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: False information detection; Residual structure; Graph neural network

Online: 5 July 2023 (09:52:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0426.v1

Effective One-Class Classifier Model for Memory Dump Malware Detection

Mahmoud Al-Qudah, Zein Ashi, Mohammad Alnabhan, Qasem Abu Al-Haija

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: novelty-class; one online-Class SVM (OCSVM); memory dump; Malware; Principal Component Analysis (PCA); dimensionality reduction

Online: 27 October 2022 (08:17:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1717.v1

Retrospective Review of Positive Newborn Screening Results for Isovaleric Acidemia and Development of a Strategy to Improve the Efficacy of Newborn Screening in the UK.

Rachel S Carling, Katy Hedgethorne, Anupam Chakrapani, Patricia L Hall, Nick Flynn, Toby Greenfield, Stuart J. Moat, Joshua Ssali, Lynette Shakespeare, Nazia Taj, Mark Anderson, Teresa H.Y. Wu, Arunabha Ghosh, Hugh Lemonde, Germaine Pierre, Mark Sharrard, Sreevidya Sreekantam, James R Bonham

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: isovaleric acidemia; false positive; newborn screening; inherited metabolic disease.

Online: 24 January 2024 (09:54:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2108.v1

A New Wave of Hybrid Algorithms for Roots of Transcendental and Non-Linear Equations

Chaman Lal Sabharwal

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: Regula False; Newton-Raphson; Bisection; Trisection; BTsection; Hybrid Algorithm

Online: 28 December 2023 (02:04:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0212.v1

Pseudoscorpions of Israel: Annotated Checklist and Key, With New Records of Two Families (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones)

Sharon Warburg, Shlomi Aharon, Igor Armiach Steinpress, Prashant P. Sharma, Danilo Harms, Efrat Gavish-Regev

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Cheiridiidae; False scorpions; Levant; Species List; Syarinidae; Taxonomy; Zoogeography

Online: 2 June 2023 (14:16:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0252.v1

Do Computerized False Belief Tasks Impact Mentalizing Ability in People with Williams Syndrome?

Ching-fen Hsu, Shi-yu Rao

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: false belief; Williams syndrome; theory of mind; social cognition

Online: 14 March 2023 (09:02:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0479.v1

Wear Development in Oscillating Rolling Element Bearings

Sebastian Wandel, Arne Bartschat, Jakob Glodowski, Norbert Bader, Gerhard Poll

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: grease lubrication; false brinelling; oscillating bearing; pitch bearing; wear

Online: 26 January 2023 (10:44:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1436.v1

Target Tracking Limits in a Dense Clutter Environments

Zvonko Radosavljevic, Dejan Ivkovic, Branko Kovacevic

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Signal Processing Keywords: multi target tracking; false track discrimination; radar; probability of detection

Online: 21 July 2023 (02:34:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0357.v1

Differentiating False Positive Lesions from Clinically Significant Cancer and Normal Prostate Tissue using VERDICT MRI and Other Diffusion Models

Snigdha Sen, Vanya Valindria, Paddy J. Slator, Hayley Pye, Alistair Grey, Alex Freeman, Caroline Moore, Hayley Whitaker, Shonit Punwani, Saurabh Singh, Eleftheria Panagiotaki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: prostate cancer; diffusion MRI; false positives; biophysical modelling; deep learning

Online: 26 May 2022 (08:30:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0476.v1

Comparison of social inequality in HPV vaccination among teenagers with parental reports and healthcare providers’ records in the 2019 National Immunization Survey-Teen.

Sol Seo Choi, Bongkyoo Choi

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: Human Papillomavirus, vaccine, social inequality, NIS-Teen, false negative, SES.

Online: 30 December 2021 (00:14:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0683.v1

Effectiveness of tDCS to Improve Recognition and Reduce False Memories in Older Adults

Juan C Melendez, Encarnación Satorres, Alfonso Pitarque, Iraida Delhom, Elena Real, Joaquin Escudero

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: transcranial direct current stimulation; true recognition; false recognition; aging; experiment.

Online: 28 December 2020 (11:15:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0815.v1

The Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG1 and IgG3 Antibody Isotypes with Limited Neutralizing Capacity against Omicron Elicited in a Latin Population Switch toward IgG4 after Multiple Doses with the mRNA Pfizer-BioNTech Vaccine.

Ana M Espino, Albersy Armina-Rodriguez, Laura Alvarez, Carlimar Ocasio, Riseilly Ramos-Nieves, Esteban I Rodríguez-Martinó, Paola López-Marte, Esther A. Torres, Carlos A. Sariol

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Covid-19; IgG4; Switch class; ELISA; neutralizing antibody

Online: 10 January 2024 (11:06:22 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0243.v2

The Wasps are Clever: Keeping Out and Finding Bot Answers in Internet Surveys Used for Health Research

Julii Brainard, Anne Killett, Julie Houghton, Diane Bunn, Laura Watts, Suzanne Mumford, Sarah J. O'Brien, Kathleen Lane

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Probability And Statistics Keywords: data analysis; surveys and questionnaires; internet; social class

Online: 13 April 2022 (06:32:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0403.v1

Psychological Affects Change Working Scenario of Human During COVID-19

Samir Bandyopadhyay, Vishal Goyel, SHAWNI DUTTA

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: COVID-19; Psychological Affects; Working Class; Mental Anxiety

