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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0187.v1

Plasmatic Fatty Acids Chemical Characterization after the Exposure to a Vegan Diet

Alan Espinosa-Marrón, Hugo A. Laviada-Molina, Angélica Moreno-Enríquez, Irving F. Sosa-Crespo, Fernanda Molina-Seguí, María Fernanda Villaseñor-Espinosa, José A. Ciau-Mendoza, Jesús Alfredo Araujo-León

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: gas chromatography assay; cardiovascular diseases; feeding patterns; lipids; nutritional status; vegan diet

Online: 19 June 2019 (15:47:29 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0380.v1

Current Evidence about Neem Extracts, the Molecules and Physiological Mechanisms Their Nutritional Components Interact with

Jose Francisco Islas, Ezeiza Acosta, Bruno A. Escalante-Acosta, María Guadalupe Moreno-Trevino, Jorge E. Moreno-Cuevas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: neem extracts; nutritional components; systemic diseases

Online: 31 May 2019 (08:44:25 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Dietary Factors in Sulfur Metabolism and Pathogenesis of Ulcerative Colitis

Levi Teigen, Zhuo Geng, Michael Sadowsky, Byron Vaughn, Mattew Hamilton, Alexander Khoruts

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Colon; high-sulfur foods; inflammation; metagenomics; microbiota; sulfur reducing bacteria.

Online: 26 March 2019 (10:45:11 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Adequacy Among an Older Spanish Population with Metabolic Syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus Study: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Naomi Cano-Ibáñez, Alfredo Gea, Miguel A. Martínez-González, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Dolores Corella, M. Dolors Zomeño, Dora Romaguera, Jesús Vioque, Fernando Aros, Julia Wärnberg, J. Alfredo Martínez, Lluis Serra-Majem, Ramón Estruch, Francisco Tinahones, José Lapetra, Xavier Pintó, Josep A. Tur, Antonio García-Ríos, Blanca Riquelme-Gallego, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez, Pilar Matía, Lidia Daimiel, Vicente Martín, Josep Vidal, Clotilde Vázquez, Emilio Ros, Pilar Buil-Cosiales, Andrés Díaz-López, Rebeca Fernández-Carrión, Montserrat Fitó, Jadwiga Konieczna, Leyre Notario-Barandiaran, Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez, Eugenio Contreras-Fernández, Itziar Abete, Almudena Sánchez-Villegas, Rosa Casas, Araceli Muñoz-Garach, José Manuel Santos-Lozano, Laura Gallardo-Alfaro, Josep Basora, Olga Portoles, Miguel Ángel Muñoz, Manuel Moñino, Salvador Miralles Gisbert, Anai Moreno Rodríguez, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Antoni Palau Galindo, Karla Alejandra Pérez-Vega, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Dietary diversity; nutrient adequacy; metabolic syndrome; aging; PREDIMED-Plus study

Online: 18 March 2019 (09:25:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0187.v2

Improving the Scientific Rigor of Nutritional Recommendations for Adults with Diabetes: A Comprehensive Review of the American Diabetes Association Guidelines Recommended Eating Patterns

Sarah Hallberg, Nancy E. Dockter, Jake Kushner, Shaminie Athinarayanan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Diabetes, eating patterns, DASH, Mediterranean, plant-based, low-carbohydrate

Online: 5 March 2019 (11:07:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0360.v1

Time Trends in Age at Menarche and Related Non-Communicable Disease Risk During the 20th Century in Mexico

Inga Petersohn, Arli Guadalupe Zarate Ortiz, Ana Carla Cepeda Lopez, Alida Melse Boonstra

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: menarche 1, body mass index 2, height 3, diabetes mellitus 4, non-communicable disease 5.

Online: 31 December 2018 (09:45:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0311.v1

Impact of Malnutrition on Long-Term Mortality in Elderly Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Klara Komici, Dino Franco Vitale, Angela Mancini, Leonardo Bencivenga, Maddalena Conte, Sandra Provenzano, Fabrizio Vincenzo Grieco, Lucia Visaggi, Ilaria Ronga, Grazia Corbi, Bruno Trimarco, Carmine Morisco, Dario Leosco, Nicola Ferrara, Giuseppe Rengo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: mini nutritional assessment; acute myocardial infarction; mortality; elderly

Online: 13 November 2018 (10:56:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0281.v1

Components of Diet Quality Explain the Association between Acculturation and Increased Body Mass Index in Mexican Americans

Yilin Yoshida, Richard Scribner, Liwei Chen, Stephanie Broyles, Stephen Phillippi, Eduardo J. Simoes, Tung-Sung Tseng

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: acculturation; diet quality; healthy eating index; body mass index; Mexican Americans; NHANES

Online: 12 November 2018 (10:23:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0237.v1

Erythrocyte n-6 Fatty Acids and Risk for Cardiovascular Outcomes and Total Mortality in the Framingham Heart Study

William S. Harris, Nathan L. Tintle, Ramachandran S. Vasan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: epidemiology; prospective cohort study; n-6 fatty acids; n-3 fatty acids; linoleic acid; arachidonic acid

Online: 9 November 2018 (04:07:36 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0016.v1

Is a Meal without Wine Good for the Health?

