Search Subject Areas | Preprints.org

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0716.v1

Analysis of Optimal Source and Application Timing of Nitrogen Fertilizers in Various Soil Types to Minimize Environmental Impacts Caused by Nitrate Leaching

Saeed Sharafi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Grain yield; N fertilizer; Nitrate leaching; Protein percentage; Wheat

Online: 9 June 2023 (12:16:08 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

The use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers can have detrimental effects on the environment due to nitrate leaching. This study aims to examine the impact of N fertilizer source and application timing on wheat yield and nitrate leaching in various soil textures. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was employed to conduct the experiment. The treatments consisted of two N fertilizer sources: ammonium nitrate (AN) and urea (NN), applied at three different times throughout the year, with a control treatment. The three application timings were total application before sowing (T₁), total application in spring (T₂), and half the amount before sowing and the other half in spring (T₃). The experiment was conducted in three different soil textures (sandy loam, silty clay loam, and silty clay), with three replications over three growing seasons: 2018-19 (Y₁), 2019-20 (Y₂), and 2020-21 (Y₃). The results indicated significant effects of different soil textures on grain yield. Specifically, the silty clay loam soil differed significantly from the sandy loam and silty clay soils in terms of grain yield. The interaction effects between the N fertilizer source and application timing were also found to be significant for all soil textures (p<0.01). In sandy loam and silty clay soils, the grain yield increased when using the T₃ application timing compared to the silty clay loam soil. Notably, the silty clay loam soil with the T₂ application timing exhibited the highest grain yield, with a yield of 6863.6 kg ha^-1. Furthermore, the study revealed that N fertilizers and their application timing significantly influenced the protein content in the silty clay and sandy loam soils. The protein percentages were 10.76 and 10.93 for the silty clay and sandy loam soils, respectively, following the T₂ treatment. Additionally, ammonium nitrate (AN) demonstrated a noticeable effect on the percentage of grain protein compared to urea (NN). In conclusion, the application timing of N fertilizers had an impact on grain yield and protein content in different soil textures. Moreover, nitrate concentration increased throughout the experiment, with the highest soil nitrate concentration observed in both fertilizer treatments, particularly in the sandy loam soil.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0713.v1

ClimInonda a Web Application for Management the Climate Da-Ta: Case Study of the Flooding Risk in Bayech Transboundary Basin

Zaineb Ali, Amine Saddik, Brahim Erraha, Adnane Labbaci, Mohamed Ouessar

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Web application; climate data; weather station; ClimInonda

Online: 9 June 2023 (11:51:39 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0708.v1

Geological Mapping of Grib Kimberlite Pipe Using 3D Magnetization Vector Inversion From Airborne Data

Vladislav Kaminski, Valeriya Nabieva, Alexander Frolov, Inna Shalovenkova, Alexander Davydenko

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: airborne geophysics; magnetometry; remote sensing; MVI inversion; QDIK inversion; remanent magnetization

Online: 9 June 2023 (11:17:13 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0682.v1

Novel Land Cover Change Detection Deep Learning Framework with Very Small Initial Samples Using Heterogeneous Remote Sensing Images

Yangpeng Zhu, Qianyu Li, Zhiyong Lv, Nicola Falco

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Land cover change detection; HRSIs; Deep learning neural network; Very Small training samples

Online: 9 June 2023 (08:10:25 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0669.v1

Soil Sustainability in an Integrated Production System in a Brazilian Semi-Arid Region

José Félix De Brito Neto, Fabrícia de Fátima Araújo Chaves, André Luiz Pereira da Silva, Evandro Franklin de Mesquita, Cláudio Silva Soares, Gislayne Kayne Gomes da Cruz, Rener Luciano de Souza Ferraz, Fernanda Ramos de Paiva, Kaíque Romero da Costa Araújo, Alberto Soares De Melo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: respirometry; cover crops; conservation systems; microbial biomass

Online: 9 June 2023 (04:44:20 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0664.v1

Vegetation Identification in Hyperspectral Images Using Distance/Correlation Metrics

Gabriel E. Chanchí Golondrino, Manuel A. Ospina Alarcón, Manuel Saba

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Distance/correlation-based method; Urban vegetation; Vegetation Clustering; Vegetation classifi-cation interpolation

Online: 9 June 2023 (04:15:53 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Vegetation identification using remote sensing is essential for understanding terrestrial ecosystems and monitoring climate change. This technology by providing high-resolution images of the Earth's surface from satellites, aircraft, and drones has revolutionized the way scientists study and un-derstand vegetation patterns, providing information on the distribution, structure, and health of plant communities in different regions and biomes. However, identifying vegetation in multi and hyperspectral images remains a difficult, time-consuming, and costly process. Traditional methods for vegetation mapping involve the in-terpretation of spectral indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), alt-hough they often suffer from limitations such as manual interpretation and limited spatial resolution of satellite images. Furthermore, machine learning techniques, artificial neural networks, decision trees, support vector machines, and random forests have shown promising results in identifying and classifying vegetation cover from hyperspectral images. However, due to the need for per-son-nel with specialized expertise, their application on a large scale is still challenging. On the other hand, correlation methods between curves have emerged as powerful and simplified tool for comparing spectral signatures of hyperspectral image pixels and efficiently classifying vegetation in a study area. Pearson's correlation coefficient and spectral angle mapper are among the most common correlation methods used in vegetation mapping. These correlation methods, among many others available, offer an easily implemented and computationally efficient approach, making them particularly useful for applications in developing countries or regions with limited resources. In this article, a comparative study of correlation/distance metrics was conducted for the detection of vegetation pixels in hyperspectral images. The study allowed for the comparison of five distance and/or correlation metrics: direct correlation, cosine similarity, normalized Euclidean distance, Bray-Curtis’s distance, and Pearson correlation. The two metrics that yielded the best accuracy results in vegetation pixel detection were direct correlation and Pearson correlation. Based on the selected methods, a vegetation detection algorithm was implemented and validated on a hyper-spectral image of the Manga neighborhood in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia. The spectral library was utilized for image processing, while the numpy and scipy libraries in the Python programming language were used for the mathematical calculation of correlations. Both the study's approach and the implemented algorithm aim to serve as a reference for conducting detection studies of various material types in hyperspectral images using open-access programming platforms.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0661.v1

Soil Moisture Retrieval in Bare Agricultural Areas using Sentinel-1 Images

Mouad Ettalbi, Nicolas Baghdadi, Pierre-André Garambois, Hassan Bazzi, Emmanuel Ferreira, Mehrez Zribi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Soil Moisture; Bare agricultural areas; Neural Networks; Satellite Remote Sensing; Sentinel-1

Online: 9 June 2023 (03:57:30 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0606.v1

Heat Wave Magnitude Projection in the Middle Awash Basin Under Coupled Model Intercomparison Project the 6th Phase (CMIP6)

Tadele Badebo Badacho

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Awash Basin; Climate change; climate extreme; CMIP6 models; Heat wave

Online: 8 June 2023 (08:45:18 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0599.v1

Occurrence, Structure and Abundance Natural and Artificial of Juglans neotropica Diels, in the Province of Loja and Zamora Chinchipe in Southern Ecuador

Byron Palacios Herrera, Santiago Pereira Lorenzo, Darwin Pucha Cofrep

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Genetics; forest; ecosystem; wood; native; extinction

Online: 8 June 2023 (07:13:55 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0594.v1

Monitoring Braided River-Bed Dynamics at Sub-Event Time Scale Using Time Series of Sentinel-1 SAR Imagery

