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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0307.v1

Testing and Evaluation of Cervical Joint in Young Males and Females: Strength, Range of Motion and Musculoskeletal Pains

Christos Batatolis, Konstantina Karatrantou, Vaggelis Gymnopoulos, Dr. Vassilis Gerodimos

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: neck; isometric assessment; hand‐held dynamometer; functional capacity; cervical flexion/extension ratio; injury prevention; strength asymmetries; rehabilitation; sex effect

Online: 6 September 2023 (04:27:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.2085.v1

Factors Influencing Purchase Intention of Organic Food among Individuals with Chronic Diseases

Yam B. Limbu, Christopher McKinley, P. Ganesan, Tianfu Wang, Junzhou Zhang

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Marketing Keywords: organic food knowledge; attitude toward organic food purchase; subjective norm; organic food purchase intention; organic food purchase self-efficacy; gender; education

Online: 30 August 2023 (12:05:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1556.v1

Living Longer or Better – Patient’s Choice in Cardiac Surgery Is Gender-Dependent – a Multicenter Study

Britt Hofmann, Epp Rae, Ulrike Puvogel, Mihaela Spatarelu, Salah A. Mohamed, Almoan Bungaran, Sebastian Arzt, Magdalena Laux, Johannes Maximillian Albes, Klaus Matschke, Richard Feyrer, Hans-Hinrich Sievers, Ivar Friedrich, Bernd Niemann, Rolf-Edgar Silber, Andreas Wienke, Andreas Simm

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: patient’s preferences; quality of life; lifespan; gender

Online: 22 August 2023 (10:22:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1333.v1

Fertility Preservation Options for Transgender Patients: An Overview

Natlie Mainland, Dana A. Ohl, Ahmed R Assaly, Nabila Azeem, Amber Cooper, Angie Beltsos, Puneet Sindhwani, And Tariq A. Shah

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: fertility; transgender; fertility preservation; gender transition; gender reassignment

Online: 18 August 2023 (08:23:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1262.v1

Gender-Based Clinical, Therapeutic Strategies and Prognosis Differences in Atrial Fibrillation

Aurelio Quesada, Javier Quesada-Ocete, Blanca Quesada-Ocete, Victor Del Moral-Ronda, Javier Jiménez-Bello, Ricardo Rubini-Costa, Carl J. Lavie, Daniel P. Morin, Fernando De la Guía-Galipienso, Ricardo Rubini-Puig, Fabian Sanchis-Gomar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: atrial fibrillation; gender; electrical cardioversion; heart failure; mortality

Online: 17 August 2023 (07:15:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1132.v1

Immunological Misfiring and Sex Differences/Similarities in Early COVID-19 Studies: Missed Opportunities of Making a Real IMPACT

Aditi Bhargava, Johannes D Knapp

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: coagulopathy; COVID-19; CXCL; dendritic cells; ICU; IL6; IL7; IFN; sex differences and similarities

Online: 16 August 2023 (07:57:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1100.v1

Surveying ‘Dating Violence’ and Stalking Victimisation among Students at a UK University: Findings and Methodological Reflections on Using a US Survey Instrument

Anna Louise Bull, Alexander Bradley

Subject: Social Sciences, Gender And Sexuality Studies Keywords: higher education; students; domestic abuse; stalking; gender-based violence; survey

Online: 15 August 2023 (08:27:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0949.v1

Applying Data Analytics to Analyze Activity Sequences to Assess Fragmentation in Daily Travel Patterns—A Case Study in the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona

Lídia Montero, Lucia Mejia-Dorantes, Jaume Barceló

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: Travel behavior; sequence analysis; gender; equity; classification analysis; spatial analysis; synthetic populations

Online: 14 August 2023 (08:55:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0711.v1

Young Women’s Attitudes and Concerns on Pornography and Their Sexual Experiences: A Qualitative Approach

Mónica Fernández-Ruiz, Olga María López-Entrambasaguas, Jose Manuel Martínez-Linares, José Granero-Molina

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: pornography; qualitative research; sexual behavior; sex education; sexual health; young women

Online: 9 August 2023 (09:05:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0468.v1

Pharmacokinetics of Four Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Adult and Paediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Patients

Sarah Allegra, Emma Dondi, Francesco Chiara, Silvia De Francia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: dasatinib; imatinib; nilotibin; ponatinib; children; therapeutic drug monitoring; sex and gender pharmacology; personalized medicine.

Online: 7 August 2023 (11:53:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0101.v1

Navigating the Path to Success: Insights for Aspiring Female Leaders in Academia

Wafa Hozien

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: female; women; academia; higher education; leadership; gender equality; diversity

Online: 2 August 2023 (02:26:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1904.v2

The Indirect Effects of Vitamin D3 on the Aging Process According to Gender

Daniela Florina Trifan, Adrian Gheorghe Tirla, Calin Mos, Adrian Danciu, Florian Bodog, Felicia Manole, Timea Claudia Ghitea

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: Face-lifting; vitamin D; collagen; sex difference

Online: 31 July 2023 (11:38:50 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1881.v1

Short Review on Gender Studies in Central Asia

Ikhtiyor Rasulov, Zuhriddin Juraev

Subject: Social Sciences, Gender And Sexuality Studies Keywords: Gender equality; Human rights; Female Leadership; Uzbekistan; Philosophical understanding

Online: 27 July 2023 (08:03:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1747.v1

Investing in Maternal Health: Economic Benefits and Policy Implications

Salvatore La Barbera

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: healthcare; maternal health; gender disparities

Online: 26 July 2023 (05:53:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1627.v1

Health Providers’ Response to Female Adolescents’ Survivors of Sexual Violence, and Demand Side Barriers in the Utilization of Support Services in Urban Slums of Nigeria

Olutoyin Opeyemi Ikuteyijo, Andrea Kaiser-Grolimund, Michael D. Fetters, Akanni Ibukun Akinyemi, Sonja Merten

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: Health providers; female adolescents; slums; sexual and gender-based violence; barriers

Online: 25 July 2023 (08:56:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1426.v1

The Relationship between Personality Types, Coping, and Gender in Academic Stress

Cristina Varo, María del Mar Aires-González, María García-Jiménez, María Eva Trigo, Francisco Javier Cano-García

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: personality types; coping strategies; perceived coping efficacy; academic stress; gender

Online: 20 July 2023 (13:02:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1227.v1

Neurofilament Light Chain Levels Increase With Age and Are Associated With Worst Physical Function and Body Composition in Men but Not in Women

Xavier Capo, Aina Galmes-Panades, Cayetano Navas-Enamorado, Ana Ortega-Moral, Silvia Marin, Marta Cascante, Andres Sanchez-Polo, Luis Masmiquel, Margalida Torrens-Mas, Marta Gonzalez-Freire

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: Aging; neurodegeneration; metabolomics; NFL; muscle function; gender dimorphism

Online: 18 July 2023 (14:18:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1036.v1

Technical Effiency in Ecuador’ Farms: Evidences of the Pandemic Impact

Carlos S. Torres-Inga, A. Javier Aguirre-de Juana, Guillermo E. Guevara-Viera, Raul V. Guevara-Viera

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: DEA; COVID; labor; bootstrap; gender

Online: 17 July 2023 (15:09:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0633.v1

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): A Mini Review of Lipid Profile, Blood Glucose, and Ovarian Histological Improvements

Syawany Wahid, Muhammad Danial Che Ramli, Ezza Fazleen Mohd Fathil, Muhammad Naim Rosli, Mohd Helmy Mokhtar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Reproductive Medicine Keywords: natural products; polycystic ovarian syndrome; lipid profile; sex hormone; blood glucose

Online: 11 July 2023 (05:19:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0631.v1

The Problem of Rural Depopulation in Spain. Towards a Sustainable, Person-Centred Model of Repopulation

Miguel Osorio García de Oteyza, Ana Gutierrez Sanchis, Jorge Conde Lopez

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: Rural territory; Spain; people; repopulation model; gender; immigration

Online: 10 July 2023 (12:08:43 CEST)