Jean-Pierre Rifler

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: wine; mediterranean diet; okinawa diet; health; nrf2; alcohol; polyphenols; hormesis; cardiovascular protection; cancer; Alzheimer; metabolic disease

Online: 2 November 2018 (05:08:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0013.v1

Food Derived Peptides Reduced COX-2 Expression in Angiotensin II-Stimulated Adventitial Fibroblasts

Marta Garcés-Rimón, María Galán, Mercedes Salaices, Marta Miguel

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: bioactive peptides; hypertension; ciclooxygenase-2; fibroblast; functional food

Online: 2 November 2018 (04:48:42 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0369.v1

The Role of Diet, Micronutrients and the Gut Microbiota in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: New Perspectives from the Gut-Retina Axis

Emanuele Rinninella, Maria Cristina Mele, Nicolò Merendino, Marco Cintoni, Gaia Anselmi, Aldo Caporossi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Angelo Maria Minnella

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Gut-retina axis, Gut microbiota, Dietary habits, Micronutrients, Fish oil, omega-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids, Personalised medicine

Online: 16 October 2018 (17:39:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0317.v1

The Relationship between Body Composition and a Gluten Free Diet in Children with Celiac Disease

Paweł Więch, Zdzisława Chmiel, Dariusz Bazaliński, Izabela Sałacińska, Anna Bartosiewicz, Artur Mazur, Bartosz Korczowski, Monika Binkowska-Bury, Mariusz Dąbrowski

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: celiac disease; body composition; gluten free diet; children

Online: 15 October 2018 (13:19:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0291.v1

Contribution of Dietary PUFAs and Micronutrients in the Protection against Food Allergy Development

Tamara Hoppenbrouwers, Jelena H. Cvejić Hogervorst, Johan Garssen, Linette E.M. Willemsen, Harry J. Wichers

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: food allergy; PUFA; flavonoid; vitamin A; vitamin D; vitamin E; immune response; anti-inflammatory

Online: 15 October 2018 (08:38:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0254.v1

Solanum Fruit Juice as a Natural and Sustainable Source of Antioxidants for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C under Antiviral Therapy

Chidiebere Uchenna Iheka, Justice Obinna Osuoha, Idongesit Ekong Archibong, Peter Uchenna Amadi, Oluwatoyin Taiwo Adeoti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Solanum fruit juice; biochemical markers; chronic hepatitis C; oxidative stress; antioxidants

Online: 12 October 2018 (04:55:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0310.v2

Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) of Differentially Expressed Genes in Green Tea against Methionine-Choline Deficient Diet in High-Fat Patients in the Development of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Sarbojoy Saha, Ishtiaque Ahammad, Shampa Barmon

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; steatosis; NASH; gene set enrichment analysis; green tea; methionine-choline deficient diet; γ-linolenate biosynthesis_Homo sapiens_PWY-6000

Online: 29 September 2018 (07:53:35 CEST)

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The most common liver disorder nowadays is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and it is a progressive disease that rises in severity from steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), fibrosis and cirrhosis to increase risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. It is a cause of great concern as there is an estimated seventy million Americans who are currently affected by NAFLD, and this is expected to only increase because of its association with obesity and diabetes and also a lack of therapies to keep its development and progression in check. In this particular study we performed a gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA) of differentially expressed genes in a green tea against methionine-choline deficient diet in high-fat patients in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). The downregulated genes were used to perform an enrichment analysis and in the ARCHS4 TFs Coexpression database the most significant gene was found to be KLF5_human_tf_ARCHS4_coexpression. In the ARCHS4 Kinases Coexpression pathway database STYK1_human_kinase_ARCHS4 Coexpression was found to be the most significant gene. And finally for the upregulated genes a similar enrichment analysis was performed and in the humancy database γ-linolenate biosynthesis_Homo sapiens_PWY-6000 gene was discovered to be the most significant one. This study has used bioinformatics tools and the Enrichr software to perform a comparative analysis of differentially expressed gene sets for high-fat patients having a diet consisting of green tea against a methionine-choline deficient diet. Green tea is known to contain several antioxidants and polyphenols which provide protection against many liver diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). The present study simply tries to build awareness of this to the general public and allow them to learn more about certain diets which have protective effects against liver diseases. Hopefully by implementing these in their daily lifestyles the public can gain some form of protection against these types of liver disorders.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0467.v1

Can nuts mitigate malnutrition in older adults? A conceptual framework.

Sze-Yen Tan, Siew Ling Tey, Rachel Brown

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Nuts; ageing; nutritional status; malnutrition; appetite; energy intake; health

Online: 24 September 2018 (16:29:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0459.v1

Glutamine: Metabolism and Immune Function, Supplementation and Clinical Translation

Vinicius Cruzat, Marcelo Macedo Rogero, Kevin Noel Keane, Rui Curi, Philip Newsholme

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Nutrition; Amino acids; Leukocytes; Skeletal muscle; Gut; Liver.

Online: 24 September 2018 (13:20:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0431.v1

Hesperidin Prevents Nitric Oxide Deficiency-Induced Cardiovascular Remodeling in Rats via Suppressing TGF-β1 and MMPs Protein Expression

Putcharawipa Maneesai, Sarawoot Bunbupha, Prapassorn Potue, Thewarid Berkban, Upa Kukongviriyapan, Veerapol Kukongviriyapan, Parichat Prachaney, Poungrat Pakdeechote

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: hesperidin; L-NAME; cardiovascular remodeling; oxidative stress; inflammation

Online: 21 September 2018 (08:15:47 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0345.v1

A Newly Integrated Model for Intestinal Cholesterol Absorption and Efflux Infers How Plant Sterol Intake Reduces Circulating Cholesterol Levels

Takanari Nakano, Ikuo Inoue, Takayuki Murakoshi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: ATP-binding cassette G5/G8; brush border membrane; cholesterol absorption; Niemann-Pick C1-like 1; phytosterols; trans-intestinal cholesterol efflux; fecal neutral sterol excretion

Online: 18 September 2018 (10:46:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0271.v1

The Dietary Total-Fat Content Affects the In Vivo Circulating C15:0 and C17:0 Fatty Acid Concentrations Independently to the Dietary Fatty Acid Compositions; Highlighting Dietary Routes that may Attenuate the Development of Metabolic Disease

Benjamin Jenkins, Manar Aoun, Christine Feillet-Coudray, Charles Coudray, Martin Ronis, Albert Koulman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Biomarkers; dietary total fat; pentadecanoic acid; 15:0; heptadecanoic acid; 17:0; odd chain fatty acids.

