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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0560.v1

Microbial Diversity Based on Multifractal Analysis of Metagenomes

Xianhua Xie, Yuanlin Ma, Zuguo Yu, Guosheng Han

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: diversity index; multifractal; metagenome; gut mtagenome

Online: 26 July 2021 (10:04:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0851.v1

Impacts of Combined Exposure to Glyphosate and Diquat on Microbial Community Structure and Diversity in a Lateritic Paddy Soil

Xiaoyu He, Chunyuan Wu, Huadong Tan, Xiao Deng, Yi Li

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Herbicides; mixed toxicity; microbial diversity; microbial community structure

Online: 24 April 2023 (10:49:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0826.v1

SSR Based Genetic Diversity Analysis and Population Structure of Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) in Kazakhstan

Meisam Zargar, Elmira Dyussibayeva, Aidyn Orazov, Aiym Zeinullina, Irina Zhirnova, Gulzat Yessenbekova, Aiman Rysbekova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: proso millet collection; genetic diversity; SSR markers; agronomic traits

Online: 13 September 2023 (10:37:54 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0275.v3

Diversity of the Japanese Gut Microbiome Analysis: Relative Approach Using Principal Component Analysis

Tatsuki Itagaki, Ken-ichiro Sakata, Akira Hasebe, Yoshimasa Kitagawa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: gut microbiome; compositional data; principal component analysis; unsupervised machine learning; diversity

Online: 11 March 2024 (16:59:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0321.v1

Whole Genome Diversity, Population Structure and Linkage Disequilibrium Analysis of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes Using Genome-Wide DArTseq-Based SNP Markers

Somayeh Farahani, Mojdeh Maleki, Rahim Mehrabi, Homayoun Kanouni, Reza Talebi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: chickpea; genetic diversity; linkage disequilibrium; DArTseq-SNP markers

Online: 29 April 2019 (07:56:52 CEST)

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Characterization of genetic diversity, population structure and linkage disequilibrium is prerequisite for proper management of breeding programs and conservation of genetic resources. In this study, 186 chickpea genotypes including advanced “Kabuli” breeding lines and Iranian landrace “Desi” chickpea genotypes were genotyped using DArTseq-Based SNP markers. Out of 3339 SNPs, 1152 markers with known chromosomal position were selected for genome diversity analysis. The number of mapped SNP markers varied from 52 (LG8) to 378 (LG4), with an average of 144 SNPs per linkage group. The chromosome size that covered by SNPs varied from 16236.36 kbp (LG8) to 67923.99 kbp (LG5), while LG4 showed higher number of SNPs, with an average of 6.56 SNPs per Mbp. Polymorphism information content (PIC) value of SNP markers ranged from 0.05 to 0.50, with an average of 0.32, while the markers on LG4, LG6 and LG8 showed higher mean PIC value than average. Un-weighted Neighbor Joining cluster analysis and Bayesian-based model population structure grouped chickpea genotypes into four distinct clusters. Principal component analysis (PCoA) and Discriminant Analysis of Principal Component (DAPC) results were consistent with that of the cluster and population structure analysis. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) was extensive and LD decay in chickpea germplasm was relatively low. A few markers showed r²≥0.8, while 2961 pairs of markers showed complete LD (r²=1) and a huge LD block was observed on LG4. High genetic diversity and low kinship value between pairs of genotypes suggesting the presence of a high genetic diversity among studied chickpea genotypes. This study also demonstrated the efficiency of DArTseq-based SNP genotyping for large scale genome analysis in chickpea. The genotypic markers provided in this study are useful for various association mapping studies when combined with phenotypic data of different traits such as seed yield, abiotic and biotic stresses and therefore can be efficiently used in breeding programs to improve chickpea.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0614.v1

Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of Ajuga Arabica in Saudi Arabia: A Comparative Analysis of DNA and Gene Sequences

Mohammad Odah

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Ajuga arabica, Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, DNA Sequence, Gene Sequence.

Online: 11 March 2024 (11:02:33 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0157.v1

Investigating Gender-Specific Discourse about Online Learning during COVID-19 on Twitter using Sentiment Analysis, Subjectivity Analysis, and Toxicity Analysis

Nirmalya Thakur, Shuqi Cui, Karam Khanna, Victoria Knieling, Yuvraj Nihal Duggal, Mingchen Shao

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: online learning; COVID-19; Twitter; Data Analysis; Natural Language Processing; Sentiment Analysis; Subjectivity Analysis; Toxicity Analysis; Diversity Analysis

Online: 3 October 2023 (12:59:21 CEST)

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The work presented in this paper presents several novel findings from a comprehensive analysis of about 50,000 Tweets about online learning during COVID-19, posted on Twitter between November 9, 2021, and July 13, 2022. First, the results of sentiment analysis from VADER, Afinn, and TextBlob show that a higher percentage of these tweets were positive. The results of gender-specific sentiment analysis indicate that for positive tweets, negative tweets, and neutral tweets, between males and females, males posted a higher percentage of the tweets. Second, the results from subjectivity analysis show that the percentage of least opinionated, neutral opinionated, and highly opinionated tweets were 56.568%, 30.898%, and 12.534%, respectively. The gender-specific results for subjectivity analysis indicate that for each subjectivity class, males posted a higher percentage of tweets as compared to females. Third, toxicity detection was performed on the tweets to detect different categories of toxic content - toxicity, obscene, identity attack, insult, threat, and sexually explicit. The gender-specific analysis of the percentage of tweets posted by each gender in each of these categories revealed several novel insights. For instance, for the sexually explicit category, females posted a higher percentage of tweets as compared to males. Fourth, gender-specific tweeting patterns for each of these categories of toxic content were analyzed to understand the trends of the same. The results unraveled multiple paradigms of tweeting behavior, for instance, the intensity of obscene content in tweets about online learning by males and females has decreased since May 2022. Fifth, the average activity of males and females per month was calculated. The findings indicate that the average activity of females has been higher in all months as compared to males other than March 2022. Finally, country-specific tweeting patterns of males and females were also performed which presented multiple novel insights, for instance, in India a higher percentage of the tweets about online learning during COVID-19 were posted by males as compared to females.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0397.v1

Simple Method for Assessing Diversity and Dynamics of Microbial Community: Comparison of Dairy Phages from Industrial and Spontaneous Fermentation

Agnieszka Olejnik-Schmidt, Bernadeta Pietrzak, Iwona Kawacka, Klaudia Malak, Weronika Wawrzyniak, Marcin Schmidt

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: phage; dairy; Lactococcus; diversity; community

Online: 19 August 2021 (10:30:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0016.v1

Species Diversity and Community Structure of Macrobenthos in the Cosmonaut Sea, East Antarctica

Jianfeng Mou, Kun Liu, Yaqin Huang, Junhui Lin, Xuebao He, Shuyi Zhang, Dong Li, Yongcan Zu, Zhihua Chen, Sujing Fu, Heshan Lin, Wenhua Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: macrobenthos; species diversity; community structure; Cosmonaut Se; Environmental factors

Online: 1 November 2023 (04:33:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1305.v1

Dynamics in soil microbial community during forest succession depend on soil properties in the karst region of Southwest China

Qin Peng, Min Song, Feng Wang, Hu Du, Tong Qing Song, Hui Jun Chen, Fu Ping Zeng, Wan Xia Peng

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: Soil microbial community; Diversity; Occurrence; Succession; Karst forest

Online: 17 January 2024 (15:53:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0945.v1

Metataxonomic Analysis of Bacterial Diversity in Pigeon Pea after Soaking in Water

Yuni Sine, Donny Widianto, Yekti Asih Purwestri, Byong H. Lee, Widodo Widodo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: pigeon pea; bacterial diversity; metataxonomic analysis

Online: 16 October 2023 (13:15:21 CEST)

