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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0310.v1

Aerobic Exercise Training Improves Calcium Handling and Cardiac Function in Rats with Heart Failure Resulting from Aortic Stenosis

Vitor Loureiro Da Silva, Gustavo Augusto Ferreira Mota, Sérgio Luiz Borges De Souza, Dijon Henrique Salomé De Campos, Alexandre Barroso Melo, Danielle Fernandes Vileigas, Priscila Murucci Coelho, Paula Grippa Sant’Ana, Carlos Padovani, Ana Paula Lima-Leopoldo, Silméia Garcia Zanati Bazan, Andre Soares Leopoldo, Antonio Carlos Cicogna

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: exercise training; aortic stenosis; heart failure; isolated papillary muscle; isolated cardiomyocyte; calcium handling.

Online: 5 June 2023 (10:47:28 CEST)

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Aerobic exercise training (AET) has been used in the management of heart disease. AET may, totally or partially, restore the activity and/or expression of proteins that regulate calcium (Ca2+) handling, optimize intracellular Ca2+ flow, and attenuate cardiac functional impairment in failing hearts. However, the literature presents conflicting data regarding the effects of AET on Ca2+ transit and cardiac function in rats with heart failure resulting from aortic stenosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of AET on calcium handling and cardiac function in rats with heart failure due to aortic stenosis. Wistar rats were distributed into two groups: control (Sham; n= 61) and aortic stenosis (AoS; n= 44). After 18 weeks, the groups were redistributed into: non-exposed to exercise training (Sham, n = 28 and AoS, n = 22) and trained (Sham-ET, n = 33 and AoS-ET, n = 22) for 10 weeks. Treadmill exercise training was performed with a velocity equivalent to the lactate threshold. Echocardiogram, isolated papillary muscle, and isolated cardiomyocyte analyzed cardiac function. During isolated papillary muscle assay and isolated cardimyocyte was evaluated Ca2+. The expression of regulatory proteins of diastolic Ca2+ was analyzed via Western Blot. AET attenuated the diastolic dysfunction and benefited the systolic function. AoS-ET animals presented better response to post-rest contraction, and SERCA2a and L-type Ca2+ channels blocked than the AoS. Furthermore, AET was able to improve aspects of the mechanical function and the responsiveness of the myofilaments to the Ca2+ of the AoS-ET animals. AoS animals presented alteration in the protein expression of the SERCA2a and NCX, and AET restored SERCA2a and NCX levels near normal values. Therefore, AET increased SERCA2a activity, improved the cellular Ca2+ influx mechanism, and increased myofilament responsiveness to Ca2+, attenuating cardiac dysfunction at cellular, tissue, and chamber levels in animals with aortic stenosis and heart failure.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0306.v1

Effects of Autologous Microfragmented Adipose Tissue on Bone Healing: A Blinded, Prospective, Randomised Canine Clinical Trial

Luca Pennasilico, Caterina Di Bella, Sara Sassaroli, Alberto Salvaggio, Francesco Roggiolani, Angela Palumbo Piccionello

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: microfragmented adipose tissue; regenerative medicine; bone healing, osteotomy, cranial cruciate ligament

Online: 5 June 2023 (10:22:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0293.v1

Biologically Relevant Murine Models of Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Respiratory Infection

Aoife M Rogers, Jaime Lindsay, Avril Monahan, Alice V Dubois, Aduragbemi A Faniyi, Barry J Plant, Marcus A. Mall, Miquel B Ekkelenkamp, J Stuart Elborn, Rebecca J Ingram

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; chronic infection; respiratory; murine model; in vivo; S. aureus

Online: 5 June 2023 (09:50:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0288.v1

Identifying the Common Cell-Free DNA Biomarkers across Seven Major Cancer Types

Mingyu Luo, Yining Liu, Min Zhao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Early cancer diagnosis; cell free DNA; biomarker; integrative biology; pan cancer

Online: 5 June 2023 (09:20:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0279.v1

An Outbreak of Newcastle Disease Virus in the Moscow Region in the Summer of 2022

Artyom Rtishchev, Anastasia Treshchalina, Elena Shustova, Elizaveta Boravleva, Alexandra Gambaryan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: NDV; paramyxovirus; outbreak; pathogenicity

Online: 5 June 2023 (08:43:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0273.v1

Does Precision Technologies Adoption Contribute to the Economic and Agri-Environmental Sustainability of Mediterranean Wheat Production? An Italian Case Study

Adele Finco, Deborah Bentivoglio, Matteo Belletti, Giulia Chiaraluce, Marco Fiorentini, Luigi Ledda, Roberto Orsini

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: precision agriculture; durum wheat; Italy; case study; economic impact; agro-environmental impact; sustainability; nitrogen efficiency; profitability

Online: 5 June 2023 (08:32:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0270.v1

The Impact of CC16 on Pulmonary Epithelial-Driven Host Responses during Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection

Natalie Iannuzo, Alane Blythe C. Dy, Stefano Guerra, Paul R. Langlais, Julie G. Ledford

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Mycoplasma pneumoniae; CC16; CCSP; CC10; mass spectrometry; remodeling

Online: 5 June 2023 (08:28:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0265.v1

Detection and Genetic Characterization of Astroviruses in Brain Tissues of Wild Raccoon Dogs

Su-Beom Chae, Chang-Gi Jeong, Jun-Soo Park, Eun-Jee Na, Jae-Ku Oem

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: astrovirus; wild raccoon dog; neurotropic-astrovirus

Online: 5 June 2023 (08:16:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1319.v2

Study of Attentional Networks of Alert, Orientation and Executive Control in Bilingual and Monolingual Primary School Children: The Role of Socioeconomic Status

Francesca Federico, Michela Mellone, Ferida Volpi, Margherita Orsolini

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: attention development; socioeconomic status; bilingualism; cognitive development

Online: 5 June 2023 (08:01:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0235.v1

Recent Advances in β-glucosidase Engineering: A Brief Review

Xihua Zhao, Yunhong Huang, Bei Ouyang, Guoping Wang, Nian Zhang, Jiali Zuo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: β-glucosidase; biocatalysis; biosynthesis; enzyme engineering

Online: 5 June 2023 (04:30:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0225.v1

Age-Dependent Molecular and Metabolic Rewiring Leading to Wound-Induced Blackening in Cut Carrots

Katie Shulz, Gabriela Machaj, Paul Knox, Robert Hancock, Susan R Verrall, Risto Korpinen, Pekka Saranpaa, Anna Happonen, Barbara Karpinska, Christine Helen Foyer

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Auxin; cell wall composition; chlorogenic acid; lignin; pectin; post harvest wounding; tap roots

Online: 5 June 2023 (02:43:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0217.v1

Groundwater as a reservoir for plant pathogenic bacteria : the case of Pseudomonas syringae complex in the alluvial aquifer of Avignon

Odile Berge, Salah Nofal, Frédérique Razan, Charlotte Chandeysson, Caroline Guilbaud, Anne-Laure Cognard-Plancq, Cindy E. Morris

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Aquatic microbiology; Bacteria; Microbial ecology; Phytopathogens; Irrigation

Online: 2 June 2023 (15:38:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0212.v1

