Search | Preprints.org

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0066.v1

Comparison of Antioxidant Properties of Dehydrolutein with Lutein and Zeaxanthin, and their Effects on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Malgorzata Rozanowska, Barbara Czuba-Pelech, John T. Landrum, Bartosz Rozanowski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: carotenoid; lutein; zexanthin; dehydrolutein; retina; retinal pigment epithelium; singlet oxygen; photosensitized oxidation; age-related macular degeneration.

Online: 2 April 2021 (14:04:44 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0501.v1

Age-dependent Non-silent Somatic Mutation with Transcriptomic Landscape and Prognosis of Lower Grade Glioma

YoungJoon Park, JeongMan Park, Ju Won Ahn, JeongMin Sim, Su Jung Kang, Suwan Kim, Sojung Hwang, Kyoung Su Sung, Jaejoon Lim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: age; glioma; mutation; TCGA; transcriptomic analysis

Online: 23 February 2021 (08:16:52 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0374.v1

Fetal Growth Acceleration – Current Approach to the Big Baby Issue

Jan Modzelewski, Anna Kajdy, Katarzyna Muzyka-Placzyńska, Dorota Sys, Michał Rabijewski

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Diabetes; Gestational; Diagnostic Techniques; Obstetrical and Gynecological; Fetal growth acceleration; Fetal Macrosomia; Large-for-gestational-age; Obstetrics; Pregnancy Complications; Stillbirth

Online: 19 January 2021 (11:42:09 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1115.v1

A Paradigm Shift in the Entertainment Industry in the Digital Age: A Critical Review

Dr. Bharat Dhiman

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Film, Radio And Television Keywords: media; digital media; entertainment; paradigm shift; digital age

Online: 15 June 2023 (09:40:35 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0743.v1

Factors Associated with Success of Switching to Faricimab for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Refractory to Intravitreal Aflibercept

Akira Machida, Akio Oishi, Junichiro Ikeda, Junko Kurihara, Ai Yoneda, Eiko Tsuiki, Yuki Hirata, Ryuya Murakami, Takashi Kitaoka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD); Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment; Drug switch; Intravitreal aflibercept (IVA); Intravitreal faricimab (IVF); Macular neovascularization (MNV); Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV); Real-world date; Refractory cases; Treat-and-extend (TAE) regimen

Online: 9 January 2024 (15:53:57 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0192.v1

Inequalities in Temporal Effects on Cervical Cancer Mortality in States in Different Geographic Regions of Brazil: An Ecological Study

Karina Cardoso Meira, Carinne Magnago, Angelo Braga Mendonça, Stephane Fernanda Soares Duarte, Pedro Henrique Oliveira de Freitas, Juliano dos Santos, Dyego Leando Bezerra de Souza, Taynãna César Simões

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: uterine cervical neoplasms; mortality; age-period-cohort analysis; forecasting; Brazil

Online: 16 February 2022 (05:03:16 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0019.v1

Glacier Recession in Altay Mountains after the LIA Maximum

Dmitry Ganyushkin, Kirill Chistyakov, Ekaterina Derkach, Dmitriy Bantcev, Elena Kunaeva, Anton Terekhov, Valeriia Rasputina

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: glaciers; Little Ice Age; reconstruction; retreat; Altai

Online: 4 January 2022 (20:30:31 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0644.v1

Novel Method to Analytically Obtain the Asymptotic Stable Equilibria States of Extended SIR-type Epidemiological Models

Teddy Lazebnik, Svetlana Bunimovich-Mendrazitsky, Leonid Shaikhet

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: Markov chain; random variable transformation technique; asymptotic stable equilibria state; three age group SIIRD model

Online: 26 May 2021 (14:29:42 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0244.v1

Chronic Mild Stress Modified Epigenetic Mechanisms Leading to Accelerated Senescence and Impaired Cognitive Performance in Mice

Dolors Puigoriol-Illamola, Mirna Martínez-Damas, Christian Griñán-Ferré, Mercè Pallàs

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Stress; epigenetics; senescence; cognition; age-related cognitive decline; Alzheimer’s disease; SAMP8; SAMR1; oxidative stress; inflammation; autophagy

Online: 21 January 2020 (11:44:35 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0081.v2

Measuring Independent and Controlled Effects of Age at Marriage and Age at First Birth on Completed Family Size among women aged 45-59 in Zambia

Nkuye Moyo, Tina Nanyangwe-Moyo, Xiaochun Qiao, Jilei Wu, Xiaoying Zheng

Subject: Social Sciences, Demography Keywords: age at first marriage; age at first birth; completed family size; fertility

Online: 13 October 2020 (14:17:28 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Background The link between age at marriage and first birth in explaining completed family size is not always direct, due to heterogeneity in circumstances, that compel individual women to marry or initiate childbearing at a particular age. We analyzed data for 1020 women aged 45-49 in 2014 of the 1965-1969 birth cohort from the 2013-14 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS). Methods We fitted a bivariate and multivariate multinomial logistic regression to establish the relationship between a mother’s age at first marriage and at first birth on completed family size (CFS). Chi-square test of proportions measuring differences in proportions and relative risk ratios (RRR) with confidence intervals at 95% are reported. Results Our results show that the average CFS was 6.7 (95% CI: 6.5 – 6.9) among women completing their reproductive span in 2014 with mean age at first marriage and birth being 18.3 years (95% CI: 18.0 – 18.5) and 18.9 years (95% CI: 18.7 – 19.1) respectively. Women marrying at younger ages and having their first birth at younger ages were more likely (RRR: 1.187; 95% CI: 1.138-1.239 and RRR: 0.195; 95% CI: 0.074-0.511 respectively) to have higher CFS than their compatriots that initiated both marriage and childbearing at or after age 22 controlling for covariates as presented in the controlled model. The independent effects model shows that the risk of having 1-3 children compared to 6 or more children was lower (RRR: 0.073; 95% CI: 0.009-0.611; RRR: 0.136; 95% CI: 0,046-0.402 and RRR: 0.421; 05% CI: 0.135-1.312) for women whose ages at first marriage were <15, 15-18 and 19-21 respectively relative to 22+. Women with 1-3 children were 2.5 times more likely to use contraception than women with 6 or more children. Conclusion Having no education, being a rural resident and having a medium household wealth all increase the risk of having higher CFS. Women that marry before age 19 have a higher likelihood of having 6 or more children by the end of their reproductive period. The study concludes that apart from a woman’s age at first marriage and first birth, a complex network of factors interact to determined CFS.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0314.v1

The Early Silurian Gabbro in the Eastern Kunlun Orogenic Belt, Northeast Tibet: Constraints on the Proto-Tethyan Ocean Closure

Wenxiao Zhou, Haiquan Li, Feng Chang, Xinbiao Lv

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geochemistry And Petrology Keywords: northeast Tibet; Proto-Tethyan ocean; early silurian; eastern Kunlun orogenic belt; gabbro; zircons U-Pb age

Online: 14 August 2020 (09:02:26 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0670.v1

Comparing the Loading Dose between Aflibercept and Faricimab for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Chikako Hara, Masaki Suzue, Satoko Fujimoto, Yoko Fukushima, Kaori Sayanagi, Kentaro Nishida, Kazuichi Maruyama, Shigeru Sato, Kohji Nishida

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: age-related macular degeneration; aflibercept; faricimab; anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy; exudative change

Online: 10 November 2023 (07:30:39 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0179.v1

“Animal-style art,” and special finds at Iron Age settlements in Southeastern Kazakhstan: Commodity Production, Trade, and Pathways during the Iron Age

Claudia Chang, Sergei Sergievich Ivanov

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Archaeology Keywords: zoomorphic art; Saka nomadic tradition; horse and weaponry gear; etched carnelian beads; Iron Age agropastoral settlements; world-systems analysis

Online: 9 December 2022 (10:20:14 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0147.v1

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA): A Review of the Current Literature

Ahmed Javed, Aishwarya Khanna, Eleanor Palmer, Craig Wilde, Anwar Zaman, Gavin Orr, Dharmalingam Kumudhan, Arun Lakshmanan, Georgios D Panos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Ophthalmic imaging; Optical coherence tomography; Age-related macular degeneration; Glaucoma; Retinal conditions

Online: 8 February 2023 (11:28:28 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0224.v1

SIG-1451, A Novel, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Compound, Attenuates Light-Induced Photoreceptor Degeneration by Inhibiting Microglial Activation

Yuki Kikuchi, Eriko Sugano, Shiori Yuki, Kitako Tabata, Yuka Endo, Yuya Takita, Reina Onoguchi, Taku Ozaki, Tomokazu Fukuda, Yoshihiro Takai, Takahiro Kurose, Koichi Tanaka, Yoichi Honma, Eduardo Perez, Maxwell Stock, Jose Fernandez, Masanori Tamura, Michael Voronkov, Jeffry B Stock, Hiroshi Tomita

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: age-related macular degeneration; light-induced photoreceptor degeneration; anti-inflammatory drug; toll-like receptor 4

Online: 17 May 2022 (08:03:11 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0030.v1

Practical Application of Nanotechnology Solutions in Pavement Engineering: Addressing Practical Road Construction Related Problems Using Marginal Materials Stabilised With New-Age (Nano) Modified Emulsions (Nme) Towards Sustainable Roads

Gerrit J Jordaan, Wynand J vdM Steyn

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: New-age (Nano) Modified Emulsion (NME) stabilisation; identifying construction problems; preventing construction related problems; material related problems; constructability using nanotechnology applications; nano-silane stabilisation of granular materials; construction quality control problems; construction equipment problems; practical implementation of nano-silane stabilisation.

Online: 11 January 2022 (10:37:34 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0152.v1

Eugenio Martelli, Matilde Zamboni, Giovanni Sotgiu, Laura Saderi, Massimo Federici, Giuseppe Massimo Sangiorgi, Mariangela Valentina Puci, Allegra Rosa Martelli, Teresa Messina, Paolo Frigatti, Maria Pia Borrelli, Carlo Ruotolo, Ilaria Ficarelli, Paolo Rubino, Francesco Pezzo, Luciano Carbonari, Andrea Angelini, Edoardo Galeazzi, Luca Calia Di Pinto, Franco Michelino Fiore, Armado Palmieri, Giorgio Ventoruzzo, Giulia Mazzitelli, Franco Ragni, Antonio Bozzani, Enzo Forliti, Claudio Castagno, Pietro Volpe, Mafalda Massara, Diego Moniaci, Elisa Pagliasso, Tania Peretti, Mauro Ferrari, Nicola Troisi, Pietro Modugno, Maurizio Maiorano, Umberto Marcello Bracale, Marco Panagrosso, Mario Monaco, Giovanni Giordano, Giuseppe Natalicchio, Antonella Biello, Giovanni Maria Celoria, Alessio Amico, Mauro Di Bartolo, Massimiliano Martelli, Roberta Munaó, Davide Razzano, Giovanni Colacchio, Francesco Bussetti, Gaetano Lanza, Antonio Cardini, Bartolomeo Di Benedetto, Mario De Laurentis, Maurizio Taurino, Pasqualino Sirignano, Pierluigi Cappiello, Andrea Esposito, Santi Trimarchi, Silvia Romagnoli, Andrea Padricelli, Giorgio Giudice, Adolfo Crinisio, Giovanni Di Nardo, Giuseppe Battaglia, Rosario Tringale, Salvatore De Vivo, Rita Compagna, Valerio Stefano Tolva, Ilenia D'Alessio, Ruggiero Curci, Simona Giovannetti, Giuseppe D'Arrigo, Giusi Basile, Dalmazio Frigerio, Gian Franco Veraldi, Luca Mezzetto, Arnaldo Ippoliti, Fabio Massimo Oddi, Alberto Maria Settembrini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: chronic limb-threatening ischemia; outcome; sex; age; limb salvage