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: With the increase in demand for non-dairy starter cultures and probiotic bacteria as carriers, the use of legumes (also called pulses) as an alternative has gained momentum. In this study, we investigated the diversity of bacterial communities in samples of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) soaked in water for 12 h and 24 h. We soaked 500 g of pigeon pea in sterile distilled water at room temperature (± 25 °C) for 12 h and 24 h; 10 mL of the soaking water was then collected to measure the bacterial diversity using a metataxonomic analysis. The V1–V9 regions on the 16S ribosomal RNA gene were amplified using 27F and 1492R primers under specific polymerase chain reaction conditions for the bacterial identification. Genomic DNA (130 ng) was sequenced on a R9.4 flow cell by Oxford Nanopore Technologies using a GridION sequencer. Library preparations were initiated using a Native Barcoding Kit 24 V14 (SQK-NBD114.24). Primary data were acquired using MinKNOW version 22.05.7. A total of 13 bacterial families and 89 genera were identified in the pigeon pea sample soaked for 12 h; 26 families and 90 genera were identified in the pigeon pea sample soaked for 24 h. Among the bacterial families identified, the five predominant families in both samples were Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae, Yersiniaceae, Pectobacteriaceae, and Lactobacillaceae. According to the relative abundance of the identified bacterial genera, the following nine genera were predominant in both samples: Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Pantoea, Kosakonia, Pseudoenterobacter, Pluralibacter, Leclercia, and Kluyvera. At a genus level, a slight increase in the abundance of Klebsiella, Kosakonia, and Pluralibacter and a slight decrease in the abundance of Citrobacter were observed after prolonged incubation from 12 h to 24 h. The values of five diversity indices revealed that the sample soaked in water for 24 h had a richer bacterial abundance and diversity than the 12 h sample. Shannon and Simpson values revealed a higher bacterial diversity in the sample collected at 24 h than the sample collected at 12 h. Species observations and abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) values demonstrated that the sample collected at 24 h harbored a higher bacterial richness than the sample collected at 12 h. These findings indicated that the bacterial diversity in the pigeon pea samples increased with the soaking time. The bacterial communities during the soaking of the pigeon pea samples were dominated by the Enterobacteriaceae family and Enterobacter genus. The presence of bacterial genera such as Lacticaseibacillus, Lentilactobacillus, and Secundilactobacillus was notable because of their importance as starter cultures for fermented plant-based milk products, including pigeon pea beverages for lactose-intolerant individuals or individuals with malnutrition.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0406.v1

The Influence of Rhizosphere Fungal Diversity and Complex Community Structure to Wheat Root Rot Disease

Xuejiang Zhang, Heyun Wang, Gavin Ash, Dazhao Yu, Hua Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Rhizosphere; Fungal diversity; Community structure; Wheat root rot disease

Online: 31 December 2019 (10:20:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0090.v1

High-throughput Sequencing Analysis of the Actinobacterial Apatial Diversity in Moonmilk Deposits

Marta Maciejewska, Magdalena Calusinska, Luc Cornet, Delphine Adam, Igor Pessi, Sandrine Malchair, Philippe Delfosse, Denis Baurain, Hazel Barton, Monique Carnol, Sébastien Rigali

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: antibiotics; geomicrobiology; Illumina sequencing; microbiome diversity; Streptomyces; Cave microbiology

Online: 12 February 2018 (16:30:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0149.v1

Spatial Pattern Dynamics Analysis at Coastal Area Using Spatial Metric in Pekalongan, Indonesia

Ali Wijaya, Cahyono Susetyo, Azillatin Qisthian Diny, Danika Hudani Nabila, Rahel Putri Pamungkas, Mohammad Hadikunnuha, Nursakti Adhi Pratomoatmojo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Spatial Pattern; Land Use; Spatial Metric; Aggregation; Diversity

Online: 19 May 2017 (16:21:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0145.v1

Spatial Pattern Dynamics Analysis in Coastal Area Using Spatial Metric in Pekalongan, Indonesia

Ali Wijaya, Cahyono Susetyo, Azillatin Q. Diny, Danika H. Nabila, Rahel P. Pamungkas, Mohammad Hadikunnuha, Nursakti A. Pratomoatmojo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: spatial pattern; land use; spatial metric; aggregation; diversity

Online: 19 May 2017 (08:43:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0561.v2

Genomic and Phenotypic Analysis of Salmonella enterica Bacteriophages Identifies Two Novel Phage Species

Sudhakar Bhandare, Opeyemi U. Lawal, Anna Colavecchio, Brigitte Cadieux, Yella Zahirovich-Jovich, Zeyan Zhong, Elizabeth Tompkins, Margot Amitrano, Irena Kukavica-Ibrulj, Brian Boyle, Siyun Wang, Roger C. Levesque, Pascal Delaquis, Michelle Danyluk, Lawrence Goodridge

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Salmonella; bacteriophage; diversity; host specificity; comparative phylogenomics; food safety.

Online: 13 March 2024 (14:07:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1578.v1

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Guangxi Kumquat (Fortunella Swing) Germplasm Using SRAP Molecular Markers

Binghao Liu, Ping Ding, Rongchun Ye, Yi Li, Shanhan Ou, Alessandra Gentile, Xianfeng Ma, Ziiu Deng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: Guangxi kumquat; Germplasm resources; Diversity; SRAP markers; Genetic analysis

Online: 23 May 2023 (05:06:39 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0879.v1

Glucosinolate Diversity Analysis in Choy sum (Brassica rapa subsp chinensis var parachinensis) Germplasms for Functional Foods Breeding

Seong-Hoon Kim, Parthiban Subramanian, Bum-Soo Hahn

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: glucosinolate; germplasm; breeding; anticancer; genebank; diversity

Online: 12 May 2023 (04:27:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1646.v1

Whole Exome Sequencing and Analysis of T Cell Receptor β & γ Repertoires in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Jooyoung Cho, Juwon Kim, Ju Sun Song, Young Uh, Jong-Han Lee, Hyang Sun Lee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: whole exome sequencing; T cell receptor repertoire; diversity; rheumatoid arthritis

Online: 23 January 2024 (06:46:19 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0099.v1

A Science Mapping Analysis of Sixty-Seven Years of Scientific Evolution about the Transgender Population

Mariluza Sott Bender, Michele Kremer Sott, Vitória Merten Fernandes, Mikaela Aline Bade München, Isadora Ferretti Gonçalves, Silvia Virginia Coutinho Areosa, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: transgender; nonbinary; transsexual; queer; gender diversity; gender identity disorder; bibliometrics; science mapping

Online: 5 July 2021 (12:48:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0419.v1

Enhancing Tree Health through Improved Microbial Biodiversity in Soil

Vinesh Prasad, Daniel Cole

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: soil health; mirobilogy; diversity; tree health

Online: 8 October 2023 (04:33:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1722.v1

Evaluation of the Viral Diversity of Artemia Cysts from Saline Lakes of Kazakhstan through Viral Metagenomics Analysis

Marat Kumar, Kobey Karamendin, Zhanara Mazhibaeva, Yermukhammet Kassymbekov, Temirlan Sabyrzhan, Kuanysh Isbekov, Saule Assylbekova, Aidyn Kydyrmanov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Artemia (brine shrimp); artemia cysts; metagenomics analysis; viral diversity; saline lakes

Online: 24 August 2023 (07:18:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0018.v2

Comparing Measures of Community Lineage Diversity across North American Forests

Kyle G. Dexter, Ricardo A. Segovia, Andy Griffiths

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: temperate forests; species richness; lineage diversity; phylogenetic diversity; United States; trees; TILD

Online: 13 February 2019 (10:15:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1256.v1

Biodiversity Conservation in Xishuangbanna, China: Diversity Analysis of Traditional Knowledge Related to Biodiversity and Conservation Progress, Achievements Evaluation

Qing Huang, Yinzhi Kuang, Hao Zhou, Xunqi Li, Lun Yin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: biodiversity conservation; traditional knowledge; diversity index of traditional knowledge; progress; achievements

Online: 21 March 2024 (12:49:30 CET)

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Biodiversity plays an important role in maintaining the ecological balance of the earth. The study of traditional knowledge related to biological resources is a hot issue in the field of international biodiversity conservation. Xishuangbanna is a key area of biodiversity and a cultural hotspot of international significance. According to the Technical Regulation for Classification, Investigation, and Inventory of Traditional Knowledge Relating to Biological Diversity issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, we investigated and catalogued the traditional knowledge related to biodiversity of the Jino people who have lived in Xishuangbanna for generations, and collected 490 entries of traditional knowledge related to biodiversity of the Jino people. Drawing on the traditional knowledge diversity index calculation method proposed by Wang Guoping, the overall traditional knowledge α-diversity index of the Jino people is 0.63, indicating that the richness of the traditional knowledge of the Jinuo people is relatively high. The traditional culture related to biodiversity, the traditional knowledge related to agricultural genetic resources, and the traditional technology related to the sustainable utilization of biological resources are relatively rich and diverse. The diversity index is 0.86, 0.82 and 0.79 respectively. In addition, Xishuangbanna has invested a lot of energy in biodiversity protection, including the establishment of nature reserves, botanical gardens, zoos, ecological tea gardens and other species reserves, the promulgation of laws and policies related to biodiversity protection, and has achieved remarkable results in in-situ protection and ex-situ protection. On the basis of analyzing the progress and achievements of biodiversity conservation in Xishuangbanna, this study points out that Xishuangbanna faces challenges such as the loss of traditional knowledge, insufficient conservation efforts, and great changes in land use, and puts forward corresponding suggestions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0186.v1