Online: 15 September 2018 (17:49:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0257.v1

Effects of Long-Term Walnut Supplementation on Body Weight in Free-living Elderly: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Edward Bitok, Sujatha Rajaram, Karen Jaceldo-Siegl, Keiji Oda, Aleix Sala-Vila, Mercè Serra-Mir, Emilio Ros, Joan Sabaté

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: nuts; walnuts; body weight; adiposity; obesity; elderly; energy

Online: 14 September 2018 (08:05:18 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0185.v1

Towards Individualized Use of Probiotics and Prebiotics for Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Diseases Treatment: Does Pathophysiology-Based Approach Work and Can Anticipated Evidence Be Completed?

Rostyslav Bubnov, Mykola Spivak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: predictive preventive personalized medicine; Lactobacillus; Bifidobacterium; probiotics, gut microbiota; patient phenotype, individualized medicine; metabolic syndrome

Online: 11 September 2018 (06:00:03 CEST)

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The modification the gut microbiota in metabolic syndrome and associated chronic diseases is among leading tasks of microbiome research and needs for clinical use of probiotics. Evidence lack for the implications for microbiome modification to improve metabolic health in particular when applied impersonalized. Probiotics have tremendous potential in personalized nutrition and medicine to develop healthy diets. The aim was to to conduct comprehensive overview of recent updates of role of microbiota on human health and development of metabolic syndrome and efficacy of microbiota modulation considering specific properties of probiotic strain and particular aspects of metabolic syndrome and patient`s phenotype to fill the gap between probiotic product and individual to facilitate development of individualized / personalized probiotic and prebiotic treatments. We discuss the relevance of using host phenotype-associated biomarkers, those based on imaging and molecular and patrient`s history, reliable and accessible to facilitate person-specific appication of probiotics and prebiotic substances. Microbiome phenotypes can be parameters of predictive medicine to recognize patient`s predispositions and evaluate treatment responses; the number of phenotype markers can be effectively involved to monitor microbiome modulation. The studied strain-dependent properties of probiotic strains are potentially relevant for individualized treatment for gut and distant sites microbiome modulation. The evidence regarding probiotic strains properties can be taken to account via pathophysiology-based approach for most effective individualized treatment via gut, oral and vaginal and other sites microbiome modulation according to phenotype of the patient providing individualized and personalized medical approaches. Preventive potential of probiotics is strong and well-documented. Recommendations for individualized clinical use of probiotics, and for probiotic studies design have been suggested.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0011.v1

Double Burden of Malnutrition (DBM) and Anaemia under the Same Roof: A Bangladesh Perspective

Sumaiya Mamun, Christopher Guy Nicholas Mascie-Taylor

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: double burden of malnutrition; anaemia; undernutrition; overweight; obesity

Online: 3 September 2018 (05:45:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0427.v1

Effect of Spirulina maxima Supplementation and a Systematic Physical Exercise Program on Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Overweight or Obese Subjects: A Double Blind Randomized, Crossover Controlled Trial

Marco Antonio Hernández-Lepe, José Alberto López-Díaz, Marco Antonio Juárez-Oropeza, Rosa Patricia Hernández-Torres, Abraham Wall-Medrano, Arnulfo Ramos-Jiménez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: overweight; obesity; body fat; maximal oxygen uptake; double-blind; randomized controlled trial

Online: 24 August 2018 (07:40:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0169.v1

Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria Probiotic Strains Improve Glycemic and Inflammation Profiles in Obesity Model in Mice

Liudmyla Lazarenko, O. Melnikova, Lidiia Babenko, Rostyslav Bubnov, Tetiana Beregova, Tetiana Falalyeyeva, Mykola Spivak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: metabolic syndrome; diabetes mellitus; obesity, lactobacilli; bifidobacteria; glucose; macrophages; inflammation; mouse model

Online: 8 August 2018 (14:27:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0061.v1

Dietary Disparities of Urban Chinese American Children in New York City: Results from a Pilot Study

Stella S. Yi, Neile Edens, Ashley Lederer, Janet Pan, Yan Li, Simona Kwon, Jeannette Beasley, Chau Trinh-Shevrin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Asian Americans; child; diet; eating; feeding behavior; sodium, dietary

Online: 3 August 2018 (05:05:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0509.v1

Effect of Randomisation to 6-Month Mediterranean versus Low-Fat Diet Intervention on Inflammation and Adiposity in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease; Preliminary Results of the AUSMED Heart Trial

Hannah L. Mayr, Catherine Itsiopoulos, Audrey C. Tierney, Teagan Kucianski, Jessica Radcliffe, Colleen J. Thomas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: inflammation; coronary disease; mediterranean diet; low-fat diet; C-reactive protein; adiponectin; visceral fat; body composition

Online: 26 July 2018 (10:33:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0375.v1

Microbiota and LPS-Induced Obesity Inflammation: Therapeutic Implications

Raffaela Pero, Giovanna Fico, Olga Scudiero, Sonia Laneri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: LPS; microbiota; inflammation; intestinal permeability; obesity

Online: 20 July 2018 (04:56:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0283.v1

Feasibility study of an Online 24-hr Dietary Assessment Tool: myfood24, in a clinical population

Carla Gianfrancesco, Zoe Darwin, Salwa Albar, Nisreen Alwan, Michelle Carter, Roz Haddrill, Linda McGowan, Michelle Morris, Eleanor Scott, Debbie Smith, Janet Cade

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: 24-hour recall; nutrition assessment; technology assisted dietary assessment; gestational diabetes

Online: 16 July 2018 (12:12:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0240.v1

Evaluation of a High Concentrate Omega-3 for Correcting the Omega-3 Fatty Acid Nutritional Deficiency in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and effects on Hepatic Steatosis (CONDIN)

