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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0053.v1

Analysis of Environmental Factors Caused by Exposure to Air Pollution in Yeosu Industrial Complex: Analyzing Google Trend Trends in Cancer Generation through Big Data

Kil Yong Choi, BuSoon Son, WonHo Yang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Atomic And Molecular Physics Keywords: Google Trend; Particulate Matter; National Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Information System; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Big Data

Online: 2 August 2020 (18:29:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0078.v1

Correlations between Air Permeability Coefficients and Pore Structure Indicators of Cementitious Materials

Yuya Sakai

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: air permeability; total pore volume; critical pore diameter; threshold pore diameter; median pore diameter; Katz–Thompson equation

Online: 6 December 2018 (07:50:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0259.v1

Image-based Restoration of the Concrete Void System Using 2D-to-3D Unfolding Technique

Yu Song, Chuanyue Shen, Robbie Damiani, David Lange

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: air void analysis; freeze-thaw; flatbed scanner; stereology; unfolding; 3D void analysis; void size distribution; lognormal distribution; logarithmic binning

Online: 8 November 2020 (14:53:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0130.v1

Assessment and Calibration on Low-cost PM2.5 Sensor using Machin Learning (Hybrid-LSTM Neural Network): Feasibility Study to Build Air Quality Monitoring System

Donggeun Park, Geon-Woo Yoo, Seong-Ho Park, Jong-Hyeon Lee

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: machine learning; deep learning; calibration; air quality; low-cost sensors; exposure assessment

Online: 7 September 2021 (14:24:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0099.v1

A Comparison of Ethylene Tar-Derived Isotropic Pitches Prepared by Air Blowing and Nitrogen Distillation Method and Their Carbon Fibers

Kui Shi, Jianxiao Yang, Chong Ye, Hongbo Liu, Xuanke Li

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Other Keywords: Carbon fiber; ethylene tar; isotropic pitch; air blowing

Online: 10 December 2018 (11:54:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0057.v1

Microbiological Air Quality in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Systems of Surgical and Intensive Care Areas: Application of a Disinfection Procedure for the Dehumidification Devices

Michele Totaro, Anna Laura Costa, Beatrice Casini, Sara Profeti, Antonio Gallo, Lorenzo Frendo, Andrea Porretta, Paola Valentini, Gaetano Privitera, Angelo Baggiani

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: HVAC; Aspergillus spp.; hydrogen peroxide; air disinfection

Online: 4 December 2018 (10:56:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0081.v1

Effect of Air Pollution from Pedestrian Traffic in An Open Market: A Case Study of Bodija Market

Oluyemisi Joy Oladejo, Timothy Oluseyi Odeyale, Bukola Adiamo

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Architecture Keywords: air pollution; particulate; PM2.5; open market; pedestrian traffic

Online: 4 August 2020 (08:20:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0298.v2

Cosmic Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory

Piotr Homola, Dmitriy Beznosko, Gopal Bhatta, Łukasz Bibrzycki, Łukasz Bratek, Michalina Borczyńska, Nikolay M. Budnev, Dariusz Burakowski, David Edwin Alvarez-Castillo, Kevin Almeida Cheminant, Aleksander Ćwikła, Punsiri Dam-o, Niraj Dhital, Alan Duffy, Piotr Głownia, Krzysztof Gorzkiewicz, Dariusz Góra, Alok C. Gupta, Zuzana Hlávková, Martin Homola, Joanna Jałocha, Robert Kamiński, Michał Karbowiak, Marcin Kasztelan, Renata Kierepko, Marek Knap, Péter Kovács, Szymon Kuliński, Bartosz Łozowski, Marek Magryś, Mikhail V. Medvedev, Justyna Mędrala, Jerzy W. Mietelski, Justyna Miszczyk, Alona Mozgova, Antonio Napolitano, Vahab Nazari, Y. Jack Ng, Michał Niedźwiecki, Cristina Oancea, Bogusław Ogan, Gabriela Opiła, Krzysztof Oziomek, Maciej Pawlik, Marcin Piekarczyk, Bożena Poncyljusz, Jerzy Pryga, Matías Rosas, Krzysztof Rzecki, Jilberto Zamora-Saa, Katarzyna Smelcerz, Karel Smolek, Weronika Stanek, Jarosław Stasielak, Slawomir Stuglik, Jolanta Sulma, Oleksandr Sushchov, Manana Svanidze, Kyle Tam, Arman Tursunov, José-M. Vaquero, Tadeusz Wibig, Krzysztof W. Woźniak

Subject: Physical Sciences, Nuclear And High Energy Physics Keywords: cosmic rays; cosmic ray ensembles; extensive air showers; large scale cosmic ray correlations; CREDO Collaboration

Online: 15 October 2020 (16:13:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0568.v1

Vehicle Emission Models and Traffic Simulators: A Review

Maksymilian Mądziel

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: vehicles; emission modelling; traffic simulation; air pollution; emission compounds

Online: 19 April 2023 (08:06:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0058.v1

The Relationship between the Air Content in the Mortar and Concrete for Different Types of Cement

Beata Łaźniewska-Piekar, Jacek Gołaszewski

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: air-entraining admixture, air-content, cement, mortar, concrete, porosity.

Online: 5 September 2019 (10:31:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0250.v1

Associations between Indoor Air Pollution and Acute Respiratory Infections among Under-Five Children in Afghanistan: Do SES and Sex Matter?

Juwel Rana, Jalal Uddin, Richard Peltier, Youssef Oulhote

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: socioeconomic status; indoor air pollution; acute respiratory infection; cooking fuel; under-five children

Online: 23 July 2019 (07:45:08 CEST)

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Background: Low-income families often depend on fuels such as wood, coal, and animal dung for cooking. Such solid fuels are highly polluting and are a primary source of indoor air pollutants (IAP). We examined the association between solid fuel use (SFU) and acute respiratory infection (ARI) among under-five children in Afghanistan and the extent to which this association varies by socioeconomic status (SES) and gender. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study based on de-identified data from Afghanistan’s first standard Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2015. The sample consists of ever-married mothers with under-five children in the household (n=27,565). We used mixed-effect Poisson regression models with robust error variance accounting for clustering to examine the associations between SFU and ARI among under-five children after adjusting for potential confounders. We also investigated potential effect modification by SES and sex. Additional analyses were conducted using an augmented measure of the exposure to IAP accounting for both SFU and the location of cooking/kitchen (High Exposure, Moderate, and No Exposure). Results: Around 70% of households reported SFU, whereas the prevalence of ARI was 17.6%. The prevalence of ARI was higher in children living in households with SFU compared to children living in households with no SFU (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]= 1.10; 95%CI: 0.98, 1.23). We did not observe any effect modification by SES or child sex. When using the augmented measure of exposure incorporating the kitchen’s location, children highly exposed to IAP had a higher prevalence of ARI compared to unexposed children (aPR 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.32). SES modified this association with the strongest associations observed among children from the middle wealth quintile. Conclusion: The findings have significant policy implications and suggest that ARI risk in children may be reduced by ensuring clean cookstove as well as clean fuels and acting on the socio-environmental pathways.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0317.v1