Fungi in Microbial Culture Collections and Their Metabolites

Alexander Vasilenko, Natalya Ivanushkina, Galina Kochkina, Svetlana Ozerskaya

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: collections of microorganisms; data bases; fungal diversity; metabolites

Online: 13 May 2022 (09:42:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0115.v1

Effects of Mancozeb on Citrus Rhizosphere Bacterial Community

Zhendong Huang, Peng Wang, Zhanxu Pu, Lianming Lu, Guoqing Chen, Xiurong Hu, Amna Fayyaz, Yunpeng Gai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: citrus; root rhizosphere; mancozeb; bacteria community; diversity

Online: 7 March 2020 (03:12:53 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Adequacy Among an Older Spanish Population with Metabolic Syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus Study: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Naomi Cano-Ibáñez, Alfredo Gea, Miguel A. Martínez-González, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Dolores Corella, M. Dolors Zomeño, Dora Romaguera, Jesús Vioque, Fernando Aros, Julia Wärnberg, J. Alfredo Martínez, Lluis Serra-Majem, Ramón Estruch, Francisco Tinahones, José Lapetra, Xavier Pintó, Josep A. Tur, Antonio García-Ríos, Blanca Riquelme-Gallego, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez, Pilar Matía, Lidia Daimiel, Vicente Martín, Josep Vidal, Clotilde Vázquez, Emilio Ros, Pilar Buil-Cosiales, Andrés Díaz-López, Rebeca Fernández-Carrión, Montserrat Fitó, Jadwiga Konieczna, Leyre Notario-Barandiaran, Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez, Eugenio Contreras-Fernández, Itziar Abete, Almudena Sánchez-Villegas, Rosa Casas, Araceli Muñoz-Garach, José Manuel Santos-Lozano, Laura Gallardo-Alfaro, Josep Basora, Olga Portoles, Miguel Ángel Muñoz, Manuel Moñino, Salvador Miralles Gisbert, Anai Moreno Rodríguez, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Antoni Palau Galindo, Karla Alejandra Pérez-Vega, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Dietary diversity; nutrient adequacy; metabolic syndrome; aging; PREDIMED-Plus study

Online: 18 March 2019 (09:25:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0623.v1

Genome Analysis of Epsilon Crass-like Phages Revealed That Some of Them Can Be Temperate Phages Encoding Atypical Diversity-Generating Retroelements

Igor V. Babkin, Artem Y. Tikunov, Ivan K. Baykov, Vera V. Morozova, Nina V. Tikunova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: crAss-like phages; genome sequence; diversity-generating retroelements; temperate phages; phylogenetics; virus taxonomy; 3D modeling

Online: 8 December 2023 (13:28:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0593.v1

Integrated Cultivation Practices Improves Soil Microbial Diversity by Changing Soil Properties of Paddy Soil

Xiaohong Guo, Yue Hu, Chuanxing Zheng, Yukun Guo, Yanfei Zhang, Hongyu Li, Yandong Lv

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: rice; integrated cultivation practices; microbial diversity; environmental factors

Online: 11 September 2023 (05:07:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0283.v1

Geomorphology and Altitude Effects on Diversity and Structure of Vanishing Montane Forest of Southern Ecuador

Omar Cabrera, Angel Benítez, Nixon Cumbicus, Carlos Naranjo, Pablo Ramón, Fani Tinitana, Adrián Escudero

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: alpha diversity; beta diversity; floristic arrangement; geological landscapes; geomorphology; Ecuador; mountain forests

Online: 15 October 2018 (06:19:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0666.v1

Metagenomic Characterization of the Viral Community of the South Scotia Ridge

Qingwei Yang, Chen Gao, Jiang Yong, Ming Wang, Xinhao Zhou, Hongbing Shao, Zheng Gong, Andrew McMinn

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: virus; South Scotia Ridge; viral community; diversity; Pgvv-like

Online: 29 October 2018 (09:43:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0308.v1

Effects of Different Feeding Patterns on the Rumen Bacterial Community of Tan Lambs, based on High-Throughput Sequencing of 16S rDNA Amplicons

Lili Zhang, Yanliang Bi, Jie Zhang, Zilin Fu, Xiaofeng Xu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Alpha diversity; Beta diversity; Mutton quality; Pasture-fed; Pen-fed; Tan lambs

Online: 13 April 2023 (08:01:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0462.v1

Structure of a Metacommunity of Urban Bees: Species Diversity and Spatio-temporal Modularity

Yoko L. Dupont, Henning Bang Madsen, Mette Balslev Greve, Claus Rasmussen, Jens M. Olesen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Apis; beta diversity; city; nestedness; network; pollinator

Online: 26 December 2022 (02:50:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0049.v1

Carnivorous Waterbirds Community Composition and Diversity in Freshwater Tributaries of Zambezi River, Namibia

Lucas Pius Rutina, Evans Simasiku, Joseph Musonda Kabanze

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Waterbirds; Zambezi River; Sikunga channel; Fish protected areas; functional Diversity

Online: 1 August 2023 (08:30:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0158.v1

Difference in Rhizosphere Soil Bacterial Community was among Six Cinnamomum camphora Chemotypes

Zufei Xiao, Beihong Zhang, Yangbao Wang, Zhinong Jin, Feng Li, Ji Peng, Jiang Rui

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: Cinnamomum camphora; chemotype; soil nutrient; soil bacterial community diversity and structure

Online: 8 November 2021 (15:20:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0787.v1

A Highly Homogeneous Airborne Fungal Community Around a Copper Open-Pit Mine Reveals a Poor Contribution by the Local Aerosolization of Particles

Sebastián Fuentes-Alburquenque, Victoria Olivencia Suez, Omayra Aguilera, Blanca Águila, Luis Rojas Araya, Dinka Mandakovic

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: microbial community; diversity; air; fungi; bioaerosol

Online: 11 April 2024 (08:03:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0465.v1

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of a Rhodes Grass (Chloris gayana) Collection

Alemayehu Teressa Negawo, Meki S. Muktar, Yilikal Assefa, Jean Hanson, Alieu M. Sartie, Ermias Habte, Chris S. Jones

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: DArTSeq markers; genetic diversity; Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana); subset

Online: 20 May 2021 (09:46:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0875.v1

Intestinal Bacteria Community Structures of Ruditapes philippinarum and Their Correlation with Environmental Factors

Chenyang Zhao, Xinyan Zhao, Jiaxi Li, Yingxu Chen, Shang Liu, Lei Fang, Zhongming Huo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Ruditapes philippinarum; environmental factors; diversity analysis；microbial community structure analysis；redundancy analysis

Online: 15 March 2024 (15:00:11 CET)

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The intestinal microbial community of aquatic animals is closely related to the environment and thus affects the health of aquatic animals. Here we investigated annual variation of intestinal bacteria community structures of Ruditapes philippinarum cultured using two different methods, bottom sown and raft hanging. Bacterial diversity of seawater and sediment in different seasons was examined as well. Correlation between R. philippinarum intestinal bacteria community structures and environmental factors was analyzed. The results showed that in the two aquculture areas where R. philippinarum was differentially cultured, bacteria community structure of seawater and sediment both altered with seasons. However, neither seasonal changes nor difference in culture methods could significantly affect the intestinal bacteria community structures of R. philippinarum. Additionally, in terms of the alpha diversity of intestinal bacteria communities, there was no significant difference in R. philippinarum cultured using the two methods. For benthic cultured clams, alpha diversity of the intestinal bacterial communities was often higher than that of the environmental bacterial communities. For raft hanging cultured calms, Alpha diversity of the intestinal bacterial communities was normally comparable with that of the environmental counterparts. Beta diversity analysis showed that the intestinal bacterial community structure of R. philippinarum was mainly determined by both deterministic and stochastic processes. Correlation analysis showed that the intestinal bacterial community structures of R. philippinarum were determined by a variety of environmental factors. For clams collected from the benthic culture area, the intestinal bacterial structure was more correlated with the physicochemical properties of sediment in comparing with those of seawater. For clams collected from the raft-culture area, the intestinal bacterial structure was mainly determined by the phsicochemical characteristics of seawater. This study helps us to better understand the bacterial community structure in complex aquaculture ecosystems, providing a reference for healthy shellfish aquaculture and ecosystem protection in aquaculture area.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0102.v1