Pseudoscorpions of Israel: Annotated Checklist and Key, With New Records of Two Families (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones)

Sharon Warburg, Shlomi Aharon, Igor Armiach Steinpress, Prashant P. Sharma, Danilo Harms, Efrat Gavish-Regev

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Cheiridiidae; False scorpions; Levant; Species List; Syarinidae; Taxonomy; Zoogeography

Online: 2 June 2023 (14:16:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0199.v1

Predicting the Effect of Mutations on Protein Stability and Binding: Assessment of Leading Algorithms Performance and Databases Content with Respect to Types of Mutations

Preeti Pandey, Shailesh Pandey, Prawin Rimal, Nicolas Ancona, Emil Alexov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: mutations; folding free energy change; binding free energy change; single nucleotide variant

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:58:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0195.v1

Impact of Heavy Smoking on the Expression Levels of PGAM5, PTPRN2 and TYRO3 and Its Correlation to Male Infertility

Houda Amor, Yaser Alkhaled, Riffat Bibi, Mohamad Eid Hammadeh, Peter Michael Jankowski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Male infertility; heavy smoking; transcript level; PGAM5; PTPRN2; TYRO3

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:49:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0194.v1

An Overlooked Protein Domain, WIV, Is Found a Wide Number of Arthropod Viruses and Probably Facilitates Infection

David Karlin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: insect viruses; arthropod virus; distant homology detection; remote homology detection; virulence factor; tospovirus; structure prediction; cypovirus; small protrusion domain

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:45:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0191.v1

Physiological and Transcriptional Analyses Provide Insight Into Maintaining Ion Homeostasis of Sweet Sorghum Under Salt Stress

Huan Guo, Chun-Ya Nie, Zhen Li, Jie Kang, Xiao-Long Wang, Yan-Nong Cui

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: soil salinity; sodium; chloride; ion transporters; transcriptome factors

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:34:36 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0190.v1

Innovative Tools for the Nitrogen Fertilization Traceability of Organic Farming Products

Simona Fabroni, Luana Bontempo, Gabriele Campanelli, Stefano Canali, Francesco Montemurro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: organic horticultural practices and production; chemical metabolites; isotopic ratios; multivariate analysis; chemometrics

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:29:22 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0189.v1

Analysis of Transcriptomics Data from COVID-19 Patients: Pilot Research

Dominik Hadzega, Klaudia Babisova, Michaela Hyblova, Peter Sabaka, Pavol Janega, Gabriel Minarik

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: RNA-seq; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; gene enrichment analysis; enriched pathways; differentially expressed genes; transcriptomics

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:12:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0188.v1

Biorefinery and Stepwise Strategies for Valorizing Coffee By-products as Bioactive Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals

Miguel Rebollo-Hernanz, Yolanda Aguilera, Alicia Gil-Ramírez, Vanesa Benitez, Silvia Cañas, Cheyenne Braojos, Maria A. Martin-Cabrejas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: bioactive compounds; biorefinery; coffee by-products; functional food ingredients; health benefits; nutraceuticals; sustainability; technological innovation; valorization; waste utilization

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:00:02 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0698.v2

Adrian Constantin Stancu, Octavian Sorin Voia, Oana Maria Boldura, Sorin Aurelian Pasca, Iasmina Luca, Anca S. Hulea, Oana Roxana Ivan, Andreea Dragoescu, Bianca Cornelia Lungu, Ioan Hutu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: raccoons; canine distemper virus

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:31:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0183.v1

Barnyardgrass Stress Triggers Root Traits and Phytohormones Levels Changes in Allelopathic and Non-allelopathic Rice

Qiling Yan, Jianhua Tong, Shuyan Li, Qiong Peng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: allelopathy; barnyardgrass; root trait; phytohormone; biotic stress

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:29:48 CEST)

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Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa spp.) is a prevalent type of weed in rice fields worldwide. Despite the growing knowledge concerning allelopathic interference with barnyardgrass, little is understood regarding the competitive mechanisms between allelopathic rice and herbicide-resistant barnyardgrass at the plant physiological level. In this context, a hydroponic system was employed to investigate the root morphological traits and different phytohormones levels of two rice cultivars, i.e., the allelopathic rice cultivar “PI312777” (PI) and the non-allelopathic rice cultivar “Lemont” (LE), when co-planted with quinclorac-resistant and -susceptible barnyardgrass, respectively. The results showed that the shoot and root biomass were greater in the allelopathic rice cultivar. Moreover, the treatments at the two time points induced an increase in shoot and root biomass of PI when subjected to barnyardgrass stress. In terms of root morphology, PI exhibited significantly higher fine-root length in diameters <0.5 mm, a greater number of root tips, and longer root tips compared to LE. In addition, the levels of different plant hormones, including auxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA), known for their diverse adaptation strategies to biotic stress, were analysed. The response to quinclorac-resistant barnyardgrass stress was consistent in terms of the content of well-known stress-related hormones, namely SA and JA. The accumulation of SA and JA was observed in both rice cultivars under the stress of quinclorac-resistant barnyardgrass, with higher contents of these hormones in PI than that in LE. The most significant change was observed in IAA and ABA contents in rice, which decreased significantly from 7 days to 14 days under co-culture stress. Additionally, PI contained higher levels of IAA and ABA than LE in the presence of barnyardgrass stress. This research may aid in the development of strategies for reducing the environmental impact of herbicides through the prudent selection of non-chemical herbicide control tactics.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0177.v1

Ferroptosis in Cancer Progression

Rongyu Zhang, Jinghong Chen, Saiyang Wang, Wenlong Zhang, Quan Zheng, Rong Cai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: ferroptosis; cancer; EMT; angiogenesis; metastasis

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:12:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0174.v1

Aroma Identification and Classification in 18 Kinds of Teas (Camellia sinensis) by Sensory Evaluation, Hs-Spme-Gc-Ims/Gc×gc-Ms, and Chemometrics

Yanping Lin, Ping Yang, Ying Wang, Yibiao Huang, Huanlu Song

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: tea (Camellia sinensis); solid phase micro extraction (SPME); two-dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry analysis (GC × GC-O-MS); gas chromatog-raphy-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS); aroma compounds

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:59:50 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0164.v1

A Non-electrolysis Bioelectric Effect for Gingivitis and Hygiene Contamination Biofilm Removal

Young Wook Kim, Jihyun Lee, Sang Kuy Han, Bon-Sang Koo, Taeguen Park, Hyun Mok Park, Byoungdoo Lee

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: biofilms; bioelectric effect; electrolysis; plaque index; gingival index

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:48:55 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0170.v1

Vascular Dysfunctions Contribute to the Long-term Cognitive Deficits Following COVID-19

zahra shabani, Jialing Liu, hua su

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Long-COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Endothelial cells; Cognitive dysfunction; Blood Brain Barrier; Neuro-inflammation

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:38:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0166.v1

Vibrational Spectroscopy of Phytochromes

Peter Hildebrandt

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: Raman, IR, spectroscopy, phytochrome, tetrapyrrole, photoswitch

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:01:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0156.v1

Flowering Phenology of Olive Cultivars in Two Climates Zones with Contrasting Temperatures (Subtropical and Mediterranean)

