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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0057.v2

Early Hydroxychloroquine Is Associated with an Increase of Survival in COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study

Francisco Javier Membrillo, Germán Ramírez-Olivencia, Miriam Estébanez, Begoña de Dios, María Dolores Herrero, Tatiana Mata, Alberto M. Borobia, Carlos Gutiérrez, María Simón, Ana Ochoa, Yolanda Martínez, Alejandro Aguirre, Francisco de Asís Alcántara, Pablo Fernández-González, Elena López, Paula Valle, Sergio Campos, María Navarro, Lucía Elena Ballester

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; treatment; drug; survival; antiviral; hydroxychloroquine

Online: 9 May 2020 (04:45:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0061.v1

Deep Learning Based Drug Screening for Novel Coronavirus 2019-nCov

Haiping Zhang, Konda Mani Saravanan, Yang Yang, Md. Tofazzal Hossain, Junxin Li, Xiaohu Ren, Yanjie Wei

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Coronavirus; Deep learning; Drug screening; homology modeling; main protease

Online: 5 February 2020 (10:59:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0047.v1

Possible Inhibitors of ACE2, the Receptor of 2019-nCoV

Qinghua Cui, Chuanbo Huang, Xiangwen Ji, Wanlu Zhang, Fenghong Zhang, Liang Wang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: 2019-nCoV; therapeutic strategies; drug; ACE2

Online: 4 February 2020 (10:59:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0360.v2

TMPRSS2 Transcriptional Inhibition as a Therapeutic Strategy for COVID-19

Xinchen Wang, Ryan Dhindsa, Gundula Povysil, Anthony Zoghbi, Joshua Motelow, Joseph Hostyk, Nicholas Nickols, Matthew Rettig, David B. Goldstein

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; transcriptional inhibition; COVID-19; drug repurposing; TMPRSS2

Online: 28 April 2020 (09:39:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0152.v1

Cropping up Crisis at the Nexus Between COVID-19 and AMR in Africa: A Scoping Review and Synthesis of Early Evidence

Girma Gutema, Gadissa Homa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19 impacts; Antimicrobial resistance; Africa

Online: 7 May 2021 (16:21:37 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0122.v2

Can Melatonin Reduce the Severity of COVID-19 Pandemic?

Alex Shneider, Aleksandr Kudriavtsev, Anna Vakhrusheva

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: melatonin; coronavirus; pandemic; SARS-CoV-2; bat; lung; apoptosis; programmed cell death; mortality; morbidity; COVID-19; drug

Online: 9 April 2020 (09:24:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0349.v1

In Silico Identification of Potent COVID-19 Main Protease Inhibitors from FDA Approved Antiviral Compounds and Active Phytochemicals through Molecular Docking: A Drug Repurposing Approach

Vaishali Chandel, Sibi Raj, Brijesh Rathi, Dhruv Kumar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: novel coronavirus; COVID-19; protease; molecular docking; drug designing; ADME; drug repurposing

Online: 23 March 2020 (09:47:49 CET)

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The Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA ((+)ssRNA) virus. The COVID-19 Main Proteases play very important role in the propagation of the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). It has already killed more than 8000 people around the world and thousands of people are getting infected every day. Therefore, it is very important to identify a potential inhibitor against COVID-19 Main Proteases to inhibit the propagation of the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). We have applied a drug repurposing approach of computational methodology, depending on the synergy of molecular docking and virtual screening techniques, aimed to identify possible potent inhibitors against Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) from FDA approved antiviral compounds and from the library of active phytochemicals. On the basis of recently resolved COVID-19 Main Protease crystal structure (PDB:6LU7), the library of 100 FDA approved antiviral compounds and 1000 active components of Indian Medicinal Plants extracted for screening against COVID-19 Main Protease. The compounds were further screened using Pyrex virtual screening tool and then best inhibitors, top 19 compounds optimally docked to the COVID-19 Main Protease structure to understand the participation of specific amino acids with inhibitors at active sites. Total 19 best compounds were identified after screening based on their highest binding affinity with respect to the other screened compounds. Out of 19, 6 best compounds were further screened based on their binding affinity and best ADME properties. Nelfinavir exhibited highest binding energy -8.4 kcal/mol and strong stability with the TRP207, ILE281, LEU282, PHE3, PHE291, GLN127, ARG4, GLY283, GLU288, LYS5, LYS137, TYR126, GLY138, TYR126, SER139 and VAL135 amino acid residues of COVID-19 Main Protease participating in the interaction at the binding pocket. In addition to Nelfinavir (-8.4), Rhein (-8.1), Withanolide D (-7.8), Withaferin A (-7.7), Enoxacin (-7.4), and Aloe-emodin (-7.4) also showed good binding affinity and best ADME properties. Our findings suggest that these compounds can be used as potential inhibitors against COVID-19 Main Protease, which could be helpful in inhibiting the propagation of the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). Moreover, further in vitro and in vivo validation of these findings would be very helpful to bring these inhibitors to next level study.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0418.v2

Virtual Screening Based Prediction of Potential Drugs for COVID-19

Sekhar Talluri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: virtual screening; molecular docking; drug repurposing; drug repositioning; anti-viral drugs; Coronavirus; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 9 March 2020 (02:29:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0413.v1

Ontological and Bioinformatic Analysis of Anti-Coronavirus Drugs and Their Implication for Drug Repurposing against COVID-19

Yingtong Liu, Wallace K.B. Chan, Zhigang Wang, Junguk Hur, Jiangan Xie, Hong Yu, Yongqun He

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: coronavirus; drug; COVID-19; SARS; MERS; ontology; ChEBI; NDF-RT; DrON; bioinformatics

Online: 29 March 2020 (01:58:40 CET)

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Coronavirus-infected diseases have posed great threats to human health. In past years, highly infectious coronavirus-induced diseases, including COVID-19, SARS, and MERS, have resulted in world-wide severe infections. Our literature annotations identified 110 chemical drugs and 26 antibodies effective against at least one human coronavirus infection in vitro or in vivo. Many of these drugs inhibit viral entry to cells and viral replication inside cells or modulate host immune responses. Many antimicrobial drugs, including antimalarial (e.g., chloroquine and mefloquine) and antifungal (e.g., terconazole and rapamycin) drugs as well as antibiotics (e.g., teicoplanin and azithromycin) were associated with anti-coronavirus activity. A few drugs, including remdesivir, chloroquine, favipiravir, and tocilizumab, have already been reported to be effective against SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro or in vivo. After mapping our identified drugs to three ontologies ChEBI, NDF-RT, and DrON, many features such as roles and mechanisms of action (MoAs) of these drugs were identified and categorized. For example, out of 57 drugs with MoA annotations in NDF-RT, 47 have MoAs of different types of inhibitors and antagonists. A total of 29 anticoronaviral drugs are anticancer drugs with the antineoplastic role. Two clustering analyses, one based on ChEBI-based semantic similarity, the other based on drug chemical similarity, were performed to cluster 110 drugs to new categories. Moreover, differences in physicochemical properties among the drugs were found between those inhibiting viral entry and viral replication. A total of 163 host genes were identified as the known targets of 68 anti-coronavirus drugs, resulting in a network of 428 interactions among these drugs and targets. Chlorpromazine, dasatinib, and anisomycin are the hubs of the drug-target network with the highest number of connected target proteins. Many enriched pathways such as calcium signaling and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways were identified. These findings may be used to facilitate drug repurposing against COVID-19.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0440.v1

COVID-19: A Drug Repurposing and Biomarker Identification by Using Comprehensive Gene-Disease Associations through Protein-Protein Interaction Network Analysis

Suresh Kumar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; 2019-nCoV; novel corona virus; drug repurposing; chloroquine; high-risk group; asymptomatic

Online: 30 March 2020 (07:24:16 CEST)

