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Working Paper ARTICLE

Lung Damage Mechanisms For COVID-19 and Other Lung Infections, and Driving Force in Leukecyte Recruitment and Migration

Jianqing Wu, Ping Zha

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19; lung damage mechanisms; leukecyte recruitment; viral infection; immune response; temperature and humidity; interstitial pressure change

Online: 9 September 2020 (11:32:55 CEST)

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To understand lung damage caused by COVID-19, we deduced two-phase lung damage mechanisms. After the lungs are infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus, the affected lung tissue swells and surface properties of pulmonary capillaries change, resulting in an increased flow resistance of affected capillaries. If a sufficient number of capillaries are affected by the infection, the swelling and increased cell wall adhesion collectively raise pulmonary vascular resistance. The increased vascular resistance further increases the dwell times of WBCs in affected capillaries and nearly capillaries. When pulmonary pressure is sufficiently higher, WBCs are forced to squeeze into interstitial spaces or alveolar spaces when local pressures are higher than what the capillaries can withstand. When more and more WBCs are dynamically retained, the flow resistance of more capillaries rises, pulmonary vascular resistance rises, and pulmonary pressure rises. The rise in the pulmonary pressure in turn results in elevated capillary pressures. When capillary pressures around the alveoli are sufficiently high, they cause interstitial pressures to change from normally negative values to positive values. The positive pressures cause fluid leakage to the alveolar space and thus degrade lung function. Tissue swelling, and occupation of WBCs in interstitial spaces and alveolar spaces further reduce compressible volume, and thus cause further rise in the pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary pressure. When the pulmonary pressure has reached a critical point as in the second phase, the blood breaks capillary walls and squeezes through interstitial spaces to reach alveolar spaces, resulting in irreversible lung damages. The available free volume in the thorax cage, organ usable capacities, temperature and humid are expected to have great impacts on degree of lung damages. The free volume in the thorax cage, lung usable surplus capacity, and other organ usable capacities determine the arrival time of last-phase irreversible damage. The mechanisms imply that the top priority for protecting lungs is maintaining pulmonary micro-circulation and preserving organ functions in the entire disease course while controlling viral reproduction should be stressed in the earliest time possible. The mechanisms also explain leukecytes are recruited and migrated into inflamed tissues by increasing their dwell times caused by increased local flow resistance.

Working Paper REVIEW

Efforts to Identify and Combat Antimicrobial Resistance in Uganda: A Systematic Review

Kivumbi Mark Tefero, Claire J Standley

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; antimicrobial stewardship; antiviral resistance; antibacterial resistance; antimalarial resistance; antifungal resistance; One Health; Uganda

Online: 14 April 2021 (12:57:40 CEST)

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The global burden of antimicrobial resistance is on the rise, resulting in higher morbidity and mortality in our communities. The spread of antimicrobial resistance in the environment and development of resistant microbes is a challenge to the control of antimicrobial resistance. Approaches, such as antimicrobial stewardship programmes, and enhanced surveillance, have been devised to curb its spread. However, particularly in lower- and middle-income countries, the overall extent of antimicrobial resistance, and knowledge on on-going surveillance, stewardship or investigation efforts, re often poorly understood. This study aimed to look at the efforts that have been undertaken to combat antimicrobial resistance in Uganda as a means of establishing an overview of the situation, to help inform future decisions. We conducted a systematic literature review of the PubMed database to assess the efforts that have been done in Uganda to investigate and combat antimicrobial resistance. A search combining keywords associated with antimicrobial resistance were used to look up relevant studies between 1995 and 2020 on surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Uganda, and susceptibility of microbes to different drugs. The search yielded 430 records, 163 of which met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The studies were categorized according to country and region, the type of antimicrobial resistance, context of the study, study design and outcome of the study. Antibacterial resistance and antimalarial resistance had the most published studies while antiviral and antifungal resistance each were represented by very few studies. Most studies were conducted in humans and hospital settings, with very few in veterinary and One Health contexts. The results from our work can inform public health policy on antimicrobial stewardship as it contributes to understanding the status of antimicrobial resistance surveillance in Uganda, and can also help to guide future research efforts. Notably, a One Health approach needs to be followed with re-spect to surveillance of antimicrobial resistance to better understand the mechanisms of resistance transfer across the human-animal–environment interface, including additional investigation in antiviral and antifungal resistance.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0064.v1

The Expression of RN7SL494P (7SL) Predicts Nodal Metastasis and Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Xiao Zhu, Yongmei Huang, Hui Luo, Ying Xu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: TCGA; lung adenocarcinoma; RN7SL494P; nodal metastasis; prognosis

Online: 5 March 2019 (12:27:55 CET)

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The metastasis of lung cancer can spread to the lymph nodes around the lungs. Metastasis, rather than the primary cancer, judges patients survival. Wherefore, a more detailed study on transcriptome of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma including primary carcinoma was carried out. LUAD RNA-seq data and the corresponding clinical information were available from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), which included 522 cases but only 515 cases have transcriptome data. Differential expression analyses between cases and controls, between primary cancer and metastasis subgroup, or between TNM stages, were respectively carried out using edgeR package. Then, the Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to verify the gradient changes of cancer metastasis or staging with the differential expression genes. The survival analyses were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier algorithm and log-rank test. The functional predictions for the differentially expressed genes were porformed with the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (GO/KEGG). Single gene set enrichment analysis (single GSEA) was run to explore the biological pathways associated with the expressions of RN7SL494P gene based on the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). 406 and 439 differentially expressed genes were identified respectively in lymph node metastasis or TNM stages. 112/296 intersection genes were associated with nodal metastasis and/or staging, among them only 25 genes were associated with the nodal metastasis, 13 genes were associated with the staging with gradient changes. Only one gene (RN7SL494P) was found to be associated with prognosis. But RN7SL494P was not found joining any biological functions or processes or cellular components with GO/KEGG analyses. Finally, single GSEA enrichment and pathway analyses showed that RN7SL494P might be involving in cancer development process and poor outcome in lung adenocarcinoma. These findings highlight the potential applications of RN7SL494P as a promising molecular predictor not only in nodal metastasis but prognosis evalution in lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1955.v1

Economic Challenges, One Health Concerns, and Other Contributing Causes of the World Egg Shortage

Gunjan K, Riya Mukherjee, Jasmina Vidic, Marisa Manzano, Elcio Leal, Saheem Ahmad, Amjad R. Alyahyawi, V. Samuel Raj, Ramendra Pandey, Chung-Ming Chang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Egg shortage; Poultry supply chain; Influenza; Economic crisis; One Health surveillance

Online: 29 May 2023 (03:59:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0187.v1

A Step Forward to Revolutionise IntrusionDetection System Using Deep Convolution Neural Network

Samir Bandyopadhyay, Ratul Chowdhury, Arindam Roy, Banani Saha

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Intrusion Detection System; NSL-KDD Dataset; One Hot Encoding; Information Gain; Convolution Neural Network

Online: 9 July 2020 (12:14:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0103.v1

Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Recursive Partitioning Analysis Class II / III Lung Cancer Patients with Brain Metastases in the Modern Treatment Era

In Bong Ha, Jin Ho Song, Bae Kwon Jeong, Hojin Jeong, Yun Hee Lee, Hoon Sik Choi, Ki Mun Kang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: lung cancer; brain metastase; prognostic factors; stereotactic radiosurgery

Online: 5 September 2018 (16:22:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0212.v1

One-tube RT-PCR for the Simultaneous Detection and Typing Duck Hepatitis A Virus Subtypes 1 and 3

Xueming Chen, Yuhuan Chen, Chunguo Liu, Xiaojun Li, Hongyu Liu, Xiaofei Bai, Ming Liu, Yun Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: DHAV-1; DHAV-3; Phylogenetic analysis; One-tube RT-PCR; Simultaneously

Online: 22 January 2019 (11:08:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0117.v1

Astragalus Polysaccharides (PG2) Enhances the M1 Polarization of Macrophages, Functional Maturation of Dendritic Cells, and T Cell-Mediated Anticancer Immune Responses in Patients with Lung Cancer

Oluwaseun Adebayo Bamodu, Kuang-Tai Kuo, Chun-Hua Wang, Wen-Chien Huang, Alexander T.H. Wu, Jo-Ting Tsai, Kang-Yun Lee, Chi-Tai Yeh, Liang-Shun Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Astragalus polysaccharide, PG2, cisplatin, macrophages, monocytes, M1/M2 polarization, immunotherapy, maintenance therapy,lung cancer, NSCLC

Online: 9 August 2019 (12:13:24 CEST)