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For the first time in human history the majority of people no longer live in a rural environment. According to the United Nations, over 50% of the global population now lives in cities. The abandonment of the rural environment has grave consequences for society in general, as these areas are healthier places to live, produce the food we all depend on, and are an important factor for preserving biodiversity and environmental sustainability. In this paper we will provide a historical overview of rural repopulation models and analyse a number of models currently being applied in several countries in Europe and Latin America. We will also offer observations on a pilot repopulation project called “Habita Tierra” currently being developed. The common characteristics of different repopulation models prompted us to develop a model based on active listening and accompaniment of people and local agents as well as other important factors. Rural depopulation in Spain involves a number of interrelated problems, one of the most salient being the aging rural population. The average farmer in Spain is 61 years of age. There is also the problem of gender imbalance in rural areas, where women enjoy few opportunities or alternatives. In turn, low fertility rates, increasing stress on limited public healthcare, education and transpor-tation resources, a lack of cultural activities and poor connectivity are also factors driving rural depopulation. The only group which is increasing the rural areas in Spain are immigrants, who now account for 10% of the rural population, often performing the agricultural, fishing and livestock farming ac-tivities abandoned by native residents. This group, along with young people, and women of all ages and the programs which support them may offer a solution to the challenge of depopulation. The paper concludes with a list of the key features of successful repopulation programs, drawn from a comparison of historic and contemporary models.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0310.v1

Palatal Rugae as a Discriminating Factor in Determining Sex: A Method Applicable in Forensic Odontology?

Andrea Trizzino, Pietro Messina, Fabio M Sciarra, Stefania Zerbo, Antonina Argo, Giuseppe Alessandro Scardina

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: palatal rugae; sex; forensic dentistry

Online: 5 July 2023 (12:38:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1817.v1

Sex/gender Differences in the Language Profiles of Italian Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Jessica Barsotti, Gloria Mangani, Roberta Nencioli, Antonio Narzisi, Lucia Pfanner, Anna Maria Chilosi, Paola Cipriani, Alice Mancini, Angela Cosenza, Raffaella Tancredi, Sara Calderoni

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Language and communication; sex/gender; Autism Spectrum Disorder; children

Online: 26 June 2023 (13:54:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1365.v1

Spanish Doctoral Thesis in Health Sciences on Gender (1976–2022)

Rosa M. Cárdaba-Garcia, Inés Cárdaba-García, Susana Navalpotro-Pascual, Elena Olea, Lucía Pérez-Pérez, Miguel Ángel Madrigal-Fernández, Carlos Durantez-Fernández, Raúl Soto-Cámara

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: electronic thesis; gender perspective; health sciences; Spain

Online: 19 June 2023 (13:32:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1242.v1

Exploring the Evolutionary Relics of Sex-chromosomes of Divergent Animal Species through Comparative Analysis of the Predicted SSR Sequences and CpG Islands

Barinder Singh Grewal, Shilpa Tewari, Håkon Hægland, Chandra Shekhar Mukhopadhyay

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Microsatellite; CpG island; sex chromosomes; DNA markers

Online: 16 June 2023 (12:41:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0867.v1

Sex Differences In Glomerular Lesions, Atherosclerosis Progression, And In The Response To Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors In The Apoe^-/- Mice Model

Adrián Mallén, Ronny Rodriguez-Urquia, Rafael Alvarez, Eduard Dorca-Duch, Estanis Navarro, Miguel Hueso

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Sex differences; Chronic Kidney Disease; Atherosclerosis; Foam Cells; Parietal Epithelial Cells (PECs); Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEi)

Online: 13 June 2023 (03:22:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0843.v1

Sex Differences in Frequencies of B and T Cell Subpopulations of Human Cord Blood

Michelle Bous, Charline Sarah Schmitt, Muriel Charlotte Hans, Regine Weber, Nasenien Nourkami-Tutdibi, Sebastian Tenbruck, Bashar Haj Hamoud, Gudrun Wagenpfeil, Elisabeth Kaiser, Erich-Franz Solomayer, Michael Zemlin, Sybelle Goedicke-Fritz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: B cells; T cells; B1 cells; human; white blood cells; cord blood; development; ontogeny; sex differences; gender medicine

Online: 12 June 2023 (13:33:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0833.v1

The Price of Human Evolution: Cancer-Testis-Antigens, the Decline in Male Fertility and the Increase in Cancer

Jekaterina Erenpreisa, Ninel M Vainshelbaum, Marija Lazovska, Roberts Karklins, Kristine Salmina, Pawel Zayakin, Felikss Rumnieks, Inna Inashkina, Dace Pjanova, Juris Erenpreiss

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Cancer-testis-antigens; parthenogenetic; polyploid giant cancer cells; PGCCs; genome fragility; phylostratigraphic analysis; innate immunity-placentation; endogenous retroviruses; sex determination; male infertility; endocrine disruption; environmental pollution

Online: 12 June 2023 (12:59:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0813.v1

An Analytical Study of Unveiling Gender-Based Harassment in Cyberspace: An Exploration of Realities and Experiences

Hajra Khan, Dr Tahira Basharat, Dr Imran Hayat

Subject: Social Sciences, Gender And Sexuality Studies Keywords: gender-based harassment; cyberspace; cyber harassment; domestic abuse; law enforcement

Online: 12 June 2023 (09:49:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1941.v1

Coping as a Mediator between Attachment and Depression either in Pregnancy or in the Early Postpartum Period: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach

Mario Altamura, Ivana Leccisotti, Laura De Masi, Fiammetta Gallone, Livia Ficarella, Melania Severo, Simona Biancofiore, Antonio Ventriglio, Annamaria Petito, Giuseppe Maruotti, Luigi Nappi, Antonello Bellomo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Perinatal Depression; Attachment Style; Coping Strategies; Gender Medicine; Women Health

Online: 26 May 2023 (14:42:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1657.v1

Metabolic Dysregulation Explains the Diverse Impacts of Obesity in Males and Females with Gastrointestinal Cancers

Spencer R. Rosario, Bowen Dong, Yali Zhang, Hua-Hsin Hsiao, Emily Isenhart, Jianmin Wang, Erin M. Siegel, Arta Monir Monjazeb, Dwight H. Owen, Prasenjit Dey, Fred K. Tabung, Daniel Spakowicz, William J. Murphy, Stephen B. Edge, Sai Yendamuri, Sami Ibrahimi, Jill M. Kolesar, Patsy H. McDonald, Deepak Vadehra, Michelle Churchman, Song Liu, Pawel Kalinsky, Sarbajit Mukherjee

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: obesity; gender; metabolism; cancer; gastrointestinal

Online: 23 May 2023 (12:43:10 CEST)

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Background: The prevalence of obesity, defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2, has reached epidemic levels. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of various cancers, including gastrointestinal ones. Recent evidence has suggested that obesity disproportionately impacts males and females with cancer, resulting in varied transcriptional and metabolic dysregulation. Methods: This study aimed to elucidate the differences in the metabolic milieu of adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal (GI) track both related and unrelated to sex in obesity. To demonstrate these obesity and sex-related effects, we utilized three primary data sources: serum metabolomics from obese and non-obese patients assessed via the Biocrates MxP Quant 500 mass spectrometry-based kit, the ORIEN tumor RNA-sequencing data for all adenocarcinoma cases to assess the impacts of obesity, and publicly available TCGA transcriptional analysis to assess GI cancers and sex-related differences in GI cancers specifically. We applied and integrated our unique transcriptional metabolic pipeline in combination with our metabolomics data to reveal how obesity and sex can dictate differential metabolism in patients. Results: Differentially expressed genes (DEG) analysis of ORIEN obese adenocarcinoma as compared to normal-weight adenocarcinoma patients resulted in large-scale transcriptional reprogramming (4029 DEGs, adj. p < 0.05 and |logFC|>0.58). Gene Set Enrichment and metabolic pipeline analysis showed genes enriched for pathways relating to immunity (inflammation, and CD40 signaling, among others) and metabolism. Specifically, we found alterations to steroid metabolism and tryptophan/kynurenine metabolism in obese patients, both of which are highly associated with disease severity and immune cell dysfunction. These findings were further confirmed using the TCGA colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (ESCA) data, which showed similar patterns of increased tryptophan catabolism for kynurenine production in obese patients. These patients further showed disparate alterations between males and females when comparing obese to non-obese patient populations. Alterations to immune and metabolic pathways were validated in 6 patients (2 obese and 4 normal weight) via CD8+/CD4+ peripheral blood mononuclear cell RNA-sequencing and paired serum metabolomics, which showed differential kynurenine and lipid metabolism, which corresponded with altered T-cell transcriptome in obese populations. Conclusions: Overall, obesity is associated with differential transcriptional and metabolic program in various disease sites. Further, these alterations, like kynurenine and tryptophan metabolism, which impact both metabolism and immune phenotype, vary with sex and obesity together. This study warrants further in-depth investigation into obesity and sex-related alterations in cancers that may better define biomarkers of response to immunotherapy.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1568.v1