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COVID-19 (2019-nCoV) is a pandemic disease with an estimated mortality rate of 3.4% (estimated by the WHO as of March 3, 2020). Until now there is no antiviral drug and vaccine for COVID-19. The current overwhelming situation by COVID-19 patients in hospitals is likely to increase in the next few months. About 15 percent of patients with serious disease in COVID-19 require immediate health services. Rather than waiting for new anti-viral drugs or vaccines that take a few months to years to develop and test, several researchers and public health agencies are attempting to repurpose medicines that are already approved for another similar disease and have proved to be fairly effective. This study aims to identify FDA approved drugs that can be used for drug repurposing and identify biomarkers among high- risk and asymptomatic groups. In this study gene-disease association related to COVID-19 reported mild, severe symptoms and clinical outcomes were determined. The high-risk group was studied related to SARS-CoV-2 viral entry and life cycle by using Disgenet and compared with curated COVID-19 gene data sets from the CTD database. The overlapped gene sets were enriched and the selected genes were constructed for protein-protein interaction networks. Through interactome, key genes were identified for COVID-19 and also for high risk and asymptomatic groups. The key hub genes involved in COVID-19 were VEGFA, TNF, IL-6, CXCL8, IL10, CCL2, IL1B, TLR4, ICAM1, MMP9. The identified key genes were used for drug-gene interaction for drug repurposing. The chloroquine, lenalidomide, pentoxifylline, thalidome, sorafenib, pacitaxel, rapamycin, cortisol, statins were proposed to be probable drug repurposing candidates for the treatment of COVID-19. However, these predicted drug candidates need to be validated through randomized clinical trials. Also, a key gene involved in high risk and the asymptomatic group were identified, which can be used as probable biomarkers for early identification.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0376.v1

Computational Strategies to Combat COVID-19: Useful Tools to Accelerate SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Research

Franziska Hufsky, Kevin Lamkiewicz, Alexandre Almeida, Abdel Aouacheria, Cecilia Arighi, Alex Bateman, Jan Baumbach, Niko Beerenwinkel, Christian Brandt, Marco Cacciabue, Sara Chuguransky, Oliver Drechsel, Robert D. Finn, Adrian Fritz, Stephan Fuchs, Georges Hattab, Anne-Christin Hauschild, Dominik Heider, Marie Hoffmann, Martin Hölzer, Stefan Hoops, Lars Kaderali, Ioanna Kalvari, Max von Kleist, René Kmiecinski, Denise Kühnert, Gorka Lasso, Pieter Libin, Markus List, Hannah F. Löchel, Maria J. Martin, Roman Martin, Julian Matschinske, Alice C. McHardy, Pedro Mendes, Jaina Mistry, Vincent Navratil, Eric Nawrocki, Áine Niamh O'Toole, Nancy Palacios-Ontiveros, Anton I. Petrov, Guillermo Rangel-Piñeros, Nicole Redaschi, Susanne Reimering, Knut Reinert, Alejandro Reyes, Lorna Richardson, David L. Robertson, Sepideh Sadegh, Joshua B. Singer, Kristof Theys, Chris Upton, Marius Welzel, Lowri Williams, Manja Marz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: virus bioinformatics; SARS-CoV-2; sequencing; epidemiology; drug design; tools

Online: 23 May 2020 (11:01:11 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0006.v1

COVID-19 Pandemic: Can Maintaining Optimal Zinc Balance Enhance Host Resistance?

Mohammed S. Razzaque

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: zinc; antiviral; COVID-19; pandemic; host resistance

Online: 1 April 2020 (09:30:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0242.v1

Long-Haul COVID-19: Putative Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, and Treatments

Shin Jie Yong

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; long-haul; inflammation; tissue damage; drug repurposing

Online: 10 December 2020 (09:42:20 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0234.v1

Epidemiological Challenges in Pandemic Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Role of Artificial Intelligence

Abhijit Dasgupta, Abhisek Bakshi, Srijani Mukherjee, Kuntal Das, Soumyajeet Talukdar, Pratyayee Chatterjee, Sagnik Mondal, Puspita Das, Subhrojit Ghosh, Archisman Som, Pritha Roy, Rima Kundu, Akash Sarkar, Arnab Biswas, Karnelia Paul, Sujit Basak, Krishnendu Manna, Chinmay Saha, Satinath Mukhopadhyay, Nitai P. Bhattacharyya, Rajat K. De

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: SIRD; Twitter; GHSI; Pre-symptomatic; EHR; Contact tracing; On-line survey; qRT-PCR; X-ray; CT/HRCT; CNN; Autoencoder; Drug affinity; CPI; and Inflation.

Online: 14 May 2020 (11:25:57 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0108.v1

COVID-19: Comprehensive Synopsis of Suggested Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Repurposed Drugs

Mathijs Binkhorst, Annette K. Offringa, Johannes G. van der Hoeven

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus; hypothesis; pathophysiology; drug repurposing

Online: 7 July 2020 (02:50:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0248.v2

Super-Multi-Junction Solar Cell, Device Configuration with the Potential of More Than 50 % of the Annual Energy Conversion Efficiency (Non-Concentration)

Kenji Araki, Yasuyuki Ota, Hiromu Saiki, Hiroki Tawa, Kensuke Nishioka, Masafumi Yamaguchi

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: tandem; solar cell; multi-junction; performance ratio; spectrum; modeling; radiative coupling; luminescence coupling

Online: 14 October 2019 (09:56:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0068.v2

Discovery of Multi-Target-Directed Ligands by Targeting Host-specific SARS-CoV-2’s Structurally Conserved Main Protease

Rakesh Joshi, Shounak Jagdale, Sneha Bansode, S. Shiva Shankar, Meenakshi Tellis, Vaibhav Kumar Pandya, Ashok Giri, Mahesh Kulkarni

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: coronavirus; COVID-19; hACE-2; MPro; multi-target-directed ligand; protease inhibito; RdRp; SARS-CoV-2 virus

Online: 9 April 2020 (05:13:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0071.v1

Drug and Vaccine Design against Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Spike Protein through Computational Approach

Suresh Kumar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: 2019-nCoV; novel corona virus; Wuhan virus; drug; vaccine; spike protein; epitope; vaccine design

Online: 5 February 2020 (15:34:15 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0144.v6

Discovery and Development of Safe-in-Man Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents

Petter I. Andersen, Aleksandr Ianevski, Hilde Lysvand, Astra Vitkauskiene, Valentyn Oksenych, Magnar Bjoras, Kaidi Telling, Irja Lutsar, Uga Dumpis, Yasuhiko Irie, Tanel Tenson, Anu Kantele, Denis E. Kainov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: virus; antiviral drug; drug discovery; drug development; broad-spectrum antivirals

Online: 14 February 2020 (02:27:24 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0179.v1

Explicit Treatment of Non Michaelis-Menten and Atypical Kinetics in Early Drug Discovery

Bharath Srinivasan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Non Michaelis-Menten Kinetics; High-throughput screening; allostery; cooperativity; processive kinetics; distributive kinetics; single-molecule; auto-catalytic; drug discovery

Online: 8 October 2020 (13:34:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.3390/sci2020045

Antimalarial Drugs in Ghana: A Case Study on Personal Preferences

Prince Yeboah, Arnold Donkor Forkuo, Obed Kwabena Offe Amponsah, Nana Ofori Adomako, Ahmad Yaman Abdin, Muhammad Jawad Nasim, Pitsch Werner, Anto Berko Panyin, Eike Emrich, Claus Jacob

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: adverse drug reactions; antimalarial; Ghana; herbal remedies; malaria; questionnaire; street sale; orthodox; unnatural medicines; patient preference

Online: 12 June 2020 (00:00:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0091.v1

Evidence-Based Evaluation of PCR Diagnostics for SARS-Cov-2 and The Omicron Variants by Sanger Sequencing