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Background: Recently we demonstrated that Astragalus polysaccharide (PG2), the active ingredient in dried roots of astragalus membranaceus, ameliorates cancer symptom clusters and improve quality of life (QoL) in patients with metastatic disease by modulating inflammatory cascade, against the background that inflammatory cells including macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in tumor initiation, metastasis, and progression. Nevertheless, the role of PG2 in the modulation of anticancer immunogenicity and therapeutic response remains relatively underexplored and unclear. Purpose: The present study investigates how and to what extent PG2 modulates cellular and biochemical components of the inflammatory cascade, enhance anticancer immunity, and the therapeutic implication of same in patients with lung cancer. Methods and Results: Herein, we demonstrated that PG2 significantly increased the M1/M2 macrophage polarization ratio in non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) H441 and H1299 cells. This PG2-induced preferential pharmacologic up-regulation of tumoral M1 population in vitro, positively correlated with the downregulation of tumor-promoting IL-6 and IL-10 expression in NSCLC cell-conditioned medium, with concomitant marked inhibition of cell proliferation, clonogenicity and tumorsphere formation. Our ex vivo results, using clinical sample from our NSCLC cohort, demonstrated that PG2 also promoted the functional maturation of DCs with consequent enhancement of T cell-mediated anticancer immune responses. Consistent with the in vitro and ex vivo results, our in vivo studies showed that mice treated with PG2 exhibited significant time-dependent depletion of the tumor-associated M2 population, synergistically enhanced the anti-M2-based anticancer effect of cisplatin, and inhibition of xenograft tumor growth in the NSCLC mice models. Moreover, in the presence of PG2, cisplatin-associated dyscresia and weight-loss was markedly suppressed. Conclusion: These results do indicate a therapeutically-relevant role for PG2 in modulating the M1/M2 macrophage pool, facilitating DC maturation, and synergistically enhancing the anticancer effect of conventional chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin; thus laying the foundation for further exploration of the curative relevance of PG2 as surrogate immunotherapy and/or clinical feasibility of its use for maintenance therapy in patients with lung cancer.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0427.v1

Cellular Senescence: Pathogenic Mechanisms in Lung Fibrosis

Tanyalak Parimon, Miriam Hohmann, Changfu Yao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Cellular senescence; Lung fibrosis; Pathogenesis

Online: 19 May 2021 (07:35:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0081.v1

Identification of Biomarkers and Enriched Pathways Involved in Lung Cancer

Nikita Singh, Mukesh Kumar, Atanu Bhattacharjee, Prashant Kumar Sonker, Agni Saroj

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Lung cancer; biomarker; gene ontology; protein-protein interaction networks; survival analysis

Online: 5 May 2020 (12:28:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0033.v1

The Influence Dose of Nicotine Exposure on H520 Smoking-related Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Cell Growth and Toxicity

Jia-Ping Wu, Ching-Yi Peng

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Nicotine; carcinogenesis; growth; toxicity; Carcinoma; Non-Small-Cell Lung

Online: 4 June 2020 (12:14:49 CEST)

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Nicotine exposure may affect NSCLC is associated with lung cancer in humans. Whether nicotine exhibits carcinogenesis promoted activities in tumor growth still unknown. Nicotine is known to have dichotomous effects on cancer biology, acting like a pro- or anti-carcinogenesis agent. There are different functions between adenocarcinoma and squamous NSCLC cancer cells. Excess generation of nicotine may inhibit mitochondrial metabolism, protein modification, and DNA cleavage. Materials and Methods: We used the H520 NSCLC line obtained from human lung epithelial cells to detected nicotine growth and toxicity using MTT assay and western blotting. The concentration of nicotine stimulated cell growth to correspond to low concentration, while high concentration was cytotoxic. Results: According to MTT assay results, at 1.0 μM nicotine has significantly enhanced the H520 cell viability (%). Nicotine induced lung cancer carcinogenesis through mechanisms of α7nAchR, EGFR, HDAC2/4/5, Cyclin D/Cyclin E, Bcl-2, p-Akt, and inflammatory proteins of NF-KappaB and COX2 increases at 1.0 μM. Apoptosis proteins were decreases at 1.0 μM nicotine by p21, p27, c-jun, and p38α using western blotting. Nicotine stimulates tumor growth is mediated through α7nicotinic-acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChR), possibly involving inflammation. On the other hand, at high nicotine concentrations (> 1.0 μM) with consistent cytotoxic effects and appeared to be due to direct cell kill. Nicotine can prevent apoptosis induced by NSCLC. Conclusion: Therefore, the effects on chemotherapeutics by NSCLC malignant cell lines, nicotine in concentrations as low as 1.0 μM decreased. These mechanisms are responsible for the genotoxic effects caused by nicotine. This leads to downstream effects on decreased apoptosis, increased cell proliferation and transformation. The malignant NSCLC cells respond to the treatment with nicotine in lung cancer, the nicotine-mediated induction of growth may provide one of its links to α7nAchR or EGFR.

Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0229.v1

Low-dose Whole-lung Irradiation for COVID-19 Pneumonia: What is the Optimal Dose? Final Results of a Pilot Study

Ahmad Ameri, Pooya Ameri, Nazanin Rahnama, Majid Mokhtari, Meghdad Sedaghat, Fahimeh Hadavand, Rama Bozorgmehr, Mehrdad Haghighi, Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; pneumonia; low-dose whole-lung irradiation; SpO2

Online: 10 September 2020 (08:36:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0732.v1

Patient-Ventilator Interaction Testing Using the Electro- mechanical Lung Simulator xPULM™during V/A-C and PSV Ventilation Mode

Richard Pasteka, Joao Pedro Santos da Costa, Nelson Barros, Radim Kolar, Mathias Forjan

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: biomedical engineering; breathing simulation; electro-mechanical lung simulator, patient-ventilator interactions; rapidly manufactured ventilator systems testing

Online: 30 March 2021 (11:34:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0204.v1

Getting out of Crises: Environmental, Social-ecological and Evolutionary Research Needed to Avoid Future Risks of Pandemics

Delphine Destoumieux-Garzon, Franziska Matthies-Wiesler, Nicolas Bierne, Aurélie Binot, Jérôme Boissier, Anais Devouge, Jeanne Garric, Kim Gruetzmacher, Christoph Grunau, Jean-François Guégan, Sylvie Hurtrez-Boussès, Anke Huss, Serge Morand, Clare Palmer, Denis Sarigiannis, Roel Vermeulen, Robert Barouki

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: One Health; Planetary Health; Pandemics; Ecology; Evolution; Environment; Climate change; Biodiversity loss; Emergence; Pathogen

Online: 8 June 2021 (09:34:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0164.v1

An Anti-Noise Fault Diagnosis Method of Bearing based on Multi-Scale 1DCNN

Jie Cao, Zhidong He, Jinhua Wang, Ping Yu

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: intelligent fault diagnosis; bearing; anti-noise; one-dimensional convolution neural network

Online: 6 August 2020 (11:42:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0073.v1

Genetics and Genomics of Pediatric Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Carrie L. Welch, Wendy K. Chung

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: genomics; pediatrics; lung disease; pulmonary arterial hypertension

Online: 3 September 2020 (15:29:36 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

A Generalizable One Health Framework for the Control of Zoonotic Diseases

Ria Ghai, Ryan Wallace, James Kile, Trevor Shoemaker, Antonio Vieira, Maria Negron, Sean Shadomy, Julie Sinclair, Grace Goryoka, Stephanie Salyer, Casey Barton Behravesh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: One Health; zoonotic disease; zoonotic disease control; anthrax; brucellosis; rabies; rift valley fever; zoonotic influenza

Online: 24 September 2021 (14:19:16 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0437.v1

Current Status of Glucocorticoid Usage in Solid Organ Transplantation

Simin Dashti-Khavidaki, Reza Saidi, Hong Lu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Corticosteroids; Glucocorticoids; Solid organ transplantation; Liver; Kidney; Heart; Lung

Online: 16 June 2021 (10:30:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0162.v1

Relationship between Environmental Factors and Cancer: A Systematic Review on Environmental Carcinogens and Lung Cancer

Sameer Quazi, Javid Malik

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Environmental Pollution; Airborne Carcinogens; Lung Cancer;

Online: 11 February 2022 (12:23:22 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0450.v1

Replacement Strategies for Animal Studies in Inhalation Testing

Eleonore Fröhlich

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: 3Rs; replacement of animals; inhalation; in vitro; animal models; species differences; lung morphology; rodents; aerosol exposure

Online: 19 May 2021 (14:30:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0121.v1