Derek Tobin, Merethe Brevik-Andersen, Yan Qin, Jackie Innes, Philip Calder

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NAFLD; omega-3 fatty acid; EPA; DHA; PUFA;

Online: 13 July 2018 (14:47:22 CEST)

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Background & Aims: This RCT aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of MF4637, a medical food comprising highly concentrated, highly purified, long chain (LC) omega-3 fatty acids, (460 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 380 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) in correcting the omega-3 fatty acid nutritional deficiency present in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The potential for MF4637 to reduce liver fat was evaluated in a subset of patients. Methods: 176 subjects with NAFLD were randomised to receive 3 g/d of LC-omega-3 fatty acids (n=87) or placebo (olive oil; n=89) for 24 weeks, in addition to following standard-of-care dietary guidelines for these patients. Thus, interventions were given on top of the dietary advice. The omega-3 index, omega-6:omega-3 fatty acid ratio (primary outcome) and quantitative measurements of red blood cell (RBC) EPA and DHA (secondary outcome) were determined at baseline and study completion. Magnetic resonance imaging-proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) assessment of change in liver fat fraction was conducted in a subset of patients. Results: Of the 176 randomised subjects, 167 were analysed for the primary and secondary outcomes (n=81 in the MF4637 group; n=86 in the placebo group). Supplementation with MF4637 for 24 weeks significantly increased the omega-3 index and absolute values of RBC EPA and DHA, and decreased the omega-6:omega-3 fatty acid ratio in NAFLD patients compared to placebo (p<0.0001). There was a statistically significant reduction in liver fat content within both groups with no difference between them. An inverse relationship between change in absolute RBC EPA+DHA and change in liver fat, AST and ALT levels was seen suggesting that a greater increase in omega-3 content was associated with a reduction for both liver fat content and improvement in liver enzyme levels. Additionally, a significant liver fat-lowering effect of MF4637 compared to placebo was demonstrated in a subset of patients with baseline fatty liver index (FLI) score ≥ 40. There were no serious adverse events related to study interventions. Conclusions: The study results demonstrate that the medical food MF4637, was able to correct the nutritional deficiency of omega-3 in NAFLD patients above and beyond that obtained with nutritional counselling. This demonstrates that MF4637 is beneficial in raising the low omega-3 index observed in these patients. A reduction in hepatic steatosis was demonstrated with both intervention groups although no distinction between groups was seen. Further analyses demonstrate the potential to identify omega-3 sensitive patients using an easily available clinical tool for steatosis prediction.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0444.v1

Vitamin C to Improve Organ Dysfunction in Cardiac Surgery Patients—Review and Pragmatic Approach

Aileen Hill, Sebastian Borosch, Carina Benstöm, Christina Neubauer, Patrick Meybohm, Pascal Langlois, Neill KJ Adhikari, Daren K Heyland, Christian Stoppe

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: vitamin C; ascorbic acid; cardiac surgery; antioxidant therapy; nutrient; oxidative stress; organ dysfunction; multi organ failure

Online: 27 June 2018 (12:29:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0403.v1

Olive Oil and Diabetes: From Molecules to Lifestyle Disease Prevention

Ahmad Alkhatib, Catherine Tsang, Jaakko Tuomilehto

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: olive nutraceuticals; functional foods; exercise; nutrition; type-2 diabetes

Online: 26 June 2018 (09:37:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0370.v1

The Effects of Alcohol and Drugs of Abuse on Maternal Nutritional Profile During Pregnancy

Giorgia Sebastiani, Cristina Borrás Novell, Miquel Alsina Canovas, Mireia Pascual Tutusaus, Silvia Ferrero Martinez, María Dolores Gómez Roig, Oscar Garcia-Algar

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: alcohol; drugs of abuse; pregnancy; maternal nutrition; fetal nutrition; FASD; IUGR

Online: 25 June 2018 (05:57:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0315.v1

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Factors among Vegetarians in Malaysia

Yuan Kei Ching, Yit Siew Chin, Mahenderan Appukutty, Wan Ying Gan, Vasudevan Ramanchadran, Yoke Mun Chan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: metabolic syndrome; vegetarian; vegetarianism practices; overweight; lifestyle behaviors

Online: 20 June 2018 (08:49:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0063.v1

Strategies to Engage Adolescents in Digital Health Interventions for Obesity Prevention and Management

Stephanie R Partridge, Julie Redfern

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: engagement; adolescents; obesity; diet; prevention; management

Online: 5 June 2018 (11:21:25 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0462.v1

When Polyphenols Meet Sphingolipids: Cancer Prevention and Therapy

Michele Dei Cas, Riccardo Ghidoni

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: sphingolipids; ceramide; flavonoids; resveratrol; genistein; curcumin, nutrients; nutraceuticals; chemotherapeutics

Online: 31 May 2018 (08:26:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0457.v1

Nutrients, Nutraceuticals and Xenobiotics Affecting Renal Health

Carmela Cosola, Alice Sabatino, Ighli di Bari, Enrico Fiaccadori, Loreto Gesualdo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: CKD; renal function; nutrients; nutraceuticals; xenobiotics; inflammation; functional nutrition.

Online: 30 May 2018 (17:15:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0398.v1

Resveratrol Restores LINE-1 Methylation Levels by Modulating SIRT1 and DNMTs Functions in Cellular Models of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Andrea Maugeri, Martina Barchitta, Maria Grazia Mazzone, Francesco Giuliano, Guido Basile, Antonella Agodi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: retinal degeneration; DNA methylation; epigenetics; oxidative stress; inflammation

Online: 28 May 2018 (10:33:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0014.v1

How Exercise and Dietary Intervention Affect the Outcome of Osteosarcopenic Obesity Syndrome?