Sin Hang Lee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV; RT-PCR; Sanger sequencing; RT-qPCR; receptor-binding domain (RBD); N-terminal domain (NTD); Omicron; multi-allelic SNPs; false-positive

Online: 12 April 2022 (03:57:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0197.v1

A Machine Learning Approach for Air Quality Prediction: Model Regularization and Optimization

Dixian Zhu, Changjie Cai, Tianbao Yang, Xun Zhou

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: air pollutant prediction; multi-task learning; regularization; analytical solution

Online: 28 December 2017 (09:09:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0397.v1

Genetic Uniformity of a Specific Region in SARS-CoV-2 Genome and In-Silico Target-Oriented Repurposing of N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine

Omur Baysal, Ragip Soner Silme, Cagatay Karaaslan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Drug repurposing; N-acetyl-D-glucosamine; ORF1ab; Biodata mining; Protein modelling

Online: 24 May 2020 (18:49:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0119.v1

Resistance to Rose Rosette Virus and Transmission Attributes

Patrick L. Di Bello, Thanuja Thekke-Veetil, Tobiasz Druciarek, Ioannis E. Tzanetakis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: transmission; resistance; detection, Emaravirus

Online: 27 October 2016 (11:50:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0036.v1

High Resolution Satellite Image Classification Using Multi-Task Joint Sparse and Low-Rank Representation

Kunlun Qi, Wenxuan Liu, Chao Yang, Qingfeng Guan, Huayi Wu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: multi-task learning; feature fusion; sparse representation; low-rank representation; scene classification

Online: 7 November 2016 (05:25:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0317.v3

Effects of Boswellia serrata Roxb. and Curcuma longa L. in an In Vitro Intestinal Inflammation Model Using Immune Cells and Caco-2

Paolo Governa, Maddalena Marchi, Veronica Cocetta, Bianca De Leo, Philippa T. K. Saunders, Daniela Catanzaro, Elisabetta Miraldi, Monica Montopoli, Marco Biagi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Boswellia serrata Roxb.; Curcuma longa L.; intestinal bowel diseases (IBD); Caco-2; PBMC; HMC-1.1; mast cells; cytokines; trans epithelial electrical resistance (TEER); reactive oxygen species (ROS)

Online: 8 November 2018 (04:53:46 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0044.v1

Three Decades of Selecting Honey Bees that Survive Infestations by the Parasitic Mite Varroa destructor: Outcomes, Limitations and Strategy

Matthieu Guichard, Vincent Dietemann, Markus Neuditschko, Benjamin Dainat

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Apis mellifera; host–parasite relationship; natural selection; resistance; selective breeding; Varroa destructor

Online: 3 March 2020 (11:53:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0025.v1

A Protocol for Identifying Potentially Repurposable Drugs Using Online Tools and Databases

Aditi Chattopadhyay, Madhavi Ganapathiraju

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: drug repurposing; translational bioinformatics; transcriptomics; transcriptome analysis; drug discovery; protocol; gene expression

Online: 9 October 2016 (08:42:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0481.v1

Methylphenidate and Alprazolam Co-Abuse: Drug-DNA Interactions

Shweta Sharma, Meenu Dutt, Neha Sharma, Ravinder Naik Dharavath, Tanzeer Kaur

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Drug-DNA interaction; FTIR; Polydrug-abuse; UV-visible spectrophotometer

Online: 23 October 2020 (10:36:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0075.v3

A Robust Liquid Chromatographic Method for Confirmation of Drug Stability of Azithromycin in Bulk Samples, Tablets and Suspensions

Alex O. Okaru, Kennedy O. Abuga, Franco N. Kamau, Stanley N. Ndwigah, Dirk W. Lachenmeier

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: azithromycin; HPLC; robust; isocratic; drug stability; degradation products

Online: 4 January 2017 (10:08:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0133.v3

Comparison of Stochastic and Machine Learning Methods for Multi-Step Ahead Forecasting of Hydrological Processes

Georgia Papacharalampous, Hristos Tyralis, Demetris Koutsoyiannis

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: multi-step ahead forecasting; neural networks; random forests; stochastic vs machine learning models; support vector machines; time series

Online: 17 January 2019 (15:51:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0027.v1

Impaired Adipose Tissue Expansion Caused by LXR Activation is Associated with Insulin Resistance in HFD Mice

Yueting Dong, Zhiye Xu, Ziyi Zhang, Xueyao Yin, Xihua Lin, Qianqian Pan, Hong Li, Fenping Zheng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: Liver X receptor (LXR); Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ); Adipose expansion; Insulin resistance

Online: 10 October 2016 (07:56:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0003.v1

Bio-Inspired Manufacturing Multi-Agent System for Control and Coordination of AGV Systems

Branislav Micieta, Lukas Durica, Vladimira Binasova

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: industrial automation; autonomous design; multi-agent systems; industry 4.0; biologically inspired techniques; AGV systems; energy efficiency

Online: 1 September 2016 (10:48:48 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Multi-Level Convergence of Complex Traits and the Evolution of Bioluminescence

Emily S. Lau, Todd H. Oakley

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: multi-level convergence; evolution; bioluminescence; biological organization; complex trait

Online: 15 December 2020 (10:20:12 CET)

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Evolutionary convergence provides natural opportunities to investigate how, when, and why novel traits evolve. Many convergent traits are complex, highlighting the importance of explicitly considering convergence at different levels of biological organization, or ‘multi‐level convergent evolution’. To investigate multi‐level convergent evolution, we propose a holistic and hierarchical framework that emphasizes breaking down traits into several functional modules. We begin by identifying long‐standing questions on the origins of complexity and the diverse evolutionary processes underlying phenotypic convergence to discuss how they can be addressed by examining convergent systems. We argue that bioluminescence, a complex trait that evolved dozens of times through either novel mechanisms or conserved toolkits, is particularly well suited for these studies. We present an updated estimate of at least 94 independent origins of bioluminescence across the tree of life, which we calculated by reviewing and summarizing all estimates of independent origins. Then, we use our framework to review the biology, chemistry, and evolution of bioluminescence, and for each biological level identify questions that arise from our systematic review. We focus on luminous organisms that use the shared luciferin substrates coelenterazine or vargulin to produce light because these organisms convergently evolved bioluminescent proteins that use the same luciferins to produce bioluminescence. Evolutionary convergence does not necessarily extend across biological levels, as exemplified by cases of conservation and disparity in biological functions, organs, cells, and molecules associated with bioluminescence systems. Investigating differences across bioluminescent organisms will address fundamental questions on predictability and contingency in convergent evolution. Lastly, we highlight unexplored areas of bioluminescence research and advances in sequencing and chemical techniques useful for developing bioluminescence as a model system for studying multi‐level convergent evolution.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0053.v1

Applying Multi-Output Random Forest Models to Electricity Price Forecast

Camino González, José M. Mira, José A. Ojeda

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: electricity markets; price forecasting; multi-output models; random forests; conditional inference trees

Online: 18 September 2016 (06:16:19 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Short-Term Moderate-Dose Corticosteroid Plus Immunoglobulin Effectively Reverses COVID-19 Patients Who Have Failed Low-Dose Therapy

Zhi-Guo Zhou, Shu-Min Xie, Jing Zhang, Fang Zheng, Di-Xuan Jiang, Ke-Yu Li, Qi Zuo, Yu-Sheng Yan, Ji-Yang Liu, Yuan-Lin Xie, Hong Peng, Lei Zhang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: humans; infection control; therapy; coronavirus; immunoglobulins; drug therapy; therapeutic use; corticosteroid

Online: 8 March 2020 (17:04:19 CET)