Online: 17 September 2020 (11:48:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0286.v1

Microcredit in Bangladesh: Impact on Borrowers’ Social Mobility Revisited

Ashfaq Ferdous, Salma Begum, Jannaty Akter

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: microcredit; social mobility; impact; socio-economic; class position

Online: 23 June 2020 (13:38:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0073.v1

Domestication or Encapsulation? Developing Coffee Culture Among Indonesia Middle-Class Income

Yayuk Yuliati, Mangku Purnomo

Subject: Social Sciences, Ethnic And Cultural Studies Keywords: coffee culture, domestication, creolization, encapsulation, and middle class

Online: 6 March 2019 (10:48:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0758.v1

Positional and Dimensional Tmj Changes Following the Use of Different Class II Correctors in a Sample of Erbil City [Randomized Clinical Trial]

Rebin Mohammedameen, Omar fawzi Chawshli

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: fixed functional appliance; MRI; Class II; articular disc; Tmj

Online: 11 April 2024 (14:08:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0155.v1

Collatz Dynamics is Partitioned by Residue Class Regularly

Wei Ren

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Collatz conjecture; 3x+1 problem; Dynamics System; Residue Class

Online: 13 September 2022 (03:21:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0215.v1

Perceived Health Inequalities: Do the UK and US Public Accurately Estimate Socioeconomic Health Inequality, and Do they Wish to See It Reduced?

Emma Bridger, Angela Hewett, David Comerford

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: socioeconomic health inequality; public awareness; social class; life expectancy

Online: 15 June 2022 (08:17:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0231.v3

Acetyltransferases GCN5 and PCAF are Required for B Lymphocyte Maturation

Valentyn Oksenych, Dan Su, Jeremy A. Daniel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: KAT2A; KAT2B; mice; acetyltransferase; B cell; lymphocyte; class switching

Online: 29 December 2021 (12:12:03 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1701.v1

Inferior Wall Double False Aneurysm as a Late Presentation of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Aleksander Zelias, Pawel Czub, Krzysztof Wróbel, Dominka Dykla, Anna Skwarek, Iwona Chrzan, Maria Bober, Malgorzata Urbanczyk-Zawadzka, Pawel Banys, Joanna Petryka-Mazurkiewicz, Tomasz Kula, Ryszard Gajdosz, Jerzy Sadowski, Dariusz Dudek

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: left ventricular free wall rupture; false aneurysm; tamponade; acute myocardial infarction; complication

Online: 29 February 2024 (12:52:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0160.v1

Assessing the Performances of Protein Function Prediction Algorithms from the Perspectives of Identification Accuracy and False Discovery Rate

Chunyan Yu, Xiaoxu Li, Hong Yang, Yinghong Li, Weiwei Xue, Yuzong Chen, Lin Tao, Feng Zhu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: false discovery rate; machine learning; protein function prediction; support vector machine; BLAST

Online: 24 November 2017 (11:14:05 CET)

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The knowledge of protein function is essential for the study of biological processes, the understanding of disease mechanism and the exploration of novel therapeutic target. Apart from experimental methods, a number of in-silico approaches have been developed and extensively used for protein function prediction. Among these approaches, BLAST predicts functions based on protein sequence similarity, and machine learning predicts functional families from protein sequences irrespective of their similarity, which complements BLAST and other methods in predicting diverse classes of proteins including distantly related proteins and homologous proteins of different functions. However, their identification accuracies and the false discovery rate have not yet been assessed so far, which greatly limits the usage of these prediction algorithms. Herein, a comprehensive comparison of the performances among four popular functional prediction algorithms (BLAST, SVM, PNN and KNN) was conducted. In particular, the performance of these algorithms were systematically assessed by four metrics (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and Matthews correlation coefficient) based on the independent test datasets generated from 93 protein families defined by UniProtKB Keywords. Moreover, the false discovery rates of these algorithms were evaluated by scanning the genomes of four representative model species (homo sapiens, arabidopsis thaliana, saccharomyces cerevisiae and mycobacterium tuberculosis). As a result, the substantially higher sensitivity and stability of BLAST and SVM were observed compared with that of PNN and KNN. But the machine learning algorithms (PNN, KNN and SVM) were found capable of significantly reducing the false discovery rate (SVM < PNN ≈ KNN). In summary, this study comprehensively assessed the performance of four popular algorithms applied to protein function prediction, which could facilitate the selection of the most appropriate method in the related biomedical research.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0365.v1

GN-Operators

Reza Ahmadi, Gholamreza Rahimlou

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Hilbert space; Lebesgue integral; trace class operator; frame; measure space

Online: 27 June 2022 (11:07:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0194.v1

Class I MHC Polymorphisms Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in Mexican Population

Paola Mendoza Ramirez, Mildred Alejandra López-Olaiz, Adriana Lizeth Morales-Fernandez, Maria Isabel Flores-Echiveste, Antonio de Jesus Casillas-Navarro, Marco Andrés Pérez-Rodríguez, Felipe de Jesús Orozco-Luna, Celso Cortés-Romero, Laura Yareni Zuñiga, María Guadalupe Sanchez Parada, Luis Daniel Hernandez-Ortega, Arieh Roldan Sesma Mercado, Raúl Cuauhtémoc Baptista Rosas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: HLA; MHC class I; polymorphism; variant; type 2 diabetes; mexican

