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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0491.v1

Strengths and Weaknesses of Semi-Structured Interviews in Qualitative Research: A Critical Essay

Charles Kakilla

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: Semi-structured Interview; SSI; In-depth interview; Strength and Weakness

Online: 21 June 2021 (08:52:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0408.v1

A Hint on the COVID-19 Risk: Population Disparities in Gene Expression of Three Receptors of SARS-CoV

Guoshuai Cai, Xiang Cui, Xia Zhu, Jun Zhou

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Wuhan SARS-CoV-2; ACE2; DC-SIGN; L-SIGN; expression; susceptibility; race; age; gender; smoking; single cell

Online: 27 February 2020 (12:45:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0258.v2

Asians Do Not Exhibit Elevated Expression or Unique Genetic Polymorphisms for ACE2, the Cell-Entry Receptor of SARS-CoV-2

Ying Chen, Kejia Shan, Wenfeng Qian

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; cell-entry receptor; ACE2; The Cancer Genome Atlas; susceptibility; demographic factors; polymorphism

Online: 25 February 2020 (06:30:17 CET)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0158.v1

A Local Mechanism by which Alcohol Consumption Causes Cancer

Miguel López-Lázaro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: alcohol; cancer; ethanol; tobacco; carcinogenesis; oral cavity; pharynx; esophagus; stem cells; stem cell division theory of cancer

Online: 16 August 2016 (09:45:33 CEST)

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Epidemiological data indicate that 5.8% of cancer deaths world-wide are attributable to alcohol consumption. The risk of cancer is higher in tissues in closest contact on ingestion of alcohol, such as the oral cavity, pharynx and esophagus. The risk of these cancers is increased even in people who have only one alcoholic drink per day. However, since ethanol is not mutagenic and the carcinogenic metabolite of ethanol (acetaldehyde) is mostly produced in the liver, it is not clear why alcohol use preferentially exerts a local carcinogenic effect. It is well known that ethanol causes cell death at the concentrations present in alcoholic beverages; however, this effect has been overlooked probably because dead cells cannot give rise to cancer. Here I discuss that the cytotoxic effect of ethanol on the cells lining the oral cavity, pharynx and esophagus activates the division of the stem cells located in deeper layers of the mucosa to replace the dead cells. Every time stem cells divide, they become exposed to unavoidable errors associated with cell division (e.g., mutations arising during DNA replication and chromosomal alterations occurring during mitosis) and also become highly vulnerable to the genotoxic activity of endogenous and exogenous DNA-damaging agents (e.g., reactive oxygen species, acetaldehyde and tobacco carcinogens). Alcohol consumption probably increases the risk of developing cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx and esophagus by promoting the accumulation of cell divisions in the stem cells that maintain these tissues in homeostasis. Because the cytotoxic activity of ethanol is concentration-dependent, the risk of these cancers will not only increase with increasing amounts of ethanol, but also with increasing concentrations; an ounce of whisky is probably more carcinogenic when taken undiluted than when taken mixed with non-alcoholic beverages. The local cytotoxic effect of ethanol can also explain the known synergistic effect of alcohol and tobacco use on the risk of these cancers. Understanding the mechanisms of carcinogenicity of alcohol is important to reinforce the epidemiological evidence and to raise public awareness of the strong link between alcohol consumption and cancer.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0051.v3

Bulk and Single-Cell Transcriptomics Identify Tobacco-Use Disparity in Lung Gene Expression of ACE2, the Receptor of 2019-nCov

Guoshuai Cai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Wuhan 2019-nCov; ACE2; expression; susceptibility; race; age; gender; smoking; single cell

Online: 2 March 2020 (01:38:52 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0079.v1

A Simple Way to Reduce the Risk of Cancer of the Oral Cavity, Pharynx, Larynx and Esophagus in Alcohol Users

Emilio Guillén-Mancina, José Manuel Calderón-Montaño, Miguel López-Lázaro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: alcohol consumption; tobacco smoking; carcinogenesis; addiction; stem cells; stem cell division theory of cancer

Online: 27 July 2017 (12:34:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0395.v1

V483a – an Emerging Mutation Hotspot of Sars-Cov-2

Omar Ashwaq, Pratibha Manickavasagam, Sk Manirul Haque

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Spike protein, V483A, substitution mutation, virus-host cell interaction, high transmission, infectivity.

Online: 17 September 2020 (10:43:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0122.v2

Can Melatonin Reduce the Severity of COVID-19 Pandemic?

Alex Shneider, Aleksandr Kudriavtsev, Anna Vakhrusheva

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: melatonin; coronavirus; pandemic; SARS-CoV-2; bat; lung; apoptosis; programmed cell death; mortality; morbidity; COVID-19; drug

Online: 9 April 2020 (09:24:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0004.v2

Artificial Intelligence for Microscopy: What You Should Know

Lucas von Chamier, Romain F. Laine, Ricardo Henriques

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: artificial intelligence; machine learning; live-cell imaging; super-resolution microscopy; classification; segmentation

Online: 19 February 2019 (12:20:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0307.v1

Bioinformatic Analysis Reveals That the Reproductive System is Potentially at Risk from SARS-CoV-2

Jiawei Zhang, Yuqi Wu, Rui Wang, Keshi Lu, Menjiang Tu, Huan Guo, Weijie Xie, Zizhen Qin, Shulin Li, Pei Zhu, Xiangwei Wang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; ACE2; reproductive system; single-cell RNA-seq

Online: 21 February 2020 (08:09:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0073.v1

Food as Commons or Commodity? Exploring the Links between Normative Valuations and Agency in Food Transition

Jose Luis Vivero-Pol

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: food valuation; food as commons; food as commodity; transition theory; narratives of transition; agency in transition; transformative agency; counter-hegemonic attitudes; gradual reformers

Online: 16 January 2017 (04:17:20 CET)

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The food system, the most important driver of planetary transformation, is in a deep crisis. Therefore, seeking a sustainable and socially-fair transition pathway becomes an issue of utmost priority for our own survival. The consideration of food as a commodity, a social construct that played a central role in driving this crisis, remains the uncontested narrative to lead the different transition pathways what seems rather contradictory. By exploring the normative values in the transition landscape, this paper seeks to understand how relevant is the hegemonic narrative of “food as commodity” and its alternative of “food as commons” to determine transition trajectories and food policy beliefs. Applying the Multi-level Perspective framework and developing the ill-studied “agency in transition”, this research enquired food-related professionals that belong to an online community of practice (N=95) on valuation of food dimensions and agency in food transitions to check whether the valuation of food is relevant to explain personal stances in transition. Results suggest the socially-constructed view of food as commodity is positively correlated to the gradual reforming attitude, whereas food as commons is positively correlated to the counter-hegemonic transformers regardless the self-defined position in the transition landscape (regime or niches). At personal level, there are multiple loci of resistance with counter-hegemonic attitudes in varied institutions of the regime and the innovative niches, many of them holding this discourse of food as commons. Conversely, alter-hegemonic attitudes are not positively correlated to this alternative discourse and they may inadvertently or purportedly reinforce the ‘‘neoliberal narrative’’. Food as commons, a different narrative whose rationale is explained in the paper, seems to be a relevant framework that could enrich the multiple transformative constituencies that challenge the industrial food system and therefore facilitate the convergence of movements that reject the commodification of food.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0731.v1