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Background: The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has spread globally with more than 80,000 people infected, and nearly 3000 patients died. Currently, we are in an urgent need for effective treatment strategy to control the clinical deterioration of COVID-19 patients. Methods: The clinical data of 10 COVID-19 patients receiving short-term moderate-dose corticosteroid (160mg/d) plus immunoglobulin (20g/d) were studied in the North Yard of The First Hospital of Changsha, Hunan from January 17^th to February 27^th, 2020. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, radiological findings were analyzed. Results: After treatment with combination of low-dose corticosteroid (40-80mg/d) and immunoglobulin (10g/d), patients’ lymphocyte count (0.88±0.34 vs 0.59±0.18, P<0.05), oxygenation index including SPO₂ (94.90±2.51 vs 90.50±5.91, P<0.05) and PaO₂/FiO₂ (321.36±136.91 vs 129.30±64.97, P<0.05) were significantly lower than pre-treatment, and CT showed that the pulmonary lesion deteriorated in all patients. While after treatment of short-term moderate-dose corticosteroid plus immunoglobulin, patients’ APACHE Ⅱ score (9.10±6.15 vs 5.50±9.01, P<0.05), body temperature (37.59±1.16 vs 36.46±0.25, P<0.05), lymphocyte count (0.59±0.18 vs 1.36±0.51, P<0.05), Lactate dehydrogenase (419.24±251.31 vs 257.40±177.88, P<0.05), and C-reactive protein (49.94±26.21 vs 14.58±15.25, P<0.05) significantly improved compared with post-treatment with low-dose therapy. In addition, oxygenation index including SPO₂ (90.50±5.91 vs 97.50±1.18, P<0.05), PaO₂ (60.47±14.53 vs 99.07±34.31, P<0.05), and PaO₂/FiO₂ (129.30±64.97 vs 340.86±146.72, P<0.05) significant improved. Furthermore, CT showed that pulmonary lesions obviously improved in 7 patients. After systematic therapy, 4 out of 10 COVID-19 patients recovered and discharged. Conclusions: Short-term moderate-dose corticosteroid plus immunoglobulin is effective for reversing the continued deterioration of COVID-19 patients who failed to respond to the low-dose therapy. Funding: This work was supported by the Innovative Major Emergency Project Funding against the New Coronavirus Pneumonia in Hunan Province (Dr. Ji-Yang Liu, number 2020SK3014; Dr. Yuan-Lin Xie, number 2020SK3013).

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0011.v1

Changing Trends in Computational Drug Repositioning

Jaswanth K. Yella, Suryanarayana Yaddanapudi, Yunguan Wang, Anil G. Jegga

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: computational drug repositioning; drug repositioning; drug repurposing; machine learning; deep learning; crowdsourcing; open innovation; drug discovery

Online: 1 May 2018 (12:27:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0346.v1

Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Bioinformatics: Drug Discovery and Drug Repurposing

Sameer Quazi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: drug discovery; drug repurposing; bioinformatics; machine learning; artificial intelligence; biomedical discoveries etc.

Online: 14 May 2021 (15:17:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0503.v1

Central Nervous System Depressant Drugs: Updated Review

Abdullah Alkattan, Eman Alsalameen, Amr Ahmed

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: CNS; Drug receptors; GABA; Cannabinoid; Opioid; Serotonin; Dopamine

Online: 25 January 2021 (14:15:20 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0345.v2

Widely Available Lysosome Targeting Agents Should Be Considered as a Potential Therapy for COVID-19

Jan Homolak, Ivan Kodvanj

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: COVID-19; lysosomotropic agents; endosome; antiviral; drug repurposing

Online: 24 March 2020 (06:26:54 CET)

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While the COVID-19 pandemic advances, the scientific community struggles in the search for treatments. Several improvements have been made, including the discovery of clinical efficacy of chloroquine (CQ) in COVID-19 patients, but the effective treatment protocols are still missing. In order to find novel treatment options many scientists utilize the in silico approach to identify compounds that could interfere with the key molecules involved in entrance, replication, or dissemination of the SARS-CoV-2. However, most of the identified molecules are currently not available as pharmacological agents, and assessing their safety and efficacy could take many months. Here, we took a different approach based on the proposed pharmacodynamic model of CQ in COVID-19. The main mechanism of action responsible for the favourable outcome of COVID-19 patients treated with CQ seems to be related to pH modulation-mediated effect on the endolysosomal trafficking, a characteristic of chemical compounds often called lysosomotropic agents because of the physico-chemical properties that enable them to passively diffuse through the endosomal membrane and undergo protonation-based trapping in the lumen of the acidic vesicles. In this review, we discuss lysosomotropic and lysosome targeting drugs that are already in clinical use and are characterized by good safety profiles, low cost, and wide availability. We emphasize that some of these drugs, in particular azithromycin and other macrolide antibiotics, indomethacin and some other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors, and fluoxetine could provide additional therapeutic benefits in addition to the potential antiviral effect that still has to be confirmed by well-controlled clinical trials. As some of these drugs, mostly antibiotics, were already empirically used in the treatment of COVID-19, we encourage our colleagues all over the world to publish patient data so potential efficacy of these agents can be evaluated in the clinical context and rapidly implemented in the therapeutic protocols if the beneficial effect on clinical outcome is observed.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0076.v1

Synergistic Antibacterial Effects of Chitosan-Caffeic Acid Conjugate against Antibiotic Resistant Acne-Related Bacteria

Ji-Hoon Kim, Daeung Yu, Sung-Hwan Eom, Song-Hee Kim, Junghwan Oh, Won-Kyo Jung, Young-Mog Kim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: acne vulgaris; antibiotic resistance; chitosan-phytochemical conjugates; synergistic antibacterial effect

Online: 13 April 2017 (11:19:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0117.v1

Transcriptomic and Metabolomics Analyses Show that High Carbohydrate Induces Fatty Liver in Blunt Snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)

Wassana Prisingkorn, Panita Prathomya, Han Liu, Fang-Yu Deng, Yu-Hua Zhao, Wei-Min Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: blunt snout bream; high carbohydrate; transcriptome; metabolomics; insulin resistance; fatty liver disease

Online: 26 January 2017 (03:52:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0329.v1

Synthetic Aperture Radar Doppler Tomography Reveals Details of Undiscovered High-Resolution Internal Structure of the Great Pyramid of Giza

Filippo Biondi, Corrado Malanga

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Synthetic Aperture Radar; Doppler frequencies; multi-chromatic analysis; micro-motion; Pyramid of Khnum-Khufu; sonic images

Online: 18 August 2022 (03:45:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0017.v1

Long-range WindScanner System

Nikola Vasiljevic, Guillaume Lea, Michael Courtney, Jean-Pierre Cariou, Jakob Mann, Torben Mikkelsen

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: coherent Doppler lidar; multi-Doppler lidar; WindScanner; wind energy

Online: 7 October 2016 (12:19:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0064.v1

Sonar for Environmental Monitoring: Construction of a Multifunctional Active Acoustic Platform Applied for Marine Renewables

Francisco Francisco, Jan Sundberg

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Active acoustics; Multi Beam Sonar; Dual-beam Sonar; Environmental monitoring; Offshore renewable energy

Online: 11 November 2016 (15:24:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0030.v1

Strengths and Limitations of UAV and Ground-based Structure from Motion Photogrammetry in a Gullied Savanna Catchment

Jack Koci, Javier X. Leon, Ben Jarihani, Roy C. Sidle, Scott N. Wilkinson, Rebecca Bartley

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: digital elevation model; DEM; digital surface model; DSM; great barrier reef; gully erosion; multi-view stereo; point cloud; unmanned aerial vehicle

Online: 13 July 2017 (02:55:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0110.v1

Multi-Step Preconditioned Newton Methods for Solving Systems of Nonlinear Equations

Fayyaz Ahmad, Malik Zaka Ullah, Ali Saleh Alshomrani, Shamshad Ahmad, Aisha M. Alqahtani, L. Alzaben