Pegah JafariNasabian

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: osteosarcopenic obesity; exercise; diet; aging; fall

Online: 2 May 2018 (08:02:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0218.v1

Scaling Up Obesity and NCD Prevention in the Eastern Mediterranean Region through Fat Reduction Intake Strategies at Population Levels

Ayoub Al Jawaldeh, Hanin Al-Jawaldeh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: NCD; Eastern Mediterranean region; Fat; SFA; TFA

Online: 17 April 2018 (06:24:29 CEST)

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NCDs are the leading cause of mortality globally which estimated 40 million death per year (68% of total death), with cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes. In the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), around 60% of all deaths are attributed to NCDs. Two-thirds of NCD premature deaths are linked to 4 shared modifiable behavioural risk factors: tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and harmful use of alcohol. These unhealthy behaviours lead to 4 key metabolic/biological changes that increase the risk of NCDs: raised blood pressure, overweight/obesity, high blood glucose levels/diabetes, and hyperlipidemia (high levels of fat in the blood). Globally, countries are already working towards agreed global goals on maternal and infant nutrition and on the prevention of NCDs, and both these include halting the increase in overweight and obesity and reducing NCD diet-related risk factors including reducing saturated fatty acids (SFA) and Trans fatty acid (TFA) intake. According to values reported for countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region, average SFA intake is estimated at 10.3% of energy intake (EI), thus exceeding the WHO recommended level of 10% EI. Average TFA intake in EMR countries is estimated at 1.9% EI, which also exceeds the WHO recommended levels of 1% EI. The EMR region was reported amongst the regions with the highest levels of TFA intake. The highest SFA intake was reported from Djibouti, Kuwait, Saudi-Arabia and Yemen, while the highest TFA intakes were reported from Egypt and Pakistan. If countries of the Eastern Mediterranean region receive immediate public health attention, that toll of NCD-related morbidity and mortality can be considerably decreased if evidence-based preventive interventions are implemented effectively. In this context, reductions in saturated fat and trans fat intakes have been highlighted as cost-effective strategies that may hamper the growth of the NCD epidemic.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0091.v1

Nutrition Support in Cardiac Surgery Patients—A Narrative Review

Aileen Hill, Ekaterina Nesterova, Vladimir Lomivorotov, Sergey Efremov, Andreas Goetzenich, Carina Benstoem, Mikhail Zamyantin, Michael Chourdakis, Daren Heyland, Christian Stoppe

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: cardiac surgery; cardiopulmonary bypass; systemic inflammatory response; nutrition risk stratification; underfeeding; postoperative nutritional management; supplemental parenteral nutrition; enteral nutrition; pharmaconutrition

Online: 8 April 2018 (10:24:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0259.v1

MOSH Syndrome (Male Obesity Secondary Hypogonadism): Clinical Assessment and Possible Therapeutic Approaches

Antonino De Lorenzo, Annalisa Noce, Eleonora Moriconi, Tiziana Rampello, Giulia Marrone, Nicola Di Daniele, Valentina Rovella

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: MOSH syndrome; lifestyle change; food addiction; aromatase activity; testosterone/estradiol ratio

Online: 30 March 2018 (06:19:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0223.v1

Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Obesity, Abdominal Obesity in Korean Elderly Population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 to 2014

Ki-Byeong Park, Hyun Ah Park, Jae-Heon Kang, Kyoungwoo Kim, Young Gyu Cho, Jinyoung Jang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: animal protein; plant protein; elderly; obesity; glomerular filtration rate

Online: 27 March 2018 (11:23:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0178.v1

Nutritional Anaemia and Obesity in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: The Protective Role of Breastfeeding for Two Years

Azza Abul-Fadl, Afaf Tawfik, Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: breastfeeding; mortality; obesity; overweight; stunting; wasting; education; life expectancy

Online: 20 March 2018 (10:29:32 CET)

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Background: The preexistence of obesity with nutritional anaemia is becoming an increasing problem in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). Much controversy exists around the role of continued breastfeeding in alleviating the health and survival consequences of these problems in the region. Aim: To examine trends and relationships of nutritional anaemia (NA) in women and children under-five years of age (CU5) with obesity and breastfeeding practices in the EMR. Methods: Data from regional database banks of WHO and UNICEF for anaemia in pregnant and non-pregnant women and CU5 from 22 countries in EMR were retrieved, compiled, and statistically analyzed. Breastfeeding indicators for timely first suckle (TFS), exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and continued breastfeeding for 12 (BFC12) and 24 months (BFC24), low-birth-weight (LBW), stunting, overweight, total fertility rates (TFR) and mortality rates (MR) were correlated with nutritional anaemia and analyzed by income groups into 5 low income countries (LIC), 11 middle income countries (MIC) and 6 high income countries (HIC). Results: Trends in mean prevalence of anaemia in women showed a concave curve increasing after a short decrease in the early 2000 in all income groups (P > 0.05). Trends in anaemia in the CU5 exhibited a steep decrease from a mean of 52.59 ± 16.4 in 2000 to 37.3 ± 14.9 in 2016 at P < 0.002, the steep decline was significant in HIC (P < 0.01) and MIC (P < 0.02), but not for LIC (P > 0.05). Anaemia prevalence in women and CU5 was significantly correlated to LBW, stunting, and with overweight and obesity in adults but negatively in CU5. All age specific MRs were highly correlated with anaemia in pregnant, non-pregnant and CU5 at P < 0.001 and TFR at P < 0.05. BFC for shorter durations was negatively correlated with anaemia in pregnant women (r-0.5) at P < 0.05 and was positively correlated in MIC and HIC. In non-pregnant women, BFC12 and BFC 24 correlated positively with anaemia prevalence in all three income groups at P < 0.01. Conclusions: Completing optimal breastfeeding for two years should be promoted to protect women and CU5 from anemia and obesity. Nutritional anemia during pregnancy increases regional rates of LBW, stunting and mortality. Spacing out births by encouraging longer duration of breastfeeding, to replenish iron stores, can help alleviate many of the health and nutritional problems in the region.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0064.v2