Online: 8 December 2022 (09:39:30 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Working Paper ARTICLE

National Versus Local Sustainable Development Plans and Island Priorities in Sanitation: Examples From the Kingdom of Tonga

Ian White, Tony Falkland, Taaniela Kula

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: sustainable development strategies; community development plans; small island developing states; governance; sanitation; water supply; hygiene; WASH; census results; top-down versus bottom-up; gender and age; SDG6

Online: 23 October 2020 (12:13:02 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0218.v3

Landscape and Settlement over 4 Millennia on the South Side of Lake Issyk kul, Kyrgyzstan: Preliminary Results of Survey Research in 2019-2021

Claudia Chang, Sergei Sergievich .Ivanov, Perry Alan Tourtellotte

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Archaeology Keywords: Archaeological survey; Inner Tian Shan Mountain region; Iron Age; Medieval period; agropastoralism

Online: 3 March 2022 (07:44:09 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.2052.v1

Artificial Intelligence Prediction of Gestational Age of Fetal in Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging versus ultrasound Using three different Biometric Measurements

Farzan Vahedifard, Xuchu Liu, Kranthi K. Marathu, Mehmet Kocak, H. Asher Ai, Mark P. Supanich, Seth Adler, Shehbaz M. Ansari, Melih Akyuz, Jubril O. Adepoju, Sharon Byrd

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Gestational Age; Fetal Brain; MRI

Online: 31 July 2023 (03:07:23 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Abstract: Accurately predicting a fetus's gestational age (GA) is of utmost importance in prenatal care. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model that can automatically predict GA using biometric measurements derived from fetal brain mag-netic resonance imaging (MRI). Additionally, we aimed to assess the significance of con-sidering different references when interpreting GA predictions. To achieve this, we obtained measurements such as Biparietal Diameter (BPD), Fron-to-occipital Diameter (FOD), and Head Circumference (HC) from a dataset comprising 52 normal fetal MRI cases with T2 Haste sequences from Rush University. Both manual and AI-based methods were utilized to acquire these measurements. We also employed three reference papers (Garel, Freq, and Bio) for comparison purposes. The results demonstrated a strong correlation between manual and AI measure-ments, indicating consistency between the two methods. The AI-based measurement of HC exhibited a higher correlation with actual values compared to BPD, FOD, and correct-ed BPD (BPDC). When comparing these measurements with GA in the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS), the differences varied depending on the reference used. Specifically, the differences ranged from 0.47 to 2.17 weeks for BPD, 0.46 to 2.26 weeks for FOD, and 0.75 to 1.74 weeks for HC. Furthermore, the Pearson correlation coeffi-cient analysis revealed that all correlation coefficients between PACS records and GA pre-dictions using different references were greater than 0.97. In conclusion, the AI model based on fetal brain MRI accurately predicts GA by uti-lizing BPD, FOD, and HC measurements. The AI approach, which involves combining line segments to calculate fetal head circumference, offers improved accuracy and con-venience compared to manual estimation. This study underscores the potential of AI models in accurately estimating gestational age and highlights their utility in prenatal care. By integrating AI as a valuable tool in prenatal care, we can enhance the accuracy, ef-ficiency, and decision-making involved in assessing fetal development and monitoring pregnancies using MRI measurements.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0333.v1

The nonspecific effects of COVID-19 vaccination upon non-COVID-19 all-cause mortality (NCACM) in the population of England: Effects of age, sex, COVID-19 variant, vaccination history, and time in a real-world study from Jan-21 to May-23

Rodney P Jones, Andrey Ponomarenko

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: COVID–19; vaccination; all-cause mortality; age; gender; complex system; pathogen interference; seasonality; miRNAs; negative vaccine effectiveness; nonspecific vaccine effects

Online: 4 January 2024 (07:32:40 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

All vaccines exhibit specific and nonspecific effects. Specific effects are shown by the efficacy against the target pathogen, while nonspecific effects can be detected by the change in all-cause mortality. The real-world non-COVID-19 all-cause mortality (NCACM) data for the population of England between January 2021 and May 2023 was assessed. All vaccines administered were based on the original Wuhan antigen. Each gender and age group, along with COVID-19 variant shows its own unique NCACM vaccination benefit/disbenefit time profile. The efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination against COVID-19 disease/death per se is undisputed, however, the nonspecific outcomes of COVID–19 vaccination is far more nuanced than have been widely appreciated. This confirms an earlier study on the unanticipated nonspecific effects of influenza vaccination against all-cause winter mortality. Interestingly, a high proportion of NCACM beneficial effects occurred during the first 21 days following COVID-19 vaccination, while the worst example of increased NCACM occurred during the fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccination in 19–40-year-olds for the interval >21 days post vaccination which led to NCACM 3- to 10-times higher than in the unvaccinated. By the time of the Omicron variant, NCACM outcomes in those aged 90+ are mostly adverse. The beneficial nonspecific effects of COVID-19 vaccination increase with age and reach their maximum effect during the second week post vaccination for age groups below 50 years, rising to during the third week for those aged 70+. Finally, we discuss the mechanisms by which COVID-19 vaccination could induce wider nonspecific effects. Most of these mechanisms seem to depend on gene regulation by noncoding RNAs which also interact with mRNAs. We suggest that further international studies are required to discern the nonspecific NCACM effects of the different COVID-19 variants other than the three variants prevalent in the UK, and different types/manufacturer of COVID-19 vaccines which have been employed around the world. We can only speculate regarding the nonspecific effects of the COVID-19 vaccines administered to persons with an asymptomatic infection, and during vaccine waning. Vaccines not only need to be effective against the target pathogen, as primarily determined by antibody production, but need to minimize any unanticipated adverse nonspecific effects against all-cause mortality.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0094.v1

An Unexpected Role for GPR143 in Retinal Homeostasis

Dorothy Tung, Nicole R. Congrove, Anna Gabriela Figueroa, Remington M Bliss, Tawanda Zvavamwe, Brian S. McKay

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Retinal pigment epithelium of the eye; RPE; AMD (Age-related Macular Degeneration); GPR143; L-DOPA; Melanin; Ocular albinism; Exosome; Photoreceptor outer segment; Cathepsin D.

Online: 5 January 2023 (02:58:31 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Age-related macular degeneration is one of the most common causes of blindness, and the incidence exhibits profound racial bias, occurring most frequently in Caucasians. A primary cell type affected in the disease is the retinal pigment epithelium, but the etiology is unclear. The end 10% of the photoreceptor outer segments are shed each day, and the underlying retinal pigment epithelium engulfs, digests, and recycles molecules back to the sensory retina. In previous work, we showed that GPR143 signaling in response to L-DOPA may be effective in the prevention or delay of age-related macular degeneration. In this study, we explore a novel potential effector of GPR143 signaling, that of outer segment uptake and digestion. Using isolated outer segments, labelled with a pH-sensitive marker to fluoresce in lysosomes, we show that GPR143 signaling does not impact outer segment uptake, but does have a significant effect on subsequent degradation. Interestingly, GPR143 signaling did not affect the digestive capacity of the cells, marked by total proteolytic capacity and cathepsin D activity. Rather, our data suggest GPR143 improved endosomal trafficking efficiency of the phagocytosed outer segments to the lysosome. This result is similar to the effect we previously reported for GPR143 on exosome release from the endosomal compartment. Our data illustrate that GPR143 is active in endosomal traffic A single paragraph of about 200 words maximum. For research articles, abstracts should give a pertinent overview of the work. We strongly encourage authors to use the following style of structured abstracts, but without headings: (1) Background: Place the question addressed in a broad context and highlight the purpose of the study; (2) Methods: briefly describe the main methods or treatments applied; (3) Results: summarize the article’s main findings; (4) Conclusions: indicate the main conclusions or interpretations. The abstract should be an objective representation of the article and it must not contain results that are not presented and substantiated in the main text and should not exaggerate the main conclusions.

Working Paper ARTICLE

A Study to Establish Local Healthcare Projects in the with-COVID-19 Age : Based on Health Recognition of Local Residents in the Korea

Bo-Woo Lee

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: COVID-19; with- COVID-19 age; infectious disease; local healthcare projects; healthcare systems

Online: 16 September 2021 (14:59:34 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1003.v1

Candida Vaginal Colonization in Pregnancy and Its Perinatal Impact: Cause, Effect or Coincidence?

Tito Ramírez-Lozada, Carlos Enrique Pérez-Serna, Rodolfo Pinto-Almazán, Carlos Enrique Pérez-Serna, Xóchitl Ramírez-Magaña, Eduardo García-Salazar, Estefani Cruz-Tovar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: Candida albicans; preterm delivery; premature rupture of membranes; small for gestational age; perinatal mortality

Online: 15 May 2023 (08:50:45 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0264.v1

Timothy Gustavo Cavazzotto, Natã Gomes de Lima Stavinski, Marcos Roberto Queiroga, Michael Pereira da Silva, Edilson Serpeloni Cyrino, Helio Serassuelo Junior, Edgar Ramos Vieira

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: exercise; marriage; sedentary behavior; gender; age groups; behavioral risk factors surveillance system

Online: 15 November 2021 (13:44:23 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Working Paper ARTICLE

U-Pb Age and Hf Isotope Systematics of Zircon from Eclogite Xenoliths in Devonian Kimberlites: The Neoarchaean Roots of the Central Belarus Suture Zone

Leonid Shumlyanskyy, Stepan Tsymbal, Monika A. Kusiak, Simon A. Wilde, Alexander A. Nemchin, Iryna Tarasko, Liudmyla Shumlianska, Mandy Hofmann

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geochemistry And Petrology Keywords: Eclogite xenolith; kimberlite; zircon; U-Pb age; Hf isotopes; Ukrainian Shield; Devonian; East European Platform.

