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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1936.v1

Properties and Photocuring Behavior of Ceramic Polymer Composite Slurries with Varying Concentration of Silane Coupling Agent

Kook-Hyun Ryu, Ung-Soo Kim, Jin-Ho Kim, Jung-Hoon Choi, Kyu-Sung Han

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Silane coupling agent; Al2O3 slurry; Rheology; Photocuring; Internal structure analysis

Online: 25 September 2024 (04:23:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1945.v1

Perirenal Fat CT Radiomics-Based Survival Model for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Integrating Texture Features with Clinical Predictors

Abdulrahman Nasser M Al Mopti, Abdulsalam Mohammed Alqahtani, Ali H D Alshehri, Chunhui Li, Ghulam Nabi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Upper tract urothelial carcinoma; Perirenal fat radiomics; Prognostic modelling; CT imaging; Machine learning; texture analysis; survival; prognosis

Online: 25 September 2024 (04:21:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1947.v1

Framework for Integrating Large Language Models with a Ro-botic Health Attendant for Adaptive Task Execution in Patient Care

Kyungki Kim, John Windle, Melissa Christian, Tom Windle, Erica Ryherd, Pei-Chi Huang, Anthony Robinson, Reid Chapman

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Robotics Keywords: medical service robot; Large Language Model (LLM); Robotic Health Attendant; healthcare robot; ChatGPT

Online: 25 September 2024 (04:19:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1929.v1

Vitamin D’s Essential Role from Natural Sources in Preventing Rhinosinusitis, Nasopharyngitis, and Otitis Media: Ensuring Optimal Care in Patients with Behavioral Disorders

Felicia Manole, Alexia Manole, Timea Claudia Ghitea

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: behavior disorders; nasopharyngitis; otitis media; rhinosinusitis; vitamin D

Online: 25 September 2024 (04:18:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1928.v1

Exploring the Potential of Agriculture Diversification as a Pathway to Improved Smallholder Livelihood Dietary System in Nepal

Bikram Nepali, Craig Johns, Tamara Jackson

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Agriculture diversification; Dietary Diversity; Smallholder farmers; cropping seasonal variation; Nepal

Online: 25 September 2024 (04:15:00 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1926.v1

How Agroecological Transition Frameworks Are Reshaping Agroecology: A Review

Ana Filipa Fonseca, Fabíola Polita, Lívia Madureira

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: agroecology; transition; agroecological transition; transition theory; bibliometric review

Online: 25 September 2024 (04:12:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1924.v1

On the Protocols of New Historicism and Epochal Thought: A proposition

Isaac Penzance

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Philosophy Keywords: Epochs; Marx; Engels; Socialism; Politics; Idealisation; political action; Historicism; History; Philosophy

Online: 25 September 2024 (04:10:41 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1932.v1

Optical Rectennas -A Review

Yuvam Bhateja

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: Levelized Cost of Energy; Rectenna; Shockley-Quiesser limit; Metal-Double-Insulator-Metal diodes; CNT-Insulator-Metal diodes; Point-contact-Metal-Insulator-Metal diodes

Online: 25 September 2024 (04:00:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1938.v1

Reducing Genotype-Environment Interaction Effects in a Genetic Improvement for Liptopenaeus vannamei

Tran Thi Mai Huong, Nguyen Huu Hung, Dinh Cong Tru, Vu Dinh Ty, Nguyen Hong Nguyen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Breeding program; genetic parameters; selection response; genotype and environment

Online: 25 September 2024 (02:59:53 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1933.v1

Linguistic Cultures in Tandem to International Business Expansion

Eugene Seo

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Economics; business; culture; linguistics

Online: 25 September 2024 (02:59:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1949.v1

Digital Methodology for Determining the Main Physical Parameters of Apple Fruits

Jakhfer Alikhanov, Aidar Moldazhanov, Akmaral Kulmakhambetova, Dimitriy Zinchenko, Alisher Nurtuleuov, Zhandos Shynybay, Tsvetelina Georgieva, Plamen Daskalov

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: apple; fruit; variety; apple physical parameters; methodology; digital method

Online: 24 September 2024 (17:01:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1920.v1

Sustainability Consciousness and Awareness of Sustainable Development Goals among Future Engineers

Salma Shaik, Varun A

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Engineering education; sustainable development; sustainability consciousness questionnaire; sustainable development goals; mechanical engineering; sustainability knowledge; attitude and behavior

Online: 24 September 2024 (17:00:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1948.v1

CAD Design and Modeling of a Robotic Arm for Automated Harvesting

Maxwell Salazar, Paola Portero

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Robotic arm; Motion simulation; CAD design

Online: 24 September 2024 (16:59:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1925.v1

Evaluation Metrics for Machine Unlearning

Cassandra Lindstrom

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: machine unlearning; privacy; finance; graph neural network

Online: 24 September 2024 (16:58:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1941.v1

Wound Healing Efficacy of Cellulose Hydrogel on ICR Mice: A Morphoanatomical, Histological and Genomic Study

Abigail Castro, Alvin Domingo, Jayson Cariaga, Francis Gamboa, Aira Cassandra Castro, Aira Nadine Pascua, Jimmbeth Zenila Fabia, Peter James Gann, Bjorn Santos, Shirley Agrupis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: wound healing; cellulose hydrogel; probiotics; histological assessment

Online: 24 September 2024 (16:57:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1950.v1

Methane Concentration Measurements in the Longwall Area as a Data Source for the Assessment of Methane Hazard

Wacław Antoni Dziurzyński, Piotr Ostrogórski, Przemysław Skotniczny

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: methane concentration measurements, sectional measurements, experiment, individual methanometer, methane hazard assessment, detection of methane emission sources

Online: 24 September 2024 (15:42:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1944.v1

Future Therapeutic Strategies for Alzheimer’s Disease: Focus on Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms

Kyoung Ja Kwon, Hahn Young Kim, Seol-Heui Han, Chan Young Shin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Neuropsychiatric symptoms; Psychomotor symptoms; Social function; Pharmacotherapy

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:52:39 CEST)

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, degenerative brain disorder that impairs memory and thinking skills, leading to significant economic and humanistic burdens. It is associated with various neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) such as anxiety, agitation, depression, aggression, apathy, and psychosis. NPSs are common in patients with AD, affecting up to 97% of individuals diagnosed with AD. The severity of NPS is linked to disease progression and cognitive decline. NPS in Alzheimer’s disease leads to increased morbidity, mortality, caregiver burden, earlier nursing home placement, and higher healthcare costs. Despite their significant impact, clinical research on NPS in AD is limited. In clinical settings, accurately distinguishing and diagnosing NPS related to AD remains a challenge. Additionally, conventional treatments for NPS in AD are often ineffective, highlighting the need for new therapies that target these specific symptoms. Understanding these comorbidities can aid in early diagnosis and better management of AD. In this review, we provide a summary of the various neurological and psychiatric symptoms (NPSs) associated with AD and new candidates under development for the treatment of NPSs based on their therapeutic targets and mechanisms. On top of the conventional NPSs studied far, this review adds recent advancements in the understanding of social functional impairment in AD. This review also provides information that can contribute to the advancement of studies and translational research in this field by emphasizing therapeutic targets and mechanism of action focused on AD-related NPS, rather than conventional mechanisms targeted in AD drug development. Above all, considering the relative lack of research in this new field despite the importance of clinical, medical, and translational research, it may increase interest in NPSs in AD, its pathophysiological mechanisms, and potential therapeutic candidates such as molecules with antioxidant potential.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1931.v1

