Díaz-Ferguson, E.; Chial, M.; Gonzalez, M.; Muñoz, E.; Chen, O.; Durán, O.; Vega, A.J.; Delgado, C.R. Building a Teleost Fish Traceability Program Based on Genetic Data from Pacific Panama Fish Markets. Animals2023, 13, 2272.
Díaz-Ferguson, E.; Chial, M.; Gonzalez, M.; Muñoz, E.; Chen, O.; Durán, O.; Vega, A.J.; Delgado, C.R. Building a Teleost Fish Traceability Program Based on Genetic Data from Pacific Panama Fish Markets. Animals 2023, 13, 2272.
Díaz-Ferguson, E.; Chial, M.; Gonzalez, M.; Muñoz, E.; Chen, O.; Durán, O.; Vega, A.J.; Delgado, C.R. Building a Teleost Fish Traceability Program Based on Genetic Data from Pacific Panama Fish Markets. Animals2023, 13, 2272.
Díaz-Ferguson, E.; Chial, M.; Gonzalez, M.; Muñoz, E.; Chen, O.; Durán, O.; Vega, A.J.; Delgado, C.R. Building a Teleost Fish Traceability Program Based on Genetic Data from Pacific Panama Fish Markets. Animals 2023, 13, 2272.
Abstract
Fish tissue samples from 203 adult individuals were collected in the main ports and markets of the Pacific coast of Panama. Molecular identification based on cytochrome oxidase I gene segment of all species was verified GENBANK reference sequences. 34 species from 14 families (Ariidae, Lutjanidae, Caranjidae, Scianidae, Centropomidae, Serranidae, Scombridae, Sphyraenidae, Haemulidae, Gerreidae, Stromotidae, Lobotidae, Malacanthidae, Mugilidae) were identified at species molecular level from 164 sequences. Also, three Caribbean species were molecularly identified among the analyzed samples (Mycteroperca xenarcha, Paralonchurus brasilensis and Lobotes surinamensis). Species diversity was slightly higher in the Gulf of Panama than in the Gulf of Chiriquí. For species with 5 or more individual sequences, genetic diversity and genetic connectivity parameters such as: total number of haplotypes (H), haplotype diversity (Hd), and nucleotide diversity (π) were calculated. Overall, pelagic-migratory species showed higher values of genetic diversity than coastal and estuarine species with some exceptions. Connectivity between Gulf areas was compared using values of genetic distances and genetic differentiation (Fst). High level of connectivity observed between Gulf of Chiriqui and Gulf of Montijo indicates the existence of a single stock in that area for the following species: Scomberomorus sierra, Caranx caninus and Lutjanus guttatus. Demographic history of the most common species was examined using Tajima’s D values suggesting population expansion for two snapper species, L. peru and L. argentiventris, having significant and higher values. Another important contribution from this research was the production of primers and dual labeled probes for environmental DNA detection using qPCR for the five most abundant species (spotted rose snapper, yellow snapper, green jack, Pacific crevalle jack and the Pacific sierra fish). These markers represent a new set of tools for environmental DNA (eDNA) detection and molecular traceability of three commercially important fish species along the supply chain including landing sites and markets of the main fishery areas.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
,