High CD169 Monocyte/Lymphocyte Ratio Reflects the Immunophenotyping Disruption and Predicts Oxygen Need in COVID-19 Patients

Antonella Minutolo, Vita Petrone, Marialaura Fanelli, Marco Iannetta, Martina Giudice, Ines Ait Belkacem, Marta Zordan, Pietro Vitale, Guido Rasi, Sinibaldi-Vallebona Paola, Loredana Sarmati, Massimo Andreoni, Fabrice Malergue, Emanuela Balestrieri, Sandro Grelli, Matteucci Claudia

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: cytokine storm; COVID-19; CD169; inflammation; respiratory outcome; T-cell exhaustion; COVID-19 therapy

Online: 31 May 2021 (10:28:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0619.v1

Prevalence of Stress in Healthcare Professional During COVID-19 Pandemic in Northeast México: A Remote Fast Survey Evaluation, the Use of an Adapted COVID-19 Stress Scale

Juan Luis Delgado-Gallegos, Rene de Jesus Montemayor-Garza, Gerardo R. Padilla-Rivas, Hector Franco-Villareal, Jose Francisco Islas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: COVID-19 Mexico; stress in healthcare professionals; COVID-19 stress scale

Online: 26 September 2020 (08:07:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0429.v1

Polyethylene Identification in Ocean Water Samples by Means of 50 Kev Energy Electron Beam

John. I Adlish, Davide Costa, Enrico Mainardi, Piero Neuhold, Riccardo Surrente, Luca J. Tagliapietra

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Microplastics; Polyethylene Ocean Water; Microplastics identification; Microorganisms identification; Ocean Water quality; Drinking water; Food quality; Cancer and microplastics; plastic and ocean; particle physics; particle accelerators in environmental studies.

Online: 18 September 2020 (11:03:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0049.v1

The Covid-19 Infection in Italy: A Statistical Study of an Abnormally Severe Disease

Giuseppe De Natale, Valerio Ricciardi, Gabriele De Luca, Dario De Natale, Giovanni Di Meglio, Antonio Ferragamo, Vito Marchitelli, Andrea Piccolo, Antonio Scala, Renato Somma, Emanuele Spina, Claudia Troise

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Covid-19; epidemic in Italy; statistical forecast

Online: 6 April 2020 (11:28:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0248.v2

Super-Multi-Junction Solar Cell, Device Configuration with the Potential of More Than 50 % of the Annual Energy Conversion Efficiency (Non-Concentration)

Kenji Araki, Yasuyuki Ota, Hiromu Saiki, Hiroki Tawa, Kensuke Nishioka, Masafumi Yamaguchi

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: tandem; solar cell; multi-junction; performance ratio; spectrum; modeling; radiative coupling; luminescence coupling

Online: 14 October 2019 (09:56:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0029.v1

Teaching and Learning Issues in Mathematics in the Context of Nepal

Ram Krishna Panthi, Shashidhar Belbase

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: teaching and learning ıssues in mathematics; social ıssues in mathematics education; cultural ıssues in mathematics education; political ıssues in mathematics education; technological ıssues in mathematics education

Online: 5 June 2017 (06:13:28 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0551.v1

SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Telomerase RNAs Compared to Arrive at an Explanation for Increased Ageing in Alveolar Cells in Severe COVID-19

Han Geurdes

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Telomere attrition in covid19; telomerase and spike RNA

Online: 22 March 2021 (15:48:20 CET)

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Working Paper HYPOTHESIS

Autoimmune Thrombotic Thrombocytopathy Associated with COVID-19 Infection or Vaccination: Learning from Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia

Michel Goldman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; vaccine; heparin; thrombocytopenia; thrombosis; platelet; endothelial cell; autoimmunity; proteoglycan; B cell; coagulation

Online: 9 April 2021 (10:13:14 CEST)

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Working Paper HYPOTHESIS

Could Protein Malnutrition of Rapid Onset Explain the Atypical Symptoms of COVID-19 and Consequential Malfunctioning of the Body? A Hypothesis.

Maralyn Green

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: malnutrition; COVID-19; protein; immune system; SARS-CoV-2; cell proliferation; starvation

Online: 22 September 2020 (08:32:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0042.v1

RNA Identification and Detection of Nucleic Acids as Aerosols in Air Samples by Means of Photon and Electron Interactions

Luca J Tagliapietra, Piero Neuhold, John I Adlish, Riccardo Surrente

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: viral particles; radiobiology; RNA detection; microbiology; matter identification; particle physics; physical modelling; particle accelerators in environmental studies

Online: 10 May 2021 (15:35:15 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Implementing an Electronic Health Record System at a Private Hospital in Nepal

Sushanta Paudyal

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: Health information technology in Nepal

Online: 14 October 2019 (10:38:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0195.v1

Single-Cell RNA-seq Identifies Cell Subsets in Human Placenta That Highly Expresses Factors to Drive Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2

Nancy Ashray, Anshul Bhide, Priyanka Chakarborty, Stacy Colaco, Anuradha Mishra, Karisma Chhabria, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Deepak Modi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Placenta; trophoblast; SARS-CoV-2; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; Single cell RNAseq; scRNA-seq; ACE2; TMPRSS2; CD147; CTSL; inflammation

Online: 11 May 2020 (12:50:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0326.v2

Cell-Based Fish: A Novel Approach to Seafood Production and an Opportunity for Cellular Agriculture

Natalie Rubio, Isha Datar, David Stachura, Kate Krueger

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: cellular agriculture; cell-based seafood; fish tissue culture; bioreactor; serum-free media; ocean conservation; marine cell culture; aquaculture

Online: 25 January 2019 (11:36:58 CET)

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Cellular agriculture is defined as the production of agricultural products from cell cultures rather than from whole plants or animals. With growing interest in cellular agriculture as a means to address the public health, environmental, and animal welfare challenges of animal agriculture, the concept of producing seafood from fish cell- and tissue-cultures is emerging as a means to address similar challenges with industrial aquaculture systems and marine capture. Cell-based seafood - as opposed to animal-based seafood - can combine developments in biomedical engineering with modern aquaculture techniques. Biomedical engineering developments such as closed-system bioreactor production of land animal cells create a basis for large scale production of marine animal cells. Aquaculture techniques such as genetic modification and closed system aquaculture have achieved marked gains in production that can pave the way for innovations in cell-based seafood production. Here, we present the current state of innovation relevant to the development of cell-based seafood across multiple species as well as specific opportunities and challenges that exist for advancing this science. The authors find that the physiological properties of fish cell- and tissue- culture may be uniquely suited to cultivation in vitro. These physiological properties, including hypoxia tolerance, high buffering capacity, and low-temperature growth conditions, make marine cell culture an attractive opportunity for scale production of cell-based seafood; perhaps even more so than mammalian and avian cell cultures for cell-based meats. This, coupled with the unique capabilities of crustacean tissue-friendly scaffolding such as chitosan, a common seafood waste product and mushroom derivative, presents great promise for cell-based seafood production via bioreactor cultivation. To become fully realized, cell-based seafood research will require more understanding of fish muscle culture and cultivation; more investigation into serum-free media formulations optimized for fish cell culture; and bioreactor designs tuned to the needs of fish cells for large scale production.

