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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0041.v1

Negative-Curvature Spacetime Solutions for Graphene

Antonio Gallerati

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: negative-curvature spacetime; field theories in lower dimensions; graphene theoretical physics

Online: 2 November 2020 (13:24:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0198.v1

"Gravitationally Lensed Gravity" from a Spacetime Perspective

Andreas Boenke

Subject: Physical Sciences, General & Theoretical Physics Keywords: gravity; gravitational lens; gravitationally lensed gravity; GLG; general relativity; spacetime curvature; light cone; null cone; gravity null cone; null geodesic; speed of gravity; Newtonian Limit; Minkowski diagram

Online: 21 April 2022 (09:19:44 CEST)

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A gravitational lens is mass-curved spacetime. Light that propagates freely, locally always on the fastest way, follows curved paths in it. The same applies to all effects propagating with the speed of light, also to gravity itself. They all have to follow the curvature of spacetime. A gravitational lens not only enhances the light from background objects but concurrently also their gravitational effect ! The "Gravitationally Lensed Gravity" (GLG) is a still scarcely noticed peculiar feature of general relativity. In [1] I presented a thought experiment to make the existence of this effect plausible. Here these considerations are described in terms of future and past light cones or null cones commonly used in relativity theory to illustrate the causal structure of spacetime. In the framework of general relativity, the GLG effect can be understood as a consequence of the folding of the past null cone by a gravitational lens. Starting from the basic ideas of the theory, the terms are introduced and applied. The extensive description on textbook level should be understandable also for beginners. In order not to obstruct the view on the essential physical relations, I avoid a mathematical formalism and use instead diagrams and figures, based on realistic numerical calculations, to reinforce my logical argumentation. Experts will recognize many long-known facts, but may still be surprised by the resulting conclusions. First, I present some particular aspects of the historical evolution of the concept of gravitational lensing and give a brief overview of the work of other authors on the subject GLG. I then explain the limitations of the applicability of the "Newtonian Limit" and move on to the key role of the speed of gravity in understanding GLG. Finally, I use a simple example to illustrate the possible significance of the GLG effect. With this work I intend to elicit greater interest in "Gravitationally Lensed Gravity" and to initiate a broader discussion about it.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0263.v1

Geometry of Chalcogenide Negative Curvature Fibers for CO₂ Laser Transmission

Chengli Wei, Curtis R. Menyuk, Jonathan Hu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics Keywords: CO2 lasers; negative curvature fibers; chalcogenide glass; fiber loss; mid-IR

Online: 16 July 2018 (08:40:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0366.v1

Energy-Momentum Tensor and Parameters in Cosmological Model

Ying-Qiu Gu

Subject: Keywords: cosmological model; energy-momentum tensor; equation of state; cosmic curvature; cosmological constant; negative pressure; dynamic analysis

Online: 25 February 2020 (07:55:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0012.v1

Thermodynamics of a Set of Closed Curved Surfaces and Noether’s Theorem

Harmen Hollestelle

Subject: Physical Sciences, General & Theoretical Physics Keywords: thermodynamics; surfaces; curvature

Online: 3 January 2017 (10:21:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0181.v2

Metamaterials Demonstrating Negative Thermal Capacity

Edward Bormashenko, Evgeny Shulzinger

Subject: Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: metamaterials; negative effective mass; negative density; negative thermal capacity; resonance.

Online: 26 January 2021 (11:36:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0357.v1

Negative Electrical Conductivity Metamaterials

Edward Bormashenko

Subject: Materials Science, General Materials Science Keywords: metamaterial; negative electrical conductivity; negative mass; Drude-Lorentz model; negative refraction

Online: 28 March 2022 (08:56:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0159.v1

The Third Laplace-Beltrami Operator of the Rotational Hypersurface in 4-Space

Erhan Güler

Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Geometry & Topology Keywords: 4-space; the third Laplace-Beltrami operator; rotational hypersurface; Gaussian curvature; mean curvature

Online: 11 June 2018 (12:35:51 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0055.v1

Modeling Membrane-Protein Interactions

Haleh Alimohamadi, Padmini Rangamani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: plasma membrane; spontaneous curvature; Helfrich energy; area difference elastic model; protein crowding; Deviatoric curvature

Online: 4 September 2018 (05:13:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0304.v1

Gol'denveizer Problem of Elastic Torus

Bohua Sun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: torus; elastic; deformation; symmetric; Gauss curvature

Online: 11 March 2021 (10:16:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0299.v1

Curvature Changes in Biological Dynamics

Arturo Tozzi

Subject: Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: lines; brain; topology; curvature; Dickinsonia; fMRI

Online: 15 October 2018 (10:36:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0387.v1

Mass or Energy? On Charge of Gravity

Zhong-Yue Wang

Subject: Physical Sciences, General & Theoretical Physics Keywords: universal gravitation; negative energy; repulsion; negative mass; MOND (Modified Newtonian Dynamics)

Online: 26 March 2020 (14:03:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0326.v2

Displacement Formulations for Deformation and Vibration of Elastic Circular Torus

Bohua Sun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: circular torus; deformation; vibration; Gauss curvature; Maple

Online: 25 January 2022 (10:04:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0255.v1

Exact Solutions for a Novel H₂ Optimal Design of Electromagnetic Tuned Mass Damper

Ge Li, Qibo Mao, Yifan Luo, Yong Wang, Lei Liu

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: electromagnetic tuned mass damper; H2 optimization; structural vibration control; negative inductance; negative resistance.

