Abstract: The lipid-based drug delivery systems have seen a major change and that has resulted in a significant change in the way drugs are being used for neurological, oncological, and systemic diseases. The process started with the traditional liposomes and finally ended with highly sophisticated lipid nanoparticles, tocosomes, and nanoliposomes that have better targeting, stability, and biocompatibility. The article in question does a thorough review of the historical development, structural basis, classification methods, and Quality by Design (QbD) formulation strategies that improve carrier efficiency. It also looks into the AI-enabled lipid nanoparticle technology that allows for customization, responsiveness to stimuli, and precision medicine applications. The comparison of the surfactant-based systems, the traditional liposomes, and the LNPs gives a clearer view of the need for compatibility, the therapeutic goals, and the disease-specific suitability. The new ways to deliver drugs through the skin, mouth, and quick-dissolving platforms are discussed in terms of their contribution to patient adherence and clinical use. The delivery of drugs using strategies like targeting is especially stated for neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's, cancers, and gene-based therapies; and that is made possible by developing ligand-based targeting and immune modulation. The discussed challenges in translation are regulatory complexities, scalability, reproducibility, and immunogenicity along with the future perspectives focusing on smart nanocarriers, hybrid biomimetic systems, and personalized therapeutics being the most important. In the end, it can be said that lipid-based nanocarriers are not just passive drug vehicles anymore, but rather they are becoming more like intelligent therapeutic platforms and thus, the transformation in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and clinical medicine is going to be very significant.

Abstract: Skin aging is driven by oxidative stress, extracellular matrix degradation, and UVB-induced cellular injury. Plant-derived bioactives with multi-targeted protective actions offer promising avenues for cosmeceutical development. This study assessed ethanolic leaf extracts of Vitex trifolia, an Indonesian medicinal plant traditionally used for skin disorders. Phytochemical analysis showed a total phenolic content of 78.52 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g and total flavonoid content of 1.99 ± 0.02 mg QE/g. LC–HRMS profiling identified major metabolites including casticin and several flavonoid and phenolic acid derivatives. Antioxidant assays demonstrated strong radical-scavenging and reducing activities, with IC₅₀ value of 63.47 ± 0.24 (DPPH) and 70.13 ± 1.28 μg/mL (ABTS), and a FRAP value of 36.3 ± 0.18 FeSO₄ eq/100 g. Enzymatic studies confirmed potent collagenase inhibition (IC₅₀=27.94 ± 3.20 μg/mL) and moderate elastase inhibition. In HaCaT keratinocytes, V. trifolia extract remained non-toxic up to 100 μg/mL and exerted cytoprotective activity against UVB-induced damage at 12.5–50 μg/mL. The extract also downregulated UVB-induced MMP-1 and MMP-9 expression up to 42% and 69%, respectively, outperforming ascorbic acid. These findings highlight V. trifolia as a promising natural anti-aging agent with strong antioxidant, protease-inhibitory and photoprotective properties, supporting its potential as safe and effective cosmeceutical ingredient.

Abstract: The sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruit has gained a lot of importance as a botanical cosmetic ingredient for its nutrients and bioactive compounds in the cosmeceutical industry. This review makes a systematic investigation into the scientific basis of the uses of sea buckthorn on dermatological health, focusing particularly on skin regeneration, anti-pigmentation and anti-acne effects. Rich in more than 190 bioactive compounds, rare omega-7 fatty acids (palmitoleic acid), vitamins (A, C, E, K), carotenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols this natural wonder evens skin tone and reduces pigmentation. Available evidence indicates that sea buckthorn extracts and oils have wound healing effects (enhancing collagen synthesis), tyrosinase inhibiting activity and can act against bacteria causing acne. Human studies have confirmed increase in skin moisture, elasticity and softness after sea buckthorn consumption. The present review combines and discusses recent findings, mechanisms of action, formulation difficulties as well as prospects for improving the clinical use of sea buckthorn in the cosmeceutical field.

