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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0505.v1

Alcohol Use and Associated Factors Among High School, College and University Students in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol, 2017

Tadele Amare, Wondale Getinet

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: alcohol use, student, systematic review

Online: 29 August 2018 (15:52:44 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0122.v1

The Food and Beverage Occurrence of Furfuryl Alcohol and β-myrcene – Two Emerging Potential Human Carcinogens?

Alex O. Okaru, Dirk W. Lachenmeier

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: furfuryl alcohol; β- myrcene; carcinogens; occurrence

Online: 25 December 2016 (08:21:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0060.v1

Impact of Soft Tissue Pathophysiology in the Development and Maintenance of Bisphosphonate Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ)

Thomas Ziebart, Sebastian Blatt, Junho Jung, Andreas Pabst, Christian Walter, Frank Halling, Paul Heymann, Andreas Neff, Leonardo Righesso

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: gingiva; bisphosphonate; soft tissue; fibroblasts; keratinocytes; bisphosphonate associated osteonecrosis of the jaws

Online: 15 October 2016 (08:03:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0003.v6

Farey Sequences and the Riemann Hypothesis

Darrell Cox

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Riemann hypothesis, Farey sequence, Gauss sum associated with a Dirichlet character

Online: 10 August 2016 (11:35:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0001.v1

ESWT Enhances Expression of Pdia-3 which is a Key Factor of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Rapid Membrane Signaling Pathway in Treatment of Early Osteoarthritis Knee

Shan-Ling Hsu, Jai-Hong Cheng, Ching-Jen Wang, Jih-Yang Ko, Chih-Hsiang Hsu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: protein-disulfide isomerase-associated 3; osteoarthritis; extracorporeal shockwave therapy; 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 signaling pathway; two dimensional electrophoresis

Online: 1 September 2016 (10:47:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0337.v1

Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizers – A Multidimensional Perspective

Nasser N. Nyamwweya, Kennedy O. Abuga

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: hand sanitizers; hand rubs; alcohol based; disinfection; hand hygiene; coronavirus; COVID-19

Online: 15 September 2020 (09:07:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0219.v1

Akebia quinata Extract Combined with Korean Traditional Juice Activates Antioxidant Enzymes and Reduces Apoptosis and Inflammation

Da Hye Song, Gyeong-Ji Kim, Han Seok Yoo, Kang-Hyun Chung, Kwon-Jai Lee, Jeung Hee An

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: Akebia quinata extracts; alcohol; liver disease; CYP2E1; COX-2

Online: 31 May 2017 (11:38:36 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0158.v1

A Local Mechanism by which Alcohol Consumption Causes Cancer

Miguel López-Lázaro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: alcohol; cancer; ethanol; tobacco; carcinogenesis; oral cavity; pharynx; esophagus; stem cells; stem cell division theory of cancer

Online: 16 August 2016 (09:45:33 CEST)

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Epidemiological data indicate that 5.8% of cancer deaths world-wide are attributable to alcohol consumption. The risk of cancer is higher in tissues in closest contact on ingestion of alcohol, such as the oral cavity, pharynx and esophagus. The risk of these cancers is increased even in people who have only one alcoholic drink per day. However, since ethanol is not mutagenic and the carcinogenic metabolite of ethanol (acetaldehyde) is mostly produced in the liver, it is not clear why alcohol use preferentially exerts a local carcinogenic effect. It is well known that ethanol causes cell death at the concentrations present in alcoholic beverages; however, this effect has been overlooked probably because dead cells cannot give rise to cancer. Here I discuss that the cytotoxic effect of ethanol on the cells lining the oral cavity, pharynx and esophagus activates the division of the stem cells located in deeper layers of the mucosa to replace the dead cells. Every time stem cells divide, they become exposed to unavoidable errors associated with cell division (e.g., mutations arising during DNA replication and chromosomal alterations occurring during mitosis) and also become highly vulnerable to the genotoxic activity of endogenous and exogenous DNA-damaging agents (e.g., reactive oxygen species, acetaldehyde and tobacco carcinogens). Alcohol consumption probably increases the risk of developing cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx and esophagus by promoting the accumulation of cell divisions in the stem cells that maintain these tissues in homeostasis. Because the cytotoxic activity of ethanol is concentration-dependent, the risk of these cancers will not only increase with increasing amounts of ethanol, but also with increasing concentrations; an ounce of whisky is probably more carcinogenic when taken undiluted than when taken mixed with non-alcoholic beverages. The local cytotoxic effect of ethanol can also explain the known synergistic effect of alcohol and tobacco use on the risk of these cancers. Understanding the mechanisms of carcinogenicity of alcohol is important to reinforce the epidemiological evidence and to raise public awareness of the strong link between alcohol consumption and cancer.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0107.v1

Electrochemical Biosensor Using Acetobacter Enzyme for Detecting Alcohol

Dyah Iswantini, Novik Nurhidayat, Indah R. Djukarsa

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Chemical Engineering Keywords: alcohol oxidase (AOX); biosensor; halal products; cyclic voltammetry

Online: 25 October 2016 (09:46:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0043.v1

Arms Race between Enveloped Viruses and the Host ERAD Machinery

Dylan A. Frabutt, Yong-Hui Zheng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: enveloped viruses; viral glycoproteins; endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation; ERAD; unfolded protein response; UPR; ER stress

Online: 4 August 2016 (11:44:59 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0061.v1

Conducting Wine Symphonics with the Aid of Yeast Genomics

Isak Pretorius

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: alcohol; aroma; bioengineering; flavour; synthetic genomics; taste; wine; yeast

Online: 10 December 2016 (09:09:54 CET)

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A perfectly balanced wine can be said to create a symphony in the mouth. To achieve the sublime, both in wine and music, requires imagination and skilled orchestration of artistic craftmanship. For wine, inventiveness starts in the vineyard. Similar to a composer of music, the grapegrower produces grapes through a multitude of specifications to achieve a quality result. Different Vitis vinifera grape varieties allow the creation of wine of different genres. Akin to a conductor of music, the winemaker decides what genre to create and considers resources required to realise the grape’s potential. A primary consideration is the yeast: inoculate the grape juice or leave it ‘wild’; which specific or combined Saccharomyces strain(s) should be used; or proceed with a non-Saccharomyces species? Whilst the various Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts perform their role during fermentation, the performance is not over until the ‘fat lady’ (S. cerevisiae) has sung (i.e. the grape sugar has been fermented to specified dryness and alcoholic fermentation is complete). Is the wine harmonious or discordant? Will the consumer demand an encore and make a repeat purchase? Understanding consumer needs lets winemakers orchestrate different symphonies (i.e. wine styles) using single- or multi-species ferments. Some consumers will choose the sounds of a philharmonic orchestra comprising a great range of diverse instrumentalists (as is the case with wine created from spontaneous fermentation); some will prefer to listen to a smaller ensemble (analogous to wine produced by a selected group of non-Saccharomyces and Saccharomyces yeast); and others will favour the well-known and reliable superstar soprano (i.e. S. cerevisiae). But what if a digital music synthesiser ‒ such as a synthetic yeast ‒ becomes available that can produce any music genre with the purest of sounds by the touch of a few buttons? Will synthesisers spoil the character of the music and lead to the loss of the much-lauded romantic mystique? Or will music synthesisers support composers and conductors to create novel compositions and even higher quality performances that will thrill audiences? This article explores these and other relevant questions in the context of winemaking and the role that yeast and its genomics play in the betterment of wine quality.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0155.v1