Online: 18 October 2021 (15:37:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0108.v1

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Curved Lipid Membranes

Andreas Haahr Larsen

Subject: Life Sciences, Biochemistry Keywords: membrane curvature; molecular dynamics; simulations; BAR domain; trafficking

Online: 7 July 2022 (04:19:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0300.v1

Deformation and Vibration of an Oblique Elliptic Torus

Bohua Sun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: elliptic torus; oblique; deformation; vibration; Gauss curvature; Maple

Online: 11 March 2021 (08:39:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0018.v1

Dislocation Density Tensor of Thin Elastic Shells at Finite Deformation

Bohua Sun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics Keywords: dislocation density tensor, thin shells, Riemann curvature tensor

Online: 2 July 2018 (17:08:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0315.v1

Modeling Traffic Accident Occurrence at Hazardous Road Locations: A Case Study in Tunisia

Fedy Ouni, Mounir Belloumi

Subject: Social Sciences, Economics Keywords: Crash counts; Hazardous Road Locations; Pearson correlation; Random effect negative binomial; Negative binomial model

Online: 13 November 2018 (13:02:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0104.v1

Internalization of Negative External Cost of Logistics and Incentive Mechanism

Zhanzhong Wang, Zhouling Tsai, Jing Fu, Guangdong Tian

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: green logistics; negative externality of logistics; internalization of logistics negative external cost; incentive mechanism

Online: 20 December 2016 (10:37:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0178.v2

Bending Response and Energy Dissipation of Interlayered Slidable Friction Booklike-Plates

Bohua Sun, Wen Dang, Xuanting Liu, Xiao-Lin Guo

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: Hardcover book; multilayer; plates; curvature; bending; friction; dissipation; deflection

Online: 14 December 2022 (06:19:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0262.v1

Clamping Force of A Multilayered Cylindrical Clamp with Internal Friction

Bohua Sun, Xiao-Lin Guo

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: Clamping force; multilayer clamp; curvature; bending; friction; dissipation; deflection

Online: 27 April 2022 (11:35:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0100.v1

Audoly-Pomeau Linear Law of the Gol'denveizer Torus

Guangkai Song, Bohua Sun

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: circular torus; finite element method; analytical solution; Gaussian curvature

Online: 10 January 2022 (11:27:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0349.v3

Geometry-Induced Rigidity in Elastic Torus from Circular to Oblique Elliptic Cross-Section

Bohua Sun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: elliptic torus; oblique; nonlinear deformation; vibration; Gauss curvature; Maple

Online: 25 November 2021 (11:21:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0027.v1

Killing the Fathers: A Biology-Framed Skepticism

Arturo Tozzi, James F. Peters

Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Applied Mathematics Keywords: points; lines; brain; continuum; physical equations; topology; curvature; infinity

Online: 3 September 2018 (11:34:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0263.v9

Novel Recurrence Relations for Volumes and Surfaces of N-Balls, Regular N-Simplices, and N-Orthoplices in Real Dimensions

Szymon Łukaszyk

Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Geometry & Topology Keywords: regular convex polytopes; negative dimensions; fractal dimensions

Online: 8 June 2022 (12:29:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0217.v1

Aptamer Bead-Mediated Separation of Gram-Negative Bacteria Using Acoustophoresis

Sang Woo Lee, Byungw Woo Kim, Hye-Su Shin, Anna Go, Minho Lee, Dong-ki Lee, Soyoun Kim, Ok Chan Jeong

Subject: Engineering, Biomedical & Chemical Engineering Keywords: aptamer: acoustophoresis; microfluidics; gram-negative bacteria

Online: 18 October 2019 (11:41:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0230.v1

Refusal Parenting Style Is Easier for Students to Perceive Non-physical Bullying in the Upper Grades of Elementary School: Mediation Effect of Negative Affect Experience and Negative Coping Style

Houyu Zhou, Qinfei Wang, Shuxu Yu, Quangquang Zheng

Subject: Behavioral Sciences, Applied Psychology Keywords: perceiving campus non-physical bullying; Refusal parenting style; negative affect experiences; negative coping style; mediating effect

Online: 17 January 2022 (14:09:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0326.v1

Buckling Behavior of Different Types of Woven Structures Under Axial Compression Loads

Guangkai Song, Bohua Sun

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: In-plane curvatures; Buckling; Woven structure; 3D print; Gaussian curvature

Online: 24 May 2022 (09:06:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0318.v1

From Maximal Force to the Field Equations of General Relativity

C Sivaram, Arun Kenath, Christoph Schiller

Subject: Physical Sciences, General & Theoretical Physics Keywords: General relativity, Maximal force, Maximal power, Cosmological constant, Planck curvature

Online: 17 September 2021 (15:07:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0371.v1

Nonlinear Elastic Deformation of Mindlin Torus

Bohua Sun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: circular torus; nonlinear deformation; shear deformation; Mindlin; Gauss curvature; Maple

Online: 16 July 2021 (12:47:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0420.v3

Small Symmetrical Deformation of Thin Torus with Circular Cross-Section

Bohua Sun

Subject: Engineering, General Engineering Keywords: toroidal shell; deformation; Gauss curvature; Heun function; hypergeometric function; Maple

Online: 19 April 2021 (12:03:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0311.v1

Spaghetti Breaking Dynamics

Yi Zhang, Xiang Li, Yuanfan Dai, Bohua Sun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: curvature; brittle cracking; elastic rod; diameter-to-length ratio; spaghetti

Online: 11 March 2021 (11:00:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0109.v2

