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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0283.v1

Evaluation of Anticancer Efficacy of Cyclosaplin Using a Silk Based 3D Tumor Model

Abheepsa Mishra, Sourav K. Mukhopadhyay, Satyahari Dey

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: breast cancer; cyclosaplin; 3D tumor model; peptide, sandalwood; silk

Online: 29 January 2019 (03:26:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0154.v1

Clinical Significance of Nectin-4 Expression in Metastasis and Angiogenesis for Tumor Relapse

Chinmayee Sethy, Kunal Goutam, Deepika Nayak, Rajalaxmi Pradhan, Sefinew Molla, Subhajit Chatterjee, Niranjan Rout, Michael Wyatt, Satya Narayan, Chanakya Kundu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Nectin-4; metastasis; angiogenesis; circulating tumor cells; cancer relapse

Online: 8 October 2018 (15:52:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0073.v1

Tumor Size-Dependent Anticancer Efficacy of Chlorin Derivatives for Photodynamic Therapy

Ji-Eun Chang, Yang Liu, Woo Kyoung Lee, Il Yoon, Kwhanmien Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: cancer treatment; chlorin; Photodynamic therapy (PDT); photosensitizer; tumor size

Online: 3 May 2018 (12:16:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0100.v1

Role of Zucchini and Its Distinctive Components in the Modulation of Degenerative Processes: Genotoxicity, Antigenotoxicity, Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Effects

Damián Martínez-Valdivieso, Rafael Font, Zahira Fernández-Bedmar, Tania Merinas-Amo, Pedro Gómez, Ángeles Alonso-Moraga, Mercedes Del Río-Celestino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: cancer; carotenoid; chemoprevention; Cucurbita; cytotoxicity; DNA-protection; tumor cells

Online: 11 May 2017 (17:31:47 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0120.v2

Synthesis and Anti-Tumor Activity of Oleanolic Acid Derivatives

Kuai ZhenYu, Lei Li, Shengwen Zhan, Chunlin Li, Yuwei Zhao, Hongrong Chen, Yanqiu Meng

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: oleanolic acid derivatives; synthesis; anti-tumor activity; molecular docking; computer-aided drug design

Online: 24 April 2017 (12:08:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2227.v1

Immune Cytolytic Activity and Strategies for Therapeutic Treatment

Stephanie Agioti, Apostolos Zaravinos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Cytolytic Activity (CYT); Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs); Gene Expression Profiling; Spatial Analysis Techniques; Immune Checkpoint Pathways; Tumor Microenvironment (TME); Antigen Presentation; Metabolic Pathways

Online: 31 January 2024 (12:32:26 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0826.v1

An Unusual Presentation of a Newly Diagnosed Right Colonic Adenocarcinoma Complicated with Right Lower Quadrant Colonic Abscess in an Elderly Man: A Case Report and Literature Review

Divine Besong Arrey Agbor, Victoria Palmer, Annmarie Theresa Sajeev, Derek Ugwendum, Sabastain Forsah, Sefakor Akosua Atadja, Nancelle Ndema, Zafar Wahib, Foma Munoh Kenne, Jay Nfonoyim

Subject: Oncology And Oncogenics, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Colon cancer; colon abscess, colon adenocarcinoma; colon neoplasm; colorectal tumor

Online: 13 May 2024 (09:56:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0864.v1

Design of a Dispersive 1064 nm Fiber Probe Raman Imaging Spectrometer and Its Application to Human Bladder Resectates

Juan David Munoz-Bolanos, Tanveer Ahmed Shaik, Arkadiusz Miernik, Juergen Popp, Christoph Krafft

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: bladder tumor; Raman imaging; 1064 nm; cluster analysis; Python toolbox

Online: 15 April 2024 (09:07:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0157.v1

Stimuli-Sensitive Polymeric Micelles Formulations Enhance the Cytostatic Effect against the Leukemia Cells via “Aikido” Principle Realization

Igor D. Zlotnikov, Alexander A. Ezhov, Natalia Vladimirovna Dobryakova, Elena V. Kudryashova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: glutathione sensitivity, tumor targeting, polymeric micelles, doxorubicin, non-target toxicity

Online: 2 February 2024 (14:08:44 CET)

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Currently, the most promising work seems to be aimed not so much at the development of new drugs, but rather at creating ways of targeted delivery of existing drugs. In this paper, we show that polymeric micelles based on chitosan, heparin grafted with lipoic and oleic acids residues demonstrate the potential for doxorubicin delivery to tumors due to pH-, glutathione-sensitivity. Smart delivery systems use the Aikido principle, i.e. they target tumor cells according to their features. Natural polysaccharides (heparin and chitosan) provide the pH sensitivity of micelles: the release of doxorubicin (Dox) is enhanced in a slightly acidic environment (model tumor microenvironment). Fatty acid residues are necessary for the formation of micelles and solubilization of cytostatics in a hydrophobic core. Lipoic acid residues formed a labile S-S cross-linking between polymer chains (the first method), and also covalently attached doxorubicin molecules through glutathione-sensitive S-S bridges (the second option) – determine Redox sensitivity of micelles to tumors. The characterization of polymeric micelles and prodrugs (Dox-polymer) was carried out using FTIR spectroscopy. The release of doxorubicin from micelles occurs slowly (20% / 6h) in an environment with a pH of 7.4 and the absence of glutathione, while in a slightly acidic environment and in the presence of 10 mM glutathione, the rate increases up 6 times, with an increase in the effective concentration up to 5 times after 7 h. The permeability of free doxorubicin, micellar formulations (covalent S-S crosslinked and not) into Raji, K562, A875 cancer cells was studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), demonstrated an increase in the permeability of micellar formulations based on Dox. Thus, we have presented micellar formulations of doxorubicin for targeted delivery to tumor, what is important in the aspects of reducing non-target toxicity, increasing the selectivity of cytostatics against tumors and overcome multidrug resistance.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1304.v1

Tissue-Based Biomarkers in Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancer: A Narrative Review

Olga Kouroukli, Vasiliki Bravou, Konstantinos Giannitsas, Vasiliki Tzelepi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: AVPC; biomarkers; NEPC; transdifferentiation; ADT; tumor suppressors; DDR; epigenetic regulation

Online: 17 January 2024 (11:29:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0758.v1

Correlation Between Tumor Differentiation and Biomarkers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Implications for Early Diagnosis and Treatment

Mr Tufael, Auditi kar, Vijay Jagdish Upadhye, Atiqur Rahman Sunny, Antonio Raposo, Md. Saidul Islam, Md Haroon Or Rashid, Mohammad Anowar Hussen, Heesup Han, Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho, Md. Sefaul Ullah, Md. Mizanur Rahman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Tumor markers; Chemiluminescence assay; Occupational exposure; Early diagnosis

Online: 10 January 2024 (05:44:27 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0843.v1

Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Delivery Vector-Assisted Targeted Controlled Release mRNA Vaccines in Tumor Immunity

Liusheng Wu, Xiaoqiang Li, Xinye Qian, Shuang Wang, Jixian Liu, Jun Yan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs); mRNA vaccine; Tumor immunity; Delivery vector; Review

Online: 13 December 2023 (03:35:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1343.v1

Potential of Alkalization Therapy for the Management of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Study

Masahide Isowa, Reo Hamaguchi, Ryoko Narui, Hiromasa Morikawa, Toshihiro Okamoto, Hiromi Wada

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Pancreatic cancer; Cancer metabolism; Alkalization therapy; Tumor microenvironment; Urine pH

Online: 20 October 2023 (11:44:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0583.v1

C-met+ CTLs Exhibit Enhanced Cytotoxicity in Mouse and Human In Vitro Tumor Models

Mahdia Benkhoucha, Ngoc Lan Tran, Isis Senoner, Gautier Breville, Hajer Fritah, Denis Migliorini, Valérie Dutoit, Patrice H. Lalive

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: c-Met; HGF; CTLs; CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes; spheroids; tumor

Online: 10 October 2023 (08:09:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0846.v1

Rhabdomyosarcoma: Current Therapy, Challenges, and Future Approaches to Treatment Strategies