Characterizing the Performance of a Compact BTEX GC-PID for Near-Real Time Analysis and Field Deployment

Isis Frausto-Vicencio, Alondra Moreno, Hugh Goldsmith, Ying-Kuang Hsu, Francesca M. Hopkins

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: BTEX; Benzene; Air Toxics, Gas Chromatography; Traffic Emissions

Online: 15 February 2021 (16:02:26 CET)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0274.v1

The Parthenogenerator: Energy out of Thin Air

Teddy Manning, Max Gotts

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: electrical generator; steam-power; air/ground-source heat pump; ambient temperature; parthenogenerator

Online: 16 April 2020 (13:00:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0040.v1

Acids Can Promote the Onset and Multimorbidity of Allergic and Nonallergic Airway Diseases

Giuliano Molinari, Laura Molinari, Elsa Nervo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: acid, air pollution, allergic diseases, Ca2+, mechanisms of allergy, multimorbidity, nonallergic, nonatopic

Online: 5 June 2019 (10:42:43 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0305.v1

COVID-19 Mitigation in a K-12 School Setting: A Case Study of Avenues: The World School in New York City

Ananya Iyengar, Steve Hanon, Richard Bruns, Paula Olsiewski, Gigi Gronvall

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: COVID-19 mitigation, education, indoor air quality, COVID-19 testing

Online: 16 March 2023 (11:16:45 CET)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0314.v2

Semen Quality as a Potential Susceptibility Indicator to SARS-CoV-2 Insults in Polluted Areas

Luigi Montano, Ian Marc Bonapace, Francesco Donato, Pietro Massimiliano Bianco, Antonino Guglielmino, Marina Piscopo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: air pollution; COVID-19; semen quality; environmental marker; health marker; oxidative stress

Online: 6 July 2020 (09:48:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0151.v2

Commercial Forest Carbon Protocol Over-credit Bias Delimited by Zero-threshold Carbon Accounting

Bruno D.V. Marino, Nahuel Bautista

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: American Carbon Registry; California Action Reserve; California Air Resources Board; VERRA; Clean Development Mechanism; net ecosystem exchange

Online: 7 July 2021 (11:54:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0571.v1

Human Exposure to Toxic Metals and Microbiological Pollution via AC-filter Dust from Industrial, Residential and Agricultural Areas: Assessment of Health Risks

Saad Dahlawi, Saif Ullah, Abdulaziz. A. AlMulla, Mahmoud.M. Berekaa, Asif Naeem, Khalid Mehmood, Hassan Saho, Ali AlOkhwan, Mustafa AlHassan, Abdullah AlQahtani

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: air-conditioned filer dust; indoor environment; heavy metal; biological contaminants; risk assessment

Online: 26 August 2020 (09:08:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0604.v1

Analysis of Air Quality by Ventilation in House in the Framework of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Spain

Patricia Aguilera-Benito, Carolina Piña-Ramirez, Giacomo Viccione, Ester Lepore

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: ventilation; indoor air quality; COVID-19; aerosols; Spain

Online: 24 June 2021 (12:02:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0600.v1

Methane, Nitrous Oxide and Ammonia Emissions from Livestock Farming in the Red River Delta, Vietnam: An Inventory and Projection for 2000-2030

An Ha Truong, Minh Thuy Kim, Thi Thu Nguyen, Ngoc Tung Nguyen, Quang Trung Nguyen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: emission inventory; livestock; greenhouse gases; air pollutant

Online: 30 September 2018 (06:04:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0409.v1

Analysis of Air Pollutant Emissions for Mechanized Rice Cultivation in Korea

Gyu Gang Han, Jun Hyuk Jeon, Yong Jin Cho, Myoung Ho Kim, Seong Min Kim

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Air Pollutant Emissions; Rice Cultivation; Agricultural Machinery; Tier 1 Methodology; Geographic Information System

Online: 27 October 2021 (13:22:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0102.v1

Different Aspects Connected with Lubricants

Kirill Voinov, Altyn Esbulatova, Yahia Ghellab, Oualid Belili, Tarek Nasr

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: lubrication; new organic lubricant; plastic; holding lubricant in mechanisms; clear ecology air; MathCad calculation; test bench; experiment; catch car gases

Online: 8 March 2019 (04:30:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0587.v1

The Lavatory Lens: Tracking the Global Movement of Pathogens via Aircraft Wastewater

Aaron Bivins, Robert Morfino, Andrew Franklin, Stu Simpson, Warish Ahmed

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: air travel; infectious disease; sentinel surveillance; wastewater surveillance; aircraft

Online: 9 May 2023 (07:49:15 CEST)

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Modern commercial air travel connects disparate human populations with the global airline industry transporting up to 4.5 billion passengers annually in the years leading up to the COVID-19 pandemic. While such connections are convenient for commerce and tourism, air travel networks can also be efficient distributors of infectious diseases such as influenza, SARS-CoV-1, hemorrhagic fevers, and more recently SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox. During the COVID-19 pandemic, public health agencies used multi-layered control strategies including pre-departure testing and vaccination requirements, masking, post-arrival testing, and quarantine to manage the risk of COVID-19 transmission associated with air travel. Simultaneously, the surveillance of aircraft wastewater emerged as a promising new data source to screen for SARS-CoV-2 infections, including newly emergent lineages, among international air travelers. Herein, we review the potential of aircraft wastewater for public health surveillance. The known contributing population and flight itinerary combined with the highly concentrated waste stream and convenient sampling during routine lavatory servicing make aircraft wastewater a strategic opportunity for unintrusive surveillance of the global fluxes of human pathogens. We estimate for the cases of fecal- or urine-shed pathogens, sampling from 3,500 and 1,250 flights per week, respectively, would be required to survey 10% of all global long-haul flight passengers. In the case of the United States, achieving 10% coverage of all international arrivals would require sampling from 925 and 322 flights per week, respectively. Aircraft wastewater surveillance could also be integrated with network and infectious disease models to better inform traditional public health control measures during emerging epidemics. Given the tremendous potential for public good and the massive economic costs of epidemics, governments should consider international collaboration to create a global aircraft wastewater surveillance system.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0128.v2

Conjunctivitis and Exposure to Ambient Ozone

Mieczyslaw Szyszkowicz, Ariela Gordon Shaag, Einat Shneor

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: air pollution; conjunctivitis; exposure; linear; model; case-crossover; poisson

Online: 17 April 2019 (11:58:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0068.v1

Mitigation of Airborne PRRSV Transmission with UV Light Treatment: Proof-of-concept

Peiyang Li, Jacek A. Koziel, Jeffrey J. Zimmerman, Jianqiang Zhang, Ting-Yu Cheng, Wannarat Yim-Im, William S. Jenks, Myeongseong Lee, Baitong Chen, Steven J. Hoff

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: air purification; animal production; porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome; livestock health,; livestock biosecurity; swine diseases; ultraviolet light

Online: 2 March 2021 (10:08:23 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0039.v1

Dietary antiplatelets: a new perspective on the health benefits of the water-soluble tomato concentrate Fruitflow®