Four-Dimensional Almost Einstein Manifolds with Skew-Circulant Structres

Iva Dokuzova, Dimitar Razpopov

Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Geometry & Topology Keywords: Riemannian manifold; Einstein manifold; sectional curvatures; Ricci curvature; Lie group

Online: 28 May 2020 (02:58:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0156.v2

On Symmetrical Deformation of Toroidal Shell with Circular Cross-Section

Bohua Sun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: toroidal shell; deformation; Gauss curvature; Heun's function; hypergeometric function; Maple

Online: 26 May 2020 (07:45:00 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Inducible Intracellular Membranes: Molecular Aspects and Emerging Applications

Jorge Royes Mir, Valérie Biou, Nathalie Dautin, Christophe Tribet, Bruno Miroux

Subject: Life Sciences, Microbiology Keywords: membrane remodeling; membrane biosynthesis; membrane curvature; phospholipids; inner membrane; lipid biosynthesis

Online: 25 August 2020 (10:03:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0272.v1

Carbon Nanocones with Curvature Effects Close to Vertex

Barry J Cox, James M Hill

Subject: Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: carbon nanocones; geometry; rolled-up model; curvature effects; analytical formulae

Online: 16 July 2018 (10:18:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0112.v1

Auxetic Structures from Rotating Squares

Julian Plewa, Małgorzata Płońska, Paweł Lis

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: auxetic structures; metamaterials; negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR)

Online: 8 February 2022 (13:15:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0174.v1

Whole Genome Transcriptome Analysis of the Association between Obesity and Triple Negative Breast Cancer in Caucasian Women

Tarun Mamidi, Jiande Wu, Paul B. Tchounwou, Lucio Miele, Chindo Hicks

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: gene expression obesity triple negative breast cancer

Online: 20 March 2018 (07:56:33 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Polymer Drag Reduction for Single-Phase Water Flow in and around 180° Bends

Paul Onubi Ayegba, Lawrence C. Edomwonyi-Otu, Abdulkareem Abubakar, Nurudeen Yusuf

Subject: Keywords: U-bends; polymer drag reduction; flow redevelopment; bend curvature; PEO; HPAM

Online: 17 May 2020 (15:50:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0236.v1

An Assessment of Couple Stress Theories

Ali R. Hadjesfandiari, Gary F. Dargush

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: couple stress theory; size-dependent mechanics; indeterminacies; curvature tensor; torsion tensor

Online: 9 November 2018 (04:01:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0486.v1

The Modified Fundamental Equations of Quantum Mechanics in Symmetric Forms

Huai-Yu Wang

Subject: Physical Sciences, General & Theoretical Physics Keywords: Dirac equation; Klein-Gordon equation; Schrödinger equation; negative kinetic energy; Decoupled Klein-Gordon equation; negative kinetic energy Schrödinger equation

Online: 25 August 2021 (10:50:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0368.v1

The Role of Perceived Social Support in the Psychological Well-Being of Young Offenders: from Pretrial Detention to Correctional Camps

Fedor Ushkov, Roman Shilko, Ludmila Shaigerova, Alexandra Dolgikh, Olga Almazova, Olga Vakhantseva, Yuri Zinchenko

Subject: Behavioral Sciences, Social Psychology Keywords: psychological well-being; young offenders; social support; pretrial detention; correctional camps; positive and negative feelings; positive and negative affects

Online: 29 November 2019 (04:16:05 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0170.v1

Necrotic Skin Infection by Sphingomonas Paucimobilis in Amazonia Region

Talles Henrique Pichinelli Maffei, Frederico Alberto Bussolaro, Arlei Belaus, Alexandra Prevedello, Claudine Thereza-Bussolaro

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: sphingomonas; gram-negative bacterial infection; skin disease; bacterial

Online: 12 December 2019 (10:01:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0409.v1

Nonlinear Investigation of Gol'denveizer's Problem of a Circular and Elliptic Elastic Torus

Guangkai Song, Bohua Sun

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: circular torus; elliptic torus; finite element method; buckling; nonlinear analysis; Gaussian curvature

Online: 27 January 2022 (06:58:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0494.v1

Deformation and Stress Analysis of Catenary Shell of Revolution

Bohua Sun

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Catenary; surface of revolution; Gauss curvature; minimal surface; shells; deformation; stress; Maple

Online: 19 April 2021 (14:03:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0026.v1

Dark Energy is Dark Matter below Absolute Zero in Black Holes

Roumen Tsekov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics Keywords: Neutrino, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, Black Holes, Negative Temperature

Online: 2 February 2022 (09:35:52 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0047.v2

Clinically Translatable Approaches of Inhibiting TGF-β to Target Cancer Stem Cells in TNBC

Andrew Sulaiman, Sarah McGarry, Sai Charan Chilumula, Vishak Vinod, Rohith Kandunuri

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: Triple Negative Breast Cancer; Cancer Stem Cell; TGF-β

Online: 8 September 2021 (20:53:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0195.v1

Comparative Study of Computational Models for Reducing Air Pollution Through the Generation of Negative Ions

Paola Ortiz-Grisales, Julián Patiño-Murillo, Eduardo Duque-Grisales

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Environmental pollution; air purification; negative ion generators; particulate matter.