Method of Accounting for Higher Harmonics in the Calculation of the Electronic Structure of the States of a Linear Molecule Excited by High-Intensity X-Rays

Anton Kasprzhitskii, Georgy Lazorenko, Victor Yavna

Subject: Physical Sciences, Atomic And Molecular Physics Keywords: one-center method, molecular orbital, higher harmonics, excited state, ionized state, linear molecule, hydrogen fluoride, lithium monofluoride, boron monofluoride

Online: 11 December 2018 (09:37:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0520.v1

Distinct Exosomal miRNA Profiles from BALF and Lung Tissue from COPD and IPF Patients

Gagandeep Kaur, Krishna Maremanda, Michael Campos, Hitendra Singh Chand, Feng Li, Nikhil Hirani, M A Haseeb, Irfan Rahman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Exosomes; COPD; smokers; IPF; BALF; lung

Online: 27 August 2021 (11:33:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0736.v1

Non-Invasive Evaluation of Acute Effects of Tubulin Binding Agents: A Review of Imaging Vascular Disruption in Tumors

li Liu, Devin O’Kelly, Regan Schuetze, Graham Carlson, Heling Zhou, Mary Lynn Trawick, Kevin G Pinney, Ralph P. Peter Mason

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: imaging; bioluminescence; photoacoustics; magnetic resonance imaging; vascular disrupting agents; inhib-itors of tubulin polymerization; breast cancer; kidney cancer; lung cancer; combretastatins; predictive imaging

Online: 30 March 2021 (12:54:26 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0220.v1

Tuberculosis Following PD-1 Inhibitor in A Patient with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer; A Case Report & Literature Review

Nabil Omar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: checkpoint inhibitors; tuberculosis; non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); Anti-PD-1; toxicity management; immunotherapy; pembrolizumab

Online: 13 May 2020 (04:38:50 CEST)

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) – anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) and their ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) have become widely used in the treatment of several malignancies. Many immune-related adverse events have been linked to these agents. However, tuberculosis (TB) reactivation during their use is increasingly reported. Herein, we present a 58-year-old lady with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ALK-negative, EGFR wild, and PD-L1 Immune histochemistry (IHC) strongly positive in 95% of tumor cells. The patient presented with high-grade fever and a history of productive cough for a 1-week duration. A few days later, she was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis following the 6th cycle of Pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody. AFB smear and TB PCR from BAL were positive (rifampin resistance not detected), and she was accordingly started on Anti-TB medications. Immunotherapy was held. Of note, the patient had a history of sick contact with a patient with active TB infection ten years ago, but there was no documentation of latent TB or previous TB infection. Her HIV status is negative. Her sputum AFB smear continued to be positive after four weeks of anti-TB medications. Later, the patient was discharged after her sputum was cleared from AFB (negative x 2 sets). We assumed that our patient developed reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis secondary to an immune checkpoint inhibitor (Pembrolizumab). She was not re-challenged with Pembrolizumab following TB diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case from the Arab and the Middle East; it reinforces the previous observations of the association between ICIs administration and the development of MTB. Nevertheless, further studies in the clinical setting are necessary to establish the exact mechanism involved in this association. Oncologists' awareness & prompt recognition of this potential hazardous consequence are essential. Since there is no clear evidence whether LTBT prior PD-1/PD targeted immunotherapy is required, targeted LTBT before starting ICIs immunotherapy with TB chemoprophylaxis; yet to be explored, particularly in the regions where the MTB prevalence is high.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0181.v1

One Health Approach for combating Antimicrobial Resistance in Animals

Chung-Ming Chang, Ramendra Pati Pandey, Riya Mukherjee

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: One Health Strategies; Antimicrobial Resistance; Salmonella isolates; Poultry Farms, Turkey Poults

Online: 12 January 2022 (18:12:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0264.v1

Pricing to the Scenario: Price-Setting Newsvendor Models for Innovative Products

Xiuyan Ma

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: price-setting newsvendor, one-shot decision theory, innovative product, scenario, behavioral operations research

Online: 26 August 2019 (12:30:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0091.v1

Ambient Air Pollution and Cigarette Smoking: Co-Drivers of Increased Burden of Lung Cancer in Europe

Maybin Kalubula, Heqing Shen, Longjian Liu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: lung cancer; Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5); secondhand smoking; cigarette smoking

Online: 10 January 2020 (04:59:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0150.v1

Dual-Channel Microarray Sensor System for Lung Cancer-Related Volatile Organic Compounds Identification in Exhaled Breath

Yonghong Xu, Jihong Jiang, Huimin Bu, Pengcheng Zhu, Jiebang Jiang, Yejiao Wu, Rongpeng Li

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: dual-channel sensor; efficient capture; lung cancer biomarker; lung cancer screening

Online: 10 July 2019 (11:37:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0077.v1

Knockdown of CENPF Inhibits the Progression of Lung Adenocarcinoma Mediated by ERβ2/5 Pathway

Hexiao Tang, Yuquan Bai, Lecai Xiong, Yanhong Wei, Weidong Hu, Ming Xu, Xuefeng Zhou, Gaofeng Pan, Li Zhang, Minglin Zhu, Zheng Tang, Zetian Yang, Xiao Zhou, Yi Cai, Michael Lanuti, Jinping Zhao

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: centromere protein F (CENPF); Estrogen Receptor beta; Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD); WGCNA package; non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

Online: 5 May 2020 (12:08:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0478.v1

Multiple Chemotherapy-Based Combination Therapy Strategies for Advanced Lung Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Lecai Xiong, Yuquan Bai, Xuefeng Zhou, Ming Xu, Gaofeng Pan, Jinping Zhao, Hexiao Tang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: advanced lung cancer; network-meta analysis; combination therapy; chemotherapy

Online: 31 May 2020 (16:11:51 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0103.v1

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Was Found in Lymph Nodes Station 2 Dissected during Lung Adenocarcinoma Surgery

Yi Cai, Lecai Xiong, Xiao Zhou, Jingyu Huang, Xuefeng Zhou, Ming Xu, Weidong Hu, Hexiao Tang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: lung adenocarcinoma; papillary thyroid carcinoma; mediastinal lymph nodes; lymphadenectomy

Online: 7 May 2020 (02:30:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0118.v1

SARS-CoV-2-Infection (COVID-19): Clinical Course and Cause(s) of Death

Giuliano Ramadori

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2-infection; dehydration; hypoalbuminemia; pulmonary hypoxia; hyaline memrane; pulmonary engorgement; lung weight; acute respiratory distress syndrome; diffuse alveolar damage (DAD)

Online: 13 April 2022 (08:27:30 CEST)

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ABSTRACT Two years after first patients approached the emergency rooms of hospitals in Wuhan becouse of respiratory distress,thousend of SARS-CoV-2 infected persons continue to die every day worldwide.SARS-CoV-2-infected patients undergo a process of dehydration and malnutrition before they develop respiratory problems and approach the emergency room of a hospital.This is,in many cases, the consequence of high fever which causes massive loss of fluids. In addition loss of appetite, is responsible for the deficit of protein intake.Most of the virus-infected patients admitted to the emergency room are therefore hypovolemic and hypoproteinemic and suffer of respiratory distress accompanied by ground grass opacities at CT-scan of the lungs.Critically ill patients are treated following the guidelines for treatment of septic shock but with „conservative“ fluid replacement and administration of diuretics to assure sufficient hourly urine production. The combination of conservative fluid administration with reduced protein content in the enterally administered diet, together with administration of diuretics, has severe hemodynamic consequenses in mostly aged,dehydrated,critically ill patients. Many of them will develop acute kidney injury in the next 24 hours.In most of the cases, patients continue to loose weight by loosing skeletal muscle mass. Ischemic damage in the lung capillaries is responsible for the acute respiratory distreass syndrome (ARDS) and for the hallmark of autoptic findings,diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) characterized by hyaline membrane formation,fluid invasion of the alveoli recruitment of some inflammatory cells and progressive arrest of blood flow in the pulmonary vessels.The consequence is progressive congestion , increase of lung weight and progressive hypoxia (progressive severity of ARDS).Sequestration of blood in the lungs worsen hypovolemia and ischemia in different organs.This is most probably responsible for recruitment of inflammatory cells and for persistance of elevated serum levels of positive acute-phase markers and of hypoalbuminemia. Autoptic studies have been performed mostly in patients who died in the ICU after SARS-CoV-2-infection because of progessive ARDS.In those patients, tubulus epithelium necrosis in the kidney is a frequent finding as it has been the case in the first SARS-CoV-1 pandemic.In the death certification charts, many times weeks after first symptoms have started ,cardiac arrest is the cause of death after respitatory insufficiency.Replacement therapy with sufficient amount of fluid and albumin should be part of the early individualized life-saving supportive measures avoiding mechanical ventilation.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0524.v1