Niamh O’Kennedy, Ruedi Duss, Asim K Duttaroy

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Platelet function, platelet activation, platelet hyperactivity, platelet-leukocyte aggregates, inflammation, immunothrombosis, particulate air pollution, dietary antiplatelet, water-soluble tomato extract; Fruitflow; Tomato

Online: 2 April 2021 (08:12:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0089.v1

Nusselt Numbers and Friction Factor Determination of Air-Side Finned Heat Exchangers – Individual Correlations of Each Row

Mateusz Marcinkowski, Dawid Taler, Jan Taler, Katarzyna Węglarz

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: plate-fin and tube heat exchanger; air-side Nusselt number; different heat transfer coefficient in particular tube row; numerical simulation; CFD simulation; air heat pump

Online: 6 July 2022 (08:49:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0461.v1

Validating Salinity From SMAP With Saildrones and Research Vessel Data During EUREC4A-OA/ATOMIC

Kashawn Hall, Alton Daley, Shanice Whitehall, Sanola Sandiford, Chelle Leigh Gentemann

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Oceanography Keywords: Saildrone; Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP); Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM); EUREC4A; ATOMIC; physical oceanography; remote sensing; air-sea interactions

Online: 24 August 2021 (08:43:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0535.v1

Source Contributions to Ozone Formation in the New South Wales Greater Metropolitan Region, Australia

Hiep Nguyen Duc, Lisa T.-C. Chang, Toan Trieu, David Salter, Yvonne Scorgie

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: ozone; greater metropolitan region of Sydney; source contribution; source attribution; air quality model; Cubic Conformal Atmospheric Model (CCAM); Chemical Transport Model (CTM)

Online: 27 September 2018 (06:17:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0607.v1

Skill-Testing Chemical Transport Models across Contrasting Atmospheric Mixing States Using Radon-222

Scott D. Chambers, Elise-Andree Guérette, Khalia Monk, Alan D. Griffiths, Yang Zhang, Hiep Duc, Martin Cope, Kathryn M. Emmerson, Lisa T. Chang, Jeremy D. Silver, Steven Utembe, Jagoda Crawford, Alastair G. Williams, Melita Keywood

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: radon; atmospheric stability; air quality; model evaluation; modelling; SNBL; ABL; urban pollution

Online: 28 November 2018 (07:00:41 CET)

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We propose a new technique to prepare statistically-robust benchmarking data for evaluating chemical transport model meteorology and air quality parameters within the urban boundary layer. The approach employs atmospheric class-typing, using nocturnal radon measurements to assign atmospheric mixing classes, and can be applied temporally (across the diurnal cycle), or spatially (to create angular distributions of pollutants as a top-down constraint on emissions inventories). In this study only a short (<1-month) campaign is used, but grouping of the relative mixing classes based on nocturnal mean radon concentrations can be adjusted according to dataset length (i.e., number of days per category), or desired range of within-class variability. Calculating hourly distributions of observed and simulated values across diurnal composites of each class-type helps to: (i) bridge the gap between scales of simulation and observation, (ii) represent the variability associated with spatial and temporal heterogeneity of sources and meteorology without being confused by it, and (iii) provide an objective way to group results over whole diurnal cycles that separates ‘natural complicating factors’ (synoptic non-stationarity, rainfall, mesoscale motions, extreme stability, etc.) from problems related to parameterizations, or between-model differences. We demonstrate the utility of this technique using output from a suite of seven contemporary regional forecast and chemical transport models. Meteorological model skill varied across the diurnal cycle for all models, with an additional dependence on the atmospheric mixing class that varied between models. From an air quality perspective, model skill regarding the duration and magnitude of morning and evening “rush hour” pollution events varied strongly as a function of mixing class. Model skill was typically the lowest when public exposure would have been the highest, which has important implications for assessing potential health risks in new and rapidly evolving urban regions, and also for prioritizing the areas of model improvement for future applications.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0211.v1

Assessment of Factors Influencing Personal Exposure to Air Pollution on Main Roads in Bogota: A Mixed-Method Study

Jeadran Malagon-Rojas, Eliana L. Parra-Barrera, Yesith G. Toloza-Pérez, Hanna Soto, Luisa F. Lagos, Daniela Méndez, Andrea Rico, Julia E. Almentero, Mónica A Quintana-Cortés, Diana C. Pinzón-Silva, Andrés García, John Benavídez-Piracón, Diana C. Zona-Rubio, Claudia Portilla, Maria A. Wilches-Mogollón, Sol A. Romero, Luis Jorge Hernandez, Ricardo Morales, Olga L. Sarmiento

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: air pollution; microenvironment; public health; PM2.5; black carbon; active transport

Online: 15 March 2022 (11:34:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0232.v1

Effect of COVID-19-related Lockdown οn Hospital Admissions for Asthma and COPD Exacerbations: Associations with Air Pollution and Patient Characteristics

Ioanna Sigala, Timoleon Giannakas, Vasileios Giannakoulis, Efthimios Zervas, Aikaterini Mprinia, Niki Gianniou, Andreas Asimakos, Efhrosyni Dima, Ioannis Kalomenidis, Paraskevi Katsaounou

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-SoV-2; hospital admissions; COPD exacerbation; asthma exacerbation; air pollution

Online: 8 June 2021 (13:27:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0213.v1

Improved Satellite Retrieval of Tropospheric NO2 Column Density via Updating of Air Mass Factor (AMF), Part I: Case Study of Southern China

Hugo Wai Leung Mak, Joshua L. Laughner, Jimmy Chi Hung Fung, Qindan Zhu, Ronald C. Cohen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Remote Sensing Techniques; Tropospheric NO2 Column Retrieval; Air Mass Factor (AMF); Meteorological Reformulation; MAX-DOAS measurements; Satellite Informatics

Online: 10 October 2018 (10:08:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0642.v1

On the Use of NB-IoT over GEO Satellite Systems with Time-Packed Optical Feeder Links for Over-the-Air Firmware/Software Updates of Machine-Type Terminals

Joan Bas, Alexis Dowhuszko

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: NB-IoT; DVB-S2(X); High-Throughput Satellite; Optical Feeder Link; Over-the-air updates; Time-Packing; Decode-and-Forward; Scintillation; Beam-Wander; Convolutional Coding

Online: 25 March 2021 (16:15:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0699.v1

Relationship between Climate Variables and New Daily COVID-19 Cases in Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. Mofijur, Islam Md Rizwanul Fattah, A. B. M. Saiful Islam, S.M. Ashrafur Rahman, Mohammad Asaduzzaman Chowdhury

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: COVID-19; Climate indicators; Air Quality; Environment; Pandemic; Coronavirus

Online: 29 July 2020 (12:35:36 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Weapon Configuration, Allocation and Route Planning for a Fleet of Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles

Jianmai Shi, Jiaming Zhang, Hongtao Lei, Zhong Liu

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: unmanned air vehicles; mission planning; routing; weapon configuration; adaptive large neighborhood search

Online: 16 April 2019 (10:40:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0101.v1

Tougher Targets for China’s Clean Air Cities? Implications from Air Quality Assessment in Shenzhen

Dian Huang, Qinglan Li, Guangxin Li, Xiaoxue Wang, Liqun Sun

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: air pollution; air quality standard; spatial pattern; variability; human health protection