Cancer-associated Fibroblasts: Origins, Heterogeneity and Functions in Tumor Microenvironment

Kevin Dzobo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Tumor microenvironment; tumor stroma; cancer-associated fibroblasts; heterogeneity; biomarkers; cancer; The Cancer Genome Atlas; gene expression; computational biology

Online: 15 January 2020 (12:56:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0017.v1

High Ethanol Contents of Spirit Drinks in Kibera Slums, Kenya: Implications for Public Health

Alex O. Okaru, Kennedy O. Abuga, Isaac O. Kibwage, Dirk W. Lachenmeier

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: artisanal spirit; alcohol strength; volatiles

Online: 5 September 2017 (17:36:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0204.v1

Association Between Serum Selenium Concentrations and Levels of Proinflammatory and Profibrotic Cytokines - Interleukin-6 and Growth Differentiation Factor-15, in Patients with Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis

Andrzej Prystupa, Paweł Kiciński, Dorota Luchowska-Kocot, Anna Blazewicz, Jarosław Niedziałek, Grzegorz Mizerski, Mariusz Jojczuk, Andrzej Ochal, Jarosław J. Sak, Wojciech Załuska

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: alcohol; liver cirrhosis; selenium; interleukin-6; growth differentiation factor-15

Online: 27 March 2017 (16:12:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0098.v1

MicroRNAs in the Communication between Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAF) and Cancer Cells

Maren Schoepp, Anda Jana Stroese, Joerg Haier

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: MicroRNA; cancer associated fibroblasts; cell-cell communication; transformation; epigenetic

Online: 28 February 2017 (10:29:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0234.v1

Sequence Properties of the MAAP Protein and of the VP1 Capsid Protein of Adeno-Associated Viruses

David G. Karlin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: adeno-associated virus; protein sequence analysis; overlapping genes; amino acid depletion; cysteine depletion; tyrosine depletion; capsid design; membrane-binding amphipathic helix

Online: 17 February 2020 (02:42:39 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0160.v2

NIH SenNet Consortium: Mapping Senescent Cells in the Human Body to Understand Health and Disease

Patty J Lee, Philip Blood, Katy Börner, Judith Campisi, Feng Chen, Heike Daldrup-Link, Phil De Jager, Li Ding, Francesca E. Duncan, Oliver Eickelberg, Rong Fan, Toren Finkel, Vesna Garovic, Nils Gehlenborg, Carolyn Glass, Ziv Bar-Joseph, Pragati Katiyar, So-Jin Kim, Melanie Königshoff, George Kuchel, Haesung Lee, Jun H. Lee, Jian Ma, Qin Ma, Simon Melov, Kay Metis, Ana L. Mora, Nicolas Musi, Nicola Neretti, João F. Passos, Irfan Rahman, Juan Carlos Rivera-Mulia, Paul Robson, Mauricio Rojas, Ananda L. Roy, Birgit Schilling, Pixu Shi, Jonathan Silverstein, Vidyani Suryadevera, Jichun Xie, Jinhua Wang, An-Kwok Ian Wong, Laura Niedernhofer

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Cellular Senescence Network; Normal Aging; Senescence; Senescence-associated secretory phenotype; SenNet

Online: 15 September 2022 (12:52:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0149.v1

Association between Alcohol Consumption, Folate Intake, and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Case-Control Study

Winta Yellow, William R. Bamlet, Ann L. Oberg, Kristin E. Anderson, Janet E. Olson, Rashmi Sinha, Gloria M. Petersen, Rachael Z. Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rick J. Jansen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: pancreatic cancer; alcohol intake; folate intake; case-control study

Online: 20 March 2017 (08:29:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0427.v1

Quality of Alcohol Based Hand Sanitizers Marketed in the Nairobi Metropolis

Kennedy Abuga, Nasser Nyamweya, Obed King’ondu

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: Hand sanitizer; COVID-19; alcohol; methanol substitution; gas chromatography; substandard products; falsified products; post-market surveillance

Online: 24 September 2021 (12:25:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0147.v1

Novel Therapeutic Targets and Biomarkers for the Treatment of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

Imogen Tyer, Alison Hill

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: PSP; Progressive Supranuclear Palsy; 4R-tau; four-repeat tau; MAPT; Microtubule-associated ligand; PET; Positron Emission Tomography

Online: 12 June 2020 (09:41:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0105.v1

Survey on Energy Drinks Consumption and Related Lifestyle among Students of Two Italian High Schools

Michele Totaro, Michela Avella, Serena Giorgi, Alberto Tulipani, Anna Laura Costa, Paola Valentini, Pier Luigi Lopalco, Angelo Baggiani

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: energy drinks; adolescent lifestyle; alcohol; caffeine; sports

Online: 12 January 2018 (05:12:03 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0532.v2

COVID-19 Lockdown and Lifestyles – A Narrative Review

Sathyanarayanan Doraiswamy, Sohaila Cheema, Ahmad Al Mulla, Ravinder Mamtani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; Lifestyle; Diet; Physical activity; Stress; Smoking; Substance; Alcohol; Emotional well-being; Social connectedness

Online: 15 March 2021 (13:39:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0059.v1

Sequestration Effect on the Open-Cyclic Switchable Property of Warfarin by Cyclodextrin: Ultrafast Dynamical Study

Naji Al-Dubaili, Na'il Saleh

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Physical Chemistry Keywords: open-cyclic tautomers; molecular switching; decay-associated spectra; warfarin; excited-state lifetime; cyclodextrins

Online: 21 July 2017 (04:56:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0323.v1

Synthesis and Characterization of Slow-Release Fertilizer Hydrogels Based on Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Glycerol and Blended Paper as Second Layer

Fartisincha Peingurta Andrew, Daniel T Gungula, Semiu A Kareem, Abdullahi M Saddiq, Esther F Adebayo, Idayatu Dare, Vadlya T Tame, Kefas Mavakumba Haruna, Patrick D Onoja, Japari Joseph

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Paper, Wood And Textiles Keywords: Hydrogel; Blended paper; Slow-release fertilizer; Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose; polyvinyl alcohol

Online: 22 October 2021 (09:48:48 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0093.v1