Density and Bleaching of Corals and Their Relationship to the Coral Symbiotic Community

Temir A. Britayev¹, Roman A. Petrochenko, Yulia Burmistrova, Thanh Hai Nguyen, Fedor V. Lishchenko

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Symbionts Pocillopora verrucose; Diversity; Species richness; Abundance; Obligate sym-biont; Facultative symbiont

Online: 6 March 2023 (10:08:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2067.v1

Metagenomic Insights Reveal the Microbial Diversity and Associated Algal Polysaccharide-Degrading Enzymes on the Surface of Red Algae among Remote Regions

Xiaoqian Gu, Zhe Cao, Luying Zhao, Dewi Seswita-Zilda, Qian Zhang, Liping Fu, Jiang Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Metagenomics; red algae; microbial diversity; algal-polysaccharide-degrading enzymes

Online: 30 May 2023 (07:33:37 CEST)

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Macroalgae and macroalgae-associated bacteria together constitute the most efficient metabolic cycling system in the ocean. Their interactions, especially the responses of macroalgae-associated bacteria communities to algae in different geographical locations, is mostly unknown. In this study, metagenomics was used to analyze the microbial diversity and associated algal polysaccharide-degrading enzymes on the surface of red algae among three remote regions. There were significant differences in the macroalgae-associated bacteria community composition and diversity among the different regions. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria had a significantly high relative abundance among the regions. From the perspective of species diversity, samples from China had the highest macroalgae-associated bacteria diversity, followed by those from Antarctica and Indonesia. In addition, in the functional prediction of the bacterial community, genes associated with amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, and membrane transport had a high relative abundance. Canonical correspondence analysis and redundancy analysis of environmental factors showed that, without considering algae species and composition, pH and temperature were the main environmental factors affecting bacterial community structure. Furthermore, there were significant differences in algal polysaccharide-degrading enzymes among the regions. Samples from China and Antarctica had high abundances of algal polysaccharide-degrading enzymes, while those from Indonesia had extremely low abundances. The environmental differences between these three regions may impose a strong geographic differentiation regarding the biodiversity of algal microbiomes and their expressed enzyme genes. This work expands our knowledge of algal microbial ecology, and contributes to an in-depth study of their metabolic characteristics, ecological functions, and applications.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0177.v1

Forest Diversity and Structure in the Amazonian Mountains Ranges of Southeastern Ecuador

Wilson Quizhpe, Angel Benítez, Jesus Muñoz, Klever Cuenca, Hernán Uvidia, Isau Huamantupa, Omar Cabrera

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: alpha diversity; canonical correspondence; NMDS; Sandstones Forests; Terra firme Forests

Online: 17 September 2019 (03:48:02 CEST)

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1) Background: We analyzed the size structure, richness and diversity in eight permanent forest plots in the upper limit of the great Amazon basin located in the Ecuadorian parts of Cordilleras del Cóndor and Cutucú. Our hypothesis was that not all the forests of the eastern mountain ranges are homogeneous in characteristics, but rather present differences in their structure, richness and floristic diversity. In order to test this, our main objective was to classify the types of forests based on characteristics in diametric structure and species composition of the Amazonian forests of the eastern cordilleras in southern Ecuador, and also to determine the influence of critical edaphic-environmental and geomorphological factors. 2) Methods: Eight one-hectare permanent plots were installed in homogeneous and well-conserved forest stands. Four plots were located in the province of Zamora Chinchipe and four in the province of Morona Santiago. We identified and measured all trees> 10 cm at diameter breast height. For each plot, soil samples were taken, along with environmental and slope data. The multidimensional non-metric adjusted scaling (NMDS) was used to evaluate changes in climatic and geomorphological gradients. The relationship between the composition of the species at the plot level and the edaphoclimatic variables was tested using a canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Finally, we modeled the change in species diversity (Fisher's alpha) in relation to the climatic gradients, altitudinal and geomorphological using a GLMM. 3) Results: Overall, we identified 517 species belonging to 76 families. We determined the existence of two different types of forest, the first one named Terra Firme, characterized by the presence of a larger number of species and individuals per plot, compared to the second type of forest, called Tepuy or Sandstones forest. Species richness was negatively correlated with soil phosphorus content and pH, mean annual temperature, annual precipitation and altitude. The CCA analysis showed differences in the species composition between the Terra Firme and Sandstone forests. The climatic seasonality and the concentration of cations in the soil influence the diversity of the Amazon forest communities of the southeastern cordilleras. The forests of Terra Firme, which are settled in more stable and nutrient-rich climatic areas, were more diverse. Sandstone forests are poor in nutrients and develop in areas with stronger seasonality

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1562.v1

Mapping and Floristic Diversity of the Nakpadjouak Community Forest, Tami Canton, Togo (West Africa)

Kossi Senyo EHLUI

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Community forest; Floristic diversity; Land use change; Biodiversity hotspot; Tami; Savannah Region; Togo

Online: 23 January 2024 (03:32:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0183.v1

Genetic Structure of Daphnia cucullata SARS, 1862 Native Population in Boreal Lakes

Aija Brakovska, Nataļja Škute

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Cladocera; Daphnia cucullata; genetic diversity; microsatellite-PCR; Boreal biogeographical region lakes

Online: 4 October 2023 (13:07:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0745.v1

Microbial Therapy and Breast Cancer Management: Exploring Mechanisms, Clinical Efficacy, and Integration Within the One Health Approach

Charalampos Filippou, Sophie C. Themistocleous, Giorgos Marangos, Yiannis Panayiotou, Maria Fyrilla, Christina A. Kousparou, Zoi-Dorothea Pana, Constantinos Tsioutis, Elizabeth O. Johnson, Andreas Yiallouris

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Microbiome; Breast Cancer; Microbial diversity; Microbiota-based cancer therapies; One Health; Microbiome immunomodulation

Online: 13 November 2023 (14:14:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0239.v1

An Appropriate Amount of OptiCell Benefits the Microbial Diversity and Gut Health of Chickens

Linyue Hou, Baosheng Sun, Yu Yang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: OptiCell; microbial diversity; gut microbiota; gut health; free-range chickens; caged chickens; SCFA; mucus layer; welfare

Online: 18 December 2019 (05:25:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0942.v1

Population Genetic Structure of a Viviparous Sand Lizard, the Phrynocephalus forsythii in the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang of China

Jiabao Duan, Luoxue Jiang, Tianying Chen, Wen Zhong, Wei Zhao, Yue Qi, Penghui Guo, You Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Phrynocephalus forsythii; microsatellite; genetic diversity; population structure

Online: 14 November 2023 (15:25:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0162.v1

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Capirona (Calycophyllum spruceanum Benth.) from the Peruvian Amazon Assessed by RAPD Markers

Carla Saldaña, Johan Cancan, Wilbert Cruz, Mirian Correa, Miriam Ramos, Eloy Cuellar, Carlos Arbizu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Amazon forest; capirona; molecular markers; genetic diversity; population structure

Online: 7 June 2021 (10:06:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0047.v1

Genetic Structure and Eco-Geographical Differentiation of Wild Sheep Fescue (Festuca ovina L.) in Xinjiang, Northwest China

Chenglin Zhang, Jianbo Zhang, Yan Fan, Ming Sun, Wendan Wu, Wenda Zhao, Xiaopeng Yang, Linkai Huang, Yan Peng, Xiao Ma, Xinquan Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Festuca ovina L.; AFLP, genetic diversity; genetic barriers; environmental factors

Online: 18 July 2017 (10:05:56 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

The Influence of Transplanted Trees on Soil Microbial Diversity in Areas Affected by Coal Mining Subsidence of the Loess Plateau in China