Extracorporeal Photopheresis of Patients with Crohn’s Disease Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid – a First-in-Human Phase I/II Study

Kristian Espeland, Eidi Christensen, Astrid Aandahl, Andreas Ulvær, Trond Warloe, Andrius Kleinauskas, Sagar Darvekar, Petras Juzenas, Vlada Vasovic, Qian Peng, Jørgen Jahnsen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Crohns disease, extracorporeal photopheresis, ECP, 8-MOP, UV-A, blue light.

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:21:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1935.v1

Research on a Key Method for the Optimization of Port Vessel Detection Based on an Improved Multi-Structural Morphology Approach

Bernard Marie Tabi Fouda, Wenjun Zhang, Jacques Atangana, Hélène Carole Edima-Durand

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: Port vessel detection; weighted morphological filtering; adaptive fast median filtering; connected domain computing; multi-structure morphology; sea surface congestion

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:09:10 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1899.v1

The Impact of Aerobic Exercise on a Novice Athlete with Crohn's Disease: A Case Study from Greece

Eleftherios Paraskevopoulos

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: Inflammatory Bowel Disease; Crohn's Disease; Therapeutic Exercise

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:07:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1912.v1

Impact of Severe Obesity on Outcomes in Single-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF): A Large-Scale Comparative Study

David Maman, Ofek Bar, Yaniv Steinfeld, Ali Sliman, Arsen Shpigelman, Lior Ben-Zvi, Yaron Berkovich

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: Anterior Cervical Discectomy; Severe Obesity; BMI; Postoperative Complications; ACDF

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:06:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1918.v1

Stable Microclimates and Autonomic Modulation in Horses Sin-Gle-Stall Housed in Different Stable Architectures During Mon-Soon in a Tropical Savannah Environment

Chanoknun Poochipakorn, Kanokpan Sanigavatee, Kansuda Leelehapongsathon, Thita Wonghanchao, Metha Chanda

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Air velocity; Humidity; Interior environment; Monsoon; Noxious gases; Single-stall housing; Stress responses; Temperature; Tropical savannah climate; Welfare

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:06:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1905.v1

An Open Frame Loading Stage for High-Resolution Microtomography

David Plappert, Georg C. Ganzenmüller

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: in-situ; computed tomography; CT; loading frame; fibre reinforced composites

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:05:18 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1930.v1

Circular Design for Natural Fibers: A Literature Review on Life Cycle Evaluation Approaches for Environmental, Social and Economic Sustainability

Francesca Thiebat, Elena Fregonara, Alice Masoero, Fiamma Morselli, Chiara Senatore, Roberto Giordano

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: LCA; LCC; S-LCA; LCSA; circular design; natural fibers; environmental sustainability; social sustainability; economic sustainability; evaluation approaches; life cycle

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:04:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1900.v1

Prognostic Value of Separate Extramural Vascular Invasion Reporting in Operative Samples of Rectal Cancer: Single-Institutional Experience

Mladen Đurić, Bojana Kožik, Tijana Vasiljević, Aleksandar Đermanović, Nevena Stanulović, Marina Đurić

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Rectal cancer (RC); Extramural venous invasion (EMVI); Predictive Medicine

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:04:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1923.v1

Challenges and Solutions for Leave-One-Out Biosensor Design in the Context of a Rugged Fitness Landscape

Shounak Banerjee, Keith Fraser, Donna E Crone, Jinal C Patel, Sarah Bondos, Christopher Bystroff

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: green fluorescent protein; biosensors; folding; library screening; biosensor materials; computational design; folding energy landscape; chromophore; ultrabithorax fibers

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:04:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1916.v1

Tricoma (Tricoma) disparseta sp. nov. (Nematoda: Desmoscolecidae), a New Free-Living Marine Nematode from a Seamount in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, with a New Record of T. (T.) longirostris (Southern, 1914)

Hyo Jin Lee, Heegab Lee, Ji-Hoon Kihm, Hyun Soo Rho

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: marine nematodes; Tricoma; morphometrics; taxonomy; Northwest Pacific Ocean

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:02:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1927.v1

Methodology for the Development of Blended Learning Support Virtual Courses

Ricardo Patricio Medina-Chicaiza, Walfredo González Hernández, Lorena Chiliquinga-Véjar

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: blended learning; e‐learning; virtual course; e‐learning

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:02:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1922.v1

Impact of Daratumumab in Transplant Eligible/Ineligible Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Phase- III Trials

Bolivia Crocete Aloysia Fernandes, Vedant Shah, Muhammad Ashar Ali, Rahul Mehta, Prakash Chano Mal, Jannat Sardar Sheikh, Sulochana Gnanasekaran, Makarand Madine, Arya Alla, Sucharitha Pandeti, Jamarc Simon, Vinod Nookala

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: daratumumab; multiple myeloma; meta-analysis

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:01:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1906.v1

Links Between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms, Peer Relationships and Mental Health Outcomes in Western Australian Youth

Carolyn Maxwell, Stephen Houghton, Elaine Chapman

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Peer relationships; attention-deficit/hyperactivity; mental health; adolescents

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:01:04 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1921.v1

Prolonged Neurological and Musculoskeletal Symptoms Following Shingrix Vaccination

Sabrina Christine Hollar, Amna Khalid, Benjamin D. Brooks, Michael Wons

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Shingrix vaccine; adverse reaction; joint pain; neurological symptoms; long-term symptoms; vaccine safety

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:00:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1914.v1

The Effect of Stress on the Skin Welfare in Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) Broodstock

Thor Magne Jonassen, Albert Kjartan Dagbjartarson Imsland, Karin Anna Pittman

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Reproduction; stress; skin health; Q-cells; lumpfish

Online: 24 September 2024 (14:00:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1919.v1

Whole Genome Sequencing of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Fusarium solani KMZW-1 and Its Efficacy Against Bactrocera dorsalis

Junfu Yu, Mehboob Hussain, Mingqi Wu, Chunlan Shi, Shini Li, Yuanxia Ji, Sikandar Hussain, Deqiang Qin, Chun Xiao, Guoxing Wu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Fusarium solani KMZW-1; whole genome sequencing; entomopathogenic fungus; Bactrocera dorsa-lis

Online: 24 September 2024 (13:59:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1909.v1