Potential Impact of Diet on Treatment Effect from Anti-TNF Drugs in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Vibeke Andersen, Axel Kornerup Hansen, Berit Lilienthal Heitmann

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: lifestyle factors; chronic inflammatory diseases; treatment result; treatment response; diet; meat intake; dietary pattern; food; mucosa associated bacteria; epithelium-associated bacteria; microbiome; fibre intake; personalized medicine; mucus; sulphate-reducing bacteria; mucin-degrading bacteria; Western style diet; anti-TNF

Online: 15 March 2017 (07:29:13 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0120.v1

Alcoholism: A Multi-Systemic Molecular Insult to Organ Damage

Ucee Dguzeh, Natasha Haddad, Kathia Smith, John Johnson, Angelia Doye, Judith Gwathmey, Georges Haddad

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Alcohol abuse, Alcohol beneficial effects, multi-organ effects of alcohol

Online: 19 February 2018 (14:30:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0607.v1

Characterization of As-Prepared (PMMA-PVA)/CuO-NPs Hybrid Nanocomposite Thin Films

Ahmad Alsaad, Ahmad Ahmad, Abdul Raouf Al Dairy, Issam A. Qattan, Shatha Al Fawares, Qais Al-Bataineh

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: Organic-Inorganic Blends; Poly Methyl-Meth-Acrylate (PMMA); Poly-vinyl-alcohol (PVA); Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs); Optical Characterization; Thermal stability; Surface Morphology.

Online: 29 January 2021 (09:03:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0103.v1

Wearable Enzymatic Alcohol Biosensor

Bob Lansdorp, William Ramsay, Rashad Hamid, Evan Strenk

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: alcohol; biosensor; cartridge; disposable; transdermal; Alcohol Use Disorder

Online: 8 April 2019 (15:07:30 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0027.v1

Insights into the Diagnostic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles and their miRNA Signature from Liquid Biopsy as Early Biomarkers of Diabetic Micro/Macrovascular Complications

Valeria La Marca, Alessandra Fierabracci

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: EVs; endothelial-derived microparticles; platelet-derived microparticles; non-invasive biomarkers; miRNAs signature; diabetes associated complications; micro-macrovascular damage; diabetic nephropathy

Online: 8 September 2017 (09:38:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0068.v1

Human MAP tau based targeted cytolytic fusion proteins

Olusiji Akinrinmade, Sandra Jordaan, Dmitrij Hristodorov, Radoslav Mladenov, Neelakshi Mungra, Shivan Chetty, Stefan Barth

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: human cytolytic fusion proteins; immunotherapy; microtubule associated protein tau (MAP); cancer; inflammatory diseases

Online: 15 June 2017 (12:02:31 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0079.v1

A Simple Way to Reduce the Risk of Cancer of the Oral Cavity, Pharynx, Larynx and Esophagus in Alcohol Users

Emilio Guillén-Mancina, José Manuel Calderón-Montaño, Miguel López-Lázaro

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: alcohol consumption; tobacco smoking; carcinogenesis; addiction; stem cells; stem cell division theory of cancer

Online: 27 July 2017 (12:34:00 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Role of Nucleoid Associated Protein HU in the Intercellular and Extracellular Milieu

Debayan Dey

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs); moonlighting proteins; drug target; biofilm; specificity determination; phylogenetic analysis

Online: 7 June 2020 (09:07:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0163.v1

Shaping Light in Backward-Wave Nonlinear Hyperbolic Metamaterials

Alexander K. Popov, Sergey A. Myslivets, Vitaly V. Slabko, Victor A. Tkachenko, Thomas F. George

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: optical metamaterials; fundamental concepts in photonics; light-matter interactions at the subwavelength and nanoscale; fundamental understanding of linear and nonlinear optical processes in novel metamaterials underpinning photonic devices and components; advancing the frontier of nanophotonics with the associated nanoscience and nanotechnology; nanostructures that can serve as building blocks for nano-optical systems; use of nanotechnology in photonics; nonlinear nanophotonics, plasmonics and excitonics; subwavelength components and negative index materials; slowing, store, and processing light pulses; materials with such capabilities that could be used for optical sensing, tunable optical delay lines, optical buffers, high extinction optical switches, novel image processing hardware, and highly-efficient wavelength converters

Online: 26 February 2018 (11:24:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0003.v1

Potential Antagonistic Effects of Acrylamide Mitigation during Coffee Roasting on Furfuryl Alcohol and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

Dirk W. Lachenmeier, Steffen Schwarz, Jan Teipel, Thomas Kuballa, Stephan Walch, Carmen M. Breitling-Utzmann

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: coffee; acrylamide; furfuryl alcohol; 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; risk assessment

Online: 1 November 2018 (18:35:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0271.v1

Blackcurrant Leaf Chlorosis Associated Virus: Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals an Extraordinary Virus with Multiple Genomic Components Including Evidence of Circular RNA

Delano James, James Phelan, Daniel Sanderson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Idaeovirus; Blackcurrant leaf chlorosis associated virus; next-generation sequencing (NGS); bridge reads; abutting primers; RNase R digestion; circular RNA; concatenated RNA

Online: 30 March 2018 (11:40:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0149.v1

Environmentally Friendly Polyvinyl alcohol−alginate/bentonite Nanocomposite Hydrogel Beads as Efficient Adsorbents for Removal of Toxic Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution

Mona A. Aziz Aljar, Suad Rashdan, Ahmed Abd El-Fattah

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: Alginate; polyvinyl alcohol; bentonite clay; nanocomposites hydrogel; cationic dyes; water remediation.

Online: 8 November 2021 (14:30:34 CET)

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Hazardous chemicals like toxic organic dyes are very harmful to the environment and their removal is quite challenging. Therefore there is a necessity to develop techniques, which are environment friendly, cost-effective and easily available in nature for water purification and re-mediation. The present research work is focused on the development` and characterization of the ecofriendly polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and alginate (Alg) hydrogel beads incorporating natural bentonite (Bent) clay as beneficial adsorbents for removal of toxic methylene blue (MB) from industrial water. PVA−Alg/Bent nanocomposite hydrogel beads with different Bent content (0, 10, 20, and 30 wt%) were synthesized via external ionic gelation method. The designed porous and steady structure beads were characterized by the use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The performance of the beads as MB adsorbents was investigated by treating batch aqueous solutions. The experimental results indicated that the incorporation of Bent (30 w%) in the nanocomposite formulation sustained porous structure, preserved water uptake, and increased MB removal effi-ciency by 230 % compared to empty beads. Designed beads possessed higher aﬃnity to MB at high pH 8, 30 °C, and ﬁtted well to pseudo-second-order kinetic model a high correlation coeﬃcient. Moreover, designed beads had a good stability and reusability as they exhibited excellent removal eﬃciency (90%) after six consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. Adsorption process was found be combination of both monolayer adsorption on homogeneous surface and multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surface. The maximum adsorption capacity of the designed beads system as calculated by Langmuir isotherm was found to be 51.34 mg/g, which is in good agreement with the reported clay-related adsorbents. The designed PVA−Alg/Bent nanocomposite hydrogel beads demonstrated good adsorbent properties and could be potentially used for MB removal from polluted water.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0381.v1