Abstract: Modern drug delivery systems' evolution has drastically altered the paradigm from traditional dosage forms to the corresponding engineered technologies that are specifically made for controlled, targeted, and patient-centered therapies. The present article encompasses those liposomal carriers, nanoparticulate systems, oral fast dissolving technologies, and controlled release formulations that altogether shape the future of the therapeutic delivery. The intro gives a deciphering of the ideas of logical drug design and controlled targeting. The vesicular and liposomal systems are discussed in terms of their structural, biomedical, and clinical importance, after which the particle-based methods that sharpen therapeutic precision and conquer the barriers to macromolecular delivery are discussed. Lipid-based nanocarriers like solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) show their edge over others by maintaining exceptional stability, encapsulation efficiency, and continuous drug release characteristics. Besides that, oral fast-acting systems—which consist of mouth-dissolving tablets, films, and effervescent preparations—are characterized by their quick start and increased patient compliance coupled with chewable forms for easier acceptance. Among these reliable and sustained-release techniques are microencapsulation, pulsatile multiparticulate systems, and matrix-based designs that provide constant pharmacokinetic performance and help in keeping the patient. The article ends with clinical viewpoints on nanocarrier usage that are connecting preclinical innovations with clinical success. This whole synthesis marks that the interplay between formulation science and therapeutic outcomes is very strong and points out the fact that a patient-oriented approach is essential in pushing the next-generation drug delivery systems forward.

Abstract: A new iodine-dextrin-lithium complex (IDLC) was synthesized and structurally characterized as a hybrid supramolecular system combining antiseptic, stabilizing, and biocompatible components. The compound integrates iodine as the primary antimicrobial agent, lithium as a coordination and stabilization element, and dextrin as a biodegradable polysaccharide matrix enabling sustained release. Physicochemical analyses confirmed the formation of a uniform, thermally stable complex. Biological evaluation revealed strong bactericidal activity, with minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) ranging from 1.95 to 15.63 µg ml-1 against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, including multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii. The complex also demonstrated inhibitory effects in virus-infected MDCK cell cultures. Cytotoxicity studies showed CC50 = 0.23-0.48 mg ml-1 on human MNCs and more than 10 mg ml-1 on MDCK cells, confirming low toxicity. The results of the study on the cytotoxicity of IDLC suggest a cytotoxic effect on tumor cell lines such as HepG2, HeLa, AGS, K562, and H9, as well as normal cell lines MeT-5A. Therefore, it can be estimated that IDLC has the potential to be a new drug with antitumor activity against these cell lines. The research confirms that iodine can be effectively stabilized within a dextrin-lithium framework to yield a biologically active, thermally resistant complex, suitable for pharmaceutical use.

Abstract: The drug delivery system of today is made up of heap of innovations like lipid-based nanocarriers, controlled-release technologies, and rapidly developing oral dosage forms. The present article is the first to provide an exhaustive coverage of the latest methods along with their benefits that include greater therapeutic effectiveness, better patient compliance, and flexibility in formulation. One of these methods is the use of lipid nanoparticles: liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), and other vesicular systems which are responsible for the better solubility, permeability and stability of difficult bioactive molecules. Their compatibility with oral dosage forms has resulted in improving gastrointestinal absorption, targeted delivery, and sustained exposure.The controlled-release systems have come a long way too, offering the most sophisticated modulation of drug release through diffusion, erosion, osmotic, and swelling mechanisms. The systems yield predictable pharmacokinetic profiles and reduce dosing frequency, while oral controlled-release strategies' innovations open the door for an application in various therapeutic categories. In the meantime, oral dosage technologies such as fast-dissolving tablets, effervescent systems, QbD-based solid dosage forms, and 3D-printed tablets are signs of the growing patient-centric and customizable therapeutic design themes.The amalgamation of nanocarriers with state-of-the-art oral and controlled-release systems leads to the formation of synergistic platforms that are capable of delivering drugs with very high bioavailability and targeted delivery. Future directions indicate the pathways of transporter-mediated absorption, AI-assisted formulation optimization, and new capsule-based inventions as revolutionary players of drug delivery in the next generation. The advances mentioned above form a united pattern for future pharmaceutical development that is based on creative ideas, accuracy, and improved efficiency in therapy.