Ali Zarrabi, David Perrin, Mahboubeh Kavoosi, Micah Sommer, Serap Sezen, Parvaneh Mehrbod, Bhavya Bhushan, Filip Machaj, Jakub Rosik, Philip Kawalec, Saba Afifi, Seyed Mohammadreza Bolandi, Peyman Koleini, Mohsen Taheri, Tayyebeh Madrakian, Marek Jan Łos, Benjamin Lindsey, Nilufer Cakir, Atefeh Zarepour, Kiavash Hushmandi, Ali Fallah, Bahattin Koc, Mazaher Ahmadi, Susan E. Logue, Gorka Orive, Stevan Pecic, Joseph W. Gordon, Saeid Ghavami

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Unfolded Protein Response; Bioengineering; Tumor Stiffness

Online: 13 September 2023 (10:32:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2123.v1

Effects of Moderate Exercise Training on Cancer-Induced Muscle Wasting

Ana Cristina Corrêa Figueira, Ana Pereira, Luis Leitão, Rita Ferreira, Paula Oliveira, José Duarte

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: Breast tumor; exercise training; gastrocnemius; soleus; cancer-induced muscle wasting

Online: 31 August 2023 (09:36:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1800.v2

Angiogenesis in Lung Cancer: Understanding the Roles of Growth Factors

Yvan Sinclair Ngaha Tchawe, Zhilenkova Angelina V., Essogmo Freddy Elad, Ikenna K. Uchendu, Abah Moses Owoicho, Lionel Tabola Fossa, Zaiana D. Sangadzhieva, Varvara D. Sanikovich, Alexander S. Rusanov, Yuliya N. Pirogova, Alexander Boroda, Alexander Rozhkov, Jean D. Kemfang Ngowa, Leonid N. Bagmet, Marina I. Sekacheva

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Angiogenesis; Growth factors; Lung cancer; Tumor microenvironment; Anti-angiogenic therapy

Online: 29 August 2023 (09:24:16 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1462.v1

Current Challenges and Future Directions in the Management of Inflammatory Breast Cancer: A Review

Paolo Izzo, Luciano Izzo, Andrea Polistena, Simone Sibio, Massimo Codacci-Pisanelli, Daniele Crocetti, Paolo Meloni, Pierfrancesco Di Cello, Claudia De Intinis, Sara Izzo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: inflammatory breast cancer (IBC); review; immunotherapy; targeted therapy; tumor microenvironment

Online: 21 July 2023 (12:39:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1767.v1

Usefulness of Tumor Marker Score for Prediction of Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated with Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Kazunari Tanaka, Kunihiko Tsuji, Atsushi Hiraoka, Toshifumi Tada, Masashi Hirooka, Kazuya Kariyama, Joji Tani, Masanori Atsukawa, Koichi Takaguchi, Ei Itobayashi, Shinya Fukunishi, Toru Ishikawa, Kazuto Tajiri, Hironori Ochi, Hidenori Toyoda, Chikara Ogawa, Takashi Nishimura, Takeshi Hatanaka, Satoru Kakizaki, Noritomo Shimada, Kazuhito Kawata, Atsushi Naganuma, Hisashi Kosaka, Tomomitsu Matono, Hidekatsu Kuroda, Yutaka Yata, Hideko Ohama, Fujimasa Tada, Kazuhiro Nouso, Asahiro Morishita, Akemi Tsutsui, Takuya Nagano, Norio Itokawa, Tomomi Okubo, Taeang Arai, Keisuke Yokohama, Hiroki Nishikawa, Michitaka Imai, Yohei Koizumi, Shinichiro Nakamura, Hiroko Iijima, Masaki Kaibori, Yoichi Hiasa, Takashi Kumada

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma; tumor marker; atezolizumab plus bevacizumab; prognosis; predictive model

Online: 26 June 2023 (09:42:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1305.v1

Heat Shock Proteins Mediate Intercellular Communications within Tumor Microenvironment Cells through Extracellular Vesicles

Renata F. Saito, Maria Cristina Rangel, Andreia Hanada Otake, Camila Maria Longo Machado

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Heat-shock-protein; extracellular vesicles; reprograming tumors; tumor evolucionary pressure

Online: 18 May 2023 (08:46:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1304.v1

Molecular Networks of Platinum Drugs and Arsenic Trioxide and Its Interaction With microRNAs in Cancer

Shihori Tanabe, Eger Boonstra, Taehun Hong, Sabina Quader, Ryuichi Ono, Horacio Cabral, Kazuhiko Aoyagi, Hiroshi Yokozaki, Hiroki Sasaki

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: drug resistance; cisplatin; arsenic; tumor microenvironment; microRNA; molecular pathway network

Online: 18 May 2023 (08:41:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0705.v1

Contrast-enhanced Liver MR Synthesis using Gradient Regularized Multi-Modal Multi-Discrimination Sparse Attention Fusion GAN

Changzhe Jiao, Diane Ling, Shelly Bian, April Vassantachart, Karen Cheng, Shahil Mehta, Derrick Lock, Zhenyu Zhu, Mary Feng, Horatio Thomas, Jessica E Scholey, Ke Sheng, Zhaoyang Fan, Wensha Yang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: MR synthesis, GAN, multi-modal fusion, tumor monitoring, contrast enhancement

Online: 10 May 2023 (08:10:11 CEST)

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Purposes: To provide abdominal contrast-enhanced MR image synthesis, we developed an image gradient regularized multi-modal multi-discrimination sparse-attention fusion generative adversarial network (GRMM-GAN) to avoid repeated contrast injections to patients and facilitate adaptive monitoring. Methods: With IRB approval, 165 abdominal MR studies from 61 liver cancer patients were retrospectively solicited from our institutional database. Each study included T2, T1 pre-contrast (T1pre), and T1 contrast-enhanced (T1ce) images. The GRMM-GAN synthesis pipeline consists of a sparse attention fusion network, an image gradient regularizer (GR), and a generative adversarial network with multi-discrimination. The studies were randomly divided into 115 for training, 20 for validation, and 30 for testing. The two pre-contrast MR modalities, T2 and T1pre images, were adopted as inputs in the training phase. The T1ce image at the portal venous phase was used as an output. The synthesized T1ce images were compared with the ground truth T1ce images. The evaluation metrics include peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural-similarity-index (SSIM), and mean-squared-error (MSE). A Turing test and experts’ contours evaluated the image synthesis quality. Results: The proposed GRMM-GAN model achieved a PSNR of 28.56, an SSIM of 0.869, and an MSE of 83.27. The proposed model showed statistically significant improvements in all metrics tested with p-values <0.05 over the state-of-the-art model comparisons. The average Turing test score was 52.33%, close to random guessing, supporting the model's effectiveness for clinical application. In the tumor-specific region analysis, the average tumor contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the synthesized MR images was not statistically significant from the real MR images. The average DICE from real vs. synthetic images was 0.90, compared to the inter-operator DICE of 0.91. Conclusion: We demonstrated the function of a novel multi-modal MR image synthesis neural network, GRMM-GAN, for T1ce MR synthesis based on pre-contrast T1 and T2 MR images. GRMM-GAN shows promise for avoiding repeated contrast injections during radiation therapy treatment.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0315.v1

Current Status and De Novo Synthesis of Anti-Tumor Alkaloids in Nicotiana: A Mini-Review

Md. Ahsan Habib, Md. Mobinul Islam, Md. Mukul Islam, Md. Mohidul Hasan, Kwang-Hyun Baek

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Nicotiana; alkaloids; anti-tumor; metabolic engineering; de-novo synthesis ;

Online: 13 April 2023 (08:53:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0236.v1

BAP1 Loss Promotes Suppressive Tumor Immune Microenvironment via Up-Regulation of PROS1 in Class 2 Uveal Melanomas

Christopher J. Kaler, James J. Dollar, Anthony M. Cruz, Jeffim N. Kuznetsoff, Margaret I. Sanchez, Christina L. Decatur, Jonathan D. Licht, Keiran S.M. Smalley, Zelia M. Correa, Stefan Kurtenbach, J. William Harbour

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: uveal melanoma; BAP1; PROS1; MERTK; macrophage; tumor immune microenvironment; metastasis

Online: 16 June 2022 (10:42:50 CEST)