Working Paper ARTICLE

A Preceding Low-virulence Strain Pandemic Inducing Immunity Against COVID-19

Hagai Perets, Ruth Perets

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; low-virulence; high-virulence; pandemic; T-cell; immunity; virus; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 16 July 2020 (13:02:40 CEST)

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Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is thought to began in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Mobility analysis identified East-Asia and Oceania countries to be highly-exposed to COVID-19 spread, consistent with the earliest spread occurring in these regions. However, here we show that while a strong positive correlation between case-numbers and exposure level could be seen early-on as expected, at later times the infection-level is found to be negatively correlated with exposure-level. Moreover, the infection level is positively correlated with the population size, which is puzzling since it has not reached the level necessary for population-size to affect infection-level through herd immunity. These issues are resolved if a low-virulence Corona-strain (LVS) began spreading earlier in China outside of Wuhan, and later globally, providing immunity from the later appearing high-virulence strain (HVS). Following its spread into Wuhan, cumulative mutations gave rise to the emergence of an HVS, known as SARS-CoV-2, starting the COVID-19 pandemic. We model the co-infection by an LVS and an HVS, and show that it can explain the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic and the non-trivial dependence on the exposure level to China and the population-size in each country. We find that the LVS began its spread a few months before the onset of the HVS, and that its spread doubling-time is

\sim 1.59 \pm 0.17

times slower than the HVS. Although more slowly spreading, its earlier onset allowed the LVS to spread globally before the emergence of the HVS. In particular, in countries exposed earlier to the LVS and/or having smaller population-size, the LVS could achieve herd-immunity earlier, and quench the later-spread HVS at earlier stages. We find our two-parameter (the spread-rate and the initial onset time of the LVS) can accurately explain the current infection levels (R^2

=0.74

; correlation p-value (p) of 5x10^-13

). Furthermore, countries exposed early should have already achieved herd-immunity. We predict that in those countries cumulative infection levels could rise by no more than 2-3 times the current level through local-outbreaks, even in the absence of any containment measures. We suggest several tests and predictions to further verify the double-strain co-infection model and discuss the implications of identifying the LVS.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0302.v1

The Single-Celled Ancestors of Animals: A History of Hypotheses

Thibaut Brunet, Nicole King

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: evolutionary cell biology; evo-devo; animal origins; choanoflagellates; history of science; Haeckel; Metchnikoff; Blastaea; origin of multicellularity

Online: 10 November 2020 (11:18:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0006.v1

Salmonella Typhimurium Induces Cloacitis-Like Symptoms in Zebrafish Larvae

Macarena Varas, Javiera Ortíz-Severín, Andrés E. Marcoleta, Francisco Díaz-Pascual, Miguel L. Allende, Carlos A. Santiviago, Francisco P. Chávez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Deformed cloacal region; Danio rerio; Live-Cell imaging; Salmonella infection; Immune response; Cloacitis

Online: 3 February 2017 (04:18:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0439.v2

Morphological Changes in H1299 Human Lung Cancer Cells Following Millimeter-Wave Irradiation

Konstantin Komoshvili, Tzippi Becker, Jacob Levitan, Asher Yahalom, Ayan Barbora, Stella Liberman-Aronov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: non-ionizing radiation; lung cancer; millimeter waves; cell morphology; 75-110 GHz

Online: 17 April 2020 (12:49:49 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0220.v1

Maristem - Stem Cells of Marine/Aquatic Invertebrates: From Basic Research to Innovative Applications

Loriano Ballarin, Baruch Rinkevich, Kerstin Bartscherer, Artur Burzynski, Sebastien Cambier, Matteo Cammarata, Isabelle Domart-Coulon, Damjana Drobne, Juanma Encinas, Uri Frank, Anne-Marie Geneviere, Bert Hobmayer, Helike Löhelaid, Daniel Lyons, Pedro Martinez, Paola Oliveri, Lorena Peric, Stefano Piraino, Andreja Ramšak, Sebastian Rakers, Fabian Rentzsch, Amalia Rosner, Tiago Henriques da Silva, Ildiko Somorjai, Sherif Suleiman, Ana Varela Coelho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: aging; bioactive molecules; blue biotechnology; cancer; cell culture; COST Action; Europe; marine/aquatic invertebrates; regeneration; stem cells

Online: 24 January 2018 (04:14:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201605.0003.v1

Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/Hydroxyapatite Porous Scaffold with Microchannels for Bone Regeneration

Ning Zhang, Yang Wang, Wenpeng Xu, Yong Hu, Jianxun Ding

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: poly(lactide-co-glycolide); hydroxyapatite; porous scaffold; microchannel; cell ingrowth; mass exchange; bone tissue engineering

Online: 27 May 2016 (11:25:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0218.v1

Oleanolic Acid Induces p53 Dependent Apoptosis via the ERK/JNK/AKT Pathway in Cancer Cell Lines

Gyeong-Ji Kim, Hyeon-Ju Jo, Kang-Hyun Chung, Kwon-Jai Lee, Jeung Hee An

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: anticancer activity; apoptosis; oleanolic acid; cell cycle arrest; mapk signaling

Online: 31 May 2017 (11:28:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0048.v1

UAV Low Altitude Photogrammetry for Power Line Inspection

Yong Zhang, Xiuxiao Yuan, Yi Fang, Shiyu Chen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: UAV remote sensing; power line inspection; dense matching; virtual photography; automatic detection of obstacles in power line corridor

Online: 5 August 2016 (08:07:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0026.v1

Microscopic Processes In Global Relativistic Jets Containing Helical Magnetic Fields

Kenichi Nishikawa, Yosuke Mizuno, Jacek Niemiec, Oleh Kobzar, Martin Pohl, Jose Gomez, Ioana Dutan, Asaf Pe’er, Jacob Frederiksen, Aake Nordlund, Athina Meli, Helene Sol, Phil Hardee, Dieter Hartmann

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: relativistic jets; particle-in-cell simulations; global jets; helical magnetic fields; kinetic instabilities; kink instability

Online: 13 July 2016 (05:37:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0086.v1

Thermal analysis of a fast charging technique for a high power lithium ion cell

Victor Manuel García Fernández, Cecilio Blanco Viejo, David Anseán González, Manuela González Vega, Yoana Fernández Pulido, Juan Carlos Alvarez Antón

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: thermal model; fast charge; lithium-ion cell