María Guacimara Medina-Alonso, José María Cabezas, Domingo Ríos–Mesa, Ignacio J. Lorite, Lorenzo León, Raúl De la Rosa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: Olea europaea L.; genetic variability; climate warming; chilling requirements

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:26:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0142.v1

A Welfare Protocol to Assess the Welfare of Huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) in Conservation Centers

Enrique Bombal, Xavier Manteca, Oriol Tallo-Parra

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: behaviour; captivity; hippocamelus bisulcus; huemul; animal-based measures; welfare assessment; deer

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:06:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2212.v1

Group B Streptococci Recto-Vaginal Colonization, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern and Associated factors among Pregnant Women at Selected Health Facilities of Wolaita Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia

Abera Kumalo Shano, Biruk Gebre Takele, Shimelis Shiferaw Jejaw, Wokil Wolde Dana, Tamirayehu Shonde Jagiso

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: GBS; Antibiotic susceptibility pattern; pregnant women; Wolaita Sodo; Ethiopian

Online: 2 June 2023 (04:53:16 CEST)

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Background: Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcal colonization of the gastrointestinal and genital tracts of pregnant women usually remains asymptomatic; even if it is the critical determinant of infection in neonates and young infants. It causes early and late onset of invasive Group B Streptococcus (GBS) disease manifesting as septicemia, meningitis and pneumonia. Now it is recognized as an important cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world including Ethiopia where the magnitude of the problem has been little studied. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of GBS colonization, to identify associated risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among pregnant women at selected health facilities of Wolaita Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia. Methodology: A health facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted at WSUCSH & Wolaita Sodo Health Center from June to August, 2022. A total of 279 pregnant women who were in ANC follow up with at 35-37 weeks of gestation were included. For GBS isolation, recto-vaginal swabs were inoculated in 1ml Todd-Hewitt broth medium supplemented with 10μg/ml colistin and 15μg/ml nalidixic acid and followed by identification of isolates based on colonial morphology, gram stains, catalase reaction and CAMP tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. All collected data were organized in Epi info 4.6.0.2, then transfer tabulated using SPSS version 20. Logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between variables. Finally, the p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: In present study, 279 pregnant mothers included and their age was between 15 to 38 years with a mean of 26.5 ± 4.5 years. Of all participants, the highest 120 (43.01%) were housewives. The overall carriage rate of GBS was 67(24.0%). GBS colonization showed a statistically significant association with college and above levels of maternal education [AOR= 6.610, 95% CI (1.724 - 25.349), P=0.01]. High susceptibility of GBS isolate was seen to Penicillin G & Chloramphenicol (92.5%) for each, Ampicillin, and Ceftriaxone (89.6%) each, following Vancomycin (74.62%), and Erythromycin (77%). Relatively, GBS showed high resistance to Tetracycline (88 %). Conclusion: In this study, the overall prevalence of GBS colonization was 24.0%. College and above educational level was statistically significant with GBS colonization. This study used to give attention to the management of pregnant women by making GBS culture one of the routine diagnoses during ANC follow-up and to prevent infection by early detection.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0129.v1

Degradation of chemical warfare agent nitrogen mustard using ferrate(VI)

Miroslav Labaška, Miroslav Gál, Tomáš Mackuľak

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Toxicology Keywords: Chemical warfare agent; decontamination; nitrogen mustard; ferrate(VI)

Online: 2 June 2023 (04:31:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0128.v1

Clinical Significance of PD-L1 Status in Circulating Tumor Cells for Cancer Management during Immunotherapy

Areti Strati, Panagiota Economopoulou, Evi Lianidou, Amanda Psyrri

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: PD-L1; CTCs; immunotherapy; immune checkpoint inhibitors

Online: 2 June 2023 (04:28:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2052.v2

Specific methyl-CpG configurations define cell identity through gene expression regulation.

Teresa Improda, Valentina Morgera, Maria Vitale, Lorenzo Chiariotti, Fabiana Passaro, Antonia Feola, Antonio Porcellini, Mariella Cuomo, Antonio Pezone

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: methyl-CpG; DNA methylation; gene expression; cell identity

Online: 2 June 2023 (04:15:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0123.v1

Generalizability of a Random Forest-based model of maize lodging built with satellite image data and its application to monitoring and evaluating maize lodging risks

Huirong Guo, Bo Ming, Chenwei Nie, Guoqiang Zhang, Hongye Yang, Shang Gao, Beibei Xue, Jiangfeng Xin, Dayun Feng, Biao Jia, Peng Hou, Jun Xue, Ruizhi Xie, Keru Wang, Shaokun Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Sentinel-2 multispectral data; Maize lodging; Random Forest classification; Predictive variables; Model generalizability

Online: 2 June 2023 (04:08:42 CEST)

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Lodging is a common problem in maize production that seriously impacts yield, quality, and the capacity for mechanical harvesting. Evaluation of site-specific lodging risks requires establishment of a method for multi-year monitoring. In this study, spectral images collected by the Sentinel-2 satellite were processed to obtain three types of data: gray-level co-occurrence matrix texture (GLCM), vegetation indices (VIs), and spectral reflectance (SR). Lodging classification models were then established with Random Forest (RF) using each of the three data types separately (the GLCM, VI, and SR models) and in combination (SR+VI model, SR+GLCM model, VI+GLCM mod-el, and SR+VI+GLCM model). By gradually removing features with low importance scores from the SR+VI+GLCM model and analyzing the changes in the overall accuracy (OA), the optimal set of predictive variables was identified and used to construct the optimal model. A model built us-ing data from a single timepoint in 2021 was tested on data collected at a similar timepoint in 2019 and vice versa to assess interannual model generalizability. The results of this study demon-strate that for monitoring maize lodging, models constructed with a single feature type, the GLCM model had significantly lower accuracy compared to the VI and SR models. During certain growth stages, the model constructed with combined features had significantly higher accuracy in monitoring maize lodging compared to models constructed with a single feature. During the pro-cess of selecting the optimal predictive variables, it was found that the accuracy of the model did not increase as the number of predictive variables increased. The results show that the positive and negative validation models had an accuracy of 96.55% and 95.18%, with kappa values of 0.93 and 0.83, respectively. This indicates that the model has strong generality for the same repro-ductive stage between years. This study provides a detailed method for large-scale maize lodging monitoring, allowing for identification of optimal planting practices to reduce the probability of lodging and ultimately improving regional maize yield and quality.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0120.v1

Pioneering PGC-1α-Boosted Secretome: A Novel Approach to Combating Liver Fibrosis

Chang Ho Seo, Gun Hyung Na, Dosang Lee, Jung Hyun Park, Tae Ho Hong, Ok-Hee Kim, Sang Chul Lee, Kee-Hwan Kim, Ho Joong Choi, Say-June Kim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs); Liver fibrosis; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α); Secretome

Online: 2 June 2023 (03:49:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0117.v1

Effects of Dairy Cows Management Systems on the Physicochemical and Nutritional Quality of Milk and Yogurt, in a North-Eastern Romanian Farm

