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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0319.v1

Impact of Aerosol-Cloud Cycling on Aqueous Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation

William G. Tsui, Joseph L. Woo, V. Faye McNeill

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: secondary organic aerosol; isoprene epoxydiol; aqueous aerosol; cloudwater

Online: 29 September 2019 (02:50:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0397.v1

Effect Of The Aerosol Vertical Distribution On The Modelling Of Solar Radiation

Ilias Fountoulakis, Kyriakoula Papachristopoulou, Emmanouil Proestakis, Vassilis Amiridis, Charalampos Kontoes, Stelios Kazadzis

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: aerosol profile; aerosol extinction coefficient; aerosol radiative effects; spectral solar radiation; solar radiation profile

Online: 26 January 2022 (12:52:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0053.v1

Spring 2020 Aerosol Contamination of the Atmosphere over Kyiv City

Chenning Zhang, Valery Shulga, Gennadi Milinevsky, Vassyl Danylevsky, Yuliya Yukhymchuk, Volodymyr Kyslyi, Ivan Syniavsky, Mikhail Sosonkin, Olena Turos, Andrii Simon, Vasyl Choliy, Tetiana Maremukha, Arina Petrosian, Vladyslav Pysanko, Anna Honcharova, Dmitry Shulga, Natallia Miatselskaya, Varvara Morhuleva

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: aerosol; PM2.5; forest fires; AERONET; aerosol optical depth; Angstrom exponent

Online: 3 March 2022 (07:07:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0163.v1

The Observation Path Problems and the Formation Conditions of the Elevated Layer of Black Carbon Aerosol

Lianji Jin, Liang Lin, Deping Ding, Delong Zhao, Bin Zhu, Qingfei Zhai, Zheng Liu

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: black carbon aerosol; aerosol layer; vertical distribution; numerical simulation; WRF-Chem

Online: 13 February 2020 (10:13:31 CET)

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Studies on the detection of layers with elevated black carbon aerosol (BC) concentrations and the formation conditions of these layers help understand the vertical distribution of BC concentrations, which will provide a basis for the assessment of climate effects and early BC pollution warnings. By using the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) numerical model, we performed a numerical simulation analysis on the authenticity of strong elevated BC concentration layers that were detected by an aircraft in the mixing layer over Harbin, China, which is a high-emission area, on a clear sunny afternoon in the early heating period of 2016. We then discuss possible problems and solutions when non-vertical paths are used to detect the vertical distribution of BC concentrations. Finally, we discuss the favorable conditions for the formation of elevated BC concentration layers by weak vertical flow. The results show that the horizontal variability of BC concentration in the mixing layer in the observation area in Harbin was sufficiently large during the measurement. This produced a false elevated layer, as detected by the aircraft during one round of spiral flight in the mixing layer. The root mean square of the horizontal distribution of BC concentration did not change with height in the mixing layer during the daytime, but it decreased with the thickness of the mixing layer and was higher in the mixing layer than in the free atmosphere. Therefore, the thinner the mixing layer, in which the vertical distribution of the BC concentration is detected in an inclined path, the stronger interference of the horizontal variability on the detected results. When a spiral flight detection path is used, the aircraft should fly at least two rounds in the mixing layer. In the daytime, due to strong turbulence in the mixing layer, weak vertical uplift is not favorable for the occurrence of elevated BC concentration layers in the mixing layer. In the nighttime, if weak vertical uplift is well matched with the BC concentration or its vertical gradient, elevated BC concentration layers can be formed in the atmosphere. Compared with upper layers far from the ground, nighttime elevated layers are easier to form in lower layers near the ground because high BC concentrations or large vertical gradients are more likely to occur in the lower layers. Both cases facilitate the occurrence of large vertical upward transport rates of BC.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0049.v1

Deriving Aerosol Absorption Properties from Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Spectral Measurements at Thessaloniki, Greece

Ilias Fountoulakis, Athanasios Natsis, Nikolaos Siomos, Theano Drosoglou, Alkiviadis F. Bais

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: solar UV radiation; aerosol absorption; SSA; AAOD; spectral measurements; aerosol optical properties

Online: 4 September 2019 (14:29:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0064.v1

Estimation of Downwelling Surface Longwave Radiation under Heavy Dust Aerosol Sky