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: systems of nonlinear equations; nonlinear preconditioners; multi-step iterative methods; Frozen Jacobian

Online: 25 January 2017 (04:13:19 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0170.v1

Nanocellulose in Biotechnology and Medicine: Focus on Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing

Lucie Bacakova, Julia Pajorova, Marketa Bacakova, Anne Skogberg, Pasi Kallio, Katerina Kolarova, Vaclav Svorcik

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: bacterial nanocellulose; nanofibrillated nanocellulose; animal nanocellulose; algal nanocellulose; tissue engineering; tissue repair; wound dressing; cell delivery; drug delivery; antimicrobial properties

Online: 14 December 2018 (06:44:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0005.v1

Active Power Dispatch Optimization for a Grid-Connected Microgrid with Uncertain Multi-Type Loads

Kai Lv, Hao Tang, Yijin Li, Xin Li

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: multi-type loads; active power dispatch optimization; simulated-annealing Q-learning

Online: 2 September 2016 (11:23:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0199.v1

Revealing SARS-CoV-2 Functional Druggability Through Multi-Target Cadd Screening of Repurposable Drugs

Yash Gupta, Dawid Maciorowski, Raman Mathur, Catherine M. Pearce, David J. Ilc, Hamza Husein, Ajay Bharti, Daniel Becker, Rathi Brijesh, Steven B Bradfute, Ravi Durvasula, Prakasha Kempaiah

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; CADD; virtual screening; approved drugs; drug repurposing; essential targets; molecular docking; molecular dynamics simulations

Online: 11 May 2020 (13:14:18 CEST)

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The emergence of SARS/MERS drug resistant COVID-19 with high transmission and mortality has recently been declared a deadly pandemic causing economic chaos and significant health problems. Like all coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 is a large virus that has many druggable components within its proteome. In this study, we focused on repurposing approved and investigational drugs by identifying potential drugs that are predicted to effectively inhibit critical enzymes within SARS-CoV-2. We shortlisted seven target proteins with enzymatic activities known to be essential at different stages of the virus life cycle. For virtual screening, the energy minimization of a crystal structure or modeled protein was carried out using Protein Preparation Wizard (Schrödinger LLC, 2020-1). Following active site selection based on data mining and COACH predictions, we performed a high-throughput virtual screen of drugs (n=5903) that are already approved by worldwide regulatory bodies including the FDA, using the ZINC database. Screening was performed against viral targets using three sequential docking modes (i.e. HTVS, SP and XP). Our in-silico virtual screening identified ~290 potential drugs based on the criteria of energy, docking parameters, ligand and binding site strain and score. Drugs specific to each target protein were further analyzed for binding free energy perturbation by molecular mechanics (prime MM-GBSA) and pruning the hits to the top 32 candidates. A top lead from each target group was further subjected to molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) using the Desmond module to validate the efficacy of the screening pipeline. All of the simulated hit-target complexes were predicted to strongly interact and with highly stable binding. Thus, we have identified a number of approved and investigational drugs with high likelihood of inhibiting a variety of key SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Follow-up studies will continue to identify inhibitors suitable for combination therapy based on drug-drug synergy to thwart resistance. In addition, the screening hits that we have identified provide excellent probes for understanding the binding properties of the active sites of all seven targets, further enabling us to derive consensus molecules through computer-aided drug design (CADD). While infections are expanding at a rampant pace, it must be recognized that resistance will grow commensurately through either genetic shift and/or genetic drift to all small molecule drugs identified. Vaccines should provide a more permanent solution through prevention, but resistivity is still a possible scenario. Nevertheless, a persistent multi-target drug development program is essential to curb this ongoing pandemic and to keep reemergence in check.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0062.v1

Recent Advances in Trop 2 Targeted Therapy for Solid Tumors

Shutan Liao, Bing Wang, Rong Zeng, Haifeng Bao, Xiaomin Chen, Rakesh Dixit, Xiaoyan Xing

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Trop 2; targeted therapy; antibody-drug conjugate; solid tumors

Online: 2 December 2020 (12:35:36 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0091.v1

Indications and Limitations of Phage Therapy in Human Medicine: Personal Experience and Literature Review

Alain Dublanchet, Olivier Patey, Hubert Mazure, Max Liddle, Anthony M. Smithyman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: bacterial infection; antibiotic resistance; bacteriophage; antibiotic therapy; phage therapy; review

Online: 5 July 2018 (10:09:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0179.v2

Prevalence of COVID-19: A Look behind the Scenes

Samir Haj Bloukh, Annis A. Shaikh, Habib M. Pathan, Zehra Edis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; human coronavirus; control; vitamin D; antibiotic resistance; antimicrobial agents; BCG; malaria; climate; latitude

Online: 15 April 2020 (08:25:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0459.v1

SARS-CoV-2 Infections - Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) Data Mining, Pathway Enrichment Analysis, and Prediction of Repurposable Drugs/Compounds

Srilakshmi Chaparala, Carrie L Iwema, Ansuman Chattopadhyay

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; coronavirus; drug repositioning; pathway enrichment

Online: 19 September 2020 (11:34:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0098.v1

Induction of G2M Arrest by Flavokawain A, A Kava Chalcone, Increases the Responsiveness of HER2 Overexpressing Breast Cancer Cells to Herceptin

Danielle D. Jandial, Lauren S. Krill, Lixia Chen, Chunli Wu, Yu Ke, Jun Xie, Bang H. Hoang, Xiaolin Zi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Flavokawain A; HER2 overexpression; resistance to apoptosis

Online: 23 January 2017 (03:30:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0059.v1

Fusing Observational, Satellite Remote Sensing and Air Quality Model Simulated Data to Estimate Spatiotemporal Variations of PM2.5 Exposure in China

Tao Xue, Yixuan Zheng, Guannan Geng, Bo Zheng, Xujia Jiang, Qiang Zhang, Kebin He

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: fine particulate matter (PM2.5); aerosol optical depth; community multi-scale air quality (CMAQ) model; data fusion; exposure assessment

Online: 16 February 2017 (08:58:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0097.v1

Grid Synchronization of Seven-Phase Wind Electric Generator Using d-q PLL

Kalaivani Chandramohan, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Rajambal Kalyanasundaram, Mahajan Sagar Bhaskar, Lucian Mihet-Popa

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: multi-phase; synchronous frame; induction generator; PWM inverter; seven phase rectifier; PLL; grid

Online: 11 May 2017 (08:01:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0090.v1

MFNR: Multi-Frame Method for Complete Noise Removal of all PDF Types in Multi-Dimensional Data Using KDE

Awais Nazir, Muhammad Shahzad Younis, Muhammad Khurram Shahzad

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: Noise Removal; Image Enhancement; MFNR; multi-dimensional data

Online: 7 June 2020 (14:51:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0117.v1

Large-scale, Multi-temporal Remote Sensing of Palaeo-river Networks: A Case Study from Northwest India and its Implications for the Indus Civilisation

Hector A. Orengo, Cameron A. Petrie

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: multi-temporal; seasonal; vegetation; palaeo-river; Indus civilisation; archaeology

Online: 27 June 2017 (04:41:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0066.v1

Design of the EPIGENEC Study: Assessing the EPIdemiology and GENetics of Escherichia coli in the Netherlands

Denise van Hout, Tess D. Verschuuren, Patricia C.J. Bruijning-Verhagen, Thijs Bosch, E. Ascelijn Reuland, Ad C. Fluit, Anita C. Schürch, Rob J.L. Willems, Sabine C. de Greeff, Annemarie van ’t Veen, Jan A.J.W. Kluytmans, Marc J.M. Bonten

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: Escherichia coli; antimicrobial resistance; infection; molecular epidemiology

Online: 7 February 2019 (09:15:44 CET)