Daniele Rossi, Guido Zolezzi, Walter Bertoldi, Alfonso Vitti

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: SAR; Gravel-bed rivers; Morphodynamics; Flood dynamics; River bank erosion

Online: 8 June 2023 (05:00:07 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Remote sensing plays a central role in the assessment of environmental phenomena and has increasingly become a powerful tool for monitoring shorelines, rivers morphology, flood waves delineation and floods assessment. Optical based monitoring and characterization of river evolution at long time scales is a key tool in fluvial geomorphology. However, the evolution occurring during extreme events is crucial for the understanding of the river dynamics under severe flow conditions and requires the processing of data from active sensors to overcome cloud obstructions. This work proposes a cloud-based unsupervised algorithm for the intra-event monitoring of river dynamics during extreme flow conditions based on time series of Sentinel-1 SAR data. The method allows the extraction of multi-temporal series of spatially explicit geometric parameters at high time and spatial resolutions, linking them to the hydrometric levels acquired by reference gauge stations. Intra-event reconstruction of inundation dynamics has led to the estimation of the relationship between hydrometric level and wet area extension and the assessment of bank erosion phenomena. Time series of SAR acquisitions, provided by Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellites, were analyzed to quantify changes in the wet area of a reach of the Tagliamento river under different flow conditions. The algorithm, developed within the Python-API of GEE, first empowers the Sentinel-1 images with the hydrometric level, then involves radiometric slope correction and speckle noise filtering. The Otsu method is then used for image segmentation leading to a water and dry land binary classification. Results support many types of analysis about river dynamics, including morphological changes, floods monitoring and relief efforts and bio-physical habitat dynamics. The results encourage future advancements and applications of the algorithm, specifically exploring SAR data from ICEYE and Capella Space constellations, which offer significantly higher spatial and temporal resolutions compared to Sentinel-1 data.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0589.v1

Adsorption of Hydrogen Sulphide on Activated Carbon Materials Derived from the Solid Fibrous Digestate

Evangelia Choleva, Anastasios Mitsopoulos, Georgia Dimitropoulou, George Em. Romanos, Evangelos P. Kouvelos, Georgios Pilatos, Stylianos D. Stefanidis, Angelos Lappas, Themistoklis Sfetsas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: activated carbon; hydrogen sulfide; biogas; physical adsorption; micropores; biogas; solid fibrous digestate; carbon dioxide; mesopores

Online: 8 June 2023 (04:31:16 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0561.v1

Integration of Indigenous and Local Knowledge in Policy and Practice of Nature-based Solutions in China: Progress and Highlights

Ruizi Yu, Quan Mu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: nature-based solutions; indigenous and local knowledge; China

Online: 7 June 2023 (13:26:17 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0555.v1

Exploration of a Filtration Model Variable Space using Machine Learning

Jeffrey Belding, Deena Hannoun

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Filtration, Water Treatment, Water Management, Machine Learning, Run-to-Run Control

Online: 7 June 2023 (13:07:38 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0547.v1

Structural & Tectonic Evolution of the Porgera Gold Mine; Highlands of Papua New Guinea

Kevin C. Hill, Gareth T. Cooper, Agnes Pokondepa, Peter Essy, Thiwaporn Phonsit, Mark Haydon

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Fold belt; Metasediments; Ore-body; Orogenesis; Pull-apart basin

Online: 7 June 2023 (11:57:26 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

The acquisition of regional, 1 metre resolution LIDAR in the PNG Highlands combined with 3D modelling in MoveTM has revolutionized our understanding of the evolution of the Porgera gold mine and areas of new potential. The new 3D model demonstrates active pull-apart basins along a regional transfer during ongoing fold and thrust deformation. When overlain on regional aeromagnetic data, new potential is revealed. The Porgera gold mine is one of the richest in the world and lies in a wide valley at an elevation of 2800m surrounded by mountains up to 4000m high in the middle of the PNG Highlands. It lies along a major lineament, the Porgera Transfer Zone (PTZ), cutting across the orogen that is associated with a 50 km offset of the ophiolite belt. To the NW of the mine there is an extensive belt of low- to high-grade metasediments that formed in deep water during Jurassic rifting, but were metamorphosed during Eocene subduction to the north. Subduction ceased due to accretion of the Sepik Terrane which caused inversion and mild erosion of the Porgera area. The Late Oligocene onset of wrenching in the Mobile Belt to the north placed that area into extension, emplacing metamorphic core complexes, and led to regional subsidence in the Early Miocene. Collision of the margin with the Melanesian Arc in the Middle Miocene caused Late Miocene to Pliocene orogenesis creating the broad mountain belt that we see today, that is still active, as shown by the 2018 MW 7.5 earthquake. Regional mapping of the area using high resolution LIDAR in association with limited field mapping, analysis of gravity and magnetics data and drilling of 300-500m deep core-holes has allowed development of a detailed 3D structural model. The Porgera valley is constrained laterally by the Eastern Boundary and Western Boundary dextral strike-slip faults that lie along the PTZ cutting across the orogeny. However, whilst the position and nature of the faults is clear, due to bending, fracturing and offset of major synclines and anticlines, the faults do not crop-out as significant through-going features. Rather, the dextral offset of basement is soft-linked to the Tertiary limestones at surface due to intervening thick, ductile Cretaceous shales. Fold and thrust structures are ubiquitous in the Tertiary limestones, but the youngest structural features are large extensional faults, particularly around the Porgera valley. The intrusive underlying the Porgera ore-body was emplaced at 6.0+-0.3 Ma, the time of maximum compression during orogenesis. At this time the Eastern Boundary fault and Western Boundary fault were both active allowing a pull-apart basin to form locally along the PTZ at the south-eastern boundary of the Jurassic metasediments. This enabled emplacement of the intrusive. The gold-bearing fluids from the intrusive and metasediments were brought up through the Mesozoic muds to the contact with the Paleogene carbonates where the Porgera ore body was emplaced.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0493.v1

Experimental Validation and Calibration of the Galvin Model with Artificial Tight Sandstones with Controlled Fractures

Yuangui Zhang, Bangrang Di

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Artificial fractured tight stones; equivalent medium theories; rock physics; experimental validation; anisotropy

Online: 7 June 2023 (05:45:05 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1205.v2

A Spacel Information Extraction Method based on Multimodal Social Media Data: A Case Study on Urban Inundation

Yilong Wu, Yingjie Chen, Rongyu Zhang, Zhenfei Cui, Xinyi Liu, Jiayi Zhang, Yong Wu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geography Keywords: multi-modal; social media; spatio-temporal information extraction; inundation

Online: 6 June 2023 (10:26:36 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0433.v1

Characteristics and Projection of Rainfall Erosivity Distribution in The Hengduan Mountains

Xinlan Liang, Lei Zhang, Shuqin He, Ke Song, Zicheng Zheng

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: Hengduan mountains; rainfall erosivity; distribution; projection

Online: 6 June 2023 (09:51:42 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0390.v1

Regularization Algorithm for Right-Angled Polygon Building Outlines with Jagged Edges

Linghui Kong, Haizhong Qian, Yuqing Wu, Xinyu Niu, Di Wang, Zhekun Huang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: map generalization; jagged edge; building outline; regularization

Online: 6 June 2023 (07:50:56 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0394.v1

Parametric Optimization Analysis of Pinwheel and Savonius Drag-Dominant Tidal Turbines Performance with Moment Balancing Method