Gender: a Postmodern idea Developed in Association with the Modern Concept of Sex; Implications for Evolving Sexuality

Carol Nash

Subject: Social Sciences, Gender And Sexuality Studies Keywords: gender; modern thought; sex; capitalism; standardization; eugenics; postmodern thought; sexuality

Online: 23 May 2023 (04:42:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1448.v1

Protocol for Evaluating the Impact and Scalability of Reseaux des Femmes Programme for Using Homegrown Solutions to Reduce and Redistribute Unpaid Care Work among Women in Rwanda

Pamela Abbott, Dickson Malunda, Ismael Byaruhanga

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: Rwanda; Unpaid care work; Critical realism; Cluster randomised control trial; Gender transformative change; Gender equality and women’s empowermenttransformative change, Gender equality and women’s empowerment

Online: 19 May 2023 (16:02:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1440.v1

Development of an Accurate Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Assay for Genetic Sex Identification in Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) based on Male-specific anti-Mullerian Hormone (amh) Gene

Kasidis Chaiyasut, Paul Merviel, Peter Palma, Johanna Perschthaler, Eduardo Jimenez Fernandez, Andrew Davie, Alejandro P. Gutierrez

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Anti-Müllerian hormone; Cyclopterus lumpus; Male-specific marker; Genetic sex identification

Online: 19 May 2023 (11:36:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1334.v1

Interpersonal and Intimate Violence in Mexican Youth: Drug Use, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Silvia Morales Chainé, Gonzalo Bacigalupe, Rebeca Robles García, Alejandra Lopez Montoya, Violeta Felix Romero, Mireya Atzala Imaz Gispert

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: victimizing and perpetrating violence; interpersonal and intimate violence; harmful alcohol and drug use; mental health symptoms; paths of violence; gender

Online: 18 May 2023 (10:46:13 CEST)

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The COVID-19 pandemic may have increased interpersonal and intimate violence, harmful use of alcohol and other drugs (AOD), and mental health problems. The present study uses a valid path model to describe relationships between these conditions of young Mexicans during the second year of the pandemic. A sample of 7,420 young Mexicans ages 18 to 24—two-thirds of whom were women—completed the Life Events Checklist, the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test, the Major-Depressive-Episode Checklist, the Generalized Anxiety Scale, and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist. Young Mexicans reported higher rates of victimization and perpetration of interpersonal and intimate violence and mental health symptomatology than those noted pre-pandemic and in the first year of the pandemic. Harmful use of AOD rates were like those reported by adolescents before. Findings suggested asymmetric victimization and perpetration of intimate violence by gender (with women being at a higher risk than men, p≤.05). More men than women engaged in the harmful use of AOD (except for sedatives, which more women abuse). In contrast, more women than men were at risk of all mental health conditions. The path model indicates that being a victim of intimate violence predicts harmful use of tobacco, alcohol, cocaine, and sedatives, depression, anxiety, and specific PTSD symptoms (such as re-experimentation and avoidance symptoms). Being a victim of interpersonal violence resulted in severe PTSD symptoms (including avoidance, negative alterations in cognition-mood, and hyperarousal signs). Harmful use of sedatives predicted depressive symptoms. Men´s victimizing intimate violence model contrasted with that of women, which also included being the victim of interpersonal violence and severe PTSD symptoms. The high school youth model had three paths -victimizing-intimate violence, victimizing-interpersonal abuse, and sedative use, which predicted depression. The findings of this study could serve as the basis for future studies exploring mechanisms that predict violence patterns to develop the most cost-effective preventive programs and public policies and to address mental health conditions during community emergencies.

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1119.v1

Adult-Type Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Testis: A Report of a Case and a Discussion of the Literature

Georgios Zervopoulos, Nikolaos Mitsimponas, Filippos Venetsanos, Athanasios Papathanasis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Urology And Nephrology Keywords: Testis; granulosa-cell tumor; adult–type; sex cord-stromal tumor of testis; testicular cancer

Online: 16 May 2023 (07:27:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0911.v1

Age Profiles for SARS-CoV-2 Variants in England and Wales and States of the USA (2020 to 2022): Impact on All-Cause Mor-Tality

Rodney P Jones, Andrey Ponomarenko

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID–19; all-cause mortality; single year of age; gender; complex system; pathogen interference; seasonality; small RNAs

Online: 12 May 2023 (09:01:29 CEST)

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Since 2020 COVID-19 has caused serious mortality around the world. Given the ambiguity in es-tablishing COVID-19 as the direct cause of death we first investigate the effects of age and sex upon all-cause mortality during 2020 and 2021 in England and Wales. Since infectious agents have their own unique age profile for death, we explore several methods to adjust single year of age deaths in England and Wales during 2019 (the pre-COVID-19 base year) to a pathogen-neutral single year of age baseline. This adjusted base year is then used to confirm the widely reported higher deaths in males for most ages above 43 years in both 2020 and 2021. During 2020 (+ COVID-19 but no vac-cination) both male and female population-adjusted deaths were significantly increased above age 35. A significant reduction in all-cause mortality among both males and females aged 75+ could be demonstrated in 2021 during widespread COVID–19 vaccination, however, below age 75 deaths progressively increased. This finding arises from a mix of vaccination and year of age profiles of deaths for the different SARS-CoV-2 variants. In addition, specific effects for age around puberty were demonstrated where females had higher deaths rather than males. There is evidence that year-of-birth cohorts may also be involved, indicating that immune priming to specific pathogen outbreaks in the past may lead to lower deaths for some birth cohorts. To specifically identify the age profile for the COVID-19 variants in 2020 to 2023, we employ the proportion of total deaths at each age which are potentially due to or ‘with’ COVID-19. The original Wuhan strain, and the Alpha variant show somewhat limited divergence in the age profile with the Alpha variant shifted to a moderately higher proportion of deaths below age 84. The Delta variant specifically targeted persons below age 65. The Omicron variants showed significantly lower proportion of overall mortality, with markedly higher relative proportion of deaths above age 65 steeply increasing with age to a maximum around 100 years of age. A similar age profile for the variants can be seen in the age-banded deaths in US states – although slightly obscured by using age bands rather than single year of age. However, the US data shows that higher male deaths are greatly dependent on age and the COVID-variant. Deaths determined as ‘due to’ COVID-19 (as opposed to ‘involving’ COVID-19) in England and Wales were especially over-estimated in 2021 relative to the change in all-cause mortality. This arose as a by-product of an increase in COVID-19 testing capacity in late 2020. Potential structure-function mechanisms for the year of age specificity of SARS-CoV-2 var-iants are discussed. The question is posed as to whether vaccines based on different variants carry the specific age profile through into the vaccine.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0853.v1

Factors that Affect Perceptions of Gig Workers

Zed Carroll

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: gig work; Gender Bias; Online; Freelance; Stigma

Online: 11 May 2023 (12:40:52 CEST)