Online: 15 March 2022 (03:49:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0077.v1

Shape and Geometric Features-based Semantic Image Retrieval Using Multi-class Support Vector Machine

Zohair Malki

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: Zernike moment, Multi-class support vector machine, Query Engine, SPARQL

Online: 20 February 2017 (18:07:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0314.v1

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Spatial Care Path: Home, Community, and Emergency Diagnostic Portals

Gerald J. Kost

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Emergency Use Authorization; endemic; false omission; false omission rate; home testing; point-of-care testing (POCT); positive predictive value geometric mean-squared; prevalence boundary; recursive protocol; tier; visual logistics

Online: 30 April 2022 (08:42:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0162.v1

TFCD-Net: Target and False Alarm Collaborative Detection Network for Infrared Imagery

Siying Cao, Zhi Li, Jiakun Deng, Yi'an Huang, Zhenming Peng

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: infrared small target detection; false alarm source; collaborative modeling; clutter suppression; deep learning

Online: 2 February 2024 (11:54:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0027.v1

Classification-Based Singing Melody Extraction Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Sangeun Kum, Juhan Nam

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: convolution neural networks; melody extraction; singing voice activity detection; voice false alarm detection

Online: 3 November 2017 (14:51:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0888.v1

On A Solution of “P vs Np” Millenium Prize Problem Based on the Subset Sum Problem

Bakhtgerey Sinchev, Askar Sinchev, Aksulu Mukhanova

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: P; NP and NP-complete class; set; subset; potency; time; space

Online: 13 October 2023 (11:22:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0628.v1

Evaluation of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) in Urine Samples for the Diagnosis of Imported Schistosomiasis

Joaquín Salas-Coronas, María Pilar Luzón-García, Beatriz Crego-Vicente, Manuel Jesús Soriano-Pérez, Begoña Febrer-Sendra, José Vázquez-Villegas, Juan García-Bernalt Diego, María Isabel Cabeza-Barrera, Nerea Castillo-Fernández, Antonio Muro, María Dolores Bargues, Pedro Fernández-Soto

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: imported schistosomiasis; diagnosis; LAMP; immunocromatographic rapid test; microscopy; Latent Class Analysis.

Online: 8 August 2023 (09:13:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0118.v1

Brother's Keeper or Only Child? Black Middle Class Responses to Residential Mobility Initiatives in Prince George's County, MD

Carley Shinault

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: Gentrification; Residential Migration; Black Middle Class; Washington, DC; PG County, MD

Online: 5 November 2018 (14:06:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0128.v1

Mechanical Model and Finite Element Analysis of Concrete False Roof in Downward Approach Type Infill Quarry

HAO LI, HONGJIANG WANG, CHUNKANG LIU

Subject: Engineering, Mining And Mineral Processing Keywords: concrete false roof; thin slab theory; ultimate strength; thickness; downward approach infill mining method

Online: 4 March 2024 (10:58:01 CET)

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Concrete is more stable than filler as a false roof in a downward approach type infill quarry, but the mechanical model of a concrete false roof is not clear. As a result, there has been limited application. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the mechanical model of a concrete artificial false roof to enhance the stability of the downward approach infill quarry. This paper combines theoretical analysis, model derivation, finite element analysis and field application methods. Firstly, the basic assumptions of thin plate theory and elasticity mechanics are used as the premise to establish the differential equations of the deflection curve of the concrete thin plate false roof. Then, the three types of bending moment generation of the concrete thin plate false roof are explored. Secondly, the relationship between the location of dangerous surface and dangerous point in hard-supported weak-slab structure and soft-supported weak-slab structure is analyzed, and the type of uniform load and calculation model of concrete thin-slab false roof are improved. Finally, according to the established mechanical model of thin slab false roof, finite element analysis and field application were carried out. The results show that there are three types of deflection curve differential equations in the concrete thin slab false roof perpendicular to the strike, and three extreme points exist in the middle section of the thin slab and on both sides of the surrounding rock. The hazardous surface of the hard-supported weak-slab structure is present at the intersection of the encircling rock and the thin-slab fake ceiling, with the perilous point situated on the top of this surface. The hazardous surface of the soft-supported weak-slab structure can be found in the centre section of the thin-slab fake ceiling, with the perilous point being located at the bottom of this surface. Moreover, the damage mode for both structures is that of maximum tensile stress damage. Upon conducting a finite element analysis, the results indicate that the concrete's maximum tensile stress is significantly high.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1259.v1

Quantitative Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification Detection of Ustilaginoidea virens Causing Rice False Smut

Yu Zhang, Xinyue Li, Shuya Zhang, Tianling Ma, Chengxin Mao, Chuanqing Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: rice false smut; quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification (q-LAMP); detection; ustiloxins biosynthetic gene

Online: 30 April 2023 (04:40:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1147.v1

Enhanced Ransomware Identification via Feature Extraction with Class Feature Weighting

Fang Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: ransomware detection; machine learning; dynamic analysis; n-grams; Class Feature Weighting (CFW)

Online: 20 November 2023 (11:06:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1424.v1

Power Receiving Unit for High Power Resonant Wireless Power Transfer

Ching-Yao Liu, Hsien-Chung Tang, Yueh-Tsung Shieh, Chih-Chiang Wu, Wei-Hua Chieng, Edward-Yi Chang, Daisuke Ueda