Online: 5 October 2021 (15:43:55 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0911.v1

Age Profiles for SARS-CoV-2 Variants in England and Wales and States of the USA (2020 to 2022): Impact on All-Cause Mor-Tality

Rodney P Jones, Andrey Ponomarenko

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID–19; all-cause mortality; single year of age; gender; complex system; pathogen interference; seasonality; small RNAs

Online: 12 May 2023 (09:01:29 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Since 2020 COVID-19 has caused serious mortality around the world. Given the ambiguity in es-tablishing COVID-19 as the direct cause of death we first investigate the effects of age and sex upon all-cause mortality during 2020 and 2021 in England and Wales. Since infectious agents have their own unique age profile for death, we explore several methods to adjust single year of age deaths in England and Wales during 2019 (the pre-COVID-19 base year) to a pathogen-neutral single year of age baseline. This adjusted base year is then used to confirm the widely reported higher deaths in males for most ages above 43 years in both 2020 and 2021. During 2020 (+ COVID-19 but no vac-cination) both male and female population-adjusted deaths were significantly increased above age 35. A significant reduction in all-cause mortality among both males and females aged 75+ could be demonstrated in 2021 during widespread COVID–19 vaccination, however, below age 75 deaths progressively increased. This finding arises from a mix of vaccination and year of age profiles of deaths for the different SARS-CoV-2 variants. In addition, specific effects for age around puberty were demonstrated where females had higher deaths rather than males. There is evidence that year-of-birth cohorts may also be involved, indicating that immune priming to specific pathogen outbreaks in the past may lead to lower deaths for some birth cohorts. To specifically identify the age profile for the COVID-19 variants in 2020 to 2023, we employ the proportion of total deaths at each age which are potentially due to or ‘with’ COVID-19. The original Wuhan strain, and the Alpha variant show somewhat limited divergence in the age profile with the Alpha variant shifted to a moderately higher proportion of deaths below age 84. The Delta variant specifically targeted persons below age 65. The Omicron variants showed significantly lower proportion of overall mortality, with markedly higher relative proportion of deaths above age 65 steeply increasing with age to a maximum around 100 years of age. A similar age profile for the variants can be seen in the age-banded deaths in US states – although slightly obscured by using age bands rather than single year of age. However, the US data shows that higher male deaths are greatly dependent on age and the COVID-variant. Deaths determined as ‘due to’ COVID-19 (as opposed to ‘involving’ COVID-19) in England and Wales were especially over-estimated in 2021 relative to the change in all-cause mortality. This arose as a by-product of an increase in COVID-19 testing capacity in late 2020. Potential structure-function mechanisms for the year of age specificity of SARS-CoV-2 var-iants are discussed. The question is posed as to whether vaccines based on different variants carry the specific age profile through into the vaccine.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1128.v1

Basic Knowledge of Polyamines That Researchers Must Know before Starting Research, and the Relationship of Polyamines to Aging, Health and Disease

Kuniyasu Soda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: Polyamine; Spermine; Spermidine; Lifespan extension; Polyamine-rich food; age-related disease; Inflammation; Gene methylation; LFA-1

Online: 16 May 2023 (08:39:53 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1184.v1

Frontotemporal-TDP and LATE Neurocognitive Disorders: A Pathophysiological and Genetic Approach

Genaro Gabriel Ortiz, Javier Ramírez-Jirano, Raul L. Arizaga, Daniela L.C. Delgado-Lara, Erandis D. Torres-Sánchez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: frontotemporal lobar degeneration; transactive response DNA‐binding protein 43; limbic age related encephalopathy; progranulin

Online: 19 September 2023 (07:39:10 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0409.v1

Are There Sex Differences in Self-Reported Childhood Maltreatment in Major Depressive and Bipolar Disorders? A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Daniela Caldirola, Tatiana Torti, Francesco Cuniberti, Silvia Daccò, Alessandra Alciati, Koen Schruers, Giovanni Martinotti, Domenico De Berardis, Giampaolo Perna

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: childhood trauma; major depressive disorder; bipolar disorder; sex difference; age

Online: 31 May 2022 (03:39:57 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0165.v1

Computed Tomographic Features of Thymus Gland in Dogs: Correlation with Age, Gender, Breed and Body Fat Content

Mohammad Molazem, Sarang Soroori, Alireza Bahonar, Saghar Karimi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Computed tomography, Thymus Gland, Dog, Age, Gender, Breed, Body Fat

Online: 4 May 2023 (02:59:54 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

: Background: The thymus gland is the first lymphoid organ formed to regulate a newborn's immunity. It reaches its maximum size during puberty, after which it undergoes an atrophic procedure called involution, but its ability to grow again in response to some stresses, such as infections, neoplasia, surgeries, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy is maintained. There is not any comprehensive study on computed tomographic features of thymus gland in dogs. So, the goal of the present study is to achieve some information about thymus gland using computed tomography as a non-invasive method. Methods: One hundred and fifty dogs classified in 5 age groups and 2 breed groups were entered to this study and the thymus gland was evaluated using 2-slice computed tomography machine. The inclusion criteria for the present study were having normal complete blood count, plain and post-contrast CT scan examination of thoracic region and no history of neoplasia, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The visibility, density, enhancement, grade, size, volume, shape, borders and lateralization of the thymus were evaluated and statistical analysis were performed. The effect of obesity on thymic grade and volume were also investigated. Results: The visibility, density, dorsal length, volume and grade decreased with increasing age. The thymic shape and lateralization were mostly wedge-shaped and left sided respectively. The borders became concave with aging and increasing body fat content caused to increase fatty degeneration of thymus. Conclusions: Declining of thymic density, grade, size and volume with aging was related to thymic involution and fatty degeneration was accelerated by increasing body fat content. Females and Males were different only in thymic shape and small and large breeds were different only in thymic volume. The thymus was visible in some geriatric dogs with no underlying disease. We hope that the present work can be used by radiologists in reading thoracic computed tomography but investigation of thymic characteristics in dogs with neoplasia and history of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and thoracic surgeries can complete this study.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0333.v1

Employing Machine Learning to Estimate Hallmark Measures of Physical Activities from Wrist-worn Devices Across Age Groups

Mamoun T. Mardini, Chen Bai, Amal A. Wanigatunga, Santiago Saldana, Ramon Casanova, Todd M. Manini

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: wrist; accelerometer; physical activity; energy expenditure; machine learning; random forest, age groups

Online: 12 March 2021 (08:41:44 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Wrist-worn fitness trackers and smartwatches are proliferating with an incessant attention towards health tracking. Given the growing popularity of wrist-worn devices across all age groups, a rigorous evaluation for recognizing hallmark measures of physical activities and estimating energy expenditure is needed to compare their accuracy across the lifespan. The goal of the study was to build machine learning models to recognize physical activity type (sedentary, locomotion, and lifestyle) and intensity (low, light, and moderate), identify individual physical activities, and estimate energy expenditure. The primary aim of this study was to build and compare models for different age groups: young [20-50 years], middle (50-70 years], and old (70-89 years]. Participants (n = 253, 62% women, aged 20-89 years old) performed a battery of 33 daily activities in a standardized laboratory setting while wearing a portable metabolic unit to measure energy expenditure that was used to gauge metabolic intensity. Tri-axial accelerometer collected data at 80-100 Hz from the right wrist that was processed for 49 features. Results from random forests algorithm were quite accurate in recognizing physical activity type, the F1-Score range across age groups was: sedentary [0.955 – 0.973], locomotion [0.942 – 0.964], and lifestyle [0.913 – 0.949]. Recognizing physical activity intensity resulted in lower performance, the F1-Score range across age groups was: sedentary [0.919 – 0.947], light [0.813 – 0.828], and moderate [0.846 – 0.875]. The root mean square error range was [0.835 – 1.009] for the estimation of energy expenditure. The F1-Score range for recognizing individual physical activities was [0.263 – 0.784]. Performances were relatively similar and the accelerometer data features were ranked similarly between age groups. In conclusion, data features derived from wrist worn accelerometers lead to high-moderate accuracy estimating physical activity type, intensity and energy expenditure and are robust to potential age-differences.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0405.v1

Regional Precipitation Trends Since 1500 Ce, Reconstructed from Calcite Sublayers of a Varved Mediterranean Lake Record (Central Pyrenees)

Teresa Vegas-Vilarrúbia, Juan Pablo Corella, Javier Sigró, Valentí Rull, Isabel Dorado, Blas Valero, Emilia Gutiérrez

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Authigenic varves; Autumn precipitation; Climate warming; Little Ice Age; Transfer function model; Water resources

Online: 22 November 2021 (14:21:49 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

The Mediterranean is one of the regions of the world where human-induced climate warming is expected to have large impacts on water and environmental resources. To predict shifts in the current climate system, more regional climate records, including seasonal-to-century scale variability spanning longer than the instrumental periods, are needed. To help fill this gap, we provide a reconstruction of autumn precipitation variations for the Central Pyrenees range since 1500 Common Era (CE) using the varved sediments of Lake Montcortès. To assess the suitability of the calcite sublayer width of the sediments of this lake as a proxy for precipitation anomalies, we performed an analysis and smoothing of the temporal structure of the width series, calibration of the new series with the available instrumental climate records, calculation of a transfer function and testing and comparison of the reconstructed series against available empirical data.The prediction model was statistically robust and showed that the climatic signal was captured in the calcite sublayers. The reconstruction provides the first estimations of regional autumn precipitation shifts in the Central Pyrenees at annual resolution, since 1500 CE. Pronounced interdecadal shifts in precipitation were noticeable; no increasing nor decreasing linear trends or periods of extreme precipitation events were identified. The reconstructed precipitation anomalies suggest a decrease in rainfall during the coldest phase within the coldest period of the Little Ice Age and also during the 20^th century, probably associated to current Global Warming. Correlations between autumn precipitation and the North Atlantic Oscillation, Western Mediterranean Oscillation and Southern Oscillation indices were weak to moderate. A potential relationship with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation pattern is suggested. The reconstructed autumn precipitation trends are coherent with other palaeohydrological reconstructions in similar Mediterranean settings, and consistent at a regional level.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0186.v1

Age Estimation in Human Gait Extraction using A Combination of Multi-Energy Image with Invariant Moment

Nasser Al Musalhi, Erbuğ Çelebi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: age estimation; AFDEI; CNN; human gait; neural networks; GEI; invariant moments

Online: 5 June 2023 (08:12:12 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0386.v1

Causes and Treatment of Hypoxia During Total Hip Arthroplasty in Elderly Patients: Case Report

Jae Young Ji, Jin Hun Chung, Nan Seol Kim, Yong Han Seo, Ho Soon Jung, Hea Rim Chun, Hyung Yoon Gong, Woo Jong Kim, Jae Min Ahn, Yu Jun Park

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: Atelectasis; Hypoxia; Old age; Spontaneous respiration

Online: 26 October 2021 (12:36:47 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0506.v1

A Retrospective Cohort Study of the Clinical Features, Pathological Characteristics, and Molecular Classification in Reproductive Age Patients with Endometrial Cancer who Experienced Unsuccessful Fertility-sparing Treatment

Tong Yu, Xi-Wen Zhang, Ping-Li Sun, Abdulkarim Mohamed Farah, Yan Jia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: endometrial cancer; fertility-sparing management; molecular classification; reproductive age; pregnancy

Online: 26 November 2021 (12:42:15 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0063.v1

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Unvaccinated High Risk Pregnant Women in the Bronx, NY is Associated with Placental Abnormalities, Shorter Gestation and Lower Apgar Scores

Sandra Reznik, Patricia Vuguin, Rasha Khoury, Olivier Loudig, Ridin Balakrashnian, Susan Fineberg, Francine Hughes, Malini Harigopal, Maureen J. Charron

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Placental Pathology; Apgar Scores; Gestational Age; Under-resourced Patient Population

Online: 5 September 2022 (13:17:10 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0291.v1

Multidimensional Machine Learning on 2173 COVID-19 Patients in Vietnam

Tue Trong Nguyen *, Tu Cam Ho *, Huong Thi Thu Bui *, Ulrike Protzer, Van Thanh Ta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; Multidimensional Analysis; HCA; Hierarchical cluster analysis; regression analysis; mild; moderate; severe; Age; Score index of the chest X-ray; percentage and quantity of neutrophils; Albumin; C reactive protein; ratio of Lymphocytes