Online: 10 May 2021 (14:02:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0782.v2

A Review of Electrospun Carbon Nanofiber-Based Negative Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors

Arjun Prasad Tiwari, Tanka Mukhiya, Alagan Muthurasu, Kisan Chhetri, Minju Lee, Bipeen Dahal, Prakash Chandra Lohani, Hak Yong Kim

Subject: Materials Science, General Materials Science Keywords: electrospinning; negative electrode materials; carbon nanofibers; free-standing; supercapacitor

Online: 10 May 2021 (09:34:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0078.v1

How Would Different Types of Negative Life Events Predict Adolescents’ Suicidal Ideation ? - an Empirical Study Based on the Western Region of China

Moye Xin, Xueyan Yang, Kun Liu

Subject: Social Sciences, Accounting Keywords: Negative life events; Suicidal ideation; Suicidalogy; Adolescents; Gender difference

Online: 4 March 2021 (15:56:04 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0517.v1

Metabolite Transporter and Its Impact on Metabolic Engineering Approaches

Mostafa Gomaa FADL

Subject: Life Sciences, Biochemistry Keywords: Gram-negative bacterial; Metabolite transporter; pathways; metabolic engineering approaches

Online: 25 January 2021 (15:49:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0076.v6

Unification of the Electromagnetic Force and Gravity through the Composite Photon

Ian Clague

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Unification; Composite Photon; Negative Mass; Antimatter; Grand Unification Theory, Dark Energy, Dark Matter

Online: 28 October 2021 (10:06:39 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Inhibition of DNA Repair Pathways and Induction of ROS are Potential Mechanisms of Action of the Small Molecule Inhibitor BOLD-100 in Breast Cancer

Suzanne Bakewell, Isabel Conde, Yassi Fallah, Mathew McCoy, Lu Jin, Ayesha Shajahan-Haq

Subject: Biology, Other Keywords: breast cancer; BOLD-100; olaparib; triple negative breast cancer

Online: 22 July 2020 (10:00:52 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

On the Theory and Design of Cold Resistors

Jiaao Song, Laszlo B. Kish

Subject: Engineering, Electrical & Electronic Engineering Keywords: thermal noise; negative feedback; low-noise resistors; theory; design

Online: 31 May 2020 (19:02:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0418.v1

Negative Effective Mass in Plasmonic Systems

Edward Bormashenko, Irina Legchenkova

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: metamaterials; negative effective mass; plasma oscillations; low frequency plasmons

Online: 29 March 2020 (03:39:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0147.v1

Schizophrenia Phenomenology Revisited: Positive and Negative Symptoms are Strongly Related Reflective Manifestations of an Underlying Single Trait Indicating Overall Severity of Schizophrenia

Abbas Almulla, Hussein Al-Hakeim, Michael Maes

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Psychiatry & Mental Health Studies Keywords: deficit schizophrenia, positive symptoms, negative symptoms, inflammation, neuro-immune

Online: 10 July 2019 (11:02:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0438.v1

Adiabatic Thermodyhamics

Christian Fronsdal

Subject: Physical Sciences, Fluids & Plasmas Keywords: entropy; thermodynamics; conservative hydrodynamics; rotations; meniscus; planets; negative pressure

Online: 19 November 2018 (09:42:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0059.v1

Pathology of Adult and Paediatric Mitochondrial Myopathies

Rahul Phadke

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pathology & Pathobiology Keywords: mitochondrial; muscle biopsy; ragged red; COX-negative; subsarcolemmal; immunohistochemistry

Online: 13 June 2017 (06:23:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0366.v1

A Review of Mechanics-Based Mesoscopic Membrane Remodelling Methods: Capturing Both the Physics and the Chemical Diversity

Gaurav Kumar, Satya Chaithanya Duggisetty, Anand Srivastava

Subject: Physical Sciences, General & Theoretical Physics Keywords: Curvature proteins; Membrane Remodelling; Protein-protein interactions; Mesoscopic Modeling; Backmapping and molecular reconstruction

Online: 22 August 2022 (03:20:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0129.v1

A Study of the Jacobi Stability of the Rosenzweig–MacArthur Predator–prey System by the KCC Geometric Theory

Florian Munteanu

Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Applied Mathematics Keywords: predator–prey systems; Kolmogorov systems; KCC-theory; the deviation curvature tensor; Jacobi stability

Online: 8 August 2022 (03:58:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0123.v5

A Unified Field Theory Derived from a Magnetic Confinement Method that Stimulates Curvature Upon Charged Particles Relative to a Solitary Location that Produces Energy from Particle Deviation

Samuel Moss

Subject: Physical Sciences, General & Theoretical Physics Keywords: fusion; tokamak; inertial electrostatic confinement; magnetic reconnection; quantum gravity; general relativity; unified field theory; relative acceleration; geodesic deviation; Riemann Curvature; Faraday; Maxwell; Einstien; Dark Matter; Dark Energy

Online: 17 October 2022 (11:43:06 CEST)

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This interdisciplinary work presents a novel patent pending method of inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) fusion called the Nuclear Electromagnetic Shaping Accelerator Reactor (NESAR) that addresses all of the major failure problems with currently known methods of IEC fusion. A brief background of previous IEC methods that generate a negative potential well to accelerate ions for fusion will be reviewed and compared to the NESAR method of magnetic confinement. In addition, a direct comparison will be presented between the NESAR and the tokamak method of fusion. The NESAR method of fusion obtains the plasma oscillation and compression capabilities of a tokamak without producing the catastrophic magnetic reconnection disruptions that currently plague tokamaks. Since the NESAR can oscillate charged particles comparable to the tokamak, this work will briefly review the history of the tokamak, how sawtooth magnetic reconnection occurs, and how the NESAR precludes the occurrence of magnetic reconnection. This work will also review the beginnings of a novel theory that has obtained interest from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) which is currently interested in possibly supporting further research into the NESAR to explore this new theoretical concept. This novel theory is a unified field theory based upon the trajectory of charged particle movements within the NESAR. The NESAR is the only concept of magnetic confinement in the world that may have the capability to allow charge particles to collectively interact relatively to a solitary location. Due to this possible capability, there is a probability that the confined particles may experience curved trajectories that could allow them to experience the effects of curvature deviation. If curvature deviation occurs with these magnetically confined charged particles; then the deviated acceleration would allow for the electromagnet field to be propelled to a higher dimension that could influence spacetime. Finally, this work will review another theory that explains how pole reversals are observed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) coiled magnetic field detectors. This theory requires little to no postulations to be framed and it is purely based upon the trajectory of charged particles within the NESAR, Michael Faraday’s law of induction, and experimental observations of rotating plasmas.