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Just 2 years ago, 35% of Americans were involved with gig work. According to Statista, over half of Americans will be freelancing through online gig work by 2027. Research on how consumers select gig workers, or taskers, is still mostly underexplored. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential impact of a tasker's gender and self-presentation in their profile picture on consumer perceptions and choices. We proposed that taskers who have a professional headshot as the profile picture will receive higher ratings on competence, warmth, and trustworthiness than taskers whose profile picture is a selfie. We also proposed that taskers who smile in their profile picture will receive higher ratings on competency, warmth, and trustworthiness than taskers who do not smile. Furthermore, we predicted that professionalism has a stronger positive impact on perceptions of male taskers than on female taskers for our third hypothesis. Lastly, we hypothesized that gender bias exists on gig platforms, such that smiling will have a stronger positive effect on female taskers’ competence, warmth, and trustworthiness than on male taskers. Our study had 292 Kennesaw State University students who were tested online through Qualtrics. Our first and second hypotheses are not supported but our last two have partial support. There is a significant main effect of gender, and we find that male taskers are rated significantly higher on competence, warmth, and trustworthiness, compared to female taskers. Professional photos give male taskers an advantage over professional female taskers and female taskers are punished more for not smiling than male taskers. Future directions include looking into factors such as Race, Age, or background setting could be investigated. Conducting similar tests in a larger and more externally valid setting could yield more concrete results. Continuation into this new area of gig work could lead the way into revolutionizing how freelancers conduct their public appearance or how gig work platforms could handle this new market.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0677.v1

Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival

Alessandro Allegra, Santino Caserta, Sara Genovese, Giovanni Pioggia, Sebastiano Gangemi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: gender differences; cancer; oxidative stress; oestrogens; testosterone; antioxidant; reactive oxygen species; sex hormones; mitochondria.

Online: 10 May 2023 (03:44:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0577.v1

Parenting, Gender, and Perception of Changes in Children's Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Jael Vargas-Rubilar, María Cristina Richaud, Cinthia Balabanian, Viviana Lemos

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: parenting; gender; children’s behavioral changes; pandemic

Online: 9 May 2023 (05:40:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0531.v1

Oleksandr Kuchanskyi, Yurii Andrashko, Andrii Biloshchytskyi, Serik Omirbayev, Aidos Mukhatayev, Svitlana Biloshchytska, Adil Faizullin

Subject: Social Sciences, Gender And Sexuality Studies Keywords: PageRank; gender inequality; citation impact; scientific research; research productivity; scientometrics

Online: 8 May 2023 (11:02:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0353.v1

Impact of COVID-19 on Quality of Life in Long-term Advanced Rectal Cancer Survivors

Daniel Anton Blasko, Claudia Schweizer, Tim Fitz, Christoph Schröter, Christopher Sörgel, Annett Kallies, Rainer Fietkau, Luitpold Valentin Distel

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: quality of life; COVID-19; pandemic; rectal cancer; radiochemotherapy; age; sex; stage

Online: 5 May 2023 (10:39:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0165.v1

Computed Tomographic Features of Thymus Gland in Dogs: Correlation with Age, Gender, Breed and Body Fat Content

Mohammad Molazem, Sarang Soroori, Alireza Bahonar, Saghar Karimi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Computed tomography, Thymus Gland, Dog, Age, Gender, Breed, Body Fat

Online: 4 May 2023 (02:59:54 CEST)

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: Background: The thymus gland is the first lymphoid organ formed to regulate a newborn's immunity. It reaches its maximum size during puberty, after which it undergoes an atrophic procedure called involution, but its ability to grow again in response to some stresses, such as infections, neoplasia, surgeries, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy is maintained. There is not any comprehensive study on computed tomographic features of thymus gland in dogs. So, the goal of the present study is to achieve some information about thymus gland using computed tomography as a non-invasive method. Methods: One hundred and fifty dogs classified in 5 age groups and 2 breed groups were entered to this study and the thymus gland was evaluated using 2-slice computed tomography machine. The inclusion criteria for the present study were having normal complete blood count, plain and post-contrast CT scan examination of thoracic region and no history of neoplasia, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The visibility, density, enhancement, grade, size, volume, shape, borders and lateralization of the thymus were evaluated and statistical analysis were performed. The effect of obesity on thymic grade and volume were also investigated. Results: The visibility, density, dorsal length, volume and grade decreased with increasing age. The thymic shape and lateralization were mostly wedge-shaped and left sided respectively. The borders became concave with aging and increasing body fat content caused to increase fatty degeneration of thymus. Conclusions: Declining of thymic density, grade, size and volume with aging was related to thymic involution and fatty degeneration was accelerated by increasing body fat content. Females and Males were different only in thymic shape and small and large breeds were different only in thymic volume. The thymus was visible in some geriatric dogs with no underlying disease. We hope that the present work can be used by radiologists in reading thoracic computed tomography but investigation of thymic characteristics in dogs with neoplasia and history of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and thoracic surgeries can complete this study.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1276.v1

Understanding Transcription Factors and How They Affect Metabolic Processes in Cucumber Sex Determination

Szymon Turek, Aparna Aparna, Agnieszka Skarzyńska, Wojciech Pląder, Magdalena Pawełkowicz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: transcription factors; interactome network; sex development; sex determination; Cucumber (Cucumis sativus); metabolomic processes

Online: 1 May 2023 (00:01:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1102.v1

Sex Specificities of Human Placental Adaptive Changes: The Influence of Maternal Obesity

Esther Dos Santos, Marta Hita Hernandez, Valérie Sérazin, François Vialard, Marie-Noëlle Dieudonné

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Maternal obesity; placenta; environmental adaptation; sex specificities; reproduction

Online: 28 April 2023 (04:06:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0731.v1

Street Guide as a Literary Genre: La Manada City

María del Mar López-Cabrales, Ioseph Cabeza-Lainez, Inmaculada Rodriguez-Cunill

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Art Keywords: urbanism; surrealism; literary devices; maps and plans; cities; gender; painting; architecture; literary genre; poetry.

Online: 23 April 2023 (02:43:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0709.v1

Structural Relationship between Psychological Needs and Sport Adherence for Students Participating in Physical Education Class

Juan M. García-Ceberino, Sebastián Feu, María G. Gamero, Sergio J. Ibáñez

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: invasion sport; gender; primary school; sport experience; structural equation

Online: 21 April 2023 (10:03:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0622.v1

A Systematic Review of Qualitative Research Literature and a Thematic Synthesis of Older LGBTQ People’s Experiences of Quality of Life, Minority Joy, Resilience, Minority Stress, Discrimination, and Stigmatization in Japan and Sweden

Anna Sofia Bratt, Ann-Christine Petersson Hjelm, Matilda Wurm, Richard Huntley, Yoshihisa Hirakawa, Tsukasa Muraya

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: aging; aged; sexual and gender minorities; quality of life; stereotyping; social discrimination

Online: 20 April 2023 (07:49:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0542.v1

Human Papillomavirus Epidemiology and Prevention: Is There Still a Gender Gap?

Giovanna Milano, Giovanni Guarducci, Nicola Nante, Emanuele Montomoli, Ilaria Manini

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: Human papillomavirus; Epidemiology; Prevention Strategies; Vaccination; Screening; Cervical Cancer; Gender Gap

Online: 19 April 2023 (04:32:32 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0419.v1

Intimate Partner Violence in the Khaliji Women: A Review of Frequency and Associated Factors

Maisa H Al Kiyumi, Asma Said Al Shidhani, Hana Al Sumri, Yaqoub Al Saidi, Amira Al Harrasi, Maryam Al Kiyumi, Sanaa Al Sumri, Aseel Al Toubi, Maithili Shetty, Samir Al-Adawi

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Intimate partner violence; Domestic violence; Prevalence rates, forms of IPV (physical, sexual, emotional, economic); Risk factors; cultural attitudes towards violence and gender roles, GCC, Arab, Khaliji

Online: 17 April 2023 (07:22:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0248.v1

Effect of Age, Sex, and COVID-19 Vaccination History on All-Cause Mortality: Unexpected Outcomes in a Complex Biological and Social System

Rodney P Jones, Andrey Ponomarenko

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: COVID–19; vaccination; all-cause mortality; age; gender; complex system; pathogen interference; seasonality; miRNAs; nonspecific vaccine effects

Online: 12 April 2023 (07:06:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0083.v1