Roxana Nicoleta Rațu, Petru Marian Cârlescu, Marius Giorgi Usturoi, Florin Daniel Lipșa, Ionuț Dumitru Veleșcu, Vlad Nicolae Arsenoaia, Andreea Mihaela Florea, Marius Mihai Ciobanu, Răzvan-Mihail Radu-Rusu, Alina Narcisa Postolache, Daniel Simeanu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: cows feeding; milk; yogurt; fatty acids; quality

Online: 2 June 2023 (03:36:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0109.v1

MCAK Inhibitors Induce Aneuploidy in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Models

John C Smith, Stefan Husted, Jay Pilrose, Stephanie C Ems-McClung, Jane R Stout, Richard L Carpenter, Claire E Walczak

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: triple negative breast cancer; MCAK/KIF2C; aneuploidy; chromosomal instability; drug discovery

Online: 1 June 2023 (15:47:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0097.v1

Hematological and Physiological Responses under Repeated Acute Hypoxia in Rainbow Trout (Onchorynchus mykiss)

Nuria Ruiz, Irene García-Meilán, Ali Reza Khansari, Mariana Teles, Josep Pastor, Lluis Tort

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: repeated stress; hematology; fish; rainbow trout; hypoxia; dissolved oxygen concentration; RDW; cortisol

Online: 1 June 2023 (13:40:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0096.v1

Metabolic Fingerprints of Effective Fluoxetine Treatment in the Prefrontal Cortex of Chronically Socially Isolated Rats: Marker Candidates and Predictive Metabolites

Dragana Milutin Filipovic, Julica Inderhees, Alexandra Korda, Predrag Tadić, Markus Schwaninger, Dragoš Inta, Stefan Borgwardt

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: depressive-like behavior; prefrontal cortex; fluoxetine; metabolomics; ROC curve; support vector machine-linear kernel

Online: 1 June 2023 (13:35:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0093.v1

Does Human Papillomavirus Play a Causative Role in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review Using Bradford Hill’s Criteria

Ridwan Opeyemi Opeyemi Bello, Lily Willis-Powell, Olivia James, Avyay Sharma, Elizabeth Marsh, Libby Ellis, Kevin Gaston, Yusra Hasan Siddiqui

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Prostate cancer; human papillomavirus; HPV

Online: 1 June 2023 (13:31:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0088.v1

Phylogenetic Analysis and Codon Usage Bias Reveal the Potential of Feline and Canine Chaphamaparvovirus for Cross-species Transmission

Xu Guo, Yingying Zhang, Yang Pan, Kankan Yang, Xinxin Tong, Yong Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Canine; feline; chaphamaparvovirus; codon usage; phylogenetic; cross-species transmission

Online: 1 June 2023 (12:26:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0083.v1

Integrated Approach to Evaluate the Cosmetic Efficacy of Brown Alga Padina boergesenii: From Phytochemical Profiling to Bioactivity Assessment

Haresh S. Kalasariya, Leonel Pereira, Nikunj B. Patel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Padina boergesenii; Marine macroalgae; Cosmetics; HRLCMS-QTOF; GCMS; FTIR

Online: 1 June 2023 (11:50:52 CEST)

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The cosmetic industry recognizes the importance of natural sources for functional active constit-uents in meeting consumer expectations for safer and more sustainable beauty care products. Ma-rine macroalgae have emerged as promising resources, offering diverse bioactive constituents with potential applications in cosmetics. In this study, we investigated the biochemical profile of Padina boergesenii, a marine macroalga, using various methods to assess its potential as a cosmetic ingre-dient. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed the presence of distinct bioactive functional groups associated with numerous skin-beneficial compounds. Furthermore, the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of P. boergesenii were subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrom-etry (GC-MS) analysis, which identified a total of six and fifteen significant phytocompounds, re-spectively. Additionally, a comprehensive phytochemical profiling of P. boergesenii was performed using High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (HRLCMS-Q-TOF), highlighting the presence of various terpenoids, alkaloids, peptides, fatty acids, derivatives, and coumarins with potential cosmetic applications. To further assess its potential as a cosmetic ingredient, P. boergesenii was subjected to several additional estimations. Pigment estima-tion revealed the presence of specific pigments, while the determination of total phenol content and total protein content highlighted the richness of these bioactive components. The antioxidant analysis using the DPPH method demonstrated the antioxidant potential of P. boergesenii extracts, suggesting their ability to combat oxidative stress-related skin damage. Moreover, the tyrosinase inhibition assay indicated the inhibitory effect of P. boergesenii extracts on tyrosinase activity, which is relevant for addressing hyperpigmentation concerns. Furthermore, the elemental composition of P. boergesenii was evaluated using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES), revealing that silicon (Si) exhibited the highest concentration among the measured elements, while copper (Cu) displayed the lowest concentration. Additionally, HRLCMS-Q-TOF analysis was employed to quantify 21 amino acids, with aspartic acid exhibiting the highest con-centration (2034.99 nmol/mL), and tyrosine demonstrating the lowest concentration (233.26 nmol/mL). The accuracy of all the measured elements and amino acids was deemed acceptable. Taken together, the findings of this study highlight the potential of P. boergesenii as an effective ingredient for enhancing skin health. The incorporation of seaweed-based bioactive components, such as P. boergesenii, into cosmetic products is increasingly common due to their beneficial effects on the skin. Further exploration of the potential applications of P. boergesenii in the cosmetics in-dustry is warranted to harness its valuable bioactive properties.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0070.v1

Exploring the Interplay Between Polyphenols and Lysyl Oxidase Enzymes for Maintaining Extracellular Matrix Homeostasis

Carolina Añazco, Janin Riedelsberger, Lorenzo Vega-Montoto, Armando Rojas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Collagen Cross-linking; Extracellular Matrix; Fibrosis; Glycation; Lysyl Oxidase; Polyphenols

Online: 1 June 2023 (08:46:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0067.v1

Rapid In-Field Volatile Sampling for Detection and Quantification of Botrytis cinerea Infection in Wine Grapes

Liang Jiang, Morphy C. Dumlao, William A. Donald, Christopher C. Steel, Leigh Mervyn Schmidtke

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: quality assessment; plant disease; rapid sampling; analysis; metal-organic frameworks; thermal desorption; GC-MS; VOCs

Online: 1 June 2023 (08:38:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0066.v1

Intelligent Biological Networks: Improving anti-microbial resistance resilience through nutritional interventions to understand protozoal gut infections

Avinash V. Karpe, David J. Beale, Cuong D Tran

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Systems Biology; Multiomics; Cryptosporidium; Giardia; Entamoeba; Anti-Microbial Resistance; Multi Drug Resistance; Probiotic; Prebiotics, Synbiotics; Postbiotics

Online: 1 June 2023 (08:29:21 CEST)