Yixiao Zhang, Eddie YK Ng, Mittal Shivansh

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Drag-Dominant Tidal Turbine; Computational Sustainability; Turbomachinery Moment Analysis; Savonius; Pinwheel

Online: 6 June 2023 (07:15:46 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0393.v1

Study of MBBR-MBR Performance by the Addition of Commercial and 3D-Printed Biocarriers

Dimitra C. Banti, Petros Samaras, Eleni Kostopoulou, Vassiliki Tsioni, Themistoklis Sfetsas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: MBBR-MBR; biofilm; 3D-printed biocarriers; Kaldnes K1 biocarriers; 13X-halloysite biocarriers; membrane fouling; SMP; EPS; colloidal particles; wastewater treatment

Online: 6 June 2023 (07:14:22 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0386.v1

Worldwide Survey and Characterization of Ultrafine Particle Exposure Monitoring and Assessment

Fernando Moreira, Ana Ferreira, Nelson Barros

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Ultrafine Particles; Air Quality; Occupational Health; UFP worldwide survey

Online: 6 June 2023 (07:10:05 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0383.v1

The Effects of Using Evogen Biogas Additive on the Microbiome and Performance of Full-Scale Biogas Plant

Themistoklis Sfetsas, Mathaios Panou, Afroditi G. Chioti, Nikoleta Prokopidou, Ioanna Dalla

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: anaerobic digestion; hydrolytic bacteria; biogas additives; evogen biogas additive; supplements

Online: 6 June 2023 (05:32:29 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0368.v1

A Metabolomic Investigation of the Effects of Corrosion Products of Galvanic Anodes on the Metabolome of Magallana gigas (Formerly Crassostrea gigas)

Nathalie Imbert-Auvray, Denis Fichet, Pierre-Edouard Bodet, Pascaline Ory, René Sabot, Philippe Refait, Marianne Graber

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: metabolomics; oysters; corrosion products modelling; sacrificial galvanic anode; zinc; aluminum; biological effects; bioaccumulation.

Online: 6 June 2023 (03:52:23 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0299.v1

Microbial Dynamics in Anaerobic Digestion: A Review of Operational and Environmental Factors Affecting Microbiome Composition and Function

Eleni Kostopoulou, Afroditi G. Chioti, Vassiliki Tsioni, Themistoklis Sfetsas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: anaerobic digestion; microbial structure; microbial interactions; operating parameters; digestion efficiency

Online: 5 June 2023 (10:09:58 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0298.v1

Sustainability Assessments of Peri-Urban Areas: An Evaluation Model for the Territorialization of the Sustainable Development Goals

Pasquale De Toro, Enrico Formato, Nicola Fierro

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: sustainability assessment; Sustainable Development Goals; Agenda 2030; peri-urban fringe; multidimensional indicators; evaluation tools; sustainable development; spatial decision support system

Online: 5 June 2023 (10:08:30 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0284.v1

Automatic River Planform Recognition Tested on Chilean Rivers

Andrea Gianni Cristoforo Nardini, Francisca Salas, Zoila Carrasco, Noelia Valenzuela, Renzo Rojas, José Vargas-Baecheler, Santiago Paul Yepez

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: River Planform; River Reaches; Automatic Identification; Geomorphics Elements and Units; Biobío Basin

Online: 5 June 2023 (09:02:24 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0282.v1

Marine Calcareous Biological Ooze Thermoluminescence and its Application for Paleoclimate Change since Middle Pleistocene

Zhang Ping, Liu Haisheng, Hou Shengli, Wang Nanping, Fang Nianqiao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Oceanography Keywords: Indian Ocean; North Atlantic; Thermoluminescence; calcareous biological ooze; paleoclimate

Online: 5 June 2023 (08:48:36 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0272.v1

Investigating the Potential Adoption of Product-Service Systems in the Luggage Industry To Promote Sustainability

Donald Wilson, Eleni Iacovidou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Product-Service System (PSS); Circular economy; Luggage; sustainable travel; sustainable con-sumption; sustainable production

Online: 5 June 2023 (08:30:48 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0253.v1

Title Time-Series Analysis of Slope Displacements Using UAV Photogrammetry and Its Relationship With Rainfall Intensity

Byonghee Jun, Renato Macciotta, Namgyun Kim

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Slope displacement; UAV; DSM; Rainfall intensity

Online: 5 June 2023 (07:34:48 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0245.v1

Fracture Electromagnetic Radiation Induced by a Seismic Active Zone (in the Vicinity of Eilat City, Southern Israel)

Vladimir Frid, Avinoam Rabinovitch, Dov Bahat, Uri Kushnir

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: fracture-induced electromagnetic radiation (FEMR); FEMR field measurements; micro-fracturing, earthquakes

Online: 5 June 2023 (05:35:03 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0240.v1

Forecasting PM Levels Using Machine Learning Models in the Arctic: A Comparative Study

Paolo Fazzini, Marco Montuori, Antonello Pasini, Alice Cuzzucoli, Ilaria Crotti, Emilio Fortunato Campana, Francesco Petracchini, Srdjan Dobricic

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: deep learning; PM10; environmental forecasting; chaotic time series; Arctic

Online: 5 June 2023 (05:04:24 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0230.v1

Social Sustainability of Raw Rubber Production: A Supply Chain Analysis under Sri Lankan Scenario

Pasan Dunuwila, V.H.L. Rodrigo, Ichiro Daigo, Naohiro Goto

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: social life cycle assessment; crepe rubber; concentrated latex; ribbed smoked sheets; corruption

Online: 5 June 2023 (03:59:09 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0207.v1

Improvement of MBBR Performance by the Addition of 3D-Printed Biocarriers Fabricated with 13X and Bentonite

Dimitra C. Banti, Petros Samaras, Afroditi G. Chioti, Anastasios Mitsopoulos, Michail Tsangas, Antonis Zorpas, Themistoklis Sfetsas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: moving bed biofilm reactor; K1 biocarriers; 3D-printed biocarriers; biofilm; SMP; EPS; activated sludge; wastewater treatment

Online: 2 June 2023 (13:44:32 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0181.v1

Dynamics of Freezing/Thawing Indices and Frozen Ground from 1961 to 2010 on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Xuewei Fang, Anqi Wang, Shihua Lyu, Klaus Fraedrich

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: freezing/thawing indices; permafrost dynamics; Community Land Surface Model; Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:22:33 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0169.v1

Exploring the Factors Affecting Agricultural Carbon Emissions: An Empirical Analysis Using Spatial-Temporal Data

Shiying Sun, Ehsan Elahi, Zainab Khalid, Wei Wang, Xinru Liu, Peng Zhao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Agricultural carbon emissions; Low-level trap; DEA-SBM model; Tobit model; China

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:38:11 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0160.v1

An Improved Doppler-Aided Smoothing Code Algorithm for Bds-2/Bds-3 Un-geo Satellites in Consideration of Satellite Code Bias

Xiao Gao, Zongfang Ma, Luxiao Jia, Lin Pan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: Doppler-aided smoothed code; BDS-2; BDS-3; un-GEO; satellite code bias (SCB); multipath combination

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:51:35 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0133.v1

Ocean Rise Effects on Shallow Groundwater in Coastal Areas: A Case Study in Juelsminde, Denmark

Ronja Forchhammer Mathiasen, Emilie Padkær Haugan, Theis Raaschou Andersen, Henriette Højmark Hansen, Anna Bondo Medhus, Søren Erbs Poulsen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Global sea level rise; Groundwater fluctuations; Machine learning model; Predictability; Loggers

Online: 2 June 2023 (05:44:34 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2213.v1