Electronic Nursing Record - Importance for Nursing and Benefits of Implementing it in Health Information Systems

Daniela Ivova Taneva, Vasilka Todorova Gyurova-Kancheva, Angelina Georgieva Kirkova-Bogdanova, Diana Angelova Paskaleva, Yovka Tinkova Zlatanova

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Nursing Keywords: Electronic nursing record; electronic health record; nursing care; nursing practice; nursing documentation

Online: 24 September 2024 (13:58:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1871.v1

Selecting Optimal Printing Parameters for 3D Printed Parts in Haptic Machine Interface Prototyping

Oluwaseun Kayode Ajayi, Shenghzi Du, Tolulope Adebukola Odekomaya, Olaoluwa Bayonle

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: Print speed; infill density; layer thickness; Regression; chart

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:38:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1861.v1

Physics-Informed Neural Network for Solving a 1-Dimensional Solid Mechanics Problem

Vishal Singh, Rajnish Mallick, Sahaj Saxena, Sharanjeet Dhawan, Manoj Sahni, Dineshkumar Harursampath

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Physics-informed Neural Network; Deep Neural Network; Artificial Neural Network; Computational Solid Mechanics; Partial Differential Equation

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:36:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1868.v1

Adaptive Strategies and Sustainable Innovations of Chinese Contractors in the Belt and Road Initiative: A Social Network and Supply Chain Integration Perspective

Jiaxin Huang, Shui Ming Li

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: Supply Chain Integration; Social Network Analysis; International Engineering Projects and Sustainability; Sustainable Procurement Management; Stakeholder Engagement and Relationships; EPC Model for Sustainable Development

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:34:29 CEST)

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As global economic integration and rapid technological advancements transform international business, international engineering contracting has become essential for achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). This paper investigates the significant impact of China’s strategic initiatives, notably the "Going Global" strategy and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), on the operational practices of Chinese enterprises involved in overseas investments. Central to this transformation is the Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) model, which emphasizes the integration of supply chain management and stakeholder collaboration to enhance performance in international EPC projects and underscores the crucial role of these elements in promoting sustainability. Incorporating insights from social network data analysis, this study reveals that contractors collaborating with various stakeholders—such as owners/consulting engineers, domestic and foreign customs departments, and group headquarters/design parties—exhibit a high degree of similarity in personnel profiles. This suggests that the internal organizational structure and personnel allocation of contractors could be optimized to enhance operational efficiency, aligning with the collaborative patterns identified. This study addresses a critical research gap by exploring how effective supply chain management and collaborative stakeholder engagement within multinational EPC projects contribute to sustainable outcomes. Employing advanced social network analysis software, the research examines the complex interactions among stakeholders and their influence on procurement dynamics. Findings indicate that strong relational networks and strategic collaborations significantly enhance procurement efficiency and project success, underscoring the importance of supply chain integration. Ultimately, integrating supply chain management principles into the EPC model not only offers innovative perspectives for advancing sustainability in international projects but also provides actionable insights for improving project outcomes within the BRI framework. This research underscores the pivotal role of supply chain organization and stakeholder cooperation in achieving sustainability objectives, thereby enriching the discourse on sustainable enterprise operation and supply chain management in the context of global initiatives.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1872.v1

Antifungal Activity and Mycotoxin Degradation Potential of Bioprotective Microorganisms to Application in Animal Food Production Chain

Alberto Gonçalves Evangelista, Tiago de Melo Nazareth, Carlos Luz, Victor Dopazo, Ana Moreno, Mario Riolo, Giuseppe Meca, Fernando Bittencourt Luciano

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Animal production; Bacillus; Streptomyces; Zearalenone

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:33:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1917.v1

Multimodal Information Fusion with Neural Gating

Olivia Smith, Ava Martinez, Noah Brown

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: multimodal learning; neural networks; genre classification; information fusion; gated mechanisms

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:32:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1855.v1

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli with Analysis of Impact of Socio-Economic Factors in Low, Medium and High-Income Countries

Meher Rizvi, Maria Khan, Amina AL Jardani, Ujjala Ghoshal, Zaaima AL Jabri, Mohammad Ahanjan, Azza AL Mamari, Nawal AL Shizawi, Hiba Sami, Abdullah Balkhair, Adila Shaukat, Alwarith Nasser Salem Alkharusi, Abdulrahman Almahrouqi, Afreenish Hassan, Ajay Kumar, Amal Malehi, Amina Gul, Ashima Singh, Asma Said Hamed AL Shidhani, Areena Hoda Siddiqui, Aruna Poojary, Azza AL Rashdi, Bradley Langford, Dmytro Stepanskyi, Abbas Dolatabadi, Aisha Al Mufraji AL Mufraji, Elham Said Ahmed AL Risi, Garima Kapoor, Isabella Princess, Hatim Ali Eltahir, Hilal Al Sidairi, Kaitlyn Dougherty, Katia Iskandar, Ken Masters, Ibrahim Khalaf Hamdan AL Busaidi, Laila AL Yazidi, Mahfuza Nasrin, Mahmood Salim AL Subhi, Mallika Sengupta Mallika Sengupta, Manisha Khandait, Nada Khalfan AL Tamtami, Nada Khafan Alsiyabi, Nawal AL Kindi, Nazla Musthafa Luthfee, Neha Shreshtha, Nihal Mohamed Amur AL Riyami, Noora Hilal Ali AL Busaidi, Nupur Goel, Oksana Ishchenko, Omnia Mohamed Elnabawy Ahmed Taher, Pragnya Paramita Jena, Rajni Ekadashi, Razan Zadjali, Reba Kanungo, Sara Abolghasemi, Salima Al-maqbali, Sanjay Jaju, Sayantan Banerjee, Shadma Yaqoob, Shahnaz Sali, Shafqat Husnain Khan, Shalini Malhotra, Stephen Hughes, Sundas Shaukat, Syed Mohammed Atif, Vrushali Vishwas Patwardhan, Victorien Dougnon, Wahid Khan, Walid Wali, Zakariya AL Muharrmi, Zeeshana Basit, Jasashree Choudhury, Rachita Pravalina, Sanjeev Singh, Sarman Singh, Neelam Taneja, Raman Sardana, Pawan Kapoor, Rajeev Soman, Rashid Al Abri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: community acquired UTI; Escherichia coli; antimicrobial susceptibility; Indian subcontinent; MENA; GDP; temperature

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:32:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2238.v3

Challenges and Advances in Cervical Cancer Prevention for HIV-Positive Individuals

Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Darren Gopaul, Odalis Asin-Milan, Rodolfo Arrozarena-Fundora, Reinand Thompson, Sachin Soodeen, Patrick Eberechi Akpaka, Chandrashekhar Unakal

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: HIV; HPV; Prevalence; Vaccination strategy; HPV screening; Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:30:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1854.v1