Online: 20 September 2022 (04:50:36 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of the study was to determine (a) the overall preclinical character; (b) the cumulative cutoff values and the risk ratio, and (c) the factors associated with severity by a unidimensional and multidimensional analysis on 2173 Sars-Cov2 patients. METHODS: The machine learning study population consisted of 2173 patients (1587 mild and non symptoms patients, 377 moderate patients, 209 severe patients). The status of the patients was recorded from September 2021 to March 2022. RESULTS: The Covid19 Severity directly links with a significant correlation to Age, Score index of the chest X-ray, percentage and quantity of neutrophils, Albumin, C reactive protein, and ratio of Lymphocytes. Their important cut off values (from regression analysis) respectively are: 77.56 years old (the mild-moderate group), 5.53 (the mild-moderate group) and 10.51 (the moderate-severe group), 84.80% (the mild-moderate group) and 87.74%(the moderate-severe group), 11.77G/L (the moderate-severe group), 29.73g/L (the moderate-severe group), 7.46mg/dL (the mild-moderate group), 6.32% (the moderate-severe group). Their significant (p<0.0001) R score correlation with the severity of Covid19, are: 0.44, 0.52 and 0.52, 0.33 and 0.44, 0.42, -0.43, 0.40, -0.41. Their significant risk ratio (p<0.00001) from the meta-analysis, respectively are: 4.19 [3.58-4.95], 3.29 [2.76-3.92] and 3.03 [2.4023;3.8314], 3.18 [2.73-3.70] and 3.32 [2.6480;4.1529], 3.15 [2.6153;3.8025], 3.4[2.91-3.97], 0.46 [0.3650;0.5752] (p<0.00001), 0.34 [0.2743;0.4210]. The pair ALT – Leucocytes and Transferrin – Anion Chloride get the most important correlation shift. ALT – Leucocytes show the important negative link (R=-1, p<0.00001) in the mild group to the significant positive correlation in the moderate group (R=1, p<0.00001). Transferrin–anion Chloride has an important positive association (R=1, p<0.00001) in the mild group with a significant negative correlation in the moderate group (R=-0.59, p<0.00001). The network map and HCA show that in the mild-moderate group, the closest neighbors with the Covid19 severity are ferritins, Age. Then there is C-reactive protein, SI of X-ray, Albumin, and Lactate dehydrogenase, which are the next close neighbors of these three factors. In the moderate-severe group, the closest neighbors with the Covid19 severity are Ferritin, Fibrinogen, Albumin, the quantity of Lymphocytes, SI of X-ray, white blood cells count, Lactate dehydrogenase, and quantity of neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS: Complete multidimensional study in 2173 Covid19 patients in Vietnam shows the whole picture of all the preclinical factors, which may become the clinical reference marker for surveillance and diagnostic management

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0021.v1

Excess Winter Mortality (EWM) as a Dynamic Forensic Tool: Where, When, Which Conditions, Gender, Ethnicity and Age

Rodney P Jones

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: excess winter mortality; influenza; latitude; gender; age; respiratory conditions; spatiotemporal effects; female; male; pandemics; seasons; ethnic groups; respiration disorders; coinfection

Online: 1 February 2021 (12:16:39 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0010.v1

Age Analysis of Status Updating System with Probabilistic Packet Preemption

Jixiang Zhang, Yinfei Xu

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: age of information; discrete time status updating system; probabilistic preemption; probability generation function; stationary distribution

Online: 4 May 2022 (13:15:56 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

The age of information (AoI) metric was proposed to measure the freshness of messages obtained at the terminal node of a status updating system. In this paper, the AoI of discrete time status updating system with probabilistic packet preemption is investigated by analyzing the steady state of a three-dimensional discrete stochastic process. Assuming the queue used in system is Ber/Geo/1/2*/η, which represents that the system size is 2 and the packet in buffer can be preempted by fresher packet with probability η. Instead of considering system’s AoI separately, we use a three-dimensional state vector (n,m,l) to simultaneously track the real time changes of the AoI, the age of packet in server, and the age of packet waiting in buffer. We give the explicit expression of system’s average AoI, and show that the average AoI of system without packet preemption is obtained by letting η=0. When η is set to 1, the mean of AoI of system having Ber/Geo/1/2* queue is obtained as well. Combining the results we have obtained and comparing them with corresponding average continuous AoIs, we propose a possible relationship between average discrete AoI with Ber/Geo/1/c queue and the average continuous AoI with M/M/1/c queue. For each of two extreme cases where η=0 and η=1, we also determine the stationary distribution of AoI using the probability generation function (PGF) method. The relations between average AoI and the packet preemption probability η, as well as AoI’s distribution curves in two extreme cases are illustrated by numerical simulations. Notice that the probabilistic packet preemption may occur, for example, in an energy harvest (EH) node of wireless sensor network, where the packet in buffer can be replaced only when the node collects enough energy. In particular, to exhibit the usefulness of our idea and methods and highlight the merits of considering discrete time systems, in this paper we give much more explanations showing that how the results about continuous AoI is derived by analyzing the corresponding discrete time system, and how the discrete age analysis is generalized to the system with multiple sources. In terms of packet service process, we also propose our idea to analyze system’s AoI when the service time distribution is relaxed to be arbitrary.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1218.v1

Immunosenescence and Cytomegalovirus: Exploring Their Connection in the Context of Aging, Health, and Disease

Ludmila Müller, Svetlana Di Benedetto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: aging; immunosenescence; cytomegalovirus; inflammaging; CMV latency; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; long COVID; age-related diseases

Online: 20 November 2023 (05:14:11 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0789.v1

Extended Duration Anti-VEGF Therapy for Chorioretinal Vascular Diseases: Successes, Failures and Challenges

Azeem Hasan, Darby D Miller, Michael W. Stewart

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Angiogenesis; Age-related macular degeneration; diabetic retinopathy; intravitreal injections; retinal vein occlusions

Online: 13 November 2023 (10:37:37 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0350.v1

Human Age Estimation from Face Images with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks Using Transfer Learning

Gilbert George, Chandrashekhar Uppin, Usman Abubakar Bello

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: Convolution neural network; Deep Learning; Facial Age; Regression; Transfer learning

Online: 4 January 2024 (07:41:39 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0519.v1

The Effect on HbA1c Levels of Age and Gender in Adults Without Diabetes Mellitus

Gülşen Şener, Esra Deniz Kahvecioğlu, Başak Can, Alper Gümüş, Semih Beyazıt Yeşil, Betül Evran

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; HbA1c; gender; age; correlation

Online: 28 February 2023 (10:39:45 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1011.v1

Prevalence of Vitamin B₁₂ and Folate Deficiencies in Indian Children and Adolescents

Tattari Shalini, Raghu Pullakhandam, Santu Ghosh, Bharati Kulkarni, Hemalatha Rajkumar, Harshpal S Sachdev, Anura V Kurpad, Geereddy Bhanuprakash Reddy

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Vitamin B12 deficiency; Folate deficiency; School-age children; Adolescents; CNNS

Online: 15 May 2023 (09:45:12 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Deficiencies of vitamin B12 (B12) and folate (FA) are of particular interest due to their pleiotropic role in 1-carbon metabolism. In addition to adverse birth outcomes, deficiencies of B12 and FA, or an imbalance in FA/B12 status, are linked to metabolic disorders. Indian diets that are predominantly plant food-based could be deficient in these vitamins, but there are no national estimates of the prevalence of B12 and FA deficiency in Indian children and adolescents, nor of their associations with age, sex, and growth indicators. The recent Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS-2016-18) provided estimates of the prevalence of B12 and FA deficiency at the national and state level among preschool (1-4y: 9,976 and 11,004 children respectively), school-age children (5-9y: 12,156 and 14,125) and adolescents (10-19y: 11,748 and 13,621). Serum B12 and erythrocyte FA were measured by the direct chemiluminescence method and their deficiency was defined using WHO cut-offs. The prevalence of B12 and FA deficiency was high among adolescents (31.0%, CI: 28.7-33.5 and 35.6%, CI: 33.1-8.2), compared to school-age (17.3%, CI: 15.4-19.3 and 27.6%, CI: 25.5-29.9) and preschool children (13.8%, CI: 11.7-16.2 and 22.8%, CI: 20.5-25.2, respectively). The prevalence of both B12 and FA deficiency was significantly higher by 8 and 5% points respectively, in adolescent boys compared to girls. The prevalence of B12 deficiency was higher in moderately stunted school children (by 18.9% points) than in normal children, but no such difference was observed for FA deficiency. There was wide regional variation in the prevalence of B12 and FA deficiency, but no rural-urban differences were observed across all age groups. The national prevalence of B12 deficiency among preschool or school-age children was <20% (the cut-off that indicates a public health problem). However, FA deficiency in these age groups and both FA and B12 deficiencies in adolescents were >20%, which warrants further investigation.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0424.v1

Social Networking in Adolescents: Time, Type and Motives of Using, Social Desirability and Communication Choices

Marta Tremolada, Lucio Silingardi, Livia Taverna

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Social networking; adolescents; communication; motives of use; social desirability; gender differences; age differences

Online: 27 December 2021 (11:24:06 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0350.v2

Recent Advances in Proteomic-based Approaches to Study Age-related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review

Laura García-Quintanilla, Lorena Rodríguez-Martínez, Enrique Bandín-Vilar, María Gil-Martinez, Miguel González-Barcia, Cristina Mondelo-García, Anxo Fernández-Ferreiro, Jesús Mateos

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Proteomics, Age-related macular degeneration, inflammation, biomarker, oxidative stress.

Online: 21 November 2022 (02:35:09 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1220.v1

PGC-1α Regulates the Interplay between Oxidative Stress, Senescence and Autophagy in the Aging Retina Important in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Iswariyaraja Sridevi Gurubaran, Cezary Watala, Joanna Kostanek, Joanna Szczepanska, Elzbieta Pawlowska, Kai Kaarniranta, Janusz Blasiak

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: age-related macular degeneration; aging retina; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; PGC-1 AMD; cellular senescence; autophagy; oxidative stress

Online: 18 July 2023 (11:09:42 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0278.v1

Association between Knowledge about Anemia, Food Consumption Behaviors, and Hematocrit Level among School-Age Children in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand

Pastraporn Kaewpawong, Kiatkamjorn Kusol, Onuma Bunkarn, Sirigran Sutthisompohn

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: knowledge; food consumption behaviors; hematocrit level; school-age children

Online: 19 October 2022 (10:06:28 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Anemia is a significant public health problem among children, especially school-age children because their body quickly produces red blood cells to provide sufficient blood volume with plasma expansion to maintain blood concentration. This research aimed to study the anemia situation, knowledge about anemia, food consumption behaviors, and the association between knowledge, food consumption behaviors, and hematocrit level among school-age children in primary school, in Thasala district, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. This is a descriptive study among 408 students, Grades 4 to 6, aged 9-12 years. Research instruments included the demographic data of the children and their knowledge about anemia, food consumption behaviors, and hematocrit assessment. Data were analyzed using descriptive, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and logistic regression statistics. The results revealed that 23.2% of the samples had anemia, whereas 22.22% had mild anemia and 0.98% had moderate anemia. The children knew about anemia, where the mean score was at a moderate level (Mean= 6.63; SD= 2.51) out of 10. The mean score on food consumption behaviors was in the moderate level (Mean= 17.49; SD= 3.68) out of 24. There were significantly positive correlations between the knowledge about anemia and the hematocrit level at a moderate level (r= 0.45, p< 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed moderate food consumption behaviors with the hematocrit level (r= 0.40, p< 0.001). When confirm with Logistic regression found that knowledge about anemia (OR = 9.15, 95% CI: 4.57-18.34), and food consumption behaviors (OR = 19.09, 95% CI: 9.71-37.53) were significantly associated with the hematocrit level. Conclusions: This study showed that knowledge and appropriate food consumption behaviors are associated with hematocrit levels. Enhancing knowledge about anemia and food consumption behaviors may be reduced the prevalence of anemia in school-age children. The health care providers in primary care should be encouraged children to have health education and eat sufficient food.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1259.v1