Abstract:

Background/Objectives: The poor aqueous solubility of curcumin limits its pharmaceutical application. Although amorphization can enhance its solubility, the amorphous form often exhibits insufficient physical stability. Co-amorphization, particularly drug-drug co-amorphous (CAM) formation, offers a promising approach to improve solubility, stability, and therapeutic efficacy. This study aimed to prepare and evaluate two CUR-based CAM systems using isoquinoline alkaloids berberine chloride (BER) and palmatine chloride (PAL) as co-formers to achieve simultaneous stabilization and synergistic bioactivity. Methods: CUR-BER and CUR-PAL CAM systems were prepared via rotary evaporation under vacuum at a 1:1 molar ratio. The solid-state properties were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and solid-state ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Dissolution, solubility, and stability studies were conducted, while antioxidant and anticancer activities were assessed by DPPH/ABTS⁺ radical-scavenging and MTT assays using HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. Results: PXRD and DSC confirmed the formation of single-phase amorphous systems with higher glass transition temperatures, indicating strong intermolecular interactions between CUR and BER/PAL. ¹³C ssNMR spectroscopy evidenced hydrogen-bond formation between the enolic hydroxyl moiety of CUR and the methoxy oxygen atoms in BER or PAL molecules. Both CAM systems significantly enhanced the solubility and dissolution rate of CUR, with CUR-PAL CAM showing up to a 15.1-fold solubility improvement. The CAM systems also displayed excellent physical stability and synergistic antioxidant and anticancer effects compared with pure amorphous CUR. Conclusions: Co-amorphization of CUR with isoquinoline alkaloids effectively improved solubility, stability, and pharmacological synergy, representing a promising strategy for the rational design of multifunctional amorphous drug formulations for combinatorial cancer therapy.

Abstract: Background: Children are often underserved by oral medicines designed for adults, leading to off-label use and workarounds that risk dosing inaccuracy. Objective: To synthesise recent advances in paediatric orodispersible tablets (ODTs), covering manufacturing technologies, disintegrant choices, taste-masking strategies and in-vitro disintegration methods. Methods: Following PRISMA, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus and Google Scholar for experimental studies formulating ODTs relevant to paediatric use. Two reviewers screened records and extracted data on technology, excipients, disintegration/dissolution testing and key outcomes; risk of bias was evaluated using a six-domain framework. Results: Sixty-four studies met inclusion criteria. Direct compression was the predominant approach, with additional use of freeze-drying, sublimation, spray-drying, nanoparticle-in-tablet systems, and semi-solid extrusion/3D printing for personalised dosing. Crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium and sodium starch glycolate were the most frequent superdisintegrants; natural and co-processed systems showed promise as cost-effective alternatives. Disintegration time was commonly assessed with pharmacopoeial methods, but multiple modified set-ups were reported to better simulate oral conditions. Conclusions: Paediatric ODT development has accelerated, with direct compression remaining first-line and 3D-printing emerging for dose individualisation. Though paediatric ODTs are now a practical platform, translation hinges on three priorities: (i) harmonised, physiologically relevant disintegration tests aligned with Ph. Eur./USP; (ii) routine, age-stratified acceptability reporting alongside in-vitro data; and (iii) GMP-ready workflows. Head-to-head benchmarking of co-processed and natural/synthetic superdisintegrants using common endpoints, plus attention to dose flexibility, heat-stable packaging, and affordability, will accelerate equitable uptake.

Abstract: A high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was developed for the simultaneous quantification of andrographolide (AG) and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (DDAG) in rat serum. A salt-assisted liq-uid-liquid extraction (SALLE) procedure was optimized, with MgSO4 yielding the highest extraction efficiency (>90% for both AG and DDAG), outperforming conventional solvent extraction and comparable to solid-phase extraction. The method exhibited acceptable linearity (125–2000 ng/mL, r2 > 0.99), with low limits of detection and quantification of 60 and 70 ng/mL for AG and 201 and 234 ng/mL for DDAG, while adhering to the ICH M10 criteria for accuracy, precision, and stability under various storage conditions. Stability testing of the prepared samples demonstrated that > 99% of AG and 95% of DDAG were retained when stored at low temperatures, specifically below 4 °C. The developed method was successfully applied for a pharmacokinetic study following oral administration of Andrographis paniculata extract (containing AG 7.5 mg/kg) in healthy Wistar rats. The SALLE-HPLC-DAD developed herein enables selective AG quantification without signifi-cant matrix interference. In conclusion, this study introduces an alternate sample prepa-ration and analytical method that is fast, cost-effective, and reliable, making it suitable for pharmacokinetic studies of the principal biomarker of Andrographis paniculata.