Exosomal Hsp70 in Liquid Biopsies - A Biomarker for Prediction and Response Monitoring in Cancer

Caroline Werner, Stefan Stangl, Lukas Salvermoser, Melissa Schwab, Maxim Shevstov, Alexia Xanthopoulos, Fei Wang, Daniel Medenwald, Martin Windberg, Matthias Bache, Martin Schlapschy, Arne Skerra, Gabriele Multhoff

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Hsp70; sandwich ELISA; liquid biopsy; tumor biomarker; exosomes; prediction; response monitoring; non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC); glioblastoma

Online: 21 May 2021 (15:06:37 CEST)

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In contrast to normal cells, tumor cells of multiple entities overexpress the Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) not only in the cytosol, but also present it on their plasma membrane in a tumor-specific manner. Furthermore, membrane-Hsp70 positive tumor cells actively release Hsp70 into lipid microvesicles termed exosomes into the blood. Due to conformational changes of Hsp70 in the lipid environment, most commercially available antibodies fail to detect membrane-bound and exosomal Hsp70. To fill this gap and to assess the role of exosomal Hsp70 in the circulation as a potential tumor biomarker, we established the novel complete Hsp70 (compHsp70) sandwich ELISA using two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that are able to recognize both, free and lipid-associated Hsp70 on the cell surface of viable tumor cells and exosomes. The epitopes of the mAbs cmHsp70.1 (aa 451-461) and cmHsp70.2 (aa 614-623) that are conserved among different species reside in the substrate-binding domain of Hsp70, with measured affinities of 0.42 nM and 0.44 nM, respectively. Validation of the compHsp70 ELISA revealed a high intra- and inter-assay precision, linearity in a concentration range of 1.56 to 25 ng/ml, high recovery rates of ‘spiked’ liposomal Hsp70 (>84%), comparable values between human serum and plasma samples, and no interference by food intake or age of the donors. Hsp70 concentrations in the circulation of patients with glioblastoma, squamous cell or adeno non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) at diagnosis were significantly higher than those of healthy volunteers. Hsp70 concentrations dropped concomitantly with the decrease in viable tumor mass on irradiation of patients with approximately 20 Gy (range 18 – 22.5 Gy) or after completion of radiotherapy (60 - 70 Gy). In summary, the compHsp70 ELISA presented herein provides a highly sensitive and reliable tool for measuring free and exosomal Hsp70 in liquid biopsies of tumor patients, levels of which can be used as a predictive tumor-specific biomarker, risk assessment and for monitoring therapeutic outcome.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0109.v1

Insight into the Role and Regulation of Gap Junction Genes in Lung Cancer and Identification of Nuclear Cx43 as a Putative Biomarker of Poor Prognosis

Trond Aasen, Irene Sansano, Maria Ángeles Montero, Cleofé Romagosa, Jordi Temprana-Salvador, Alexandre Martínez-Marti, Teresa Moliné, Javier Hernández-Losa, Santiago Ramón y Cajal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: connexins; Cx43; gap junctions; lung cancer; immunohistochemistry; prognosis; nuclear

Online: 13 February 2019 (10:30:49 CET)

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Direct intercellular communication, mediated by gap junctions formed by the connexin transmembrane protein family, is frequently dysregulated in cancer. Connexins have been described as tumour suppressors, but emerging evidence suggests that they can also act as tumour promoters. This feature is connexin- and tissue-specific and may be mediated by complex signalling pathways through gap junctions or hemichannels or by completely junction-independent events. Lung cancer is the number one cancer in terms of mortality worldwide, and novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Our objective was to gain a better understanding of connexins in this setting. We used several in silico tools to analyse TCGA data in order to compare connexin mRNA expression between healthy lung tissue and lung tumours and correlated these results with gene methylation patterns. Using Kaplan-Meier plotter tools, we analysed a microarray dataset and an RNA-seq dataset of non-small cell lung tumours in order to correlate connexin expression with patient prognosis. We found that connexin mRNA expression is frequently either upregulated or downregulated in lung tumours. This correlated with both good and poor prognosis (overall survival) in a clear connexin isoform-dependent manner. These associations were strongly influenced by the histological subtype (adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma). We present an overview of all connexins but particularly focus on four isoforms implicated in lung cancer: Cx26, Cx30.3, Cx32 and Cx43. We further analysed the protein expression and localization of Cx43 in a series of 72 human lung tumours. We identified a subset of tumours that exhibited a unique strong nuclear Cx43 expression pattern that predicted worse overall survival (p=0.014). Upon sub-stratification, the prognostic value remained highly significant in the adenocarcinoma subtype (p=0.002) but not in the squamous carcinoma subtype (p=0.578). This finding highlights the importance of analysis of connexin expression at the protein level, particularly the subcellular localization. Elucidation of the underlying pathways regulating Cx43 localization may provide for novel therapeutic opportunities.

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0173.v1

Molecular Characterization of a Long Term Survivor Double Metastatic Non Small Sell Lung Cancer and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Treated with Gefitinib in Combination with Gemcitabine Plus Nab-Paclitaxel and mFOLFOX6 as First and Second Line Therapy

Oronzo Brunetti, Giuseppe Badalamenti, Simona De Summa, Angela Calabrese, Antonella Argentiero, Livia Fucci, Vito Longo, Pia Perrotti, Rosamaria Pinto, Daniela Petriella, Katia Danza, Stefania Tommasi, Francesco Leonetti, Nicola Silvestris

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; non small cell lung cancer; double primary cancers; B7-H3; gefitinib; chemotherapy

Online: 14 May 2019 (13:04:44 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Patterns in 326 Persons With COPD Before Starting a Pulmonary Rehabilitation: A Cluster Analysis

Wolfgang Geidl, Johannes Carl, Samuel Cassar, Eriselda Mino, Nicola Lehbert, Michael Wittmann, Rupert Wagner, Konrad Schultz, Klaus Pfeifer

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; exercise; motor activity; lung diseases; classificatory approach; sitting

Online: 21 August 2019 (09:59:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0197.v1

Positive Association between the Use of Quinolones in Food Animals and the Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in E. Coli and K. Pneumoniae, A. Baumanii and P. Aeruginosa: A Global Ecological Analysis

Chris Kenyon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: One-health; food-animals; E. coli; K. pneumoniae; Acinetobacter; P. aeruginosa; fluoroquinolones; antimicrobial resistance; antibiotic consumption

Online: 13 September 2021 (09:55:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0254.v1

Scoping Review of National Antimicrobial Stewardship Activities in Eight African Countries and Adaptable Recommendations

Nduta Kamere, Sandra Tafadzwa Garwe, Oluwatosin Olugbenga Akinwotu, Chloe Zabrina Tuck, Eva M. Krockow, Sara Yadav, Agbaje Ganiyu Olawale, Ayobami Hassan Diyaolu, Derick Munkombwe, Eric Muringu, Eva Prosper Muro, Felix Kaminyoghe, Hameedat Taiye Ayotunde, Love Omoniyei, Mashood Oluku Lawal, Shuwary Hughric Adekule Barlatt, Tumaini J. Makole, Winnie Nambatya, Yvonne Esseku, Victoria Rutter, Diane Ashiru-Oredope

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: Antibiotic Resistance; CwPAMS; National Action Plans; Pharmacy; One Health

Online: 18 July 2022 (09:03:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0111.v1

Salmonella Surveillance Systems in Swine and Humans in Spain: A Review

Marta Martínez-Avilés, Macarena Garrido-Estepa, Julio Álvarez, Ana de la Torre

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: Zoonoses, food-borne, disease control, public health, domestic livestock, pigs, One health

Online: 11 January 2019 (10:59:03 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0376.v1

Monkeypox: Re-emerging Infectious Disease and One Health Strategy

Cheryl Ann Ann Alexander, Lidong Wang

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: monkeypox; One Health; Big Data analytics; deep learning; blockchain; cybersecurity; vaccine; sexually transmitted diseases; HIV

Online: 6 May 2023 (04:50:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0260.v1

The Potential Role and Regulatory Mechanisms of MUC5AC in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Jingyuan Li, Zuguang Ye

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: COPD; muco-obstructive lung diseases; airway mucus hypersecretion; MUC5AC; cell differentiation

Online: 11 August 2020 (09:20:57 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0169.v2

A Rare Pediatric Case of Severe Bird Fancier's Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Presented with Viral Pneumonitis-Like Picture