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Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary cancer of the eye and is associated with a high rate of metastatic death. UM can be stratified into two main classes based on metastatic risk, with class 1 UM having a low metastatic risk and class 2 UM having a high metastatic risk. Class 2 UM have a distinctive genomic, transcriptomic, histopathologic, and clinical phenotype characterized by biallelic inactivation of the BAP1 tumor suppressor gene, an immune suppressive microenvironment enriched for M2-polarized macrophages, and poor response to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. To identify potential mechanistic links between BAP1 loss and immune suppression in class 2 UM, we performed an integrated analysis of UM samples, as well as genetically engineered UM cell lines and uveal melanocytes (UMC). Using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we found that the most highly up-regulated gene associated with BAP1 loss across these datasets was PROS1, which encodes a ligand that triggers phosphorylation and activation of the immunosuppressive macrophage receptor MERTK. The inverse association between BAP1 and PROS1 in class 2 UM was confirmed by single-cell RNA-seq, which also revealed that MERTK was up-regulated in CD163+ macrophages in class 2 UM. Using ChIP-seq, BAP1 knockdown in UM cells resulted in an accumulation of H3K27ac at the PROS1 locus, suggesting epigenetic regulation of PROS1 by BAP1. Phosphorylation of MERTK in RAW 264.7 monocyte-macrophage cells was increased upon co-culture with BAP1-/- UMCs, and this phosphorylation was blocked by depletion of PROS1 in the UMCs. These findings were corroborated by multi-color immunohistochemistry, where class 2/BAP1-mutant UMs demonstrated increased PROS1 expression in tumor cells and increased MERTK phosphorylation in CD163+ macrophages compared to class 1/BAP1-wildtype UMs. Taken together, these findings provide a mechanistic link between BAP1 loss and suppression of the tumor immune microenvironment in class 2 UMs, and they implicate the PROS1-MERTK pathway as a potential target for immunotherapy in UM.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0167.v1

Convolutional Neural Network Techniques for Brain Tumor Classification (from 2015 to 2021): Review, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Yuting Xie, Fulvio Zaccagna, Leonardo Rundo, Claudia Testa, Raffaele Agati, Raffaele Lodi, David Neil Manners, Caterina Tonon

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: deep learning; convolutional neural network; brain tumor classification; clinical application

Online: 13 June 2022 (04:57:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0359.v1

Design, Synthesis and Structure-activity Relationship Studies of Meridianin Derivatives as Novel JAK/STAT3 Signaling Inhibitors

JianQiang Zhang, Rui Li, XueYang Dong, Na He, RuiJuan Yin, MengKe Yang, JieYu Liu, RiLei Yu, ChenYang Zhao, Tao Jiang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway; Meridianin derivatives; Isothiouronium; Anti-tumor activity

Online: 24 January 2022 (14:06:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0196.v1

Folic Acid Decorated β-Cyclodextrin-Based Poly(ε-Caprolactone)/Dextran Star Polymer with Disulﬁde Bond-Linker as Theranostic Nanoparticle for Tumor-Targeted MRI and Chemotherapy

Huikang Yang, Nianhua Wang, Ruimeng Yang, Li-Ming Zhang, Xinqing Jiang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: star polymer; β-cyclodextrin; tumor-targeted; disulﬁde bond; theranostic nanoparticles

Online: 13 October 2021 (11:00:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0105.v1

The Role of Wnt/Beta-Catenin Pathway, SATB1 and SATB2 in Endometrial Cancer Patients

Paweł Sadłecki, Magdalena Bodnar, Andrzej Marszalek, Malgorzata Walentowicz-Sadlecka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: endometrial cancer; tumor microenvironment; Wnt/β-catenin pathway; SATB1; SATB2

Online: 6 September 2021 (14:29:35 CEST)

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Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an established role in various diseases and is considered a hallmark of endometrial cancer (EC). Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 and 2 (SATB1 and SATB2) are nuclear matrix-associated proteins involved in chromatin remodeling and regulation of gene expression. SATB1 promotes the progression of numerous types of cancers, whereas SATB2 acts as a tumor suppressor. Despite a recent progress in our knowledge about EC, the exact mechanisms that control their proliferation and metastatic potential still remain unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between Wnt3A, β-catenin, SATB1 and SATB2 protein level and the clinicopathological features of EC patients. 92 EC patients, aged 37-84, were enrolled to our study. The immunoexpression of WNT3A was found in specimens from all EC patients, β-catenin was expressed in 97% of the cases, SATB1 in 87%. The significant association between Wnt3a expression and tumor grade was found; moreover mean IRS for Wnt3a turned out to be significantly lower in high-grade tumors than in low-grade malignancies (p=0.038). In turn, immunoexpression of β-catenin varied significantly across FIGO stages and was associated with the presence of lymph node metastases. Mean IRS for β-catenin in patients with lymph node metastases was significantly lower than in those without (p = 0.028). The Kaplan-Meier analyses demonstrated a stepwise impairment of cancer overall survival with increasing SATB1 expression. In conclusion, both Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and SATB1 contribute to progression of EC. Downregulation of β-catenin may predispose to lymphatic spread of EC. In turn, downregulation of Wnt3a seems to be characteristic for high-grade tumors, but probably does not play a role in formation of lymph node metastases. The important role of SATB1 as a predictor of poor survival and could be helpful in establishing a more accurate prognosis in endometrial cancer patients.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0592.v1

Development of Anticancer Drugs: From Mechanical Properties of Tumor Stiffness to Cytoskeleton-Targeting Natural Products

Xiaoye Liu, Hongwei Xu, Yuting Feng, Xiaolin Hou

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: anticancer drugs; mechanical microenvironment; tumor stiffness; cytoskeleton dynamics; material approaches

Online: 26 July 2021 (15:42:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0779.v1

Lineage Plasticity in Cancer: The Tale of a Skin-walker

Archana P. Thankamony, Ayalur Raghu Subbalakshmi, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Radhika Nair

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Lineage Plasticity; Tumor Progression; Metastasis; Therapy Resistance; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity

Online: 31 May 2021 (13:48:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0239.v1

Prognostic Value of the Intratumoral Lymphocyte to Monocyte Ratio and M0 Macrophage Enrichment in the Melanoma Immune Microenvironment

Neil Jairath, Mark Farha, Ruple Jairath, Paul Harms, Lam Tsoi, Trilokraj Tejasvi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: Cutaneous Melanoma; Immunotherapy; Lymphocytes; Monocytes; Macrophages; RNAseq; tumor immune microenvironment

Online: 11 September 2020 (04:02:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0212.v1

Selective Cytotoxic Effects of Annona Squamosa Leaves against Breast Cancer Cells via Apoptotic Signaling Proteins

Rawan Al-Nemari, Abir Ben Bacha, Abdulrahman Al-Senaidy, Maha Arafah, Hadel Al-Saran, Nael Abutaha, Abdelhabib Semlali

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Annona squamosa; phytomedicine; proliferation; apoptosis; migration; estrogen receptor; tumor size

Online: 12 May 2020 (12:37:43 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Commercial and Emerging Technologies for Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis Based on Exosomal Biomarkers

Nareg Ohannesian, Dilani Gunawardhana, Ibrahim Misbah, Mohsen Rakhshandehroo, Steven H. Lin, Wei-Chuan Shih

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: circulating tumor biomarkers; extracellular vesicles; biological nanoparticles; liquid biopsy; biosensing

Online: 31 January 2020 (05:18:15 CET)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0207.v1

Early Detection is as Important as Imatinib in CML Treatment Success

Dmitriy Sonkin, Richard Simon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: CML; Imatinib; early detection; cancer; tumor progression; oncology; Gleevec; Glivec

Online: 18 October 2019 (07:18:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0038.v1

STAT3 and STAT5 Activation in Solid Cancers

Sebastian Igelmann, Heidi A. Neubauer, Gerardo Ferbeyre

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: solid cancers; cell cycle; apoptosis; inflammation; mitochondria; stemness; tumor suppression

Online: 5 August 2019 (03:43:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0127.v1

Aberrant DNA Methylation in Cholangiocarcinoma

Toshiaki Nakaoka, Yoshimasa Saito, Hidetsugu Saito

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Cholangiocarcinoma; DNA methylation; Tumor suppressor gene; microRNA; DNA methylation inhibitor

Online: 16 May 2017 (18:08:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0962.v1

Effectiveness of a Single Fixed Dose 3 mg Rasburicase for Prevention and Management of Hyperuricemia of Tumor Lysis Syndrome in adult Cancer Patients

Sabirin Bakhsh, Mansoor Ahmed Khan, Majed Alshamrani, Roula Mufti, Anjum Naeem Ansari, Mansour Almubarak, Ahmad Alsaeed, Mousa Alahmari, Muhammad Aseeri

Subject: Oncology And Oncogenics, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Rasburicase; Tumor Lysis syndrome; Cost-effectiveness; 3 mg single fixed dose

Online: 14 May 2024 (12:46:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0738.v1

An Overview of Nanoparticle-Based Delivery Platforms for Vaccines

Yang Lin, Xuehua Chen, Ke Wang, Li Liang, Hongxia Zhang

Subject: Immunology And Microbiology, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Vaccine platform; Nanoparticles; mRNA vaccine; Lipid-based nanoparticles; Anti-tumor immunity

Online: 13 May 2024 (12:14:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1352.v1

2-Methoxyestradiol, an Endogenous 17β-Estradiol Metabolite, Induces Antimitogenic and Apoptotic Actions in Oli-Neu – Oligodendroglial Precursor Cells and Triggers Endoreduplication via p53 Pathway

Sara. A. Schaufelberger, Martina Schaettin, Giovanna Azzarito, Marinella Rosselli, Brigitte Leeners, Raghvendra Krishna Dubey

Subject: Life Sciences, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: 2-methoxyestradiol, p53, oligodendroglial precursor cells, glioblastoma tumor, endoreduplication, gliomas, apoptosis.