Online: 5 October 2018 (14:15:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0240.v1

Dynamic Thermo-physical Characteristics of High Temperature Gaseous Hydrocarbon Fuel Thermal Power Generation for Regeneratively Cooled Hypersonic Propulsion System

Qing Xu, Haowei Li, Yaoxun Feng, Xiaoning Li, Changming Lin, Chaoying Zhou

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: dynamic thermos-physical characteristics; hydrocarbon fuel; thermal power generation (TPG); thermo-mechanical coupling effect; hypersonic air-breathing propulsion

Online: 19 December 2019 (05:30:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0393.v1

Modeling Power Generation and Energy Efficiencies in Air-Cathode Microbial Fuel Cells Based on Freter Equations

Hongjian Lin, Sarah (Xiao) Wu, Jun Zhu

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: exchange current; energy efficiency; heat generation; attached biomass; suspended biomass; single chamber air-cathode

Online: 20 September 2018 (04:10:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0362.v1

Optimization of Time-Weighted Average Air Sampling by Solid-Phase Microextraction Fibers Using Finite Element Analysis Software

Bulat Kenessov, Jacek A. Koziel, Nassiba Baimatova, Olga P. Demyanenko, Miras Derbissalin

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: solid-phase microextraction; air sampling; air analysis; volatile organic compounds; COMSOL; time-weighted average

Online: 19 September 2018 (04:08:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0171.v1

The Effect of Air Quality and Weather on the Chinese Stock Market: Evidence from Shenzhen Stock Exchange

Zhuhua Jiang, Rangan Gupta, Sowmya Subramaniam, Seong-Min Yoon

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Air quality; Extreme weather; MA-MSD method; Investor sentiment; Behavioural finance

Online: 7 August 2020 (04:08:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0141.v2

Fixing Efficiency Values by Unfixing Compressor Speed: Dynamic Test Method for Heat Pumps

Carsten Palkowski, Andreas Zottl, Ivan Malenkovic, Anne Simo

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: heat pump; dynamic test method; seasonal performance factor; variable frequency drive; field approximation; energy label; air source heat pump; ground source heat pump

Online: 15 March 2019 (04:40:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0241.v1

Moisture Estimation in Cabinet Dryer with Thin-Layer Relationships Using Genetic Algorithm and Neural Network

Behzad Maleki, Mahyar Ghazvini, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi, Heydar Maddah, Shahab Shamshirband

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: cabinet dryer; genetic algorithm; neural network; temperature; air velocity; moisture

Online: 24 June 2019 (10:05:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0049.v1

From Entropy Generation to Exergy Efficiency at Varying Reference Environment Temperature: Case Study of an Air Handling Unit

Giedrė Streckienė, Vytautas Martinaitis, Juozas Bielskus

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: HVAC; air handling unit; energy efficiency; exergy efficiency; produced entropy; variable reference temperature; coenthalpy

Online: 5 February 2019 (10:08:03 CET)

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Working Paper COMMUNICATION

Yak vs. Cherry Picker: Human Factors in an Aviation Accident

Dirk Pons

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: human factors; error; air show

Online: 27 August 2020 (05:33:14 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0364.v1

Progress of MOF Derived Functional Materials toward Industrialization in Solar Cells and Metal-Air Batteries

Mohamed Elhousseini Hilal, Abdelkhalek Aboulouard, Abdul Rehman Akbar, Hussein A. Younus, Nesrin Horzum, Francis Verpoort

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electrochemistry Keywords: metal organic frameworks; catalysts; metal-air battery; solar cells; energy storage; energy

Online: 17 July 2020 (06:03:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0154.v1

Effects of Local Meteorology and Emissions on Winter PM2.5 Variability in Fresno

Thishan D. Karandana G., Mark Green, William Stockwell

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Air Pollution; PM2.5; SJV; Winter; Stability; Meteorology

Online: 15 January 2020 (12:51:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0043.v1

Impact of a Telemedicine Program on the Reduction in the Emission of Atmospheric Pollutants and Journeys by Road

Josep Vidal-Alaball, Jordi Franch-Parella, Francesc Lopez Segui, Francesc Garcia Cuyàs, Jacobo Mendioroz Peña

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: telemedicine; carbon dioxide; air pollutants; vehicle emissions; primary care

Online: 4 October 2019 (10:25:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0056.v1

The Current Status of Cigarette Smoking and Air Pollution Associated Lung Cancer

Fayang Ma

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: lung cancer; cigarette smoking; air pollution; epidemiology; etiology

Online: 6 June 2022 (03:51:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0008.v1

Interpolation of Instantaneous Air Temperature Using Geographical and MODIS Derived Variables with Machine Learning Techniques

Marcos Ruiz-Álvarez, Francisco Alonso-Sarría, Francisco Gomariz-Castillo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Air temperature; MODIS; machine learning; interpolation

Online: 3 June 2019 (08:48:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0044.v1

A Study of Structural Organization of Water and Aqueous Solutions by Means of Optical Microscopy

Tatiana Yakhno, Vladimir Yakhno

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: microstructure of liquids; water-salt units; salt microcrystals; hydrated shells; coacervates, self – assembly; air pollution.

Online: 4 January 2019 (14:23:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0088.v2

Alternative Methods For Preheating Outdoor Ventilation Air

Anna Romanska - Zapala Romanska - Zapala, Mark Bomberg, Miroslaw Dechnik, Malgorzata Fedorczak-Cisak, Marcin Furtak

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: earth-air heat exchanger; energy efficiency; using thermal mass; smart and integrated control systems, thermal comfort

Online: 29 October 2019 (09:58:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0022.v1

90 Days of COVID-19 Social Distancing and Its Impacts on Air Quality and Health in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Daniela Debone, Mariana da Costa, Simone Miraglia

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: COVID-19; Air pollution; Air quality; Health effects; Economic burden

Online: 2 August 2020 (11:59:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0144.v1

Air Pollution-Related Health Impacts on Individuals Experiencing Homelessness: Environmental Justice and Health Vulnerability in Salt Lake County, Utah

Angelina DeMarco, Rebecca Hardenbrook, Jeff Rose, Daniel Mendoza

Subject: Social Sciences, Anthropology Keywords: Air pollution; environmental justice; chronic homelessness; unsheltered homelessness; marginalized populations; hidden populations

Online: 7 October 2020 (08:22:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0585.v1

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion – Flexible Enabling Technology for Variable Renewable Energy Integration in the Caribbean

R. J. Brecha, Katherine Schoenenberger, Masaō Ashtine, Randy Koon Koon

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Ocean thermal energy conversion; OTEC; seawater air conditioning; SWAC; desalination; variable renewable energy; wind power; solar PV; 100% renewable energy; Caribbean

Online: 25 February 2021 (13:49:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0250.v1

CYGNSS Surface Heat Flux Product Development

Juan A. Crespo, Derek J. Posselt, Shakeel Asharaf

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: surface heat fluxes; latent heat flux; sensible heat flux; tropics; extratropics; air-sea exchanges; lower atmosphere variables

Online: 25 August 2019 (14:39:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0324.v1

Assessment of Air Quality Perception and Its Effects on Users’ Thermal Comfort in Office Buildings

Candi Citadini de Oliveira, Ricardo Forgiarini Rupp, Enedir Ghisi

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: air quality; carbon dioxide (CO2); thermal comfort; office buildings; mixed-mode buildings.