Working Paper ARTICLE

The Cytosolic Phospholipase A2α N-Terminal C2 Domain Binds and Oligomerizes on Membranes with Positive Curvature

Katherine E. Ward, Ranjan Sengupta, James P. Ropa, Robert V. Stahelin

Subject: Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: cytosolic phospholipase A2; electron microscopy; C2 domain; Golgi; membrane bending; membrane curvature; oligomerization

Online: 12 March 2020 (04:10:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0133.v1

Can Radiomics Provide Additional Information in [18F]FET-Negative Glioma?

Katharina Von Rohr, Marcus Unterrainer, Adrien Holzgreve, Maximilian A. Kirchner, Zhicong Li, Lena M. Unterrainer, Bogdana Suchorska, Matthias Brendel, Jörg-Christian Tonn, Peter Bartenstein, Sibylle Ziegler, Nathalie L. Albert, Lena Kaiser

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: amino acid PET; FET PET; glioma; FET negative; photopenic; radiomics

Online: 9 September 2022 (09:31:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0349.v1

Spatial Distribution of Cyclograpsus cinereus Dana 1851 in Rocky Shores of Antofagasta (23º27’ S, Chile)

Patricio De los Rios-Escalante, Carlos Esse, Marco Antonio Retamal, Oscar Zuñiga, Maritza Fajardo

Subject: Biology, Ecology Keywords: Cyclograpsus cinereus; spatial distribution; intertidal; rocky shore; negative binomial distribution.

Online: 24 January 2022 (11:48:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0476.v1

Comparison of social inequality in HPV vaccination among teenagers with parental reports and healthcare providers’ records in the 2019 National Immunization Survey-Teen.

Sol Seo Choi, Bongkyoo Choi

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: Human Papillomavirus, vaccine, social inequality, NIS-Teen, false negative, SES.

Online: 30 December 2021 (00:14:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0626.v1

A High Efficacy DNA Vaccine Against Tilapia Lake Virus in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Nai-tong Yu, Wei-wei Zeng, Jian-hua Wang, Yu-liang Zhang, Xiu-chun Zhang, Zhi-xin Liu

Subject: Life Sciences, Biochemistry Keywords: tilapia; negative-sense RNA virus; Tilapia lake virus; DNA vaccine

Online: 28 July 2021 (11:11:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0614.v1

Mixed Effects and Mechanisms of Cannabinoids for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment

Khanh Tran

Subject: Keywords: Triple-negative breast cancer; cannabinoid; marijuana; cell signalling; medicinal plants

Online: 28 July 2021 (08:56:32 CEST)

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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer characterized by the lack of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors, and HER-2 receptors. Thus, TNBC tumours do not benefit from the current therapies targeting ER or HER-2. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel treatment for this subtype of breast cancer. Marijuana is a common name given to Cannabis plants, a group of plants in the Cannabis genus of the Cannabaceae family. Cannabis plants are among the oldest cultivated crops, traced back at least 12,000 years and are well known for their multi-purpose usage, including medicinal purposes. The main active compounds extracted from Cannabis plants are 21-carbon-containing terpenophenolics, which are referred to as phytocannabinoids. Of these, the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) group contains highly potent cannabinoids, including delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC) and delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆8-THC), which are the most abundant THCs and are largely responsible for psychological and physiological effects of marijuana. The use of Cannabis plants for medicinal purposes was first recorded in 2337 BC in China, where Cannabis plants were used to treat pains, rheumatism, and gout. Recently, several cannabinoids have been approved for a number of treatments, one of which is the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy in cancer patients. Furthermore, increasing evidence shows that cannabinoids not only attenuate side effects due to cancer treatment, but might also potentially possess direct antitumor effects in several cancer types, including breast cancer. However, anti-tumour activity of marijuana has been variable in different studies and even promoted tumour growth in some cases. In addition, the mechanisms of cannabinoid action in cancer remain unclear. This review summarizes evidence about the mixed actions of cannabinoids in cancer in general and triple-negative breast cancer in particular.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0238.v1

An Idea about Negative Cosmic Time in the Big Bang-Big Rip Cosmological Model

Mohamed Abdalla Bakry, Ali Eid, A. Alkaoud

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Negative cosmic time; cosmological solutions; variable deceleration parameter; big rip

Online: 12 July 2021 (09:46:04 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Prognostic Impact of Immunoglobulin Kappa C (IGKC) In Early Breast Cancer

Marcus Schmidt, Karolina Edlund, Jan G Hengstler, Anne-Sophie Heimes, Katrin Almstedt, Antje Lebrecht, Slavomir Krajnak, Marco J. Battista, Walburgis Brenner, Annette Hasenburg, Jörg Rahnenführer, Mathias Gehrmann, Pirkko-Liisa Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, Ralph M Wirtz, Heikki Joensuu