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: power receiving unit; resonant wireless power transfer; class E amplifier; gallium nitride

Online: 23 October 2023 (15:25:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0165.v1

Laboratory Comparison of Evaporation Rate Between Colorado Sanken Evaporation Pan and Class A Evaporation Pan (Case Study: Semnan, Iran)

Hamidreza Ghazvinian, Hojat Karami, Changhyun Jun, Oceana Francis, Sayed M Bateni, Yashar DadrasAjirlou, Shahab Band

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Evaporation; Class A standard evaporation pan; Colorado Sanken standard evaporation pan; Semnan

Online: 9 February 2023 (11:24:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0377.v2

Traffic Flow as a Simple Fluid: Towards a Scaling Theory of Urban Congestion

Jorge Laval

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: Urban congestion; Traffic flow theory; Phase transitions; KPZ universality class; Nonequilibrium physics

Online: 26 January 2023 (03:42:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0182.v2

Polyadic Rings of p-adic Integers

Steven Duplij

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: polyadic semigroup; polyadic ring; arity; querelement; residue class; representative; p-adic integer

Online: 29 November 2022 (03:39:52 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0484.v1

G4-DNA, Class Switch Recombination and Potential Additional Regulations in B-Lymphocytes

Ophélie Dezé, Brice Laffleur, Michel Cogné

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: G-quadruplex DNA; G4-ligand; class switch recombination; transcriptional regulation; B lymphocytes

Online: 28 November 2022 (01:20:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0406.v1

Assessing the Factors Impacting Transport Usage of Mobility App Users in the National Capital Territory of Delhi, India

Sanjay Gupta, Kushagra Sinha

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Software Keywords: Smartphone; App Usage; Transport Mode Usage; Latent Class Cluster Analysis; Multimodality; Environment

Online: 24 August 2022 (03:59:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0269.v1

Regularized Latent Class Analysis for Polytomous Item Responses: An Application to SPM-LS Data

Alexander Robitzsch

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: regularized latent class analysis; regularization; fused regularization; fused grouped regularization; distractor analysis

Online: 12 July 2020 (16:59:18 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0183.v1

The Effect of High Frequency Vibration on Tooth Movement and Alveolar Bone in Non-Growing Skeletal Class II High Angle Orthodontic Patients: Case Series

Tarek El-Bialy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: High frequency vibration; clear aligners; skeletal Class II; non-surgical treatment; malocclusion

Online: 9 July 2020 (11:45:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0508.v1

COVID-19 Pandemic in India: A Mathematical Model Study

Sudhanshu Kumar Biswas, Jayanta Kumar Ghosh, Susmita Sarkar, Uttam Ghosh

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Basic reproduction number; COVID-19; Asymptomatic class; Quarantine; Sensitivity analysis; Preventive measures

Online: 31 May 2020 (20:46:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0641.v1

Influence of Socioeconomic Status and Stress Over Quality of Sleep: A Systematic Review

Faustin Armel Etindele Sosso, Aarti Jagannath, Fabricio Ferreira De Oliveira, Salim R. Surani, Vincent Mysliwiec

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: sleep, socioeconomic status, stress, circadian rhythm, allostatic load, mood disorder, social class

Online: 26 October 2018 (16:32:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0110.v2

TPGS-Stabilized Curcumin Nanoparticles Exhibit Superior Effect on Carrageenan-Induced Inflammation in Wistar Rat

Heni Rachmawati, Dewi Safitri, Aditya Trias Pradana, I Ketut Adnyana

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: curcumin; nanoparticle; inflammation; λ-carrageenan; nanoparticle permeability; Biopharmaceutical Class System (BCS) 4

Online: 11 August 2016 (11:24:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0485.v1

Continued Process Verification Monitoring: Optimizing Control Chart Design by Reducing the False Alarm Rate and Nuisance Signals

Naveenganesh Muralidharan, Thatsinee Johnson, Leyla Saeednia Rose, Mark Davis

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: CPV; Control Chart False Alarm Rate; Control chart skewness and Kurtosis; Control chart nuisance signal

Online: 8 March 2024 (15:31:28 CET)

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The Food and Drug Administration’s 2011 Process Validation Guidance and International Council for Harmonization Quality Guidelines recommend continued process verification (CPV) as a mandatory requirement for pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical, and other regulated industries. As a part of product life cycle management, after process characterization in stage 1 and process qualification and validation in stage-2, CPV is performed as stage-3 validation during commercial manufacturing. CPV ensures that the process continues to remain within a validated state. CPV requires the collection and analysis of data related to critical quality attributes, critical material attributes, and critical process parameters on a minimum basis. Data is then used to elucidate process control regarding the capability to meet predefined specifications and stability via statistical process control tools. In statistical process control, control charts and Nelson rules are commonly used throughout the industry to monitor and trend data to ensure that a process remains in control. In the control chart, the mean value is taken as the center line, and 3σ limits are placed on either side of the center line. In CPV, manufactured lots are summarized, trended, and discussed at a cross-functional level at pre-defined intervals (either weekly, bi-weekly, or even monthly) based on the batch run rate. A cross-functional team assesses details regarding 1) violation frequency, 2) statistical strength of the signal, 3) violation magnitude and its impact on process or quality, and 4) any potential root causes for out-of-expectation or out-of-trend signals. The cross-functional team must analyze whether any signal identified by the control chart is reliable and must determine whether corrective action should be taken and justify the decision in the CPV meeting minutes based on statistical strength and reliability of the signal. However, basic control charts are susceptible to false alarms and nuisance alarms. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the assumptions behind control charts and the inherent false alarm rates for different Nelson rules. In this article, the authors have detailed the assumptions behind the usage of control charts, the rate of false alarms for different Nelson rules, the impact of skewness and kurtosis of a data distribution on the false alarm rate, and methods for optimizing control chart design by reducing false alarm rates and nuisance signals.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.2084.v1