Yangnan Guo, Xianghong Liu, Borjigin Tsolmon, Jin Chen, Wei Wei, Shaogang Lei, Junzhe Yang, Yuying Bao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: transplanted trees; soil microbe diversity; coal mining subsidence areas; the loess plateau

Online: 23 September 2019 (00:44:51 CEST)

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Soil microbial diversity in areas affected by coal mining subsidence is closely associated with vegetation restoration. In this study, we compared the diversity of soil bacteria and fungi under different vegetation restoration modes in the subsidized Daliuta coal mining region in western China. The dominant bacteria, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria, were found at abundances of 29.43–34.68%, 15.87–24.75%, 13.09–19%, and 12.06–15.36%, respectively. The dominant fungi, Ascomycetes and Zygomycetes, had abundances of 23.96–71.08% and 10.42–56.26%, respectively. The diversity indices (Sobs, Shannon, and Chao1) of the rhizosphere soil bacteria and fungi were significantly lower in the primary Stipa breviflora phytocommunity than in the phytocommunities of transplanted trees. Among physicochemical soil parameters, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), water content (WC), and pH affected soil bacterial diversity, and available phosphorus (AP) and TN affected bacterial community structure the most. Furthermore, WC affected soil fungal diversity, whereas TP and TN mostly affected the fungal community structure. However, edaphic factors did not uniformly affect all microbial groups. Although TN, WC, and AP significantly influenced the species richness of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria (p<0.05), TP was significantly negatively correlated with species richness in Acomycota, Basidiomycota, and Zygomycota (p<0.05). However, TN influenced the species richness of Zygomycota (p<0.05) . Furthermore, we found that the rhizosphere microbial diversity of the CK phytocommunity differed from that of the transplanted tree communities in the study area; i.e., the transplanted trees promoted soil microbial diversity in phytocommunities, and moreover, different edaphic factors varied in their effect on the community composition of rhizosphere bacteria and fungi. We will continue to monitor the soil microbial diversity in the study area with the goal to provide guidance for environmental remediation of areas affected by coal mining subsidence.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1134.v1

Investigating Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Rice Breeding from Association Mapping of 116 Accessions Using 64 Polymorphic SSR Markers

Alok kumar Singh, Devendra Kumar, Donato Gemmati, Ranjith Kumar Ellur, Ashutosh Singh, Veronica Tisato, D.K. Dwivedi, Sanjay Kumar Singh, Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni, Nawaz Ahmad Khan, Ajay Vikram Singh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Rice; Population structure; Genetic diversity; PIC; Association mapping; Variability

Online: 20 March 2024 (04:45:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0010.v1

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of the Invasive Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Burkina Faso

Nouhoun Traoré, Mahamadi Kientega, Hamidou Maïga, Karim Nebié, Issaka Zida, Roberto Galizi, Emmanuel Kiendrebeogo, Bazoumana BD Sow, Adrien M. G. Belem, Remy A. Dabiré, Abdoulaye Diabaté

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: genetic diversity; genetic structure; microsatellite markers; Bactrocera dorsalis; Burkina Faso

Online: 1 March 2024 (07:57:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0494.v1

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Anopheles funestus in western Kenya Based on Mitochondrial DNA Marker mtDNA-COII

Isaiah Debrah, Kevin O. Ochwedo, Wilfred O. Otambo, Maxwell G. Machani, Edwin O. Magomere, Shirley A. Onyango, Daibin Zhong, Linda Eva Amoah, Andrew Karanja Githeko, Yaw Asare Afrane, Guiyun Yan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Anopheles funestus; western Kenya; mtDNA-COII; genetic diversity; gene flow

Online: 27 January 2023 (06:46:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0289.v1

Woody Species Diversity, Structure, and Management of Parkland Agroforestry along Agroecology: The Case of Tembaro Special District, Central Ethiopia

Ermias Beyene, Dejene Laemancho, Belayneh Bufebo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: Agroecology; Diversity indices; Parkland agroforestry; Regeneration; Tree management; Woody species

Online: 5 February 2024 (15:38:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0354.v1

Trichoderma: Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of Species with High Potential for Biocontrol and Biofertilizer Applications

Adnan Ismaiel, Dilip Kumar Lakshman, Prashant P Jambhulkar, Daniel P Roberts

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: biocontrol agent; biofertilizer; sustainable agriculture; Trichoderma species; population structure and genetic diversity

Online: 6 February 2024 (13:15:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0024.v1

Role of Rare Species on Phytoplankton Size-Abundance Relationships and Size-Structure across Different Biogeographical Areas

Maira Laraib, Jessica Titocci, Antonia Giannakourou, Sofia Reizopoulou, Alberto Basset

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: rarity; phytoplankton; taxonomic diversity; morpho-functional traits; size-abundance relationships; transitional waters

Online: 3 January 2024 (06:37:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0857.v1

Comparison of the Gut Microbial Communities of Domestic and Wild Mallards (Anas Platyrhynchos) Based on High-Throughput Sequencing Technology

Yaoyin He, Minghui Zhang, Chuanyin Dai, Lijiang Yu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: mallard (Anas platyrhynchos); gut microbiome; composition and diversity; 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing; potential pathogens

Online: 10 August 2023 (15:02:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0844.v1

Comparison of the Gut Microbial Communities of Domestic and Wild Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) Based on High-Throughput Sequencing Technology

Yaoyin He, Minghui Zhang, Chuanyin Dai, Lijiang Yu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: mallard (Anas platyrhynchos); gut microbiome; composition and diversity; 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing; potential pathogens

Online: 10 August 2023 (10:33:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0220.v1

Tree – Open Grassland Structure and Composition Drive Greenhouse Gas Exchange in Holm Oak Meadows of the Iberian Peninsula

Mercedes Ibañez, María José Leiva, Cristina Chocarro, Salvador Aljazairi, Àngela Ribas, Maria Teresa Sebastià

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: canopy; CH4; CO2; dehesas; diversity-interaction model; N2O; plant functional types

Online: 5 November 2020 (17:53:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0614.v1

Unlocking the Patterns of the Tunisian Durum Wheat Landraces Genetic Structure Based on Phenotypic Characterization in Relation to Farmer’s Vernacular Name

Cyrine Robbana, Zakaria Kehel, Karim Ammar, Carlos Guzmán, M’Barek Ben Naceur, Ahmed Amri

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Durum wheat; Tunisian landraces; genetic diversity; population structure; phenotypic characterization

Online: 29 January 2021 (11:53:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0733.v1

Influence of Farmyard Manure Application on Potential Zinc Solubilizing Microbial Species Abundance in a Ferralsol of Western Kenya

Peter Bolo, Monicah Mucheru-Muna, Romano Mwirichia Kachiuru, Michael Kinyua, George Ayaga, Job Kihara

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Farmyard manure; zinc solubilizing microbes; microbial diversity; microbial abundance; Soil DNA sequencing; agricultural inputs; long-term agronomic management

Online: 12 September 2023 (07:20:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0209.v1

Agronomic Practices, Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Moringa oleifera (Lam.) in Nigeria

Jacob Popoola, David Igwe, Opeyemi Jegede, Victoria Iwu, Adegoke Adegbite, Conrad Omonhinmin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: agronomic practices; agrobiodiversity; aflp; climate change; cluster analysis; genetic diversity; moringa oleifera; food and nutrition security

Online: 18 October 2019 (07:34:50 CEST)

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Evaluation of agronomic practices, genetic diversity and population structure of Moringa oleifera (Lam.) is crucial to its sustainable utilization to ensure food and nutritional security. Four agronomic practices of field preparation and soil analysis, regeneration, weeding and pruning, as well as harvesting, were adopted. Genetic diversity and population structure of 20 populations were evaluated using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer pairs (E-ACC/M-CAC and E-ACA/M-CAG). The effects of agronomic practices on leaf quantity production were evaluated using standard procedures. The physico-chemical and morphological data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while genetic diversity, population structure, dendrogram reconstruction, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were analyzed from the AFLP genetic data. Significant effects (P ≤ 0.05) of agronomic practices on the quantity of leaf production were recorded across the accessions. The two primer pairs generated a total of 80 alleles with a mean major allele frequency of 0.0250. Gene diversity and polymorphic information content (PIC) values were high with a mean of 0.98 and 0.974, respectively. The Gst value of 0.0490 indicated that 5 % of the total genetic divergence was among the population while 95 % within the population. Dendrogram reconstruction with genetic distance ranging from 0.87 to 0.96 segregated the accessions into eleven clusters while PCA generated six cluster groups. Field preparation and physico-chemical soil properties, regeneration, weeding and pruning, and stand development, as well as harvesting, influenced the leaf yield and genetic diversity observed in this study. The genetic data revealed that some accessions were clustered along eco-geographical lines while others grouped disparately. Identified potential parent genotypes with valuable and desirable genetic traits can be exploited for commercial, breeding and conservation purposes to ensure sustainable utilization of the species in Nigeria.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1601.v1