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Allergology Keywords: triple-negative breast cancer; prognosis; immune system; immunoglobulin kappa C

Online: 31 May 2021 (12:27:49 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Combined Radionuclide Therapy and Immunotherapy for Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Alyssa Vito, Stephanie Rathmann, Natalie Mercanti, Nader El-Sayes, Karen Mossman, John Valliant

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: triple negative breast cancer; immunotherapy; immune checkpoint therapy; radionuclide therapy

Online: 9 April 2021 (13:26:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0689.v1

Alternative Invasion Mechanisms and Host Immune Response to Plasmodium vivax Malaria: Trends and Future Directions

Daniel Kepple, Kareen Pestana, Junya Tomida, Abnet Abebe, Lemu Golassa, Eugenia Lo

Subject: Biology, Other Keywords: Plasmodium vivax; Erythrocyte Invasion Mechanisms; Duffy Negative; Africa; Immunology; Epidemiology

Online: 27 November 2020 (13:08:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0178.v1

Identification of Distinct Heterogenic Subtypes and Molecular Signatures Associated With African Ancestry in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Quantified Genetic Ancestry Models in Admixed Race Populations

Melissa Davis, Rachel Martini, Lisa Newman, Olivier Elemento, Jason White, Akanksha Verma, Indrani Datta, Indra Adrianto, Kevin Gardner, Hyung-Gyoon Kim, Windy Dean-Colomb, Isam Eldin Eltoum, Andra R Frost, William E. Grizzle, Andrea Sboner, Upender Manne, Clayton Yates

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: triple negative breast cancer; African Ancestry; RNAseq analysis; oncologic pathways

Online: 12 April 2020 (04:22:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0064.v1

On the Trends of Registered Birth and Death Rates in Nigeria: Evidence from Generalized Linear Models

Monday Osagie Adenomon, Emmanuel Chukwuma Anikweze

Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Probability And Statistics Keywords: birth; death; trends; generalized linear models (GLMs); poisson; negative binomial

Online: 5 August 2019 (14:36:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0436.v1

Comparing Supervised Machine Learning Strategies and Linguistic Features to Search for Very Negative Opinions

Sattam Almatarneh, Pablo Gamallo

Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence & Robotics Keywords: sentiment analysis; opinion mining; linguistic features; classification; very negative opinions

Online: 19 November 2018 (09:35:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0098.v1

Oyelola A. Adegboye, Majeed Adegboye

Subject: Mathematics & Computer Science, Other Keywords: ecological niche model; environment; overdispersion; negative binomial; leishmaniasis; infectious disease

Online: 27 September 2016 (10:17:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0063.v1

Multi-Objective Optimization of Experiments Using Curvature and Fisher Information Matrix

Erica Manesso, Sridharan Srinath, Rudiyanto Gunawan

Subject: Engineering, Biomedical & Chemical Engineering Keywords: design of experiments; multi-objective optimization; Fisher information matrix; curvature; biological processes; mathematical modeling

Online: 15 September 2017 (11:07:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0028.v1

Depolarizing Effects in Hydrogen Bond Energy in 3₁₀-Helices Revealed by Quantum Chemical Analysis

Hiroko X. Kondo, Haruki Nakamura, Yu Takano

Subject: Life Sciences, Biochemistry Keywords: 310-helix; hydrogen bond energy; density functional theory; negative fragmentation analysis

Online: 2 August 2022 (03:15:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0080.v1

The Effect of Negative Mass in Gravitating System

Edward Bormashenko

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: core-spring-shell system; gravitating system; negative mass; Coulomb-like forces

Online: 8 April 2022 (11:12:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0133.v1

Phenotypic Heterogeneity Drives Differential Disease Outcome in Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Archana P. Thankamony, Reshma Murali, Priyanka Chakraborty, Nitheesh Karthikeyan, Binitha Anu Varghese, Vishnu Sunil Jaikumar, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Radhika Nair

Subject: Biology, Other Keywords: Intratumoral heterogeneity; Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC); Macc1; Phenotypic heteroge-neity

Online: 9 February 2022 (10:40:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0042.v1

Modulation Instability of Hydro-Elastic Waves Blown by a Wind with a Uniform Vertical Profile

S. Boral, T. Sahoo, Y. Stepanyants

Subject: Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics Keywords: Wind wave; Ice cover; Vortex sheet; Negative energy wave; Modulation instability

Online: 2 November 2021 (10:53:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0626.v1

Isolation and Identification of Gram Positive and Negative Bacteria from Dairy Department Waste Lines at Baraton University

Stella Wanyama

Subject: Keywords: Isolation; Identification; gram positive; gram negative; tests staining; microbio metabolic activities

Online: 25 November 2020 (08:36:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0527.v1

Targeting Hypoxia Sensitizes TNBC to Cisplatin and Promotes Inhibition of Both Bulk and Cancer Stem Cells

Andrew Sulaiman, Sarah McGarry, Jason Chambers, Emil Al-Kadi, Alexandra Phan, Li Li, Karan Mediratta, Jim Dimitroulakos, Christina Addison, Xuguang Li, Lisheng Wang

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: Triple Negative Breast Cancer; Cancer Stem Cell; Hypoxia; EGFR; Cisplatin; PDX

Online: 22 July 2020 (11:32:30 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Turkish Adaptation of the Positive-Negative Relationship Quality (PN-RQ) Scale: A Reliability and Validity Study

Arzu Araz, Duygu Güngör, Eda Aşçı

Subject: Behavioral Sciences, Social Psychology Keywords: positive-negative relationship quality; reliability; validity; confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); bifactor