Abstract: The pharmaceutics world today is rapidly transforming with the evolution of next-generation drug delivery systems. The current article discusses the history, mechanism of action, application, and limitations of liposomal and surfactant-based drug delivery systems. Liposomes have evolved from simple bilayer vesicles to advanced PEGylated nanocarriers that are common today in wide use for site-specific chemotherapeutic and biologic delivery. Surfactant-based products such as micelles and emulsions increase drug solubility and bioavailability and bring definitive benefits to drug resistance management.The review gives a critical appraisal of FDA-approved pharmaceuticals like Doxil®, illustrated with clinical effectiveness and regulatory impact. Challenges in immune responses, stability, and scalability issues are well-explored with focus on keeping commercialization as a concern. Comparative views postulate complementary strengths of surfactant carriers and liposomes in which the former possesses ease in formulation and facilitation of permeability and the latter possesses targeting and biocompatibility advantage.Based on integration of 25 key primary source pieces of information, the article provides birds-eye view of current capability and constraint, and direction in the future as hybrid delivery systems and novel nanocarrier design. The aim of this article is to raise awareness among researchers, clinicians, and regulators of translational and therapeutic potential of such systems and highlight the necessity of interdisciplinary solutions towards bridging contemporary constraints to clinical take-up.

Abstract: Background/Objectives: Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive compound found in the Cannabis sativa plant. Due to its broad therapeutic potential, CBD is often incorporated into various pharmaceutical formulations. This study aimed to evaluate homogenous (oil-based) and heterogeneous (emulsion-based) liquid preparations of CBD using different fatty oils and to provide a comprehensive comparative framework for the development of stable liquid dosage forms of cannabidiol (CBD), with direct applications in pharmaceutical formulations. Methods: The oils and emulsions were qualitatively analysed to assess their stability and suitability as CBD carriers. Ultra-Violet (UV) spectrophotometry and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) were employed for quantifying CBD in the formulations and also characterising them in terms of product quality. Results: The results indicated that sunflower oil is the most stable and analytically compatible matrix, with CBD recovery exceeding 97% and minimal degradation over time. Conversely, linseed and pumpkin seed oils exhibited significant analytical interference and oxidative instability. Oil-in-water emulsions prepared with a 4% Tween 80/Span 80 mixture demonstrated optimal physical stability and droplet size distribution. Conclusions: Overall, both formulations can be regarded as suitable pharmaceutical carriers for CBD delivery.

Abstract: Objectives: Bone defects, resulting from many causes, represent a challenge in maxillofacial and orthopaedic surgery. Regenerative medicine offers promising strategies by introducing exogenous materials to modify the tissue environment and modulate the body's natural healing mechanisms. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are considered an effective source for tissue repair. Small molecules such as caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), although having promising effects in promoting bone regeneration, are characterized by low chemical stability, which impairs their clinical application. This study aimed to investigate the bone regenerative capability of four CAPE derivatives, recently synthesized in our laboratory and selected based on previous studies.Methods: DPSCs were induced to osteogenic differentiation in the presence of these compounds (0–5 μM), and cell viability, matrix deposition, alkaline phosphatase activity, and osteogenic marker gene expression were evaluated. In addition, bone biomaterials composed of a chitosan/agarose matrix reinforced with nanohydroxyapatite and enriched with these CAPE derivatives were fabricated and assessed for cytotoxicity and cell adhesion.Results: Two of the tested compounds effectively enhanced DPSC differentiation toward the osteogenic lineage. The fabricated bone biomaterials showed no cytotoxicity and supported cell adhesion. Furthermore, these compounds demonstrated stability under various conditions, confirming their suitability for incorporation into bone biomaterials.Conclusions: The tested CAPE derivatives exhibit promising osteoinductive properties and stability, offering a valid alternative to traditional therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine.

Abstract: Sanicula europaea L. (Apiaceae), commonly known as European sanicle, has been long used in traditional medicine as a hemostatic agent, for accelerating wound healing, and for treating inflammatory and dermatological conditions. However, scientific evidence supporting these uses remains limited. Comprehensive phytochemical and pharmacological screening of extracts from the herb and rhizomes with roots of S. europaea holds promise, as aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts were obtained from its aerial and underground parts. Phytochemical analysis identified 16 phenolic compounds, including tannins, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, and coumarin. All tested extracts (100 mg/kg) demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in a formalin-induced paw oedema model. Hemostatic properties were assessed using the Duke bleeding time method. Application of herb extracts reduced bleeding time by 49.56% and 48.29% compared to the control group, and by 34.37% and 32.72% relative to the reference drug. The use of herb extracts accelerated wound healing by 5.34 and 4.84 days compared to the control group, and by 1.5 and 1.0 days relative to the reference drug. Rhizome-root extracts shortened the healing process by 2.83 and 2.01 days compared to the control group, although healing occurred later than with the reference drug. Both herb and rhizome-root extracts exhibited inhibitory effects against rod-shaped and coccoid bacterial strains. Based on the results of pharmacological screening, herb extracts of S. europaea demonstrated pronounced hemostatic, wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.