Art and Urbanization of Violence

Maria del Mar López-Cabrales, Ioseph Cabeza-Lainez, Inmaculada Rodríguez Cunill

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Literature And Literary Theory Keywords: urbanism; surrealism; literary devices; maps and plans; violence; harassment; cities; gender; painting; architecture

Online: 6 March 2023 (02:39:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0049.v1

Dietary and Sexual Correlates of Gut Microbiota in the Japa-Nese Gecko, Gekko japonicus (Schlegel, 1836)

Xin-Ru Jiang, Ying-Yu Dai, Yu-Rong Wang, Kun Guo, Yu Du, Jian-Fang Gao, Long-Hui Lin, Peng Li, Hong Li, Xiang Ji, Yan-Fu Qu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: ASVs; diet habit; Gekko japonicus; gut microbiota; sex

Online: 3 March 2023 (01:31:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0519.v1

The Effect on HbA1c Levels of Age and Gender in Adults Without Diabetes Mellitus

Gülşen Şener, Esra Deniz Kahvecioğlu, Başak Can, Alper Gümüş, Semih Beyazıt Yeşil, Betül Evran

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; HbA1c; gender; age; correlation

Online: 28 February 2023 (10:39:45 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0516.v1

The Confound of Hemodynamic Response Function Variability in Resting-State Functional MRI Studies

D Rangaprakash, Robert Barry, Gopikrishna Deshpande

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: BOLD fMRI; HRF; resting state connectivity; aging; sex differences; confound

Online: 28 February 2023 (09:32:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0056.v2

Women’s Participation in Leadership Roles in a Single Canadian Paramedic Service

Justin Mausz, Sarah Salvis, Dominique Arseneau-Bruneau, Elizabeth Donnelly

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: Emergency Medical Services; paramedics; gender; diversity

Online: 15 February 2023 (04:34:52 CET)

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Introduction: Like other public safety professions, paramedicine has historically been a male-dominated occupation, both in the demography of its workforce and in its organizational culture. Although women are increasingly choosing paramedicine as a career, participation in leadership roles remains limited. Drawing on data from a recent comprehensive mental health survey, we describe the proportion of women in leadership in a single, large, urban paramedic service in Ontario, Canada. Methods: We distributed an in-person, paper-based survey during the fall 2019 - winter 2020 Continuing Medical Education (CME) sessions. Participating paramedics completed a demographic questionnaire alongside a battery of mental health screening tools. We assessed the demography of the workforce and explored differences in employment classification, provider level (e.g., primary vs. advanced care), and participation in formal leadership roles along self-reported gender lines. Results: Out of 607 paramedics attending CME, we received 600 completed surveys, with 11 excluded for missing data, leaving 589 for analysis and a 97% response rate. Women comprised 40% of the active-duty paramedic workforce, with an average of 8 years of experience. Compared to men, women were more than twice as likely to have a university degree (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.02), but almost half as likely to practice at the Advanced Care Paramedic level (OR 0.61), and somewhat less likely to be employed full-time (OR 0.77). Women were nearly 70% less likely to hold a leadership role in the service compared to men (OR 0.36), occupying just 20% of leadership positions. Conclusion: Although paramedicine is witnessing an encouraging shift in the demography of its workforce with greater participation from women, there is still work to be done, particularly in leadership. Future research should focus on identifying and ameliorating barriers to career advancement among women and other historically underrepresented people.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0403.v1

Are Men Better at Recognizing Emojis than Facial Expressions?

Linda Dalle Nogare, Alice Cerri, Alice Mado Proverbio

Subject: Social Sciences, Cognitive Science Keywords: visual perception; emotion; emoji; emoticon; sex differences; anger; fear; emotional communication; texting

Online: 23 January 2023 (08:43:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0420.v1

Normative scores for CrossFit® Open Workouts: 2011 - 2022

Gerald T. Mangine, Nina Grundlingh, Yuri Feito

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: fitness assessment; sport-specific; athlete classification; high-intensity functional training; sex differences

Online: 22 December 2022 (06:34:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0211.v1

Klotho Regulated by Estrogen Plays a Key Role in Sex Differences in Stress Resilience

Zhinei Tan, Yongxia Li, Yinzheng Guan, Javed Iqbal, Chenyue Wang, Xinming Ma

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: klotho; estrogen; hippocampus; chronic stress; sex difference; stress resilience

Online: 13 December 2022 (01:09:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0185.v1

De Novo Assembly and Annotation of 11 Diverse Shrub Willow (Salix) Genomes Reveals Novel Gene Organization in Sex-Linked Regions

Brennan Hyden, Kai Feng, Timothy B Yates, Sara Jawdy, Chelsea Cereghino, Lawrence B Smart, Wellington Muchero

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Salix; shrub willow; genome assembly; sex determination

Online: 12 December 2022 (01:46:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0152.v1

Eugenio Martelli, Matilde Zamboni, Giovanni Sotgiu, Laura Saderi, Massimo Federici, Giuseppe Massimo Sangiorgi, Mariangela Valentina Puci, Allegra Rosa Martelli, Teresa Messina, Paolo Frigatti, Maria Pia Borrelli, Carlo Ruotolo, Ilaria Ficarelli, Paolo Rubino, Francesco Pezzo, Luciano Carbonari, Andrea Angelini, Edoardo Galeazzi, Luca Calia Di Pinto, Franco Michelino Fiore, Armado Palmieri, Giorgio Ventoruzzo, Giulia Mazzitelli, Franco Ragni, Antonio Bozzani, Enzo Forliti, Claudio Castagno, Pietro Volpe, Mafalda Massara, Diego Moniaci, Elisa Pagliasso, Tania Peretti, Mauro Ferrari, Nicola Troisi, Pietro Modugno, Maurizio Maiorano, Umberto Marcello Bracale, Marco Panagrosso, Mario Monaco, Giovanni Giordano, Giuseppe Natalicchio, Antonella Biello, Giovanni Maria Celoria, Alessio Amico, Mauro Di Bartolo, Massimiliano Martelli, Roberta Munaó, Davide Razzano, Giovanni Colacchio, Francesco Bussetti, Gaetano Lanza, Antonio Cardini, Bartolomeo Di Benedetto, Mario De Laurentis, Maurizio Taurino, Pasqualino Sirignano, Pierluigi Cappiello, Andrea Esposito, Santi Trimarchi, Silvia Romagnoli, Andrea Padricelli, Giorgio Giudice, Adolfo Crinisio, Giovanni Di Nardo, Giuseppe Battaglia, Rosario Tringale, Salvatore De Vivo, Rita Compagna, Valerio Stefano Tolva, Ilenia D'Alessio, Ruggiero Curci, Simona Giovannetti, Giuseppe D'Arrigo, Giusi Basile, Dalmazio Frigerio, Gian Franco Veraldi, Luca Mezzetto, Arnaldo Ippoliti, Fabio Massimo Oddi, Alberto Maria Settembrini

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: chronic limb-threatening ischemia; outcome; sex; age; limb salvage

Online: 8 December 2022 (09:39:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0549.v1

The Relationship between Ambient Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Pollution and Depression: An Analysis of Data from 185 Countries

Ravi Philip Rajkumar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: air pollution; PM2.5; depression; inflammation; ecological analysis; climate; gender

Online: 29 November 2022 (10:12:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0367.v1

Self-Efficacy for Sustainable Gender Equality Practice in STEM Teacher Education in Spain and Greece

Cristina Miralles-Cardona, Ioanna Kitta

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: Sustainable gender equality; self-efficacy; gender mainstreaming; STEM higher education; STEM student teachers’ perceptions; scale validation, Spain, Creece

Online: 21 November 2022 (03:38:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0355.v1

Risk Assessment of Transgender People: Development of Rodent Models Mimicking Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapies and Identification of Sex-Dimorphic Liver Genes as Novel Biomarkers of Sex Transition

Roberta Tassinari, Alessia Tammaro, Gabriele Lori, Sabrina Tait, Andrea Martinelli, Luigia Cangemi, Paolo Frassanito, Francesca Maranghi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: testosterone; estrogen; cyprotenone acetate; masculinizing; feminizing; cytochrome P450; sex-specific genes

Online: 18 November 2022 (10:10:00 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0215.v1