The Western Diet–Microbiome-Host Interaction and Its Role in Metabolic Disease

Marit K. Zinöcker, Inge A. Lindseth

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: western diet; microbiome; food processing; inflammation; metabolic diasease

Online: 19 March 2018 (07:31:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0133.v1

Association of Blood Pressure with Blood Lead and Cadmium Levels in Korean Adolescents: Analysis of Data from the 2010–2016 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Jaeouk Ahn, Nam-Soo Kim, Byung-Kook Lee, Jungsun Park, Yangho Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: hypertension; lead; cadmium; blood pressure; combined exposure

Online: 16 March 2018 (07:22:57 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0131.v1

Clinical Management of Low Vitamin D: A Scoping Review of Physician Practices

Michelle Rockwell, Vivica Kraak, Matthew Hulver, John Epling

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: vitamin D; 25-hydroxyvitamin-D; 25-OH-D; screening; physician practices; low value care; test overutilization

Online: 16 March 2018 (07:14:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0109.v1

The Association of Dietary Patterns with High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study in Italy

Martina Barchitta, Andrea Maugeri, Annalisa Quattrocchi, Ottavia Agrifoglio, Aurora Scalisi, Antonella Agodi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; Mediterranean Diet Score; Principal Component analysis; western diet; prudent diet

Online: 15 March 2018 (03:33:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0015.v1

Iodine and Pregnancy—A Qualitative Study Focusing on Dietary Guidance and Information

Maria Bouga, Michael EJ Lean, Emilie Combet

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: iodine; pregnancy; qualitative research; awareness; perceptions; nutrition

Online: 2 February 2018 (07:29:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0005.v1

ChREBP-Knockout Mice Show Sucrose Intolerance and Fructose Malabsorption

Takehiro Kato, Katsumi Iizuka, Ken Takao, Yukio Horikawa, Tadahiro Kitamura, Jun Takeda

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein; ketohexokinase; fructose; glucose transporter 5; glucose transporter 2

Online: 1 February 2018 (05:09:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0138.v1

Thyroid Nodules in Centenarians: Prevalence and Relationship to Lifestyle Characteristics and Dietary Habits

Yao Yao, Xianghui Chen, Shengzheng Wu, Liang Guo, Hao Zhang, Qiao Zhu, Jie Tang, Fuxin Luan, Yali Zhao, Faqin Lv, Yao He

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: thyroid nodules; ultrasound; lifestyle; dietary; betel quid; red meat; nut; centenarians

Online: 16 January 2018 (10:04:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0046.v2

Influence of Chitosan Treatment on Surrogate Serum Markers of Cholesterol Metabolism in Obese Subjects

Dieter Lütjohann, Milka Marinova, Karsten Wolter, Winfried Willinek, Norman Bitterlich, Martin Coenen, Christoph Coch, Frans Stellaard

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: cholesterol synthesis; bile acid synthesis; cholesterol absorption; lathosterol; plant sterols; oxysterols; lipoproteins; lipid lowering; phytosterols; placebo

Online: 10 January 2018 (10:51:03 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0081.v1

Insulin Resistance Syndrome- the Sensitive IRS

Eleni Pellazgu

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: insulin resistance; diet; exercise; microbiome; metabolic disorders

Online: 9 January 2018 (10:05:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0073.v1

Influence of Feeding Practices on Malnutrition in Haitian Infants and Young Children

Belén Irarrázaval, Salesa Barja, Edson Bustos, Romel Doirsaint, Gloria Senethmm, María Paz Guzmán, Ricardo Uauy

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: breastfeeding; feeding practices; infant feeding; nutrition; malnutrition; pediatrics; primary health care

Online: 9 January 2018 (05:23:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0148.v1

Phytochemical, Elemental and Proximate Analyses of Stored, Sun-Dried and Shade-Dried Baobab (Adansonia digitata) Leaves

Chukwuma C. Ogbaga, Fatima A. Nuruddeen, Olatunbosun O. Alonge, Onyinye F. Nwagbara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: baobab; phytochemistry; elemental constituents; proximate analysis; nutrition

Online: 23 November 2017 (04:04:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0066.v1

Association between Malnutrition and Hospital Mortality and Duration of Intensive Care Unit Admission in the Critically Ill: A Prospective Cohort Study

Charles Chin Han Lew, Gabriel Jun Yung Wong, Ka Po Cheung, Ai Ping Chua, Mary Foong Fong Chong, Michelle Miller

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: malnutrition; nutritional assessment; hospital mortality; length of stay; critical illness

Online: 10 November 2017 (06:29:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0055.v1

The Effect of a Diet Moderately High in Protein and Fiber on Insulin Sensitivity Measured Using the Dynamic Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Test (DISST)

Lisa Te Morenga, Paul Docherty, Sheila Williams, Jim Mann

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: diet; dietary protein; dietary fibre; insulin sensitivity assessment; insulin sensitivity; insulin resistance; metabolic syndrome

Online: 8 November 2017 (16:20:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0149.v1

Dietary Magnesium May Be Protective for Aging of Bone and Skeletal Muscle in Middle and Younger Older Age Men and Women: Cross-Sectional Findings from the UK Biobank Cohort

Ailsa A. Welch, Jane Skinner, Mary Hickson

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: aging; skeletal muscle; grip strength; sarcopenia; physical function; bone mineral density; magnesium

Online: 23 October 2017 (11:26:29 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0006.v1

Fatty Acids, Antioxidants and Physical Activity in Brain Aging

Hércules Rezende Freitas, Gustavo da Costa Ferreira, Isis Hara Trevenzoli, Karen de Jesus Oliveira, Ricardo Augusto de Melo Reis

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: essential fatty acids; ascorbic acid; glutathione; aging; parkinson’s disease; alzheimer’s disease; senescence; nervous system; growth factors; neuroprotection; docosahexaenoic acid; α-linolenic acid.