Abstract: In the present study, (E)-1-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)benzo[d]thiazol-6-yl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (4) was designed and synthesized via a three-step reaction sequence. Initially, 6-acetylbenzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-one (1) was hydrolyzed to the corresponding 5-acetyl-2-aminothiophenol 2 and then cyclized with pyridine-2-carbaldehyde. The final product was synthesized by a base-catalyzed aldol condensation of 1-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)benzo[d]thiazol-6-yl)ethan-1-one (3) and 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde and was comprehensively characterized.

Abstract: The sustained development of science in drug delivery has transformed contemporary therapeutics towards targeted, controlled and patient-centred therapy. In this review, the authors analyze the development and incorporation of liposomal, nanoparticulate, and oral fast-dissolving systems as new drug delivery systems. The paper starts with the rationale and strategic principles of the controlled delivery, then proceeds to discuss vesicular delivery vehicles (liposomes, proniosomes, and niosomes) and their structural benefits and pharmaceutical importance. Both polymeric and inorganic nanoparticles are also discussed due to their ability to improve bioavailability, oral peptide delivery, and effusive dispensation of drugs. Solid lipid system in the form of Solid lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) provide even greater stability and biocompatibility to support sustained and localized therapeutic effects. In addition, the introduction of dissolvable, effervescent and chewable dosages, improve patient compliance and guarantee the fast onset of a pharmacological effect, especially in patients with swallowing problems. The combination of formulation technology and nanomedicine is manifested through controlled and sustained-release approaches, which are combined with vesicular nanocarriers. The final part of the review is dealing with the translational issues, regulatory approaches, and future opportunities of incorporating nanocarrier-based therapeutics in clinical practice. Taken together, these inventions represent a paradigm shift of more effective, safer and more personalized pharmaceutical treatment that will be in line with the trends in precision medicine around the world.

Abstract: Over the past seven decades, the use of microplastics (MPs) has become widespread due to their low cost, accessibility, and ease of transport. Several studies have indicated that exposure to these particles, through inhalation, ingestion, or dermal contact, can facilitate their entry into various types of human cells. MPs have been detected in blood, feces, placenta, and other tissues, generating increasing interest in understanding their potential presence and effects in the human brain, particularly in neuroglial cells. In the current context, where neurodegenerative diseases affect a significant proportion of the global population, a comprehensive review of the available literature on MPs was conducted using in vivo animal models and in vitro cell cultures to analyze their effects on glial cells. The search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases using the terms “microplastics” and “neuroglia,” identifying 18 relevant studies. The findings suggest that the entry of MPs into the nervous system occurs primarily in the form of nanoplastics (NPs), which activate microglia and induce the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). This inflammatory response triggers neuronal dysfunction and disrupt cerebral homeostasis, potentially contributing to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis. Further research into the pathogenesis of MPs in neuroglia is essential to protect neural function, develop therapeutic strategies, and ultimately improve individuals’ quality of life.

Abstract: Drug delivery systems have come a long way and have developed tremendously with the introduction of bioavailability, targeted delivery, and patient compliance challenges. The article gives a comprehensive review of the recent technological advancements in vesicular carriers, nanoparticle platforms, solid lipid systems, and new oral dosage forms. Liposomal and proniosomal vesicular systems allow delivery of sensitive drugs, targeted delivery, and controlled release while nasal-pulmonary routes open up the treatment methods for respiratory diseases. The use of polymeric and inorganic nanoparticles has removed the barriers in oral administration of peptide and protein and allowed the delivery to specific sites, thus increasing therapeutic efficacy. Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers have the property of being both biocompatible and sustained release, and hence they can serve both systemic and local drug delivery needs.Mouth-dissolving tablets, effervescent formulations, chewable tablets, and multiparticulate/pulsatile systems are among the innovative oral dosage forms that not only improve patient adherence but also permit customizable pharmacokinetic profiles. Along with controlled and sustained release strategies, like fast-dissolving tablets and liposomal vesicular carriers, material science is fused with clinical needs, leading to decreased dosing frequency and supporting chronotherapeutic regimens. The technologies used in oral dosage forms collectively show a shift towards precision medicine in the sense that they are patient-centric and result in better therapeutic outcomes.These systems not only point out the possible scenario of safer, more effective, and convenient therapies but at the same time also show a good link between the pharmaceutical innovation and clinical application. Novel oral drug delivery systems, nanocarriers, and vesicular platforms research would still be the potential areas in which drug delivery efficiency would be further enhanced and clinical impact stretched across various therapeutic areas.