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Background: Infections caused by E. coli cause considerable disease burden and range from frequently occurring and relatively innocent urinary tract infection (UTI) to severe bloodstream infection (BSI). The incidence of infections caused by ESBL-producing E. coli (ESBL-PEc) is increasing, justifying surveillance and development of preventive strategies in several domains. Faecal carriage is universal and believed to be the most important reservoir for E. coli from which infections can originate. It is currently unknown to what extent Dutch E. coli carriage strains in the community reflect isolates causing disease. In this study, we will perform comparative genomics to infer the population structures of human-derived ESBL-PEc from community- and hospital-acquired infections and from community-based faecal carriage samples in the Netherlands. Furthermore, we will describe the molecular epidemiology of E. coli isolates causing invasive disease (BSI). Methods: This study uses four different microbiological data sources: 1) ESBL-PEc from patients with community-acquired UTI tested in primary care between May and November 2017, 2) ESBL-PEc from urine cultures obtained from patients hospitalized between January 2014 and December 2016, 3) E. coli from blood cultures obtained from patients hospitalized between January 2014 and December 2016, and 4) ESBL-PEc from faecal samples collected in a national population- prevalence study performed between January 2014 and January 2017. Clinical epidemiological data was collected from all patients and all isolates were subjected to whole genome sequencing. Discussion: The EPIGENEC study (EPIdemiology and GENetics of E. coli) will describe the molecular epidemiology of E. coli BSI and assess the genomic population structure of ESBL-PEc strains from community-acquired and nosocomial infections, and of ESBL-PEc reflecting community-based faecal carriage. Information from these studies may assist in optimizing surveillance strategies and determining targets and potential impact of future new preventive measures.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0466.v1

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 in Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Evidence from Bioinformatics Analysis

Xiaomei Yang, Hongjin Zhao, Yan Li, Peng Zhang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: COVID-19; coronavirus; ACE2; bioinformatics analysis; drug prediction

Online: 26 April 2020 (03:14:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0185.v1

Deep Learning on Low-Resource Datasets

Veronica Morfi, Dan Stowell

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: deep learning; multi-task learning; audio event detection; audio tagging; weak learning; low-resource data

Online: 10 July 2018 (16:05:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0038.v1

Experimental Identification and Vibration Control of A Non-Collocated Piezoelectric Flexible Manipulator Using Optimal Multi-Poles Placement Control

Junqiang Lou, Jiangjiang Liao, Yiling Yang, Yanding Wei, Guoping Li

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: experimental identification; multi-poles placement control; smart flexible manipulator; active vibration control; non-collocation

Online: 9 January 2017 (04:56:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0057.v1

A Multi-Focus Image Fusion Algorithm Based on Contrast Pyramids

Mingzhu Lai, Jianguo Sun, Liguo Zhang, Yiran Shen, Qing Yang, Zilong Jin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: multi-focus image, image fusion, region mosaic, contrast pyramid

Online: 10 November 2016 (07:34:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0544.v1

Peak Week and Competition Day Strategies of Competitive Natural Bodybuilders

Andrew J Chappell , Trevor Simper

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Bodybuilding; Drug Free; Competing; Peaking; Carbohydrate Loading; Water Loading; Sodium Loading; Fat Loading: Vitamin C; Fibre Restriction

Online: 27 September 2018 (12:58:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0023.v1

CFD Simulation and Microscopic Study of a Solitary Spherical Porous Adsorbent

John White

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Packed beds; Thermal heat; Porosity effect; Thermal contact resistance

Online: 3 August 2016 (08:29:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0023.v1

Effects of Biomimetic Shear Stress by Self-Assembled Gelatin Oleic Nanoparticles Containing Paclitaxel on the Behavior of Cancer Cell Lines in a Microfluidic System

Taehee Kang, Thuy Thi Thanh Tran, Kyung Taek Oh, Han-Gon Choi, Beom-Jin Lee

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: gelatin-oleic conjugate; self-assembled biodegradable nanoparticles; biomimetic shear stress; cell dynamic environment; cellular drug delivery; paclitaxel

Online: 4 April 2017 (10:59:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0036.v1

Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery System for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Kazufumi Nakamura, Hiromi Matsubara, Satoshi Akagi, Toshihiro Sarashina, Kentaro Ejiri, Norifumi Kawakita, Masashi Yoshida, Toru Miyoshi, Atsuyuki Watanabe, Nobuhiro NIshii, Hiroshi Ito

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: pulmonary arterial hypertension; prostacyclin; nanoparticle; drug delivery system

Online: 13 February 2017 (09:27:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0222.v1

Pathogen Taxonomy Updates at the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database: Implications for Molecular Epidemiology

Kara Tsang, David Speicher, Andrew McArthur

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; biocuration; microbial nomenclature; molecular epidemiology

Online: 19 July 2019 (08:23:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0218.v1

Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy: Current Progress and Challenges

Shreelaxmi Gavas, Sameer Quazi, Tomasz Karpiński

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: cancer; nanoparticles; chemotherapy; cellular targeting; multidrug resistance; cryosurgery; scale-up

Online: 10 August 2021 (09:44:24 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0773.v2

A Comparative Study of the AHP and TOPSIS Techniques for Dam Site Selection Using GIS: A Case Study of Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran

Ali Jozaghi, Babak Alizadeh, Mohsen Hatami, Ian Flood, Mohammad Khorrami, Nastaran Khodaei, Erfan Ghasemi Tousi

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: multi-criteria decision-making; TOPSIS; AHP; water resources; dam site selection

Online: 18 December 2018 (12:04:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0052.v1

Feature Extraction of Ship Radiated Noise Based on Permutation Entropy of the Intrinsic Mode Function with the Highest Energy

Yu-Xing Li, Ya-An Li, Zhe Chen, Xiao Chen

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: empirical mode decomposition; intrinsic mode function; permutation entropy; multi-scale permutation entropy; feature extraction

Online: 9 November 2016 (10:24:35 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0134.v1

Avoiding COVID-19 Complications with Diabetic Patients Could Be Achieved by Multi-Dose Bacillus Calmette–Guérin Vaccine: A Case Study of Beta Cells Regeneration by Serendipity

Bassam M. Ayoub, Eman Ramadan, Nermeen Ashoush, Mariam M. Tadros, Moataz S. Hendy, Mohamed M. Elmazar, Shaker A. Mousa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: COVID-19; multi-dose BCG; beta cells regeneration; improved C-peptide; serendipity

Online: 9 April 2020 (05:03:24 CEST)

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major risk factors for COVID-19 complications as it is one of the chronic immune-compromising conditions especially if patients have uncontrolled diabetes, poor HbA1c &/or irregular blood glucose levels. Diabetic patient’s mortality rates with COVID-19 are higher than cardiovascular or cancer patients. Recently Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) has shown successful results in reversing diabetes in both rats and clinical trials based on different mechanisms from aerobic glycolysis to Beta cells regeneration. BCG is a multi-face vaccine that has been used extensively in protection from TB and leprosy and has been repositioned for treatment of bladder cancer, diabetes & multiple sclerosis. Recently, the COVID-19 epidemiological study confirmed that universal BCG vaccination reduced morbidity and mortality in certain geographical areas. Countries without universal policies of BCG vaccination (Italy, Nederland, USA) have been more severely affected compared to countries with universal and long-standing BCG policies that have shown low numbers of reported COVID-19 cases. Some countries have started clinical trials that included a single dose BCG vaccine as prophylaxis from COVID-19 or an attempt to minimize its side effects. This proposed research aims to use BCG vaccine as a double-edged weapon countering both COVID-19 & diabetes, not only as protection but also as therapeutic vaccination. The work includes a case study of regenerated pancreatic beta cells based on improved C-peptide & PCPRI laboratory findings after BCG vaccination for a 9 years’ patient. The patient was re-vaccinated based on a negative tuberculin test & no scar at the site of injection of the 1st BCG vaccination at birth. Furthermore, the authors in the present article described a prospective BCG multi-dose clinical study in full details that they will apply in case of acceptance of their submitted grant & the ethical committee approval. The aim of the clinical study is to check if double dose BCG (4 weeks apart) will show a significant difference in the protection of health care professionals in Egypt. The authors suggest and invite the scientific community to take into consideration the concept of direct BCG re-vaccination (after 4 weeks) because of the reported gene expressions & exaggerated innate immunity consequently. As the diabetic MODY-5 patient (mutation of HNF1B, Val2Leu) was on low dose Riomet® while eliminating insulin gradually, a simple analytical method for metformin assay was recommended to ensure its concentration before use as it is not approved yet by the Egyptian QC labs.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0083.v1