Chunlei Wang, Bo-Hui Tang, Hua Wu, Ronglin Tang, Zhao-Liang Li

Subject: Earth Sciences, Geoinformatics Keywords: Downwelling surface longwave radiation (DSLR); dust aerosol; aerosol optical depth (AOD); MODIS

Online: 12 December 2016 (14:58:20 CET)

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Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0523.v1

Evaporation of Emitted Droplets Are An Important Factor Affecting the Lifetime of the Airborne Coronavirus

Pratim Biswas, Sukrant Dhawan

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: airborne; coronavirus; aerosol; transmission; lifetime

Online: 30 April 2020 (09:01:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0667.v1

Air Quality in the Italian Northwestern Alps during Year 2020: Assessment of the COVID-19 «Lockdown Effect» from Multi-Technique Observations and Models

Henri Diémoz, Tiziana Magri, Giordano Pession, Claudia Tarricone, Ivan Karl Friedrich Tombolato, Gabriele Fasano, Manuela Zublena

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: COVID-19; air quality; nitrogen oxides; ozone; aerosol; source apportionment; aerosol profiles; models; Alps; Italy

Online: 28 June 2021 (14:37:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0694.v1

Airborne Transmission of Avian Origin H9N2 Influenza A Viruses

C. Joaquín Cáceres, Daniela S. Rajao, Daniel R. Perez

Subject: Life Sciences, Biochemistry Keywords: H9N2; influenza; aerosol; interspecies; zoonotic; pandemic

Online: 30 July 2021 (10:13:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0138.v1

Effects of Aerosols and Clouds on the Levels of Surface Solar Radiation and Solar Energy in Cyprus

Ilias Fountoulakis, Panagiotis Kosmopoulos, Kyriakoula Papachristopoulou, Panagiotis-Ioannis Raptis, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Argyro Nisantzi, Antonis Gkikas, Jonas Witthuhn, Sebastian Bley, Anna Moustaka, Johannes Buehl, Patric Seifert, Diofantos G. Hadjimitsis, Charalampos Kontoes, and Stelios Kazadzis

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: solar energy; dust; aerosol; clouds; Cyprus

Online: 7 May 2021 (10:36:00 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

The Effect of Ozone and Aerosols on Erythemal Irradiance in a Low Ozone Event

Ioannis-Panagiotis Raptis, Kostas Eleftheratos, Stelios Kazadzis, Panagiotis Kosmopoulos

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: Ultraviolet; Ozone; Aerosol; Erythemal; UV Index

Online: 21 October 2020 (15:09:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0307.v1

The Efficacy of Bio-aerosol Reducing Procedures Used in Dentistry: A Systematic Review

Lakshman Perera Samaranayake, Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin, Borvornwut Buranawat, Chamila Panduwawala

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Dentistry Keywords: bio-aerosol; reduction; procedures; dentistry; review

Online: 25 June 2020 (12:24:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0107.v1

On the Redox-Activity and Health-Effects of Atmospheric Primary and Secondary Aerosol: Phenomenology

Francesca Costabile, Stefano Decesari, Roberta Vecchi, Franco Lucarelli, Gabriele Curci, Dario Massabò, Matteo Rinaldi, Maurizio Gualtieri, Emanuela Corsini, Elena Menegola, Silvia Canepari, Lorenzo Massimi, Stefania Argentini, Maurizio Busetto, Gianluca Di Iulio, Luca Di Liberto, Marco Paglione, Igor Petenko, Mara Russo, Angela Marinoni, Gianpietro Casasanta, Sara Valentini, Vera Bernardoni, Federica Crova, Gianluigi Valli, Alice Corina Forello, Fabio Giardi, Silvia Nava, Giulia Pazzi, Paolo Prati, Virginia Vernocchi, Teresa La Torretta, Ettore Petralia, Milena Stracquadanio, Gabriele Zanini, Gloria Melzi, Emma Nozza, Martina Iulini, Donatella Caruso, Lucia Cioffi, Gabriele Imperato, Flavio Giavarini, Maria Battistoni, Francesca Di Renzo, Maria Agostina Frezzini, Cinzia Perrino, Maria Cristina Facchini

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: atmospheric aerosol; chemical composition; secondary aerosol; source apportionment; ultrafine particles; oxidative potential; exposure; toxicology; forecasting; micrometeorology

Online: 12 April 2022 (09:54:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0176.v1