Online: 2 October 2017 (08:59:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0165.v1

Coffee Consumption and the Risk of Obesity in Korean Women

Jeonghee Lee, Hye Young Kim, Jeongseon Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: coffee; obesity; body mass index; waist circumference

Online: 30 September 2017 (05:12:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0082.v1

Dose-Dependent Effects of Oral Tyrosine Administration on Plasma Tyrosine Levels and Cognition in Aging

Ondine van de Rest, Mirjam Bloemendaal, Rianne de Heus, Esther Aarts

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: tyrosine; dose-response; aging; working memory; plasma amino acids; catecholamines; dopamine

Online: 18 September 2017 (15:48:07 CEST)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0081.v1

The Hypercalcemic Effect of Vitamin D3 in Sarcoidosis Could Be a Side Effect of an Endogenous Program Organizing Cancer Apoptosis

Raimund von Helden, William B. Grant, Meis Moukayed, Bernd Becker

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: sarcoidosis; monocytes; cancer; neoplasia; vitamin D; 25-hydroxyvitamin D3; 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D3; etiology; spontaneous remission of cancer; vitamin D side effects

Online: 18 September 2017 (14:21:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0081.v3

Developing and Validating an Age-Independent Equation Using Multi-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Estimation of Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass and Establishing a Cutoff for Sarcopenia

Yosuke Yamada, Miyuki Nishizawa, Tomoka Uchiyama, Yasuhiro Kasahara, Mikio Shindo, Motohiko Miyachi, Shigeho Tanaka

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: age-related skeletal muscle loss; sarcopenia; malnutrition risk assessment; DXA; multi-frequency BIA; aging

Online: 23 August 2017 (17:57:14 CEST)

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Background: Appendicular skeletal muscle (or lean) mass (ALM) estimated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is considered to be a preferred method for sarcopenia studies. However, DXA is expensive, has limited portability, and requires radiation exposure. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is inexpensive, easy to use, and portable; thus BIA might be useful in sarcopenia investigations. However, a large variety of models have been commercially supplied by different companies, and for most consumer products, the equations estimating ALM are not disclosed. It is therefore difficult to use these equations for research purposes. In particular, the BIA equation is often age-dependent, which leads to fundamental difficulty in examining age-related ALM loss. The aims of the current study were as follows: (1) to develop and validate an equation to estimate ALM using multi-frequency BIA (MF-BIA) based on theoretical models, and (2) to establish sarcopenia cutoff values using the equation for the Japanese population. Methods: We measured height (Ht), weight, and ALM obtained using DXA and a standing-posture 8-electrode MF-BIA (5, 50, 250 kHz) in 756 Japanese individuals aged 18 to 86-years-old (222 men and 301 women as developing equation group and 97 men and 136 women as a cross validation group). The traditional impedance index (Ht²/Z₅₀) and impedance ratio of high and low frequency (Z₂₅₀/Z₅) of hand to foot values were calculated. Multiple regression analyses were conducted with ALM as dependent variable in men and women separately. Results: We created the following equations: ALM = (0.6947 × (Ht²/Z₅₀)) + (−55.24 × (Z₂₅₀/Z₅)) + (−10,940 × (1/Z₅₀)) + 51.33 for men, and ALM = (0.6144 × (Ht²/Z₅₀)) + (−36.61 × (Z₂₅₀/Z₅)) + (−9332 × (1/Z₅₀)) + 37.91 for women. Additionally, we conducted measurements in 1624 men and 1368 women aged 18 to 40 years to establish sarcopenia cutoff values in the Japanese population. The mean values minus 2 standard deviations of the skeletal muscle mass index (ALM/Ht²) in these participants were 6.8 and 5.7 kg/m² in men and women, respectively. Conclusion: The current study established and validated a theoretical and age-independent equation using MF-BIA to estimate ALM and provided reasonable sarcopenia cutoff values.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0032.v1

Qualitative Studies of Infant and Young Child Feeding in Lower-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Dietary Patterns and Their Determinants

Alessandra N. Bazzano, Aiko Kaji, Erica Felker-Kantor, Kaitlin Storck Potts

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: qualitative research; infant feeding; complementary feeding; breast feeding; low income country

Online: 8 August 2017 (12:00:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0056.v1

Iodine Intake through Processed Food: Case studies from Egypt, Indonesia, the Philippines, the Russian Federation and Ukraine, 2010-2015

Jacky Knowles, Frits van der Haar, Magdy Shehata, Gregory Gerasimov, Bimo, Bettina Cavenagh, Cherry C Maramag, Edward Otico, Doddy Izwardy, Renecca Spohrer, Greg S Garrett

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Iodine; processed foods; universal salt iodization; case studies

Online: 19 July 2017 (23:41:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201707.0012.v1

Preventing Diabetes—What Is the Potential of Daily Water Intake and Its Mineral Nutrients?