A Ceramide Theory of Multiple Sclerosis

Ari Rappoport

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: multiple sclerosis; demyelination; ceramide; sphingomyelin; galactosylceramide

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:28:45 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1910.v1

Synthetic Biology Approaches for Engineering of Secondary Metabolism in Streptomyces: Manipulation of Crosstalk between Primary and Secondary Metabolism

Sergii Krysenko

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: synthetic biology, Streptomyces, biotechnology, primary metabolism, secondary metabolism

Online: 24 September 2024 (12:26:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1869.v1

A Decision Support Tool Integrating Data and Advanced Modeling

Shaul Arieli, Ron Ben Jacob, Gilad Hirschberger, Sivan Hirsch-Hoefler, Ariel Kenett, Ron S. Kenett

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Other Keywords: decision support tool; indicators; multivariate analysis; composite indicators; random forrests; Bayesian networks

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:59:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1852.v1

Symmetric Reverse $n$-Derivations on Ideals of Semiprime Rings

Shakir Ali, Ali Y. Hummdi, Naira N. Rafiquee, Vaishali Varshney, KokBin Wong

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Semiprime ring; ideal; symmetric $n$-derivation; symmetric reverse $n$-derivation; derivation; trace of symmetric map

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:59:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1876.v1

Spoken Kashmiri Recognition with Dual Feature Extraction and Spectrogram Augmentation Using a CNN-gMLP Hybrid Model

Umer Ayub Hajam, Syed Tanzeel Rabani, Akib Mohi Ud Din Khanday, Mehdi Neshat

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Automatic Speech recognition; Hybrid convolutional neural networks; Kashmiri Language; Spectrogram; Classification

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:58:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1644.v2

RNA Interference of Cytochrome P450s, CYP321A7 and CYP321A8, in Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Enhances Susceptibility to Chlorantraniliprole and Thiamethoxam

Raymund Kim D. dela Cruz, Karen B. Alviar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Cytochrome P450; dsRNA; RNAi; Spodoptera frugiperda

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:58:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1875.v1

Strategic Deductive Reasoning in Large Language Models: A Dual-Agent Approach

Siyue Li, Xiaofan Zhou, Zhizhong Wu, Yujian Long, Yanxin Shen

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Language Models; Deductive Reasoning; Information Collection; Pre-trained Models; Strategic Reasoning

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:58:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1859.v1

Meta-Analysis of the Fisheries, and Life History for Trichiurus. Japonicas, T. brevis and T. nanhaiensis, in the Northwest of Pacific Ocean

Baochao LIAO, Can Zhou, Jianpeng Yu, Kui Zhang, Abdul Baset, Xiujuan Shan, Longchuan Zhuang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Trichiurus spp.; spatiotemporal heterogeneity; population dynamics; meta-analysis; the northwest Pacific Ocean

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:58:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1908.v1

Predicting Shot Accuracy in Badminton Using Quiet Eye Metrics and Neural Networks

Samson Tan, Teoh Teik Toe

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Quiet Eye (QE); baminton; shot accuracy; neural networks; eye-tracking; biomechanics; sports performance; predictive modeling; gaze dynamics; performance analysis; motor learning; perception in sports

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:57:56 CEST)

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This paper presents a novel approach to predicting shot accuracy in badminton by analyzing Quiet Eye (QE) metrics such as QE duration, fixation points, and gaze dynamics. We develop a neural network model that combines visual data from eye-tracking devices with biomechanical data such as body posture and shuttlecock trajectory. Our model is designed to predict shot accuracy, providing insights into the role of QE in performance. The study involved 30 badminton players of varying skill levels from the Singapore Swimming Club. Using a combination of eye-tracking technology and motion capture systems, we collected data on QE metrics and biomechanical factors during a series of badminton shots. Key results include: 1. The neural network model achieved 85% accuracy in predicting shot outcomes, demonstrating the potential of integrating QE metrics with biomechanical data. 2. QE duration and onset were identified as the most significant predictors of shot accuracy, followed by racket speed and wrist angle at impact. 3. Elite players exhibited significantly longer QE durations (M = 289.5 ms) compared to intermediate (M = 213.7 ms) and novice players (M = 168.3 ms). 4. A strong positive correlation (r = 0.72) was found between QE duration and shot accuracy across all skill levels. These findings have important implications for badminton training and performance evaluation. The study suggests that QE-based training programs could significantly enhance players' shot accuracy. Furthermore, the predictive model developed in this study offers a framework for real-time performance analysis and personalized training regimens in badminton. By bridging cognitive neuroscience and sports performance through advanced data analytics, this research paves the way for more sophisticated, individualized training approaches in badminton and potentially other fast-paced sports. Future research directions include exploring the temporal dynamics of QE during matches and developing real-time feedback systems based on QE metrics.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1873.v1

Correlation Between IgA Levels in Henoch–Schönlein Purpura and a Medical History of Infectious Disease in the Pediatric Population: A Five-Year Retrospective Analysis

Sînziana Oprițescu, Gabriela Viorela Nițescu, Mihaela Golumbeanu, Dora Boghițoiu, Elena Iuliana Ioniță, Diana-Andreea Ușurelu, Cristian Lucaci, Adriana Negoiță, Elena Moroșan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Henoch–Schönlein purpura; IgA vasculitis; allergic vasculitis; infectious diseases

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:57:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1847.v1

Exploring the Potential of Salicylic Acid and Arbuscular Mycorrhizae in Boosting the Growth and Flowering Response of Statice (Limonium sinuatum [L.] Mill.)

Shriya Gupta, Nomita Laishram, Arvinder Singh, Ritika Manhas, Kedar Mahadev Gheware, Gurdev Chand, Rajesh Kumar Pandey

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: Statice; salicylic acid; arbuscular mycorrhiza; growth; flowering

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:57:08 CEST)

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In sustainable floriculture, the integration of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and salicylic acid (SA) in the cultivation of statice flowers presents a promising ecofriendly approach to enhancing crop health and productivity. AMF improve nutrient uptake, particularly phosphorus, in plants, leading to stronger growth and abundant flowering while reducing the reliance on chemical fertilizers. Additionally, AMF enhance soil structure and water retention, fostering robust root systems and increasing the plant's resilience to drought and soil-borne pathogens thus improving soil health and minimizing environmental impact. Complementarily, the application of salicylic acid boosts the plant’s innate defense mechanisms, elevating its resistance to diseases, enhancing stress tolerance, helping statice flowers withstand adverse conditions such as drought and salinity, and promotes vigorous root development for better nutrient absorption. Hence, this study evaluates the effect of mycorrhizal inoculation and salicylic acid treatment on ornamental statice (Limonium sinuatum [L.] Mill.) cv. Qis White. The investigation involves two primary factors: mycorrhizal inoculation and salicylic acid concentration. For mycorrhizal inoculation, the study compares the untreated control with treatments including Glomus mossae, Gigaspora margarita, and a mixture of both fungi (applied as basal during transplanting). For salicylic acid, the study assesses the untreated control alongside treatments with Salicylic Acid at 100 mg L-1, 150 mg L-1, and 200 mg L-1 (applied as foliar spray at 45 and 90 days after transplanting) in a factorial RCBD experiment with three replications. Growth, flowering, yield and biomass parameters were assessed in this study. The results indicated that statice plants benefited from mycorrhizal inoculation, particularly with Glomus mosseae, when paired with salicylic acid @ 200 mg L-1. This was further validated by principal component analysis. AMF inoculated plants showed improved growth, and superior flower qualities compared to non-inoculated plants. Additionally, the application of salicylic acid demonstrated positive effects across various parameters. Notably mycorrhization led to a delay of 4 to 9 days in the flowering time of statice. In conclusion, mycorrhizal inoculation and salicylic acid can enhance the growth and flowering attributes of statice by choosing the appropriate mycorrhizal inoculum and optimal salicylic acid concentrations. In the future they can contribute to more sustainable and productive statice cultivation by reducing the need for chemical inputs and supporting overall plant health.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1858.v1