Online: 11 June 2021 (14:55:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0143.v1

Analysis Study of Hybrid Magnetic Equivalent Circuit of IPMSM

In-Soo Song, Byoung-Wook Jo, Ki-Chan Kim

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: finite element method; hybrid magnetic equivalent circuit; the air gap flux density distribution; rotor shape.

Online: 6 July 2021 (12:21:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0052.v1

Predicting SARS-CoV-2 Weather-Induced Seasonal Virulence from Atmospheric Air Enthalpy

Angelo Spena, Leonardo Palombi, Massimo Corcione, Alessandro Quintino, Mariachiara Carestia, Vincenzo Andrea Spena

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: weather-related SARS-CoV-2 virulence; specific enthalpy of atmospheric moist air; temperature and humidity effects on COVID-19 outbreak; correlating equation; COVID-19 spread prediction risk scale

Online: 5 October 2020 (08:10:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0002.v1

Air Pollution Exposure as a Relevant Risk Factor for COPD Exacerbations in Male and Female Patients

Miguel Enrique Silva Rodriguez, Patricia Silveyra

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: COPD exacerbation; air pollution; hospital admission; sex differences

Online: 1 October 2021 (10:02:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0153.v1

Cosmic-Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory: Status and Perspectives

Dariusz Gora

Subject: Physical Sciences, Atomic And Molecular Physics Keywords: Cosmic-rays; Citizien Science; Extensive air showers

Online: 8 October 2018 (15:45:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0335.v1

Relationship between City Size, Coastal Land Use and Summer Daytime Air Temperature Rise with Distance from Coast

Hideki Takebayashi, Takahiro Tanaka, Masakazu Moriyama, Hironori Watanabe, Hiroshi Miyazaki, Kosuke Kittaka

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: distance from coast; air temperature; land use; city size; Japan; Germany

Online: 18 September 2018 (08:57:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0518.v1

Data Fusion and Visualization of a Multi-Sensor Personal Exposure Campaign

Rok Novak, Ioannis Petridis, David Kocman, Johanna Amalia Robinson, Tjaša Kanduč, Dimitris Chapizanis, Spyros Karakitsios, Benjamin Flückiger, Danielle Vienneau, Ondřej Mikeš, Celine Degrendele, Ondřej Sáňka, Saul García Dos Santos-Alves, Thomas Maggos, Dementra Pardali, Asimina Stamatelopoulou, Dikaia Saraga, Marco Giovanni Persico, Jaideep Visave, Alberto Gotti, Dimosthenis Sarigiannis

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: data fusion; multi-sensor; data visualization; data treatment; participant reports; air quality; exposure assessment

Online: 30 September 2021 (14:13:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0024.v1

Analyzing the Contribution of Road Traffic to Changes of Air Pollutants Using Random Forest: Insights from COVID-19 lockdown in Wuhan

Jiansheng Wu, Yun Qian, Yuan Wang, Na Wang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2); Random Forest; Contribution Rate; Air pollution; COVID-19 lockdown

Online: 2 August 2021 (11:54:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0114.v1

The TRAX Light-Rail Train Air Quality Observation Project

Daniel L. Mendoza, Erik T. Crosman, Logan E. Mitchell, Alexander Jacques, Benjamin Fasoli, Andrew M. Park, John C. Lin, John Horel

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: air quality; mobile observations; light rail; particulate matter; ozone; health outcomes; urban pollution; wildfires; air quality policy; environmental justice

Online: 10 November 2019 (14:36:21 CET)

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Observing air quality from sensors onboard light rail cars in Salt Lake County, Utah began as a pilot study in 2014 and has now evolved into a five-year state-funded program. This metropolitan region suffers from both elevated ozone levels during summer and high PM2.5 events during winter. Pollution episodes result predominantly from local anthropogenic emissions but are also impacted by regional transport of dust, chemical precursors to ozone, and wildfire smoke as well as being exacerbated by the topographical features surrounding the city. Two electric light-rail train cars from the Utah Transit Authority light-rail Transit Express (“TRAX”) system were outfitted with PM2.5 and ozone sensors to measure air quality at high spatial and temporal resolution in this region. Pollutant concentration data underwent quality control procedures to determine whether the train motion affected the readings and how the sensors compared against regulatory sensors. Quality assurance results from data obtained over the past year show that TRAX Observation Project sensors are reliable, which corroborates earlier preliminary validation work. Two case studies from summer 2019 are presented to illustrate the strength of the finely-resolved air quality observations: 1) an elevated ozone event and 2) elevated particulate pollution resulting from 4th of July fireworks. The mobile observations were able to capture spatial gradients as well as pollutant hotspots during both of these episodes. Sensors have been recently added to a third light rail train car, which travels on a north-south oriented rail line along which we were unable to monitor air quality previously. The TRAX Observation Project is currently being used to provide reliable pollutant data for health studies and inform urban planning efforts. Links to real-time data displays and updated information on the quality-controlled data from this study are available at https://atmos.utah.edu/air_quality/trax/.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0043.v1

Determinants of the Quality of the Living Environment, Including PM 2.5 and PM10 Dust Pollution in the Context of Spatial Issues - The Radzionkow Case

Rafał Blazy

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: qlity of the environment; spatial location conditions; air pollution research; the problem of city ventilation; spending of EU funds to improve the quality of the environment

Online: 4 February 2020 (10:34:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0493.v1

Howland Forest, ME, USA: Multi-Gas Flux Record (CO2, CH4, N2O) Establishes New Forest Products Linked to Social Cost of Emission in Contrast to Carbon Limited Sequestration Proxies

Bruno D Marino, Nahuel Bautista, Brandt Rousseaux

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: California Air Resources Board; carbon trading; Climate Action Reserve; eddy covariance; forest carbon protocols; forest carbon supply chain; Green New Deal; Howland Forest; net ecosystem exchange; social cost of CO2, CH4, N2O

Online: 19 March 2021 (08:23:11 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

The Experimental Studies on the EOR Laws of Air Injection Displacement in the Low Permeable Oil Reservoirs

Jian Luan, Pingchuan Dong, Jilong Zheng

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: low permeable oil reservoir; air injection; EOR; dynamic experiments; formulae

Online: 3 February 2020 (04:57:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0126.v1

The Effect of Lockdown Period During Covid-19 Pandemic on Air Quality in Sydney Region, Australia

Hiep Duc, David Salter, Merched Azzi, Ningbo Jiang, Loredana Warren, Sean Watt, Matthew Riley, Stephen White, Toan Trieu, Lisa Tzu-Chi Chang, Xavier Barthelemy, David Fuchs, Hubert Nguyen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Covid-19 lockdown; air quality; Greater Metropolitan Region of Sydney; WRF-CMAQ

Online: 3 March 2021 (10:53:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0448.v1