AI in Orthodontics: Revolutionizing Diagnostics and Treatment Planning

Natalia Kazimierczak, Wojciech Kazimierczak, Zbigniew Serafin, Pawel Nowicki, Jakub Nożewski, Joanna Janiszewska

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: orthodontics; artificial intelligence; deep learning; cephalometric analysis; radiology; CBCT; skeletal age; treatment planning

Online: 18 December 2023 (10:30:11 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0542.v1

Revisiting Retinal Degeneration Hallmarks: Insights from Molecular Markers and Therapy Perspectives

Joao Gabriel Santos Rosa, Geonildo Rodrigo Disner, Felipe Justiniano Pinto, Carla Lima, Monica Lopes-Ferreira

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: eye health; visual impairment; age-related macular degeneration; glaucoma; retinitis pigmentosa; diabetic retinopathy; therapeutic strategies

Online: 10 July 2023 (08:29:38 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0653.v1

Determinants of Child Nutritional Status among Scheduled Tribes in West Bengal

Manabindra Barman, Dr. Indrajit Roy Chowdhury

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Scheduled tribe; Children; Nutritional status; Under 5years age; Determinant factors

Online: 9 June 2023 (03:04:37 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Malnutrition is the main cause of child mortality in developing nations, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asian countries. This undernutrition status is predominantly higher among primitive tribal (ST) children under 5 years of age. The nutritional status of tribal children is a serious concern in India. For this, there should be intends to examine the prevalence and determinants of primitive tribal children's nutritional status. To investigate the effect of household, child’s & maternal characteristics on biological children under 5 years of age. The study aims to find out the association between some selected determinants on scheduled tribe child’s nutritional status. The study used some selected variable of scheduled tribe mothers, household characteristics and their children anthropometric indices from DHS datasets of India, which was published by the NFHS datasets of India. In this study People datasets and Children (Under 5 years of age) of interviewed women file datasets of NFHS-IV & V is taken. The datasets of West Bengal, ST mothers, and their child into consideration as per the research interest. Then to analyze the determinants of ST children (U5 age) nutritional status, some determinant factors are taken from mothers, children and household characteristics. Children’s stunting, wasting and underweight as dependent variable and the mothers, child’s and household’s characteristics as independent variable. The statistical analysis was done by using Pearson Chi square test used to analyze the association between dependent and independent variables. The study results shows that the mother’s educational status, child’s age, birth order, size of child at birth, type of residence had significant associations with stunting. Mother's anemia status and mother age had significant associations with wasting. Mother education, currently breastfeeding, child age, sex of the child, birth order, size of child at birth, type of residence, wealth, toilet facility, and cooking fuel shows a significant association with underweight. The results found that many determinant factors had a significant role among ST children's (U5 age) nutritional status. Thus, the findings will help to achieve tentative resource allocation, and utilization through various programs and policies to improve the ST children (U5 age) nutritional status. There is a need to take a multisectoral and multidimensional approach to develop for those primitive tribal children.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1260.v1

Pharmacological Modulation of Energy and Metabolic Pathways Protects Hearing in the Fus1 KO Model of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress

Winston JT Tan, Joseph Santos-Sacchi, Jane Tonello, Anil Shanker, Alla V Ivanova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: Age-related hearing loss; cochlea; Fus1/Tusc2; mitochondria; mitochondrial dysfunction; oxidative stress; 2-deoxy-D-glucose; Rapamycin; Seahorse Metabolism Analysis

Online: 18 May 2023 (02:25:22 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0723.v1

Mammalian Animal & Human Retinal Organ Culture as Pre-clinical Model to Evaluate Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Intraocular Therapeutics

Martina Kropp, Mohit Mohit, Cristina Ioana Leroy-Ciocanea, Laura Schwerm, Nina Harmening, Thais Bascuas, Eline De Clerck, Andreas J. Kreis, Bojan Pajic, Sandra Johnen, Gabriele Thumann

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: retina organ culture; neuroretinal degenerative disease; oxidative stress; antioxidant; age-related macular degeneration (AMD); diabetic retinopathy (DR); Scutellarin; PEDF; GM-CSF; 4R

Online: 10 May 2023 (09:42:33 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1524.v1

New Generation of Gene Therapies as the Future of Wet AMD Treatment

Janusz Blasiak, Elzbieta Pawlowska, Justyna Ciupinska, Marcin Derwich, Joanna Szczepanska, Kai Kaarniranta

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: age-related macular degeneration; AMD; vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGF; anti-VEGF therapy; gene therapy; clinical trials; gene editing

Online: 22 January 2024 (10:11:17 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1318.v1

Wet and Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration Induced by Polyethylene Glycol

Reece Mitchell, Connor Logan, Valeriy V. Lyzogubov, Nalini S. Bora, Puran S. Bora

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Age-related macular degeneration, Choroidal neovascularization, Retinal pigmented epithelium, Fluorescein isothiocyanate

Online: 19 July 2023 (09:24:37 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1676.v1

Montane Ecoclines as Social Aggregation Zones in Ancient Central Asia: Agropastoral economies in Jukuu, Kyrgyzstan

Claudia Chang, Sergei S. Ivanov, Robert N. Spengler III, Basira Mir-Makhamad, Perry Alan Tourtellotte

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: Agropastoralism; Central Asia; Archaeology; Archaeobotany; Turkic burial mound; Iron Age settlement; Ecotones; Mountainous ecoclines

Online: 24 May 2023 (03:17:20 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1968.v1

SaBrcada: Survival Intervals Prediction for Breast Cancer Patients by Dimension Raising and Age Stratification

Shih-Huan Lin, Ching-Hsuan Chien, Kai-Po Chang, Min-Fang Lu, Yu-Ting Chen, Yen-Wei Chu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: breast cancer; deep learning; survival analysis; data dimension raising; age stratification

Online: 29 May 2023 (04:52:42 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0670.v1

Precision and Accuracy of Radiological Bone Age Assessment in Children among Ethnical Groups

Sebastián Eustaquio Martín Pérez, Isidro Miguel Martín Pérez, Jesús Vega González, Ruth Molina Suárez, Coromoto León Hernández, Fidel Rodríguez Hernández, Mario Ulises Herrera Perez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: diagnostic imaging; radiography; age determination by skeleton; racial group; children

Online: 11 September 2023 (11:11:23 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Introduction: Determination of radiological bone age (BA) is a diagnostic method that consists of estimating chronological age (CA) from the bone maturation of children. Although environmental and hormonal factors can interfere with bone ossification, the process is essentially dependent on ancestral inheritance. These ethnic backgrounds are not usually considered, which can lead to biased interpretations and inadequate decision-making by pediatricians or forensic experts. The objective of this study was to determine the precision and accuracy of these radiological procedures among different ethnic groups. Methods: A qualitative systematic review carried out following MOOSE statement and previously registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews PROSPERO (CRD42023449512). Search was performed in MEDLINE (PubMed) (n=561), Cochrane Library (n=261), CINAHL (n=103), Web of Science (WOS) (n=181) and public institutional repositories (n=37) from inception to 31st December 2022 using Mesh as “Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures”, “Diagnostic imaging”, “Radiography”, “Age Determination by Skeleton” and free terms combining with booleans “AND” and “OR”. PEDro scale, and Risk of Bias in non-randomized Studies of Exposure (ROBINS-E) were used to assess methodological quality and risk of bias of included studies respectively. Results: 51 articles (n=19,531) were included according to the inclusion criteria previously established. There was a good to moderate methodological quality and a high to very high risk of bias. Skeletal methods for determining BA were precised in terms of intra-observer and inter-observer reliability in all ethnic groups. Regarding to accuracy of Skeletal methods in Caucasians and Hispanic children, GPA was accurate at all ages, but in youths, TW3 RUS could be a consistent alternative. In Asian and Arab, GPA and TW3 overestimated BA in adolescents near adulthood. In African youths, GPA overestimated BA while TW3 was more accurate in estimating CA. Dental and Cervical radiographic methods are equally precise but lesser accurate than Skeletal BA determination. Conclusion: Skeletal radiographic methods GPA and TW3 are both precise for BA determination among all ethnical groups, but their accuracy in estimating CA can be altered by racial bias.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0005.v1

A Re-Inventory After 12 Years – Increase in Red Wood Ant Nests and Woodpecker Cavities in Nests in the West Eifel Volcanic Field Despite Climatic Changes

Gabriele M. Berberich, Martin B. Berberich

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Red wood ants (Formica rufa-group); tree age classes; West Eifel Volcanic Field; herbaceous layer; woodpecker cavities; clearings; re-inventory; climate change

Online: 1 March 2023 (02:57:20 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1148.v1

Perceptions, Barriers, and Facilitators of Maternal Health Service Utilization in Southern Ethiopia: A Qualitative Exploration of Community Members’ and Health Care Providers’ Views

Amanuel Yoseph, Wondwosen Teklesilasie, Francisco Guillen-Grima, Ayalew Astatkie

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: antenatal care; health facility delivery; postnatal care; utilization; women of reproductive age; perceptions; barriers; facilitators; phenomenological study; Ethiopia

Online: 15 December 2023 (11:39:01 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

AbstractBackground: Maternal health service (MHS) use is a key strategy to reduce maternal mortality. However, the existing evidence is scarce to design efficient intervention strategies in Ethiopia. Thus, we aimed to explore community members and health care providers' perceptions of MHS, and barriers, and facilitators of MHS use in southern Ethiopia. Methods: A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted from November 14-30, 2022, in the northern zone of the Sidama region. Sixteen in-depth interviews, nine focus group discussions, and 15 key informant interviews were done with 112 study participants. A maximum variance sampling method was used to select study participants. Data coding and analysis were done using MAXQAD 2020 software and presented in narratives. Results: Communities have positive perceptions and good practices of skilled antenatal care (ANC) and health facility delivery (HFD), but lack awareness of postnatal care (PNC) services and schedules. Some have experienced negative interactions with health care providers, health facilities, and ambulance drivers. The main identified barriers to ANC use were lack of awareness of ANC benefits, distance from a health facility, costs associated with ANC use, long waiting time, lack of access to road, and women being busy with different household chores. Distance from health facility, costs associated with HFD use, unpredicted labour, lack of an ANC visit, lack of a birth preparedness plan, and non-dignified care were the main barriers to HFD. The major identified barriers to PNC use were home delivery, lack of awareness of PNC service and schedule, and socio-cultural beliefs. The main identified facilitators of MHS use were previous experience and fear of obstetric complications, health extension workers and women’s development teams, and pregnant women's forum.Conclusions: Rural women still encounter several challenges when using MHS, even though communities have positive perceptions and good practices of skilled MHS. Bad experiences mothers faced in health facilities, challenges associated with the costs of MHS use, poor awareness of service, and unpredictable labour continued to be basic barriers to MHS use. Intervention approaches should consider inter-sectoral collaboration to address barriers at the community and health facility levels. The programs must emphasize the transportation arrangements during unpredictable labour, the needs of poor mothers, and women who have poor awareness of MHS at the community level.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1003.v1