Reproductive Biology of the Invasive Blue Crab Callinectes sapidus in the Thermaikos Gulf (Northwest Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean): Identifying Key Information for an Effective Population Management Policy

KOSMAS KEVREKIDIS, THEODOROS KEVREKIDIS, CHARITON CHARLES CHINTIROGLOU, KYRIAKI AVRAMOGLOU, SOFOKLIS KEISARIS, KOSTAS FRYGANIOTIS, CHRISOULA APOSTOLOGAMVROU, Kyriakoula Roditi, Konstantinos Voulgaris, Anastasios Varkoulis, IRENE DALMIRA, Katerina Charitonidou, VIVIAN MALEA, DIMITRIS VAFIDIS

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: invasive blue crab; Callinectes sapidus; Thermaikos Gulf; Aegean Sea; reproductive biology; ovigerous females; depth gradient; size at first maturity; fecundity; population management policy

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:56:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1911.v1

Uric acid transporter gene SLC22A12 is a chimera of multiple ancestral genes

Kazuharu Misawa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: Uric acid transporter; Gout; Hyperuricemia; Gene fusion; Molecular Evolution; Mammal

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:56:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1846.v1

Class Incremental Learning for Financial Data Streams and Two Classes of Methodologies

Larry Milner

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Class-incremental Learning; Financial Learning; Machine Learning; Optimization

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:51:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1866.v1

Floater Assembly and Turbine Integration Strategy for Floating Offshore Wind Energy: Considerations and Recommendations

Glib Ivanov, Kai-Tung Ma

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: offshore wind; floater assembly; port infrastructure; turbine integration; installation strategy

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:49:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1844.v1

Potential of Anxiety and Fear in Indonesia’s and Taiwan’s Online News regarding COVID-19 Pandemic: Sentiment Analysis

Meiselina Irmayanti, Li Fang Chou, Nur Najla binti Zainal Anuar

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: anxiety; fear; sentiment analysis; online news; LIWC; seance

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:49:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1853.v1

Construction of a DNA Fingerprinting of Improved Varieties of Slash Pines in China Based on 51K Liquid-Phased Probes

Yadi Wu, Shu Diao, Xianyin Ding, Qinyun Huang, Qifu Luan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: DNA fingerprinting; Improved variety identification; liquid-phased probes; Pinus elliottii

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:48:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1783.v1

Investigation on Hydrodynamic Performance and Wall Temperature of Water-cooled Wall in a 1000 MW Boiler under Low-load Conditions

Peian Chong, Xiaolei Zhu, Jianning Li, Xiao Li, Lei Deng

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Supercritical boiler; Water-cooled wall; Hydrodynamic performance; Wall temperature characteristics; Deep peak shaving

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:33:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1785.v1

Physical Health and Welfare States of Fin (Balaenoptera physalus) and Humpback Whales (Megaptera novangliae) in an Anthropized Environment: Validation of a First Animal-Based Welfare Assessment Protocol for Wild Cetaceans

Anik Boileau, Jonathan Blais, Marie-Francoise Van Bressem, Kathleen Ellen Hunt, Jamie Ahloy-Dallaire

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Humpback Whales; Fin Whales; Welfare Assessment; Anthropized environment; Chronic Stress; Entanglement; Physical health; Body condition; Cutaneous lesions

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:32:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1772.v1

Chaotic Dynamics, Sequence Density, and Chaos Suppression: A Study in Euclidean and Riemannian Spaces Inspired by Collatz-like Problems

Rafik zeraoulia

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: ; Collatze like problem; irrationality; sequences; Riemannian metri

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:30:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1797.v1

The ESG Criteria Impact on Taxation

Marco Greggi

Subject: Social Sciences, Law Keywords: ESG; Direct taxation; Business Income; Transfer Pricing; GAAR: Business Purpose Test; Market Economy; UN; EU; Interpretation of the Law

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:28:38 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1771.v1

Sputum Induction in Pediatric Lung Disease: Are We There Yet?

Tuba Kockar Kizilirmak, Emanuela M Bruscia, Clemente J Britto, Marie E Egan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: Induced sputum; airway inflammation; respiratory; children

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:26:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1835.v1

Fungi as indicators of indoor Air Quality: Their Effects on Human Health and treatment

Azhar Abdullah Najjar

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Fungi; Indoor air quality; Contamination; Human Health risk; Treatment

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:22:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1843.v1

Association Between Temperature and Sunlight Hours with Daily Steps in School-Aged Children over 35 Weeks: Findings from the E-MOVI Study

Eva Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, Ana Torres-Costoso, Estela Jiménez-López, Arthur Eumann Mesas, Valentina Díaz-Goñi, María José Guzmán‐Pavón, Nuria Beneit, Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: children; sunlight; temperature; daily steps; physical activity; dose-response analysis

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:21:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1898.v1

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Yucatan Minipigs: Assessing Changes in Approachability/Sociability and Mechanical Nociception Following Central Fluid Percussion Injury

Mark Pavlichenko, Radina Lilova, Amanda Logan-Wesley, Karen Gorse, Audrey D. Lafrenaye

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: mild traumatic brain injury; minipig; central fluid percussion injury; social behavior; mechanical nociception; human approach task; von Frey

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:16:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1901.v1

The Impact of Data Packet Loss on Neural Decoding

Jiaqi Zheng, Yuan Li, Liangliang Chen, Fei Wang, Boxuan Gu, Qixiang Sun, Xiang Gao, Fan Zhou

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: Neural Decoding; Packet Loss; Gilbert-Elliott Model

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:15:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1895.v1

Theory of Food: The Relationship between Childhood Eating Habits to Implicit Attitudes towards Food in Adulthood

Omer Horovitz

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: nutritional psychology; theory of food; childhood eating habits; implicit attitudes; food choices

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:11:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1887.v1