Alterations in Kidney Structures Caused by Age Vary According to Sex and Dehydration Condition

Susana Quirós Cognuck, Lucas Ferreira de Almeida, Wagner L. Reis, Márcia S. Silva, Gislaine Almeida Pereira, Sandra V. Zorro, André S. Mecawi, Terezila Machado Coimbra, Lucila L.K. Elias, José Antunes Antunes Rodrigues

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: aging; body composition; kidney; sex differences

Online: 11 November 2022 (03:53:06 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0075.v1

Use of Antiandrogens as Therapeutic Agents in COVID-19 Patients

Efstathios S. Giotis, Emine Cil, Greg N. Brooke

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: coronavirus; TMPRSS2; ACE2; SARS-CoV-2; androgens; sex hormones; antiandrogens

Online: 3 November 2022 (09:21:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0377.v1

Calibrating A Comprehensive Immune Age Metric to Analyze the Cross Sectional Age-Related Decline in Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Peter Bröde, Maren Claus, Patrick D. Gajewski, Stephan Getzmann, Klaus Golka, Jan G. Hengstler, Edmund Wascher, Carsten Watzl

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: aging; immunosenescence; physical fitness; physical activity; obesity; sex

Online: 26 September 2022 (05:00:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0361.v1

Impact of Sex in Left Atrial Indices for Prognosis of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Shiro Hoshida, Koichi Tachibana, Nobutaka Masunaga, Yukinori Shinoda, Tomoko Minamisaka, Hirooki Inui, Keisuke Ueno, Masahiro Seo, Masamichi Yano, Takaharu Hayashi, Akito Nakagawa, Yusuke Nakagawa, Shunsuke Tamaki, Takahisa Yamada, Yoshio Yasumura, Yohei Sotomi, Shungo Hikoso, Daisaku Nakatani, Yasushi Sakata

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Ed/Ea; Fine-Gray model; HFpEF; LAVI; sex

Online: 23 September 2022 (08:09:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0093.v1

Polypharmacy Management in a Gender Perspective: at the Heart of The Problem. Analysis of Major Cardiac Diseases, Sars-Cov-2 Affection and Gender in a Cohort of Patients in Internal Medicine Ward

Filomena Pietrantonio, Angela Ciamei, Antonio Vinci, Tiziana Ciarambino, Elena Alessi, Matteo Pascucci, Michela Delli Castelli, Silvia Zito, Simona Sanguedolce, Marianna Rainone, Jacopo Di Lorenzo, Fabio Vinci, Giulia Laurelli, Claudia Di Iorio, Roberto Corsi, Serafino Ricci, Alessandra Di Berardino, Matteo Ruggeri, Francesco Rosiello

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Polypharmacy management, COVID -19, Gender medicine, economic perspective

Online: 7 September 2022 (02:29:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0178.v1

A Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals New Genes in a Molecular Network Associated With Alcohol Dependence and Related Clinical Measures

Anastasia Levchenko, Sergey Malov, Alexey Antonik, Anastasia Protsvetkina, Kseniya V. Rybakova, Alexander Kanapin, Alexey N. Yakovlev, Anna Y. Nenasteva, Anton E. Nikolishin, Nikolay Cherkasov, Natalia A. Chuprova, Anna S. Blagonravova, Angelica V. Sergeeva, Tatyana V. Zhilyaeva, Maria K. Denisenko, Raul R. Gainetdinov, Alexander O. Kibitov, And Evgeny M. Krupitsky

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: alcohol dependence; comorbidity; gene network; genome-wide association study; sex differences

Online: 9 August 2022 (10:35:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0384.v1

Clinical and Evolutionary Features of SARS Cov-2 Infection (COVID-19) in Children, A Romanian Perspective

George Jugulete, Daniela Pacurar, Mirela Luminita Pavelescu, Mihaela Safta, Elena Gheorghe, Bianca Borcos, Carmen Pavelescu, Mihaela Oros, Madalina Merisescu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; children; clinical features; comorbidities; male genderSARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, children, clinical features, comorbidities, male gender

Online: 26 July 2022 (04:43:02 CEST)

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Background: Given the potential for additional development to clarify a better knowledge of the overall impact of COVID-19 on the pediatric population, the clinical symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents are still being explored. Morbidity in children is characterized by a variable clinical course. Our study's goal was to compare clinical aspects of 230 pediatric patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were hospitalized between April 2020 and March 2022. Methods: In a retrospective analysis, we compared two groups hospitalized in the infectious diseases clinical ward IX at the National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Prof. Dr. Matei Bals," Bucharest, Romania. The first group of 88 patients was admitted between (April–December 2020) and their clinical manifestations were compared with the second group of 142 children followed between July 2021 and March 2022. Results: Of 230 children, the median age was 4.5 (interquartile range 0.6-17) years, 53.9% were male. 88 (36.21%) patients (first group) were admitted during the second wave in Romania, mostly aged < 5 years old, and experienced digestive manifestations like fever (p=0.001), and diarrhoea (p=0.004). The second group experienced different clinical signs when compared with the first group, with higher temperature and increased respiratory symptoms analogous to those of acute respiratory viral infections. The proportion in the second group increased, and 64.5% had symptoms for a median interval of 5 days; age (0-4 -years old) and length of stay were both proportionally inversely (p<0.01) and with correlation with hospital admission (p = 0.04). We report two Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS) in the second group, with favourable evolution under treatment. Comorbidities were risk factors for complications appear (p < 0.001) in both groups. All paediatric cases admitted to our clinic evolved favourably and no death was recorded. Conclusions: In the first group children experienced digestive symptoms, whereas the second group experienced mild and moderate respiratory symptoms. We confirmed risk factors for severe cases as manifestations across the age spectrum, 0-4 (digestive symptoms) and 5-12 years old (for respiratory symptoms), associated comorbidities, fever, and male gender. The potential effects of COVID-19 infection in children older than 5 years should encourage caregivers to vaccinate and improve the prognosis among pediatric patients at risk.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0187.v1

Comparing Gender Diversity in the Process of Higher Education Expansion among Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and the UK for SDG4-Education 2030

Dian-Fu Chang, Wen-Ching Chou, Tien-Li Chen

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: GDP per capita; Gender parity index (GPI); higher education expansion; trend analysis; gross enrollment ratio (GER)

Online: 12 July 2022 (09:37:40 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0125.v1

A Fish of Multiple Faces, which Show us Enigmatic and Incredible Phenomena in Nature: Biology and Cytogenetics of the Genus Carassius

Martin Knytl, Adrian Forsythe, Lukáš Kalous

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: hybridization; sexuality; asexuality; biotype; species; sex determination; ploidy level; Carassius auratus complex

Online: 7 July 2022 (09:56:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0234.v1

Alcohol Dependence Induces CRF Sensitivity in Female Central Amygdala GABA Synapses

Larry Rodriguez, Dean Kirson, Sarah A. Wolfe, Reesha R. Patel, Florence P. Varodayan, Angela E. Snyder, Pauravi J. Gandhi, Sophia Khom, Roman Vlkolinksy, Michal Bajo, Marisa Roberto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: corticotropin releasing factor (CRF); patch-clamp electrophysiology; sex difference; alcohol use disorder (AUD); Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA); central amygdala (CeA); spontaneous inhibitory post synaptic currents (sIPSCs)

Online: 16 June 2022 (08:41:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0121.v1

Factors Modulating COVID-19: A Mechanistic Understanding Based on the Adverse Outcome Pathway Framework

Laure-Alix Clerbaux, Maria Cristina Albertini, Núria Amigó, Anna Beronius, Gillina F.G. Bezemer, Sandra Coecke, Evangelos P. Daskalopoulos, Giusy Del Giudice, Dario Greco, Lucia Grenga, Alberto Mantovani, Amalia Muñoz, Elma Omeragic, Nikolaos Parissis, Mauro Petrillo, Laura A. Saarimäki, Helena Soares, Kristie Sullivan, Brigitte Landesmann

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 infection; COVID-19; modulating factors; Adverse Outcome Pathway; sex; age; co-morbidities; lifestyle; environment; pre-existing conditions