An Integrated Approach to Air Passenger Index Prediction: Mutual Information Principle and Support Vector Regression (MI-Svr) Blended Model

Honglin Xiong, Chongjun Fan, Collins Opoku ANTWI, yun yang, Xiaomao fan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: airport operation and management; air passenger index(API) prediction; machine learning(ML); mutual information(MI); support vector regression (SVR); K-Means

Online: 20 August 2020 (08:31:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0295.v1

The Cornea and the Oxygen of the Atmosphere

Arturo Solis Herrera, Paola E. Solís Arias

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Air; cornea; epithelium; interphase; metabolism; oxygen; precorneal film

Online: 16 March 2023 (02:43:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0021.v1

Thermal Processing via Air Frying Improves the Antioxidant Properties of Brassica Vegetables

Ruchira Nandasiri, Breanne Semenko, Champa Wijekoon, Miyoung Suh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Thermal processing; Brassica vegetables; Kale; Broccoli sprout; Air frying; antioxidants

Online: 2 February 2023 (02:03:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0335.v1

Integrated Impact Assessment of Active Travel: Expanding the Scope of the Health Economic Assessment Tool (HEAT) for Walking and Cycling

Thomas Götschi, Sonja Kahlmeier, Alberto Castro Fernandez, Christian Brand, Nick Cavill, Paul Kelly, Christoph Lieb, David Rojas Rueda, James Woodcock, Francesca Racioppi

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: active transportation; health impact assessment; physical activity; air pollution; traffic safety; carbon emissions; monetization; online tool

Online: 15 September 2020 (08:40:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0468.v1

New “Smart” Systems for Atmospheric Aerosol and Reactive Gas Sampling in Ambient Air

Paolo Cristofanelli, Maurizio Busetto, Enrico Ronchi, Paolo Miatto, Angela Marinoni, Francescopiero Calzolari, Paolo Bonasoni, Luca Tagliafico

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: reactive gases; atmospheric aerosol; air sampling; smart technologies

Online: 24 September 2018 (16:47:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0588.v2

Predicting Citywide Distribution of Air Pollution Using Mobile Monitoring and Three-dimensional Urban Structure

Lucas Cummings, Justin Stewart, Peleg Kremer, Kabindra Shakya

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Air Pollution; STURLA; Urban Structure; Mobile Monitoring; Spatial Prediction

Online: 5 May 2021 (12:41:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0185.v1

Evaluating The Global State of Ecosystems and Natural Resources: within and beyond The SDGs

Christopher Dickens, Matthew McCartney, David Tickner, Ian J. Harrison, Pablo Pacheco, Brown Ndhlovu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Sustainability; Sustainable Development Goals; SDG; Resource security; Land; Water; Air; Biodiversity

Online: 7 August 2020 (10:19:38 CEST)

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The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) purport to report holistically on progress towards sustainability and do so using more than 231 discrete indicators with a primary objective to achieve a balance between the environment, social and economic aspects of development. The research question underpinning the analyses presented in this paper is: are the indicators in the SDGs sufficient and fit-for-purpose to assess the trajectory of natural resources towards sustainability? We extracted the SDG indicators that monitor the state of natural resources, or alternately support policy or governance for their protection, and determined if these are adequate to provide the essential data on natural resources to achieve the aims of the SDGs. The indicators are clustered into four natural resource categories; land, water (both marine and freshwater), air and biodiversity. Indicators for monitoring land resources show that the most comprehensive land resource indicator, for degraded land, is not fully implemented and that missing from land monitoring is an evaluation of vegetation health outside of forests and mountains, the condition of soils, and most importantly the overall health of terrestrial ecosystems. Indicators for monitoring water resources have substantial gaps, unable to properly monitor water quality, water stress, many aspects of marine resources and most significantly, the health of fresh and salt water ecosystems. Indicators for monitoring of air have recently become more comprehensive, but linkage to IPCC results would benefit both programmes. Monitoring of biodiversity is perhaps the greatest weakness of the SDG Agenda, having no comprehensive assessment even though narrow aspects are monitored. Again, deliberate linkages to other global biodiversity programmes (e.g. CBD and the Post 2020 Biodiversity Framework; IPBES; Living Planet, etc.) are recommended on condition that data can be defined at a country level. While the SDG list of indicators in support of natural resource is moderately comprehensive, it lacks holistic monitoring in relation to evaluation of ecosystems and biodiversity to the extent that these missing but vital measures of sustainability threaten the entire SDG Agenda. In addition, an emerging issue is that even where there are appropriate indicators, the amount of country-level data remains inadequate to fully evaluate sustainability. This signals the delicate balance between the extent and complexity of the SDG Agenda and uptake at a country level

Working Paper ARTICLE

Peaks of Fine Particulate Matter May Modulate the Spreading and Virulence of COVID-19

Mario Rohrer, Antoine Flahault, Markus Stoffel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; thermal inversion; PM2.5 air pollution; desert dust intrusions

Online: 7 September 2020 (04:28:12 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0359.v1

Land Use Differences Across Socioeconomic Boundaries and Implications for Air Quality

Daniel L. Mendoza

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: Land Cover; LIDAR; Sociodemographics; Built Environment; Urban Form; Air Quality; Social Justice; Environmental Justice; Policy; Localized Action.

Online: 16 September 2020 (11:15:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0392.v1

An Integrated Approach to Air Passenger Index Prediction: Mutual Information Principle and Support Vector Regression (MI-SVR) Blended Model

Honglin Xiong, Chongjun Fan, Collins Opoku Antwi, Yun Yang, Xiaomao Fan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: airport operation and management; air passenger index(API) prediction; machine learning(ML); mutual information(MI); support vector regression (SVR); K-Means

Online: 18 August 2020 (16:25:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0185.v1

Investigation of Indoor and Outdoor Fine Particulate Matter Concentrations in Schools in Salt Lake City, Utah

Daniel L Mendoza, Tabitha M Benney, Ryan Bares, Benjamin Fasoli, Corbin Anderson, Shawn A Gonzales, Erik T Crosman, Sebastian Hoch

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Air quality; fine particulate matter; primary schools; building ventilation; environmental inequality; research grade sensors; indoor air quality

Online: 13 January 2022 (10:28:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0124.v3

Developing ANFIS-PSO Model to Predict Mercury Emissions in Combustion Flue Gases

Shahab Shamshirband, Masoud Hadipoor, Alireza Baghban, Amir Mosavi, Jozsef Bukor, Annamária R. Várkonyi-Kóczy

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: air pollution prediction; flue gas; mercury emissions; adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS); particle swarm optimization (PSO); ANFIS-PSO; hybrid machine learning model; data science; particulate matter; health hazards of air pollution; air quality

Online: 12 August 2019 (05:19:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0326.v1

Transportation and Air Quality. Perspectives and Projections in a Mediterranean Country. The Case of Greece

Georgios C. Spyropoulos, Panagiotis T. Nastos, Konstantinos P. Moustris, Konstantinos J. Chalvatzis

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: air pollution; transportation policy; vehicle fleet projections; electric vehicles; exponential smoothing; Greece

Online: 21 December 2021 (12:26:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0614.v2