Enhanced Modal Fusion Learning for Multimodal Sentiment Interpretation

Kayla Robinson, Ava Martinez, Ethan Turner

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: sentiment analysis; robust learning; cross-modal integration

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:09:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1890.v1

Thermal Stress and Suitability for Aquatic Species in the San Francisco Estuary

Catarina Pien, Rosemary Hartman, Eva Bush, Peggy Lehman, Brittany Davis

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: water temperature; estuary; thermal stress; habitat suitability; climate change; refugia; Sacramento-San Joaquin delta; long-term monitoring; fish

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:08:25 CEST)

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Increases in water temperature caused by climate change will challenge water and species management in the San Francisco Estuary. Our goals were to describe spatial and seasonal patterns in water temperature across the upper Estuary, and evaluate how temperature stress and suitability vary across the aquatic ecosystem. We synthesized 10 years of continuous water temperature data at 75 stations across six regions of the Estuary between 2010 and 2019. We identified stressful temperature thresholds for species of interest using published physiological limits and observed distribution, including ESA-listed native (e.g., osmerids, salmonids), non-ESA-listed native (e.g., cyprinids), non-native (e.g., centrarchids, bivalves), and nuisance species such as invasive aquatic vegetation, and harmful cyanobacteria. We then quantified thermal stress across varying spatial and temporal scales and metrics. Analyses indicated there were detectable regional temperature differences, and that Suisun Bay was the only region to provide regular thermal refuge during the warmer parts of the year, though portions of the Confluence and Suisun Marsh also provided potential thermal refuge during summer/fall and during cooler parts of the day. Meanwhile, the Central and South Delta experienced the warmest temperatures, exceeding thresholds for listed species throughout summer and early fall. We found that listed species such as juvenile salmonids and osmerids experience more thermal stress across a number of metrics. Fishes with higher heat tolerance (including non-natives and select natives), aquatic vegetation, and Microcystis (a harmful cyanobacteria) had the lowest average number of thermal stress days. This study demonstrates that the Estuary is already exhibiting stressful conditions for species of concern, and thermal stress will only increase with climate change. We identify at what times of year and where the Estuary may provide refuge from thermal stress conditions which has important implications for restoration prioritization and design and species management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1902.v1

Friendship Through a Narcissistic Lens: The Role of Narcissism in Perceived Humor Similarity Among Friends in Germany and the US

Tobias Altmann, Destaney Sauls

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: narcissism; friendship; humor styles; perceived similarity; friend-report

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:07:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1862.v1

Evaluation of Chronic Pain Development in Patients Undergoing Shoulder Arthroscopy

Teoman Etikcan, Keziban Sanem Cakar Turhan, Suheyla Karadag Erkoc, Hanzade Aybuke Unal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: chronic pain; postoperative pain; arthroscopy

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:04:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1838.v1

Cutting Through History: The Evolution of Glioblastoma Surgery

Abdullah Ishaque, Sunit Das

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: glioblastoma; surgery; history

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:02:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1894.v1

Diverse Fatty Acid Profiles and Antioxidant Properties in Different Populations of Ox Tongue (Echium amoenum) Fisch. & Mey

Zohreh Emami Bistgani, Vahid Rowshan Sarvestani, Masoud Hashemi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Ox tongue; Fatty acids; Antioxidant; α-linolenic acid

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:59:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1893.v1

Characterization and Optimization of Boride Coatings on AISI 1137 Steel: Enhancing Surface Properties and Wear Resistance

Asım Genç, Levent Urtekin, Merdin DANIŞMAZ

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: AISI 1137; thermo-diffusion coating; boron oxide; abrasive wear; thermal analysis; optical image analysis; Taguchi and Anova analysis

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:51:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1896.v1

MPV17 Prevented Myocardial Ferroptosis and Ischemic Cardiac Injury through Maintaining SLC25A10 Mediated Mitochondrial Glutathione Import

Tao Xu, Guilan Chen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: ischemia/reperfusion injury; iron overload; myocardial ferroptosis; MPV17; mtGSH

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:49:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1892.v1

Deficiency of Inducible Costimulator (ICOS) during Chronic Infection with Toxoplasma gondii Upregulates CD28-Dependent Cytotoxicity of CD8+ T Cells and Their Effector Function against Tissue Cysts of the Parasite

Rajesh Mani, Kanal Balu, Yasuhiro Suzuki

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: ICOS; CD28; costimulatory molecule; CD8+ T cell; cytotoxic activity; host defense; infection; Toxoplasma gondii

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:45:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1870.v1

Temperature-dependent FTIRS study of manganese oxide spinel obtained by Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS) for Supercapacitor applications

Taylan Karakoç, Sécou SALL, Sergey N. Pronkin

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electrochemistry Keywords: Solution Combustion Synthesis; Manganese oxide; Hausmannite; DRIFTS; Supercapacitor

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:43:10 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1879.v1

A Review of Crowd Abnormal Behavior Recognition Technology Based on Computer Vision

Rongyong Zhao, Feng Hua, Bingyu Wei, Cuiling Li, Yulong Ma, Eric S. W. Wong, Fengnian Liu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: Computer Vision; Abnormal Behavior Recognition; Crowd Abnormal Behavior; Deep Learning; Neural Network; Self-Attention Mechanism

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:42:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1891.v1

Evaluation of Bonding Properties Between Cfrp Laminate and Concrete Using Externally Bonded Reinforcement on Transverse Grooves (Ebrotg) Method

Ahmed H. Al-Abdwais, Adil K. Al-Tamimi

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Bonding strength; (EBROTG) method; Fiber reinforce polymer; Concrete prism; Strengthening.

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:23:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1889.v1

Investigation of Tunable Work Function, Electrostatic Force Microscopy and Band Structure of TiO₂ Nanoparticles using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy

Ishaq Musa, Naser Qamhieh, Jamal Ghabboun, Saleh T. Mahmoud

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: TiO2 nanoparticles; scanning probe microscopy (SPM); work function; EFM; photoluminescence; band structure

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:20:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1885.v1

Development of cost-effective Sn-free Al-Bi-Fe alloys for efficient onboard hydrogen production through Al-Water reaction

Rui Deng, Mingshuai Wang, Hao Zhang, Ruijun Yao, Kai Zhen, Yifei Liu, Xingjun Liu, Cuiping Wang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Metals, Alloys And Metallurgy Keywords: Aluminum alloy; Gas atomization; Hydrolysis; Hydrogen production; Microstructure characterization; Activation energy

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:18:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1888.v1

Origins of Attractive Gravitational and Boson Forces, and Wave Mechanics of the Elementary Particles

Jae-Kwang Hwang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: TQSM model; gravitational force; wave forms of the particles; massive graviton; time fluctuations (G); space fluctuations (E, M, 2EM); oscillating mass waves; boson forces; neutrino oscillations; dartk matter oscillations; TC symmetry and energy conservation