Aerosol Mineral Dust Pollution over Nicosia, Cyprus, April 2019

Yuliia Yukhymchuk, Gennadi Milinevsky, Ivan Syniavskyi, Ioana Popovici, Florin Unga, Jean Sciare, Franco Marenco, Michael Pikridas, Philippe Goloub

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: aerosol; AERONET; lidar; air pollution; sun-photometer

Online: 12 October 2022 (10:33:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0237.v1

Added Value of Aerosol Observations of the Future AOS High Spectral Resolution Lidar with Respect to a Classic Backscatter Spaceborne Lidar Measurements

Flavien Cornut, Laaziz El Amraoui, Juan Cuesta, Jérôme Blanc

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: Atmospheric-Observing-System; Aerosol; High-Spectral-Resolution-lidar

Online: 13 December 2022 (09:51:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0609.v1

Vertical Distribution of Aerosols During Deep-convective Event in the Himalaya Using WRF-Chem Model at Convection Permitting Scale

Prashant Singh, Pradip Sarawade, Bhupesh Adhikary

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: Aerosol; South Asia; WRF-Chem; Precipitation; CAPE; CIN.

Online: 27 July 2021 (14:45:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0185.v1

The Atmospheric Aerosol Over Western Greece - Six Years of Aerosol Observations at the Navarino Environmental Observatory

Hans-Christen Hansson, Peter Tunved, Radovan Krejci, Eyal Freud, Nikos Kalivitis, Tabea Hennig, Giorgos Maneas, Evangelos Gerasopoulos

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: atmosphere; aerosol; background; particle size; long term; Mediterranean

Online: 8 February 2021 (10:56:35 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0126.v1

Re-thinking the Potential for Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Joseph Allen, Linsey Marr

Subject: Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; airborne; aerosol; transmission

Online: 7 May 2020 (13:20:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0468.v1

New “Smart” Systems for Atmospheric Aerosol and Reactive Gas Sampling in Ambient Air

Paolo Cristofanelli, Maurizio Busetto, Enrico Ronchi, Paolo Miatto, Angela Marinoni, Francescopiero Calzolari, Paolo Bonasoni, Luca Tagliafico

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: reactive gases; atmospheric aerosol; air sampling; smart technologies

Online: 24 September 2018 (16:47:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0043.v1

Composition, Sources of PM_2.5 Saccharides and Its Characteristics during the Haze Episode in Shanghai

Mengxin Xiao, Qiongzhen Wang, Xiaofei Qin, Guangyuan Yu, Congrui Deng

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: saccharides; biomass burning; haze; source apportionment; bio-aerosol

Online: 4 June 2018 (12:47:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0043.v1

Multi-scale Modeling and Study of Aerosol Growth on Amine-Based CO₂ Capture Absorber

Jia-Lin Kang, Kuan-Ting Liu, David Shan-Hill Wong, Shi-Shang Jang, De-Hao Tsai

Subject: Engineering, Control & Systems Engineering Keywords: aerosol; amine emission; CO2 capture; absorber; particle number concentration

Online: 5 July 2020 (04:41:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0104.v1

A Dental Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic – Safe Aerosol-Free Emergent (SAFE) Dentistry

Habib Benzian, Richard Niederman

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Dentistry Keywords: COVID-19; dental care; infection control; universal precautions; aerosol

Online: 7 May 2020 (05:21:20 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0090.v1

Hydroxychloroquine as an Aerosol Might Markedly Reduce and Even Prevent Severe Clinical Symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Ansgar Klimke, Gudrun Hefner, Bianca Will, Ursula Voss

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pharmacology & Toxicology Keywords: COVID-19: hydroxychloroquine aerosol; pharmacotherapy; prevention; SARS-CoV-2

Online: 7 April 2020 (11:11:09 CEST)