Non-Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Strategy based on Recurrence Quantification Analysis in the Context of the Cognitive Radio

Jean-Marie KADJO, Koffi YAO, Ali MANSOUR, Denis JEUNE

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Signal Processing Keywords: cognitive radio; dynamic spectrum access; spectrum sensing; embedding parameters; false nearest neighbours; recurrence quantification analysis

Online: 31 July 2023 (10:08:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0688.v1

Direct Quantitation of SARS-CoV-2 Using Droplet Digital PCR in Suspected Samples With Very Low Viral Load

Michela Deiana, Chiara Piubelli, Antonio Mori, Gian Paolo Chiecchi, Giulia La Marca, Martina Leonardi, Davide Treggiari, Anna Beltrame, Lucia Moro, Zeno Bisoffi, Elena Pomari

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: droplet digital PCR; real time RT-PCR; SARS-CoV-2; false negative; viral load; diagnosis

Online: 26 April 2021 (20:09:26 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Detecting Malicious False Frame Injection Attacks on Video Surveillance at the Edge Using Electrical Network Frequency Signals

Deeraj Nagothu, Yu Chen, Erik Blasch, Alexander Aved, Sencun Zhu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: video surveillance; visual layer attack; electrical network frequency (ENF) signal; false frame injection (FFI) attack

Online: 1 April 2019 (09:50:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1497.v1

The Impact of Repeating COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Tests on on Prevalence Boundary Performance and Missed Diagnoses

Gerald J Kost

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19); Emergency Use Authorization (EUA); false negative (FN); false omission rate (RFO); point-of-care testing (POCT); prevalence boundary (PB); rapid antigen test (RAgT); repeated testing; sensitivity and specificity; tier

Online: 22 August 2023 (07:25:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0192.v1

Harnessing the Power of Online Inter-Class Tournaments to Imitate, Recombine, and Craft Innovative STEM Teaching Strategies

Roberto Araya

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: STEM teaching; technology in education; teaching strategies; online inter-class tournaments; computational thinking

Online: 10 February 2023 (11:20:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0029.v1

The Fractional Hilbert Transform of Generalised Functions

Naheed Abdullah, Saleem Iqbal

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: Convolution; Boehmian; fractional Hilbert transform; Hilbert transform; equivalence class; delta sequences; compact support

Online: 2 September 2022 (02:54:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0155.v1

COVID-19 Testing: Challenges, Limitations and Suggestions for Improvement

Emily Hu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; Coronavirus; False-negative; Nucleic Acid Test; Screening; Diagnostic Accuracy; Missed Diagnosis; Epidemic; Infectious Disease

Online: 9 April 2020 (14:37:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0823.v1

Interpretability Analysis and Attention Mechanism of Deep Learning-Based Microscopic Vision

Zheng Xu, Xinwei Zhao, Xiaodong Wang, Yuchen Kong, Tongqun Ren, Yanqi Wang

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: microscopic vision; micro-assembly; convolutional neural network; attention mechanism; gradient-weighted class activation mapping

Online: 11 April 2024 (15:18:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1071.v1

The Use of Clear Aligners in Multi-segmental Maxillary Surgery: A Case Control Study in Cleft Lip and Palate and Skeletal Class III Patients

Maria Costanza Meazzini, Leonardo Paolo Demonte, Noah Cohen, Valeria Marinella Augusta Battista, Dimitri Rabbiosi, Luca Autelitano

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: Invisalign; orthognathic surgery; cleft; skeletal class III; craniofacial; segmental Le Fort I osteotomy; occlusogram

Online: 19 February 2024 (15:37:34 CET)

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Introduction: maxillary hypoplasia and mandibular asymmetry may be corrected with orthognathic surgery at the completion of growth. Many patients require segmental Le Fort I osteotomies to obtain the most stable results. Unfortunately, if Invisalign is chosen for pre-surgical preparation, ClinCheck © software does not allow for prediction when these complex surgeries are planned. The objective of this paper was to show the potential of aligners beyond its software in most complex cases like multiple-piece maxillary osteotomies in cleft and non-cleft patients. Method: Thirteen patients who underwent pre-surgical treatment with clear aligners-Invisalign (study group) were matched in terms of diagnosis, surgical procedure, and orthodontic complexity with thirteen patients treated using fixed appliances (control group). A technique based on simple superimposition was devised to enhance the software for creating a suitable occlusion for segmental pre-surgical treatments. Virtual curves following the lower arch were employed to guide the correct pre-surgical positions of the upper teeth. The amount of impressions required in both groups to achieve satisfactory pre-surgical alignment of the segmented arches was compared. Results: one or no refinement phase were needed in the Invisalign group to reach an acceptable pre-surgical occlusion while the amount of pre-surgical impressions taken in order to reach adequate coordination with fixed appliance treatment was slightly higher. The average overall treatment duration did not show a statistically significant variation between the groups. Conclusions: it appears that clear aligner could serve as an effective treatment for individuals with skeletal discrepancies, including cleft and craniofacial anomalies, necessitating segmental Le Fort I osteotomies when aided by the suggested superimposition approach during digital pre-surgical movement simulations. More sophisticated softwares will certainly be implemented in the future.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1441.v1