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:18:39 CEST)

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In the standard model (SM) and general relative theory (GR) based on the 4-D Minkowski space, the graviton and photon are massless. In that case, two particles with the positive masses are attracted to each other by the gravitational (graviton) waves. The origin of the attractive gravitational force is not understood in terms of SM and GR. In the present work, the 3-D quantized space model (TQSM) based on the 4-D Euclidean space is applied to explain the attractive gravitational force. The repulsive Coulomb force between two particles with the positive charges is explained by using the destructive interference of the electric waves emitted from two particles. Therefore, the destructive interference of the gravitational (graviton) waves emitted from two particles with the positive masses should make the repulsive gravitational force (F_r). The observance of the attractive gravitational force (F_g) indicates the non-zero graviton mass because the attractive gravitational force can be explained if the gravitational (graviton) waves are the oscillating mass waves. The masses lost during the destructive interference of the gravitational (graviton) waves are converted to the gamma rays. These induced gamma rays make the new attractive force (F_a). The observed attractive gravitational force (F_g) should be originated by the equation of F_g = F_a – F_r > 0. This can explain the reason why the gravitational force (F_g) between the elementary particles is so weak when compared with the Coulomb forces. The properties of elementary particles in terms of the TQSM model are analyzed by the wave mechanics of G, E and M waves of the 3-D quantized photon space. The G wave is the time fluctuations along the (absolute) time axis and E (electric) and M (magnetic) waves are the space fluctuations along the space axes. The elementary particles exist as the particle forms with the constant (rest) masses (m) at the low speed. The elementary particles at the high speed have the (particle) wave forms with the oscillating masses or the particle forms with the relativistic masses (gm). The graviton has the very small mass moving with the very high-speed close to the light speed of c. This means that most of the gravitons exist as the graviton wave forms. The particle waves are coupled with the photon waves (2EM, gamma rays) because of the energy conservation. It is concluded that the gravitational waves are the coupled oscillating forms (GEM waves) of the graviton waves and photon waves. The existence of the wave forms for the particles can explain the double slit experiment for the electron beams. And the attractiveness of the dark matter, weak and strong forces is explained by the virtual two boson processes with the TC symmetry and total energy conservation. All elementary bosons and neutrinos are considered as the wave forms with the high speed close to the light speed of c. Because of the charge and energy conservations, only the neutrino oscillations and dark matter (baston) oscillations are allowed.

Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1631.v5

Encapsulated Bacteria with a Light-Repressed Deadman Switch for Liver Gene Delivery

Michael Renteln

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: bacterial capsule; caged luciferin/luciferase; CY3PA; light-activated allosteric protein switch; Deadman switch; bactofection

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:15:22 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1884.v1

Engineering Motivation into an Instructional Design Skill-Strength Assessment and Mentoring System

Hazzan Olusegun Mohammed

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: instructional design (ID); competency development; motivation; user-centered design (UCD)

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:12:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1883.v1

Paper‐and‐Pencil vs. Electronic Patient Records: Analyzing Time Efficiency, Personnel Requirements, and Usability Impacts on Healthcare Administration

Matthias Fabian Berger, Johanna Petritsch, Andrzej Hecker, Sabrina Pustak, Birgit Michelitsch, Chiara Banfi, Lars-Peter Kamolz, David B. Lumenta

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: digital medicine; electronic patient record; electronic health record; clinical decision support; data science

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:06:56 CEST)

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Objective The healthcare industry has witnessed a paradigm shift with the adoption of Electronic Patient Records (EPRs), transitioning from traditional Paper and Pencil (P&P) methods to sophisticated, technology-driven documentation systems. However, the integration of EPRs into clinical settings has introduced new challenges. This study investigates workflow consequences of switching from P&P to EPR systems. Methods In this study, two independent observers audited surgical ward rounds to assess the effects of transitioning from P&P to EPR. These audits captured number of medical personnel and five key aspects before and after EPR implementation. Additionally, the EPR system's usability was gathered through the System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Post Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ). Results A total of 192 observations using P&P and 160 with the EPR system were analyzed. Results indicated that physicians spent a lower proportion of time in patient rooms using the P&P modality (median = 0.14, IQR = [0.06, 0.24]) compared to the EPR system (median = 0.19, IQR = [0.12, 0.29]). Conversely, nurses spent more time with the P&P modality (median = 0.13, IQR = [0.08, 0.18]) than with the EPR system (median = 0.10, IQR = [0.06, 0.13]). The typical team in the P&P modality comprised two physicians and four nurses, while teams in the EPR system generally included two or three physicians and three nurses. Usability assessments yielded scores rated as "Not Acceptable." Conclusion The EPR is already known to contribute to an increased administrative burden. Our findings generally align with this view in the physician sample, whereas nurses did not encounter difficulties switching systems. However, usability scores indicated that the EPR system falls short of meeting user acceptance expectations. Given the continuous increase in administrative workload, our results suggest that ururcing administrative tasks could enhance the efficiency of medical duties performed at patient's bedside.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1874.v1

A Comprehensive Review of MI-HFE and IPHFE Cryptosystems: Advances in Internal Perturbations for Post-Quantum Security

Yong Wang, Lingyue Li, Ying Zhou, Huili Zhang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: RSA encryption; quantum-resistant cryptography; lattice-based cryptography; multivariate public key cryptosystems; NP-hard problems; quantum computing threats; digital security

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:06:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1881.v1

Exploring the Hidden Connections: Endophytic System and Flower Development of Pilostyles berteroi (Apodanthaceae) and Their Interactions with the Host Adesmia trijuga (Fabaceae)

Ana Maria Gonzalez, Maria Florencia Romero, Héctor A. Sato

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: CLSM; chimera; endoparasites; holoparasitic; SEM; sinkers; tracheoids; wood

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:04:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1878.v1

Presenting a Model for School Dropout of Girls in Deprived Areas Based on a Qualitative Investigation: A Case Study

Sara Mashayekhi, Parsa Mohammadi

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: educational justice; rural girls; school dropout; deprived areas; grounded theory

Online: 24 September 2024 (10:01:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1886.v1

Interplay of Physical Exercise with Leptin and Ghrelin Alterations After Roux-en-Y-Gastric Bypass in Patients with Sarcopenic Obesity

Cláudia Mendes, Manuel Carvalho, Jorge Bravo, Sandra Martins, Armando Raimundo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: sarcopenia; sarcopenic obesity; bariatric surgery; leptin; ghrelin; exercise

Online: 24 September 2024 (09:45:40 CEST)