UPEI-400, a Conjugate of Lipoic Acid and Scopoletin, Mediates Neuroprotection in a Rat Model of Ischemia/Reperfusion

Barry J. Connell, Monique C. Saleh, Desikan Rajagopal, Tarek M. Saleh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: stroke; antioxidant; co-drug; animal model

Online: 20 October 2016 (08:46:38 CEST)

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Background: Previously, our laboratory has provided evidence that pre-administration of the antioxidant, lipoic acid covalently bonded to various naturally occurring antioxidants, enhanced neuroprotective capacity compared to the administration of lipoic acid on its own. The naturally occurring compound scopoletin, a coumarin derivative, has been shown in various in vitro studies to have both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanism of actions. To date, the effect of scopoletin on neuronal cell death in an in vivo model of ischemia or ischemia-reperfusion has not been investigated. Therefore, the present investigation was designed to determine if scopoletin on its own, or a co-drug consisting of lipoic acid and scopoletin covalent bond, named UPEI-400, would be capable of demonstrating a similar neuroprotective efficacy. Methods: Using a rodent model of stroke in male rats (anesthetized with Inactin®; 100 mg/kg, iv), the middle cerebral artery was permanently occluded for 6 hours (pMCAO), or in separate animals, occluded for 30 min followed by 5.5 hrs of reperfusion (ischemia/reperfusion; I/R). Results: Pre-administration of either scopoletin or UPEI-400 significantly decreased infarct volume in the I/R model (p<0.05), but not in the pMCAO model of stroke. However, UPEI-400 was ~1000 times more potent as compared to scopoletin on its own. The optimal dose of UPEI-400 was then injected during the occlusion and at several time points during reperfusion and significant neuroprotection was observed for up to 150 mins following the start of reperfusion (p<0.05). Conclusion: The data suggest that synthetic combination of scopoletin with lipoic acid (UPEI-400) is a more effective neuroprotectant that either compound on their own. Also, since UPEI-400 was only effective in a model of I/R, it is possible that it may act to enhance neuronal antioxidant capacity and/or upregulate anti-inflammatory pathways to prevent the neuronal cell death.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0358.v1

In-Silico Analysis of Natural Products That Modulates Enzymes of Diabetic Target

Babita Aryal, Saroj Basnet, Bishnu P. Marasini, Karan Khadayat, Darbin Kumar Poudel, Ganesh Lamichhane, Prakriti Budhathoki, Purushottam Niraula, Sonika Dawadi, Rishab Marahatha, Sitaram Phuyal, Niranjan Parajuli

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Enzyme inhibition; Secondary Metabolites; In-silico Analysis; Molecular docking; Drug candidates

Online: 30 June 2020 (08:11:28 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0250.v1

Tiny Earth: A Big Idea for STEM Education and Antibiotic Discovery

Amanda Hurley, Marc G. Chevrette, Deepa D. Acharya, Gabriel L. Lozano, Manuel Garavito, Jen Heinritz, Luis Balderrama, Mara Beebe, Martel L. DenHartog, Kamiyah Corinaldi, Renee Engels, Alyssa Gutierrez, Orli Jona, Josephine H. I. Putnam, Brody Rhodes, Tiffany Tsang, Simon Hernandez, Carol Bascom-Slack, Jessamina E. Blum, Paul A. Price, Debra Davis, Joanna Klein, Joshua Pultorak, Nora L. Sullivan, Nigel J. Mouncey, Pieter C. Dorrestein, Sarah Miller, Nichole A. Broderick, Jo Handelsman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: antibiotic discovery; STEM education; biosynthetic gene cluster; molecular networking; multi-omics

Online: 6 November 2020 (16:50:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0393.v1

Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Suggest Valproic Acid Co-A could Bind to SARS-CoV2 RNA Depended RNA Polymerase

Neel Sarovar Bhavesh, Anupam Patra

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: SARS-CoV2; RNA depended RNA polymerase; Valproic acid Co-A; drug repurposing

Online: 26 March 2020 (15:04:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0105.v1

A Robust Symmetric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization Framework for Clustering Multiple Heterogeneous Microbiome Data

Yuanyuan Ma, Xiaohua Hu, Tingting He, Xingpeng Jiang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization; similarity network fusion; human microbiome; multi-view clustering

Online: 18 April 2017 (03:31:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0028.v1

Synthesis of Europium-doped Fluorapatite Nanorods and Their Multifunctional Biomedical Applications

Hai Feng Zeng, Mu Yang Sun, Su Fan Wu, Hai Feng Chen

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: lanthanides; fluorapatite; drug loading; nano carrier

Online: 5 April 2017 (11:26:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0148.v1

Information Theoretic Source Seeking Strategies for Multiagent Plume Tracking in Turbulent Fields

Hadi Hajieghrary, Daniel C. Mox, M. Ani Hsieh

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: multi-agent systems; information theory; distributed control; value of information; collaborative search

Online: 29 November 2016 (07:20:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0059.v1

A Multi-Slope Sliding-Mode Control Approach for Single-Phase Inverters under Different Loads

Ghazanfar Shahgholian, Babk Khajeh Shalaly

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: multi-slope sliding-mode control (MSSMC); single-phase inverter; multi-slope function (MS)

Online: 19 July 2016 (04:54:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0024.v1

Effect of Short Term Water Exposure on the Mechanical Properties of Halloysite Nanotubes-Multi Layer Graphene Reinforced Polyester Nanocomposites

Mohd Shahneel Saharudin, Rasheed Atif, Fawad Inam

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: nanocomposites; halloysite nanotubes; multi-layer graphene; water absorption; mechanical properties

Online: 5 January 2017 (09:34:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0152.v1

Face Verification with Multi-Task and Multi-Scale Features Fusion

Xiaojun Lu, Yue Yang, Weilin Zhang, Qi Wang, Yang Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: deep convolutional neural networks; identification; semi-verification; multi-scale features; face verification

Online: 20 March 2017 (09:06:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0060.v1

New Protection Scheme for Internal Fault of Multi-Microgrid

Fan Zhang, Longhua Mu, Wenming Guo

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: microgrid; multi-microgrid; measured admittance; protection scheme

Online: 16 February 2017 (09:17:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0062.v1

An Adaptive Self-powered Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Circuit and Its Application on Bridge Condition Monitoring

Teng Li, Yunxin Zhang, Xinlai Geng

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester 1; autonomous 2; adaptive 3; self-powered 4; voltage doubler interface circuit 5; closed loop control 6; feed-forward 7; multi-shot technology 8

Online: 12 January 2017 (10:45:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0039.v1

The Wear Resistance of Cryogenically Treated Diamond-Like Carbon Films

Lee-Long Han, Chun-Ming Lin, Yih-Shiun Shih

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: Cryogenic treatment; wear resistance; Raman intensity rate

Online: 7 December 2016 (11:13:10 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0312.v1

Virion Structure and Mechanism of Propagation of Coronaviruses including SARS-CoV 2 (COVID -19 ) and some Meaningful Points for Drug or Vaccine Development