Farmers’ Perception of Climate Change and Its Impacts: A Case Study of Baba Mountain Valleys, Center of Bamyan Province, Afghanistan

Mustafa Hasani, Rajendra Prasad Shrestha

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: climate change; perception; impacts; temperature; precipitation; agricultural community; Bamyan; Afghanistan

Online: 2 June 2023 (05:05:52 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0119.v1

Quantifying the Potential Contribution of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation to Coastal Carbon Capture in a Delta System from Field and Landsat 8/9-OLI data with Deep Convolutional Neu-ral Network

Bingqing Liu, Tom Sevick, Hoonshin Jung, Erin Kiskaddon, Tim Carruthers

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Submerged aquatic vegetation; Carbon balance model; Landsat 8/9-OLI; Deep learning

Online: 2 June 2023 (03:42:30 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

: Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) are highly efficient at carbon sequestration and, despite their relatively small distribution globally, are recognized as a potentially valuable component of climate change mitigation. However, SAV mapping in tidal marshes presents a challenge due to optically complex constituents in the water. The emergence and advancement of deep learn-ing-based techniques in the field of habitat mapping with remote sensing imagery provides an opportunity to address this challenge. In this study, an analytical framework was developed to quantify the carbon sequestration of SAV habitats in the Atchafalaya River Delta Estuary from field and remote sensing observations using deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) tech-niques. A U-Net based model, Wetland-SAV Network, was trained to identify SAV percent cover (high, medium, and low) as well as other estuarine habitat types from Landsat 8/9-OLI data. The areal extent of SAV was up to 8% of the total area (47,000 ha) with a significant loss of SAV habitats observed post-Hurricane Barry (~2,300 ha) in 2019. The habitat areas and habitat-specific carbon fluxes were then used to quantify net greenhouse gas (GHG) flux of the study area for with/without SAV scenarios in a Carbon Balance Model. The total net GHG flux was in the range of -0.13 ± 0.06 to -0.86 ± 0.37 ×105 tonne CO2e yr-1 and increased up to 40% (-0.23 ± 0.10 to -0.90 ± 0.39 ×105 tonne CO2e yr-1 ) when SAV was accounted for within the calculation. At the hectare scale, inclusion of SAV resulted in an increase of ~60% for net GHG sink in shallow areas adjacent to emergent marsh where SAV was abundant. This is the first attempt at remotely mapping SAV in coastal Louisiana as well as a first quantification of net GHG flux at the scale of hectares to thousands of hectares, accounting for SAV within these sub-tropical coastal delta marshes. Remote sensing and deep learning models have high potential for mapping and monitoring of SAV in turbid sub-tropical coastal deltas as a component of increasing accuracy of net GHG flux estimates at small (hectare) and large (coastal basin) scales.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0110.v1

Fractionation of Anaerobic Digestion Liquid Effluents Through Mechanical Treatment and Filtration

Themistoklis Sfetsas, Georgia Sarikaki, Afroditi G. Chioti, Vassilis Tziakas, Polycarpos Falaras, George Em. Romanos

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: anaerobic digestion; liquid digestate; solid fibrous digestate; fractionation; microfiltration; nanofiltration

Online: 1 June 2023 (16:36:29 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0104.v1

Developing a Tool for Calculating the Carbon Footprint in SMEs

Iordanis Eleftheriadis, Evgenia Anagnostopoulou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Circular Economy; Life Cycle Assessment; Carbon Footprint; Information Systems

Online: 1 June 2023 (15:22:06 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0060.v1

On-line Supplement: Presentation Slides A New Model of Learning: Environmental Health in a Global World

William N Rom, Aishwarya Rao, Chris Dickey, Lori Hoepner

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Environmental Health; Education; Climate Change

Online: 1 June 2023 (08:04:49 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0049.v1

Usage and Microbial Safety of Shared and Unshared Excreta Disposal Facilities in Developing Countries: The case of a Ghanaian Rural District

Peter Appiah Obeng, Eric Awere, Panin Asirifua Obeng, Michael Oteng-Peprah, Albert Kaabieredomo Mwinsuubo, Alessandra Bonoli, Sharon Amanda Quaye

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: shared sanitation; microbial safety; toilet sharing; toilet usage; Ghana; SDG 6.2; excreta disposal facilities

Online: 1 June 2023 (07:29:21 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0029.v1

Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Habitat Quality Analysis in the Temperate Desert Sub-region of Ordos Plateau, China

Min Pei, Jingjie Wang, Xiaohuang Liu, Jiufeng Liu, Xiaofeng Zhao, Hongyu Li, Ran Wang, Xinping Luo, Liyuan Xing, Chao Wang, Honghui Zhao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: PLUS model; InVEST model; Land use; Habitat quality; Temperate desert subzone of Ordos Plateau

Online: 1 June 2023 (05:33:45 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0499.v3

Stratigraphic and Paleoecological Significance of the Early/Middle Pleistocene Vertebrate Fauna of the Süttő 21 Site

Piroska Pazonyi, Zoltán Szentesi, Lukács Mészáros, János Hír, Mihály Gasparik

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Paleontology Keywords: vertebrate fauna; paleoecology; stratigraphy; early and middle Pleistocene

Online: 1 June 2023 (05:08:18 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0030.v1

Anaerobic Digestion Remediation in Three Full-Scale Biogas Plants Through Supplements Addition

Eleni Anna Economou, Georgia Dimitropoulou, Nikoleta Prokopidou, Ioanna Dalla, Themistoklis Sfetsas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: additives; anaerobic digestion; digestate; trace elements; zeolites

Online: 1 June 2023 (04:50:42 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0021.v1

Quantitative Characterization of Coastal Cliff Retreat and Landslide Processes at Portonovo-Trave Cliffs (Conero, Ancona, Italy) Using Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data

Nicola Fullin, Enrico Duo, Stefano Fabbri, Mirko Francioni, Monica Ghirotti, Paolo Ciavola

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Rocky coast; Cliff erosion; UAV; Conero

Online: 1 June 2023 (04:00:49 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0018.v1

New Products from Wood Fibre and Their Potential Role in Carbon Sequestration

Michael Jarvis

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: carbon footprint; embodied carbon; biomass; composite materials; material substitution

Online: 1 June 2023 (03:43:38 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0007.v1

Spatial-Temporal Influence of Sand Dams on Chemical and Microbial Properties of Water From Scooping Holes in Degraded Semi-Arid Regions

Harrison Churu, Solomon Kamau, Wilson Ngetich, Keziah Magiroi, Bonface Alkamoi, Syphyline Kebeney, Fred Wamalwa, James Mumo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Faecal coliforms; Scooping holes, Water quality

Online: 1 June 2023 (03:05:38 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2263.v1

Machine Learning Method for Assessing Fire Risk in Wildland-Rural and Urban Interface Regions: The Example of Istanbul’s European Side

Ercüment Aksoy, Abdulkadir Kocer, İsmail Yilmaz, Arif Nihat Akcal, Kudret Akpinar

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: fire risk; wildland-urban interface; rural-urban interface; machine learning classification; GIS

Online: 31 May 2023 (14:29:50 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2240.v1

Classification of Seafloor Sediment in Northern Slope of South China Sea based on Improved U-Net and K-Means Clustering Analysis

Qingjie Zhou, Xishuang Li, Lejun Liu, Jingqiang Wang, Linqing Zhang, Baohua Liu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: improved U-Net; seabed sediment classification; sub-bottom profiling; multibeam bathymetry; Northern Slope of the South China Sea