Online: 19 April 2024 (13:37:08 CEST)

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Abstract: Abnormal growth of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) importantly contributes to the progression of glioblastoma tumors. Hence, molecules that block OPC growth may be of therapeutic importance in treating gliomas. 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME), an endogenous tubulin interacting metabolite of estradiol is effective against multiple proliferative disorders. Based on its anti-carcinogenic and anti-angiogenic actions it is undergoing phase II clinical trials. We hy-pothesize that 2ME may prevent glioma growth by targeting OPC growth. Here we tested this hypothesis by assessing the impact of 2ME on growth of OPC cell line “Oli-neu” and dissected the underlying mechanism(s). Treatment with 2ME inhibited OPC growth in a concentra-tion-dependent manner and accompanied with significant upregulation in expression of p21 and p27, negative cell cycle regulators. Moreover, treatment with 2ME altered OPC morphology from multi-arm processes to rounded cells. At concentrations of 1uM and greater 2ME induced apoptosis with increased expression of caspase 3, PARP and caspase-7 fragments, externalized phosphatidylserine staining / apopercentage and increased mitochondrial activity. Flow-cytometry and microscopic analysis demonstrated that 2ME triggers endoreduplication in a concentration-dependent fashion. Importantly, 2ME induced cyclin E, JNK1/2 and p53 expres-sion as well as OPC cell fusion, key mechanisms driving endoreduplication or whole-genome duplication. Importantly, inhibition of p53 with pfithrin-α rescued 2ME-induced endoreduplica-tion. The pro-apoptotic and endoreduplication actions of 2ME were accompanied with upregula-tion of survivin, cyclin A, Cyclin B, Cyclin D2, ppRB. Taken together our findings provide evi-dence that 2ME not only inhibits OPC growth and triggers apoptosis, but also activates OPCs in a survival - fight or flight mode leading to endoreduplication. This inherent survival character-istic of OPCs may, in part be responsible for drug resistance in gliomas as observed for many tubulin interacting drugs. Importantly, the fate of OPCs after 2ME treatment may depend on cell-cycle status of the individual cells. Combining tubulin-interfering molecules with drugs, such as pfithrin-α, that inhibit endoreduplication may help inhibit OPC/glioma growth and lim-it drug resistance.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0567.v1

Immunogenicity of Non-mutated Ovarian Cancer-Specific Antigens

Leslie Hesnard, Catherine Thériault, Maxime Cahuzac, Chantal Durette, Krystel Vincent, Marie-Pierre Hardy, Joël Lanoix, Gabriel Ouellet Lavallée, Juliette Humeau, Pierre Thibault, Claude Perreault

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Tumor-specific antigen; Vaccine; Mass spectrometry; Antigen presentation; Immunogenicity; Dendritic cells

Online: 8 April 2024 (15:41:08 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1700.v2

Most Colorectal Hyperplastic Nodules Represent Polypoid Colitis Nucleomigrans - A New Challenge in Classifying Colorectal Mucosal Tumor-Like Lesions

Mitsuhiro Tachibana, Hideki Hamayasu, Akihiko Yokota, Masahiro Matsushita

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: hyperplastic nodule; polypoid lesion; colitis nucleomigrans; colorectal mucosa; tumor-like lesion

Online: 29 March 2024 (17:10:04 CET)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1404.v1

Exploring the Potential Use of Natural Products Together with Alkalization in Cancer Therapy

Masahide Isowa, Reo Hamaguchi, Ryoko Narui, Hiromasa Morikawa, Toshihiro Okamoto, And Hiromi Wada

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: tumor microenvironment; alkalization therapy; natural products; cancer, complementary and alternative medicine

Online: 26 February 2024 (09:30:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1184.v1

Histopathological Diagnosis of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma After Preoperative Corticosteroid Therapy

Julia Feldheim, Marvin Darkwah Oppong, Jonas Alexander Feldheim, Ramazan Jabbarli, Philipp Dammann, Anne-Kathrin Uerschels, Oliver Gembruch, Yahya Ahmadipour, Cornelius Deuschl, Andreas Junker, Ulrich Sure, Karsten Henning Wrede

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: primary central nervous system lymphoma; stereotactic biopsy; corticosteroid; histopathology; brain tumor

Online: 21 February 2024 (04:02:28 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0274.v1

FET- PET RANO for Radiotherapy Assessment of Gliomas

Izabela Zarębska, Maciej Harat

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: glioblastoma, amino acid PET, post-treatment changes, tumor progression, response assessment

Online: 5 February 2024 (13:28:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1885.v1

The Growth of Neuroblastoma Cells in 2D or 3D Depends on the Expression of Cathepsin D: Implication for the Metastatic Process

Eleonora Secomandi, Andrea Esposito, Giulia Camurani, Chiara Vidoni, Amreen Salwa, Letizia Vallino, Alessandra Ferraresi, Ciro Isidoro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: cancer; 3D neurospheres; lysosome; cell adhesion; clonal evolution; metastasis; tumor heterogeneity

Online: 26 January 2024 (09:41:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0530.v1

The Impact of Atmospheric Cadmium Exposure on Colon Cancer and the Invasiveness of Stents within the Cancerous Colon

Shuai Zhang, Ruikang Li, Jing Xu, Yan Liu, Yanjie Zhang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: cadmium; tumor; colon cancer; reactive oxygen species; Wnt/β -catenin pathway

Online: 8 January 2024 (11:16:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2143.v1

Development of Novel Bioluminescent Biosensors Monitoring Conformation and Activity of Merlin Tumor Suppressor

Alex Pipchuk, Tynan Kelly, Madeleine Carew, Christopher Nicol, And Xiaolong Yang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Hippo Pathway; Merlin; tumor suppressor; Biosensor; NanoLuc; NanoBiT; Cell contact inhibition

Online: 28 December 2023 (05:31:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0748.v1

Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution of LR004, a Novel Antiepidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibody

Ying Zheng, Guifang Dou, Shuchen Liu, Zhiyun Meng, Eric I. Tsao, Gang Yu, Xiaoxia Zhu, Ruolan Gu, Zhuona Wu, Yunbo Sun, Peng Han, Hui Gan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: monoclonal antibody; EGFR; tumor-targeting; pharmacokinetics; radionuclide-based biodistribution; nanoSPECT/CT

Online: 12 December 2023 (05:11:26 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0263.v1

Cancer‐Associated Fibroblast Heterogeneity in Oral Cancer

Julia Arebro, Che-Min Lee, Kevin L Bennewith, Cathie Garnis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Cancer‐associated fibroblast, CAF subtype, oral squamous cell carcinoma, tumor microenvironment

Online: 5 December 2023 (11:11:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0582.v1

Advantages of Long Wavelength Photosensitizer meso-Tetra(3-Pyridyl) Bacteriochlorin in Therapy of Bulky Tumors

Ekaterina A. Plotnikova, Elena Nemtsova, Maxim A. Abakumov, Andrei Pankratov, Peter Shegai, Andrey Kaprin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: photodynamic therapy; photosensitizer; bacteriochlorins; photocytotoxicity; photoinduced antitumor activity; cell; tissue; tumor