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Covid-19 is a new coronavirus disease first described in December 2019. This respiratory illness is severe and potentially fatal. Severe cases make up to 15%, lethality ranges between 1.5 and more than 10 %. What is urgently needed is an efficient pharmacological treatment for the treatment of severe cases. During the infection of alveolar epithelial cells of the lung, the ACE2 receptor has a central function. The antimalarial drugs chloroquine phosphate (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) impair in vitro the terminal glycosylation of ACE2 without significant change of cell-surface ACE2 and, therefore, might be potent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Starting inhibition at 0.1 µM, CQ completely prevented in vitro infections at 10 µM, suggesting a prophylactic effect and preventing the virus spread 5 hours after infection. In a first clinical trial, CQ was effective in inhibiting exacerbation of pneumonia, improving lung imaging findings, promotion of virus-negative conversion, and shortening the disease. In addition, HCQ, which is three times more potent than CQ in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells (EC50 0.72 µM), was significantly associated with viral load reduction/disappearance in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. Theoretically, CQ and HCQ could thus be effectively used in the treatment of SARS-CoV pneumonia. From a pharmacological standpoint, however, the major problems of oral treatment with these drugs are possible severe side effects and toxicity. Concretely, this relates to (a) the inconsistent individual bioavailability of these drugs at the alveolar target cells, depending on intestinal resorption, hepatic first-pass metabolism and accumulation in liver, spleen and lung, and (b) the need for a relatively high concentration of 1-5 µM at the alveolar surface. Therefore, we propose in a first dose estimation the use of HCQ as an aerosol in a dosage of 2-4 mg per inhalation in order to reach sufficient therapeutic levels at the alveolar epithelial cells. By using a low-dose non-systemic aerosol, adverse drug reactions will markedly be reduced compared with oral application. This increase in tolerability enables a broader use for prevention and after contact with an infected person, which would be an advantage especially for the high-risk, often multi-morbid and elderly patients. Empirical data on self-medication with a one-week aerosol application by two of the authors is presented. Inhalation was well tolerated without relevant side effects.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0381.v1

An Overview of Hand held Sun Photometer Measurements of Atmospheric Aerosols in New Orleans, Louisiana: A case study of the Xavier University Study Site

Maryssa Bradley, Barry Sevalia, Morewell Gaseller

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: Sun photometer, Aerosols, Aerosol Optical Depth (AOT), New Orleans

Online: 30 April 2018 (12:28:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0150.v1

Desert Dust Climatology of Turkey

S. Yeşer Aslanoğlu, Emmanouil Proestakis, Antonis Gkikas, Gülen Güllü, Vassilis Amiridis

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: aerosol; CALIPSO; desert dust; Eastern Mediterranean; North Africa; Middle East

Online: 10 March 2022 (13:57:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0195.v2

Experimental Evaluation of Dry Powder Inhalers During In- and Exhalation Using a Model of the Human Respiratory System (xPULM™)

Richard Pasteka, Lara Schöllbauer, Joao Pedro Santos da Costa, Radim Kolar, Mathias Forjan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Other Keywords: airway model; DPI; inhalation; aerosol testing; drug delivery; porcine lung

Online: 22 December 2021 (12:09:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0181.v1

Remote Sensing of Aerosols at Night with the CoSQM Sky Brightness Data

Charles Marseille, Martin Aubé, Africa Barreto Velasco, Alexandre Simoneau

Subject: Keywords: Artificial Light at Night; Aerosol optical depth; Radiometry; Multispectral; Measurement

Online: 9 August 2021 (08:40:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0283.v1

Effects of Manufacturing Variation in Electronic Cigarette Coil Resistance and E-liquid Characteristics on Coil Lifetime and Aerosol Generation

Qutaiba M. Saleh, Edward C. Hensel, Nathan C. Eddingsaas, Risa J. Robinson

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Allergology Keywords: aerosol generation; e-cigarette; coil resistance; e-liquid; manufacturing variation

Online: 11 February 2021 (11:50:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0261.v1

Using Objective Analysis for the Assimilation of Satellite Derived Aerosol Products to Improve PM2.5 Predictions over Europe

Mounir Chrit, Marwa Majdi

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: PM2.5; Aerosol Optical Depth; Data assimilation; MODIS; satellite data; Objective analysis

Online: 27 April 2022 (11:32:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0182.v1

Overview of the French Operational Network for In Situ Observation of PM Chemical Composition and Sources in Urban Environments (CARA Program)

Olivier Favez, Samuël Weber, Jean-Eudes Petit, Laurent Y. Alleman, Alexandre Albinet, Véronique Riffault, Benjamin Chazeau, Tanguy Amodeo, Dalia Salameh, Yunjiang Zhang, Deepchandra Srivastava, Abdoulaye Samaké, Robin Aujay, Arnaud Papin, Nicolas Bonnaire, Carole Boullanger, Mélodie Chatain, Florie Chevrier, Anaïs Detournay, Marta Dominik-Sègue, Raphaële Falhun, Céline Garbin, Véronique Ghersi, Guillaume Grignion, Gilles Levigoureux, Sabrina Pontet, Jérôme Rangognio, Shouwen Zhang, Jean-Luc Besombes, Sébastien Conil, Gaelle Uzu, Joël Savarino, Nicolas Marchand, Valérie Gros, Caroline Marchand, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Eva Leoz-Garziandia