Fine-grained image classification network based on complementary learning

Hu Jing, Wang Meng Yao, Zhang Ru MIn, Lian Bing Quan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: fine grain image recognition; Inception-V3; reinforcement complementary learning; complementary learning; inter-class gap

Online: 21 September 2023 (08:54:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0229.v1

A Novel Framework for Production Planning and Class-Based Storage Location Assignment: Multi-Criteria Classification Approach

MEHMET AKİF YERLİKAYA, FEYZAN ARIKAN

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: Order Picking; Class-Based Storage Location Assignment; Production Planning; TOPSIS; Decision Support System Flow

Online: 5 June 2023 (03:23:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0670.v1

Feet Segmentation for Regional Analgesia Monitoring using Convolutional RFF and Layer-Wise Weighted CAM Interpretability

Juan Aguirre-Arango, Andrés Marino Álvarez-Meza, German Castellanos-Dominguez

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Infrared Thermal Segmentation; Regional Neuraxial Analgesia; Deep Learning; Random Fourier Features; Class Activation Maps

Online: 9 May 2023 (14:52:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0346.v1

Cholesterol in Class C GPCRs: Role, Relevance, and Localization

Ugochi H. Isu, Shadi A. Badiee, Ehsaneh Khodadadi, Mahmoud Moradi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: G-protein-coupled-receptors; GPCRs; Membrane protein; Protein-lipid interactions; Cholesterol; Class C GPCRs

Online: 19 January 2023 (06:32:01 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0498.v1

Harnessing Nasal Immunity with Iga to Prevent Respiratory Infections

John Joseph

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Secretory IgA; IgA class switching; SARS-CoV-2; respiratory pathogens; nasal vaccines; vaccine adjuvants

Online: 30 August 2022 (02:33:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0290.v1

Changes in Alienation in Physical Education Classes, School Happiness, and Future Healthy Life Expectancy After the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korean Adolescents

Seung-Man Lee, Jung-In Yoo, Hyun-Su Youn

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: adolescents; alienation in PE class; school happiness; future healthy life expectancy; COVID-19 pandemic

Online: 16 September 2021 (13:55:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0506.v1

Sleep Disorders as a Mediator Between Socioeconomic Status and Health Outcomes: A Review of Differents Theories

Faustin Armel Etindele Sosso

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: sleep; sleep disorders; socioeconomic status; stress; allostatic load; mood disorder; social class; socioeconomic gradient

Online: 20 November 2018 (15:37:27 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1347.v1

A Review on False-Twist Texturing

Mathias Ortega, Alexander Saynisch, Bahar-Merve Yurtseven, Thomas Gries

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: False-Twist Texturing; DTY; Texturing; Texturising; Texturizing; Chemical Fibres; Literature Review; Primary Heater; Twist Unit; Friction Disc

Online: 17 January 2024 (16:21:04 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0424.v1

Insufficient Sensitivity of RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase Gene of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Genome as Confirmatory Test using Korean COVID-19 Cases

Soyoun Kim, Dong-Min Kim, Baeckseung Lee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Korean COVID-19; Wuhan Corona virus; real time PCR Ct Value; Sensitivity; False Negative

Online: 28 February 2020 (12:03:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0711.v1

Effects of the New NCEE Reform on the Quality of Students in “Double First-Class” Universities

Yuchen Zhang, Teng Zhao, Yunlong Yu, Linyi Wang, Chengcheng Lin, Junping Qiu

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: new NCEE; “Double First-Class” universities; quality of students; urban differences; interrupted time-series analysis

Online: 12 March 2024 (14:20:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0652.v1

Socially Haunted? Exploring Young People’s Views on Education and Marginalization

Lee Robinson, Jill Clark

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: young people; youth; social haunting; working class; mining communities; Further
Education; marginalization

Online: 12 February 2024 (10:28:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0339.v1

Strategies for Improving the Sustainability of Fare-Free Policy for the Elderly through Preferences by Travel Modes

Jaewoong Yun

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: Public service obligation; Fare-free policy; Heterogeneity of mode choice; Stated preference; Latent class model

Online: 5 September 2023 (15:01:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1939.v1

Shared Autonomous Vehicles as Last Mile Public Transport of Multimodal Train Trips

Zhiwei Liu, Jianrong Liu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: autonomous vehicles; last-mile transport; preference heterogeneity; theory of planned behavior; latent class logit model

Online: 29 August 2023 (13:39:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1792.v1

Simulation of Retrospective Morphological Channel Adjustments Using High-Resolution Differential Digital Elevation Models versus Predicted Sediment Delivery and Stream Power Variations

Carmelo Conesa-García, Alberto Martínez-Salvador, Carlos Puig-Mengual, Francisco Martínez-Capel, Pedro Pérez-Cutillas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geography Keywords: Retrospective simulation; ephemeral streams; sediment budget; SfM-MVS; sediment yield; event class pattern; climate change

