Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Polypharmacy Management in a Gender Perspective: at the Heart of The Problem. Analysis of Major Cardiac Diseases, Sars-Cov-2 Affection and Gender in a Cohort of Patients in Internal Medicine Ward

Filomena Pietrantonio
,
Angela Ciamei
,
Antonio Vinci
ORCID logo ,
Tiziana Ciarambino
ORCID logo ,
Elena Alessi
,
Matteo Pascucci
,
Michela Delli Castelli
,
Silvia Zito
,
Simona Sanguedolce
,
Marianna Rainone
,
Jacopo Di Lorenzo
,
Fabio Vinci
,
Giulia Laurelli
,
Claudia Di Iorio
,
Roberto Corsi
,
Serafino Ricci
,
Alessandra Di Berardino
,
Matteo Ruggeri
,
Francesco Rosiello
*
Version 1 : Received: 3 September 2022 / Approved: 7 September 2022 / Online: 7 September 2022 (02:29:58 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Pietrantonio, F.; Ciamei, A.; Vinci, A.; Ciarambino, T.; Alessi, E.; Pascucci, M.; Delli Castelli, M.; Zito, S.; Sanguedolce, S.; Rainone, M.; et al. Polypharmacy Management in a Gender Perspective: At the Heart of the Problem: Analysis of Major Cardiac Diseases, SARS-CoV-2 Affection and Gender Distribution in a Cohort of Patients in Internal Medicine Ward. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2023, 20, 5711, doi:10.3390/ijerph20095711. Pietrantonio, F.; Ciamei, A.; Vinci, A.; Ciarambino, T.; Alessi, E.; Pascucci, M.; Delli Castelli, M.; Zito, S.; Sanguedolce, S.; Rainone, M.; et al. Polypharmacy Management in a Gender Perspective: At the Heart of the Problem: Analysis of Major Cardiac Diseases, SARS-CoV-2 Affection and Gender Distribution in a Cohort of Patients in Internal Medicine Ward. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2023, 20, 5711, doi:10.3390/ijerph20095711.

Abstract

Background: Covid-19 patients with any pre-existing cardio-vascular disease (CVD) are at highest risk for viral infection and for developing of severe disease. Pathophysiological mechanism is characterized by the viral link to Angioten-sin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the involvement of the endothelial system with the release of cytokines and direct damage on myocardium, micro throm-bosis, and alterations of oxygen diffusion. Aim of the study is to analyze clinical course, treatment and outcome in patients (gender stratified) with pre-existing CVD. Methods: Out of the 1299 (700 M/599 F) patients admitted to Internal Medicine COVID Unit of “Castelli Hospital”, Lazio, Italy, from 01/01/2021 to 31/12/2021, 278 patients (167 M/111 F), mean age 76 (76 M/ 75 F) had previous CVD. Demographic characteristics, length of the stay (LOS) and oxygen therapy were evaluated. Results: Most common CVD pathologies were Hearth Failure (HF): 131 (72 M/59 F), Atrial Fibrillation (AF): 45 (25 M/20 F), Myocardial Infarction (MI): 26 (19 M/7 F) and associations among them. 100% of CVD COVID patients under-went Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV) and were treated with more than 5 drugs. HF was linked with increased LOS (23 days) compared to AF (21 days), MI (18 days) and no CVD (16 days). Overall mean LOS was 16,5 days. 21,4% of total pa-tients had CVD. Conclusions: Timely identification and evaluation of patients with pre-existing CVD are fundamental for adequate treatment based on gender, severity and state of illness and for risk reduction. Keywords: polypharmacy, gender medicine; COVID 19; Sars CoV 2; cardiovas-cular disease.

Keywords

Polypharmacy management, COVID -19, Gender medicine, economic perspective

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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