Online: 9 November 2023 (07:49:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1327.v1

HSF1 Inhibition: A Novel Anti-Cancer Strategy with Promise for Precision Oncology

Khanisyah Erza Gumilar, Yeh Chin, Ibrahim H. Ibrahim, Brahmana A. Tjokroprawiro, Jer-Yen Yang, Ming Zhou, Natalie R. Gassman, Ming Tan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: HSF1; heat shock response; cellular stress; cancer stem cells; tumor microenvironment

Online: 20 October 2023 (10:26:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0898.v1

Risk Factors for Elevated D-Dimer Levels in Patients with Gastrointestinal Tumors Treated with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

Shougo Komatsuda, Shinya Kodashima, Ken Ikusaka, Naoaki Aoki, Yuki Shimizu, Minoru Oda, Fumito Harada, Taku Honda, Shingo Komazaki, Miyoko Sakurai, Daisuke Yanagisawa, Kyohei Maruyama, Hitoshi Aoyagi, Akari Isono, Ryo Miura, Koichiro Abe, Toshihiko Arizumi, Yoshinari Asaoka, Takatsugu Yamamoto, Atsushi Tanaka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: D-dimer; Deep-vein thrombosis; Endoscopic submucosal dissection; Gastrointestinal tumor; Sedative

Online: 13 July 2023 (08:09:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1915.v1

The Disulfidptosis-Mediated Intercellular Communication in the Tumor Microenvironment Contributes to the Progression of Osteosarcoma and Immunotherapy

Yueying Xiao, Tianze Zhang, Jin Wang, Yanan Wang, Yanqing Huo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Disulfidptosis; Osteosarcoma; Tumor immune microenvironment; Immunotherapy; Prognostic model; CAPZB; Intercellular communication

Online: 27 June 2023 (13:28:20 CEST)

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Background: Disulfidptosis, a recently identified form of cell death triggered by excessive cysteine accumulation and subsequent disulfide stress, has emerged as a novel mechanism of cell death. Despite its significance, the role of disulfidptosis in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains poorly understood. Methods: In this study, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing data from 100,987 cells of 11 osteosarcoma (OS) patients. Using the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm, we performed dimensionality reduction analysis to identify distinct subtypes characterized by 14 disulfidptosis-related genes across major cell types within the TME. Subsequently, we assessed the prognosis and immunotherapy response associated with each disulfidptosis-related subtype, leveraging publicly available databases comprising osteosarcoma data and immunotherapy cohorts. Results: We identified distinct subtypes within tumor-associated fibroblasts, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and macrophages, which we named and annotated based on their characteristic genes. Furthermore, we observed a close association between disulfidptosis-related genes and key biological features of immune cells within the TME, elucidating inferred pseudotime trajectories. Notably, integrating bulk-seq data of osteosarcoma patients, we observed significant differences in overall survival rates among the disulfidptosis-related subtypes. Particularly, the disulfidptosis-related subtype within tumor-associated fibroblasts exhibited superior discriminatory ability in predicting the response of patients undergoing immunotherapy, surpassing other cell subtypes. Our cell-cell communication analysis highlighted extensive and specific interactions between disulfidptosis-related subtypes and osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, we confirmed the histological localization of the CAPZB+CAF subtype within osteosarcoma tissue and osteoclastoma using immunofluorescence (IF) techniques. Conclusions: Collectively, our study sheds light on the intercellular communication facilitated by disulfidptosis in the TME, underscoring its involvement in the biological functions and immunotherapy response of osteosarcoma.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1101.v1

Identification of Diagnostic Metabolic Signatures in Thyroid Tumors using Mass Spectrometry Imaging

Xinxin Mao, Luojiao Huang, Tiegang Li, Abliz Zeper, Jiuming He, Jie Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: thyroid follicular adenoma; thyroid follicular carcinoma; mass spectrometry; tumor; diagnose; marker

Online: 15 June 2023 (08:13:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0406.v1

Single Droplet Microsensor for Ultra-Short Circulating EFGR Mutations Detection in Lung Cancer Based on Multiplex EFIRM Liquid Biopsy

Fang Wei, Peter Yu, Jordan Cheng, Feng Li, David Chia, David T.W. Wong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Biosensors; ultra-short circulating tumor DNA; Lung Cancer; Liquid biopsy; EGFR

Online: 6 May 2023 (09:44:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0147.v1

An In-Vitro Approach to Model EMT in Breast Cancer

Lorenz Isert, Aditi Mehta, Gabriele Loiudice, Altea Oliva, Andreas Roidl, Olivia Merkel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: breast cancer; EMT; tumor microenvironment; collagen coatings; EMT-phenotyping; shape factors

Online: 8 March 2023 (06:29:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0325.v1

Foxp3 and CD68 as Potential Predictors of Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumor

Peter Grell, Simona Borilova, Pavel Fabian, Iveta Selingerova, David Novak, Petr Muller, Igor Kiss, Rostislav Vyzula

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Anti-tumor immunity; Predictive biomarker; Malignant melanoma; NSCLC

Online: 18 January 2023 (08:39:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0526.v1

Prognosis Prediction Based on Cuproptosis-Related lncRNAs and Immune Responses in Patients with LUAD

Qianhui Zhou, Yi Liu, Hongtao Duan, Lingli Quan, Yan Gao, Lin Wang, Jiaxiang Liu, Zain Abbas, Jean Bosco Nzeyimana, Shafqat Qamer, Nada Ibrahim, Mohammad Shahbaz Khan, Amal Hussain Mohammed, Ayesha Ameen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: lung adenocarcinoma; tumor mutation load; cuproptosis; long noncoding RNA; immunotherapeutic response

Online: 29 November 2022 (03:08:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0313.v1

Binding of Specific S100 Proteins Inhibits Activity of Tumor Necrosis Factor

Alexey S. Kazakov, Marina Y. Zemskova, Gleb K. Rystsov, Alisa A. Vologzhannikova, Evgenia I. Deryusheva, Victoria A. Rastrygina, Andrey S. Sokolov, Maria E. Permyakova, Ekaterina A. Litus, Vladimir N. Uversky, Eugene A. Permyakov, Sergei E. Permyakov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: cytokine; Tumor necrosis factor; S100 protein; protein–protein interaction; inflammatory diseases

Online: 16 November 2022 (13:12:59 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0452.v1

Evolutionary View on Lactate-Dependent Mechanisms of Maintaining Cancer Cells Stemness and Reprimitivization

Petr V. Shegay, Anastasia A. Zabolotneva, Olga P. Shatova, Aleksandr V. Shestopalov, Andrei D. Kaprin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: lactate; lactic acid; glycolysis; carcinogenesis; malignant tumor; evolutionary oncology; Warburg effect

Online: 26 August 2022 (07:13:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0082.v1

Purinergic Receptors Are a Key Bottleneck in Tumor Metabolic Reprogramming: The Prime Suspect in Cancer Therapeutic Resistance

Hamid Aria, Marzieh Rezaei, Shima Nazem, Abdolreza Daraei, Ghasem Nikfar, Behnam Mansoori, Maryam Bahmanyar, Alireza Tavassoli, Mohammad Kazem Vakil, Yaser Mansoori

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: therapy resistance; tumor microenvironment; metabolic reprogramming; purinergic receptor; cancer metabolism; immunometabolism

Online: 3 August 2022 (10:35:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0223.v1

Dolutegravir Inhibits Proliferation and Motility of BT-20 Tumor Cells through Inhibition of Human Endogenous Retrovirus Type K

Jiayi Li, John Lin, John Ryan Lin, Mason Farris, Lauren Robbins, Leo Andrada, Bryce Grohol, Serratt Nong, Yingguang Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: endogenous retroviruses; HERV-K; mouse mammary tumor virus; dolutegravir; 4T1 cells

Online: 18 February 2022 (05:10:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0008.v1

Prognosis of Aggressive Treatment of Primary Hepatic Angiosarcoma: A Single-Center Experience

Yang-Yuan Chen, Yung-Fang Chen, Chih-Hsuan Chen, Horng Ren Yang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: aggressive treatment; Liver transplant; nonaggressive treatment; Primary Hepatic Angiosarcoma; tumor resection

Online: 1 December 2021 (10:57:24 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0013.v1

Uveal Melanoma Metastasis

Ernesto Rossi, Michela Croce, Francesco Reggiani, Giovanni Schinzari, Marianna Ambrosio, Rosaria Gangemi, Giampaolo Tortora, Ulrich Pfeffer, Adriana Amaro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: uveal melanoma; tumorigenesis; molecular classification; targeted therapy; immune checkpoint; tumor heterogeneity

Online: 1 October 2021 (11:54:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0188.v1

Synthesis and In Silico Docking of New Pyrazolo[4,3-e]Pyrido[1,2-a]Pyrimidine-Based Cytotoxic Agents

Mabrouk Horchani, Niels V. Heise, Sophie Hoenke, Rene Csuk, Abdel Halim Harrath, Hichem Ben Jannet, Anis Romdhane

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: pyrazolo-pyrido-pyrimidines; cytotoxicity; tumor cell lines; SAR; in silico docking.