Online: 27 July 2016 (16:30:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0714.v1

Towards a Biomanufactory on Mars

Aaron Berliner, Jacob M. Hilzinger, Anthony J. Abel, Matthew McNulty, George Makrygiorgos, Nils J.H. Averesch, Soumyajit Sen Gupta, Alexander Benvenuti, Daniel Caddell, Stefano Cestellos-Blanco, Anna Doloman, Skyler Friedline, Desiree Ho, Wenyu Gu, Avery Hill, Paul Kusuma, Isaac Lipsky, Mia Mirkovic, Jorge Meraz, Vince Pane, Kyle B. Sander, Fengzhe Shi, Jeffrey M. Skerker, Alexander Styer, Kyle Valgardson, Kelly Wetmore, Sung-Geun Woo, Yongao Xiong, Kevin Yates, Cindy Zhang, Shuyang Zhen, Bruce Bugbee, Devin Coleman-Derr, Ali Mesbah, Somen Nandi, Robert W. Waymouth, Peidong Yang, Craig S. Criddle, Karen A. McDonald, Amor A. Menezes, Lance C. Seefeldt, Douglas S. Clark, Adam P. Arkin

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: space systems bioengineering; human exploration; mars; in situ resource utilization; life support systems; biomanufacturing

Online: 29 December 2020 (07:57:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0068.v2

Classical and Novel TSPO Ligands for the Mitochondrial TSPO can Modulate Nuclear Gene Expression: Implications for Mitochondrial Retrograde Signaling

Nasra Yasin, Leo Veenman, Sukhdev Singh, Maya Azrad, Julia Bode, Alex Vainshtein, Bea Caballero, Ilan Marek, Moshe Gavish

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: modulation of nuclear gene expression; mitochondrial 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO); TSPO ligand; PK 11195; 2-Cl-MGV-1; retrograde mitochondrial-nuclear signaling pathway; microscopy; mitochondria; cell nucleus

Online: 17 March 2017 (17:28:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0221.v1

Single Cell Analysis of ACE2 Expression Reveals the Potential Targets for 2019-nCoV

Yanyan Zhu, Miaomiao Jiang, Liang Gao, Xiaoyun Huang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: ACE2; single cell; 2019-nCoV

Online: 16 February 2020 (14:56:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0116.v1

Potent Natural Inhibitors of Alpha-Glucosidase and Alpha-Amylase against Hyperglycemia in Vitro and in Vivo

Jirawat Riyaphan, Chien-Hung Jhong, May-Jwan Tsai, Der-Nan Lee, Max K. Leong, Ching-Feng Weng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: In vivo; Alpha-glucosidase; Alpha-amylase; hyperglycemia

Online: 16 March 2017 (09:35:36 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0201.v1

Oncogenic Signaling Pathways in Cancer: An Overview

Afshin Derakhshani, Zeinab Rostami, Sina Taefehshokr, Hossein Safarpour, Reza Vaezi Astamal, Nima Taefehshokr, Nazila Alizadeh, Antonella Argentiero, Nicola Silvestris, Behzad Baradaran

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: cancer; cell signaling; therapeutic targets; signaling pathways

Online: 12 March 2020 (04:53:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0035.v1

Real-Time Performance of Mechatronic PZT Module Using Active Vibration Feedback Control

Francesco Aggogeri, Alberto Borboni, Angelo Merlo, Nicola Pellegrini, Raffaele Ricatto

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: real-time control; mechatronics; PZT actuators; vibration; hardware-in-the-loop

Online: 4 August 2016 (06:20:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0013.v1

A Survey of English Language Teaching in Higher Institutions of Learning in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Tatiana Shulgina, Gopal Sagaran

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: English language; motivational intensity; survey; trends; challenges in Malaysia

Online: 1 November 2017 (10:58:01 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0170.v1

Nanocellulose in Biotechnology and Medicine: Focus on Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing

Lucie Bacakova, Julia Pajorova, Marketa Bacakova, Anne Skogberg, Pasi Kallio, Katerina Kolarova, Vaclav Svorcik

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: bacterial nanocellulose; nanofibrillated nanocellulose; animal nanocellulose; algal nanocellulose; tissue engineering; tissue repair; wound dressing; cell delivery; drug delivery; antimicrobial properties

Online: 14 December 2018 (06:44:53 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0763.v1

Overview of Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Recent Advancement from Fundamentals to Applications: MFC Designs, Major Elements, and Scalability

Sami G. A. Flimban, Taeyoung Kim, Iqbal Mohammad Ibrahim Ismail, Sang-Eun Oh

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Microbial fuel cell (MFC); fuel cell elements; design; energy generation; Scaling up; configuration

Online: 2 November 2018 (10:04:38 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0060.v1

The Telomerase-Derived Anticancer Peptide Vaccine GV1001 as an Extracellular Heat Shock Protein-Mediated Cell-Penetrating Peptide

Hong Kim, Eun-Hye Seo, Seung-Hyun Lee, Bum-Joon Kim

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs); reverse-transcriptase-subunit of telomerase (hTERT); GV1001; heat shock protein 90

Online: 11 November 2016 (09:59:30 CET)

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Preprint COMMENTARY | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0187.v1

A Plausible Biological Mechanism by which Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Increase the Risk of Childhood Leukemia

Miguel López-Lázaro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: magnetic fields; power lines; cancer; carcinogenesis; stem cell division theory of cancer

Online: 22 August 2016 (05:15:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0067.v1

Determination and Evaluation of the Parameters for the Green & AMPT Infiltration Equation in Some Agricultural Soils in Mexico

Jorge Víctor Prado Hernández, Fermín Pascual Ramírez, David Cristóbal Acevedo, Mauricio Carrillo García, Antonio Martínez Ruíz

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: water in the soil; surface irrigation; water storage; irrigation modelling; soil hydrodynamics

Online: 13 December 2016 (09:55:18 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0167.v1

Profiling the Immune Vulnerability Landscape of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus

James Zhu, Jiwoong Kim, Xue Xiao, Yunguan Wang, Danni Luo, Ran Chen, Lin Xu, He Zhang, Guanghua Xiao, Xiaowei Zhan, Tao Wang, Yang Xie

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: 2019-nCoV; Immune; B cell; T cell; COVID-19

Online: 13 February 2020 (10:53:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0084.v1

In silico Repositioning for Dual Inhibitor Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) 3C-like Protease and Papain-like Peptidase

Kowsar Bagherzadeh, Kourosh Daneshvarnejad, Mohammad Abbasinazari, homa azizian

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: in silico repositioning; dual inhibitor; Covid-19; 3CLpro; PLpro; remdesivir

Online: 7 April 2020 (10:44:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0090.v1

A Comprehensive Study of Key Electric Vehicle (EV) Components, Technologies, Challenges, Impacts, and Future Direction of Development

Fuad Un-Noor, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Lucian Mihet-Popa, Mohammad Nurunnabi Mollah, Eklas Hossain

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Electric Vehicle; internal combustion engine; greenhouse gas; optimization techniques; Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV); Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV); Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV); Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV).