Online: 31 May 2023 (11:52:27 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2235.v1

New Insights into the Enhancement Effect of Exogenous Calcium on Biochar Stability during Its Aging in Farmland Soil

Hongyan Nan, Yunqiu Jiang, Weiqi Zhou, Ling Zhao, Fan Yang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: Biochar aging; Ca-rich biochar; Carbon stability; Farmland soil; Carbon sequestration

Online: 31 May 2023 (11:18:37 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2203.v1

Disinfection of Digestate Effluents Using Photocatalytic Nano-Filtration

Afroditi G. Chioti, Georgia Sarikaki, Vasiliki Tsioni, Eleni Kostopoulou, George Em. Romanos, Polycarpos Falaras, Themistoklis Sfetsas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: disinfection; indicator pathogens; TiO2 photocatalysis; photocatalytic nanofiltration reactor; membrane filtration; anaerobic digestion; liquid digestate

Online: 31 May 2023 (08:36:30 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1833.v2

An Estimation of Daily PM2.5 Concentration in Thailand Using Satellite Data at 1-kilometer Resolution

Suhaimee Buya, Sasiporn Usanavasin, Gokon Hideomi, Jessada Karnjana

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: PM2.5 estimation; Satellite data; Aerosol optical depth; Machine learning; Random Forest; Thailand

Online: 31 May 2023 (08:31:16 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2201.v1

Climatology of Planetary Boundary Layer Height Over Jiangsu, China, Based on ERA5 Reanalysis Data

Xiang Li, Yiwen Dong, Yunfei Zhang, Zhen Shi, Jiawei Yao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: ERA5; PBLH; Jiangsu; climatology; meteorological variables; trend

Online: 31 May 2023 (08:31:11 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2190.v1

Advanced Electrochemical Degradation of Organic Pollutants From Water Using Sb-Doped SnO2/Ti Anode and Assisted by Granular Activated Carbon

Anamaria Baciu, Corina Orha, Radu Nicolae, Mircea Nicolaescu, Sorina Ilies, Florica Manea

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: advanced water treatment; electrochemical filtering; doxorubicin; mesoporous Sb-doped SnO2 electrode; activated carbon; particulate electrode

Online: 31 May 2023 (07:52:28 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2166.v1

Research on Formation Pressure Prediction Method for Ultra-Deep Tight Sandstone Based on Collocated Cokriging

Wei Qiang, Lin Yaoting, Gao Gang, Gui Zhixian, Wu Zhendong, Liu Jiaqi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Variation function; Cokriging method; Collocated cokriging; Eaton method; Formation pressure prediction

Online: 31 May 2023 (03:46:00 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2158.v1

Carbon-Intensity and Carbon-Efficiency of Charcoal Production, by Pathway

Eric P Johnson

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Carbon intensity; carbon footprint; charcoal; carbon efficiency; grilling

Online: 30 May 2023 (14:01:22 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2157.v1

Tipping Bucket Rain Gauges in Hydrological Research: Summary on Measurement Uncertainties, Calibration and Error Reduction Strategies

Daniel A. Segovia-Cardozo, Carlota Bernal-Basurco, Leonor Rodríguez-Sinobas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Precipitation monitoring; rainfall measurement biases; rain gauge; measurement error; hydrological forecast

Online: 30 May 2023 (13:58:36 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2126.v1

Vector Angular Continuity in the Fusion of Coseismic Deformations at Multiple Optical Correlation Scales

Rui Guo, Qiming Zeng, Shangzong Lu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: deformation angle continuity; coseismic deformation; optical remote sensing; Maduo earthquake

Online: 30 May 2023 (11:26:32 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2125.v1

Performance of Water Indices for Water Resources Monitoring Using Large-Scale Sentinel-2 Data

Mathias Tesfaye, Lutz Breuer

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Sentinel-2; remote sensing; Google Earth Engine; large-scale; water resource

Online: 30 May 2023 (11:24:44 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2114.v1

Characteristics of Convective Parameters Derived from Rawinsonde and ERA5 Data Associated with Hailstorms in North-eastern Romania

Vasilica Istrate, Dorin Podiuc, Dragoș Andrei Sîrbu, Eduard Popescu, Emil Sîrbu, Doru Dorian Popescu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: hailstorm; convective environment; statistical correlation; hail forecasting

Online: 30 May 2023 (10:36:08 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2103.v1

Sustainable Mining in Cameroon

Lucien Antoine Zang, Pablo Higueras

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Cameroon; mining; Small Scale mining; Sustainable development; Betare Oya

Online: 30 May 2023 (10:00:47 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2099.v1

Seasonal Urban Heat Island Observation from Remote Sensing by Using Google Earth Engine Over New Capital (IKN) East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Laras Tursilowati, Rachmat Sunarya, Muzirwan Muzirwan, Indah Susanti, Soni Aulia Rahayu, Tatik Kartika, Mamat Suhermat, Jamrud Aminuddin, Nursida Arif

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN); urban heat island (UHI); land surface temperature (LST); seasonal; Terra-MODIS; Google Earth Engine (GEE); buffer cities

Online: 30 May 2023 (09:39:42 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0191.v2

A Triangular Grid Filter Method Based on the Slope Filter

Chuanli Kang, Zitao Lin, Siyi Wu, Yiling Lan, Chongming Geng, Sai Zhang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Slope Filter; point cloud; triangular grid; KD-Tree-Based Euclidean Clustering

Online: 30 May 2023 (05:44:25 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

High-precision ground point cloud data has a wide range of applications in various fields, and the separation of ground points from non-ground points is a crucial preprocessing step. Therefore, designing an efficient, accurate, and stable ground extraction algorithm is of great significance for improving the processing efficiency and analysis accuracy of point cloud data. The study area in this article was a Park in Guilin, Guangxi, China. The point cloud was obtained by utilizing the UAV platform. In order to improve the stability and accuracy of the Filter algorithm, this article proposed a triangular grid filter based on Slope Filter, found violation points by the spatial position relationship within each point in the triangulation network, improved KD-Tree-Based Euclidean Clustering, and applied it to the non-ground points extraction, this method has good accuracy, stability and achieves good results in separating ground points from non-ground points. At first, using Slope Filter to remove some non-ground points, to reduce the error of taking ground points as non-ground points; Secondly, established a triangular grid based on the triangular relationship between each point, the violation-triangle can determin through the grid, and then the corresponding violation points were found in the violation-triangle; Thirdly, according to the three-point collinear method to extract the regular points, used these points to extract the regular landmarks by KD-Tree-Based Euclidean Clustering and Convex Hull Algorithm; Finally, removed disperse points and irregular landmarks by Clustering Algorithm. In order to confirm the superiority of this algorithm, this article compared the filter effects of various algorithms on the study area and filtered the 15 sample data provided by ISPRS, and obtained an average error of 3. 46%. The results showed that the algorithm in this article have a high processing efficiency and accuracy, which can greatly improve the processing efficiency of point cloud data in practical applications.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2055.v1

Superconducting Gravimeters: A Novel Tool for Validating Remote Sensing Evapotranspiration Products

Jonatan Pendiuk, María Florencia Degano, Luis Guarracino, Raúl Eduardo Rivas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: remote sensing; ground-truth data; validation; superconducting gravimeters; evapotranspiration

Online: 30 May 2023 (05:31:13 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2046.v1

Potential for Land Application of Biosolids-Derived Biochar in Australia: A Review

Payel Sinha, Serhiy Marchuk, Peter Harris, Diogenes L. Antille, Bernadette K. McCabe