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Enteric protozoan pathogenic infections significantly contribute to the global burden of gastrointestinal illnesses. Their occurrence is considerable within remote and indigenous communities and regions due to reduced access to clean water and adequate sanitation. The robustness of these pathogens means requirement of harsh treatment methods such as medicinal drugs or antibiotics. However, such treatments impact the gut microbiome, and create dysbiosis, often leading to opportunistic pathogens, anti-microbial resistance, or functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Recent studies have shown that these impacts do not remain confined to gut, and are reflected across the gut-brain, gut-liver, and gut-lung axes, among others. Therefore, apart from the medicinal treatment, nutritional supplementation is also a key aspect of providing the recovery from this dysbiosis. Future proteins, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and food formulations offer a good solution to remedy this dysbiosis. Furthermore, the nutritional supplementation also helps to build a resilience against the opportunistic pathogens and potential future infections and disorders that may arise due to the dysbiosis. Systems biology techniques have shown to be highly effective tools to understand the biochemistry of these processes. Systems biology techniques characterises the fundamental host-pathogen interaction biochemical pathways, at various infection and recovery stages. This same mechanism also allows to track the impact of abovementioned treatment methods of gut microbiome remediation. This manuscript is organised in sections delving into system biology approaches and upcoming developments to understand (1) Infection mechanism and current global status; (2) Cross-organ impacts of dysbiosis, particularly within gut-liver and gut-lung axes; (3) Nutritional interventions. It highlights the impact of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and Multi-drug resistance (MDR) from a perspective of protozoal infections. It also highlights the role of nutritional interventions to add resilience against the chronic problems caused by these phenomena.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0062.v1

Antimicrobial Action of Oregano (Origanum vulgare) and Rose-Mary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Essential Oils on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus Inoculated in “Minas Frescal” Cheese

Marco Cortez, Juliana Cruz, Maria Carmela Duarte, Aline Gomes, Evelyn Carvalho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: inhibition; dairy products; cheese; essential oil; pathogens.

Online: 1 June 2023 (08:12:53 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0058.v1

Current Development of Bio-inspired Nanoparticles in Cancer Theragnostics

Divya Tripathi, Kasturee Hajra, Dipak Maity

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Nanoparticles; Quantum dots; Radioisotopes; Liposomes; Micelles; Nanobubbles; Theranostics; Therapeutics; Toxicity

Online: 1 June 2023 (07:54:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0055.v1

BullVal$: An Integrated Decision-Support Tool for Predicting the Net Present Value of a Dairy Bull Based on Genetic Merit, Semen Production Potential, and Demographic Factors

Allison Q Gorr, Victor E Cabrera, James Meronek, Kent A Weigel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Markov Chain; herd simulation; bull valuation

Online: 1 June 2023 (07:48:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0054.v1

Radiation-Induced Lymphocyte Apoptosis and Chromosomic Aberrations for Prediction of Toxicities in Patients Treated by Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Breast or Prostate Cancers

David Azria, Joanne S. Haviland, Muriel Brengues, Clare Griffin, Jayne Moquet, Stephen Barnard, David P Dearnaley, Annie Gao, Lone Gothard, Marie-Pierre Farcy-Jacquet, Kai Rothkamm, John Yarnold

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Apoptosis; lymphocyte; chromosomic aberrations; radiotherapy; breast fibrosis; pelvic toxicities

Online: 1 June 2023 (07:45:23 CEST)

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Background: In trials using normofractionated regimen, the radiation-induced lymphocyte apoptosis (RILA) and the chromosomal damage assays (CDA) have shown prognostic roles of radiation-induced adverse events. The main objectives here were to validate RILA and CDA in extreme and moderate hypofractionation regimens for breast (FAST) and prostate (CHHiP) cancers. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 400 volunteers included in FAST and CHHiP trials. The primary endpoints (PE) were first change in photographic breast appearance and first grade ≥2 RTOG bladder or bowel toxicity (BBT) in FAST and CHHiP, respectively. The secondary endpoints was first grade ≥2 breast clinical changes (BCC) in FAST and BBT using different scales in CHHiP. Results: 103 FAST and 297 CHHiP patients with lab and clinical data were included. In FAST trial, no significant association of RILA with the primary endpoint was observed. A significant association of higher RILA levels with lower risk of any RIAE was found. The risk of developing grade ≥2 RIAE decreased significantly for patients with RILA≥24% compared to those with RILA≤16% with a HR of 0.50 (95%CI 0.25-1.00, p=0.012). Concerning chromosomic aberrations, no significant associations were found with change in photographic breast appearance nor with the secondary endpoint of any RIAE. In CHHiP trial, a decreased risk of grade≥2 RTOG bladder or bowel RIAE was observed for increasing values of RILA (HR 0.97, 95%CI 0.94-1.01, p=0.11) but did not reach statistical significance. Concerning chromosomic aberrations, we found significant association of higher levels of micronuclei per cell with lower risk of gr2+ RTOGAE (p=0.021 for trend test across tertiles; p=0.023 for upper vs lower tertile). Conclusions: This study is the first to evaluate RILA and CDA as predictors of late effects after breast and prostate RT in the “hypofractionation” era. Development of toxicity biomarkers whatever the RT fractionation are urgently needed.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0053.v1

Changes in the Human Gut Microbiome during Dietary Supplementation with Modified Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound

Emily Schupfer, Soo Liang Ooi, Thomas Jeffries, Shaoyu Wang, Peter Micalos, Sok Cheon Pak

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: RBAC; Biobran/MGN-3; microbiome; prebiotic; functional food; diet; Australian Recommended Food Score

Online: 1 June 2023 (07:42:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0051.v1

Combination of Metal Nanoparticles With Hydrolytic Enzymes To Obtain Improved Antifungals

Ilya Lyagin, Aysel Aslanli, Maxim Domnin, Nikolay Stepanov, Olga Senko, Olga Maslova, Elena Efremenko

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: green synthesis; MOFs; amyloid proteins; prionase; mycotoxins; growth inhibition; quorum sensing; quorum quenching; lactamases; biofilms; chitinases; lactonases; His6-OPH

Online: 1 June 2023 (07:31:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0046.v1

The Future of Newborn Genomic Screening

JOHN David LANTOS

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: ethics; genomics; neonates; outcomes; economics

Online: 1 June 2023 (07:23:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0045.v1

miRNAs: Potential as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer

Atonu Chakrabortty, Daniel J Patton, Bruce F Smith, Payal Agarwal

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: miRNAs; Cancer; oncomiRs; tumor suppressor miRNAs; biomarker; therapeutics

Online: 1 June 2023 (07:20:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0041.v1

Revisiting Two Decades of Research Focused on Targeting APE1 for Cancer Therapy: The Pros and Cons

Matilde Clarissa Malfatti, Alessia Bellina, Giulia Antoniali, Gianluca Tell

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: APE1; inhibitors; cancer.

