Version 1
: Received: 20 July 2023 / Approved: 25 July 2023 / Online: 26 July 2023 (09:35:57 CEST)
How to cite:
Haroon, M.U.; Ozarisoy, B.; Altan, H. Improvement in Indoor Air Quality in Urban Pakistani Regions by Reducing Particulate Matter Size Concentration. Preprints2023, 2023071715. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.1715.v1
Haroon, M.U.; Ozarisoy, B.; Altan, H. Improvement in Indoor Air Quality in Urban Pakistani Regions by Reducing Particulate Matter Size Concentration. Preprints 2023, 2023071715. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.1715.v1
Haroon, M.U.; Ozarisoy, B.; Altan, H. Improvement in Indoor Air Quality in Urban Pakistani Regions by Reducing Particulate Matter Size Concentration. Preprints2023, 2023071715. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.1715.v1
APA Style
Haroon, M.U., Ozarisoy, B., & Altan, H. (2023). Improvement in Indoor Air Quality in Urban Pakistani Regions by Reducing Particulate Matter Size Concentration. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.1715.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Haroon, M.U., Bertug Ozarisoy and Hasim Altan. 2023 "Improvement in Indoor Air Quality in Urban Pakistani Regions by Reducing Particulate Matter Size Concentration" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.1715.v1
Abstract
This paper describes the indoor air pollution in urban (Lahore, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Rawalpindi and Karachi) Pakistani regions while considering the outdoor air and the health and wellbeing of the occupants present indoors. It also aims to assess previous methodological approaches Such as Air Conditioning Systems, used by developed countries to improve air quality to demonstrate the improvements that can be made in air quality in Pakistani urban areas. This research also investigates the causes, concentration and effects of poor air quality in Pakistani urban areas such as particulate matter (PM2.5), carbon oxides (COx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC’s). The average concentration of these pollutants in Pakistan’s indoor air is, particulate matter (PM): [100 – 250 µg/m3 for PM2.5, 200 – 600 µg/m3 for PM10] 1 – 20 ppm for carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx): [50 – 100 µg/m3 for NO2, 20 – 40 µg/m3 for NO], 20 – 50 µg/m3 for sulfur dioxide (SO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs): 0.1 – 0.5 ppm for formaldehyde, 5 – 10 µg/m3 for benzene and 20 – 30 µg/m3 for toluene. It should be noted that these concentrations can differ depending on the origin of pollution, location, and time of day. The literature review is made up of a combination of descriptive research methods that are used to inform the research background of ambient and indoor air quality, thus the literature review provides a theoretical and methodological background about the air pollution and its improvement in different parts of the world. According to the World Air Quality Index, Pakistan is the third most polluted country in terms of average PM2.5 concentration which is 14.2 times the WHO annual air quality guideline value. As a result, it is suggested that a PM2.5 concentration reduction program be implemented in urban Pakistani regions' indoor air.
Keywords
Indoor air quality; Particulate matter (PM2.5); IAQ Assessment; Health and wellbeing
Subject
Engineering, Architecture, Building and Construction
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