Online: 26 June 2023 (10:37:18 CEST)

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This work proposes a methodological approach applied to ephemeral gravel-bed streams to verify the change in the magnitude and frequency of hydrological events affecting the morphological dynamics and sediment budget in this type of channel. For the case study the Azohía Rambla, located in southeastern Spain, was chosen, emphasizing the research on two reference riverbed sections (RCRs): an upper one, with a predominance of erosion, and a middle one, where processes of incision, transport, and deposition converge. First, this approach focuses on relationships between peak discharges and sediment budgets during the period 2018 to 2022. For this purpose, water level measurements from pressure sensors, a One-Dimensional Hydrodynamic model, and findings from comparative analyses of high-resolution differential digital elevation models (HRDEM of Difference - HRDoD) based on SfM-MVS and LiDAR datasets were used. In a second phase the GeoWEPP model was applied to the period 1996-2022 in order to simulate runoff and sediment yield at the event scale for the watersheds draining into both RCRs. During the calibration phase a sensitivity analysis was carried out to detect the most influential parameters in the model and to confirm its capacity to simulate peak flow and sediment delivery in the area described above. Values of NS (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency) and PBIAS (percent bias) equal to 0.86 and 7.81%, respectively, were found in the calibration period, while these indices were 0.81 and -4.1% in the validation period. Finally, different event class patterns (ECPs) were established for the monitoring period (2018-2022), according to flow stage and morphological channel adjustments (overtopping, bankfull and sub-bankfull, and half-sub-bankfull), and then retrospectively extrapolated to stages of the prior simulated period (1996-2018) from their typical sequences (PECPs). The results revealed a significant increase in the number of events and PECPs leading to lower bed incision rates and higher vertical accretion, which denotes a progressive increase in bed armoring and bank erosion processes.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0222.v1

DEPs Induce Local IgE Class Switching Independent of Their Ability to Stimulate iBALT

Dmitrii Borisovich Chudakov, Mariya Vladimirovna Konovalova, Elena Igorevna Kashirina, Olga Dmitrievna Kotsareva, Marina Alexandrovna Shevchenko, Daria Sergeevna Tsaregorodtseva, Gulnar Vaisovna Fattakhova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: diesel particulate matter; antibody production; tertiary lymphoid structures; local Ig class switch; antigen doses; lungs

Online: 14 July 2022 (12:16:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0896.v2

A Comprehensive Dataset of the Aerodynamic and Geometric Coefficients of Airfoils in the Public Domain

Kanak Agarwal, Vedant Vijaykrishnan, Dyutit Mohanty, Manikandan Murugaiah

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Airfoil; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD); OpenFOAM; Class Shape Transformation (CST); Dataset; Aerodynamic Coefficients; Geometric Coefficients; Aerodynamics

Online: 19 March 2024 (01:27:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0555.v2

Pesticide Safety in Greek Plant Foods from the Consumer Perspective: The Importance of Reliable Information

Konstantinos B. Simoglou, Paraskevi El. Skarpa, Emmanouil Roditakis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: food safety; risk perception; information sources; principal components analysis; logistic regression; latent class analysis; risk communication

Online: 11 September 2023 (11:17:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0079.v1

The Impact of Irrationals on the Range of Arctan Activation Function for Deep Learning Models

Talya Tümer Sivri, Nergis Pervan Akman, Ali Berkol

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Deep neural networks; Activation functions; Multi-class classification; Time-Series prediction; Reuters data; Energy trade value

Online: 6 April 2023 (08:55:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0136.v1

Exploring Skills in Observing Teaching Competency through Video Evaluation of Class Demonstrations by Pre-service Physical Education Teachers

Chul-min Kim, Min-jun Kim, Hyun-su Youn, Joo-Hyug Jung

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: pre-service teacher education; teacher evaluation; pre-service physical education teacher; class demonstration; teaching behavior analysis

Online: 9 January 2023 (03:09:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0736.v1

Comparison of Health Awareness in South Korean Middle School Students According to Type of Online Physical Education Classes During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Jung-In Yoo, Joung-Kyue Han, Hyun-Su Youn, Joo-Hyug Jung

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: middle school students, health perception, importance-performance analysis (IPA), online physical education class types, COVID-19

Online: 31 May 2021 (10:41:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0179.v1

Tumor Microenvironment, HLA Class I and APM Expression in HPV-Negative Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Claudia Wickenhauser, Daniel Bethmann, Matthias Kappler, Alexander Walter Eckert, André Steven, Juergen Bukur, Bernard A. Fox, Jana Beer, Barbara Seliger

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: oral squamous cell carcinoma; HLA class I; antigen processing machinery; immune cell infiltration; immune escape; prognosis

Online: 11 January 2021 (10:47:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0238.v1

Tumoral HLA Class I and APM Expression and Its Effect on Intratumoral T-cell Reaction and Outcome in HPV-Negative Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Claudia Wickenhauser, Daniel Bethmann, Matthias Kappler, Alexander Walter Eckert, André Steven, Juergen Bukur, Bernard A. Fox, Jana Beer, Barbara Seliger

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: oral squamous cell carcinoma; HLA class I; antigen processing machinery; immune cell infiltration; immune escape; prognosis