Vegetation Community and Soil Characteristics of Grassland Regulates Space-Scale Dependence of Species Diversity under Different Grazing Management in the Qilian Mountains of China

Liu Lixiang, Han Yongwei, Liu Weiwei, Liu Yuemin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: Grazing exclusion; rest grazing; vegetation community; scale effect; species diversity; soil characteristics

Online: 23 August 2023 (09:21:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0254.v1

Compact vs. Linear: Effects of Forest Structure, Patch Shape and Landscape Configuration on Black Alder Macromoth Communities

Sara La Cava, Margherita Lombardo, Vincenzo Bernardini, Federica Fumo, Giuseppe Rijllo, Rosario Turco, Laura Bevacqua, Giada Zucco, Stefano Scalercio

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Lepidoptera; landscape ecology; riparian forest; Alnus glutinosa; natural park; beta-diversity; South Italy

Online: 3 August 2023 (08:35:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1209.v1

Genetic Characterization and Population Structure of Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolated from Brazilian Patients Using Whole-Genome Sequencing

Leonardo Souza Esteves, Lia Lima Gomes, Daniela Brites, Fátima Cristina Onofre Fandinho, Marcela Bhering, Márcia Aparecida da Silva Pereira, Emilyn Costa Conceição Sharma, Richard Salvato, Bianca Porphirio da Costa, Reginalda Ferreira de Melo Medeiros, Paulo Cesar de Souza Caldas, Paulo Redner, Margareth Pretti Dalcolmo, Vegard Eldholm, Sebastien Gagneux, Maria Lucia Rossetti, Afrânio Lineu Kritski, Philip Noel Suffys

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Drug Resistance; Whole Genome Sequencing; Genetic Diversity; Brazil; Novel Mutations

Online: 18 April 2024 (07:51:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0257.v2

Quantifying Transcriptome Diversity: A Review

Emma Jones, Anisha Haldar, Vishal Oza, Brittany Lasseigne

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Gene expression; transcriptome diversity; transcriptional variation; transcript diversity; isoform-level diversity; gene-level diversity

Online: 13 April 2023 (03:07:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2257.v1

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Central China based on SNP Markers

Aixia Yang, Xiaolei Ding, Yuan Feng, Tingting Chen, Jianren Ye

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: Bursaphelenchus xylophilus; SNP; genetic diversity; population differentiation (List three to ten pertinent keywords specific to the article yet reasonably common within the subject discipline.)

Online: 31 May 2023 (13:23:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0015.v1

A Novel Device-Free Counting Method Based on Channel Status Information

Junhuai Li, Pengjia Tu, Huaijun Wang, Kan Wang, Lei Yu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: wavelet transform; covariance matrix; spatial diversity; frequency diversity; robustness

Online: 1 August 2018 (10:10:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0404.v1

Effects of Land Cover on Taxonomic and Functional Diversity of the Bird Communities in a Subtropical Mountain

Wenwen Zhang, Shengjun Zhao, Xiao Yang, Jing Tian, Ding Chen, Yuan Yu, Jie Shi, Peng Cui, Xue Wang, Chunlin Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Bird community; Functional diversity; Taxonomic diversity; Landscape pattern; Mountain city

Online: 4 January 2024 (11:28:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1956.v1

Building a Teleost Fish Traceability Program Based on Genetic Data from Pacific Panama Fish Markets

Edgardo Enrique Díaz-Ferguson, Magaly Sánchez De Chial, Maribel Arlene González Torres, Edgardo A. Muñoz T., Magister Olga Chen, Ovidio Durán, Angel Javier Vega, Carlos Ramos Delgado

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: COI; teleostei; nucleotide diversity; haplotypic diversity; qPCR; demographic history; environmental DNA

Online: 28 June 2023 (07:37:41 CEST)

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Fish tissue samples from 203 adult individuals were collected in the main ports and markets of the Pacific coast of Panama. Molecular identification based on cytochrome oxidase I gene segment of all species was verified GENBANK reference sequences. 34 species from 14 families (Ariidae, Lutjanidae, Caranjidae, Scianidae, Centropomidae, Serranidae, Scombridae, Sphyraenidae, Haemulidae, Gerreidae, Stromotidae, Lobotidae, Malacanthidae, Mugilidae) were identified at species molecular level from 164 sequences. Also, three Caribbean species were molecularly identified among the analyzed samples (Mycteroperca xenarcha, Paralonchurus brasilensis and Lobotes surinamensis). Species diversity was slightly higher in the Gulf of Panama than in the Gulf of Chiriquí. For species with 5 or more individual sequences, genetic diversity and genetic connectivity parameters such as: total number of haplotypes (H), haplotype diversity (Hd), and nucleotide diversity (π) were calculated. Overall, pelagic-migratory species showed higher values of genetic diversity than coastal and estuarine species with some exceptions. Connectivity between Gulf areas was compared using values of genetic distances and genetic differentiation (Fst). High level of connectivity observed between Gulf of Chiriqui and Gulf of Montijo indicates the existence of a single stock in that area for the following species: Scomberomorus sierra, Caranx caninus and Lutjanus guttatus. Demographic history of the most common species was examined using Tajima’s D values suggesting population expansion for two snapper species, L. peru and L. argentiventris, having significant and higher values. Another important contribution from this research was the production of primers and dual labeled probes for environmental DNA detection using qPCR for the five most abundant species (spotted rose snapper, yellow snapper, green jack, Pacific crevalle jack and the Pacific sierra fish). These markers represent a new set of tools for environmental DNA (eDNA) detection and molecular traceability of three commercially important fish species along the supply chain including landing sites and markets of the main fishery areas.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0328.v1

Assessing the Spatiotemporal Relationship between Coastal Habitats and Fish Assemblages at Two Neotropical Estuaries of the Mexican Pacific

Victor Muro, Felipe Amezcua, Georgina Ramírez-Ortiz, Francisco Flores-de-Santiago, Felipe Amezcua-Linares, Yareli Hernandez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: mangrove forests; Marine Protected Areas; α-diversity; β-diversity; multivariate analyses

Online: 24 June 2022 (03:28:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0038.v1

Responses of Individual Plant Species, Functional Groups, α- and β-Diversity to Short-Term Grazing Exclusion under Severe Drought Episode in Long-Term Grazed Alfa-Steppes

Yacine Kouba, Saifi Merdes, Badreddine Saadali, Haroun Chenchouni

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Mediterranean steppes; drylands; alpha diversity; beta diversity; rangeland grazing; indicator species

Online: 5 January 2020 (15:22:33 CET)

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Grazing exclusion has been proved to be one of the main measures for rehabilitating degraded arid steppes. However, the effect of this management practice on plant species diversity and composition is ambiguous, specially under prolonged droughts. Concurrently considering the responses of individual plant species, diversity of functional groups, α-diversity, and β-diversity (and its components) may be crucial to the holistic understanding of grazing exclusion effects on plant communities under drought conditions. Here, we investigated the response of these diversity measures to short-term sheep exclusion under severe drought episode in arid steppes of Alfa-grass (Stipa tenacissima) with a long evolutionary history of livestock grazing. Individual species responses were tested based on species occurrence and abundance in either grazed or grazing-excluded steppes, in addition, we used indicator species analysis to assess the strength of the association between plant species and management type. Likewise, α-diversity, abundance- and incidence-based β-diversity, as well as the functional groups’ diversities were quantified using Hill Numbers and compared between the two management types. Sheep grazing exclusion enabled the recovery of various Alfa-steppe indicator species and improved the size of regional species pool, overall α-diversity, and the diversity of therophytes. This management practice decreased the abundance-based β-diversity and the nestedness-resultant fraction of the incidence-based β-diversity at the local scale, while at the landscape scale increased the abundance-based β-diversity and its balanced variation fraction and reduced the incidence-based β-diversity and its turnover component. Furthermore, protection from grazing altered β-diversities scaling patterns by maintaining higher balanced variation in species abundance at large spatial scale and greater abundance-gradient in species composition at the fine-scale. Our results suggest that the implementation of short-term grazing exclusion in degraded arid steppes would be the appropriate management practice for vegetation restoration and plant diversity conservation during prolonged drought periods.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0268.v1