Bacterial Profile, Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Associated Risk Factors of Urinary Tract Infection among Reproductive Age Females Attending the Logbaba District Hospital, Douala, Cameroon

Ngwa Fabrice Ambe, Pride Bobga Tanyi, Ekwi Damian Nsongmayi, Ebai Christabel Ashu, Sangwe Bertrand Ngwa, Ngong Judith Nyeme

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Bacterial profile; Antibiotic susceptibility; reproductive age females; risk factors; Urinary tract infection (UTI)

Online: 18 September 2023 (14:36:21 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the commonest bacterial infections among reproductive age females. Untreated UTI in reproductive age female is associated with sexual dysfunction, cystitis, pyelonephritis and Pelvic inflammatory disease. At present, the antimicrobial resistance emergency has quadrupled worldwide and poses a serious threat to the treatment of patients. Thus, this study aimed to determine bacterial profile, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors of urinary tract infection among reproductive age females attending the Logbaba District Hospital Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January – July, 2023. Convenient sampling was employed to recruit 259 reproductive age females. Sociodemographic and risk factors information were obtained using a well-structured questionnaire. Mid-stream urine was collected and inoculated on cystine lactose electrolyte deficient media. Isolates were identified using API 20. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed using modified kirby-bauer susceptibility testing technique. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to assessed risk factors. A p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of UTI among reproductive age females was 82/259 (31.66%). Symptomatic and asymptomatic patients reported a prevalence of 50/121(41.32%) and 32/138 (23.19%), respectively. Ages ranging from 21-30 years (AOR: 2.53 ,95% CI 1.32 – 4.43, p=0.006) and 31 – 40 years (AOR: 0.19 , 95% CI: 0.14- 0.54; p <0.0001), student (AOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.21 - 2.75; p = 0.010), history of UTI (5.34, 95% CI = 1.86 - 18.15; p = 0.03), symptomatic (AOR = 2.86, 95% CI1.78 - 4.67, p <0.0001) and secondary education (AOR: 0.13, 95% CI 0.08 - 0.32; p<0.0001) were predictors to UTI. Klebsiella Pneumoniae was the most frequent species 27 (32.9%), follow by E coli 22(26.8%), Staphylococcus aureus 16 (19.5%), CONS 8 (9.8%), Proteus mirabilis 6 (7.3 %) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3(3.7%). Majority of the isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime (87.80%), imipenem (85.7%), vancomycin (79.27%), Ofloxacillin (76.83%), Ceftriaxone (75.61%), Ciprofloxacin (74.39%), Gentamicin (71.95%) and Doxycycline (69.51%), and resistant to Amoxicillin (51.22%), cotrimoxazole (47.56%) and Azithromycin (31.71%) , All the isolates were multidrug drug resistant (100%) and Klebsiella Pneumoniae and E coli were the most multidrug drug resistant species Conclusion: In the present study, the prevalence of urinary tract infection among reproductive age females was high and considerably a high proportion of multidrug resistance was observed. This result will have a significant impact on the selection of appropriate antimicrobial agents for the treatment of urinary tract infection in the study area.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1738.v1

Zebrafish as an Emerging Model for Sarcopenia: Considerations, Current Insights, and Future Directions

Santiago Callegari, Foad Mirzaei, Lila Agbaria, Sanobar Shariff, Burhan Kantawala, Desmond Moronge, Brian M. O. Ogendi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: Sarcopenia; Zebrafish; Age-related muscle deficits; Aging; Biomarkers; Electrical Impedance Myography

Online: 26 September 2023 (13:38:16 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1702.v1

Dividing Time – An Absolute Chronological Study of Material Culture from Early Iron Age Urnfields in Denmark

Helene Rose, John Meadows

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Archaeology Keywords: Archaeology; Early Iron Age; typology; cremated bone; radiocarbon dating; Bayesian chronological modelling

Online: 28 November 2023 (02:02:39 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Chronological frameworks based on artefact typologies are essential for interpreting the archaeological record, but they inadvertently treat transitions between phases as abrupt events and disregard the temporality of transformation processes within and between individual phases. This study presents an absolute chronological investigation of a dynamic material culture from Early Iron Age urnfields in Denmark. The chronological framework of Early Iron Age in Southern Scandinavia is largely unconstrained by absolute dating, primarily due to it coinciding with the so-called ‘Hallstatt calibration plateau’ (c.750 to 400 cal BC), and it is difficult to correlate it with Central European chronologies due to a lack of imported artefacts. This study applies recent methodological advances in radiocarbon dating and Bayesian chronological modelling, specifically a statistical model for wood-age offsets in cremated bone and presents the first large-scale radiocarbon investigation of regional material culture from Early Iron Age in Southern Jutland, Denmark. Dated material is primarily cremated bone from 111 cremation burials from three urnfields. The study presents absolute date ranges for 16 types of pottery and 15 types of metalwork, which include most of the recognised metalwork types from the period. This provides new insights into gradual change in material culture, when certain artefact types were in production and primary use, how quickly types were taken up and later abandoned, and distinguishing periods of faster and slower change. The study also provides the first absolute chronology for the period, enabling correlation with chronologies from other regions. Urnfields were introduced at the Bronze-Iron Age transformation, which is often assumed to have occurred c.530-500 BC. We demonstrate that this transformation took place in the 7^th century BC, however, which revives the discussion of whether the final Bronze Age period VI should be interpreted as a transitional phase to the Iron Age.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0392.v2

Fusion Learning Methods for the Age-Related Macular Degeneration Detection Based on Multiple Sources of Ophthalmic Digital Data

Mini Han Wang, Junjie Zhou, Zhoujie Tang, Chengde Huang, Jie Yang, Lina Huang, Yi Pan, Kelvin KL Chong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Age-related Macular Degeneration; Artificial Intelligence; Machine Learning; Optical Coherence Tomography; Fundus Autofluorescence; regular fundus photography; Ultra-Widefield Fundus

Online: 8 May 2023 (14:25:29 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0861.v1

Pattern of Presentation and Risk Factor Prediction of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Kosovo

Afrim Poniku, Arlind Batalli, Dua Shita, Zarife Rexhaj, Arlind Ferati, Rita Leka, Artan Bajraktari, Genc Abdyli, Edmond Haliti, Pranvera Ibrahimi, Shpend Elezi, Faik Shatri, Ibadete Bytyçi, Michael Henein, Gani Bajraktari

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Myocardial infarction; risk factors; smoking; diabetes; arterial hypertension; age; gender

Online: 14 September 2023 (02:34:12 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0412.v1

Human Leukocyte Antigen-Allelic Variations May Influence the Age at Cancer Diagnosis in Lynch Syndrome

Lutricia Ndou, Ramadhani Chambuso, Ziyaad Valley-Omar, George Rebello, Paul Goldberg, Adam Boutall, Ursula Algar, Raj Ramesar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Lynch syndrome; colorectal cancer; germline pathogenic variant MLH1:c.1528C>; T; Human leukocyte antigen (HLA); age at cancer diagnosis; genetic risk modifiers; personalized cancer screening

Online: 7 March 2024 (07:36:11 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2034.v1

Does Iodine Intake Play a Role in Modifying the Relationship between Maternal Dysglycemia and Birth Weight?

Yaniv S. Ovadia, Dov Gefel, Yoel Toledano, Shani Rosen, Yael Avrahami-Benyounes, Ludmila Groisman, Efrat Rorman, Lihi Hen, Shlomo Fytlovich, Liora S Katz, Eyal Y Anteby, Simon Shenhav

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: iodine deficiency; glucose challenge test; large for gestational age; thyroglobulin; io-dine-containing supplements; maternal dysglycemia

Online: 30 May 2023 (04:08:48 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0784.v1

Beliz Su Gundogdud, John Gaitanis, James B. Adams, Daniel A. Rossignol, Richard E. Frye

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: antiepileptic drugs; age; autism spectrum disorder; epilepsy; ketogenic diet; mitochondrial dysfunction; modified Atkins diet; neurodevelopmental regression, seizures

Online: 12 June 2023 (07:23:54 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1047.v1

A Novel Non-Invasive Ocular Delivery Platform

Jenny Wang, Nonna Snider

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD); Cornea; docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); drug delivery; non-invasive ocular delivery platform (NIODP); ocular disease; omega-3; retina; retinal delivery; retinal dis

Online: 14 August 2023 (15:18:22 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0870.v1

Paleoproterozoic U Mineralization in Huayangchuan Deposit, Xiaoqinling Area: Evidence From the U-Rich Granitic Pegmatite

Putao Li, Yongjun Li, Pingyang Gu, Shiping He, Yujun Zhuang, Ruiming Chen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geochemistry And Petrology Keywords: Southern Margin of North China Craton; Xiaoqinling; Huayangchuan; Uranium; Pegmatite; Paleoproterozoic; Mineralization age

Online: 13 June 2023 (03:31:13 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

The Huayangchuan uranium deposit, located in the west of the Xiaoqinling belt on the southern margin of the North China Craton, is a polymetallic deposit dominated by U, Nb, Pb, and rare earth elements. The Huayangchuan uranium deposit, discovered in the 1950s, has long been known as a carbonatite-type uranium deposit. Recently, new geological work has found uranium mineralisation in many granitic pegmatite veins in the Huayangchuan deposit and adjacent areas. Here, we report a systematic investigation of the petrography, whole-rock geochemistry, zircon U-Pb ages, and in situ Lu-Hf isotopic characteristics of newly discovered U-rich granitic pegmatite veins in the west of Huayangchuan deposit. The petrological results showed that the lithology of the samples is equivalent to that of granite. The U-Pb ages of zircon were 1826.3 ± 7.9 and 1829 ± 11 Ma. Microscopically, the symbiotic characteristics of zircon, betafite, and uraninite exist in the intergranular fissures of K-feldspar and quartz, reflecting metallogenic phenomena in the rock formation process. Almost all whole-rock samples were rich in SiO2 (64.37–70.69 wt.%), total alkalis (K2O+Na2O = 8.50–10.30 wt.%), and Al2O3 (12.20–14.41 wt.%), but poor in Ti2O (0.23–0.73 wt.%), MgO (0.38–0.90 wt.%), P2O5 (0.14–0.83 wt.%), MnO (0.04–0.57 wt.%). Additionally, they showed enrichment of LILEs (such as Rb, Ba, Th, U, and K), depletion of HFSEs (such as Ta, Nb, P, Ti, and Hf), no alkaline dark minerals, and the characteristics are typical of intraplate A1-type granite. The A1-type granite displayed low zircon εHf(t) values (-19.42– -15.02) with zircon two-stage Hf model aged 3.10–2.76 Ga, indicating that the U-rich granitic pegmatite was derived predominantly from partial melting of the ancient continental crust (such as the early Taihua group formed in Archean-Neoarchean). Combined with the above results and regional geological data, the U-rich granitic pegmatite discovered in the Huayangchuan deposit was related to granite magma activity that formed in a post-collisional regime after the Luliang movement in the late Palaeoproterozoic. This study suggests that future uranium prospecting work in this area should focus on late Palaeoproterozoic U-rich granitic pegmatites.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0868.v1