Online: 1 June 2023 (07:05:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0032.v1

Identification Mechanism of BACE1 on Inhibitors Probed by Using Multiple Separate Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Comparative Calculations of Binding Free Energies

Yinwen Wang, Fen Yang, Dongliang Yan, Yalin Zeng, Benzheng Wei, Jianzhong Chen, Weikai He

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: BACE1; Alzheimer's disease; molecular dynamics simulations, SIE; MM-GBSA

Online: 1 June 2023 (04:57:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0031.v1

Detection of a Hypercoagulable State in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer Using a Clot Waveform Analysis

Mayu Kobayashi, Hideo Wada, Shunsuke Fukui, Yasuaki Shimada, Yuuichi Nakazawa, Hiroki Mizutani, Yuhuko Ichikawa, Yuuki Nishiura, Isao Moritani, Yutaka Yamanaka, Hidekazu Inoue, Motomu Shimaoka, Hideto Shimpo, Katsuya Shiraki

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: cancer; pancreatic cancer; CWA; APTT; sTF/FIXa; thrombin time

Online: 1 June 2023 (04:53:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0026.v1

Fabian Berg, Dirk Alexander Moser, Verena Hagena, Fabian Streit, Benjamin Mosch, Robert Kumsta, Stephan Herpertz, Martin Diers

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Behavioral Sciences Keywords: Fibromyalgia (FM); miRNA; pleiotropy; gene regulation; epigenetics

Online: 1 June 2023 (04:50:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0028.v1

Drifting of Surface Water Masses in the South Adriatic Suggests an Interpretation of Brachyura Dispersal Based on Pelagic Larvae

Antonia Granata, Alessandro Bergamasco, Vincenzo Bonanzinga, Paolo Celentano, Letterio Guglielmo, Roberta Minutoli, Silvana Vanucci, Francesca Veneziano, Enrico Zambianchi, Genuario Belmonte

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Ecological connectivity; brachyura larvae; diel vertical migration; Pelagic Life Duration; Adriatic Sea

Online: 1 June 2023 (04:48:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0012.v1

Blockade of mGluR5 in Astrocytes Derived From Human iPSCs Modulates Astrocytic Function and Increases Phagocytosis

Izabella B. Q. De Lima, Pablo L. Cardozo, Julia S. Fahel, Juliana P. S. Lacerda, Fabiola M. Ribeiro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: mGluR5; astrocyte; hiPSC; phagocytosis; TNF-α

Online: 1 June 2023 (03:24:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0009.v1

Expression Diﬀerences Between the Eutopic Endometrium With and Without Endometriosis and the Ectopic Endome-trium. A Re-Analysis of Arrays

Muhammad A Riaz, Ezekiel O Mecha, Charles O. A. Omwandho, Felix Zeppernick, Ivo Meinhold-Heerlein, Lutz Konrad

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: endometrium; endometriosis; epithelial-mesenchymal transition; EMT; claudins; keratins

Online: 1 June 2023 (03:10:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0008.v1

Comparative Analysis of Plant Morphological Features and Molecular Genetic Data for Polymorphism Study in Genus Tulipa L. and Determining the Tulip Species

Maria V. Semenova, Ludmila S. Olekhnovich, Olga L. Enina

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: Tulipa; tulip; species; identification; DNA; PCR; ISSR analysis; morphological features

Online: 1 June 2023 (03:06:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2272.v1

The Hypocholesterolemic Potential of the Edible Algae Fucus Vesiculosus: Proteomic and Quantitative PCR Analysis

Rebeca André, Rita Pacheco, Ana Catarina Alves, Hugo M. Santos, Mafalda Bourbon, Maria-Luísa Serralheiro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Fucus vesiculosus; cholesterol synthesis; cholesterol excretion; , Ezetimibe; , NPC1L1; ABCG5; qRT-PCR; mRNA

Online: 31 May 2023 (14:54:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2270.v1

Growing Season Conditions and Isolate Are Important Determinants of Brassica Napus Susceptibility to Aggressive Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum Isolates

Pippa J Michael, Ashmita Rijal Lamichhane, Sarita Jane Bennett

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Sclerotinia stem rot; SSR; pathogen; canola/rapeseed; sclerotia; lesion

Online: 31 May 2023 (14:44:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2262.v1

Five Important Seeds in Traditional Medicine, Pharmacological Benefits and Seed Biology

Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian, Wenli Sun

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Anise; Basil, Borage, Cilantro; Chamomile; Seed Biology; Seed Production; Seed Germination; Seed Dormancy; Seed Priming, Seedling Establishment; Anatomy and Germination

Online: 31 May 2023 (14:25:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2258.v1

Resistant Bacteria in Broiler Litter Used as Ruminant Feed Before and After Litter Treatment

Sameer J. Mabjeesh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance; anti-microbials; coccidiostats; MALDI-TOF-MS analysis; Kirby-Bauer test; broiler litter

Online: 31 May 2023 (13:26:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2257.v1

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Central China based on SNP Markers

Aixia Yang, Xiaolei Ding, Yuan Feng, Tingting Chen, Jianren Ye

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: Bursaphelenchus xylophilus; SNP; genetic diversity; population differentiation (List three to ten pertinent keywords specific to the article yet reasonably common within the subject discipline.)

Online: 31 May 2023 (13:23:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2251.v1

Use of High Protein and High Dietary Fibre Vegetable Processing Waste for Pasta Fortification

Dorota Teterycz, Aldona Sobota

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: durum wheat pasta; by-products; zero-waste; plant protein sources; pepper seeds; pepper placenta; tomato waste; amino acids composition

Online: 31 May 2023 (13:02:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2247.v1

One-Step Soft Agar Enrichment and Isolation of Human Lung Bacteria Inhibiting the Germination of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia

Fabio Palmieri, Margo Magnin, Jérémy Diserens, Manon Gresse, Eric Bernasconi, Julie Pernot, Apiha Shanmuganathan, Aurélien Trompette, Christophe Von Garnier, Thomas Junier, Samuel Neuenschwander, Saskia Bindschedler, Marco Pagni, Angela Koutsokera, Niki Ubags, Pilar Junier

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: lung microbiome; bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF); antagonistic bacteria; biocontrol; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; aspergillosis

Online: 31 May 2023 (12:52:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2241.v1

Zebra Finch Females Can Assess Male Quality via Olfaction

Luisa Amo, Isabel López Rull

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Behavioral Sciences Keywords: avian olfaction; Sexual selection; Social selection; chemical cues; Partner quality

Online: 31 May 2023 (11:54:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2231.v1

Interactive Effects of Ceftriaxone and Chitosan Immobilization on the Production of Arachidonic Acid by and the Microbiome of the Chlorophyte Lobosphaera sp. IPPAS C-2047

Svetlana Vasilieva, Alexandr Lukyanov, Christina Antipova, Timofei Grigoriev, Elena Lobakova, Olga Chivkunova, Pavel Scherbakov, Petr Zaytsev, Olga Gorelova, Tatiana Fedorenko, Dmitry Kochkin, Alexei Solovchenko

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Lobosphaera; attached cultivation; antibiotics; bioremoval, arachidonic acid

Online: 31 May 2023 (11:00:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2229.v1

MALDI-TOF MS KPC Direct Detection from Patients’ Positive Blood Culture Bottles, Short-term Cultures and Colonies at the Hospital

Agustina Costa, Roque Arnulfo Figueroa-Espinosa, Jerson Andrés Martínez, Liliana Fernández-Canigia, María Ivana Maldonado, Silvina Bergese, Ana Schneider, Carlos Vay, Carlos Hernán Rodriguez, Marcela Nastro, Gabriel Osvaldo Gutkind, José Alejandro Di Conza

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: KPC; blood culture; short-term culture; MALDI-TOF MS

Online: 31 May 2023 (10:50:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2223.v1

The Impact of Mild Chronic Stress and Maternal Experience in the Fmr1 Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome

Enejda Subashi, Valerie Lemaire, Valeria Petroni, Susanna Pietropaolo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Neurodevelopmental disorders; unpredictable stress; ultrasonic communication; Fmr1; maternal care

Online: 31 May 2023 (10:35:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2222.v1

Microbiome: The Next Frontier in Psychedelic Renaissance

Robert B. Kargbo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Psychedelic renaissance; Mental health; Therapeutic potential; Gut microbiome; Psychedelic substances; Personalized medicine; Gut-brain axis; Mood regulation; Microbiome-targeted interventions; Psychopharmacology

Online: 31 May 2023 (10:32:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2205.v1

Maternal and Infant Histo-Blood Group Antigens (Hbga) Profiles and It’s Influence on Oral Rotavirus Vaccine (Rotarix®) Immunogenicity Among Infants in Zambia

Adriace Chauwa, Natasha Makabilo Laban, Samuel Bosomprah, Bernard Phiri, Mwelwa Chibuye, Obvious Nchimunya Chilyabanyama, Sody Munsaka, Michelo Simuyandi, Innocent Mwape, Cynthia Mubanga, Masuzyo Chirwa, Caroline Chisenga, Roma Chilengi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Rotavirus; vaccines; histo-blood groups; immunogenicity; Zambia

Online: 31 May 2023 (08:43:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2204.v1

Genome-Wide Association Mapping of Oil Content and Seed Related Traits in Shea Tree (Vitellaria paradoxa subsp. nilotica) Population

Juventine Boaz Odoi, Emmanuel Amponsah Adjei, Michael Teye Barnor, Richard Edema, Samson Gwali, Danguah Agyemang, Thomas Lapaka Odong, Prasad S. Hendre

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Linked; marker association; annotation; Genes

Online: 31 May 2023 (08:41:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2202.v1

Characterization of Chitin Synthase B Gene (HvChsb) and the Effects on Feeding Behavior in Heortia vitessoides Moore

Chen Qing Ling, Sun Ming Xu, Wang Han Yang, Liang Xiao Han, Yin Ming Liang, Lin Tong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Heortia vitessoides Moore; Chitin synthase B gene; RNA interference; Starvation; Refeeding

Online: 31 May 2023 (08:36:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2198.v1

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Enhances the Bioactive Compounds Content and the Anti-bacterial Activities in Curcuma longa

Munirah F. Aldayel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Curcumin longa; Zinc oxide; Antibacterial; nanoparticles

Online: 31 May 2023 (08:23:20 CEST)

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Incorporating nanoparticles into plant cultivation has been shown to improve growth parameters and alter the bioactive component compositions of many plant species, including Curcumin longa. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of foliar application of zinc oxide na-noparticles on the content of bioactive compounds and their antibacterial activities against poten-tial bacterial pathogens. To this end, C. longa leaves were treated with different doses of ZnO NPs to see how they affected bioactive component composition. The effect of different doses of ZnO NPs on the accumulation of bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and curcumin in etha-nolic extracts of C. longa rhizomes was evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). When compared to the control treatment, foliar spraying with (5 and 40 mgL-1) ZnO NPs increased bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and curcumin levels by approximately (2.69 and 2.84), (2.61 and 3.22), and (2.90 and 3.45) fold, respectively. It was looked at to see if the ethanolic extracts made from the plantlets might change in terms of their phytochemical makeup and antibacterial properties. Furthermore, the results revealed that C. long-ZnO-NPs displayed antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa tested bacterium strains, but made little attempt against E. coli. The MIC for P. aeruginosa was 100 g/mL. Time-kill studies also revealed that ZnO-NPs at 4 MIC killed P. aeruginosa, Actinobacteria baumannii, and Bacillus sp. after 2 hours, while S. aureus did not grow when treated with 4xMIC of the extract for 6 hours. The strongest antibacterial activity was seen with extract from plantlets grown without nanoparticles for P. aeruginosa, whereas it was seen with extract from plantlets grown in the presence of 5 mg/L ZnO-NPs for E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa. These findings show that ZnO-NPs are a pow-erful enhancer of bioactive compound production in C. longa, a trait that can be used to combat antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacterial species.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2193.v1

Awareness and Perception of Drug Resistant TB Among Healthcare Providers in the Public (Government) and Private Sectors in Northern and Central India: An Exploratory Survey

Pratibha Kohli, Ramendra Pandey, Mohan P. Kohli, Salil Bhargava, V. Samuel Raj

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Tuberculosis; Drug Resistant; Management; Awareness

Online: 31 May 2023 (08:00:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2192.v1

Identification of Climate-Smart Bread Wheat Germplasm Lines With Enhanced Adaptation to Global Warming

Anil Patidar, Mahesh C. Yadav, Jyoti Kumari, Shailesh Tiwari, Gautam Chawla, Vijay Paul

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Bread wheat; climate-smart germplasm; adaptation; global warming; heat tolerance; yield stability

Online: 31 May 2023 (07:53:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2182.v1

Advances in Somatic Embryogenesis of Banana

Mark Adero, Jaindra N. Tripathi, Leena Tripathi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Banana; Somatic embryogenesis; Embryogenic cell suspension; Morphogenic genes

Online: 31 May 2023 (07:33:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2174.v1

Exploitation of Quercetin Antioxidative Properties in Potential Alternative Therapeutic Options of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Viorica Rarinca, Mircea Nicusor Nicoara, Dorel Ureche, Alin Ciobica

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: oxidative stress; neurodegenerative diseases; quercetin; neuroprotective effects

Online: 31 May 2023 (07:11:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2170.v1

UV-DDB as a General Sensor of DNA Damage in Chromatin: A Direct Role in Base Excision Repair

Sripriya J Raja, Bennett Van Houten

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: DNA damage; base excision repair; nucleotide excision repair; UV-DDB; chromatin; nucleosome; DNA glycosylases; single molecule; cell biology; biochemistry

Online: 31 May 2023 (05:44:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2173.v1

Regulation of Plant Translation under Abiotic Stress. A Molecular Orchestration

Aleksandra V. Suhorukova, Denis S. Sobolev, Irina G. Milovskaya, Vitaliy S. Fadeev, Irina V. Goldenkova-Pavlova, Alexander A. Tyurin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: abioitic stress; regulation of plant translation; IRES; 5’-UTR, uORF; codon bias; G-qudruplex

Online: 31 May 2023 (05:38:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2171.v1

Therapeutic Potential of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (Cape) and Derivatives With Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Neuroprotective Activities

Rebeca Perez, Viviana Burgos, Víctor Marín, Antonio Camins, Jordi Olloquequi., Ivan Gonzalez-Chavarría, Henning Ulrich, Ursula Wyneken, Leandro Ortiz, Cristian Paz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: caffeic acid phenethyl ester; CAPE derivatives; anti-inflammatory; NF-kB; antioxidant; Nrf2; neuroprotection

Online: 31 May 2023 (05:32:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2167.v1

Effect of Biochar Application on Morpho-Physiological Traits, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency of Tomato Crop Under Water Quality and Deficit

Abdullah Obadi, Abdulaziz Alharbi, Abdulrasoul Alomran, Abdulaziz Alghamdi, Ibrahim Louki, Arafat Alkhasha

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: biochar; salinity; drought; tomato; water; irrigation; growth; fruit; yield; photosynthesis.