Online: 10 May 2017 (17:44:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0033.v1

Experimental Analysis of Thermal Runaway in 18650 Cylindrical Li-Ion Cells Using an Accelerating Rate Calorimeter

Boxia Lei, Wenjiao Zhao, Carlos Ziebert, Nils Uhlmann, Magnus Rohde, Hans Juergen Seifert

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Li-ion cell; Thermal runaway; Accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC); Pressure Change

Online: 10 February 2017 (16:58:01 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0134.v1

Arbidol (Umifenovir): A Broad-spectrum Antiviral Drug that Inhibits Medically Important Arthropod-borne Flaviviruses

Jan Haviernik, Michal Stefanik, Martina Fojtikova, Sabrina Kali, Noël Tordo, Ivo Rudolf, Zdenek Hubalek, Ludek Eyer, Daniel Ruzek

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: flavivirus; arbidol; umifenovir; antiviral activity; cytotoxicity; cell-type dependent antiviral effect

Online: 21 February 2018 (14:44:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0179.v1

Δ9–Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-Rich Compositions from Cannabis Have Cytotoxic Activity Against Ovarian Cancer Cells and Act Synergistically With Niraparib in vitro

Nurit Shalev, Michelle Kendall, Seegehalli M Anil, Ajjampura C Vinayaka, Hinanit Koltai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: ovarian cancer; cannabis; phytocannabinoids; apoptosis; cytotoxicity; cell cycle; MAPK4; PARP1

Online: 9 September 2021 (11:57:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0039.v1

Numerical Simulation of a Vortex Combustor Based on Aluminum and Steam

Xianhe Chen, Zhixun Xia, Liya Huang, Likun Ma

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: aluminum particle; steam; vortex combustor; diffusion flame; numerical simulation

Online: 12 October 2016 (10:11:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0125.v1

Up-regulation of Lamin A/C Expression in Epstein-Barr Virus Immortalized B Cells and Burkitt Lymphoma Cell Lines of Activated B Cell Phenotype

Ferenc Bánáti, Anita Koroknai, Kálmán Szenthe, Tamás Tereh, Nóra Kovács, Anita Hidasi, Barbara Bánkuti, Krisztina Buzás, Frederic Lemnitzer, Zsolt Ruzsics, Susan Szathmary, Hans Wolf, Dániel Salamon, János Minárovits, Hans-Helmut Niller

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Lamin, EBV latency, transformation, epigenetic regulation, activated B cell

Online: 24 November 2016 (17:53:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0137.v1

A Portable Live Cell Culture and Imaging System with Optional Umbilical Bioreactor Using a Modified Infant Incubator

Malcolm Brinn, Said F. Al-Sarawi, Tien-Fu Lu, Brian J. C. Freeman, Jaliya Kumaratilake, Maciej Henneberg

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: cell culture; bioreactor; live cell imaging; tissue engineering

Online: 31 January 2017 (12:39:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0119.v1

Lévy–Khintchine Representation of Toader–Qi Mean

Feng Qi, Bai-Ni Guo

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: Lévy–Khintchine representation; integral representation; Bernstein function; Stieltjes function; Toader–Qi mean; weighted geometric mean; Bessel function of the first kind; probabilistic interpretation; probabilistic interpretation; application in engineering; inequality

Online: 16 March 2017 (11:31:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0035.v1

Use of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Test in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Treatment Efficacy in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Ping-Chin Chang, Pin-Hui Wang, Kow-Tong Chen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test; pulmonary tuberculosis; sensitivity; specificity

Online: 9 January 2017 (03:58:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0224.v2

Pseudopterosin Inhibits Proliferation and 3D Invasion in Triple Negative Breast Cancer by Agonizing Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha

Julia Sperlich, Nicole Teusch

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: pseudopterosin; triple negative breast cancer; glucocorticoid receptor alpha; dexamethasone; cell proliferation; 3D invasion; tumor spheroid; co-culture; interleukin 6; interleukin 8

Online: 2 August 2018 (06:08:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0088.v2

NANOG Plays a Hierarchical Role in the Transcription Network Regulating the Pluripotency and Plasticity of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells (ASCs)

Maria Pitrone, Giuseppe Pizzolanti, Laura Tomasello, Antonina Coppola, Lorenzo Morini, Gianni Pantuso, Romina Ficarella, Valentina Guarnotta, Sebastio Perrini, Francesco Giorgino, Carla Giordano

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Adipose derived stem cell (ASC); Regenerative medicine; embryonic stem cell marker network

Online: 20 January 2017 (04:56:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0147.v1

A MEMS Device for Quantitative in situ Mechanical Testing in Electron Microscope

Xiaodong Wang, Shengcheng Mao, Jianfei Zhang, Zhipeng Li, Qingsong Deng, Jin Ning, Xudong Yang, Li Wang, Yuan Ji, Xiaochen Li, Yinong Liu, Ze Zhang, Xiaodong Han

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: piezoresistive sensor; electron microscope; in situ mechanical test

Online: 30 December 2016 (04:16:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.3390/sci1030058

Thermodynamic Jump from Prebiotic Microsystems to Primary Living Cells

Vladimir Kompanichenko

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: origin of life; prebiotic system; living cell; oscillation; organic molecule; experiment; hydrothermal system

Online: 6 October 2019 (00:00:00 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Quantifying the Persistence of Vaccine-related T cell Epitopes in Circulating Swine Influenza A Strains from 2013-2017

Swan Tan, Andres H. Gutiérrez, Philip C. Gauger, Tanja Opriessnig, Justin Bahl, Leonard Moise, Anne S. De Groot

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Swine IAV; Immunoinformatics; T cell epitope conservation

Online: 17 March 2021 (10:55:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0010.v1

Static Formation Temperature Prediction Based on Bottom Hole Temperature

Changwei Liu, Youguang Chen, Lin Jia, Dong Ma, Kewen Li

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: static formation temperature; shut-in time; least squares; PSO

Online: 2 August 2016 (05:42:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0023.v1

Effects of Biomimetic Shear Stress by Self-Assembled Gelatin Oleic Nanoparticles Containing Paclitaxel on the Behavior of Cancer Cell Lines in a Microfluidic System

Taehee Kang, Thuy Thi Thanh Tran, Kyung Taek Oh, Han-Gon Choi, Beom-Jin Lee

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: gelatin-oleic conjugate; self-assembled biodegradable nanoparticles; biomimetic shear stress; cell dynamic environment; cellular drug delivery; paclitaxel

Online: 4 April 2017 (10:59:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0115.v2

Targeted Cancer Therapy: Vital Oncogenes and a New Molecular Genetic Paradigm for Cancer Initiation Progression and Treatment

Rudolph E. Willis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: oncogenes; oncogene addiction; carcinogenesis; transcription factor; cancer genome; gene fusion; cancer genetics; cancer stem cell; targeted cancer therapy; personalized medicine

Online: 14 September 2016 (08:30:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0041.v1