The Relationship between Number of Supernumerary Blastocysts Cryopreserved and Probability of a Live Birth Outcome after Single Fresh Blastocyst Transfer: Analysis of over 10 Thousand Cycles

Yusuf Beebeejaun, Timothy Copeland, Lukasz Polanski, Tarek El Toukhy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: IVF; blastocyst transfer; cryopreservation; live birth; age

Online: 25 April 2023 (03:01:55 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

The ability to predict the likelihood of a live birth after single fresh embryo transfer is important for treatment planning and managing patient expectation, particularly in their first in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle. Cryopreservation of supernumerary embryos is often regarded as an important prognostic variable and a surrogate marker of success for several reasons. While previous large studies have examined the association between the number of oocytes retrieved and cleavage-stage embryos available, and the odds of a live birth following a fresh embryo transfer, the relationship between the number of supernumerary blastocysts cryopreserved following a fresh embryo transfer has not been rigorously studied. We performed a retrospective analysis of data collected between 2006 and 2018 for all first time IVF patients with a fresh autologous day 5 single blastocyst transfer. The relationship between the likelihood of a live birth and number of supernumerary blastocysts cryopreserved was assessed according to patient age group. In patients aged <35 years and 35-39 years old, the likelihood of a live birth increased linearly from 0.33 (95%CI:0.31–0.34) to 0.80 (95%CI:0.74–0.86; P<.0001) and 0.30 (95%CI:0.28–0.32) to 0.82 (95%CI:0.73–0.91;P<.0001) between 1-6 blastocysts cryopreserved and then non-linearly to 0.95 (95% CI 0.92–0.97; P<.0001) and 0.96 (95%CI:0.93–0.99; P<.0001) if 10 or more blastocysts were cryopreserved, respectively. When aged 40 years and above, the likelihood of a live birth increased linearly from 0.26 (95%CI:0.19–0.32) to 0.83 (95%CI:0.68–0.97; P<.0001) between 1-4 blastocysts cryopreserved and then non-linearly to 0.99 (95%CI:0.98–0.99; P<.0001) if 10 or more blastocysts were cryopreserved. The present study demonstrated a non-linear relationship between the number of supernumerary blastocysts cryopreserved and the likelihood of a live birth after single blastocyst transfer in the first autologous fresh IVF/ICSI cycle across different age groups.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2031.v1

The Impact of Hormesis, Neuronal Stress Response, and Reproduction, Upon Clinical Ageing: A Narrative Review

Marios Kyriazis, Lama Sawas, Tatiana Orlova

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: Hormesis; neuronal stress response; neuron-germline communication; neuron-germline conflict; cognitive challenges; enriched environment; age-related degeneration.

Online: 29 June 2023 (02:42:19 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1772.v1

Identification of Putative Causal Relationships Between Blood-Based Biomarkers and Prediabetes-Induced Senescence: A Comprehensive Review

Nonkululeko Avril Mbatha, Aganze Gloire-Aime Mushebenge, Andile Khathi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: prediabetes; senescence; blood-based biomarkers; aging; age-related diseases; inflammation; oxidative stress; vascular dynamics; metabolic disorders; chronic inflammation

Online: 29 November 2023 (04:48:13 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0668.v1

Treating Older Children with Clubfoot: Results of a Cross-Sectional Survey of Expert Practitioners

Grace Drury, Timothy R Nunn, Firaol Dandena, Tracey Smythe, Christopher B D Lavy

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Clubfoot; delayed presentation; walking age; neglected; immature; treatment; Ponseti; older child

Online: 9 August 2023 (05:04:19 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0738.v1

Effects of Physical Activity Program on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Neuromuscular Strategies During Walking in Older Adults With Sarcopenic Obesity: Randomized Controlled Trial

Hamza FERHI, Sabri GAIED CHORTANE, Sylvain DURAND, Bruno BEAUNE, Sebastien BOYAS, Wael MAKTOUF

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: age; obesity; gait; physical activity; neuromuscular system; sarcopenia

Online: 12 June 2023 (03:02:19 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0389.v1

Body Composition Estimation in Breeding Ewes Using Live Weight and Body Parameters Utilizing Image Analysis

Ahmad Shalaldeh, Shannon Page, Patricia Anthony, Stuart Charters, Majeed Safa, Chris Logan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: body composition; body condition score; body parameters; fat; live weight; ewes condition; im-age analysis

Online: 6 June 2023 (05:54:38 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0246.v1

Regional Health Divides: Understanding Inequities in Late Diagnosis of HIV in Tajikistan

Kamiar Alaei, Brian Kwan, Hamid R. Torabzadeh, Adebimpe O. Akinwalere, Sattorov S. Saydamirovich, Gafur Mohsinzoda, Arash Alaei

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: HIV detection; HIV testing; Tajikistan; Central Asia; regional disparities; rural areas; gender disparities; age; COVID-19; case study

Online: 5 March 2024 (10:51:12 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1387.v2

Uncovering the Blueprint of Aging: How Aging Causes Late-Life Disease

Carina Kern, Justin Stebbing

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: ageing; age-related disease; antagonistic pleiotropy; biological constraint; hyperfunction; hypofunction; programmatic ageing; trade-off ;

Online: 23 November 2023 (04:05:44 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

The evolutionary theory of aging, particularly antagonistic pleiotropy (AP), provides an account of the ultimate origins of aging. What remains unclear is the nature of the proximate mechanisms by which AP gives rise to diseases of aging, like cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Damage-centric theories focusing on loss of genetic and cellular function have been proposed, as well as programmatic theories focusing on unwanted gene and cellular function. The latter include the hyperfunction and developmental theory that view aging as the futile continuation, or run-on, of growth and developmental programmes into later life. Yet neither type of theory has performed well in explaining late-life disease aetiology, particularly with respect to disease onset, presentation and progression. What is proposed here in this review is a new programmatic theory of aging. We argue that the emergence of many specific diseases may involve quasi-programmes that are not the result of run-on, but rather are triggered by other factors in late life. Such triggers may be non-programmatic (e.g. infection, mechanical injury) or programmatic. Moreover, the consequent pre-pathological and pathological changes may in some cases trigger further changes, leading to futile and destructive cascades of quasi-programmes and pathology. The origins of triggered quasi-programmes can be traced to biological constraint i.e. the inability of organisms to optimise all functions at once. And, to some extent, the new theory presented here revises the understanding of AP. That is, because any gene can be triggered in an erroneous manner, every gene is potentially an AP gene that risks pathology, though level of risk varies according to constraint. To help validate the theory, we test it against several complex diseases of aging. The new model in this review attempts to provide a blueprint understanding that, to a certain extent, closes the gap in the causal chain of events between evolutionary causes of aging and the aetiology of age-related diseases. It also helps to explain why certain disorders mimic accelerated aging and how interventions, such as the suppression of IIS and mTOR retard many aspects of aging; notably, though, unlike prior programmatic theories, the new theory is not mTOR-centric. Finally, it provides new perspectives on possible treatment of aging.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0209.v1

Inflammation Indexes PLR, SII, AISI, MLR, and MCVL in Peripartum Treated Thrombophilia Peripartum Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section at Term

Catalina Filip, Roxana Covali, Demetra Socolov, Ingrid Andrada Vasilache, Alexandru Carauleanu, Mona Akad, Ioana Sadyie Scripcariu, Tudor Butureanu, Ioana Pavaleanu, Gabriela Dumachita-Sargu, Lucian Vasile Boiculese, Alina Melinte, Razvan Socolov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: thrombophilia; pregnancy; postpartum uterine ultrasonographic scale; SII; AISI; MLR; PLR; MCVL; Rh factor; age.

Online: 3 November 2023 (05:05:21 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0061.v1

Visual Outcomes of Anti-VEGF Treatment on Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Real-World Popula-Tion-Based Cohort Study

Ida Korva-Gurung, Anna-Maria Kubin, Pasi Ohtonen, Nina Hautala

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: neovascular age-related macular degeneration; visual outcomes; anti-VEGF; visual impairment; population-based cohort

Online: 1 June 2023 (08:10:15 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1283.v1

Understanding the Relationship between Extraversion and Life Satisfaction, with Special Emphasis on the Interaction with Age

Felix Bittmann

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: extraversion; age; life satisfaction; happiness; well being; correlation analysis; regression analysis; functional form

Online: 19 June 2023 (04:16:37 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0353.v1

Impact of COVID-19 on Quality of Life in Long-term Advanced Rectal Cancer Survivors

Daniel Anton Blasko, Claudia Schweizer, Tim Fitz, Christoph Schröter, Christopher Sörgel, Annett Kallies, Rainer Fietkau, Luitpold Valentin Distel

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: quality of life; COVID-19; pandemic; rectal cancer; radiochemotherapy; age; sex; stage

Online: 5 May 2023 (10:39:38 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2066.v1

Age-Friendly Approach Is a Necessary Condition to Prevent Depopulation: The Age-Friendliness Evaluation of Japanese Municipalities by Resident Architectural Designers and Constructors

Kazumasa Yamada, Kenta Murotani, Makiko Mano, Youngmi Lim, Jun Yoshimatsu

Subject: Social Sciences, Demography Keywords: age-friendliness; aging society; rural aging; urban aging; demographic aging; depopulation; land price; single person household; outdoor spaces; Japan

Online: 29 June 2023 (05:20:44 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1503.v1

Characteristics of Preoperative Arteriosclerosis Evaluated by Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Patients With Osteoarthritis Before Total Knee Arthroplasty

Yoshinori Ishii, HIdeo Noguchi, Junko Sato, Ikuko Takahashi, Hana Ishii, Ryo Ishii, Kei Ishii, Kai Ishii, Shin-ichi Toyabe

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: osteoarthritis; arteriosclerosis; cardio-ankle vascular index; total knee arthroplasty; age; body mass index

Online: 21 June 2023 (08:28:00 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0542.v1

A Simplified Screening Model to Predict the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Caucasian and Latin American Pregnant Women

María Arnoriaga-Rodríguez, Irene Serrano, Mateo Paz-Cabezas, Ana Barabash, Johanna Valerio, Laura Del Valle, Rocio Martin O´Connor, Verónica Melero, María Paz De Miguel Novoa, Angel Díiaz, Cristina Familiar, Inmaculada Moraga, Mario Pazos, Mercedes Martinez-Novillo, Miguel Ángel Rubio Herrera, Clara Marcuello, Ana M. Ramos-Leví, Pilar Matía-Martín, Alfonso Calle-Pascual

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; Caucasian; Latin American; age; body mass index; fasting plasma glucose; single-nucleotide polymorphisms.; women

Online: 11 March 2024 (09:29:04 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2223.v1

Study of the Metrorrhagia of the First Trimester. Early Pregnancy Loss, Importance of Advanced Maternal Age

Laura Baños Cándenas, Daniel Abehsera Davó, Lucía Castaño Frías, Ernesto González Mesa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: First trimester bleeding; Metrorrhagia of the first trimester; Miscarriage; abortion; Early pregnancy loss; Advanced maternal age; emergency room; Preeclampsia; Gestational diabetes; prematurity.