Online: 10 September 2020 (11:37:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0248.v1

Rough Noise-Filtered Easy Ensemble for Software Fault Prediction

Saman Riaz, Ali Arshad, Licheng Jiao

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: software fault prediction; data preprocessing; feature selection; rough set theory; class imbalance; noise filter; easy ensemble

Online: 17 May 2018 (13:01:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0214.v1

Assessing Uncertainty in LULC Classification Accuracy by Using Bootstrap Resampling

Lin-Hsuan Hsiao, Ke-sheng Cheng

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: land-use/land-cover (LULC); uncertainty; bootstrap resampling; chi-square threshold; class probability vector (CPV); entropy

Online: 26 August 2016 (11:56:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2016.v1

Anomaly Detection in Power System State Estimation: Review and New Directions

Austin Cooper, Arturo Bretas, Sean Meyn

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Anomaly Detection; Cyber-Security; False Data Injection; Hypothesis Testing; Machine Learning; Power System Monitoring; Quickest Change Detection; State Estimation

Online: 30 August 2023 (07:23:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1051.v6

Net Energy Gain from a Berry Geometrical Phase: Low-Energy Perturbations of the Strong Interaction and the QCD Mass Gap

Mark Gibbons

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: Berry geometrical phase; symmetry groups; self-organized criticality; dual superconductivity; scale- and gauge-invariance; hyperbolic curvature; false vacuum; QCD mass gap

Online: 7 December 2023 (12:19:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1349.v1

Parkinson's Disease Recognition using Decorrelated Convolutional Neural Networks: Addressing Imbalance and Scanner Bias in rs-fMRI Data

Pranita Patil, W. Randolph Ford

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Class bias; DcCNN; decorrelation; deep learning; FE-DcCNN; invariant features; Parkinson’s disease; rs-fMRI image; scanner bias

Online: 22 March 2024 (09:21:12 CET)

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Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative and progressive disease that impacts the nerve cells in the brain and varies from person to person. The exact cause of PD is still unknown, and the diagnosis of PD does not include a specific objective test with certainty. Although deep learning has made great progress in medical neuroimaging analysis, these methods are very susceptible to biases present in neuroimaging datasets. An innovative decorrelated deep learning technique is introduced to mitigate class bias and scanner bias while simultaneously focusing on finding distinguishing characteristics in resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data, which assist in recognizing the PD with good accuracy. The decorrelation function reduces the non-linear correlation between features and bias in order to learn bias-invariant features. The Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) dataset, referred to as a single scanner imbalanced dataset in this study used to validate our method. The imbalanced dataset problem affects the performance of the deep learning framework by overfitting to the majority class. To resolve this problem, we propose a new Decorrelated Convolutional Neural Networks (DcCNN) framework by applying decorrelation-based optimization to Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN). An analysis of evaluation metrics comparisons shows that integrating the decorrelation function boosts the performance of PD recognition by removing class bias. Specifically, our DcCNN model performs significantly better than existing traditional approaches to tackle the imbalance problem. Finally, the same framework can be extended to create scanner invariant features without significantly impacting the performance of a model. The obtained dataset is a multi-scanner dataset which leads to scanner bias due to the differences in acquisition protocols and scanners. The multi-scanner dataset is a combination of two datasets, namely PPMI and FTLDNI - frontotemporal lobar degeneration neuroimaging initiative (NIFD) dataset. The results of t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) and scanner classification accuracy of our proposed Feature Extraction-DcCNN (FE-DcCNN) model validated the effective removal of scanner bias. Our method achieves an average accuracy of 77.80% on a multi-scanner dataset for differentiating PD from healthy control, which is superior to the DcCNN model trained on a single scanner imbalanced dataset.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2047.v3

Design and Utilization of a 3D printed Tooth-Borne Orthodontic Molar Distalizer Library

Bregt Smeets, Tim Smeets

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: distalizer; orthodontics; digital; biocompatible 3D printing; dental biocompatible resin; CAD/CAM; computer modelling; class II; molar derotation

Online: 13 February 2024 (09:22:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1239.v1

Numerical Experiment and Design of a Two-Rod Crank Knee Press with an Internal Layout of the Motor Drive

Amandyk Tuleshov, Balzhan Akhmetova, Moldir Kuatova, Bakhyt Merkibayeva, Gulama-Garip Alisher Ibrayev

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Crank Knee press; double-rod press; high-class mechanisms; output link dwell; numerical experiment; crank press design

Online: 17 August 2023 (04:33:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0907.v1

Vocational Domain Identification with Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing on Wikipedia Text: Error Analysis and Class Balancing

Maria Nefeli Nikiforos, Konstantina Deliveri, Katia Lida Kermanidis, Adamantia Pateli

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Natural Language Processing; Social Text Mining; Machine Learning; Vocational Domain Identification; Vocational Language; Error Analysis; Class Balancing

Online: 25 April 2023 (09:29:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0238.v1

End-to-End Prediction of Lightning Events from Geostationary Satellite Images

Sebastian Brodehl, Richard Müller, Elmar Schömer, Peter Spichtinger, Michael Wand

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: neural networks; satellite images; class imbalance; feature attribution; lightning prediction; nowcasting; short-term forecasts; machine learning; meteorology

Online: 16 June 2022 (10:48:59 CEST)

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