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: heavy metals; microplastics; organic pollutants; pyrolysis and gasification; sewage sludge; soil amendment; thermal treatments

Online: 30 May 2023 (04:55:10 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2036.v1

Multi-Generation Effects of Lead (Pb) on Two Daphnia Species: Looking at Different Levels of Biological Organization

Giuliana Seraphim de Araujo, Abel Luís Gonçalves Ferreira, Amadeu Mortágua Velho da Maia Soares, Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa, Susana Loureiro

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: Multi-generation; Net Reproductive Rate (R0); Hatching delay; lifespan; acetylcholinesterase

Online: 30 May 2023 (04:20:02 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2035.v1

A Strange Spoilage in Goose Sausages and Levilactobacillus Brevis, Mould and Enterococci Are the Responsible

Michela Pellegrini, Federica Barbieri, Chiara Montanari, Lucilla Iacumin, Cristian Bernardi, Fausto Gardini, Giuseppe Comi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: Levilactobacillus brevis; mould; enterococci; spoilage; goose sausage

Online: 30 May 2023 (04:08:51 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0499.v2

Stratigraphic and Paleoecological Significance of the Early/Middle Pleistocene Vertebrate Fauna of the Süttő 21 Site

Piroska Pazonyi, Zoltán Szentesi, Lukács Mészáros, János Hír, Mihály Gasparik

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Paleontology Keywords: vertebrate fauna; paleoecology; stratigraphy; early and middle Pleistocene

Online: 29 May 2023 (08:10:16 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1987.v1

A Comparative Analysis Between Radar and Human Observations of the Giant Hail Event of 30 August 2022 in Catalonia

Tomeu Rigo, Carme Farnell

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Giant hail; Field work; hailstorm; damages; Weather Radar

Online: 29 May 2023 (07:04:30 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1982.v1

Evaluating the Impact of Engineering Works in Tidal Flats Using Time-Series Satellite Images – Case of the Mont-Saint-Michel Bay, France

Jean-Paul Deroin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: sedimentation; erosion; Sentinel 2; EOS-Aster

Online: 29 May 2023 (05:44:18 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

The Mont-Saint-Michel is known worldwide for its unique combination of the natural site and the Medieval abbey at the top of the rocky islet. But the Mont is also located within an estuarine complex, which is considerably silting up. For two decades, large-scale works were planned to prevent the Mont from being surrounded by the expanding salt meadows. The construction of a new dam over the Couesnon River, the digging of two new channels, and the destruction of the causeway were the main operations carried out between 2007 and 2015. The remote sensing approach is fully suitable for evaluating the real impact of the engineering project in both time and space, particularly the expected large-scale hydrosedimentary effects, for reestablishing the maritime landscape around the Mont. Sentinel-2 satellite data have been used for the period from 2015 to 2023. Aster data were used for the previous period covering 2000 to 2017. Aerial photographs and an ALOS scene have been also used. The remote sensing approach is based on time-series images. It allows identifying local or regional consequences and temporary or permanent effects. The migration of the different channels (especially for the new west and east Couesnon river courses) and the erosion-progradation balance of the vegetation through space and time are the main features to study. Between 2007 and 2023, the erosion of the salt meadows is significant to the south-west of the Mont (− 150 ha) but more limited to the south-east (− 65 ha). The erosion effect is limited to the immediate environment because the vegetation fringe of the uppermost tidal flat along the main dike is slightly increasing (+ 35 ha) to the west and to the east (+ 40 ha). During the same period, the sedimentation considerably increased to the north-east of the Bay, between the Bec d’Andaine, the Grouin du Sud and Tombelaine islet, which seems now facing the same silting-up problem. At this stage, the remote-sensing survey indicates mixed results for the engineering project.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1950.v1

Climate Change Potential Impacts on the Tuna Fisheries in the EEZ of Tonga

Siosaia Vaihola, Stuart Kininmonth

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: species distribution modeling; tuna species; climate change scenarios; potential suitability habitat; predictor variables; ensemble models

Online: 29 May 2023 (03:02:46 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1945.v1

Groundwater Level Trend Analysis and Prediction in the Upper Crocodile (West) Basin, South Africa

Tsholofelo Mmankwane Tladi, Julius Musyoka Ndambuki, Thomas Otieno Olwal, Sophia Sudi Rwanga

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Rainfall; Groundwater; Mann-Kendall; Upper Crocodile; Characterisation; Cross-correlation; Autocorrelation; lag time; Gradient Boosting; Machine Learning

Online: 29 May 2023 (02:19:56 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1940.v1

Changes of Water and Sediment Processes in the Yellow River and their Responses to Ecological Protection during the Last Six Decades

Suiji Wang, Xumin Wang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geography Keywords: runoff and sediment load; hydrologic regime; change trend; influence factors; Yellow River

Online: 26 May 2023 (14:34:27 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

The variation of river hydrologic process can not only reflect the impact of natural factors, but also the impact of human activities. The purpose of this study is to reveal the change trend of the hydrologic regime of the Yellow River and its response to ecological protection in the river basin. Based on the daily water and sediment observation data of representative gauging stations in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, it was analyzed the variation trend of the annual and monthly runoff and suspended sediment load (SSL), and monthly mean runoff, suspended sediment transport rate (SSTR), sediment inflow coefficient, and hydrological regime in decadal average of the gauging stations during the period 1960-2019. The results show that the variation of annual runoff and SSL, as well as the monthly mean runoff and SSTR in decadal average, has a significant decreasing trend in the 1960’s-1990’s, which was mainly in response to the gradual implementation of ecological protection measures such as afforestation, grass planting, terrace construction, and check dam construction, etc. in the basin. In 2000’s and 2010’s, the annual runoff increased, while the SSL increased slightly. This was a response to the implementation of new river management measures such as ensuring the ecological water demand of the lower reaches and scouring the riverbed by manually regulated clear water discharged from the Xiaolangdi Reservoir. In the same time, the monthly mean runoff and SSTR for the flood season (Jun.-Oct.) decreased remarkably, while the process curve of the monthly mean discharge and sediment concentration, changed from a clockwise loop to a counterclockwise loop in the river reach below the Xiaolangdi dam. This was a comprehensive response to the environmental protection measures in the Yellow River basin, in which the construction and operation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir played a key role. This study can provide reference for river basin management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1928.v1

Deforestation and Its Effect on Surface Albedo and Weather Patterns in the Municipality of Tapalpa, Jalisco, México

Dalia Lizeth Santos Orozco, José Ariel Ruiz Corral, Raymundo Federico Villavicencio García, Victor Manuel Rodriguez Moreno

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Deforestation; Land-use change; Surface albedo; Diurnal thermal range; Temperate region; México.