Online: 30 June 2023 (12:25:22 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the bleeding that occurs during the first weeks of gestation and its implications throughout pregnancy. Secondarily, we studied the associated complications that appeared and tried to identify possible risk factors that could serve to select women at a greater risk of adverse outcomes that could benefit from an early diagnosis and improved monitoring. Materials and Methods: We selected all the women who consulted for first trimester metrorrhagia in the Emergency Department of the Hospital QuirónSalud in Malaga over the year 2015. We refer to first trimester metrorrhagia as that which occurs until week 12+6. Once the pregnant women were identified, we studied certain risk factors already present prior to the gestation and others associated with the gestation and its evolution. Results: After reviewing the visits to the obstetrics and gynecology emergency department, we selected those patients that met the inclusion criteria, resulting in a sample of 696 patients that we followed up. The average age of our patients was 34.1 years, with an average number of visits to the hospital of 1.67, most of them between the 5th and 8th weeks of pregnancy. 45.3% of these pregnancies resulted in a first trimester miscarriage, mainly between weeks 6 and 8. We tried to establish associations in order to identify possible risk factors, finding a relationship between increased maternal age and a higher risk of first trimester pregnancy loss, which rises as maternal age increases (33,37 4,316 years vs 35,01 4,740 years). This increase in risk is proportional to the increase in age. We made subgroups of women over 35 and over 40 and confirmed that increased age led to worse outcomes. We also studied several gestational complications and concluded that they appeared more frequently among older women. These complications include prematurity (33.11 vs 34.48 years), gestational diabetes (33.11 vs 36.06 years) and preeclampsia (33.25 vs 35 years). We reviewed the obstetric history of pregnant women whose gestation resulted in miscarriage and found that 50.5% of them had previously had another loss. Conclusions: Comparing the results with data from the general population, we found that the rate of first trimester miscarriage is up to 3 times higher among women who present bleeding during the first weeks of gestation compared to those who do not develop this complication. Maternal age is a risk factor for first trimester pregnancy loss and for the development of complications associated with pregnancy.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0832.v1

Age of Onset Moderates the Association Between Total Antioxi-Dant Capacity and Cognitive Deficits in Patients With Drug-Naïve Schizophrenia

Jiaxin Li, Deyang Li, Junru Guo, Dongmei Wang, Xiangyang Zhang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: schizophrenia; age of onset; TAOC; cognitive function; oxidative stress

Online: 24 April 2023 (06:22:23 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1322.v1

Age and Task Modulate Olfactory Sensitivity in the Florida Carpenter Ant Camponotus floridanus

Stephen T Ferguson, Isaac Bakis, Nicholas D Edwards, Laurence J Zwiebel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: hymenoptera; olfaction; odor coding; task allocation; age polyethism; aging

Online: 19 July 2023 (10:03:17 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1188.v1

Consumer Decision Making Model Process but as Independent Factors: And Its Influence on Purchasing Behavior

Andy Ismail, Yenny Maya Dora, Taofik Hidajat

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Marketing Keywords: Consumer decision making; paradigm shift; purchasing behavior; independent variable; digital age; diversity; social factors; psychological factors; contextual factors

Online: 21 February 2024 (11:38:02 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1896.v2

Relationship of Maternal Age and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) with Traumatic Sequelae in Commercially Sexually Exploited Youth

Kirsten Byrnes, HaeSung Han, Kie Fujii

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: trafficked youth and trauma; ACEs; early maternal age; teen pregnancy; exploitation and trauma; self-harm; psychological trauma

Online: 18 August 2023 (07:25:07 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1028.v1

Obesity Hormone Function in Aging Eyes: Linking Adiponectin and its Receptors to AMD

Mayank Choubey, Munichandra B Tirumalasetty, Nalini S. Bora, Puran S. Bora

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: Obesity; Adiponectin (APN); Adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs); Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD); Dry AMD; Wet AMD; Choroidal neovascularization (CNV); Angiogenesis; Inflammation

Online: 15 September 2023 (13:36:29 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

In recent years, the interaction between adiponectin (APN), a versatile fat-associated adipokines, and eye disorders has become a captivating focus of interest. Unveiling the intricate relationship between APN and its receptors (AdipoRs) with aging eye disorders has emerged as a fascinating frontier in medical research. This review article delves into this captivating connection, illuminating the hidden influence of adipocytokine, APN on retinal health. This comprehensive review critically examines the latest findings and breakthroughs that underscore the pivotal roles of APN/AdipoRs signaling in maintaining ocular homeostasis and protecting against eye ailments. Here, we meticulously explore the intriguing mechanisms by which APN protein influences retinal function, lens clarity, and overall visual acuity. Drawing from an extensive array of cutting-edge studies, the article highlights APN's multifaceted functions, ranging from anti-inflammatory properties and oxidative stress reduction to angiogenic regulation within retinal and macula tissues. The involvement of APN/AdipoRs in mediating these effects opens up novel avenues for potential therapeutic interventions targeting prevalent aging eye conditions. Moreover, this review unravels the interplay between APN signaling pathways and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The single-cell RNA seq results validate the expression of both the receptor isoform (AdipoR1/R2) in retinal cells. The transcriptomic analysis showed lower expression of AdipoR1/2 in dry AMD pathogenesis compared to healthy subjects. The inhibitory peptide (APN1) demonstrated over 75% suppression of CNV, whereas the control peptide did not exert any inhibitory effect on CNV. The elucidation of these relationships fosters a deeper under-standing of adipose tissue's profound influence on ocular health, presenting new prospects for personalized treatments and preventative measures. In conclusion, "Obesity Hormone's Role in Aging Eyes: Linking Adiponectin/AdipoRs to AMD" provides a captivating journey into the enthralling world of APN intertwining the realms of adipose biology and aged ophthalmology.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1886.v1

Pathogens Have Different Age/Sex Profiles for Hospital Admission and Why COVID-19 Variants Behave as If They Were ‘Different’ Pathogens

Rodney P. Jones, Andrey Ponomarenko

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 disease; sex; age; pathogens; hospital admissions; gender ratio; small noncoding RNAs

Online: 27 September 2023 (10:42:22 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0810.v1

Differences in Central and Peripheral Choroidal Thickness Among the Subtypes of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Yosuke Fukuda, Shoji Notomi, Satomi Shiose, Kumiko Kano, Sawako Hashimoto, Kohta Fujiwara, Masato Akiyama, Keijiro Ishikawa, Toshio Hisatomi, Koh-Hei Sonoda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: age-related macular degeneration; pachychoroid spectrum disease; polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy; pachychoroid neovasculopathy; ultra-wide-field swept-source optical coherent tomography

Online: 10 August 2023 (05:34:57 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0469.v1

Dynamical Analysis of an Age-Structured Sveir Model With Imperfect Vaccine

Yanshu Wang, Hailiang Zhang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematical And Computational Biology Keywords: SVEIR model; latent age; imperfect vaccine; Lyapunov functions; stability

Online: 7 June 2023 (02:32:37 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1249.v1

The Relationship between Jealousy and Mate Retention Strategies in Romantic Relationships among Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Paulina Degiuli, Lea Andreis, Dario Vučenović

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: jealousy; partner retention strategies; romantic relationship; age; relationship length

Online: 20 October 2023 (08:06:42 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0313.v1

Age Estimation in Brazilian Adult Subpopulation by Calculating the Pulp/Tooth Ratio of the Maxillary Canine and Mandibular Second Premolar in Panoramic and Periapical Radiographs

Ismar Nery-Neto, Orlando Aguirre Guedes, Lucas Rodrigues de Araújo Estrela, Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra, Cyntia Rodrigues de Araújo Estrela, Carlos Estrela

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: human identification; age estimation by teeth; forensic dental radiography; forensic science; forensic dentistry

Online: 6 February 2024 (09:17:41 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1771.v1

Evidence of Age Estimation Procedures in Forensic Dentistry: Results from an Umbrella Review

João Albernaz Neves, Luísa Bandeira Lopes, Vanessa Machado, João Botelho, Ana Delgado, José João Mendes

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: forensic dentistry; age estimation; dental maturation; umbrella review

Online: 27 October 2023 (09:26:27 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0180.v1

Recent Advances on Imaging for Late-Stage Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Anny M.S. Cheng, Kakarla V. Chalam, Vikram S. Brar, David T.Y. Yang, Jineel Bhatt, Raphael G. Banoub, Shailesh K. Gupta

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: Age-related macular degeneration; confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope; fundus autofluorescence; macular atrophy; microperimetry; multifocal electroretinogram; optical coherence tomography angiography; optical coherence tomography

Online: 4 October 2023 (07:41:14 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1154.v1

Effect of Community-Based Health Education Led by Women’s Groups on Mothers’ Knowledge of Obstetric Danger Signs and Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness Practices in Southern Ethiopia: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Amanuel Yoseph, Wondwosen Teklesilasie, Francisco Guillen-Grima, Ayalew Astatkie

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Health education; obstetric danger signs; birth preparedness; complications readiness; women of reproductive age; cluster randomized controlled trial; multi-level analysis; Poisson regression; Ethiopia

Online: 18 December 2023 (02:54:41 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

AbstractIntroduction: Increasing knowledge of obstetric danger signs (ODS) and encouraging birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) practices are strategies to increase skilled maternal health service utilization in low-income countries. One of the methods to increase mothers' knowledge about ODS and promote BPCR practice is through health education intervention (HEI). However, the effect of context-specific community-based health education led by women's groups on these outcomes has not been comprehensively studied, and the existing evidence is inconclusive. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of a context-specific community-based HEI led by women's groups on mothers' knowledge regarding ODS and BPCR practices in southern Ethiopia.Methods: An open-label, two-arm parallel group cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted from January to August 2023 on pregnant women from 24 clusters (kebeles) (12 interventions and 12 controls) in the northern zone of the Sidama region. The Open Data Kit smartphone application was utilized to collect data. The intention-to-treat analysis was used to compare outcomes between groups. We fitted multi-level mixed-effects modified Poisson regression with robust standard error to account for between and within cluster effects. Results: One thousand and seventy pregnant women (540 in the intervention and 530 in the control clusters) responded to this study, making the overall response rate 95.02%. Excessive vaginal bleeding (94.3% in the interventional group vs. 88.7% in the control group) was the commonest ODS mentioned during childbirth. Overall, 68.7% of women in the intervention group and 36.2% of mothers in the control group had good knowledge of ODS (P-value < 0.001). Saving money and materials (97.1% in the interventional group vs. 92.7% in the control group) was the most frequently practiced BPCR plan. Overall, 64.3% of women in the intervention group and 38.9% of mothers in the control group practiced BPCR (P-value < 0.001). HEI significantly increased overall knowledge of ODS (adjusted risk ratio [ARR]: 1.71; 99% CI: 1.14-2.57) and improved overall BPCR practice (ARR: 1.55; 99% CI: 1.02-2.39). Conclusions: A community-based HEI led by women's groups improved mothers' knowledge regarding ODS and BPCR practices in a rural setting in southern Ethiopia. Interventions designed to increase women's knowledge of ODS and improve BPCR practice must implement context-specific, community-based HEI that aligns with World Health Organization recommendations. Trial registration: NCT05865873

Search Results

260 articles found