Abstract: Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) has recently attracted attention as a highly selective cancer treatment, with good treatment outcomes observed from the only antibody-based drug currently available for clinical use. However, since only a single agent is currently used clinically and the development of new antibodies is costly, exploring other therapeutic modalities is important. In this study, we investigated a novel peptide-based PIT drug targeting programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is overexpressed in many types of cancer. The WL12 peptide, which is known to bind to PD-L1, was conjugated with the photoabsorber IRDye700DX (IR700), and its usefulness was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. In therapeutic experiments on PD-L1-positive cells, NIR-PIT with WL12-IR700 induced PIT-like morphological changes in cells and reduced cancer cell viability in an NIR light dose- and drug concentration-dependent manner. In vivo experiments showed significant suppression of tumor growth and an extended overall survival rate. These results indicate that the developed peptide-based drug can be used for PD-L1-targeted NIR-PIT.

Abstract: Drug delivery systems have come to be precise, effective, and patient-friendly—the very design features of modern treatment. The current review covers a wide range of topics, such as the use of nanocarriers, vesicular systems, solid lipid nanoparticles, and new oral dosage forms in pharmaceutical practice. Liposomes, proniosomes, and naso-pulmonary vesicular carriers not only protect unstable drugs but also enable delivering the drug right to the site and thus increasing its bioavailability. Besides its great potential for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, the system based on nanoparticle power maximizes the efficacy of drug action by penetrating through biological barriers and altering pharmacokinetic profiles in a favorable way. The solid lipid systems, consisting of SLNs and NLCs, provide controlled release and stability while ensuring biocompatibility. The oral dosage innovations, for example, mouth dissolving tablets, films, effervescent, and chewy ones, not only improve patient compliance but also offer either rapid or sustained drug action. Controlled and sustained release technologies, which include polymeric and vesicular strategies, make it possible to attain therapeutic effect for a longer time, maintain plasma concentrations predictable, and hence reduce dosing frequency. All these technologies together represent a credible changeover in part towards precise therapeutics, wherein formulation science is merged with nanotechnology to resolve clinical issues in contemporary medicine. The review brings out the great importance of the advanced drug delivery systems in the enhancement of the treatment outcomes, reduction of the side effects, and increased patient adherence, also being a future hope in personalized and targeted therapies.

Abstract: Background/Objectives: Silodosin (SLD) is a selective α1A-adrenoceptor antagonist used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Bioequivalence failures have been reported for hard capsule formulations, largely due to the effect of disintegrant excipients, making soft capsules a promising alternative dosage form. This study investigated the stability of SLD soft capsules stored in two different packaging materials, PVC/PVDC and AquaBa®. Methods: Storage temperatures and sampling were done according to the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) stability conditions. Assays were done by HPLC and UV and mass detection. Results: Degradation analysis revealed that temperature played a critical role in SLD degradation and the formation of its primary degradation products, dehydrosilodosine and impurity 1. Conclusions: AquaBa® demonstrated superior protective properties compared to PVC/PVDC, preserving SLD content above 95% for over 12 months under 25 ºC and 30 ºC conditions while limiting the formation of degradation products. Nevertheless, impurity 1 exceeded its ICH Q3B (R2) specification limit (0.3%) after six months under all conditions tested, suggesting a critical interaction between SLD and excipients such as Capryol® 90. Kinetic modeling confirmed first-order degradation kinetics for both dehydrosilodosine and impurity 1, with a faster degradation rate observed in PVC/PVDC blisters. These findings highlight the critical role of packaging in pharmaceutical stability. While AquaBa® emerges as the preferred option for SLD soft capsules, formulation optimization remains necessary to limit impurity formation, extend shelf life, and ensure regulatory compliance.