Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

SSR Based Genetic Diversity Analysis and Population Structure of Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) in Kazakhstan

Meisam Zargar
* ORCID logo ,
Elmira Dyussibayeva
,
Aidyn Orazov
ORCID logo ,
Aiym Zeinullina
ORCID logo ,
Irina Zhirnova
,
Gulzat Yessenbekova
,
Aiman Rysbekova
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 11 September 2023 / Approved: 12 September 2023 / Online: 13 September 2023 (10:37:54 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Zargar, M.; Dyussibayeva, E.; Orazov, A.; Zeinullina, A.; Zhirnova, I.; Yessenbekova, G.; Rysbekova, A. Microsatellite-Based Genetic Diversity Analysis and Population Structure of Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) in Kazakhstan. Agronomy 2023, 13, 2514. Zargar, M.; Dyussibayeva, E.; Orazov, A.; Zeinullina, A.; Zhirnova, I.; Yessenbekova, G.; Rysbekova, A. Microsatellite-Based Genetic Diversity Analysis and Population Structure of Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) in Kazakhstan. Agronomy 2023, 13, 2514.

Abstract

Proso millet is an important allotetraploid cereal crop, however, it is the least studied species of the Poaceae family as it is an under-utilized crop. Genomic resources of proso millet are very limited compared to the major crops. Understanding of genetic relationships among germplasm resources is important for future breeding endeavors. In the present study, the SSR markers were employed to assess the polymorphism and genetic diversity of 100 millet accessions from different countries, which were tested in the dry steppe zone conditions of the Akmola region from 2020 to 2022. The use of 20 SSR markers detected a total of 47 alleles with an average allele number of 2.35 per locus among these proso accessions. Nine of them were polymorphic among genotypes, which suggests that these SSR markers can be used for genetic studies. The results showed a moderate level of polymorphism information content (PIC) averaged at 0.424, ranging from 0.125 to 0.795. The markers SSR 67, SSR-82, SSR-85 and SSR-109 showed high PIC values, 0.536, 0.756, 0.795 and 0.758 respectively. Markers SSR 85 and SSR 86 significantly correlated to agronomic traits, such as productive tillering (PT) and grain yield (GY). The genetic structure, UPGMA cluster and PCoA assay indicated that the accessions originated from Central Asia had higher genetic diversity. Based on Structure (K=3), all the accessions were divided into three groups, whereas the gene pool originated from Central Asia were detected in all the three clusters. Based on principal component analysis (PCA), the accessions of Central Asian origin were genetically closer to the North Asian group.

Keywords

proso millet collection; genetic diversity; SSR markers; agronomic traits

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Agricultural Science and Agronomy

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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