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: France; urban air quality; aerosol chemical composition; source apportionment; monitoring strategies

Online: 11 January 2021 (10:57:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0158.v1

Analysis of Dust Aerosol Retrievals Using Satellite Data in Central Asia

Longlei Li, Irina N. Sokolik

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: dust aerosol; Central Asia; remote sensing; seasonal variation; inter-annual variability

Online: 11 June 2018 (12:07:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0087.v1

Methanol Interactions with Nopinone Surfaces during Phase Evolution

Xiangrui Kong, Josip Lovric, Sofia Johansson, Nønne Prisle, Jan Pettersson

Subject: Keywords: Environmental molecular beam; molecular dynamics; phase transition; secondary organic aerosol; sorption kinetics

Online: 2 February 2021 (13:08:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0075.v2

The Influence of Seasonal Climate Variability on Vehicle Exhaust PM2.5 in the State of California: A Hybrid Approach based on Artificial Neural Network and Spatial Analysis

Fan Yu, Amin Mohebbi, Shiqing Cai, Simin Akbariyeh, Brendan Russo, Edward Smaglik

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Vehicle Exhaust PM2.5, MOVES, Artificial Neural Network, Spatial Analysis, Aerosol Optical Depth

Online: 15 October 2020 (11:57:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0358.v1

A Clinical Study Measuring Dental Aerosols with and without a HVE Device

Adam Nulty, Chris Lefkaditis, Patrik Zachrisson, Quintus Van Tonder, Riaz Yar

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Dentistry Keywords: Covid-19; HVE; Aerosol; Dentistry; Particle; Suction; External; PM1; PM2.5; PM10; Drilling

Online: 16 September 2020 (11:12:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0028.v1

The Outdoor Field Test of the 4T III-V on Si Tandem PV Module and Its Energy Yield Modeling

Kenji Araki, Hiroki Tawa, Hiromu Saiki, Yasuyuki Ota, Kensuke Nishioka, Masafumi Yamaguchi

Subject: Engineering, Energy & Fuel Technology Keywords: photovoltaic; energy yield; output forcasting; aerosol optical depth; precipitable water; incident angle

Online: 2 March 2020 (15:22:46 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Aerosol Jet Direct Writing Polymer-Thick-Film Resistors for Printed Electronics

James Q. Feng, Anthony Loveland, Michael J. Renn

Subject: Keywords: printed electronics; Aerosol Jet® printing; direct-write technology; embedded PTF resistors

Online: 4 February 2020 (05:44:32 CET)

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Electronic designers nowadays are facing two challenging demands for various applications: miniaturization and increased functionality. To satisfy these seemingly opposed requirements, reducing the number of mounted components—and thus solder joints—in PCB designs becomes an attractive approach by directly printing passive components such as embedded resistors into the circuit. This approach can also potentially increase the reliability, such as “mean time between failures” (MTBF), while reducing the circuit board size. With its unique capabilities for non-contact precision material deposition, the Aerosol Jet® direct-write technology has been enabling additive manufacturing of fine-feature electronics conformally onto flexible substrates of complicated shapes. The CAD/CAM controlled relative motions between substrate and print head allows convenient adjustment of the pattern and pile height of deposited material at a given ink volumetric deposition rate. To date in the printed electronics industry, additively printing embedded polymer-thick-film (PTF) resistors has mostly been done with screen printing using carbon-based paste inks. Here we demonstrate results of Aerosol Jet® printed PTF resistors of resistance values ranging from ~50 W to > 1 kW, adjustable (among several variable parameters) by the number of stacked layers (or print passes with each pass depositing a fixed amount of ink) between contact pads of around 1 mm apart with footprint line typically < 0.3 mm. In principle, any ink material that can be atomized into fine droplets of 1 to 5 microns can be printed with the Aerosol Jet® system. However, the print quality such as line edge cleanliness can significantly influenced by ink rheology which involves solvent volatility, solids loading, and so on. Our atomizable carbon ink was made by simply diluting a screen printing paste with a compatible solvent of reasonable volatility, which can be cured at temperatures below 200^oC. We show that Aerosol Jet® printed overlapping lines can be stacked to large pile height (to reduce the resistance value) without significant increase of line width, which enables fabricating embedded resistors with adjustable resistance values in a limited footprint space.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0145.v1