Online: 10 September 2021 (15:07:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0676.v1

Ultrasound Measurement of Tumor-Free Distance from the Serosal Surface as the Alternative to Measuring the Depth of Myometrial Invasion in Predicting Lymph Node Metastases in Endometrial Cancer

Marcin Liro, Marcin Śniadecki, Ewa Wycinka, Szymon Wojtylak, Michał Brzeziński, Agata Stańczak, Dariusz Grzegorz Wydra

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: ultrasound; endometrial cancer; lymph nodes metastasis; myometrial invasion; tumor-free distance

Online: 30 July 2021 (09:06:16 CEST)

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Background: Ultrasonography’s usefulness in endometrial cancer (EC) diagnosis consists of its staging and predictive roles. Ultrasound-measured tumor-free distance from the tumor to the uterine serosa (uTFD) is a promising marker for this variable. The aim of the study was to determine the usefulness of this biomarker in locoregional staging, and thus in the prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM). Methods: We conducted a single-institutional, prospective study on 116 consecutive patients with EC who underwent 2D transvaginal ultrasound examination. The uTFD marker was compared with the depth of ultrasound-measured myometrial invasion (uMI). Univariate and multivariate logit models were evaluated to assess the predictive power of the uTFD and uMI in regard to LNM. The reference standard was a final histopathology result. Survival was assessed by the Kaplan-Meyer method. Results: LNM was found in 17% of the patients (20/116). In the univariate analysis, uMI and uTFD were significant predictors of LNM. Accuracy was 70.7%, and NPV was 92.68% (OR 4.746, 95% CI 1.710-13.174) for uMI (p = 0.002), and 63.8%, and 89.02% (OR 0.842, 95% CI 0.736 – 0.963), respectively, for uTFD (p = 0.01). The cut-off value for uTFD in the prediction of LNM was 5.2 mm. The absence of LNM was associated more with biomarker values uMI <1/2 and uTFD >=5.2 mm than with the presence of metastases with uMI >1/2 and uTFD values <5.2 mm. In the multivariate analysis, the accuracy of the uMI-uTFD model was 74%, and NPV was 90.24% (p = NS). Neither uMI nor uTFD are surrogates for overall and recurrence-free survivals in endometrial cancer. Conclusions: Both uMI and uTFD, either alone or in combination, are valuable tools for gaining additional preoperative information on expected lymph node status. Negative lymph nodes status is better described by ultrasound biomarkers than a positive status. It is easier to use uTFD measurement as a biomarker of EC invasion than uMI, and the former still maintains a similar predictive value for lymph node metastases to the latter at diagnosis.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0068.v1

Genomic Landscape of Angiosarcoma: A Targeted and Immunotherapy Biomarker Analysis

Andrea Espejo-Freire, Andrew Elliot, Andrew Rosenberg, Philippos Apolinario Costa, Priscila Barreto Coelho, Emily Jonczak, Gina D’Amato, Ty Subhawong, Junaid Arshad, Julio A. Diaz-Perez, W. Michael Korn, Matthew J. Oberley, Daniel Magee, Don Dizon, Margaret von Mehren, Moh'd M. Khushman, Atif Mahmoud Hussein, Kirsten Leu, Jonathan C. Trent

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Angiosarcoma; biomarkers; tumor microenvironment; immunotherapy, next generation sequencing, whole transcriptome sequencing.

Online: 2 July 2021 (15:43:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0147.v1

Colombian Essential oil of Ruta Graveolens Against Candida sp. Isolated from the Oral Cavity of Patients with Head and Neck Cancer

Matthew Gavino Donadu, Yeimmy Peralta-Ruiz, Donatella Usai, Francesca Maggio*, Davide Rizzo, Francesco Bussu, Salvatore Rubino, Stefania Zanetti, Antonello Paparella, Clemencia Chaves Lopez*

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Candida sp.; head - neck tumor; innovative antifungals; azole-resistant; Ruta graveolens.

Online: 4 March 2021 (09:18:46 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0729.v2

The Undervalued Avenue to Reinstate Tumor Suppressor Functionality of the p53 Protein Family for Improved Cancer Therapy - Drug Repurposing

Joanna E Zawacka-Pankau

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: p53; p73; MDM2; MDMX; tumor suppressor; drug repurposing; aspirin; protoporphyrin IX; verteporfin

Online: 17 September 2020 (07:23:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0122.v1

A Tryptophan-based Assay Method to Search Regulatory Compounds for TCTP

Seri Jo, Eun-Wha Jang, Mi-Sun Kim, Suwon Kim, Kyunglim Lee, Dong Hae Shin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Transcriptionally controlled tumor protein (TCTP); Tryptophan; Florescence; Flavonoid; Native gel electrophoresis

Online: 7 July 2020 (09:49:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0351.v1

Cross-Validated AdaBoost Classifier Used for Brain Tumor Detection

Shawni Dutta, Samir Bandyopadhyay

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Brain Tumor; Machine Learning; Ensemble techniques; AdaBoost; Cross-Validation; Stratified technique

Online: 29 June 2020 (07:27:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0074.v1

Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Amir Shamshirian, Keyvan Heydari, Zahra Shams, Amir Reza Aref, Danial Shamshirian, Omid Reza Tamtaji, Zatollah Asemi, Hamed Mirzaei, Neda Mohammadi, Behdad Zibaee, Keyvan Karimifar, Bahman Zarandi, Akbar Hedayatizadeh-Omran, Reza Alizadeh-Navaei

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: breast tumor; mammary neoplasm; breast carcinoma; meta-analysis; population at risk

Online: 7 April 2020 (01:22:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0149.v1

A_2B Adenosine Receptor and Cancer

Zhan-Guo Gao, Kenneth A. Jacobson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: adenosine receptor; immune system; cancer therapy; tumor microenvironment; cell proliferation; metastasis

Online: 13 October 2019 (16:28:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0080.v1

Oxidative Stress as a Mediator of the Immunomodulation Exerted by Monoclonal Antibodies in the Treatment of Lung Cancer in Mice

Jun Tang, Daniel Ramis-Cabrer, Xuejie Wang, Esther Barreiro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: experimental lung cancer; immunomodulators; oxidative stress; autophagy; tumor growth; sirtuin-1

Online: 10 June 2019 (16:12:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0511.v1

Small Bowel Carcinomas Associated with Immune-Mediated Intestinal Disorders: the Current Knowledge

Paolo Giuffrida, Alessandro Vanoli, Giovanni Arpa, Arturo Bonometti, Enrico Solcia, Gino Roberto Corazza, Marco Paulli, Antonio Di Sabatino

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: coeliac disease; Crohn’s disease; dysplasia; histotype; overall survival; tumor infiltrating lymphocyte.

Online: 20 November 2018 (16:43:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0565.v1

Aberrant Epigenetic Regulation in Head and Neck Cancer Due to Distinct EZH2 Overexpression and DNA Hypermethylation

Daiki Mochizuki, Yuki Misawa, Hideya Kawasaki, Atsushi Imai, Shiori Endo, Masato Mima, Satoshi Yamada, Takuya Nakagawa, Takeharu Kanazawa, Kiyoshi Misawa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: EZH2; epigenetic regulation; DZNep; tumor-related genes; head and neck cancer

Online: 24 October 2018 (10:34:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0030.v1

Automatic Localization Algorithm for Ultrasound Breast Tumors Based on Human Visual Mechanism

Yuting Xie, Ke Chen, Jiangli Lin

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Data Structures, Algorithms And Complexity Keywords: Automatic localization; human visual mechanism; superpixel contrast feature; ultrasound breast tumor.