Online: 8 June 2022 (09:47:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0108.v1

Neuropsychological Findings in Adults with Triple X Syndrome

Maarten Otter, Bea Campforts, Connie TRM Stumpel, Thérèse Van Amelsvoort, Claudia Vingerhoets, Marjan Drukker

Subject: Social Sciences, Cognitive Science Keywords: Triple X syndrome; Adults; Neurocognitive functioning; Sex Chromosomal Disorders; Attention; Psychomotor speed; Executive functioning

Online: 7 June 2022 (11:26:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0409.v1

Are There Sex Differences in Self-Reported Childhood Maltreatment in Major Depressive and Bipolar Disorders? A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Daniela Caldirola, Tatiana Torti, Francesco Cuniberti, Silvia Daccò, Alessandra Alciati, Koen Schruers, Giovanni Martinotti, Domenico De Berardis, Giampaolo Perna

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: childhood trauma; major depressive disorder; bipolar disorder; sex difference; age

Online: 31 May 2022 (03:39:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0295.v1

Sex Differences in Nutritional Status and Associated Risk Factors Among Cardiovascular Disease (Cvd) Patients in Lahore, Pakistan; A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study

Amina Faheem, Qaisar Raza, Sanaullah Iqbal, Rakhshanda Batool, Umer Faheem

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases; Sex differences; Pakistani; Dietary intake patterns

Online: 23 May 2022 (10:30:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0055.v2

The Nine-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale (IGDS9-SF): Its Psychometric Properties Among Sri Lankan Students and Measurement Invariance Across Sri Lanka, Turkey, Australia, and the USA

Amira Mohammed Ali, Rasmieh Al-Amer, Maha Atout, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Ayman M. Hamdan Mansour, Haitham Khatatbeh, Abdulmajeed A. Alkhamees, Amin Omar Hendawy

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Coronavirus disease 2019/COVID-19; Internet Gaming Disorder Scale9—Short form (IGDS9-SF); university students; factorial structure/psychometric properties/structural validity/validation; cultur*/collectivisti*/individualis*; invariance; gender; game type

Online: 21 March 2022 (11:04:57 CET)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0134.v1

Purplewashing and Gender Parity: Break the Bias

Margarita L Martinez-Fierro, Idalia Garza-Veloz

Subject: Social Sciences, Gender And Sexuality Studies Keywords: Purplewashing; gender equality; quality of life for women; International Women's Day

Online: 10 March 2022 (02:14:45 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0380.v2

Considerations and Challenges for Sex-Aware Drug Repurposing

Jennifer Fisher, Emma Jones, Victoria Flanary, Avery Williams, Elizabeth Ramsey, Brittany Lasseigne

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: sex differences; drug repurposing; sex-bias; sex-aware; review; therapeutics; pharmaceuticals; computational drug repurposing

Online: 8 March 2022 (10:34:42 CET)

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Sex differences are essential factors in disease etiology and manifestation in many diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegeneration (1). The biological influence of sex differences (including genomic, epigenetic, hormonal, immunological, and metabolic differences between males and females) and the lack of biomedical studies considering sex differences in their study design has led to several policies. For example, the National Institute of Health’s (NIH) sex as a biological variable (SABV) and Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER)) policies to motivate researchers to consider sex differences (2). However, drug repurposing, a promising alternative to traditional drug discovery by identifying novel uses for FDA-approved drugs, lacks sex-aware methods that can improve the identification of drugs that have sex-specific responses (1,3–5). Sex-aware drug repurposing methods either select drug candidates that are more efficacious in one sex or deprioritize drug candidates based on if they are predicted to cause a sex-bias adverse event (SBAE), unintended therapeutic effects that are more likely to occur in one sex. Computational drug repurposing methods are encouraging approaches to develop for sex-aware drug repurposing because they can prioritize sex-specific drug candidates or SBAEs at lower cost and time than traditional drug discovery. Sex-aware methods currently exist for clinical, genomic, and transcriptomic information (3,6,7). They have not expanded to other data types, such as DNA variation, which has been beneficial in other drug repurposing methods that do not consider sex (8). Additionally, some sex-aware methods suffer from poorer performance because a disproportionate number of male and female samples are available to train computational methods (3). However, there is development potential for several different categories (i.e., data mining, ligand binding predictions, molecular associations, and networks). Low-dimensional representations of molecular association and network approaches are also especially promising candidates for future sex-aware drug repurposing methodologies because they reduce the multiple hypothesis testing burden and capture sex-specific variation better than the other methods (9,10). Here we review how sex influences drug response, the current state of drug repurposing including with respect to sex-bias drug response, and how model organism study design choices influence drug repurposing validation.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0113.v1

Loneliness and Emancipation: A Multilevel Analysis of the Connection Between Gender Inequality, Loneliness, and Social Isolation in the ISSP 2017

Janosch Schobin

Subject: Social Sciences, Sociology Keywords: gender inequality; loneliness; couples; multilevel analysis

Online: 8 March 2022 (02:04:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0310.v1

Translating the Biology of Rodents’ Sex-Recognition and Mate-Recognition to Humans’: Bridging the Pheromonal-Visual Gap

Yehuda Salu

Subject: Social Sciences, Behavior Sciences Keywords: Sex-recognition; mate-recognition; sexual orientation; puberty; vomeronasal-organ; VNO; learning sexual behavior; Medial-geniculate-nucleus; MGN; MASH

Online: 24 February 2022 (10:06:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0169.v1

Girls Outperform Boys in Early Syntactic Development? Negative Evidence from Mandarin-Speaking Preschoolers

Nga Yui Tong, Hui Li

Subject: Social Sciences, Language And Linguistics Keywords: sex differences; syntactic development; Mandarin-speaking children

Online: 14 February 2022 (09:19:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0424.v1

Social Networking in Adolescents: Time, Type and Motives of Using, Social Desirability and Communication Choices

Marta Tremolada, Lucio Silingardi, Livia Taverna

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Social networking; adolescents; communication; motives of use; social desirability; gender differences; age differences

Online: 27 December 2021 (11:24:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0247.v1

Fierce Heat and Players’ Health: Examining the View on Japan High School Baseball

Eiji Yamamura

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: high school baseball; health; heatwave; heatstroke; sustainability; environment; gender difference; Japan

Online: 14 December 2021 (18:35:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0219.v1

Intragenic Duplication of DMRT1 in a SRY-Negative Boy with 46,XX Disorder of Sex Development

Veronica Bertini, Fulvia Baldinotti, Nina Tyutyusheva, Camillo Rosano, Cinzia Cosini, Adelaide Maria Caligo, Diego Peroni, Angelo Valetto, Silvano Bertelloni

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: 46,XX disorder of sex development; SRY-negative male; Testis determination; DMRT1; DMRT1 duplication

Online: 14 December 2021 (07:58:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0134.v1

Gender Identification in a Two-Level Hierarchical Speech Emotion Recognition System for an Italian Social Robot

Antonio Guerrieri, Eleonora Braccili, Federica Sgrò, Giulio Meldolesi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Robotics Keywords: Human Robot Interaction (HRI); social robot; Speech Emotion Recognition (SER); Gender Recognition, affective states

Online: 8 December 2021 (14:31:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0075.v1

Dynamic Patterns of Sex Chromosome Evolution in Neognath Birds: Many Independent Barriers to Recombination at the ATP5F1A Locus

Rebecca T. Kimball, Edward L. Braun

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Sex chromosomes; Hill-Robertson interference; male-driven molecular evolution; pseudoautosomal region; pseudogenes; purifying selection; protein structure; Psittaciformes

Online: 6 December 2021 (13:21:10 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0040.v1

The Comparative Analysis of the DNA Repeat Composition among Cannabis Sativa L., Humulus Lupulus L. And Humulus Japonicus Siebold & Zucc. With Heteromorphic Sex Chromosomes

Julia V. Bocharkina, Oleg S. Alexandrov, Olga V. Razumova, Gennady I. Karlov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Cannabis sativa L.; Humulus lupulus L.; Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc.; sex chromosomes; DNA repeats; transposons; genome sequencing