Vimentin as a Multifaceted Player and Potential Therapeutic Target in Viral Infections

Irene Ramos, Konstantinos Stamatakis, Clara L. Oeste, Dolores Pérez-Sala

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Vimentin; Cell surface vimentin; SARS-CoV; Vimentin-pathogen interactions; Anti-vimentin autoantibodies; Inflammation

Online: 3 May 2020 (09:00:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0216.v1

A Dysbiotic Mycobiome Dominated by Candida albicans is Identified within Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Manosha Perera, Nezar Noor Al-hebshi, Irosha Perera, Deepak Ipe, Glen Ulett, David J. Speicher, Tsute Chen, Newell W. Johnson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: 18S rRNA; fungi; mycobiome; carcinoma; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; microbiome; mouth; squamous cell

Online: 30 March 2017 (05:37:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0088.v1

Modern Methods for Aircraft Power and Propulsion

Relly Victoria Petrescu, Raffaella Aversa, Antonio Apicella, Florian Ion Tiberiu Petrescu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: aerospace propulsion; electric motors; hydrogen burners; hydrogen storage; honeycomb cell reservoirs; solar photovoltaic power; modern propulsions.

Online: 7 March 2019 (10:24:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0029.v2

Distal [FeS]-Cluster Coordination in [NiFe]-Hydrogenase Facilitates Intermolecular Electron Transfer

Alexander Petrenko, Matthias Stein

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Theoretical Chemistry Keywords: electron transfer; Marcus equation; enzymatic fuel cell; hydrogen oxidation; electrode adsorption; DFT; bioelectrochemistry

Online: 9 January 2017 (02:49:00 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0020.v1

Potential Modes of Intercellular Alpha-Synuclein Transmission

Dario Valdinocci, Rowan A. W. Radford, Sue Maye Siow, Roger S. Chung, Dean L. Pountney

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: alpha-synuclein; Parkinsons disease; dementia with Lewy bodies; multiple system atrophy; tunelling nanotube; glymphatic system; cell-to-cell spread

Online: 7 February 2017 (03:24:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0020.v1

Graviola (Annona muricata) Exerts Anti-Proliferative, Anti-Clonogenic and Pro-Apoptotic Effects in Human Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer UW-BCC1 and A431 Cells In Vitro: Involvement of Hedgehog Signaling

Jean Christopher Chamcheu, Islam Rady, Roxane-Cherille N. Chamcheu, Abu Bakar Siddique, Melissa B. Bloch, Sergette Banang Mbeumi, Abiola S. Babatunde, Mohammad B. Uddin, Felicite K. Noubissi, Peter W. Jurutka, Yong-Yu Liu, Vladimir S. Spiegelman, G. Kerr Whitfield, Khalid A. El Sayed

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: Annona muricata; apoptosis; basal cell carcinoma; cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; graviola; Hedgehog signaling pathway; natural products chemistry; non-melanoma skin cancer

Online: 1 June 2018 (13:00:02 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0395.v2

Beclabuvir can Inhibit the RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase of Newly Emerged Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)

Kunal Dutta, Sergey Shityakov, Olga Morozova, Ibrahim Khalifa, Jin Zhang, Wei Zhu, Amiya Panda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2); RdRp; HCV; beclabuvir; in silico; molecular docking

Online: 2 April 2020 (11:25:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.3390/sci2030068

Perspectives on Topical Medical Research in the COVID-19 Era

Michael McAleer

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: COVID-19; pooling clinical trials; hyperinfection; steroids; treatment; targeted healthcare; population health management; cancer treatment; clinical research; clinical trials; developing vaccines; ranking and rating hospital quality; school closures; interventions for delirium; assessments of COVID-19 death inequities; regulatory safeguards; preventing child abuse and maltreatment; prevalence of health care worker burnout; nursing home ratings; challenging oncology practice; addressing racial; ethnic; social and economic divides; violence against sexual minority adolescents; primary tumors; metastasis; stages of cancer; reforming cancer clinical trials; supporting carers; protection and prevention; benign and malignant tumors; reforming cancer clinical trials; protection of healthcare personnel; comparing excess deaths in NYC; 1918 influenza pandemic; the possibility of full recovery from COVID-19; mental health impact of COVID-19 on young adults; ranking and rating nursing home quali

Online: 21 August 2020 (00:00:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0024.v1

Inflammatory Bacteriome Featuring Fusobacterium nucleatum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Identified in Association with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Nezar Noor Al-hebshi, Akram Thabet Nasher, Mohamed Yousef Maryoud, Husham E. Homeida, Tsute Chen, Ali Mohamed Idris, Newell W. Johnson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: 16S rRNA; bacteria; bacteriome; carcinoma; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; microbiome; mouth; squamous cell

Online: 6 March 2017 (04:47:15 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0098.v1

MicroRNAs in the Communication between Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAF) and Cancer Cells

Maren Schoepp, Anda Jana Stroese, Joerg Haier

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: MicroRNA; cancer associated fibroblasts; cell-cell communication; transformation; epigenetic

Online: 28 February 2017 (10:29:27 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0221.v3

Tucaresol: A Unique Oral Candidate Drug Ideally Accessible for Treatment of COVID-19 Disease

Christopher Penney, Boulos Zacharie, Jean-Simon Duceppe

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Tucaresol; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; HIV; T helper cell; CD4 receptor

Online: 14 March 2023 (08:51:05 CET)

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Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has significantly impacted world health and economic status. In response, much work has been undertaken to provide effective, safe vaccines, antibodies and antiviral drugs with which to address this pandemic. Treatment of a pandemic population presents multiple challenges in addition to the primary issue of drug efficacy and safety, such as large scale drug manufacture and distribution, drug stability, oral dosing and pharmacoeconomic considerations. Ideally, these factors must be addressed if new candidate drugs are to be advanced for treatment of large (pandemic) populations. Subsequently, new antivirals have reached the market but choices are few. According to the NIH Covid Treatment Guidelines, only three small molecule antiviral drugs are available to treat COVID-19 disease. As such, a significant part of the research towards discovery of new antiviral drugs has focused on screening and evaluation of ‘repurposed drugs’ or previously approved or clinical stage drugs. Yet, in spite of this increased research activity, one promising clinical stage candidate drug has received little attention regarding its potential as a monotherapy or component of combination therapy for treatment of COVID-19 disease. Tucaresol, with documented human safety and pharmacokinetic data, is an orally active, stable, small molecule amenable to large scale manufacture by a proprietary two-step synthesis developed by us. Tucaresol functions as a host-targeted antiviral by selective protection/reconstitution of CD4+ T helper cells as demonstrated in HIV patients and SIV macaques. In view of similarities between HIV and SARS-CoV-2, especially with respect to host CD4+ T helper cells, and the suitability of Tucaresol for facile treatment of pandemic populations, Tucaresol is presented herein for treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients but may also be useful for treatment of advanced disease accompanied by lymphopenia.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0211.v1

Experimental Dissection of Metalloproteinase Inhibition-Mediated and Toxic Effects of Phenanthroline on Zebrafish Development.