Perceived Stress, Depression and Alcohol Use Disorders in College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Socio-Economic Dimension

Beata Gavurova, Viera Ivankova, Martin Rigelsky

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Alcohol dependence; Depression; Stress; Gender; Income; Differences; Behavioural disorders; Mental disorders; Socio-economic effects; Pandemic; Isolation; COVID-19; Slovak students

Online: 13 November 2020 (13:24:34 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0331.v1

Coronavirus 2019 Infection in People with Associated Co-Morbidities: Case Fatality and ACE2 Inhibitors Treatment Concerns

Maryam Honardoost, Rokhsareh Aghili, Mohammad E. Khamseh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; associated comorbidities; treatment; ACE2 inhibitors; Type 2 diabetes

Online: 19 April 2020 (05:42:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0020.v2

Family Environment Factors in Alcohol and Drug Misuse among Indonesian Students: Indonesia National Narcotics Survey of Students

Nohan Arum Romadlona, Budi Utomo, Purwa Kurnia Sucahya, Monalisa Monalisa

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: Alcohol drinking; Drug misuse; Family environment; Indonesian students.

Online: 3 September 2021 (14:46:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0063.v1

Probing Molecular Insights of Zika Virus-Host Interactions

Ina Lee, Sandra Bos, Ge Li, Shusheng Wang, Gilles Gadea, Philippe Despres, Richard Y. Zhao

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Zika virus; ZIKV-host interactions; viral pathogenesis; cell surface receptors; antiviral responses; viral counteraction; cytopathic effects; microcephaly; ZIKV-associated neurologic disorders

Online: 5 April 2018 (05:34:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0030.v1

Theoretical Determination of Size Effects in Zeolite-Catalyzed Alcohol Dehydration

Larrissa Y. Kunz, Lintao Bu, Brandon C. Knott, Cong Liu, Mark R. Nimlos, Rajeev S. Assary, Larry A. Curtiss, David J. Robichaud, Seonah Kim

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Physical Chemistry Keywords: biomass pyrolysis; alcohol dehydration; zeolite; DFT; ONIOM

Online: 2 August 2019 (10:50:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0029.v2

Incidence and Determinants of Health Care Associated Blood Stream Infection at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Ujjain, India: A Prospective Cohort Study

Mamta Dhaneria, Sachin Jain, Poonam Singh, Aditya Mathur, Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg, Ashish Pathak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: blood stream health care associated infections; neonates; risk factors, antibiotic use, antibiotic resistance; neonatal intensive care unit; India

Online: 30 January 2018 (08:03:04 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0370.v1

The Effects of Alcohol and Drugs of Abuse on Maternal Nutritional Profile During Pregnancy

Giorgia Sebastiani, Cristina Borrás Novell, Miquel Alsina Canovas, Mireia Pascual Tutusaus, Silvia Ferrero Martinez, María Dolores Gómez Roig, Oscar Garcia-Algar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: alcohol; drugs of abuse; pregnancy; maternal nutrition; fetal nutrition; FASD; IUGR

Online: 25 June 2018 (05:57:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0098.v2

Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Addictions among the Homeless Population in the Greater Paris Area, France

Anne Laporte, Stéphanie Vandentorren, Marc-Antoine Détrez, Caroline Douay, Yann Le Strat, Erwan Le Mener, Pierre Chauvin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: homeless; mental health; epidemiology; psychotic disorders; anxiety; mood disorders; alcohol

Online: 16 January 2018 (13:12:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0178.v1

Attitudes and Recommendations of Physicians towards Alcohol Consumption and Cardiovascular Health: A Perspective from Argentina

Ricardo Lopez Santi, Sohaib Haseeb, Bryce Alexander, Adrian D’Ovidio, Sergio Gimenez, Carlos Secotaro, Diego Martinez Demaria, Luis Maria Pupi, Sonia Costantini, Daniel Piskorz, Alejandro Amarilla, Alberto Lorenzatti, Narcisa Gutierrez, Wilma Hopman, Adrian Baranchuk

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: alcohol drinking; health knowledge; physician attitudes; standard drink; wine

Online: 9 August 2018 (08:07:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0060.v1

Relationship between Wine Consumption and Alzheimer's Disease

Marcella Reale, Chiara D'Angelo, Erica Costantini, Srinivas Jagarlapoodi, Haroon Khan, Tarun Belwal, Angelo Cichelli

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Behavioral Sciences Keywords: alcohol consumption; Alzheimer's disease; light to moderate wine consumption; neurodegeneration

Online: 6 November 2019 (10:54:00 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0036.v1

Molecular Aspects of Varicella-Zoster Virus Latency

Daniel P. Depledge, Tomohiko Sadaoka, Werner J. D. Ouwendijk

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: varicella-zoster virus; latency; reactivation; sensory ganglia; VZV latency-associated transcript; open reading frame 63; RNA-sequencing; epigenetics; immunity

Online: 4 June 2018 (11:49:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0521.v1

Unfolded Protein Response-Dependent Communication and Contact among Endoplasmic Reticulum, Mitochondria and Plasma Membrane.

Atsushi Saito, Kazunori Imaizumi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Unfolded protein response; ER morphology; Mitochondria-associated ER membrane; ER-PM contact sites

Online: 26 September 2018 (15:44:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0270.v1

The FA Polymerization Disruption by Protic Polar Solvent

Guillaume Falco, Nathanael Guigo, Luc Vincent, Nicolas Sbirrazzuoli

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: Renewable resources; Lignocellulosic Biomass; Polymerization; Reaction mechanisms; Furfuryl alcohol

Online: 20 April 2018 (14:19:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0435.v1

Lifestyle Habits and Mental Health in Light of the Two COVID-19 Pandemic Waves in Sweden, 2020

Victoria Blom, Amanda Lonn, Björn Ekblom, Lena.V. Kallings, Daniel Väisänen, Erik Hemmingsson, Gunnar Andersson, Peter Wallin, Andreas Stenling, Örjan Ekblom, Magnus Lindwall, Jane Salier Eriksson, Tobias Holmlund, Elin Ekblom-Bak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Physical activity; Sitting; Alcohol; Diet; Smoking; SARS-CoV-2; Sweden; Mental health; Health anxiety; Depression

Online: 19 February 2021 (10:07:47 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0186.v1

Roles of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) Carrying HSPs in Cancer Biomarkers, Immune Surveillance, and Immune Evasion