Basel Habra, Atqah AbdulWahab

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: bird fancier’s lung (BFL); hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP); child; pulse steroid

Online: 11 October 2018 (05:08:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0129.v1

Diagnostic Value of the Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Tumor-Derived Endothelial Cells Detection for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Jianzhu Xie, Zheng Ruan, Jian Zheng, Yanping Gong, Yulan Wang, Binjie Hu, Jin Cheng, Qian Huang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Non-small cell lung cancer; Circulating tumor cells; Circulating tumor-derived endothelial cells; Biomarkers; SE-iFISH

Online: 6 January 2021 (15:32:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0252.v1

RIP1 is Novel Component of γ-Ionizing Radiation-Induced Invasion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells

Jeong Hyun Cho, A-Ram Kang, Na-Gyeong Lee, Jie-Young Song, Sang-Gu Hwang, Dae-Hee Lee, Hong-Duck Um, Jong Kuk Park

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: signal transduction; γ-ionizing radiation; cancer invasion; non-small cell lung cancer; epithelial-mesenchymal transition; tumor microenvironment

Online: 22 January 2020 (03:04:00 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0688.v1

Pulmonary Embolism Related to COVID 19 Quarentine

Eduardo Quinteros, Juan Bisonni

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: lung disease; pulmonary embolis; circulating anticoagulant

Online: 31 August 2020 (03:26:55 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0056.v1

The Current Status of Cigarette Smoking and Air Pollution Associated Lung Cancer

Fayang Ma

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: lung cancer; cigarette smoking; air pollution; epidemiology; etiology

Online: 6 June 2022 (03:51:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0477.v1

Discovery of Eriodictyol as Putative Exportin-1 Inhibitor for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy

Temidayo Olamide Adigun, Ireoluwa Yinka Joel, Olukayode Olusola Bankole, George Oche Ambrose, Oluwatobi Ayodeji Medayedupin, Oluwatobi Cynthia Omoyeni, Adebimpe Ayomide Agunlejika, Ugochukwu Okechukwu Ozojiofor, Adedayo Pius Omoniyi, Idowu Yetunde Fakolujo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Exportin-1; Eriodictyol; Juglans mandshurica; Non-small cell lung cancer

Online: 23 October 2020 (10:19:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0080.v1

The Shelter Dog in a One Health View. A Model Kennel in Southern Italy

Danila D’Angelo, Luigi Sacchettino, Angelo Quaranta, Michele Visone, Luigi Avallone, Claudia Gatta, Francesco Napolitano

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: One Health; shelter dog; dog adoption; dog well-being; dog behavior

Online: 6 May 2022 (13:55:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0080.v1

Oxidative Stress as a Mediator of the Immunomodulation Exerted by Monoclonal Antibodies in the Treatment of Lung Cancer in Mice

Jun Tang, Daniel Ramis-Cabrer, Xuejie Wang, Esther Barreiro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: experimental lung cancer; immunomodulators; oxidative stress; autophagy; tumor growth; sirtuin-1

Online: 10 June 2019 (16:12:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0583.v1

Insights Into the Roles of the Sideroflexins / SLC56 Family in Iron Homeostasis and Iron-Sulfur Biogenesis

Nesrine Tifoun, José M. De las Heras, Arnaud Guillaume, Sylvina Bouleau, Bernard Mignotte, Nathalie Le Floch

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: sideroflexin; mitochondria; mitochondrial transporters; iron homeostasis; iron-sulfur cluster; heme biosynthesis; one-carbon metabolism; ferroptosis; ferritinophagy.

Online: 23 December 2020 (10:40:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0234.v1

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System Mapping in Different Countries

Ramendra Pati Pandey, Riya Mukherjee, Chung-Ming Chang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: AMR, Surveillance; One Health Approach; Alternative Antibiotics; Comparative Medicine; Phage Therapy

Online: 17 January 2022 (14:46:22 CET)

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Antibiotics are in excessive use that has extensively increased antimicrobial resistance worldwide which has become the major public concern among the countries. To control this threat proper monitoring of the antimicrobial usage along with the increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is required. Further, surveillance of both the parameters is highly recommended for comparing the differences in distinct countries. Moreover, alternatives for antibiotics are also surveyed and are being researched for quick use in the near future. AMR is an issue that needs immense attention from various sectors. Thus, intervention of multisector is highly encouraged for better outcomes. One Health is one of the approaches that play a vital role in resolving this issue. In this research paper, six different European countries are discussed in terms of antimicrobial usage and AMR in the human and livestock sectors with the help of literature study and various reports published by different organizations. Data study has been conducted to collect the data for comparison study. Data sources of AMR and antimicrobial usage are analyzed and a thorough comparison of both antimicrobial use and AMR are conducted. Also, the application of One Health is studied for a balanced system. This article provides about various surveillance systems that are formed only to keep a track on the upcoming situation of AMR and the consumption of antimicrobials by the humans as well as animals. The article does not provide about all the details required to monitor the AMR issue but firmly allow the readers to get acknowledged with the broad information about the antimicrobial resistance across the six countries of Europe. The regular data collected by the different organizations play a vital role in monitoring the status of AMR and antimicrobial usage by humans and in live stocks. These annual reports have highly helped the government to decide for alternatives and have focused in many training activities to combat the AMR situation globally. AMR prevention is linked to the One Health concept. As antibiotic resistance genes persist on an interface between environment and animal and animal health, an approach is required in all three areas that stress the concept of 'One Approach to Health.'

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0068.v1

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy as First-Line Therapy for Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the United States

Qiao Liu, Xia Luo, Liubao Peng, Lidan Yi, Xiaomin Wan, Jianhe Li, Xiaohui Zeng, Chongqing Tan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: cost-effectiveness; pembrolizumab; etoposide-platinum; extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer; small cell lung cancer.

Online: 1 February 2021 (18:10:59 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0151.v1

Intestinal Schistosomiasis and Giardiasis Co-Infection in Sub-Saharan Africa: Can a One Health Approach Improve Control of Each Waterborne Parasite Simultaneously?

John Archer, Lisa O'Halloran, Hajri Al-Shehri, Shannan Summers, Tapan Bhattacharyya, Narcis Kabaterine, Aaron Atuhaire, Moses Adriko, Moses Arianaitwe, Martyn Stewart, James LaCourse, Bonnie Webster, Amaya Bustinduy, Russell Stothard

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Parasitology Keywords: One Health; Schistosoma mansoni; Giardia duodenalis; Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH); Uganda

Online: 8 July 2020 (11:32:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0181.v1

Pathology Outlines of Post-COVID-19 Pulmonary Fibrosis Comparative with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Roxana-Elena Cîrjaliu, Mariana Deacu, Ioana Gherghișan, Angela-Ștefania Marghescu, Manuela Enciu, Gabriela-Izabela Băltățescu, Antonela Anca Nicolau, Doina-Ecaterina Tofolean, Oana Cristina Arghir, Ariadna Petronela Fildan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: Covid-19; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; interstitial lung disease; pulmonary fibrosis

Online: 4 May 2023 (04:09:04 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0374.v1

Highly Virulent and Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia Coli Sequence Type 58 from a Sausage in Germany

Elias Eger, Marielle Domke, Stefan E. Heiden, Madeleine Paditz, Veronika Balau, Christiane Huxdorff, Dirk Zimmermann, Timo Homeier-Bachmann, Katharina Schaufler

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; CTX-M-1; Enterobactericeae,; Escherichia coli; extended-spectrum β-lactamase; food safety; IncI1; next-generation sequencing; One Health; virulence

Online: 28 June 2022 (04:18:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0049.v1

The Original Method of Deriving Transformations for Kinematics with a Universal Reference System

Roman Szostek

Subject: Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics Keywords: kinematics; universal frame of reference; coordinate and time transformation; one-way speed of light; summing speed; relative speed

Online: 5 August 2019 (05:20:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0453.v1

One Health Landscape in Sub-Saharan African Countries

Folorunso Oludayo Fasina, Olubunmi G. Fasanmi, Yilma J. Makonnen, Charles Bebay, Bernard Bett, Kristina Roesel

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: one health; Africa; public health; animal health; environment health; zoonosis; emerging and re-emerging diseases; food safety; antimicrobial resistance; toxicosis

Online: 19 September 2020 (10:05:32 CEST)