Online: 16 September 2019 (16:33:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0314.v1

From Individual Resource to Social Capital: The Mechanism of How Political Skill Affect Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention

Yi Li, Mengqiu Ma

Subject: Social Sciences, Organizational Economics & Management Keywords: political skill; job satisfaction; turnover intention; popularity; positive affect; negative affect

Online: 26 December 2018 (12:16:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0251.v1

Applicability of Asymmetric Specimens for Residual Stress Evaluation in Fiber Metal Laminates

Johannes Wiedemann, Jan-Uwe R. Schmidt, Christian Hühne

Subject: Materials Science, Polymers & Plastics Keywords: fiber metal laminate; hybrid laminate; residual stress; asymmetric laminate; process monitoring; curvature analysis; stress-free temperature

Online: 19 September 2022 (02:03:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0457.v3

Timoshenko Beam Theory: Exact Solution for First-Order Analysis, Second-Order Analysis, and Stability Using a Moment-Shear Force-Curvature Relationship

Valentin Fogang

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Timoshenko beam; moment shear force curvature relationship; closed-form solutions; non-uniform heating; stability; second-order element stiffness matrix; elastic Winkler foundation

Online: 15 July 2021 (10:30:53 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Predicting the Curvature of the Cosmos, and Point of Volume Contraction in a Big Bounce Scenario

Christopher Pilot

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Big Bounce Model, Closed Universe, Cosmological Curvature, Big Crunch, Cyclic Universe, Heat Engine Model for Universe

Online: 16 February 2021 (13:41:49 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

A 2D Electrostatic Non-Linear Second-Order Differential Model for Electrostatic Circular Membrane MEMS Devices: A Result of Existence and Uniqueness

Paolo Di Barba, Luisa Fattorusso, Mario Versaci

Subject: Engineering, Electrical & Electronic Engineering Keywords: circular membrane mems devices; electrostatic actuator; boundary non-linear second-order differential problems; singularities; mean curvature

Online: 8 November 2019 (10:33:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0296.v1

N10-C11 Imine is Essential for Gram-negative Antibacterial Activity of Broad Spectrum Pyrrolobenzodiazepines

Pietro Picconi, Charlotte K. Hind, J. Mark Sutton, Khondaker Miraz Rahman

Subject: Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; broad-spectrum antibiotics; antibacterial drug discovery; gram-negative bacteria; pyrrolobenzodiazepines

Online: 16 November 2022 (04:20:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0433.v1

Spiropyran/Merocyanine Amphiphile in Various Solvents: A Joint Experimental–Theoretical Approach to Photophysical Properties and Self-Assembly

Vladyslav Savchenko, Nino Lomadze, Svetlana Santer, Olga Guskova

Subject: Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Keywords: spiropyran/merocyanine isomerization; negative photochromism; time-resolved UV-vis measurements; molecular modeling

Online: 25 August 2022 (10:22:35 CEST)

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This joint experimental-theoretical work focuses on molecular and photophysical properties of the spiropyran-containing amphiphilic molecule in organic and aqueous solutions. Being dissolved in tested organic solvents, the system demonstrates positive photochromism, i.e. upon UV stimulus the colorless spiropyran form is transformed into colorful merocyanine isomer. However, aqueous solution of the amphiphile possesses a negative photochromism: the orange-red merocyanine form turns to be thermodynamically more stable in water, and both UV and vis stimuli lead to the partial or complete photobleaching of the solution. The explanation of this phenomenon is given on the basis of density functional theory calculations and classical modeling including thermodynamic integration. The simulations reveal that stabilization of merocyanine in water proceeds with the energy of ca. 70 kJ mol−1, and that the Helmholtz free energy of hydration of merocyanine form is 100 kJ mol−1 lower as compared to the behavior of SP isomer in water. The explanation of such a difference lies in the molecular properties of the merocyanine: after ring-opening reaction this molecule transforms into a zwitterionic form, as evidenced by the electrostatic potential plotted around the opened form. The presence of three charged groups on the periphery of a flat conjugated backbone stimulates the self-assembly of merocyanine molecules in water, ending up with the formation of elongated associates with stack-like building blocks, as shown in molecular dynamics simulations of the aqueous solution with the concentration above critical micelle concentration. Our quantitative evaluation of the hydrophilicity switching in spiropyran/merocyanine containing surfactants may prompt the search for new systems, including colloidal and polymeric ones, aiming at remote tuning of their morphology, which could give new promising shapes and patterns for the needs of modern nanotechnology.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0233.v1

Social Robots Outdo the Not-so-Social Media for Self-disclosure: Safe Machines Preferred to Unsafe Humans?

Rowling Luo, Thea Zhang, Derrick Chen, Johan F. Hoorn, Ivy Huang

Subject: Social Sciences, Accounting Keywords: social media; social robots; negative mood; self-disclosure; intervention design; anthropomorphic design

Online: 16 June 2022 (06:11:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0297.v1

The Effect of Intratumoral Interrelation among FOXP3+ Regulatory T cells on Treatment Response and Survival in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Noriko Goda, Chika Nakashima, Ichiro Nagamine, Sunao Otagaki

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Oncology & Oncogenics Keywords: regulatory T cell; tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte; neoadjuvant chemotherapy; triple-negative breast cancer

Online: 22 March 2022 (07:50:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0130.v1

A Novel Treatment of the Josephson Effect

Jacob Szeftel, Nicolas Sandeau, Michel Abou Ganthous

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Josephson effect; transport properties; critical current; tunnelling; superconducting-normal transition; negative resistance

Online: 4 February 2021 (10:01:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0568.v1