Online: 3 December 2021 (09:25:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0436.v1

DNA Environment of Centromeres and Non-homologous Chromosomes Interactions in Mouse

Victor Spangenberg, Losev Michail, Volkhin Ilya, Svetlana Smirnova, Nikitin Pavel, Oxana Kolomiets

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Prophase I of meiosis; chromatin; synaptonemal complex; chromosome; satellite DNA; chromocenter; nuclear architecture; MSCI; sex chromosomes; interactions of non-homologous chromosomes; chromatin silencing

Online: 23 November 2021 (15:58:17 CET)

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Pericentromeric regions of chromosomes enriched in tandemly repeated satellite DNA although representing a significant part of eukaryotic genomes are still understudied mainly due to interdisciplinary knowledge gaps. Recent studies suggest their important role in genome regulation, karyotype stability and evolution. Thus, the idea of satellite DNA as a junk part of the genome was refuted. Integration of data about molecular composition, chromosome behaviour and details of in situ organization of pericentromeric regions is of great interest. The objective of this work was a cytogenetic analysis of the interactions of pericentromeric regions non-homologous chromosomes in mouse spermatocytes using immuno-FISH. We analysed two events: the associations between cerntomeric regions of X chromosome and autosomes, and associations between centromeric regions of autosomal bivalents forming chromocenters. We conclude that X chromosome form temporary synaptic associations with different autosomes in early meiotic prophase I which normally can be found at pachytene-diplotene without signs of pachytene arrest. These associations are formed between the satellite DNA-enriched centomeric regions of X chromosome and different autosomes but not involve the satellite-poor centromeric region of Y-chromosome. We suggest the mechanism of X chromosome competitive replacement from such associations during synaptic correction. We showed that centromeric region of the X chromosome remains free of γH2Ax-dependent chromatin inactivation, while Y chromosome is completely inactivated. This findings highlights the predominant role of associations between satellite DNA-enriched regions of different chromosomes including X. We assume that X-autosome temporary associations is a manifestation of an additional synaptic disorders checkpoint. These associations are normally corrected before the late diplotene. We revealed that the intense spreading conditions applied to the spermatocytes I nuclei did not lead to destruction of stretched chromatin fibers i.e. elongated chromocenters enriched in satellite DNA. Revealed by us tight associations between pericentromeric regions of different autosomal bivalents and X chromosome may represent the basis for repeat stability maintenance in autosomes an X chromosome. The consequences of our findings are discussed. We obtained the preparations of mouse spermatocytes nuclei in the meiotic prophase I using two approaches: standard and extremely intense surface spread techniques. Using immuno-FISH we visualized tandemly repeated mouse Major and Minor satellite DNA located in the pericentromeric regions of chromosomes and performed a morphological comparison of the standard- and intensely spreaded meiotic nuclei. Based on our results, we assume the remarkable strength of the chromocenter-mediated associations, “chromatin “bridges”, between different bivalents at the pachytene and diplotene stages. We have demonstrated that the chromocenter “bridges” between the centromeric ends of meiotic bivalents are enriched in both tandemly repeated Major and Minor satellite DNA. Association of centromeric regions of autosomal bivalents and X-chromosome but not with Y-chromosome correlates with the absence of Major and Minor satellites on Y-chromosome. We suggest that revealed tight associations between pericentromeric regions of bivalents may represent the network-like system providing dynamic stability of chromosomal territories, as well as add new data for the hypothesis of ectopic recombination in these regions which supports sequence homogeneity between non-homologous chromosomes and does not contradict the meiotic restrictions imposed by the crossing-over interference near centromeres. We conclude that nuclear architecture in meio-sis may play an essential role in contacts between the non-homologous chromosomes providing the specific characteristics of pericentromeric DNA.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0423.v1

Sensory-processing Sensitivity and Pathways to Depression and Aggression: The Mediating Role of Trait Emotional Intelligence and Decision-making Style. A Pilot Study.

Nikola Drndarevic, Sonja Protic, Jose M Mestre

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: sensory-processing sensitivity; depression; agression; emotional intelligence; decision-making style; gender differences

Online: 23 November 2021 (14:07:37 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0300.v1

Environmental Contaminants Acting as Endocrine Disruptors Modulate Atherogenic Processes: New Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Women?

Silvia Migliaccio, Viviana M Bimonte, Zein Mersini Besharat, Claudia Sabato, Clara Crescioli, Andrea Lenzi, Elisabetta Ferretti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Endocrinology And Metabolism Keywords: Endocrine disruptors; gender; female; atherosclerosis; Cadmium; Bisphenol A; inflammatory cytokines; cardiovascular diseases

Online: 17 November 2021 (10:53:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0264.v1

Timothy Gustavo Cavazzotto, Natã Gomes de Lima Stavinski, Marcos Roberto Queiroga, Michael Pereira da Silva, Edilson Serpeloni Cyrino, Helio Serassuelo Junior, Edgar Ramos Vieira

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: exercise; marriage; sedentary behavior; gender; age groups; behavioral risk factors surveillance system

Online: 15 November 2021 (13:44:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0112.v1

Use of Advanced Artificial Intelligence in Forensic Medicine

Andrej Thurzo, Helena Svobodová Kosnáčová, Veronika Kurilová, Silvester Kosmeľ, Radoslav Beňuš, Norbert Moravanský, Peter Kováč, Kristína Mikuš Kuracinová, Michal Palkovič, Ivan Varga

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: forensic medicine; forensic dentistry; forensic anthropology; 3D CNN; AI; deep learning; biological age determination; sex determination; 3D cephalometric; AI face estimation; growth prediction

Online: 5 November 2021 (10:00:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0347.v1

Strain, Sex, and Time Dependent Antidepressant-like Effects of Cannabidiol

Gabriela Pandini Silote, Michelle C. Gatto, Amanda Eskelund, Francisco S. Guimarães, Gregers Wegener, Sâmia R. L. Joca

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Cannabidiol; S-Ketamine; Sex; Mice strain; Flinders Sensitive Line rats; Tail suspension test; Forced Swim Test.

Online: 25 October 2021 (12:32:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0288.v1

Sex Differences in the Associations of Nutrient Patterns with Total and Regional Adiposity: A Study of Middle-Aged Black South African Men and Women

Tshifhiwa Ratshikombo, Julia H. Goedecke, Melikhaya Soboyisi, Clement Kufe, Maphoko Masemola, Lisa K Micklesfield, Tinashe Chikowore

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Nutrient patterns; Obesity; Sex differences; Total and regional adiposity; South Africa

Online: 20 October 2021 (10:17:40 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0002.v1

Air Pollution Exposure as a Relevant Risk Factor for COPD Exacerbations in Male and Female Patients

Miguel Enrique Silva Rodriguez, Patricia Silveyra

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: COPD exacerbation; air pollution; hospital admission; sex differences

Online: 1 October 2021 (10:02:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0528.v1

Short-Term Cumulative Exposure to Ambient Traffic-Related Black Carbon and Blood Pressure: MMDA Traffic Enforcers’ Health Study

Zypher Jude G. Regencia, Godofreda V. Dalmacion, Antonio D. Ligsay, Emmanuel S. Baja

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: black carbon; systolic blood pressure; diastolic blood pressure; sex; obesity; traffic enforcers

Online: 30 September 2021 (16:08:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0110.v1

Effects of Sex and 17β-Estradiol on Cardiac Fibroblast Morphology and Signaling Activities in vitro

Kelsey Watts, Will Richardson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: cardiac fibroblasts; sex-specific; estrogen; fibrosis; heart failure

Online: 6 September 2021 (17:24:51 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Male Disadvantage in Oxidative Stress-Associated Complications of Prematurity: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Meta-regression

Elke van Westering-Kroon, Maurice J Huizing, Eduardo Villamor-Martínez, Eduardo Villamor

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: preterm birth; oxidative stress; sex differences; male disadvantage; female advantage; bronchopulmonary dysplasia; retinopathy of prematurity; necrotizing enterocolitis; intraventricular hemorrhage; periventricular leukomalacia; mortality.

Online: 3 September 2021 (11:08:04 CEST)

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