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An evaluation of emerging issues in One Health (OH) in Sub-Saharan Africa was undertaken to map the existing OH initiatives in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Desk review, expert opinions survey, limited interviews and wider consultations with selected OH stakeholders were conducted. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to OH initiatives were identified. OH influence, interest and impacts were evaluated. One Health is transiting from multidisciplinary to transdisciplinary concepts and OH viewpoint should move from ‘proxy for zoonoses’, to include issues of climate change, nutrition and food safety, social sciences, geography, policy and planning, economics, welfare and well-being, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), vector-borne diseases, toxicosis and pesticides issues. While the identified major strengths should be boosted, the weaknesses should be addressed.OH Networks in SSA were spatially and temporally spread across SSA and stakeholders were classified as key, latent, marginal and OH defenders. Imbalance in stakeholders’ representation led to hesitation in buying-in from stakeholders who are outside the main networks. Theory of change, monitoring and evaluation frameworks, and tools to standardized evaluation of OH policies is needed for sustained future of OH and the future OH engagement should be outputs and outcomes-driven and not activity-driven.National roadmap for OH implementation and institutionalization is necessary and proofs of concepts in OH should be verified and scaled-up. Dependence on external funding is unsustainable and must be addressed. Necessary policy and legal instrument to support OH nationally and sub-nationally should be implemented taking cognizance of contemporary issues like urbanization, endemic poverty and other emerging issues. Utilizing current technologies and OH approach to address ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 and other emerging diseases is desirable. Finally, OH implementation should be anticipatory and not reactive to significantly benefit budgeting and contain disease outbreaks in animal sources before the risk of spillover to human can be envisaged.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1616.v1

Harnessing Wastewater Surveillance to Detect Livestock-Linked Viruses

Warish Ahmed, Yawen Liu, Wendy Smith, Wayne Ingall, Michael Belby, Aaron Bivins, Paul Bertsch, David Williams, Kirsty Richards, Stuart Simpson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: wastewater surveillance; livestock; zoonotic pathogens; one health; animal epidemiology

Online: 25 September 2023 (04:58:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0575.v1

Feasibility Assessment of Wearable Respiratory Monitors for Ambulatory Inhalation Topography

Shehan Jayasekera, Edward Hensel, Risa Robinson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: wearable respiratory monitors; smart garment; lung volume; respiratory inductance plethysmography; chest expansion; inhalation topography

Online: 27 January 2021 (21:27:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0691.v1

Uganda Mountain Community Health System Perspectives and Capacities Towards Emerging Infectious Disease Surveillance

Aggrey Siya, Richardson Mafigiri, Richard Migisha, Rebekah C. Kading

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Alerts; Village Health Teams; Community Based Surveillance; Integrated Disease Surveillance and Reporting; Elgon; Climate Change; One Health

Online: 28 May 2021 (10:20:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0131.v1

Anomalous Diffusion With an Apparently Negative Diffusion Coefficient in a One-Dimensional Quantum Molecular Chain Model

Sho Nakade, Kazuki Kanki, Satoshi Tanaka, Tomio Petrosky

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: anomalous diffusion; one dimensional quantum system; irreversibility vs. reversibility

Online: 4 February 2021 (10:25:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0333.v1

Early Lung Cancer Prediction Using Neural Network with Cross-Validation

Samir Bandyopadhyay, Shawni Dutta

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Lung Cancer Prediction; Neural Network; Cross-validation; Gradient Boosting Classifier; Automated tool

Online: 28 June 2020 (09:56:30 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0492.v1

An Inherited Cancer Syndrome Due to a Germline Monoallelic EGFR Mutation with Loss of Heterozygosity in Lung and Breast Tumors

Hanifeh Mirtavoos-Mahyari, Farbod Bahreini, Hassan Vahidnezhad

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Adenocarcinoma of lung; Ductal carcinoma; Breast Neoplasms; ErbB receptors; Germ cells

Online: 29 September 2021 (11:41:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0518.v1

Study on the Preferred Application-Oriented Index for Mental Fatigue Detection

Tianhong Duan, Nong Zhang, Kaiway Li, Xuelin Hou, Jun Pei

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: mental fatigue; one-way ANOVA; digital decoding testing; relative fatigue index (RFI); Sensitivity ordering

Online: 26 September 2018 (14:42:02 CEST)

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Most of the research of mental fatigue evaluation mainly concentrated on some indexes that require sophisticate and large instruments which make the detection of mental fatigue cumbersome, time-consuming, and difficult to apply on a large scale. A quick and sensitive mental fatigue detection index is necessary so that mental workers can be alerted in time and take corresponding countermeasures. But to date, no studies have compared the sensitivity of common objective evaluation indexes. To solve these problems this study recruited 56 human subjects. These subjects were evaluated using six fatigue indexes: the Stanford sleepiness scale, digital span, digital decoding, short-term memory, critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF), and speed perception deviation. The results of fatigue tests before and after mental fatigue were compared, and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on the speed perception deviation. The result indicated the significance of this index. Considering individual differences, the relative fatigue index (RFI) was proposed to compare the sensitivity of the indexes. The results showed that when the self-rated fatigue grade changed from non-fatigue to mild fatigue, the ranges of RFI values for digital span, digital decoding, short-term memory and CFF were 0.175–0.258, 0.194–0.316, 0.068–0.139, and 0.055–0.075, respectively. Correspondingly, when the self-rated fatigue grade changed from non-fatigue to severe fatigue, the ranges of RFI values for the above indexes were 0.175–0.258, 0.194–0.316, 0.068–0.139, and 0.055–0.075, respectively. These results suggest that the sensitivity of the digital decoding, digital span, short-term memory, and CFF decreased sequentially when the self-evaluated fatigue grade changed from no fatigue to mild or severe fatigue. The RFI individuality of the speed perception deviation is highly variable and is not suitable as an evaluation index. In mental fatigue testing, digital decoding testing can provide faster, more convenient, and more accurate results.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0195.v2

Experimental Evaluation of Dry Powder Inhalers During In- and Exhalation Using a Model of the Human Respiratory System (xPULM™)

Richard Pasteka, Lara Schöllbauer, Joao Pedro Santos da Costa, Radim Kolar, Mathias Forjan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: airway model; DPI; inhalation; aerosol testing; drug delivery; porcine lung

Online: 22 December 2021 (12:09:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0323.v1

An ERA-Based Study of Built Environment Factors Affecting Lung Cancer Incidence Rate among Chinese Women

Hongjie Xie, Qiankun Wang, Yiping Yang, Xu Zhang, Peng zhang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: exploratory regression analysis; built environment; influencing factors; incidence rate for female lung cancer

Online: 20 May 2020 (09:06:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0077.v1

Cross-Sectional Study on the Knowledge About Pet Ownership, Zoonoses and Practices of Pet Owners in the North of Portugal

Beatriz Do Vale, Ana Patrícia Lopes, Maria Conceição Fontes, Mário Silvestre, Luís Cardoso, Ana Cláudia Coelho

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: Knowledge; One Health; Pet ownership; Pets; Portugal; Public Health; Zoonoses

Online: 3 November 2021 (09:21:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0465.v1

Type I Almost-Homogeneous Manifolds of Cohomogeneity One—IV

Zhuang-dan Guan, Pilar Orellana, Anthony Van

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Geometry And Topology Keywords: Kahler manifolds, Einstein metrics, Ricci curvature, ﬁbration, almost-homogeneous, cohomogeneity one, semisimple Lie group, Sasakian Einstein, Calabi-Yau metrics

Online: 19 November 2018 (12:04:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0292.v1

Comparative Study of Complex-Ratio-Measuring Circuits and Coaxial Probe in Diagnosis of Breast Tumors

Nadera Najib, Kok Yeow You, Mauricio Perez, Robin Augustine

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: six-port circuits; complex-ratio-measuring circuits; open-ended coaxial probe; breast tumors; RF reflectometer; relative complex permittivity; one-port calibration; graphical user interface

Online: 20 October 2021 (12:50:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0745.v1

Machine Learning-Based Pulse Wave Analysis for Early Detection of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Using In Silico Pulse Waves

Tianqi Wang, Weiwei Jin, Fuyou Liang, Jordi Alastruey

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: abdominal aortic aneurysm; pulse wave analysis; one-dimensional modelling; in silico pulse waves; machine learning; recurrent neural network; long short-term memory

Online: 30 March 2021 (14:05:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0167.v1

Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Cell Death and Inflammation

Rahul Sanwlani, Lahiru Gangoda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: extracellular vesicles; exosomes; microvesicles; apoptotic bodies; apoptotic extracellular vesicles; cell death; inflammation; sepsis; lung inflammatory disorders; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 9 September 2021 (10:31:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0195.v1

Targeting of Inhaled Therapeutics to the Small Airways: Nanoleucine Carrier Formulations