Aerosol from Biomass Combustion in Northern Europe: Influence of Meteorological Conditions and Air Mass History

Jun Noda, Robert Bergström, Xiangrui Kong, Torbjörn L. Gustafsson, Borka Kovacevik, Maria Svane, Jan B. C. Pettersson

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: biomass burning; residential wood combustion; aerosol mass spectrometry; potassium; chemical transport model

Online: 13 November 2019 (11:34:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0121.v1

Electrocardiography Abnormalities in Macaques after Infection with Encephalitic Alphaviruses

Henry Ma, Jeneveve D. Lundy, Katherine J. O'Malley, William B. Klimstra, Amy Hartman, Douglas S. Reed

Subject: Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: alphavirus; vaccine; arbovirus; animal models; nonhuman primates; electrocardiography; ecg; aerosol; encephalitis; equine

Online: 11 October 2019 (03:32:33 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0076.v1

Ultraviolet Photo Catalytic Oxidation (UVPCO) Sensor for Air and Surface Sanitizers Using CS Amplifier

Pawan Whig, Syed Naseem Ahmad

Subject: Engineering, Electrical & Electronic Engineering Keywords: bio aerosol; Photo Catalytic Oxidation (PCO); hydroxyl; hydrogen peroxide; SPICE; surface sanitizer

Online: 19 October 2016 (10:02:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0529.v1

Surveillance of Daughter Micronodule Formation is A Key Factor for Vaccine Evaluation Using Experimental Infection Models of Tuberculosis in Macaques

Isabel Nogueira, Martí Català, Andrew D White, Sally A Sharpe, Jordi Bechini, Clara Prats, Cristina Vilaplana, Pere-Joan Cardona

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Pathology & Pathobiology Keywords: tuberculosis; BCG vaccine; aerosol vaccination; non-human primate; macaque; bubble model; computed tomography scanner

Online: 29 November 2022 (03:29:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0108.v1

Physical Effectiveness of Safety Interventions in Fire Engines to Reduce Potential Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (COFIRE)

Elmar Bourdon, Thomas Schaefer, Maximilian Kittel, Matthias Raedle, Alexandra Heininger

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, General Medical Research Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Safety Interventions; Fire Engine; Vehicle, Aerosol; Fine Dust Measurement

Online: 6 May 2021 (15:24:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0546.v2

Aerosol Particles Laden with Viruses That Cause COVID-19 Travel Over 30m Distance

Boris Gorbunov

Subject: Keywords: COVID-19; face masks; aerosol; infection transmission route; weather conditions; viral load; exposure; dose

Online: 21 May 2020 (04:05:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0275.v1

Nanoparticle Behaviour in An Urban Street Canyon at Different Heights and Implications on Indoor Respiratory Doses

Maurizio Manigrasso, Carmela Protano, Matteo Vitali, Pasquale Avino

Subject: Life Sciences, Other Keywords: ultrafine particles; aerosol; urban street canyon; outdoor pollution; indoor air quality; respiratory doses; mppd

Online: 24 September 2019 (12:25:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0463.v1

Robust Atmospheric Correction Procedure for Determination of Spectral Albedo of Terrestrial Surfaces from Satellite Spectral Reflectance Measurements

Iosif Katsev, Alexander Prikhach, Eleonora Zege, Alexander Kokhanovsky

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: atmospheric correction; cloud mask; water vapor content; spectral radiance; surface spectral albedo; aerosol optical thickness

Online: 22 February 2021 (12:01:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0391.v1

The Determination of Snow Albedo from Satellite Measurements Using Fast Atmospheric Correction Technique

Alexander Kokhanovsky, Jason E. Box, Baptiste Vandecrux, Kenneth Mankoff, Maxim Lamare, Alexander Smirnov, Michael Kern

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: snow characteristics; optical remote sensing; snow albedo; PROMICE; Sentinel 3; OLCI; atmospheric correction; Arctic aerosol

Online: 30 November 2019 (11:23:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0049.v2

Algorithm for Additional Correction of Remote Sensing Reflectance in the Presence of Absorbing Aerosol