Online: 26 May 2023 (11:04:10 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Deforestation is an important environmental problem in México and a key promoter of regional climate change through modifying the surface albedo. The objective of this research was to characterize the impact of deforestation and land use changes on surface albedo (α) and climate patterns in the Municipality of Tapalpa, Jalisco, México between the years 2014 and 2021. The main land cover types are coniferous forests (CF), oak and gallery woodlands (OGW), and annual agriculture (AA); which represent more than 88% of the regional territory (1066.03 km2). We used 2014 and 2021 Landsat 8 OLI images with topographic and atmospheric correction, in order to develop an inventory of albedo values for each land cover type in both time scenarios. Albedo images were generated by using the equation proposed by Liang in 2001, which is based on the reflectance of the bands 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7. Differences in albedo values were calculated between the years 2014 and 2021, and those differences were correlated with variations in climate parameters, for which we used climate data derived from the WRF model. In addition, the different land use changes found were classified in terms of triggers for increasing or decreasing surface albedo. Results showed that between 2014 and 2021, at least 38 events of land use change or deforestation occurred, with albedo increments between 1 and 11%, which triggered an average increment of 0.57% of the regional surface albedo in comparison to 2014 scenario. From 2014 to 2021, the albedo for CF, OGW, and AA, increased significantly (p<0.001; Mann-Whitney U Test) by 79, 12, and 9%, respectively. In addition, the regional albedo increment was found to be significant and negatively correlated (p<0.01 Spearman’s coefficient) with relative humidity (RH), maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), and diurnal thermal range (DTR). The decrease in the regional values of relative humidity in 2021, occurred even when in that year the annual precipitation levels were higher than those of 2014, hence, reinforcing the fact of a possible climatic effect of the regional albedo changes. Conversion of CF and OGW into AA, perennial agriculture (PA), or grassland (GR) always yielded an albedo increment, whilst the conversion of AA to irrigation agriculture or PA triggered a decrease in albedo, and finally, the pass from GR or AA to protected agriculture caused albedo increase or decrease, depending on the greenhouse covers materials. Reducing deforestation of CF and OGW, conversion of AA or GR into PA, and selecting adequate greenhouse covers could help to mitigate regional climate change.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1926.v1

Purpureocillium lilacinum for Biocontrol, Bioremediation and Biofertilization

Carlos Henrique Barbosa Santos, Luana Alves De Andrade, Edvan Teciano Frezarin, Luziane Ramos Sales, Everlon Cid Cid Rigobelo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Sustainability; plant production; fungus; crop production

Online: 26 May 2023 (10:56:35 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1918.v1

Characteristics and Evolution of Structural and Functional Connectivity in a Large Catchment (Poyang Lake) during the Past 30 Years

Bingru Zeng, Yunliang Li, Jing Yao, Zhiqiang Tan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Structural connectivity; Functional connectivity; Poyang Lake catchment; Runoff and sediment; Remote sensing and hydrology

Online: 26 May 2023 (10:34:15 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1907.v1

Intensive Agriculture and its Effect on Soil Quality Analyzed by Quality Indexes: A Systematic Review and Global Meta-Analysis

Héctor Iván Bedolla-Rivera, María de la Luz Xochilt Negrete-Rodríguez, Francisco Paúl Gámez-Vázquez, Dioselina Álvarez-Bernal, ELOY CONDE BARAJAS

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: agricultural soil; food production ecosystems; soil quality indexes; physicochemical indicators; biological indicators

Online: 26 May 2023 (09:55:57 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1902.v1

Effects of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soil Carbon Leaching in Cotton Field in Arid Area

Baoyue Zhang, Zhijian Gao, Jinhu Zhi, Xinlu Bai, Lili Yang, Wenhao Xia

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: Soluble carbon; leaching loss; Water and fertilizer input; Soil carbon migration

Online: 26 May 2023 (09:41:15 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1893.v1

Geochemistry and Geochronology (U-Pb and Lu-Hf) of the Soarinho Alkaline Massif (Brazil): Implications on mantle versus crustal signature of syenitic magma

Daniel Adelino Da Silva, Guilherme Loriato Potratz, Mauro Cesar Geraldes

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geochemistry And Petrology Keywords: syenitic magma sourece; alkali feldpsar syenite; quartz syenite; U-Pb dating; Lu-Hf isotopes

Online: 26 May 2023 (08:34:42 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1892.v1

Urban Ecosystem Services and Determinants of Stakeholder’s Perception for Sustainable Cities Planning: Case of Cotonou City in Benin

Jonas Assouhan ATCHADE, Madjouma KANDA, Fousseni FOLEGA, Dourma Marra, Kperkouma Wala, Koffi AKPAGANA

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: Urban Ecosystem Services; perceptions; Socio-ecological analysis; urban adaptation planning; sustainable cities; Cotonou.

Online: 26 May 2023 (08:30:31 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1891.v1

Evaluation of a Ground Subsidence Zone in an Urban Area Using Geophysical Methods

Lara De Giorgi, Dora Francesca Barbolla, Chiara Torre, Stefano Settembrini, Giovanni Leucci

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: GPR; ERT; urban area; ground subsidence risk; limestone cavity

Online: 26 May 2023 (08:19:35 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1886.v1

Assessment of Urban Vulnerability to Climate Hazards of Selected Indian Cities

Rohit Magotra, Ajit Tyagi, Yashi Sharma

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: India; Urban; Climate Vulnerability; Disaster resilience; Climate hazards; Vulnerability Assess-ment framework

Online: 26 May 2023 (07:59:12 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1871.v1

Assessing the Development and Intensity of the Urban Heat Island through Weather Types in the Attica Region, Greece

Ilias Petrou, Nikolaos Kyriazis, Pavlos Kassomenos

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: urban climate; Copernicus dataset; urban heat island; weather types; urban overheating; synoptic classification

Online: 26 May 2023 (07:06:17 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1848.v1

Recent Advances in Copper-Based Materials for Environmental Remediation

Sumalatha Bonthula, Srinivasas Rao Bonthula, Ramyakrishna Pothu, Rajesh K. Srivastava, Rajender Boddula, Ahmed Bahgat Radwan, Noora Al-Qahtani

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Copper; Nanomaterials; Organic pollutants; Sensors; Antimicrobial; Photocatalysts; Environmnetal remediation.

Online: 26 May 2023 (04:31:47 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1847.v1

Study on Emission Control of Berthing Vessels-Based on Non-cooperative Game Theory

Qin Wang, Minhang Jiang, Shiyao Man, Jiajie Zhou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: ship emissions; air pollution; ship emission control policies; emission reduction; non-cooperative game; green shipping; low sulfur fuel

Online: 26 May 2023 (04:29:39 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1833.v1

An Estimation of Daily PM2.5 Concentration in Thailand Using Satellite Data at 1-kilometer Resolution

Suhaimee Buya, Sasiporn Usanavasin, Gokon Hideomi, Jessada Karnjana

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: PM2.5 estimation; Satellite data; Aerosol optical depth; Machine learning; Random Forest; Thailand

Online: 26 May 2023 (03:51:14 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1828.v1

First Assessment of the Observed Meteorological Data in the Lousã/Seia Region in the Framework of the FireStorm Project

João Rio, Manuel Lopes, Pedro Silva, Ilda Novo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Firestorm project; fire-atmosphere interaction; surface weather stations; nighttime vertical varia-bility

Online: 26 May 2023 (03:38:30 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1826.v1

A General Rule-Based Framework for Generating Alternatives for Forest Ecosystem Management Decision Support Systems

Silvana Ribeiro Nobre, Marc Eric McDill, Luiz Carlos Rodriguez, Luis Diaz-Balteiro

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Forest Ecosystem Management Decision Support System; Rule-Based System; Forest Planning; Harvest Scheduling; Forest optimization

Online: 26 May 2023 (03:23:19 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1825.v1

Wave Climate Variability along the Coastlines of Senegal over the Last 4 Decades

Marcellin SEUJIP SAMOU, Xavier BERTIN, Issa SAKHO, Alban LAZAR, Mamadou SADIO, Mouhamadou BACHIR DIOUF

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Oceanography Keywords: Wave climate; WaveWatch III; Wave Climatology; Wave Trends; Remote climatic modes; in-situ data; Atlantic Ocean; Senegalese coast; Senegal

Online: 26 May 2023 (03:19:45 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1781.v1