Johannes Naumann, Diana Biehler, Tania Lüty, Catharina Sadaghiani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: diabetes; water intake; mineral water; magnesium; bicarbonate; review; prevention

Online: 6 July 2017 (18:12:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0118.v1

A National Dietary Assessment Reference Database (NDARD) for the Dutch population: rationale behind the design

Elske Brouwer-Brolsma, Martinette Streppel, Linde van Lee, Anouk Geelen, Diewertje Sluik, Anne van de Wiel, Jeanne De Vries, Pieter van 't Veer, Edith J.M. Feskens

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: dietary assessment; FFQ; recall; nutritional biomarker; validation

Online: 27 June 2017 (04:58:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0098.v1

Margarines and fast-food French fries: low content of trans fatty acids

Iciar Astiasarán, Elena Abella, Giulia Gatta, Diana Ansorena

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: food composition tables; lipid profile; trans fat; fast food; spreads

Online: 20 June 2017 (11:34:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0092.v1

Tracking Dietary Patterns over 20 Years from Childhood through Adolescence into Young Adulthood: The Saskatchewan Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study

Elham Movassagh, Adam Baxter-Jones, Saija Kontulainen, Susan Whiting, Hassanali Vatanparast

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: dietary patterns; tracking; stability; longitudinal change; generalized estimating equations; childhood; adolescence; adulthood

Online: 20 June 2017 (09:00:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0165.v1

Effects of β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate Supplementation on IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β1 during Resistance Exercise in Athletes

Rahman Rahimi, Hamid Shoker Nejad

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, anti-inflamatory cytokines, resistance exercise

Online: 23 May 2017 (07:30:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0135.v1

Saturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Replacements for Saturated Fat to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk

Michelle A. Briggs, Kristina S. Petersen, Penny M. Kris-Etherton

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: dietary substitution; CVD; saturated fatty acids; protein; monounsaturated fatty acids; polyunsaturated fatty acids; dairy fat; refined carbohydrates; whole grains

Online: 18 May 2017 (04:01:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0092.v1

Effect of rice cooking methods on postprandial glycaemic response, satiety and palatability, and chewed particle size distribution

Louise Weiwei Lu, Bernard Venn, Jun Lu, John Monro, Elaine Rush

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Parboiled rice, medium-grain white rice, cold stored, reheating, blood glucose concentration chewing time, satiety, palatability.

Online: 17 April 2017 (05:35:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0149.v1

Association between Alcohol Consumption, Folate Intake, and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Case-Control Study

Winta Yellow, William R. Bamlet, Ann L. Oberg, Kristin E. Anderson, Janet E. Olson, Rashmi Sinha, Gloria M. Petersen, Rachael Z. Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rick J. Jansen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: pancreatic cancer; alcohol intake; folate intake; case-control study

Online: 20 March 2017 (08:29:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0079.v1

Sodium and Potassium Intake in Healthy Adults in Thessaloniki Greater Metropolitan Area—The SING (Salt Intake in Northern Greece) Study

Eleni Vasara, Georgios Marakis, Joao Breda, Petros Skepastianos, Maria Hassapidou, Anthony Kafatos, Nikolaos Rodopaios, Alexandra A. Koulouri, Francesco P. Cappuccio

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: salt; sodium; potassium; intake; MedDietScore; Greece

Online: 14 March 2017 (08:56:43 CET)

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A reduction in population sodium (as salt) consumption is one of the most cost-effective strategies to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease and it is a global health priority. High potassium intake is also recommended to reduce cardiovascular disease. To establish effective policies for setting targets and monitoring effectiveness within each country, the current level of consumption should be known. Greece lacks data on actual sodium and potassium intakes. The aim of the present study was therefore to assess dietary salt (using sodium as biomarker) and potassium intakes in a sample of healthy adults in northern Greece and to determine whether adherence to a Mediterranean diet is related to different sodium intakes or sodium-to-potassium ratio. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in Thessaloniki greater metropolitan area (northern Greece) (n=252, aged 18-75 years, 45.2% males). Participants’ dietary sodium and potassium intakes were determined by 24h urinary sodium and potassium excretions. In addition, we estimated their adherence to Mediterranean diet by the use of an 11-item MedDietScore (range 0-55). The mean sodium excretion was 175 (SD 72) mmol/day, equivalent to 4,220 (1,745) mg of sodium or 10.7 (4.4) g of salt per day and potassium excretion was 65 (25) mmol/day, equivalent to 3,303 (1,247) mg/day. Men had higher sodium and potassium excretions compared to women. Only 5.6% of the sample had salt intake <5g/d, which is the target intake recommended by the WHO. Mean sodium-to-potassium intake ratio was 1.34 (0.51). There was no significant difference in salt or potassium intake or their ratio across MedDietScore quartiles. No significant relationships were found between salt intake and adherence to Mediterranean diet, suggesting that the perception of the health benefits of the Mediterranean diet does not hold when referring to salt consumption. These results suggest the need for a larger nation-wide survey on salt intake in Greece and underline the importance of continuation of salt reduction initiatives in Greece.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0099.v1

Advanced Glycation Endproducts form During Ovalbumin Digestion in the Presence of Fructose

Alejandro Gugliucci, Yasmin Bains, Russell Caccavello

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: ovalbumin, allergy; advanced glycation; fructose; fructositis; receptor for advanced glycation end products; inflammation; asthma; chlorogenic acid; Ilex paraguariensis; high fructose corn syrup

Online: 28 February 2017 (10:41:10 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0047.v1

Dietary Sugars and Endogenous Formation of Advanced Glycation Endproducts: Emerging Mechanisms of Disease

Manuela Aragno, Raffaella Mastrocola

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: advanced glycation end products; fructose; glucose; lipogenesis; sphingolipids; NLRP3; Nrf2; mitochondrial dysfunction; oxidative stress

Online: 14 February 2017 (08:38:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0135.v1

Evolution of Serum 25OHD in Response to Vitamin D₃ Fortified-Yogurts Consumed by Healthy Menopausal Women: A Six-Month Randomized-Controlled Trial Assessing the Interactions between Doses, Baseline Vitamin D Status and Seasonality

Jean-Philippe Bonjour, Flore Dontot-Payen, Emilien Rouy, Stephane Walrand, Brigitte Rousseau

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: nutritional intervention; menopausal women; vitamin D3-fortified yogurts; serum 25OHD dose response; seasonality interaction

Online: 31 January 2017 (12:01:31 CET)

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