Mitigation of Gaseous Emissions from Swine Manure with the Surficial Application of Biochars

Zhanibek Meiirkhanuly, Jacek A. Koziel, Baitong Chen, Andrzej Białowiec, Myeongseong Lee, Jisoo Wi, Chumki Banik, Robert C. Brown, Santanu Bakshi

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: air quality; air pollution; sustainable animal production; livestock and poultry; waste management; odor, ammonia; hydrogen sulfide; greenhouse gases; volatile organic compounds

Online: 26 October 2020 (09:33:12 CET)

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Environmental impact associated with odor and gaseous emissions from animal manure is one of the challenges for communities, farmers, and regulatory agencies. Microbe-based manure additives treatments are marketed and used by farmers for mitigation of emissions. However, their performance is difficult to assess objectively. Thus, comprehensive, practical, and low-cost treatments are still in demand. We have been advancing such treatments based on physicochemical principles. The objective of this research was to test the effect of the surficial application of a thin layer (¼"; 6.3 mm) of biochar on the mitigation of gaseous emissions (as the percent reduction, % R) from swine manure. Two types of biochar were tested: highly alkaline and porous (HAP) biochar made from corn stover and red oak (RO), both with different pH and morphology. Three 30-day trials were conducted with a layer of HAP and RO (2.0 & 1.65 kg∙m^-2, respectively) applied on manure surface, and emissions of ammonia (NH₃), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), greenhouse gases (GHG), and odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured. The manure and biochar type and properties had an impact on the mitigation effect and its duration. RO significantly reduced NH₃ (19-39%) and p-cresol (66-78%). H₂S was mitigated (16~23%), but not significantly for all trials. Significant (66~78%) reductions for p-cresol were observed for all trials. The phenolic VOCs had relatively high % R in most trials but not significantly for all trials. HAP reduced NH₃ (4~21%) and H₂S (2~22%), but not significantly for all trials. Significant % R for p-cresol (91~97%) and skatole (74~95%) were observed for all trials. The % R for phenol and indole ranged from (60~99%) & (29~94%) but was not significant for all trials. The impact on GHGs, isobutyric acid, and the odor was mixed with some mitigation and generation effects. However, larger-scale experiments are needed to understand how biochar properties and the dose and frequency of application can be optimized to mitigate odor and gaseous emissions from swine manure. The lessons learned can also be applicable to surficial biochar treatment of gaseous emissions from other waste and area sources.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0159.v1

Air Pollution Dispersion Modelling Using Spatial Analyses

Jan Bitta, Vladislav Svozilík, Irena Pavlíková, Petr Jančík

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Pollution dispersion; PM10; air quality; Land Use Regression; Symos’97

Online: 8 October 2018 (16:18:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1298.v1

Artificial Intelligence in Environmental Monitoring: Application of Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning for Pollution Prevention and Toxicity Measurements

Katarzyna Szramowiat-Sala

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: artiﬁcial neural networks; machine learning; environmental protection; air pollution; atmosphere; pollutants emission prediction; forecasting; data security

Online: 19 July 2023 (07:17:31 CEST)

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Environmental monitoring systems play a crucial role in assessing environmental quality, detecting limits exceedances, and predicting potential ecological episodes. These systems rely on the measurement of various variables at specific locations and time intervals over an extended period. The concept of environmental monitoring encompasses the assessment of health and safety issues for public and environmental health purposes. Pollution of the atmosphere and water, climate change, and natural disasters are among the consequences of continuous industrial and municipal development and human interference in natural ecosystems. To address these challenges and to protect human lives and the environment, with a special concern on mitigating the ecological effects of industrial development, advanced technical solutions, including the technologies associated with artificial intelligence (artificial neural networks ANNs, machine learning ML) have been developed. These technologies offer powerful tools for analysing the vast amount of data collected by monitoring systems and extracting valuable insights. By applying ANNs and machine learning algorithms, environmental monitoring systems can effectively process and interpret the measured variables to assess environmental quality. Despite challenges and limitations, such as data quality and interpretability of AI models, ongoing research and interdisciplinary collaboration are paving the way for the successful implementation of AI in environmental monitoring, ultimately supporting informed decision-making and sustainable resource management.While several review papers have explored the theory of artificial intelligence (AI), here I aim to review the application of ANNs and ML, in environmental aspects, specifically in automotive and industrial emissions toxicity measurements, as well as atmospheric pollution prevention. By examining the potential of AI in these domains, the paper contributes to understanding the role of advanced technologies in environmental monitoring and protection.

Working Paper COMMUNICATION

Sensing and Delineating Mixed-VOC Composition in Air Using a Single Metal-Oxide Sensor

Govind S. Thakor, Ning Zhang, Rafael M. Santos

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: volatile organic compounds; air quality monitoring; metal oxide sensor; predictive mathematical model; gas composition estimation

Online: 29 March 2021 (16:20:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0485.v2

Biodiversity Conservation of National Parks and Nature-protected Areas in West Africa: The Case of Kainji National Park, Nigeria

Xiao-lan Tang, John Adekunle Adesina

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: carbon storage & sequestration; climate change; habitat diversity; Kainji national park; protected areas; air quality

Online: 16 May 2022 (04:33:24 CEST)

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Due to rising global warming and climate change, biodiversity protection has become a critical ecological concern. The rich biodiversity zones are under threat and are deteriorating, necessitating national, regional, and provincial efforts to safeguard these natural areas. The effective conservation of National Parks and Nature-protected Areas helps to improve biodiversity conservation, forest, and urban air quality. The continuous encroachment and abuse of these protected areas have degraded the ecosystem over time. While exploring the geophysical ecology and biodiversity conservation of these areas in West Africa, Kainji National Park was selected for this study because of its notable location, naturalness, rich habitat diversity, topographic uniqueness, and landmass. The conservation of national parks and nature-protected areas is a cornerstone of biodiversity conservation globally. This study is aimed at the target of United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 13, 2030- Climate Action, targeted at taking urgent action towards combating climate change and its impacts. The study captures both flora and fauna that are dominant in the study area. The 15 identified tree species were selected from over 30 species with 563,500,000 (an average of 3,700,000 in each sample frame) trees for every tree species/type with a total of 63% tree green canopy cover. The study areas divided into three zones were randomly sampled within a stratum of 25x25km frames divided into 150 sample frames for proper analyses using the i-Tree Eco v6.0.23. The following microclimatic data were captured and analyzed; photosynthetically active radiation, rain/precipitation, temperature, transpiration, evaporation, water intercepted by trees, avoided a runoff by trees, potential evaporation by trees, isoprene and monoterpene by trees. This study also further discusses the tree benefits of a green, low carbon, and sustainable environment within the context of biodiversity conservation considering carbon storage, carbon sequestration, hydrology effects, pollution removal, oxygen production, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). There is a quick need for remotely-sensed information about the protected areas at regular intervals and government policies must be strict against illegal poaching, logging activities and other hazardous human impacts.

Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0614.v1

How to Integrate the Data-based Strategies and Advanced Technologies into Efficient Air Pollution Management in Smart Cities?