Eman Taha, Kisho Ono, Takanori Eguchi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: heat shock protein (HSP); extracellular vesicle (EV); exosome; oncosome; immune evasion; resistance-associated secretory phenotype (RASP); EMT; hypoxia; biomarker; liquid biopsy

Online: 17 August 2019 (16:15:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0521.v1

The Role of Golgi Morphology in Post-Alcohol Recovery of Hepatocytes: Observations in Cellular and Animal Models

Carol A. Casey, Paul Thomes, Sonia Manca, Armen Petrosyan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: alcohol-induced Golgi disorganization; Golgi recovery; giantin; hepatic proteins; ethanol withdrawal

Online: 23 October 2018 (06:10:04 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0327.v1

Imaging Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) with FAPi PET

Laura Gilardi, Lighea Simona Airò Farulla, Emre Demirci, Ilaria Clerici, Emanuela Omodeo Salé, Francesco Ceci

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: cancer-associated-fibroblast; fibroblast activation protein; FAPi; Positron emission tomography; FAPi PET; theranostics

Online: 21 January 2022 (13:31:31 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0337.v1

Biochemical Mechanisms Associating Alcohol Use Disorders with Cancers.

Francisco D. Rodriguez, Rafael Coveñas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: alcohol use disorders (AUD); cancer, ethanol oxidative and nonoxidative metabolism, acetaldehyde, reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA adducts, protein damage, cancer stem cells (CSC), epigenetic changes.

Online: 14 June 2021 (09:03:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0281.v1

The Role of Apoptotic Signaling in Axon Guidance

Riley Kellermeyer, Leah M. Heydman, Grant S. Mastick, Thomas Kidd

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: axon guidance; growth cone; cytoskeleton; caspases; apoptosis; signal integration; basal level of caspase activity; death associated inhibitor of apoptosis; axon branching; Netrin; DCC; frazzled; slit; robo; Drosophila

Online: 16 September 2018 (09:43:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0479.v1

Suboptimal Health Status of High School Students in Guangzhou, Shanxi, and Tibet, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Gehendra Mahara, Jiazhi Liang, Zhirong Zhang, Qi Ge, Jinxin Zhang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: suboptimal health status; associated factors; high school students; Shanxi; Guangzhou; Tibet; China

Online: 20 September 2020 (14:50:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0394.v1

SPME Method Optimized by Box-Behnken Design for Impact Odorants in Reduced Alcohol Wines

Bithika Saha, Rocco Longo, Peter Torley, Anthony Saliba, Leigh Schmidtke

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: reduced-alcohol wine; solid-phase microextraction; gas chromatography; chemometrics

Online: 21 July 2018 (12:47:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0386.v1

Exosome Release of Drugs: Coupling with Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Takanori Eguchi, Kisho Ono, Stuart Calderwood, Kuniaki Okamoto

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: resistance-associated secretory phenotype (RASP); extracellular vesicle (EV); exosome; oncosome; drug resistance; epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); heat shock protein (HSP); cell stress response; hypoxia; acidosis; tumor immunology

Online: 29 December 2019 (13:46:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0016.v1

TiO₂-KH550 Nanoparticle Reinforced PVA/Xylan Composite Films with Multifunctional Properties

Xinxin Liu, Xiaofeng Chen, Junli Ren, Chunhui Zhang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Poly vinyl alcohol/xylan composite films; TiO2-KH550 nanoparticle; mechanical property; UV shielding

Online: 1 August 2018 (10:57:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0256.v1

Use of Alcohol and Addictive Drugs During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Associations with Mental Health and Pandemic-Related Problems

Tore Bonsaksen, Øivind Ekeberg, Inger Schou-Bredal, Laila Skogstad, Trond Heir, Tine K. Grimholt

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: alcohol; coronavirus; COVID-19; drugs; pandemic; population survey; substance use

Online: 10 December 2020 (12:51:24 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0211.v2

HIV-1: Tackling the Obstacles that Limit the Effectiveness of CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing of the T Cell Co-receptor CCR5

Tatiana Hillman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: HIV-1; CRISPR-Cas9; T-cells; lipid nanoparticles; gut-associated-lymphoid tissue; Co-receptors; Probiotics; GI Tract,; Gene Editing

Online: 13 April 2020 (10:57:52 CEST)

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HIV-1 is a complicated and perplexing virus. It infects T cells, reverse transcribes its RNA into DNA, utilizes its host DNA machinery to replicate its HIV-DNA, translates the HIV-DNA into proteins, assembles itself for a budding escape from the T cell, and rapidly mutates its conformation. Partially, due to its complexity, there remains no cure for HIV or AIDs. However, recently with the discovery of TALENs, the use of zinc fingers, and most of all the applications of CRISPR-Cas9 technology, has given researchers new hope in finding alternative gene therapies and treatments for diseases. With more focus on CRISPR-Cas9, this new and novel technology uses a guiding RNA, sgRNA, to lead a Cas9 nuclease to its target for deletion or to change that DNA site. CRISPR-Cas9 can delete point mutations and multiple DNA sites. Because CRISPR can alter DNA sequences, several scientists have conducted research into CRISPR, possibly treating more diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and even HIV. HIV-1 drew the focus of a researcher named Dr. Ebina in 2013 when he was the first to design and apply CRISPR-Cas9 to genes found in the binding sites of HIV-1, inhibiting HIV-1 gene expression. Since 2013, several other researchers have blocked HIV replication and infection through CRISPR-Cas9 targeting the receptors of T cells called the CC chemokine receptor 5 or CCR5. HIV-1 binds to the CD4 receptor of T cells, which consists of co-receptors CCR5 and CXCR4. If CCR5 expression can be removed, the HIV virus cannot bind to T-cells, blocking the initial attachment stage, and discontinuing the infection. However, there remain obstacles and issues for the CRISPR deletion of CCR5 for treating HIV-1. The issues include: 1) finding new and safe methods of CRISPR-Cas9 delivery, 2) clearing the latent HIV reservoirs, 3) improving the sgRNA design to avoid off-target mutations or deletions, and 4) effectively analyze the viral escape of HIV from CRISPR-Cas9 modifications. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to discuss possible techniques for removing the obstacles that can lessen the potential of CRISPR to delete CCR5, repressing HIV-1 into long-term remission or a functional cure.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0107.v1

Effects of Alcohol Hangover on Cognitive Performance: Findings from a Field/Internet Mixed Methodology Study

Andrew Scholey, Sarah Benson, Jordy Kaufman, Chantal Terpstra, Elizabeth Ayre, Joris Verster, Corey Allen, Grant Devilly

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: hangover; alcohol; internet; attention; executive function; working memory

Online: 12 February 2019 (17:24:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0258.v1

Deep Convolutional Neural Network Applied on Copper Surface Coatings Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol and Silver Nanoparticles