Online: 5 April 2017 (15:50:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0092.v1

Nano-Pulse Treatment Overcomes Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment to Elicit In Situ Vaccination Protection against Breast Cancer

Anthony Nanajian, Megan Scott, Niculina I. Burcus, Brittney L. Ruedlinger, Ayobami Oshin, Stephen J. Beebe, Siqi Guo

Subject: Immunology And Microbiology, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Nano-pulse treatment (NPT); in situ vaccination; breast cancer; tumor microenvironment; immunosuppression; apoptosis; memory T cells; regulatory T cells; myeloid-derived suppressor cells; tumor-associated macrophages

Online: 2 May 2024 (12:04:27 CEST)

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We previously reported nano-pulse treatment (NPT), a pulsed power technology, resulted in 4T1-luc mammary tumor elimination and a strong in situ vaccination, thereby completely protecting tumor-free animals against a second live tumor challenge. The mechanism whereby NPT mounts effective antitumor immune responses in the 4T1 breast cancer predominantly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unanswered. In this study, orthotopic 4T1 mouse breast tumors were treated with NPT (100 ns, 50 kV/cm, 1000 pulses, 3 Hz). Blood, spleen, draining lymph nodes and tumors were harvested at 4-hour, 8-hour, 1-, 3-, 7-day. Additional studies were conducted over 3-month posttreatment intervals for the analysis of frequencies, death and functional markers of various immune cells in addition to suppressor function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). NPT was verified to elicit strong in situ vaccination (ISV) against breast cancer and promoted both acute and long-term T cell memory. NPT abolished immunosuppressive dominance systemically and in the TME by substantially reducing Tregs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). NPT induced apoptosis in Tregs and TAMs. It also functionally diminished the Treg suppression capacity, likely explained by the downregulation of activation markers, particularly 4-1BB and TGFβ, and a phenotypic shift from predominantly activated (CD44+CD62L-) to naïve (CD44-CD62L+) Tregs. Importantly, NPT selectively induced apoptosis in activated Tregs and spared effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. These changes were followed by a concomitant rise in CD8+CD103+ tissue-resident memory T cells and TAM M1 polarization. These findings indicate that NPT effectively switches the TME and secondary lymphatic systems from an immunosuppressive to an immunostimulatory state allowing cytotoxic T-cell function and immune memory formation to eliminate cancer cells and account for the NPT in situ vaccination.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0835.v1

Osteopontin, a Key Multifaceted Regulator in Tumor Progression and Immunomodulation

Venketesh K. Panda, Barnalee Mishra, Angitha N Nath, Ramesh Butti, Amit Singh Yadav, Diksha Malhotra, Sinjan Khanra, Samikshya Mahapatra, Priyanka Mishra, Biswajit Swain, Sambhunath Majhi, Kavita Kumari, NNV Radharani, Gopal C. Kundu

Subject: Life Sciences, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: breast cancer; osteopontin (OPN); tumor associated macrophages; cancer associated fibroblast; immune modulation

Online: 13 May 2024 (10:40:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1167.v1

Discovery of Novel Potential Prognostic Marker and Targeted Therapy to Overcome Chemotherapy Resistance in an Advanced Stage Wilms’ Tumor

Pongsakorn Choochuen, Natakorn Nokchan, Natthapon Khongcharoen, Wison Laochareonsuk, Komwit Surachat, Thirachit Chotsampancharoen, Thanit Sila, Surasak Sangkhathat

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Wilms’ tumor; Chemotherapy resistance; Biomarkers; Somatic mutation; Targeted therapy; Cancer-driver mutation

Online: 17 April 2024 (15:03:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0328.v1

Lonicera japonica Thunb. Ethanol Extract Exerts a Protective Effect on Normal Human Gastric Epithelial Cells by Modulating the Activity of Tumor-Necrosis-Factor-α-Induced Inflammatory Cyclooxygenase 2/Prostaglandin E2 and Matrix Metalloproteinase 9

Hsi-Lung Hsieh, Ming-Chin Yu, Yu-Chia Chang, Yi-Hsuan Wu, Kuo-Hsiung Huang, Ming-Ming Tsai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Lonicera japonica Thunb.; Matrix metallopeptidase-9; Tumor necrosis factor-α ; Cyclooxygenase-2

Online: 4 April 2024 (12:58:33 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1529.v1

Ultrasound-Histopathological Presentation of Adolescent Patients with DICER1 Syndrome-Case Reports and Literature Overview

Dominika Januś, Monika Kujdowicz, Konrad Kaleta, Kamil Możdżeń, Jan Radliński, Anna Taczanowska-Niemczuk, Aleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć, Marcin Maślanka, Wojciech J. Górecki, Jerzy Starzyk

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: multinodular goiter; secondary amenorrhoea; , Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor; DICER1 syndrome; euthyroid goiter

Online: 27 February 2024 (12:24:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0504.v1

POTT-Study – Prevalence of OSA in HNSCC Patients before and after Treatment

Olaf Gil, Benjamin Fenske, Thomas Bremert, Marcus Vollmer, Christian Scharf, Chia-Jung Busch, Markus Blaurock

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Otolaryngology Keywords: tumor, sleep-related breathing disorders, Head and neck cancer, Obstructive sleep apnea

Online: 5 January 2024 (15:00:04 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0567.v1

Pancreatic Cancer- Secreted Proteins: Targeting Their Functions in Tumor Microenvironment

Anna Lisa Cammarota, Antonia Falco, Anna Basile, Carlo Molino, Massimiliano Chetta, Gianni D'Angelo, Liberato Marzullo, Margot De Marco, Maria Caterina Turco, Alessandra Rosati

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma; secretome; cell signaling; tumor microenvironment; small molecules; monoclonal antibodies.

Online: 7 August 2023 (12:12:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0171.v1

Microfluidic Microcirculation Mimetic for Exploring Biophysical Mechanisms of Chemotherapy-Induced Metastasis

Ashley Abraham, Sukhman Virdi, Nick Herrero, Israel Bryant, Chisom Nwakama, Megha Jacob, Gargee Khaparde, Destiny Jordan, Mackenzie McCuddin, Spencer McKinley, Adam Taylor, Conner Peeples, Andrew Ekpenyong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: microfluidics; metastasis; cancer; mechanical properties; physics of cancer; chemotherapy; microcirculation; tumor microenvironment

Online: 4 July 2023 (08:47:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1223.v1

Prostate Cancer: Genetics, Epigenetics and the Need for Immunological Biomarkers

Guzel Rafikova, Irina Gilyazova, Kadriia Enikeeva, Valentin Pavlov, Julia G. Kzhyshkowska

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: cancer genetics; cancer epigenetic; tumor microenvironment; monocytes; TAMs; prostate cancer; cancer biomarkers

Online: 16 June 2023 (10:42:15 CEST)

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Epidemiological data highlight prostate cancer as a significant global health issue, with high incidence and substantial impact on patients' quality of life. The prevalence of this disease is associated with various factors, including age, heredity, and race. Recent research in prostate cancer genetics has identified several genetic variants that may be associated with an increased risk of developing the disease. However, despite the significance of these findings, genetic markers for prostate cancer are not currently utilized in clinical practice as reliable indicators of the disease. In addition to genetics, epigenetic alterations also play a crucial role in prostate cancer development. Aberrant DNA methylation, changes in chromatin structure, and microRNA (miRNA) expression are major epigenetic events that influence oncogenesis. Existing markers for prostate cancer, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), have limitations in terms of sensitivity and specificity. The cost of testing, follow-up procedures, and treatment for false-positive results and overdiagnosis contributes to the overall healthcare expenditure. Improving the effectiveness of prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis requires either narrowing the risk group by identifying new genetic factors or enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of existing markers. Immunological biomarkers (both circulating and intra-tumoral), including markers of immune response and immune dysfunction, represent a potentially useful area of research for enhancing the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer. Our review emphasizes the need for developing novel immunological biomarkers to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of prostate cancer. We highlight the most recent achievements in the identification of biomarkers provided by circulating monocytes and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). We highlight that monocytes-derived and TAMs-derived biomarkers can enable to establish the missing links between genetic predisposition, hormonal metabolism and immune responses in prostate cancer.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0602.v1

Molecular Mechanisms for Targeting Metastatic Cancer Cells and to Overcome or Prevent Chemotherapy Resistance