Danforth P. Miller, Thomas E. Tarara, Jeffry G. Weers

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: respirable agglomerates; inhaled corticosteroids; ciclesonide; particle engineering; dry powder inhaler; extrafine; total lung dose; Alberta Idealized Throat; Idealized Child Throat

Online: 13 October 2021 (10:52:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0360.v1

SARS-CoV-2 in Domestic UK Cats from Alpha to Omicron: Swab Surveillance and Case Reports

Sarah Jones, Grace B. Tyson, Richard J. Orton, Katherine Smollett, Federica Manna, Kirsty Kwok, Nicolás M Suárez, Nicola Logan, Michael McDonald, Andrea Bowie, Ana Filipe, Brian J. Willett, William Weir, Margaret J. Hosie

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; coronavirus; pets; companion animals; reverse zoonosis; veterinary; animal welfare; feline; One Health

Online: 4 August 2023 (14:48:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0033.v1

Differential Lysotracker Uptake Defines Two Populations of Distal Epithelial Cells in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Roxana Maria Wasnick, Irina Shalashova, Jochen Wilhelm, Ali Khadim, Nicolai Schmidt, Holger Hackstein, Andreas Hecker, Konrad Hoetzenecker, Werner Seeger, Saverio Bellusci, Elie El Agha, Clemens Ruppert, Andreas Guenther

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: IPF; alveolar epithelial cells; intermediate epithelial cells; transitional states, lysotracker; flow cytometry; lung transcriptomic profile, CK5; NGFR; CD24

Online: 2 December 2021 (11:38:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0296.v2

W-Band Millimeter Waves Targeted Mortality of H1299 Human Lung Cancer Cells without Affecting Non-tumorigenic MCF-10A Human Epithelial Cells In Vitro

Konstantin Komoshvili, Katya Israel, Jacob Levitan, Asher Yahalom, Ayan Barbora, Stella Liberman- Aronov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: W-band (75-105 GHz) MMW; H1299 human lung cancer cells; non-tumorigenic MCF-10A human epithelial cells; in vitro

Online: 15 June 2020 (06:44:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0380.v1

Circulating Tumor Cell Assay to Non-Invasively Evaluate PD-L1 and Other Therapeutic Targets in Multiple Cancers

Raymond Page, Darshana Patil, Dadasaheb Akolkar, Sudha S Murthy, Kiran Bendale, Revati Patil, Pradeep Fulmali, Pooja Fulmali, Archana Adhav, Sneha Puranik, Sachin Apurwa, Vineet Datta, Chirantan Bose, Stefan Schuster, Jinumary John, Ajay Srinivasan, Rajan Datar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Therapeutic biomarkers; circulating tumor cells; Immunocytochemistry; targeted therapy; Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Liquid Biopsy; Hormonal Treatments; Breast Cancer; Lung Cancer

Online: 25 January 2022 (11:31:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0797.v1

Tackling the Moving Mutant Target: Taxifolin Derivatives as Novel Putative E571K Exportin-1 Inhibitors for KRAS-mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma Therapy

Temidayo Adigun, Oluwatobi Medayedupin, Ireoluwa Joel, Idowu Fakolujo, Bankole Ofeniforo, Faith Bankole, Adedayo Omoniyi, Olalekan Ogunro, Adebimpe Agunlejika, Oluwatobi Omoyeni, Joy Bamidele, Adetola Ajayi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma; E571K exportin-1; Taxifolin; Molecular modelling

Online: 31 December 2020 (12:25:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0381.v1

The Effect of Continuous Low Intensity Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields from Radio Base Stations to Cancer Mortality in Brazil

Nádia Cristina Pinheiro Rodrigues, Adilza Condessa Dode, Mônica Kramer de Noronha Andrade, Gisele O’Dwyer, Denise Leite Maia Monteiro, Inês Nascimento Carvalho Reis, Roberto Pinheiro Rodrigues, Vera Cecília Frossard, Valéria Teresa Saraiva Lino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: cancer; mortality; electromagnetic fields; breast neoplasms; lung neoplasms; esophageal neoplasms; uterine cervical neoplasms

Online: 15 December 2020 (12:47:54 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0146.v1

Nanomedicine Strategies for Management of Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer

Mohamed Haider, Amr El Sherbeny, Valeria Pittalà, Antonino N. Fallica, Maha Ali Alghamdi, Zahid Hussain, Ghalia Khoder, Khaled Greish

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Nanomedicine; drug resistance; lung cancer; chemotherapeutic agents; drug delivery

Online: 11 January 2022 (13:48:22 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0364.v1

Emerging Roles of Urine-Derived Components for the Management of Bladder Cancer: One Man’s Trash is Another Man’s Treasure

Sarah Minkler, Fabrice Lucien, Michael Kimber, Agnes Bourgois-Mochel, Margareth Musser, Chad Johannes, Igor Frank, John Cheville, Karin Allenspach, Jonathan Mochel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Bladder Cancer; Exosomes; Organoids; One Health

Online: 13 November 2020 (07:32:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0285.v1

Inter-rater Variability in the Evaluation of Lung Ultrasound on Videos Acquired from COVID-19 Patients

Joaquin L. Herraiz, Clara Freijo, Jorge Camacho, Mario Muñoz, Ricardo González, Rafael Alonso-Roca, Jorge Álvarez-Troncoso, Luis Matías Beltrán-Romero, Máximo Bernabeu-Wittel, Rafael Blancas, Antonio Calvo-Cebrián, Ricardo Campo-Linares, Jaldún Chehayeb-Morán, Jose Chorda-Ribelles, Samuel García-Rubio, Gonzalo García-de-Casasola, Adriana Gil-Rodrigo, César Henríquez-Camacho, Alba Hernandez-Píriz, Carlos Hernandez-Quiles, Rafael Llamas-Fuentes, Davide Luordo, Raquel Marín-Baselga, María Cristina Martínez-Díaz, María Mateos-González, Manuel Mendez-Bailon, Francisco Miralles-Aguiar, Ramón Nogue, Marta Nogué, Borja Ortiz de Urbina-Antia, Alberto Ángel Oviedo-García, José M. Porcel, Santiago Rodriguez, Diego Aníbal Rodríguez-Serrano, Talía Sainz, Ignacio Manuel Sánchez-Barrancos, Marta Torres-Arrese, Juan Torres-Macho, Ángela Trueba-Vicente, Tomas Villen-Villegas, Juan José Zafra-Sánchez, Yale Tung-Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: Coronavirus disease 2019; interobserver agreement; interrater reliability; lung ultrasound; point-of-care ultrasound; reliability; severe acute respiratory syndrome; ultrasound

Online: 15 November 2022 (09:57:17 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0400.v1

Sergei Jargin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: asbestos; chrysotile; mesothelioma; lung cancer

Online: 26 July 2022 (09:43:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0739.v1

Title: Lung-molGPA in EGFR-mutated Adenocarcinoma: Prognostic Implications of Molecular Subtypes and Targeted Therapies

Feng-Che Kuan, Chung-Sheng Shi, Wei-Hsun Yang, Meng-Hung Lin, Hung-Yi Lai, Chun-Chieh Huang, Cheng-Ta Yang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Lung-molGPA; exon 19 deletion; Leu858Arg; rare mutation; prognostic implication

Online: 31 July 2020 (09:30:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0278.v1

Usefulness of Multi-Organ Point-Of-Care Ultrasound as a Complement to the Decision-Making Process in Internal Medicine

Irene Casado-López, Yale Tung-Chen, Marta Torres-Arrese, Davide Luordo-Tedesco, Arantzazu Mata-Martínez, Jose Manuel Casas-Rojo, Esther Montero-Hernández, Gonzalo García De Casasola-Sánchez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: point-of-care ultrasound; internal medicine; lung ultrasound; echocardiography; abdominal ultrasound

Online: 21 March 2022 (08:39:57 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0775.v1

Review of One Health in the Galápagos Islands (Part 1): Historical Perspective, Invasive Species, and Emerging Infectious Diseases

Isabel Jimenez, Patricio Vega-Mariño, Tamia Villacres, Emma Houck

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Galapagos; one health; planetary health; wildlife; conservation; endemic species; invasive species

Online: 13 November 2023 (08:54:46 CET)