Adriana Samide, Ruxandra Stoean, Cătălin Stoean, Bogdan Tutunaru, Roxana Grecu

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: copper; polymer coatings; polyvinyl alcohol; silver nanoparticles; deep learning; CNN

Online: 21 December 2018 (07:51:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0547.v1

Alcoholism as a Risk Factor for COVID-19: Boosting Inflammatory Response

Muhammad Akram, Mehwish Iqbal, Marcos Altable, Juan Moises de la Serna

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Alcohol; cytokine; proinflammatory; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 22 March 2021 (15:45:51 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0209.v1

The Immunosuppressive Microenvironment of Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma and Therapeutic Approaches to Counter It

Donatella Aldinucci, Cinzia Borghese, Naike Casagrande

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Hodgkin lymphoma; tumor microenvironment; immune escape; tumor-associated macrophages

Online: 18 April 2019 (08:14:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0089.v1

Impact of Access to Medicines on Public Health. Problems Associated With Access, Use, and Abuse of Antibiotics

Antonio G. Pisabarro, Denisse P. Rivera de la Torre

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: access to medicines; access to antibuotics; impact of access to medicines on public health; problems associated with access; use; abuse of antibiotics resistance; aware; Africa

Online: 5 May 2020 (17:03:07 CEST)

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Access to medicines is one of the essential problems in Public Health of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The World Health Organization (WHO) defines access to medicines as the possibility of "having continuously accessible and affordable medicines in public or private health facilities that are within a kilometer of the place of residence." Access to medicines, as defined by the WHO, is not fully guaranteed in many LMICs and even in many regions of high-resource countries. The WHO identifies several factors as determinants of limitations in the access to medicines: rational selection, affordable prices, sustainable financing, and reliable health services. The action on these factors makes it possible to improve universal access to medicines with consequent improvement in Public Health. Adequate access to antibiotics and vaccination will avoid a large part of the deaths caused by infectious diseases in the LMICs. However, the emergence of resistance and the difficulties in vaccination campaigns due to socio-political or cultural problems make it challenging to fight many easily treatable infectious diseases. The use and abuse of antibiotics are inevitably associated with the appearance of resistances that make them ineffective. Thus, whereas limited access to antibiotics raises mortality rates from infectious diseases, generalized open access to them ends up eliminating their clinical value. Moreover, the contraction of research in this field for many years has reduced the success in discovering new drugs. Additionally, local market regulations, inadequate selection, inaccessible prices, especially for those of second and third-generation, inefficient health systems, and difficulties of administration and control of prescription compliance, especially in the case of combined therapies, are additional obstacles to universal access to antibiotics. In order to simultaneously improve access to antibiotics and keep resistances under control, it is necessary to develop training and education activities at different social levels (from patients to various Health Care Providers) to complement the national or supranational strategic plans.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0464.v1

Prognosis of COVID-19 in Patients with Liver and Kidney Diseases: An Early Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tope Oyelade, Jaber Alqahtani, Gabriele Canciani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-19; Hepatitis B and C; Cirrhosis; Chronic Kidney Disease; Alcohol-related Liver Disease; Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis; Necrosis

Online: 25 April 2020 (16:46:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0023.v1

Unfolded Protein Response-Dependent Communication and Contact among Endoplasmic Reticulum, Mitochondria and Plasma Membrane.

Atsushi Saito, Kazunori Imaizumi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Unfolded protein response; ER morphology; Mitochondria-associated ER membrane; ER-PM contact sites

Online: 2 October 2018 (13:41:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0248.v1

Early Critical Phase Transitions of Pericentromere-Associated Domains in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Committed to Differentiation by Heregulin

Jekabs Krigerts, Kristine Salmina, Talivaldis Freivalds, Felikss Rumnieks, Inna Inashkina, Pawel Zayakin, Michael Hausmann, Jekaterina Erenpreisa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: cancer; differentiation commitment; acridine-orange-DNA test; pericentromere-associated domains (PADs); power law of PAD number vs. size; critical self-organisation; unravelling of PADs; silencing threshold

Online: 15 May 2020 (08:01:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0374.v1

Preclinical Evidence of STAT3 Inhibitor, Pacritinib, Overcomes Temozolomide Resistance via Down-Regulating miR-21-enriched Exosomes from M2 Glioblastoma-Associated Macrophages

Hao-Yu Chuang, Yu-kai Su, Heng-Wei Liu, Chao-Hsuan Chen, Shao-Chih Chiu, Der-Yang Cho, Shinn-Zong Lin, Yueh-Sheng Chen, Chien-Min Lin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Keywords: Tumor microenvironment (TME), glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), GBM- associated macrophages (GAMs), exosomes, oncomiR-21, STAT3 inhibitor.

Online: 31 May 2019 (08:18:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0573.v1

Epidemiological and Microbiological Aspects of Health Care-associated Infections in Ukraine During the 2009–2019 Period

Yulian Konechnyi, Marta Panas, Iryna Tymchuk, Roksolana Konechna, Olena Borysiuk, Iryna Hubytska, Lesya Zhurakhivska, Olena Korniychuk

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: healthcare-associated infections; HCAIs; hospital acquired infections; nosocomial infections; statistical analysis

Online: 24 September 2020 (08:19:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0040.v1

Herpesviruses and the Unfolded Protein Response

Benjamin P. Johnston, Craig McCormick

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: unfolded protein response (UPR); integrated stress response (ISR); ATF6; IRE1; XBP1; PERK; ATF4; GADD34; herpesvirus; Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV); cytomegalovirus (CMV); herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Online: 4 December 2019 (04:38:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0258.v2

Vive la Difference! Effects of Natural and Conventional Wines on the Blood Alcohol Concentrations: A Randomized, Triple-Blind Controlled Study

Federico Francesco Ferrero, Maurizio Fadda, Luca De Carli, Marco Barbetta, Rajandrea Sethi, Andrea Pezzana

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: alcohol; natural wine; blood alcohol content; breathalyzer; pesticides

Online: 4 April 2019 (11:23:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0320.v2

Phylogenetic and Expression Analysis of CENH3 and APOLLO Genes in Sexual and Apomictic Boechera Species

Evgeny Bakin, Fatih Sezer, Aslıhan Özbilen, Irem Kilic, Buket Uner, Mike Rayko, Kemal Melih Taskin, Vladimir Brukhin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Boechera; Brassicaceae; CENH3; APOLLO; apomixis associated genes; cell division; apomeiosis

Online: 20 December 2021 (10:40:57 CET)