Online: 31 May 2023 (03:51:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2165.v1

Cranial Investigations of Crested Porcupine (Hystrix cristata) by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Anatomical Gross-sections

Daniel Morales Bordon, Mario Encinoso Quintana, Alberto Arencibia, José Raduan Jaber

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging; gross sections; rodents; head anatomy; CNS; crested porcupine

Online: 31 May 2023 (03:40:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2069.v1

Antioxidants Prevent Iron Accumulation and Lipid Peroxidation, but do not Correct Autophagy Dysfunction or Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in Cellular Models of BPAN

Alejandra Suárez-Carrillo, Mónica Álvarez-Córdoba, Ana Romero-González, Marta Talaverón-Rey, Suleva Povea-Cabello, Paula Cilleros-Holgado, Rocío Piñero-Pérez, Diana Reche-López, David Gómez-Fernández, José M. Romero-Domínguez, Manuel Munuera-Cabeza, Antonio Díaz, Susana Gonzalez-Granero, José M. García-Verdugo, And José A. Sánchez-Alcázar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: BPAN; WDR45; antioxidants; autophagy; iron accumulation

Online: 31 May 2023 (03:32:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1836.v3

The Combination of Binding-Avidity of Ovomucoid-Specific IgE Antibody and Specific IgG4 Antibody Can Predict Positive Outcome of Oral Food Challenge during Stepwise Slow Oral Immunotherapy in Children with Hen’s Egg Allergy

Shoichiro Taniuchi, Rika Sakai, Takashi Nishida, Meguru Goma, Masatoshi Mitomori, Aya Imaide, Masahiro Enomoto, Masamitsu Nishino, Yo Okizuka, Hiroshi Kido

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: oral immunotherapy; hen’s egg allergy; IgE binding-avidity; ovomucoid specific IgE; ovomucoid specific IgG4; oral food challenge

Online: 31 May 2023 (02:28:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2155.v1

Budesonide Analogues Preserve Stem Cell Pluripotency and Delay 3D Gastruloid Development

Filomena Amoroso, Eduardo Ibello, Federica Saracino, Federica Cermola, Giovanna Ponticelli, Enrica Scalera, Francesca Ricci, Gino Villetti, Gilda Cobellis, Gabriella Minchiotti, Eduardo Jorge Patriarca, Dario De Cesare, Cristina D'Aniello

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: drug toxicity; budesonide analogues; stem cells; pluripotency exit; 3D gastruloids

Online: 30 May 2023 (13:48:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2151.v1

A Class of Models That Support a Maximum Entropy Principle for Age Structure

Henri Laurie

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Population dynamics; age structure; entropy; Maximum Entropy Principle

Online: 30 May 2023 (13:20:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2146.v1

Survival, Development, and Fecundity of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Various Host Plant Species and Their Implication for the Pest Management

Ihsan Nurkomar, Dina Wahyu Trisnawati, Fajrin Fahmi, Damayanti Buchori

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: fall armyworm; integrated pest management; invasive pest; Spodoptera frugiperda

Online: 30 May 2023 (13:01:54 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2145.v1

Ultrasound-Based Technologies for the Evaluation of Testicles in the Dog: Keystones and Breakthroughs

Claudia Bracco, Alessia Gloria, Alberto Contri

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Dog; Testis; Ultrasonography; B-flow; Doppler; CEUS; Sonoelastography

Online: 30 May 2023 (12:54:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2144.v1

SIRT5 Activation and Inorganic Phosphate Binding Reduce Cancer Cells Vitality by Modulating Autophagy/Mitophagy and ROS

Federica Barreca, Michele Aventaggiato, Laura Vitiello, Luigi Sansone, Matteo Antonio Russo, Antonello Mai, Sergio Valente, Marco Tafani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Autophagy; Mitophagy; ROS; Sirtuins; Glutamine; Glutaminase; Hypoxia

Online: 30 May 2023 (12:51:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2143.v1

Influence of Dried Maitake and Enoki Mushroom Addition on Antioxidant, Potentially Anti-inflammatory, and Anti-cancer Properties of Enriched Pasta

Magdalena Szydłowska-Tutaj, Urszula Szymanowska, Krzysztof Tutaj, Dorota Domagała, Urszula Złotek

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: mushrooms; pasta fortification; antioxidant activities; anti-inflammatory properties; anticancer properties

Online: 30 May 2023 (12:44:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2134.v1

Volatile Short-chain Aliphatic Aldehydes Act as Taste Modulators through the Orally Expressed Calcium-sensing Receptor CaSR

Seiji Kitajima, Yutaka Maruyama, Motonaka Kuroda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: CaSR; calcium-sensing receptor; aldehyde; isovaleraldehyde; kokumi substance; methional; sensory evaluation

Online: 30 May 2023 (11:57:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2133.v1

Structural Evolution of Primate Glutamate Dehydrogenase 2 as Revealed by in Silico Predictions and Experimentally Determined Structures

Ionela Litso, Andreas Plaitakis, Vasiliki E. Fadouloglou, Mary Providaki, Michael Kokkinidis, Ioannis Zaganas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: glutamate dehydrogenase; alpha fold; protein structure prediction; primate evolution

Online: 30 May 2023 (11:55:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2124.v1

Effects of Adjuvants on the Effectiveness and Rainfastness of Rimsulfuron in Potato

Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim, Elham Samadi Kalkhoran, Roghayyeh Majd, Seyedeh Asieh Khatami, Te-Ming Paul Tseng, Ilias Travlos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Chemical control; Dose-response; Herbicide efficacy; Growth stages; Surfactant

Online: 30 May 2023 (11:22:30 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2122.v1

The Interplay between Histone Modifiers and p53 in Regulating Gene Expression

Hyun-Min Kim, Xiaoyu Zheng, Ethan Lee

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Histone modifications; p53; cancer; gene regulation; chromatin structure

Online: 30 May 2023 (11:14:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2117.v1

TLR4 Overexpression Aggravates Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Apoptosis via Excessive Autophagy and Nf-κB/Mapk Signaling in Transgenic Mammal Models

Sutian Wang, Kunli Zhang, Xuting Song, Qiuyan Huang, Sen Lin, Shoulong Deng, Meiyu Qi, Yecheng Yang, Qi Lu, Duowei Zhao, Fanming Meng, Jianhao Li, Zhengxing Lian, Chenglong Luo, Yuchang Yao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Toll-like receptor 4; transgenic animal model; autophagy; apoptosis; inflammation; oxidative stress

Online: 30 May 2023 (10:44:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2113.v1

Comparative Characterization of Immune Response in Sheep With Caseous Lymphadenitis Through Analysis of the Whole Blood Transcriptome

Jitka Kyselová, Ladislav Tichý, Zuzana Sztankóová, Jiřina Marková, Kateřina Kavanová, Monika Beinhauerová, Michala Mušková

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis; gene expression; immunogenetics; RNA-seq

Online: 30 May 2023 (10:33:59 CEST)

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Biology and Life Sciences