Maryam Eslami, Ali Davarpanah, Amir Hossein Rismanbaf, Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary, Saeed Dorgaleleh, Omeed MemarSadeghi, Karim Nayernia, Babak Behnam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Chemotherapy Resistance; Molecular Targeting; Signalling Pathway; Metastasis; Apoptosis; Tumor Microenvironment; Cancer Stemness

Online: 8 June 2023 (07:37:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2269.v1

Suppression of Nasopharyngeal and Gastric Tumors Growth in a Mouse Model by Antibodies to Epstein-Barr Virus LMP-1 Protein

Abdelhalim Khenchouche, Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit, Ahd Ahmed Mansour, Mohammad N. Alomary, Xiaohui Wang, Hayat Ali Alzahrani, Ibrahim M. Al Hosiny, Ehab I. Taha, Gamal A. Shazly, Yacine Benguerba, Karim Houali

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: EBV oncogenes; LMP1; Nasopharyngeal; gastric carcinomas; mouse model; tumor suppression and prevention

Online: 31 May 2023 (14:42:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1507.v1

Clinical Advances and Perspectives in Targeted Radionuclide Therapy

Nicolas Lepareur, Barthélémy Ramée, Marie Mougin-Degraef, Mickaël Bourgeois

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Radionuclide therapy; nuclear medicine; radiopharmaceutical; antibody; peptide; small molecule inhibitor; tumor; microenvironment

Online: 22 May 2023 (10:51:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0166.v1

Glutathione Modulates Efficacious Changes in the Immune Response Against Tuberculosis

Arbi Abnousian, Joshua Vasquez, Kayvan Sasaninia, Melissa Kelley, Vishwanath Venketaraman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: glutathione; tuberculosis; mycobacteria; interferons; interleukins; tumor necrosis factor; trans-forming growth factor

Online: 10 April 2023 (10:16:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0434.v1

Identification of a NACC1-Regulated Gene Signature Impli-Cated in the Features of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Xia Liu, Chrispus Ngule, Hami Hemati, Oluwafunminiyi Obaleye, Amos Oyelami, Felix Oyelami, Xingcong Ren, Jianxun Song, Xiaofang Xiong, Jin-ming Yang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Tumor progression; cancer stem cells; gene signature; NACC1; triple negative breast cancer

Online: 27 February 2023 (03:10:34 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0222.v1

The Entity of Cerebellar Mutism Syndrome: A Narrative Review Centered on the Etiology, Diagnostics, Prevention, and Therapeutic Options

DIMITRIOS PANAGOPOULOS, GEORGIOS STRANJALIS, Maro Gavra, Efstathios Boviatsis, Stefanos Korfias, Ploutarchos Karydakis, Marios Tmemistocleous

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: cerebellal mutism syndrome,; cerebello-cerebral diaschisis; posterior fossa tumor; vermis language impairment

Online: 13 December 2022 (02:35:01 CET)

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Cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS), also known as posterior fossa syndrome, is encountered in a subset of children who have undergone an operative procedure of the posterior cranial fossa, mainly involving the vermis, and the most frequent underlying pathology is proved to be medulloblastoma. The most common characteristics of this syndrome include an often transient, although protracted, language impairment, emotional lability, along with cerebellar, and brainstem dysfunction. Nevertheless, a significant number of patients experience persistent neurological deficits and lasting neurocognitive impairment. A lot of research and clinical studies have been performed in order to better delineate this syndrome. The main obstacles in our way to highlight all aspects of this syndrome were related with an inconsistent nomenclature, poorly defined diagnostic criteria, and uncertainty surrounding risk factors and etiology. Currently, there is a combination of diagnostic criteria that are regarded as prerequisites in order to establish the diagnosis of CMS. These include language impairment and emotional lability, as proposed by the international Board of the Posterior Fossa Society in their consensus statement. Several risk factors are recognized as implicated in the pathogenesis of this syndrome, including midline tumor location, diagnosis of medulloblastoma, younger age at diagnosis, and preoperatively established language impairment. A proposed etiology of CMS includes disruption of the cerebellar outflow tracts, the cerebellar nuclei, and their efferent projections through the superior cerebellar peduncle. Specific treatment for CMS is lacking, and it continues to be directed at symptom management. Our aim is to present a comprehensive narrative review of CMS etiology, diagnosis, risk factors, clinical presentation, and clinical management. Moreover, we attempt to recognize the most widely recognized priorities of the research community in order to expand our knowledge in the era of diagnostics, prevention, and therapeutic options for patients suffering from CM, or who are at risk for development of this syndrome.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0368.v1

Finding Waldo: The Evolving Paradigm of Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA)-Guided Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Assessment in Colorectal Cancer (CRC)

Sakti Chakrabarti, Anup Kasi, Aparna Raj Parikh, Amit Mahipal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: circulating tumor DNA; colon cancer; colorectal cancer; minimal residual disease; adjuvant chemotherapy

Online: 27 May 2022 (03:52:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0297.v1

The Effect of Intratumoral Interrelation among FOXP3+ Regulatory T cells on Treatment Response and Survival in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Noriko Goda, Chika Nakashima, Ichiro Nagamine, Sunao Otagaki

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: regulatory T cell; tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte; neoadjuvant chemotherapy; triple-negative breast cancer

Online: 22 March 2022 (07:50:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0133.v1

Effect of Neoadjuvant Therapies on Soft Tissue Sarcomas with Tail-Like Lesions: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Hisaki Aiba, Kunihiro Ikuta, Kunihiro Asanuma, Katsuhisa Kawanami, Satoshi Tsukushi, Akihiko Matsumine, Daisuke Ishimura, Akihito Nagano, Yoji Shido, Eiji Kozawa, Kenji Yamada, Junji Wasa, Hiroaki Kimura, Takao Sakai, Hideki Murakami, Tomohisa Sakai, Tomoki Nakamura, Yoshihiro Nishida

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Neoadjuvant therapy; Soft tissue tumor; Sarcoma; Tail sign; Radiotherapy; Chemotherapy; Hyperthermia; Surgery

Online: 6 July 2021 (11:25:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0050.v1

MMTV Prevalence in Breast Cancer Samples in Romania- Do Major Geographical Differences Exist in the World Population?

Zsolt Fekete, Bristena Octavia Terțan, Lajos Ráduly, Dan Tudor Eniu, Rareș Buiga, Mihaela Galatâr, Ioana Berindan-Neagoe

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: mouse mammary tumor virus 1; human breast cancer 2; risk factor 3

Online: 2 July 2021 (11:34:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0113.v1

Perioperative Complications After Parotidectomy using a Standardized Grading Scale Classification System. Impact on Hospitalization Stay.

Natacha Terlinden, Marc Hamoir, Aline Van Maanen, Sandra Schmitz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: parotidectomy; postoperative complications; perioperative complications; salivary gland tumor; facial paralysis; hospital stay

Online: 4 December 2020 (14:02:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0437.v1

Modulation of ATP8B1 Gene expression in Colorectal Cancer Cells Suggest its Role as a Tumor Suppressor

Saleh Althenayyan, Amal AlGhamdi, Mohammed H AlMuhanna, Esraa Hawsa, Dalal Aldeghaither, Jahangir Iqbal, Sameer Mohammad, Mohammad Aziz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Colorectal cancer; flippase; ion transporter; tumor suppressor gene; chromosome 18q; lipid transport

Online: 16 November 2020 (17:09:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0224.v1

The Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonist Aprepitant, a New Drug for the Treatment of Hematological Malignancies: Focus on Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Miguel Muñoz, Rafael Coveñas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: substance P,; NK-1R,; AML,; Aprepitant,; anti-leukemic,; apoptosis,; non-solid tumor

Online: 14 April 2020 (15:19:45 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0316.v1

The Stroma and Tumor Microenvironment Are Not the Most Instrumental Players in Tumor Cells Immune Evasion, Growth, and Resistance to Therapy

Hatem Tallima, Rashika El Ridi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Cancer surgery; Cancer radiotherapy; Cancer immunotherapy; Cancer stroma; Cancer-associated fibroblasts; Carcinogenesis; Cancer resistance to immunotherapy; Exosomes; Hypoxia; Neutrophil extracellular traps; Sphingomyelin; Neutral sphingomyelinase; Tumor microenvironment; Tumor-associated macrophages

Online: 22 June 2022 (10:25:07 CEST)

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