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Apomictic plants (reproducing via asexual seeds), unlike sexual individuals, avoid meiosis and egg cell fertilization. Consequently, apomixis is very important for fixing maternal genotypes in the next plant generations. Despite the progress in the study of apomixis, molecular and genetic regulation of the latter remains poorly understood. So far APOLLO (Aspartate Glutamate Aspartate Aspartate histidine exonuclease) is one of the very few described genes associated with apomixis in Boechera species. The centromere-specific histone H3 variant encoded by CENH3 gene is essential for cell division. Mutations in CENH3 disrupt chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis since the attachment of spindle microtubules to a mutated form of the CENH3 histone fails. This paper presents in silico characteristic of APOLLO and CENH3 genes, which may affect apomixis. Also, we characterize the structure of CENH3, study expression levels of APOLLO and CENH3 in gynoecium/siliques of the natural diploid apomictic and sexual Boechera species at the stages of before and after fertilization. While CENH3 was a single copy gene in all Boechera species, the APOLLO gene have several polymorphic alleles associated with sexual and apomictic reproduction in the Boechera genera. Expression of the APOLLO apo-allele during meiosis was upregulated in gynoecium of apomict B. divaricarpa downregulating after meiosis until 4th day after pollination (DAP). On the 5th DAP, expression in apomictic siliques increased again. In sexual B. stricta gynoecium and siliques APOLLO apo-allele did not express. Expression of the APOLLO sex-allele during and after meiosis in gynoecium of sexual plants was several times higher than that in apomictic gynoecium. However, after pollination the sex-allele was downregulated in sexual siliques to the level of apomicts and increased sharply on the 5th DAP, while in apomictic siliques it almost did not express. At the meiotic stage, the expression level of CENH3 in the gynoecium of apomicts was two times lower than that of the sexual Boechera, decreasing in both species after meiosis and keep remaining very low in siliques of both species for several days after artificial pollination until the 4th DAP, when the expression level raised in sexual B. stricta siliques exceeding 5 times the level in apomictic B. divaricarpa siliques. We also discuss polymorphism and phylogeny of the APOLLO and CENH3 genes.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0017.v1

Profiles of Violence and Use of Alcohol and Tobacco in Relation to the Impulsivity: Sustainable Consumption in Adolescents

María del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes, María del Mar Molero Jurado, Ana Belén Barragán Martín, José Jesús Gázquez Linares

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: tobacco; alcohol; physical aggression; verbal aggression; impulsivity

Online: 3 January 2019 (12:27:20 CET)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1883.v1

Semaglutide: A Promising Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder

Chelsi Patton, Amanda E Brooks, Benjamin D Brooks, Karma McKelvey

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Semaglutide; addiction; alcohol use

Online: 30 October 2023 (09:29:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0081.v1

The Zebrafish Xenograft Platform – A Novel Tool for Modeling KSHV-Associated Diseases

Eric S. Pringle, Jaime Wertman, Nicole Melong, Andrew J. Coombs, Andrew L. Young, David O'Leary, Chansey Veinotte, Carolyn-Ann Robinson, Michael N. Ha, Graham Dellaire, Todd Druley, Craig McCormick, Jason N. Berman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV); human herpesvirus-8; zebrafish; ddPCR; xenotransplantation; primary effusion lymphoma (PEL); hypoxia

Online: 8 November 2019 (03:23:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0079.v1

Nightmares in Children with FASD, ASD and Their Typically Developing Peers

Rabya Mughal, Siu Sing Wong, Dagmara Dimitriou, Elizabeth Halstead

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: autism; sleep; fetal alcohol spectrum disorders; nightmares; anxiety; executive function; behaviour

Online: 3 August 2021 (13:07:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0445.v1

Oral Tumour Cell Migration and the Effect of the Local Soluble Factors from the Microenvironment on Signalling Pathways. Is It All about the Akt?

Hanan Ahmed, Arpa Ghoshal, Sarah Jones, Ian Ellis, Mohammad Islam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: oral cancer; cancer-associated fibroblasts; metastasis; cell migration; cell invasion; Akt; EGFR

Online: 27 May 2020 (08:25:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0016.v1

Is a Meal without Wine Good for the Health?

Jean-Pierre Rifler

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: wine; mediterranean diet; okinawa diet; health; nrf2; alcohol; polyphenols; hormesis; cardiovascular protection; cancer; Alzheimer; metabolic disease

Online: 2 November 2018 (05:08:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0125.v1

Preparation and Characterization of a Bioartificial Polymeric System (Scaffold) Made of Chitosan and Polyvinyl Alcohol with Potential in the Viability of Bones Cells

Sebastian Ramirez Tarazona, Juan Ochoa Melo, Julian Ángel García, Andres Bernal Ballén, Hugo R. Segura Puello, Andrea Villamil Ballesteros, Diana Nieto Mosquera, Diana Muñoz Forero

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: biomaterials; cell control; chitosan; polyvinyl alcohol; scaffold; tissue engineering

Online: 7 December 2020 (07:30:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0013.v1

Parental Presence, Deviant Behaviours and Alcohol/Drugs Use in Adolescents: The Results of the International Self-Report Delinquency Study 3

Barbara Gualco, Fabio Vaiano, Silvia Raddi, Silvia Taliento, Regina Rensi

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: parental presence; alcohol and drug consumption; deviant behaviours; adolescents

Online: 1 August 2022 (08:52:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0261.v1

A Lightweight In-Vehicle Alcohol Detection using Smart Sensing and Supervised Learning

Qasem Abu Al-Haija, Moez Krichen

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Alcohol Detection; Smart Sensing; MQ-3 Alcohol Sensors; Supervised Learning; Neural Networks.

Online: 18 July 2022 (10:16:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0152.v1

Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infection in Intensive Care Unit Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Saleem Mohd, Azharuddin Sajid Syed Khaja, Ashfaque Hossain, Fahaad Alenazi, Kamaleldin B. Said, Soha Abdallah Moursi, Homoud Abdulmohsin Almalaq, Hamza Mohamed, Ehab Rakha, Sunit Kumar Mishra

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI); Klebsiella pneumoniae; Hospital-acquired infections; Proteus mirabilis; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; antibiogram

Online: 10 June 2022 (07:53:43 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Microbiota-Immune Interactions in Ulcerative Colitis and Colitis-Associated Cancer, and Emerging Microbiota-Based Therapies

Jelena Popov, Valentina Caputi, Nandini Nandeesha, David Avelar Rodriguez, Nikhil Pai

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: ulcerative colitis; inflammatory bowel disease; pediatrics; FMT; probiotics; synbiotics; antibiotics; prebiotics; fecal microbiota transplant; colitis-associated cancer; colorectal cancer; CAC; CRC; dysbiosis

Online: 20 September 2021 (14:20:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0178.v1

A Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals New Genes in a Molecular Network Associated With Alcohol Dependence and Related Clinical Measures

Anastasia Levchenko, Sergey Malov, Alexey Antonik, Anastasia Protsvetkina, Kseniya V. Rybakova, Alexander Kanapin, Alexey N. Yakovlev, Anna Y. Nenasteva, Anton E. Nikolishin, Nikolay Cherkasov, Natalia A. Chuprova, Anna S. Blagonravova, Angelica V. Sergeeva, Tatyana V. Zhilyaeva, Maria K. Denisenko, Raul R. Gainetdinov, Alexander O. Kibitov, And Evgeny M. Krupitsky