Tonya R. Ellis, Bryan D. Crawford

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Metalloproteinase; phenanthroline; metalloproteinase inhibitor; zebrafish; aryl hydrocarbon receptor; poly aromatic hydrocarbon toxicity; angiogenesis; neural crest; in vivo study

Online: 26 August 2016 (11:19:51 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0450.v1

Replacement Strategies for Animal Studies in Inhalation Testing

Eleonore Fröhlich

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: 3Rs; replacement of animals; inhalation; in vitro; animal models; species differences; lung morphology; rodents; aerosol exposure

Online: 19 May 2021 (14:30:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0358.v1

In-Silico Analysis of Natural Products That Modulates Enzymes of Diabetic Target

Babita Aryal, Saroj Basnet, Bishnu P. Marasini, Karan Khadayat, Darbin Kumar Poudel, Ganesh Lamichhane, Prakriti Budhathoki, Purushottam Niraula, Sonika Dawadi, Rishab Marahatha, Sitaram Phuyal, Niranjan Parajuli

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Enzyme inhibition; Secondary Metabolites; In-silico Analysis; Molecular docking; Drug candidates

Online: 30 June 2020 (08:11:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0105.v1

In Vivo Imaging of Local Gene Expression Induced by Magnetic Hyperthermia

Olivier Sandre, Coralie Genevois, Eneko Garaio, Laurent Adumeau, Stéphane Mornet, Franck Couillaud

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: magnetic hyperthermia; gene therapies; heat shock protein promoter; in vivo optical imaging; magnetic polymer-coated nanoparticles

Online: 24 January 2017 (04:14:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0001.v1

Effective Height of a Floor Splitter Anti-Vortex Device under Varying Flow Conditions

Hyung-Jun Kim, Sung Won Park, Dong Sop Rhee

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Pump station, Sump, Anti-vortex device, Flow pattern, Vortex

Online: 3 October 2016 (11:15:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0037.v1

Measurement of Heat-Flux of New Type Façade Walls

Todorka Samardzioska, Roberta Apostolska

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: energy efficient building; heat flux; thermal transmittance; in situ measurement

Online: 4 August 2016 (08:09:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0050.v1

Preparation and Evaluation of an Elusive Polymorph of Mefenamic Acid by High Pressure Techniques

Nasir Abbas, Iain Oswald, Colin R. Pulham

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Physical Chemistry Keywords: mefenamic acid; diamond anvil cell; high-pressure; polymorphism; high-pressure crystallization; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Online: 8 March 2017 (08:58:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.3390/sci1020055

Copper-to-Zinc Ratio Correlates with an Inflammatory Marker in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease

Mathias Emokpae, Emmanuel Fatimehin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: copper; c-reactive protein; inflammation; sickle cell disease; zinc

Online: 18 September 2019 (00:00:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0050.v1

Exploring FPGA Based Lock-in Techniques for Brain Monitoring Applications

Giuseppe Costantino Giaconia, Giuseppe Greco, Leonardo Mistretta, Raimondo Rizzo

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Digital Lock-in Amplifier (DLIA); Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA); Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS); Hardware Description Language (HDL); Light Emitting Diode (LED); Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM); Microprocessors

Online: 14 February 2017 (09:11:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0070.v1

Effects of Fetal Exposure to Asian Sand Dust on Fetal Development and Reproductive Function in Male Offspring

Seiichi Yoshida, Takamichi Ichinose, Keiichi Arashidani, Miao He, Hirohisa Takano, Takayuki Shibamoto

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: asian sand dust; in utero exposure; secondary sex ratio; male reproduction; daily sperm production

Online: 20 September 2016 (11:39:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0078.v1

In Vitro Study of a Superhydrophilic Thin Film Nitinol Endograft that Is Electrostatically Endothelialized in the Catheter Prior to the Endovascular Procedure

Mahdis Shayan, Yanfei Chen, Puneeth Shridhar, Colin P. Kealey, Youngjae Chun

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: thin film nitinol; electrostatic cell seeding; biocompatibility; endovascular devices

Online: 23 September 2016 (03:45:59 CEST)

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Electrostatic endothelial cell seeding has evolved as an exceptional technique to improve the efficiency of cell seeding in terms of frequency of attached cells and the amount of cell adhesion for the treatment of vascular diseases. In the recent times, both untreated and superhydrophilic thin film nitinol (TFN) have exhibited strong prospect as substrates for creation of small-diameter endovascular grafts due to their hallmark properties of superelasticity, ultra low-profile character, grown hemocompatible oxide layer with the presence of a uniform endothelial layer on the surface. The purpose of the current study is to understand the effects of endothelial cell seeding parameters (i.e., applied voltage, incubation time, substrate chemistry and cell suspension solution) to investigate the cell seeding phenomenon and to improve the cell adhesion and growth on the TFN surface under electrostatic transplantation. Both parallel plate and cylindrical capacitor models were used along with the Taguchi Design of Experiment (DOE) methods to design in vitro test parameters. A novel in vitro system for cylindrical capacitor model was created using a micro flow pump, micro incubation system, and silicone tubings. The augmented endothelialization on thin film nitinol was developed to determine the effect of cell seeding and deployed in a 6 Fr intravascular catheter setup. Cell viability along with morphology and proliferation of adhered cells were evaluated using fluorescent and scanning electron microscopy. Our results demonstrated that the maximum number of cells attached on STFN in the catheter was observed in 5V with the 2 hr exposure of in the cell culture medium (CCM) solution. The condition showed 5V voltage with 0.68×10-6 µC electrostatic charge and 5.11 V·mm-1 electric field. Our findings have first demonstrated that the electrostatic endothelialization on the superhydrophilic thin film nitinol endograft within the catheter prior to the endovascular procedure could enhance the biocompatibility for low-profile endovascular applications.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0078.v1

High Step-up Voltage Gain Converter with Ripple-free Input Current for Renewable Energy Sources

Zhangyong Chen, Yong Chen

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: input current ripple-free; boost converter; coupled-inductor; voltage-doubler cell; passive lossless clamp circuits; high voltage gain; renewable energy

Online: 17 January 2017 (11:10:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0051.v1

TTF1, in the Form of Nanoparticles, Inhibits Angiogenesis, Cell Migration and Cell Invasion in VitroandIn Vivoin Human Hepatoma through STAT3 Regulation

Bin Xiao, Dongjing Lin, Xuan Zhang, Meilan Zhang, Xuewu Zhang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: angiogenesis; cell invasion; cell migration; Flavone derivative (TTF1); hepatoma; STAT3

Online: 9 November 2016 (10:21:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0177.v1

John H. Miller Jr., Martha Y. S. Villagrán

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: layered superconductor; thin film; superconducting properties; flux vortex; Josephson vortex; Abrikosov vortex; Josephson junction; quantum tunneling; soliton; grain boundary

Online: 24 May 2017 (08:57:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0115.v1

The Future of Cybersecurity with Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML)