Catch Composition, Seasonality and Biological Aspects of Sharks Caught in the Ecuadorian Pacific

Jesús Briones-Mendoza, Diego Mejía, Pol Carrasco-Puig

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: diversity; abundance; cartilaginous fish

Online: 20 June 2022 (10:10:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0050.v1

Diversity and Reassortment Rate of Influenza a Viruses in Wild Ducks and Gulls

Yulia Postnikova, Anastasia Treshchalina, Elizaveta Boravleva, Alexandra Gambaryan, Aydar Ishmukhametov, Mikhail Matrosovich, Ron A.M. Fouchier, Galina Sadykova, Alexei Prilipov, Natalia Lomakina

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Avian influenza; Reassortment; Diversity

Online: 5 May 2021 (12:32:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0010.v1

Biological Hotspot of Ichthyoplankton in the Estuarine Environment Timbulsoko Village, Demak

Hanityo Adi Nugroho, Sutrisno Anggoro, Ita Widowati

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Diversity; Ecology; Fishes; Geoscience

Online: 2 December 2019 (10:38:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0346.v1

Biological Hotspot larva Ikan Diperairan Estuari Desa Timbulsoko, Demak

Hanityo Nugroho, Sutrisno Anggoro , Ita Widowati

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: diversity; ecology; fishes; geoscience

Online: 31 July 2019 (04:40:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0060.v1

Doubling the Accuracy of Indoor Location: Frequency Diversity

Berthold Horn

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: indoor location; fine time measurement; round trip time; FTM; RTT; IEEE 802.11mc; IEEE 802.11-2016; time diversity; spatial diversity; bandwidth diversity; frequency diversity; Bayesian grid; observation model; transition model

Online: 8 January 2020 (04:18:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0103.v1

Microsatellite Sequence Polymorphisms Reveals Substantial Diversity in Caribbean Breadfruit [Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg] Germplasm

Oral O Daley, Angela T Alleyne, Laura B Roberts-Nkrumah, Lambert A Motilal

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Crop germplasm; genetic diversity; nucleotide diversity; nucleotide polymorphism; SSR markers; un-derutilized crop

Online: 2 February 2024 (04:54:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1730.v1

Genetic Diversity of Human Norovirus in Children Less Than 5 Years of Age With Acute Gastroenteritis in Rural Communities in the Gambia

Sheriffo Jagne, M. Jahangir Hossain, Martin Antoni, Abdul Karim Sesay, Muhammed Khalie Abdul, Nuredin I. Mohammed, Madikay Senghore, Alansana Darboe, Jarra Manneh, Abdoulie Kanteh, Dam Khan, Saikou Y Bah, Ndaw Sylvanus Peter, Osbourne Quaye, George Enyimah Armah

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Norovirus genetic diversity genogroups genotypes

Online: 24 January 2024 (10:15:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1390.v1

Evaluation of Wild Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) Ecotypes from Northeastern Türkiye

Gulce Ilhan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: Raspberry; underutilized fruits; characterization; diversity

Online: 19 January 2024 (03:12:32 CET)

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Located between Asia and Europe, Türkiye is very rich in terms of wild edible fruit diversity. One of the most important wild edible fruits in Türkiye is red raspberries and they widely found in cold to warm temperate regions in the country. The wild raspberries in general have red fruit color but yellow fruited genotypes are evident. A total of 11 wild grown red raspberry genotypes sampled in Northern Anatolia region was used in this study and their sensory, biochemical and antioxidant characteristics were determined. For sensory analysis aroma, taste and juiciness were used as the main criteria to compare ecotypes each other. Biochemical and antioxidant characteristics of ecotypes included SSC (Soluble Solid Content), vitamin C, organic acids, total anthocyanins (TA), total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and total antioxidant capacity. FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assay was used to determine antioxidant capacity. There were significant differences among ecotypes for most of the searched parameters even they found similar growing condition. The ecotypes had fruit weight between 1.04 g and 1.33 g, and fruit Chroma value between 26.11 and 33.70. Vitamin C content of ecotypes were quite variable and ranged from 29.3 mg/100 g to 41.4 mg/100 g. The total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content, total flavonoid content was between 164-362 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g; 17.3-33.3 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent/100 g and 10.3-17.2 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g, respectively. Citric acid was the dominant organic acid for all genotypes and ranged from 10.3-14.6 g/100 g fresh weight base. According to the results V-4, V-8, V-3 and V-10 had attractive bigger fruits indicate their suitability for fresh consumption. V-3 and V-5 had sweeter fruits indicated their suitability for processing and V-6, V-7 and V-11 had richer for human health promoting compounds (higher total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity), making them suitable for future use as functional foods and as promising sources of natural antioxidants.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0284.v1

Building Consensus around the Assessment and Interpretation of Symbiodiniaceae Diversity

Sarah Davies, Matthew H. Gamache, Lauren I. Howe-Kerr, Nicola G. Kriefall, Andrew C. Baker, Anastazia T. Banaszak, Line K. Bay, Anthony J. Bellantuono, Debashish Bhattacharya, Cheong Xin Chan, Danielle C. Claar, Mary Alice Coffroth, Ross Cunning, Simon K. Davy, Javier del Campo, Erika M. Diaz-Almeyda, Jorg C. Frommlet, Lauren E. Fuess, Raul A. Gonzalez-Pech, Tamar L. Goulet, Kenneth D. Hoadley, Emily J. Howells, Benjamin C. C. Hume, Dustin W. Kemp, Carly, D. Kenkel, Sheila A. Kitchen, Todd C. LaJeunesse, Senjie Lin, Shelby McIlroy, Ryan McMinds, Matthew R. Nitschke, Clinton A. Oakley, Raquel S. Peixoto, Carlos Prada, Hollie M. Putnam, Kate Quigley, Hannah G. Reich, James Davis Reimer, Mauricio Rodriguez-Lanetty, Stephanie Rosalas, Osama S. Saad, Eugenia M. Sampayo, Scott Santos, Eiichi Shoguchi, Edward G. Smith, Michael Stat, Timothy G. Stephens, Marie E. Strader, David J. Suggett, Timothy D. Swain, Cawa Tran, Nikki Traylor-Knowles, Christian R. Voolstra, Mark E. Warner, Virginia M. Weis, Rachel Wright, Tingting Xiang, Hiroshi Yamashita, Maren Ziegler, Adrienne M.S. Correa, John Everett Parkinson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Symbiodinaceae; genetic diversity; coral symbiosis

Online: 21 June 2022 (04:49:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0254.v1

Distribution of Insect in Protected Forest Area in Ambon City

fransina latumahina

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Insects; Diversity; ecosystem health; Ambon

Online: 9 March 2021 (10:03:23 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0021.v1

Safe Fieldwork Strategies for At-Risk Individuals

Amelia-Juliette Demery, Monique Pipkin

Subject: Social Sciences, Safety Research Keywords: diversity; inclusion; equity; fieldwork; research

Online: 2 August 2020 (11:55:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0366.v1

Does Islam Practice Tolerance? Some Notes from Quranic Perspective

Abur Hamdi Usman

Subject: Social Sciences, Religion Keywords: Tolerance; Religion; Islam; Society; Diversity

Online: 19 July 2018 (15:43:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0179.v1

Economic Diversity and the Resource Curse: A Dynamic Panel Model

Fred Olayele, Kwok Soo

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Diversity; resource curse; economic growth.

