Reaction Time and Visual Memory in Connection to Alcohol Use in Persons with Bipolar Disorder

Mazumder, A.H.; Barnett, J.; Isometsä, E.T.; Lindberg, N.; Torniainen-Holm, M.; Lähteenvuo, M.; Lahdensuo, K.; Kerkelä, M.; Ahola-Olli, A.; Hietala, J.; Kampman, O.; Kieseppä, T.; Jukuri, T.; Häkkinen, K.; Cederlöf, E.; Haaki, W.; Kajanne, R.; Wegelius, A.; Männynsalo, T.; Niemi-Pynttäri, J.; Suokas, K.; Lönnqvist, J.; Tiihonen, J.; Paunio, T.; Vainio, S.J.; Palotie, A.; Niemelä, S.; Suvisaari, J.; Veijola, J. Reaction Time and Visual Memory in Connection to Alcohol Use in Persons with Bipolar Disorder. Brain Sci. 2021, 11, 1154. Mazumder, A.H.; Barnett, J.; Isometsä, E.T.; Lindberg, N.; Torniainen-Holm, M.; Lähteenvuo, M.; Lahdensuo, K.; Kerkelä, M.; Ahola-Olli, A.; Hietala, J.; Kampman, O.; Kieseppä, T.; Jukuri, T.; Häkkinen, K.; Cederlöf, E.; Haaki, W.; Kajanne, R.; Wegelius, A.; Männynsalo, T.; Niemi-Pynttäri, J.; Suokas, K.; Lönnqvist, J.; Tiihonen, J.; Paunio, T.; Vainio, S.J.; Palotie, A.; Niemelä, S.; Suvisaari, J.; Veijola, J. Reaction Time and Visual Memory in Connection to Alcohol Use in Persons with Bipolar Disorder. Brain Sci. 2021, 11, 1154.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the association of cognition with hazardous drinking and alcohol related disorder in persons with bipolar disorder (BD). The study population included 1,268 persons from Finland with bipolar disorder. Alcohol use was assessed through hazardous drinking and alcohol related disorder including alcohol use disorder (AUD). Hazardous drinking was screened with the AUDIT-C (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test for Consumption) screening tool. Alcohol related disorder diagnoses were obtained from the national registrar data. Participants performed two computerized tasks from the Cambridge automated neuropsychological test battery (CANTAB) on tablet computer: the 5-choice serial reaction time task, or, reaction time (RT) test and the Paired Associative Learning (PAL) test. Association between RT-test and alcohol use was analyzed with log-linear regression, and eβ with 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported. PAL first trial memory score was analyzed with linear regression, and β with 95% CI are reported. PAL total errors adjusted was analyzed with logistic regression and odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI are reported. After adjustment for age, education and housing status, hazardous drinking was associated with lower median and less variable RT in females while AUD was associated with a poorer PAL test performance in terms of the total errors adjusted scores in females. Our findings of positive associations between alcohol use and cognition in persons with bipolar disorder are unique.

Keywords

cognition; visual memory; reaction time; alcohol; Bipolar disorder

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Immunology and Allergy

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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