Anna Stanislavovna Papkova, Evgeny Borisovich Shybanov

Subject: Earth Sciences, Oceanography Keywords: optical characteristics; chlorophyll-a concentration; ocean color; seawater; absorbing aerosol; dust; MODIS Aqua; AERONET; Black Sea

Online: 2 December 2022 (08:52:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0450.v1

Replacement Strategies for Animal Studies in Inhalation Testing

Eleonore Fröhlich

Subject: Keywords: 3Rs; replacement of animals; inhalation; in vitro; animal models; species differences; lung morphology; rodents; aerosol exposure

Online: 19 May 2021 (14:30:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0194.v1

Shifting Approach to Environmentally Mediated Pathways for Mitigating COVID-19: A Review of Literature on Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Ahad Azimuddin, Shakeel Thakurdas, Aamir Hameed, Garrett Peel, Faisal Cheema

Subject: Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID19; Airborne transmission; Droplet transmission; Aerosol transmission; SARS-CoV-2; Heat Inactivation; Infection Prevention; Ventilation system

Online: 9 July 2020 (12:32:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0253.v1

Designing and Testing of a System for Aerosolization and Recovery of Viable Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV): Theoretical and Engineering Considerations

Peiyang Li, Jacek Koziel, Jeffrey Zimmerman, Steven Hoff, Jianqiang Zhang, Ting-Yu Cheng, Wannarat Yim-Im, Myeongseong Lee, Baitong Chen, William Jenks

Subject: Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: airborne pathogens; animal production; infectious animal disease; livestock health; mass balance; swine diseases; viral aerosol; virus isolation

Online: 10 February 2021 (11:41:43 CET)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0317.v2

Minimum Size of Respiratory Droplets Containing SARS-CoV-2 and Aerosol Transmission Possibility

Byung Uk Lee

Subject: Keywords: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); COVID19; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus; bioaerosol; aerosol

Online: 30 April 2020 (05:30:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0025.v1

Transport of Gaseous Hydrogen Peroxide and Ozone into Bulk Water vs. Electrosprayed Aerosol

Mostafa Elsayed Hassan, Mario Janda, Zdenko Machala

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: plasma-liquid interactions; water electrospray; aerosol microdroplet; bulk water, plasma-activated water; Henry’s law solubility; ozone; hydrogen peroxide

Online: 1 December 2020 (13:16:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0059.v1

Fusing Observational, Satellite Remote Sensing and Air Quality Model Simulated Data to Estimate Spatiotemporal Variations of PM2.5 Exposure in China

Tao Xue, Yixuan Zheng, Guannan Geng, Bo Zheng, Xujia Jiang, Qiang Zhang, Kebin He

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: fine particulate matter (PM2.5); aerosol optical depth; community multi-scale air quality (CMAQ) model; data fusion; exposure assessment

Online: 16 February 2017 (08:58:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0543.v1

The New Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): What Do We Know So Far?

Sammer Tang, Mike Brady, Jo Mildenhall, Ursula Rolfe, Alex Bowles, Kirsty Morgan

Subject: Medicine & Pharmacology, Nursing & Health Studies Keywords: Coronavirus; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Pandemic; Paramedic; Infection prevention and control; Aerosols; Aerosol Generating Procedures; Novel virus; Wellbeing

Online: 30 April 2020 (17:20:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0186.v1

Machine Learning-Based Improvement of Aerosol Optical Depth from CHIMERE Simulations using MODIS Satellite Observations

Farouk Lemmouchi, Juan Cuesta, Mathieu Lachatre, Julien Brajard, Adriana Coman, Matthias Beekman, Claude Derognat

Subject: Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science Keywords: mineral dust; north African dust; Saharan dust; Bodélé depression; bias correction; machine learning; aerosol optical depth; chemistry-transport model; aerosols; particulate matter

Online: 14 September 2022 (03:02:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0098.v1

Impact of Municipal, Road Traffic and Natural Sources on PM10: The Hourly Variability at a Rural Site in Poland

Tomasz Mach, Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska, Karolina Bralewska, Grzegorz Majewski, Patrycja Rogula-Kopiec, Jutyna Rybak

Subject: Life Sciences, Biochemistry Keywords: atmospheric aerosol; municipal and traffic emissions; natural sources; enrichment factor; coal and gasoline combustion; 24-h concentrations; diurnal variability; PX-375; XRF analysis

Online: 5 April 2021 (11:17:30 CEST)

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