Online: 13 April 2018 (14:18:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0247.v1

Species Diversity of Oak Stands and Its Significance for Drought Resistance

Jan Kotlarz, Sylwia Nasiłowska, Karol Rotchimmel, Katarzyna Kubiak

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: drought; diversity; oaks; remote sensing

Online: 26 January 2018 (04:52:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0116.v1

Evaluation of Diversification Techniques for Legal Information Retrieval

Marios Koniaris, Ioannis Anagnostopoulos, Yannis Vassiliou

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: diversity; algorithms; legal information retrieval

Online: 23 November 2016 (09:50:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0385.v1

mySORT: A Web Framework by using Deconvolution Approach to Estimating Immune Cell Composition from Complex Tissues

Shu-Hwa Chen, Bo-Yi Yu, Wen-Yu Kuo, Ya-Bo Lin, Sheng-Yao Su, I-Hsuan Lu, Chung-Yen Lin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Cancer; Immunotherapy; Deconvolution; Alpha diversity; Beta diversity; Precision medicine; Microenvironment; Single-cell RNA sequencing

Online: 13 November 2020 (14:18:40 CET)

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Cancer immunotherapy reaches a remarkable achievement in various cancer types and brings new possibilities to improve cancer patients’ long-term survival. However, outcomes vary from case to case, and the present protocol benefits a small fraction of patients. One notable factor is the tumor microenvironment, especially the immune cell components, that may reflect the immune response's status quo on site. Thus, understanding the content of infiltrating immune cells in tumors is not only for research interesting but also a crucial subject toward precision medicine. We implement an algorithm for resolving relative proportions of twenty-one immune cell subclasses from a human tissue profiled transcriptome by microarray technology to reach the goal above. By selecting gene features and then adopting ?-Support Vector Regression, we can construct a deconvolution model and resolve the immune cell context. The excellent consistency between the estimated values and the correct immune-cell composition further demonstrates this approach provides a more natural alternative to revealing samples' immune cell content and reliable results like recent single-cell technologies. Based on this algorithm, the web-based deconvolution tool implemented named mySORT provides a user-friendly interface for estimating the immune cell content by uploading gene expression profiling. We also present comprehensive visualization 2D/3D plots in mySORT so that users can easily make a comparison between different samples. Finally, we synthesized pseudo-bulk expression data from single-cell transcriptomic datasets of 17 melanoma and 16 head and neck cancer patients. The deconvolution results of microarray-based data in the previous study and synthetic pseudo-bulk data all proved the excellent performance of mySORT. We believe that mySORT can help researchers in all fields easily understand complex immune microenvironment. The website of mySORT is freely accessible on https://symbiosis.iis.sinica.edu.tw/mySORT/.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0627.v1

BIOFACQUIM: A Mexican Compound Database of Natural Products

B. Angélica Pilón-Jiménez, Fernanda I. Saldívar-González, Bárbara I. Díaz-Eufracio, José L. Medina-Franco

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Theoretical Chemistry Keywords: chemical space; chemical data set; chemoinformatics; consensus diversity plot; drug discovery; molecular diversity; visualization

Online: 30 November 2018 (10:06:15 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1642.v1

Shrews (Soricidae) and Viruses Identified in Shrews

Huan-Yu Gong, Rui-Xu Chen, Su-Mei Tan, Xiu Wang, Ji-Ming Chen, Yuan-Long Zhang, Ming Liao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: shrew; virus; diversity; domestic animal; human

Online: 21 December 2023 (10:25:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0860.v1

Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Strategies in Engineering and Computer Science

Adan Amer, Gaganpreet Sidhu, Maria Isabel Ramirez Alvarez, Juan Antonio Lopez Ramos, Seshasai Srinivasan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Software Keywords: Equity; Diversity; Inclusion; strategies; priority areas

Online: 12 December 2023 (10:23:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1064.v1

Culture, Gender, and Business

EMMANUEL ADEYEMI

Subject: Arts And Humanities, History Keywords: culture; gender; business; organization; religion; diversity

Online: 18 September 2023 (05:30:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0692.v1

Functional and Species Diversity across Disturbance Levels and Environmental Variables in Yayu Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve, Southwest Ethiopia

Ferede Abuye Jeldu, Motuma Tolera Feyisa, Teshale Woldeamanuel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: biosphere reserve; disturbance; functional diversity; zonation

Online: 11 July 2023 (10:55:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1425.v1

Anaemia in Preschool-Aged Children in DR. Congo: Finding from a Nationally Representative Survey

Ngianga II (Shadrack) Kandala

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Haemoglobin; Anaemia; Dietary, Diversity; Random-effect

Online: 19 May 2023 (10:06:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1234.v1

Butterflies of the Neotropical Seasonally Dry Forest of Montes de María (Sucre, Colombia): What do they Tell us about the Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis?

Yarlenis L Mercado-Gómez, Jorge D Mercado-Gómez, Carlos E Giraldo-Sánchez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: structure; diversity; anthropic disturbance; conservation; Lepidoptera

Online: 17 May 2023 (10:38:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0206.v1

Testing White’s Floristic Impoverishment Hypothesis in the Forest-Savanna Transition Zones of Africa

Mathew Rees, John L. Godlee, David J. Harris, Casey M. Ryan, Kyle G. Dexter

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: Africa; forest; savanna; phylogenetic; diversity; transition

Online: 4 May 2023 (06:04:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0056.v2

Women’s Participation in Leadership Roles in a Single Canadian Paramedic Service

Justin Mausz, Sarah Salvis, Dominique Arseneau-Bruneau, Elizabeth Donnelly

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: Emergency Medical Services; paramedics; gender; diversity

Online: 15 February 2023 (04:34:52 CET)

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Introduction: Like other public safety professions, paramedicine has historically been a male-dominated occupation, both in the demography of its workforce and in its organizational culture. Although women are increasingly choosing paramedicine as a career, participation in leadership roles remains limited. Drawing on data from a recent comprehensive mental health survey, we describe the proportion of women in leadership in a single, large, urban paramedic service in Ontario, Canada. Methods: We distributed an in-person, paper-based survey during the fall 2019 - winter 2020 Continuing Medical Education (CME) sessions. Participating paramedics completed a demographic questionnaire alongside a battery of mental health screening tools. We assessed the demography of the workforce and explored differences in employment classification, provider level (e.g., primary vs. advanced care), and participation in formal leadership roles along self-reported gender lines. Results: Out of 607 paramedics attending CME, we received 600 completed surveys, with 11 excluded for missing data, leaving 589 for analysis and a 97% response rate. Women comprised 40% of the active-duty paramedic workforce, with an average of 8 years of experience. Compared to men, women were more than twice as likely to have a university degree (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.02), but almost half as likely to practice at the Advanced Care Paramedic level (OR 0.61), and somewhat less likely to be employed full-time (OR 0.77). Women were nearly 70% less likely to hold a leadership role in the service compared to men (OR 0.36), occupying just 20% of leadership positions. Conclusion: Although paramedicine is witnessing an encouraging shift in the demography of its workforce with greater participation from women, there is still work to be done, particularly in leadership. Future research should focus on identifying and ameliorating barriers to career advancement among women and other historically underrepresented people.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0283.v1

The Functional Biogeography of eDNA Metacommunities in the Post-fire Landscape of the Angeles National Forest

Savanah Senn, Sharmodeep Bhattacharyya, Gerald Presley, Anne E. Taylor, Jillian Ford, Brandon Jasinski, Yekaterina Badalova

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: molecular ecology; functional diversity; DNA sequencing

Online: 28 April 2022 (10:31:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0414.v1

Genotypic and Epidemiologic Profiles of Giardia duodenalis in Four Brazilian Biogeographic Regions

Deiviane Calegar, Beatriz Nunes, Kerla Monteiro, Polyanna Bacelar, Brenda Evangelista, Mayron Moraes, Jurecir Silva, Jéssica Santos, Márcio Bóia, Lauren Jaeger, Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: Giardia duodenalis; Assemblages; Epidemiology; Genetic diversity

Online: 27 January 2022 (11:18:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0349.v1

Genetic Diversity of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae) Colonizing Sweet Potato and Cassava in South Sudan

Beatrice Clarence Misaka, Everlyne N. Wosula, Philip W. Marchelo-d'Ragga, Trine Hvoslef-Eide, James Peter Legg

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: Bemisia tabaci; genetic diversity; distribution; haplotype

Online: 28 November 2019 (03:24:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0249.v1

The Yeast Atlas of Appalachia: Species and Phenotypic Diversity of Herbicide Resistance in Wild Yeast

Jordan B. Barney, Matthew J. Winans, Catherine B. Blackwood, Amaruy Pupo, Jennifer E. G. Gallagher

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Fungal diversity; Saccharomyces; genetic diversity; glyphosate-based herbicides; copper-based fungicides; RoundUp Ready™ corn; phylogenetics

Online: 17 February 2020 (15:37:11 CET)

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