Swapan Ghosh

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19); + ssRNA; ribosomal – framshift; Pseudoknot; replication; model; drug; vaccine

Online: 14 August 2020 (08:26:31 CEST)

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SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19, a new seventh human corona virus, has out-broken in Wuhan, China since 31^st December 2019, and quickly escalated to take the form of pandemic which killed many human beings throughout almost all countries across continents. The rapidity of its transmission from human to human is far greater than all previous human corona viruses which came into existence like SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, etc. The nucleotide sequence of SARS-CoV-2 (isolates Wuhan-Hu-1) is 29,875 bp in ss-RNA. Symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infected pneumonia include from asymptomatic to high fever and/or respiratory illnesses. Coronavirus virion (spherical/round /elliptical in shape) consists of three parts- outer membrane or envelope, nucleocapsid and genome (RNA). SARS-CoV-2 was shown to use receptor, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for attachment to the cells through its surface spike (S) protein (S1), and the virion enters into the host cell through two routes- direct membrane fusion and endocytotic pathway. The RNA of SARS-CoV acts directly as mRNA and here minus(-) 1 programmed ribosomal frameshift (-1PRF) is being operated by slippery sequence and pseudoknot, so it translates 16 nonstructural proteins including RNA dependent RNA replicase. Then genomic RNA replicated continuously on – strand RNA template and subgenomic RNA transcribed discontinuously on –RNA template to sgmRNA. Subgenomic RNAs/sgmRNAs synthesize all structural proteins. This article takes into consideration the details of established theories of viral structure, viral attachment, mode of entry into human cells, different models of replication and transcription of virus genome proposed by eminent scientists over the years, and makes an in depth examination highlighting meaningful points or important target cites of viral propagation or synthesis, which are conserved, for prompt development of potent drugs or vaccine to counter COVID-19 for which human race is anxiously and eagerly waiting.

Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0120.v2

Synthesis and Anti-Tumor Activity of Oleanolic Acid Derivatives

Kuai ZhenYu, Lei Li, Shengwen Zhan, Chunlin Li, Yuwei Zhao, Hongrong Chen, Yanqiu Meng

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: oleanolic acid derivatives; synthesis; anti-tumor activity; molecular docking; computer-aided drug design

Online: 24 April 2017 (12:08:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0002.v2

Small UAS-Based Wind Feature Identification System Part 1: Integration and Validation

Leopoldo Rodriguez Salazar, Jose A. Cobano, Anibal Ollero

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: wind prediction; wind estimation; UAS; wind shear; gust; multi-platform integration

Online: 18 January 2017 (09:44:54 CET)

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This paper presents a system for identification of wind features, such as gusts and wind shear. These are of particular interest in the context of energy-efficient navigation of Small Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS). The proposed system generates real-time wind vector estimates and a novel algorithm to generate wind field predictions. Estimations are based on the integration of an off-the-shelf navigation system and airspeed readings in a so-called direct approach. Wind predictions use atmospheric models to characterize the wind field with different statistical analyses. During the prediction stage, the system is able to incorporate, in a big-data approach, wind measurements from previous flights in order to enhance the approximations. Wind estimates are classified and fitted into a Weibull probability density function. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) is utilized to determine the shaping and scale parameters of the distribution, which are employed to determine the most probable wind speed at a certain position. The system uses this information to characterize a wind shear or a discrete gust and also utilizes a Gaussian Process regression to characterize continuous gusts. The knowledge of the wind features is crucial for computing energy-efficient trajectories with low cost and payload. Therefore, the system provides a solution that does not require any additional sensors. The system architecture presents a modular decentralized approach, in which the main parts of the system are separated in modules and the exchange of information is managed by a communication handler to enhance upgradeability and maintainability. Validation is done providing preliminary results of both simulations and Software-In-The-Loop testing. Telemetry data collected from real flights, performed in the Seville Metropolitan Area in Andalusia (Spain), was used for testing. Results show that wind estimation and predictions can be calculated at 1 Hz and a wind map can be updated at 0.4 Hz. Predictions show a convergence time with a 95% confidence interval of approximately 30 s.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0061.v1

Image-Based Multi-Target Tracking Through Multi-Bernoulli Filtering with Interactive Likelihoods

Anthony Hoak, Henry Medeiros, Richard J. Povinelli

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: multi-target tracking; multi-Bernoulli filter; sequential Monte-Carlo

Online: 16 February 2017 (09:39:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0092.v1

Estimating Density and Temperature Dependence of Juvenile Vital Rates Using a Hidden Markov Model

Robert M. McElderry

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Anaea aidea; caterpillar demography; multi-state mark-recapture; state-space model; stage-structured matrix

Online: 18 December 2016 (09:33:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0119.v1

Processes of Direct Laser Writing 3D Nano-Lithography

Simonas Varapnickas, Mangirdas Malinauskas

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: 3D nano-lithography, 3D laser lithography, direct laser writing, nanopolymerization, cross-linking, multi-photon absorption, avalanche ionization, temperature effects

Online: 11 December 2018 (09:31:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0036.v1

A Global Seamless DEM Based on Multi-Source Data Fusion (GSDEM-30): Product Generation and Evaluation

Linwei Yue, Huanfeng Shen, Lu Liu, Qiangqiang Yuan, Liangpei Zhang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: digital elevation models; multi-source fusion; multi-scale fusion; global evaluation; accuracy validation.

Online: 5 June 2019 (10:26:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0132.v1

In Silico Screening and Analysis of Potential Inhibitors of Arylamine N-Acetyltransferases (NATs) from the Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Study Using Free Available Tools

Francisco Azevedo, Joveline Richardt, Mayrla Oliveira, Inês Araujo, Ricardo Oliveira, Luis Baptista, Hermes Amorim

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: arylamine N-acetyltransferases; cancer; tuberculosis; drug discovery; traditional Chinese medicine; virtual screening; molecular dynamics simulation; MM-PBSA

Online: 30 June 2017 (11:36:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0232.v1

Repurposing of FDA Approved Drugs as COVID-19 Therapeutics: Safety Concerns and Contraindications of Drugs in Clinical Trials

Ravinder Naik Dharavath, Meenu Dutt, Sunil Kumar, Priya Badyal, Nitin Rawat, Tanzeer Kaur, Shweta Sharma, Mahendra Bishnoi, Kanwaljit Chopra

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: Adverse drug reactions; Anti-COVID drugs; Coronavirus; Drug repurposing; Drug toxicity; Pharmacotherapy

Online: 18 June 2020 (12:43:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201712.0157.v1

A CNN-Based Fusion Method for Feature Extraction from Sentinel Data

Giuseppe Scarpa, Massimiliano Gargiulo, Antonio Mazza, Raffaele Gaetano

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Coregistration; pansharpening; multi-sensor fusion; multitemporal images; deep learning; normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)

Online: 21 December 2017 (17:10:23 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0218.v1

Biodegradable and Biocompatible Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA): Auspicious Microbial Macromolecules for Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Applications

Martin Koller

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Biocompatibility; Biodegradability; Biopolyesters; Biopolymers; Composites; Drug Release; Implants; Polyhydroxyalkanoates; Scaffolds; Tissue Engineering

Online: 23 January 2018 (16:49:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0163.v1

A Hybrid MCDM Technique for Risk Management in Construction Projects

Kajal Chatterjee, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, Jolanta Tamošaitienė, Krishnendu Adhikary, Samarjit Kar

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: D number, Analytical Network Process (ANP), MABAC, Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM), Consistent fuzzy preference relation (CFPR), Construction project risk, Risk Management

Online: 24 November 2017 (16:46:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0011.v1

Eradicating Metastatic Cancer and the Evolutionary Dynamics of Extinction

Robert Gatenby, Joel S. Brown

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Cancer treatment, resistance to treatment, evolution of resistance, background extinctions

Online: 1 February 2019 (10:29:06 CET)

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