Perceived Help-Seeking Difficulty, Barriers, Delay, and Burden in Carers of People with Suspected Dementia

Carmen KM Ng, Dara KY Leung, Xinxin Cai, Gloria HY Wong

Subject: Social Sciences, Accounting Keywords: service accessibility; dementia knowledge; affordability; carer role strain; self-criticism; negative emotions

Online: 27 January 2021 (16:15:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0279.v2

COVID-19 Testing – Impact of Prevalence, Sensitivity, and Specificity on Patient Risk and Cost

Zoe C. Brooks, Saswati Das

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pathology & Pathobiology Keywords: COVID19; risk; clinical; metrics; cost; false-positive; false-negative; prevalence; sensitivity; specificity

Online: 9 July 2020 (15:57:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0117.v1

Using Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in the Treatment of Wounds After Fasciotomy in Acute Compartment Syndrome - Retrospective Case Series Study

Jaroslaw P. Miszczuk, Maria Błońska-Staniec, Anna Michalska, Bartosz Stemplewski

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: acute compartment syndrome; negative pressure wound therapy; vacuum assisted wound closure; fasciotomy

Online: 8 April 2020 (04:50:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0225.v1

Analysis of Water Bodies under Partial Cloud Conditions Using Satellite Images

Rahul Neware, Mansi Thakare

Subject: Earth Sciences, Geoinformatics Keywords: water bodies; satellite images; vector data; SVM; positive and negative buffering; polygons

Online: 21 August 2019 (10:30:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0259.v1

Deformation Analysis of Reinforced Beams Made of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete

Darius Bacinskas, Deividas Rumsys, Aleksandr Sokolov, Gintaris Kaklauskas

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: lightweight aggregate concrete; reinforced concrete; flexural elements; curvature; short-term loading; tension stiffening; constitutive model; numerical modelling.

Online: 22 November 2019 (08:28:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0179.v1

Incipient Bulk Polycrystal Plasticity Observed by Synchrotron in-situ Topotomography

Henry Proudhon, Nicolas Gueninchault, Samuel Forest, Wolfgang Ludwig

Subject: Materials Science, Metallurgy Keywords: Polycrystal plasticity; X-ray diffraction imaging; Topotomography; in situ experiment; Finite element simulation, lattice curvature, rocking curve

Online: 10 September 2018 (16:12:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0481.v1

Minimizing Errors in RT-PCR Detection and Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for Wastewater Surveillance

Warish Ahmed, Stuart Simpson, Paul Bertsch, Kyle Bibby, Aaron Bivins, Linda Blackall, Silvia Bofill-Mas, Albert Bosch, Joao Brandao, Phil Choi, Mark Ciesielski, Erica Donner, Nishita D'Souza, Andreas Farnleitner, Daniel Gerrity, Raul Gonzalez, John Griffith, Pradip Gyawali, Charles Haas, Kerry Hamilton, Chanditha Hapuarachchi, Valerie Harwood, Rehnuma Haque, Greg Jackson, Stuart Khan, Wesaal Khan, Masaaki Kitajima, Asja Korajkic, Giuseppina La Rosa, Blythe Layton, Erin Lipp, Sandra McLellan, Brian McMinn, Gertjan Medema, Suzanne Metcalfe, Wim Meijer, Jochen Mueller, Heather Murphy, Colleen Naughton, Rachel Noble, Sudhi Payyappat, Susan Petterson, Tarja Pitkanen, Veronica Rajal, Brandon Reyneke, Fernando Roman, Joan Rose, Marta Rusinol, Michael Sadowsky, Laura Sala-Comorera, Yin Xiang Setoh, Samendra Sherchan, Kwanrawee Sirikanchana, Wendy Smith, Joshua Steele, Rosalie Sabburg, Erin Symonds, Phong Thai, Kevin Thomas, Josh Tynan, Simon Toze, Janelle Thompson, Andy Whiteley, Judith Wong, Daisuke Sano, Stefan Wuertz, Irene Xagoraraki, Qian Zhang, Amity Zimmer-Faust, Orin Shanks

Subject: Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater; Surveillance; False-positive; False-negative; RT-PCR

Online: 19 April 2021 (13:08:13 CEST)

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Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective, resource-efficient tool for gathering additional community-level public health information, including the incidence and/or prevalence and trends of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater may provide an early-warning signal of COVID-19 infections in a community. The capacity of the world’s environmental microbiology and virology laboratories for SARS-CoV-2 RNA characterization in wastewater is rapidly increasing. However, there are no standardized protocols nor harmonized quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance. This paper is a technical review of factors that can lead to false-positive and -negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, culminating in recommendations and strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate these errors. Recommendations include, stringent QA/QC measures, representative sampling approaches, effective virus concentration and efficient RNA extraction, amplification inhibition assessment, inclusion of sample processing controls, and considerations for RT-PCR assay selection and data interpretation. Clear data interpretation guidelines (e.g., determination of positive and negative samples) are critical, particularly during a low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. Corrective and confirmatory actions must be in place for inconclusive and/or potentially significant results (e.g., initial onset or reemergence of COVID-19 in a community). It will also be prudent to perform inter-laboratory comparisons to ensure results are reliable and interpretable for ongoing and retrospective analyses. The strategies that are recommended in this review aim to improve SARS-CoV-2 characterization for wastewater surveillance applications. A silver lining of the COVID-19 pandemic is that the efficacy of wastewater surveillance was demonstrated during this global crisis. In the future, wastewater will play an important role in the surveillance of a range of other communicable diseases.

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