Hrishitva Patel

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Security Systems Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI); Machine Learning (ML); Cyber security; Uses of Cyber security; Future in Cyber security; AI and ML in Cyber security

Online: 6 January 2023 (04:39:20 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0490.v1

Correction of the Sickle Cell Mutation Through Base and Prime Editing in Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Kelly Ji

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: base editing; prime editing; ABE; SCD; sickle cell disease; sickle cell anemia; CRISPR; Cas9

Online: 21 September 2020 (04:23:21 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0006.v1

Ex-Situ vs. In-Situ Defluoridation of the Contaminated Aquifers: A State-of-the-Art Review

Meenakshi Arora, Nibha Gupta

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: Fluoride, groundwater, in-situ remediation, pump and treat

Online: 2 January 2017 (13:57:12 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0614.v1

Mixed Effects and Mechanisms of Cannabinoids for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment

Khanh Tran

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Triple-negative breast cancer; cannabinoid; marijuana; cell signalling; medicinal plants

Online: 28 July 2021 (08:56:32 CEST)

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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer characterized by the lack of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors, and HER-2 receptors. Thus, TNBC tumours do not benefit from the current therapies targeting ER or HER-2. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel treatment for this subtype of breast cancer. Marijuana is a common name given to Cannabis plants, a group of plants in the Cannabis genus of the Cannabaceae family. Cannabis plants are among the oldest cultivated crops, traced back at least 12,000 years and are well known for their multi-purpose usage, including medicinal purposes. The main active compounds extracted from Cannabis plants are 21-carbon-containing terpenophenolics, which are referred to as phytocannabinoids. Of these, the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) group contains highly potent cannabinoids, including delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC) and delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆8-THC), which are the most abundant THCs and are largely responsible for psychological and physiological effects of marijuana. The use of Cannabis plants for medicinal purposes was first recorded in 2337 BC in China, where Cannabis plants were used to treat pains, rheumatism, and gout. Recently, several cannabinoids have been approved for a number of treatments, one of which is the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy in cancer patients. Furthermore, increasing evidence shows that cannabinoids not only attenuate side effects due to cancer treatment, but might also potentially possess direct antitumor effects in several cancer types, including breast cancer. However, anti-tumour activity of marijuana has been variable in different studies and even promoted tumour growth in some cases. In addition, the mechanisms of cannabinoid action in cancer remain unclear. This review summarizes evidence about the mixed actions of cannabinoids in cancer in general and triple-negative breast cancer in particular.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0092.v1

COVID-19 Vaccine Candidates by Identification of B and T Cell Multi-Epitopes Against SARS-COV-2

Suresh Kumar, Sarmilah Mathavan, Wee Jia Jin, Nur Azznira Bt Azman, Devindren Subramanaiam, Nur Afiqah Binti Zainalabidin, Dhivashini Lingadaran, Zainah Binti Abdul Sattar, Danniya Lakshmi Manickam, Priscilla Sheba Anbananthan, Johan Ahmad Taqiyuddin, Yuvapriya Thevarajan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; epitopes; B-cell; T-cell; immuno informatics; MHC-I; MHC-II

Online: 4 August 2020 (11:18:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0237.v1

Valproic Acid Induces Endocytosis-Mediated Doxorubicin Internalization and Shows Synergistic Anti-Proliferation Effects in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Subbroto Kumar Saha, Yingfu Yin, Kyeongseok Kim, Gwang-Mo Yang, Ahmed Abdal Dayem, Hye Yeon Choi, Ssang-goo Cho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: valproic acid; doxorubicin; reactive oxygen species; autophagy; cell death; caveolae endocytosis pathway

Online: 31 March 2017 (12:08:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0074.v1

The Stem Cell Division Theory of Cancer

Miguel López-Lázaro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: cancer etiology; carcinogenesis; cancer prevention; stem cells; cancer stem cells; stem cell environment; cells of origin in cancer; somatic mutation theory of cancer

Online: 26 July 2017 (08:42:41 CEST)

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All cancer registries constantly show striking differences in cancer incidence by age and among tissues. For example, lung cancer is diagnosed hundreds of times more often at age 70 than at age 20, and this cancer in nonsmokers occurs thousands of times more frequently than heart cancer in smokers. An analysis of these differences using basic concepts in cell biology indicates that cancer is the end-result of the accumulation of cell divisions in stem cells. In other words, the main determinant of carcinogenesis is the number of cell divisions that the DNA of a stem cell has accumulated in any type of cell from the zygote. Cell division, process by which a cell copies and separates its cellular components to finally split into two cells, is necessary to produce the large number of cells required for living. However, cell division can lead to a variety of cancer-promoting errors, such as mutations occurring during DNA replication, chromosome aberrations arising during mitosis, errors in the distribution of cell-fate determinants between the daughter cells, and failures to restore physical interactions with other tissue components. Some of these errors are spontaneous, others are promoted by endogenous DNA damage occurring during quiescence, and others are influenced by pathological and environmental factors. The cell divisions required for carcinogenesis are primarily caused by multiple local and systemic physiological signals rather than by errors in the DNA of the cells. As carcinogenesis progresses, the accumulation of DNA errors promotes cell division and eventually triggers cell division under permissive extracellular environments. The accumulation of cell divisions in stem cells drives not only the accumulation of the DNA alterations required for carcinogenesis, but also the formation and growth of the abnormal cell populations that characterize the disease. This model of carcinogenesis provides a new framework for understanding the disease and has important implications for cancer prevention and therapy.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0162.v1

Evaluation of the Effects of Airborne Particulate Matter on Bone Marrow-Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs): Cellular, Molecular and Systems Biological Approaches

Muhammad Abu-Elmagd, Mansour A Alghamdi, Magdy Shamy, Mamdouh I Khoder, Max Costa, Mourad Assidi, Roaa Kadam, Haneen Alsehli, Mamdooh Gari, Peter Natesan Pushparaj, Gauthaman Kalamegam, Mohammed Al-Qahtani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Particulate matter; BM-MSCs; cell proliferation; cell death; qRT-PCR; IPA

Online: 20 March 2017 (16:33:56 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0256.v1

Cell Types, Morphology and Evolution of Animal Excretory Organs

Carmen Andrikou, Ludwik Gąsiorowski, Andreas Hejnol

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: cell types; nephridia; excretion; ultrafiltration; development

Online: 21 June 2020 (10:47:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0119.v1

Lp16-PSP, A Member of YjgF/YER057c/UK114 Protein Family Induces Apoptosis and p21WAF1/CIP1 Mediated G1 Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) HL-60 Cells

Thomson Patrick Joseph, Warren Chanda, Abdullah Faqeer Mohammad, Sadia Kanwal, Samana Batool, MeiShan Zhang, MinTao Zhong, Min Huang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: lentinula edodes; Lp16-PSP; acute promyeloid leukemia; extrinsic and lntrinsic apoptotic pathway; G1 phase cell cycle arrest

Online: 25 September 2017 (08:53:12 CEST)

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