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The Galápagos archipelago is a vast reservoir of terrestrial and marine biodiversity, owing in large part to its relatively recent volcanic genesis and colonization by humans. This unique ecological system is particularly susceptible to human, animal, and environmental impacts. Climate change, globalization, and the blurring of human-domestic animal-wildlife interfaces are poised to bring new threats and challenges to the region. A One Health perspective that simultaneously considers human, animal, and environmental health is imperative in assessing and mitigating the challenges facing the Galápagos Islands.In Part I of this review, we provide the historical context for biodiversity in the archipelago; discuss the role of invasive species in habitat destruction, fragmentation, and competition with endemic species; and summarize the established and emerging infectious disease threats. We also discuss the imperative to implement research, surveillance, and preventative measures to identify and manage future threats from a One Health perspective, with a specific emphasis on implications for wildlife health. In Part II, we outline the socioeconomic context of life in the Galápagos Islands, evaluate the current and predicted effects of climate change, and discuss direct anthropogenic factors affecting Galápagos biodiversity, such as tourism, fishing, pollution, and the illegal wildlife trade. We also examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the region. Throughout this two-part review, we build a cohesive picture of One Health in the Galápagos Islands by integrating past work, current needs, and emerging threats. We also consider overarching goals for conservation, ecosystem management, and socioeconomic sustainability that have been previously defined by both governmental and non-governmental stakeholders, and we identify discrete, implementable, and interdisciplinary recommendations that will facilitate achievement of those goals.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0732.v1

A Real-World, Observational, Prospective Study to Assess the Molecular Epidemiology of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Mutations upon Progression on or after First-Line Therapy with a First or Second Generation EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor in EGFR Mutation-Positive Locally Advanced or Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: The ‘LUNGFUL’ Study

Giannis Mountzios, Anna Koumarianou, Alexandros Bokas, Dimitrios Mavroudis, Epaminondas Samantas, Evangelos Georgios Fergadis, Helena Linardou, Panagiotis Katsaounis, Elias Athanasiadis, Michalis V. Karamouzis, George Pentheroudakis, Sofia Lampaki, Marios Froudarakis, Eleni-Isidora A. Perdikouri, Alvertos Somarakis, Foteini Papageorgiou, Zoe Paparepa, Aristeidis Nikolaou, Konstantinos N. Syrigos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR); mutations, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor; molecular epidemiology; Non-small-cell lung cancer

Online: 28 April 2021 (07:55:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0399.v1

Artificial Diets with Selective Restriction of Amino Acids and Very Low Levels of Lipids Induce Anticancer Activity in Mice with Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Emilio Guillén-Mancina, Julio José Jiménez-Alonso, José Manuel Calderón-Montaño, Víctor Jiménez-González, Patricia Díaz-Ortega, Estefanía Burgos-Morón, Miguel López-Lázaro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Amino acids, lipids, diet, low-fat diet, cancer therapy, cancer metabolism, triple-negative breast cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, metastasis

Online: 21 December 2022 (10:05:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0247.v1

Speech Emotion Recognition Using 1-D CLDNN with Data Augmentation

Shing-Tai Pan, Han-Jui Wu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Speech emotion recognition; one-dimensional neural network; LSTM; CNN; MFCCs

Online: 4 May 2023 (09:45:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0296.v1

Pharmacotherapy for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Performance Status 2 without Druggable Gene Alterations: Could Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors be a Game Changer?

Satoshi Ikeda, Tateaki Naito, Satoru Miura, Kentaro Ito, Naoki Furuya, Toshihiro Misumi, Takashi Ogura, Terufumi Kato

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: non-small-cell lung cancer; performance status; cytotoxic chemotherapy; immune checkpoint inhibitor; cancer cachexia

Online: 20 September 2022 (05:53:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0214.v1

Lung-Heart Toxicity in a Randomized Clinical Trial of Hypofractionated Image Guided Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer

Hilde Van Parijs, Elsa Cecilia-Joseph, Olena Gorobets, Guy Storme, Nele Adriaenssens, Benedicte Heyndrickx, Claire Verschraegen, Nam P. Nguyen, Mark De Ridder, Vincent Vinh-Hung

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Breast; Targeted Radiotherapy; Lung injury; Heart injuries; Health-Related Quality Of Life; Irradiation toxicity.

Online: 13 December 2022 (01:17:52 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0038.v1

Serological Response to SARS-CoV-2 after COVID-19 Vaccination in Lung Cancer patients: Short Review

Ananda Rodilla, Sooyun Tavolacci, Jazz Cagan, Tanay Shah, Sandeep Mittan, Philip C. Mack, Fred R. Hirsch

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: lung cancer; SARS-CoV-2 vaccine; immunogenicity

Online: 4 April 2023 (04:58:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0159.v1

Lung Ultrasound to Detect Pneumothorax in Children Evaluated for Acute Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: An Observational Pilot Study

Barbara Scialanga, Danilo Buonsenso, Mqariachiara Supino, Simona Scateni, Piero Valentini, Paolo Schingo, Elena Boccuzzi, Alessia Mesturino, Valentina Ferro, Antonio Chiaretti, Annamaria Musolino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: lung ultrasound; children; pneumothorax

Online: 8 January 2021 (13:21:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0167.v1

The Meaning of Accelerated Motion

Qing Li

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: the linear and curvilinear process of the continuum,one quantitative continuumm, the infinitely great, accelerating force

Online: 4 March 2021 (14:22:06 CET)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0486.v1

The Oxygen Transport Triad in High Altitude Pulmonary Edema: a Perspective from the High Andes

Gustavo Zubieta-Calleja, Natalia Zubieta-DeUrioste

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: high altitude, chronic hypobaric hypoxia, physiologic adaptation, travel to high altitude cities, high altitude physiology, pulmonary hypertension, lung disease, hemoglobin, tolerance to hypoxia, oxygen content.

Online: 18 June 2021 (15:22:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0015.v1

Retroviral Replicating Vector Toca 511 (vocimagene amiretrorepvec) for Prodrug Activator Gene Therapy of Lung Cancer

Hiroki Kushiya, Kei Hiraoka, Tomohiro Suzuki, Kazuho Inoko, Akihito Inagaki, Hiroki Niwa, Katsunori Sasaki, Toru Nakamura, Takahiro Tsuchikawa, Toshiaki Shichinohe, Douglas J. Jolly, Noriyuki Kasahara, Satoshi Hirano

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: lung cancer; gene therapy; retrovirus vector

Online: 1 July 2022 (15:28:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0556.v1

The One-way FSI Method Based on RANS-FEM for the Open Water Test of a Marine Propeller at the Different Advance Coefficient

Mobin Masoomi, Amir Mosavi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Fluid-Structure Interaction; OpenFOAM; One-way approach; Structural Analysis

Online: 27 January 2021 (12:10:19 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1176.v1

Ex Vivo Drug Testing of Patient-Derived Lung Organoids to Predict Treatment Responses for Personalized Medicine

Chia-Nung Hung, Maddison Williams, Ryan Williams, Meizhen Chen, Samaneh Kamali, Vaishnavi Sambandam, Cheryl Hsiang-Ling Chiu, Pawel Osmulski, Maria Gaczynska, Daniel DeArmond, Christine Gaspard, Maria Macini, Lina Song, Lingtao Jin, Paolo Schiavini, Chun-Liang Chen, Josephine Taverna

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: lung cancer; organoid; drug screening; high throughput; translational; pre-clinical; clinical; tumor microenvironment; personalized medicine

Online: 16 June 2023 (08:42:28 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

The Expression of PD-1 Ligand 1 on Macrophages and Its Clinical Impacts and Mechanisms in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Yusuke Shinchi, Yoshihiro Komohara, Eri Matsubara, Kimihiro Yonemitsu, Daiki Yoshii, Yukio Fujiwara, Koei Ikeda, Koji Tamada, Makoto Suzuki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: lung adenocarcinoma; macrophage; PD-L1; GM-CSF; STAT3

Online: 11 June 2021 (13:08:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0243.v1

High Pyrethroid Resistance to Deltamethrin and DDT in Major Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae s.l. from South-Western Nigeria is Probably Driven by Metabolic Resistance Mechanisms

Adedapo O. Adeogun, Ahmed Omotayo, Ayodele Babalola, Tosin Joseph, Oluwakemi Adesalu, Romoke Jimoh, Tolulope Oyeniyi, Samson Awolola, Olusola Ladokun

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Toxicology Keywords: Insecticide resistance; Anopheles gambiae; Anopheles coluzzii; Cytochrome P450; Gluthathi-one-S-Transferases

Online: 17 June 2022 (03:31:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0012.v1

Effect of One Belt One Road Initiative (OBORI) Policy on the International Spread of Chinese Brands

Karamoko K.E.H. N'da, Jiaoju Ge, Ren Jifan, Jia Wang

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: International Online Shopping; One Belt One Road Initiative; Chinese Bands; Brand Preference; International Online Consumers

Online: 1 August 2022 (08:41:02 CEST)

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