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: alcohol dependence; comorbidity; gene network; genome-wide association study; sex differences

Online: 9 August 2022 (10:35:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0441.v1

Reaction Time and Visual Memory in Connection to Alcohol Use in Persons with Bipolar Disorder

Atiqul Haq Mazumder, Jennifer Barnett, Erkki Tapio Isometsä, Nina Lindberg, Minna Torniainen-Holm, Markku Lähteenvuo, Kaisla Lahdensuo, Martta Kerkelä, Ari Ahola-Olli, Jarmo Hietala, Olli Kampman, Tuula Kieseppä, Tuomas Jukuri, Katja Häkkinen, Erik Cederlöf, Willehard Haaki, Risto Kajanne, Asko Wegelius, Teemu Männynsalo, Jussi Niemi-Pynttäri, Kimmo Suokas, Jouko Lönnqvist, Jari Tiihonen, Tiina Paunio, Seppo Juhani Vainio, Aarno Palotie, Solja Niemelä, Jaana Suvisaari, Juha Veijola

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: cognition; visual memory; reaction time; alcohol; Bipolar disorder

Online: 16 June 2021 (11:37:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0484.v1

Metformin Sensitizes Leukemic Cells to Cytotoxic Lymphocytes by Increasing Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1)

Nerea Allende-Vega, Joaquin Marco Brualla, Paolo Falvo, Catherine Alexia, Michael Constantinides, Alexis Fayd-Herbe-de-Maudave, lois coenon, delphine gitenay, Giulia Mitola, paul massa, stefania orecchioni, Francesco Bertolini, Isabel Marzo, Alberto Anel, Martin Villalba

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: metformin; Natural Killer cells; Cytotoxic T lymphocytes; intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1); Natural Killer G2-D (NKG2D) ligands (NKG2DL); lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1)

Online: 21 July 2021 (10:54:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0464.v1

Macrophage-Derived Small Exosomes: Efficient Transmission and Cytotoxicity to Cancer Cells

Yanyin Lu, Takanori Eguchi, Chiharu Sogawa, Eman A. Taha, Manh Tien Tran, Toshiki Nara, Penggong Wei, Shiro Fukuoka, Takuya Miyawaki, Kuniaki Okamoto

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: tumor-associated macrophage; exosomes; extracellular vesicles; heat shock proteins; oral cancer; fluorescent labeling of exosomes

Online: 19 April 2021 (11:50:52 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0143.v1

Prospect of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants as a Hepatoprotective and Anti-Alcoholic Liver Disease Agent

Abugri James, Michael Adu-Frimpong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: antioxidants; alcohol metabolism; hepatoprotective; anti-ALD; mitochondrial dysfunction; mitochondria-targeted; oxidative stress; and cytochrome P450 2E1

Online: 4 March 2021 (09:13:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0400.v1

Behavioral Changes During COVID-19 Confinement in France: A Web-Based Study

Hélène Rossinot, Romain Fantin, Julien Venne

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; behavioral change; public health; Sars-CoV-2; alcohol consumption

Online: 19 October 2020 (16:09:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0390.v1

Validation of a Quantitative Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Screening Method for Coffee Quality and Authenticity (NMR Coffee Screener)

Alex O. Okaru, Andreas Scharinger, Tabata Rajcic de Rezende, Jan Teipel, Thomas Kuballa, Stephan G. Walch, Dirk W. Lachenmeier

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: caffeine; 16-O-methylcafestol; kahweol; furfuryl alcohol; tetramethylsilan (TMS); magnetic resonance spectroscopy; validation studies

Online: 30 November 2019 (10:20:17 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0322.v1

Ethnic Differences in Home Related Maternal Stress: Muslim and Jewish Mothers

Diana Saadi, Emanuel Tirosh, Keren Agay-Shay, Izhak Schnell

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Parentalstress; Maternal stress; Heart rate variability as an index of parental stress; Socio-economic; demographic; environmental and gender factors associated with maternal stress

Online: 28 October 2019 (12:06:26 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0312.v1

Decoding the Roles of Astrocytes and Hedgehog Signaling in Medulloblastoma

Terence Teixeira Duarte, Silvia Teixeira, Luis Gonzalez-Reyes, Rui Manuel Reis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: medulloblastoma; tumor progression; tumor microenvironment; tumor-associated astrocytes; hedgehog signaling; tumor-astrocytes cross talk

Online: 11 June 2021 (10:23:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0521.v1

Decoding Emotion in Drug Abusers: Evidence for Face and Body Emotion Recognition and for Disgust Emotion

Natale Salvatore Bonfiglio, Roberta Renati, Gabriella Bottini

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: emotional processing; disgust; cocaine dependence; alcohol dependence; face; body

Online: 31 December 2021 (12:58:19 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0203.v1

Mechanisms and Regulation of Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay and Nonsense-Associated Altered Splicing in Lymphoid Cells

Jean-Marie Lambert, Mohamad Omar Ashi, Nivine Srour, Laurent Delpy, Jérôme Saulière

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: immunoglobulin (Ig); nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD); nonsense-associated altered splicing (NAS); B lymphocytes; plasma cells

Online: 18 January 2020 (10:21:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0382.v1

Health Inequality as the Consequence of Drinking and Smoking in Case of the Czech Republic

Beata Gavurova, Miriama Tarhanicova, Adam Kulhanek, Roman Gabrhelik

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: alcohol, tobacco, mortality, mortality as health indicator, health inequality

Online: 13 November 2020 (13:35:27 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0340.v1

Unlocking the Molecular and Biochemical Machinery of Insect Herbivore Resistance: the Key is a Perception of Herbivore-Associated Elicitors

Saiful Malook, Saiqa Maqbool, Muhammad Hafeez, Samantha Chandranath Karunarathna, Nakarin Suwannarach

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: herbivore-associated elicitors; plant defense; secondary metabolites; signaling metabolites; pattern recognition receptors

Online: 25 May 2022 (03:53:53 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Behavioral, Emotional and Social Apathy in Alcohol-Related Cognitive Disorders

Maud E.G. van Dorst, Yvonne C.M. Rensen, Masud Husain, Roy P.C. Kessels

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: apathy; neuropsychology; Korsakoff’s syndrome; alcohol use disorder; alcohol-related cognitive disorders

Online: 8 April 2021 (10:12:13 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0774.v1

Wuhan's Experience in Fighting COVID-19: Achieving Zero Case of COVID-19 Infection among Healthcare Workers

Anhua Wu, liuyi li, Caixia Tan, Xiujun Meng, Xudong Ma, Chunhui Li

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: COVID-19; infection control; healthcare-associated infections; healthcare workers; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 29 April 2021 (11:35:40 CEST)

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