Seunghwan Myeong, Khurram Shahzad

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: smart cities; artificial intelligence; internet of things; air pollution

Online: 22 April 2021 (14:18:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0613.v1

Measuring Air Quality for Advocacy in Africa (MA3): Feasibility and Practicality of Longitudinal Ambient PM_2.5 Measurement Using Low-Cost Sensors

Babatunde I. Awokola, Gabriel Okello, Kevin J. Mortimer, Christopher P. Jewell, Annette Erhart, Sean Semple

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: PM2.5 monitor; Ambient Air pollution; Measurement sensor; Low-cost; Feasibility; sub-Saharan Africa

Online: 25 September 2020 (12:04:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0320.v1

Exploring the Air Pollution Control Direction of Two Typical Cities, Beijing and Wuhan, from the Air Pollution under Emergency Responses during COVID-19

Ada Tsan Qin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: COVID-19; air pollution; PM2.5; NOx; MERRA-2; OMNO2

Online: 11 March 2021 (14:51:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0167.v1

A Meso-Scale Approach to Estimating Vertical Mixing Induced by Wind–Waves

Vladislav Polnikov

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Oceanography Keywords: air-sea interface; wind–waves; turbulent currents; Reynolds stress; vertical mixing; eddy viscosity

Online: 18 June 2019 (05:44:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0008.v1

Formation of Secondary Organic Aerosols by Germicidal Ultraviolet Light

Eureka Choi, Zhongchao Tan, William A. Anderson

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: fine particulate; PM2.5; UV disinfection; indoor air quality

Online: 3 December 2018 (05:15:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0258.v1

An Experimental Investigation of Air-Acetic Acid Solution Gas-Liquid Two Phase in a Bubble Column

Wenlong Zhang, Shanglei Ning, Haibo Jin, Guangxiang He, Lei Ma, Xiaoyan Guo, Rongyue Zhang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: air-acetic acid system; gas holdup; differential pressure transmitter; ERT; optical fiber probe

Online: 8 November 2020 (14:50:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0566.v1

Experimental Assessment of the Spatial and Temporal Distribu-Tion of Non-contact Tonometer Airflows

Daniela Oehring, Jenkins David, Phillip Buckhurst, Hetal Buckhurst

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Air puff, CorvisST; ORA; Airflow pressure of NCT,; Physical dimension of jet stream; Temporal and spatial distribution of the air puff

Online: 27 January 2021 (16:02:22 CET)

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Working Paper REVIEW

An Atlas of the Genetic Variations Linking Dysregulation of Autophagy to Human Diseases: The Missing Environmental Link

Iris Grosjean, Barnabé Roméo, Marie-Angela Domdom, Nathalie Yazbeck, Grégoire D’Andréa, Amine Belaid, Olivier Camuzard, Olivia Vidal, Guillemette Crépeaux, Romain K. Gherardi, François Jerome Authier, Jean Daniel Masson, Eric Gilson, Charles Hugo Marquette, Sylvie Leroy, Jérémie Roux, Patrick Brest, Martin Von Bergen, Gérard Milano, Daniel J. Klionsky, Paul Hofman, Baharia Mograbi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: air pollutants/exposomics; autoimmunity; autophagy; cancers; COPD; environmental diseases; eQTL; infection; inflammatory; polymorphism; prognosis; risk; susceptibility; theragnosis

Online: 4 June 2020 (06:20:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0435.v2

Spatial and Temporal Variation of NO₂ Vertical Column Densities (VCDs) over Poland: Comparison of the Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Observations and the GEM-AQ Model Simulations

Marcin Kawka, Joanna Strużewska, Jacek Kamiński

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: air pollution; NO2; Sentinel-5P; TROPOMI; GEM-AQ; Poland

Online: 5 July 2021 (09:56:26 CEST)

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Preprint DATA DESCRIPTOR | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0106.v1

A Measured Energy Use, Solar Production, and Building Air leakage Dataset for a Zero Energy Commercial Building

Philip Agee, Leila Nikdel, Sydney Roberts

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: zero energy building, measured data, energy measurement, building air leakage

Online: 5 April 2021 (12:01:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0143.v1

Changes in Power Plant NO_x Emissions over Northwest Greece Using a Data Assimilation Technique

Ioanna Skoulidou, Maria-Elissavet Koukouli, Arjo Segers, Astrid Manders, Dimitris Balis, Trissevgeni Stavrakou, Jos van Geffen, Henk Eskes

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Data assimilation; TROPOMI; Air Quality modelling; NOx Emissions; Ensemble Kalman Filter; LOTOS-EUROS; power plant; anthropogenic

Online: 4 June 2021 (12:59:09 CEST)

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In this work, we investigate the ability of a data assimilation technique and space-borne observations to quantify and monitor changes in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions over North-Western Greece for the summers of 2018 and 2019. In this region, four lignite-burning power plants are located. The data assimilation technique, based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter method, is employed to combine space-borne atmospheric observations from the high spatial resolution Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) and simulations using the LOTOS-EUROS Chemical Transport model. The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service-Regional European emissions (CAMS-REG, version 4.2) inventory based on year 2015 is used as the a priori in the simulations. Surface measurements of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from air quality stations operating in the region are compared with the model surface NO2 output using either the a priori (base run) or the a posteriori (assimilated run) NOx emissions. The high biases found between the in situ NO2 measurements and the base run surface NO2 decrease in the assimilated run in most cases. The bias in the station near the largest power plant decreases to 2.0 μg/m3 (2.83 μg/m3) from 10.5 μg/m3 (8.46 μg/m3) in 2019 (2018 respectively). Concerning the estimated annual a posteriori NOx emissions it was found that, for the pixels hosting the two largest power plants, the assimilated run results in emissions decreased by ~40-50% for 2018 compared to 2015, whereas a larger decrease, of ~70% for both power plants, was found for 2019, after assimilating the space-born observations. For the same power plants, the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR) reports decreased emissions in 2018 and 2019 compared to 2015 (-35% and -38% in 2018, -62% and -72% in 2019), in good agreement with the estimated emissions. We further compare the a posteriori emissions to the reported energy production of the power plants during the summer of 2018 and 2019. Mean decreases of about -35% and-63% in NOx emissions are estimated for the two larger power plants in summer of 2018 and 2019, respectively, which are supported by similar decreases in the reported energy production of the power plants (~-30% and -70%, respectively).

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0297.v1

Volatile Compounds Emitted from the Cat Urine Contaminated Carpet Before and After Treatment with Marketed Cleaning Products: A Simultaneous Chemical and Sensory Analysis

Chumki Banik, Jacek Koziel, Elizabeth Flickinger

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: cat urine; odor mitigation; odor; volatile organic compounds; emission; indoor air quality, solid-phase microextraction; SPME; diffusion; Micrococcus luteus

Online: 13 August 2020 (08:51:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1715.v1

Improvement in Indoor Air Quality in Urban Pakistani Regions by Reducing Particulate Matter Size Concentration

Muhammad Usama Haroon, Bertug Ozarisoy, Hasim Altan

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: Indoor air quality; Particulate matter (PM2.5); IAQ Assessment; Health and wellbeing

Online: 26 July 2023 (09:35:57 CEST)

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