Research on Restorative Environment Characteristics through Urban Forest User Experience Focusing on Big Data of Dobongsan Mountain in Seoul, Korea

Jinhae Chae, Jaemin Park, Seonghak Kim

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: behavior; emotion; forest management; Gephi; landscape; perception; restorative space; TEXTOM

Online: 25 May 2023 (09:32:03 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1765.v1

Citizen Science and the University of Queensland Seis-Mo-Graph Stations (UQSS) – A Study of Seismic T Waves in S-W Pacific Ocean

Colin John Lynam, Steve Hearn, Asanka Karunaratne

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: citizen science; seismology; earth observation; climate change; education for sustainable devel-opment; disaster preparedness; disaster alerts

Online: 25 May 2023 (08:24:14 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Abstract: This paper summarises an early and successful piece of citizen science, performed within The University of Queensland Seismograph Stations (UQSS) observatory, in cooperation with colleagues at CSIRO. It was designed to en-courage young STEM students from Brisbane high schools to engage in “real” re-search, back in 1995. Having completed the project report, their (analog) results sat in a cupboard until the report was dusted off and the project was re-analysed in 2022 by an honors student, considering timely climate change applications for the study. This is a time when science is changing considerably from analog to digital medium and operational methods. The original project was called Earthquake generated T phases on BRS Seismograph (Brisbane, Q’ld)- a predictor for Tasman Sea Tsunamis? [1] Fortunately, seismology is a very collaborative field. The research question has since changed. There is a lot of data analysis involved in the science of recording earthquake signals, with auxiliary definitive catalogues, observers logbooks, housing of the recordings themselves (analog and digital) and the software mediums that change over time. In other words, a lot of headaches can be encountered in longitudinal data collection study such as this. The citizen science students used a pre-prepared decadal collection (1980-90) derived from the BRS observatory data catalogue. BRS is part of the global World-Wide Seismograph Station Network (WWSSN). Currently in Australia, university earth science observatories have diminished, and in their place, public seismic networks (PSN) have evolved, either in back-yard sheds or school science labs. The level of expertise required fits the role of advancing citizen science for a real science advantage. This is a topical citizen disaster preparedness action area for today’s climate emergency, which is threatening the globe and all lifeforms. Citizen engagement or mobilisation is an essential preparedness strategy. Keywords: citizen science 1; seismology 2; earth observation 3; climate change 4; education for sustainable development 5; disaster preparedness 6; disaster alerts 7

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1763.v1

Energy Audit as an Instrument to Tackle Internal Barriers to Energy Efficiency: Lessons from Moroccan Industrial Firms

Mehdi Bensouda

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Energy Efficiency; Energy Audit; Internal barriers; Competing interests; Lack of information; Low technical competence

Online: 25 May 2023 (08:06:12 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1760.v1

Using the 3-30-300 Rule to Assess Urban Forest Access and Preferences in Florida (United States)

Andrew Koeser, Richard Hauer, Michael Andreu, Robert Northrop, Mysha Clarke, John Diaz, Deborah Hilbert, Cecil Konijnendijk, Shawn Landry, Grant Thompson, Rebecca Zarger

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: ecosystem disservices; ecosystem services; environmental equity; landcover; urban forest governance

Online: 25 May 2023 (08:00:48 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1754.v1

Physico-Chemical Properties and Phosphorus Adsorption Capacity of Ceramsite Made From Alum Sludge

Li Shi, Xiaohong Zhao, Yongxiang Cao, Hongjuan Ma, Xuejun Sun

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Alum sludge; Ceramsite; Physicochemical property; Phosphorus adsorption

Online: 25 May 2023 (07:35:31 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1745.v1

A Survey on Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases in Taiwan: Emission Trends, Regulatory Strategies, and Abatement Technologies

Wen Tien Tsai, Chi Hung Tsai

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: fluorinated greenhouse gas; emission trend analysis; regulatory policy; abatement technology

Online: 25 May 2023 (05:45:34 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1739.v1

Spatiotemporal Variability in Soil Properties and Composition in Mangrove Forests in Baía de Todos os Santos (NE Brazil)

Mônica Arlinda Vasconcelos Ramos, Augusto Pérez-Alberti, Gabriel Nuto Nóbrega, Xosé Luis Otero

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Soil Science Keywords: Soil geochemistry pyrites; iron partitioning

Online: 25 May 2023 (05:24:51 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1732.v1

Study on Surface Settlement of Subway Tunnel Engineering Site overlying Soft Soil Layer under the Action of Earthquake

Qiongyi Wang, Liang Zou, Yungang Niu, Fenghai Ma, Shasha Lu, Zhideyi Fu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: overlying soft soil layer; subway tunnel; seismic wave; ground settlement; sensitivity

Online: 25 May 2023 (04:05:53 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

In order to study the surface settlement law of subway tunnel engineering site overlying soft soil layer under the action of earthquake, ABAQUS finite element analysis software was used to study the surface settlement law of subway tunnel construction site overlying soft soil layer under the action of three different seismic waves, including El-Centro wave, Kobe wave, and artificial seismic wave with exceedance probability of 10%, based on the Dalian Metro Line 5 with overlying soft soil layer as the engineering background, and the law was analyzed theoretically. Then, the surface settlement law of tunnel top was studied based on El-Centro wave and soft soil parameters, and the sensitivity analysis of soft soil parameters on surface settlement of tunnel top was carried out by orthogonal test method. The results show that under earthquake action, the settlement of the strata within a certain range of the tunnel roof is significantly greater than that of the surrounding strata, forming a settlement trough with a width of about 8 to 20 meters. The width of the settlement trough under the El-Centro wave is the largest, about 19.6 meters, surpassing the artificially synthesized seismic waves with a probability of 10%, which is about 15.6 meters, while the width of the settlement trough under the Kobe wave is the smallest, about 8.5 meters. The ground surface within a range of about 20 meters above the tunnel roof is most strongly affected by the seismic waves and the special lithology of the overlying soft soil layer, and the settlement is the largest. The settlement law of the settlement trough in the overlying strata of the tunnel conforms to the Peck formula. Increasing the elastic modulus of the silty soil can reduce the settlement of the ground surface above the tunnel roof, increasing the Poisson's ratio of the silty soil will increase the settlement of the ground surface above the tunnel roof, increasing the cohesive force of the silty soil to 20 kPa will basically stabilize the settlement of the ground surface above the tunnel roof, and increasing the internal friction angle of the silty soil will basically not change the settlement of the ground surface above the tunnel roof. The sensitivity of the soft soil parameters to the settlement of the ground surface above the tunnel roof is in the order of Poisson's ratio, elastic modulus, cohesive force, and internal friction angle.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1728.v1

Microstructures in Shocked Quartz: Linking Nuclear Airbursts and Meteorite Impacts

Robert E. Hermes, Hans-Rudolf Wenk, James P. Kennett, Ted E. Bunch, Christopher R. Moore, Malcolm A. LeCompte, Gunther Kletetschka, A. Victor Adedeji, Kurt Langworthy, Joshua J. Razink, Valerie Brogden, Brian Van Devener, Jesus Paulo Perez, Randy Polson, Matt Nowell, Allen West

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Space And Planetary Science Keywords: nuclear/atomic detonations; impact craters; shocked quartz; shock fractures; planar deformation features; planar fractures; tectonic deformation lamellae; electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD); transmission electron microscopy (TEM); cathodoluminescence (CL)

Online: 25 May 2023 (03:47:36 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Environmental and Earth Sciences