Version 1
: Received: 2 June 2022 / Approved: 6 June 2022 / Online: 6 June 2022 (03:51:38 CEST)
How to cite:
Ma, F. The Current Status of Cigarette Smoking and Air Pollution Associated Lung Cancer. Preprints2022, 2022060056. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202206.0056.v1
Ma, F. The Current Status of Cigarette Smoking and Air Pollution Associated Lung Cancer. Preprints 2022, 2022060056. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202206.0056.v1
Ma, F. The Current Status of Cigarette Smoking and Air Pollution Associated Lung Cancer. Preprints2022, 2022060056. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202206.0056.v1
APA Style
Ma, F. (2022). The Current Status of Cigarette Smoking and Air Pollution Associated Lung Cancer. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202206.0056.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Ma, F. 2022 "The Current Status of Cigarette Smoking and Air Pollution Associated Lung Cancer" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202206.0056.v1
Abstract
Cigarette smoking and air pollution (particulate matter) are recognized as two major etiological factors for lung cancer. Of all the risk factors, cigarette smoking is significantly associated with lung carcinogenesis. The main mechanism lies in the metabolically activated carcinogens (majorly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrosamines), which could covalently bind with DNA molecules and lead to irreversible mutations in pivotal cancer genes, such as TP53 and KRAS. Another major etiological factor for lung cancer is air pollution, which is with complex compositions and ubiquitous in daily life, especially in developing countries as China and India. The latest literatures on lung cancer epidemiology and etiology have been briefly summarized and reviewed in this work.
Keywords
lung cancer; cigarette smoking; air pollution; epidemiology; etiology
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