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Introduction: Leptin and ghrelin are two hormones that play a role in weight homeostasis. Leptin, which is produced primarily by adipocytes and is dependent on body fat mass, suppresses appetite and increases energy expenditure. Conversely, ghrelin is the “hunger hormone”, it stimulates appetite and promotes fat storage. Bariatric surgery significantly alters the levels and activity of these hormones, contributing to weight loss and metabolic improvements. Clarifying the interplay between bariatric surgery, weight loss, physical exercise, leptin, and ghrelin is essential for developing comprehensive strategies for optimizing long-term outcomes for candidates for bariatric surgery, especially sarcopenic patients. Methods: This was a randomized controlled study with two groups (n=22). The patients in both groups have obesity and sarcopenia. A Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass (RYGB) procedure was performed in all patients. The intervention group participated in a structured exercise program three times per week beginning one month after surgery and lasting 16 weeks. Patient assessment was performed before surgery (baseline) and after completion of the exercise program. The control group received the usual standard of care and was assessed similarly. Results: After surgery, weight, BMI and lean mass decreased significantly in both groups from baseline to the second assessment. Leptin was not significantly different from baseline to the second assessment in the physical exercise group but was significantly lower in the control group (p=0.05). Ghrelin increased over time in both groups, but the differences were not significant. When we associated leptin (the dependent variable) with weight (the independent variable), we found that lower weight was associated with lower leptin levels. A similar relationship was also observed between leptin and sarcopenia parameters (muscle strength and mass), as well as with bone health parameters (bone mineral density and t-score). Higher ghrelin levels were significantly associated with higher t-scores and z-score (p

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1828.v1

Self-control Buffers the Mortality Salience Effect on Fairness-related Decision-making

Wen Li, Lili Guan

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: mortality salience; self-control; fairness-related decision-making; ego depletion; prosocial behavior

Online: 24 September 2024 (09:26:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1827.v1

Optimizing the Genetic Transformation of Coffea arabica Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Diana Molina, Ricardo Acuña

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: genetic transformation 1; Agrobacterium tumefaciens 2; somatic embryogenesis 3; Coffea arabica 4; coffee 5.

Online: 24 September 2024 (09:24:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1825.v1

Efficient Recovery of Silver and Aluminum from End-of-Life Photovoltaics: A Two-Step Leaching Approach

James Malumbo Mwase, Stefanie Wahl, Sylke Meyer, Duygu Yilmaz

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Metals, Alloys And Metallurgy Keywords: Recycling; solar panels; silver; aluminum; lead; leaching; recovery

Online: 24 September 2024 (09:23:07 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1823.v1

Glucocorticoid Receptor Alpha: Origins and Functions of the Master Regulator of Homeostatic Corrections in Health and Critical Illness

Gianfranco Umberto Meduri

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: acute phase response; acute respiratory distress syndrome; allostasis; chromatin; chronic; co-regulation; critical illness; dysregulated systemic inflammation; endothelium; evolution; general adaptation syndrome; glucocorticoid; glucocorticoid receptor; homeostasis; homeostatic corrections; long-term; micronutrients; mitochondria; nuclear factor kappa B; reactive oxygen species; regulation; resolution; sepsis; stress response; systemic inflammation; treatment; vertebrates

Online: 24 September 2024 (09:22:30 CEST)

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The glucocorticoid receptor alpha (GRα), a pivotal component of the ancient glucocorticoid (GC) signaling system that emerged nearly 450 million years ago, has been instrumental in directing vertebrate evolution and is essential for survival, regulating fertility and fetal development, the function of every organ and circulating cells, metabolism, immune responses, and adaptation to stress. While its anti-inflammatory properties have been recognized since the mid-20th century, GRα’s broader role as the master regulator of homeostatic corrections, particularly in health and critical illness, has only recently been fully appreciated.GRα orchestrates three key phases of homeostatic correction: the Priming Phase, where it rapidly activates early immune responses, mobilizes energy reserves, and prepares the body to mount an immediate defense against various physiological stressors, including infection and injury. During this phase, GRα enhances glucose metabolism, supports mitochondrial function, and facilitates the release of key immune cells to the site of damage, ensuring the body is equipped to handle the initial assault. The Modulatory Phase follows, in which GRα fine-tunes the inflammatory response to prevent excessive tissue damage. By balancing pro- and anti-inflammatory signals, GRα helps contain the immune response, preventing the harmful effects of prolonged inflammation while maintaining immune surveillance. This phase also involves the regulation of oxidative stress, vascular tone, and the preservation of cellular integrity to protect vital organs from injury. Finally, in the Restorative Phase, GRα plays a critical role in resolving inflammation and initiating tissue repair. During this phase, GRα supports cellular regeneration, promotes the clearance of apoptotic cells and debris, and restores anatomical and physiological balance. It aids in rebuilding tissue architecture and returning the neuroendocrine-immune system to its baseline state, ensuring long-term recovery and stability.Throughout these phases, GRα manages complex interactions, including recently discovered co-regulation with pro-inflammatory transcription factors, while also regulating mitochondrial function to ensure bioenergetic and metabolic stability during stress. In critically ill patients, depletion of bioenergetic and micronutrient reserves severely impairs GRα’s capacity to regulate immune responses, heightening the risk of morbidity and mortality.This review, in light of this new understanding, underscores the need to re-evaluate current glucocorticoid (GC) treatment strategies, emphasizing the incorporation of micronutrient support to optimize GRα function across all phases of homeostatic correction. This integrated therapeutic approach has the potential to enhance both immediate immune responses and long-term recovery in critically ill patients, offering a more comprehensive strategy for managing the complex pathobiology of critical illness. Furthermore, this integrative approach could decrease glucocorticoid dose and duration requirements and potential side effects.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1837.v1

An 8x8 CMOS Optoelectronic Readout Array of Short-Range LiDAR Sensors

Yeojin Chon, Shinhae Choi, Jieun Joo, Sung-Min Park

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: APD; A2V; CMOS; LiDAR; Optoelectronics; T2V

Online: 24 September 2024 (09:22:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1830.v1

Contribution of Tree Farming on Improvement of Livelihood Assets to Smallholder Farmers in Njombe District, Tanzania

Nyanjige Mbembela Mayala

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Other Keywords: tree farming; smallholder farmers; livelihood assets; poverty reduction; Tanzania

Online: 24 September 2024 (09:21:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1829.v1

Research on the Synergistic Effects and Driving Mechanisms of Urban Agglomeration Spatial Expansion: A Case Study of Beibu Gulf in Guangxi, China

Zhantu Chen, Limei Xiao, Li Ren, Bing Feng, Ling Xie

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: Guangxi Beibu Gulf Urban Agglomeration; Spatial Expansion; Geodetector; Driving Factors; Urbanization Benefits

Online: 24 September 2024 (09:20:28 CEST)

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The spatial expansion of urban agglomerations is a direct manifestation of regional urbanization, reflecting the changes in scale and morphological characteristics of urban in temporal and spatial dimensions, which affects the efficiency of regional urbanization. This study employed a range of analytical techniques, including the urban spatial intensity index, center-of-gravity model, synergy index, inverse distance weighting interpolation method, and Geodetector, to examine the spatiotemporal evolution pattern and driving factors of the Beibu Gulf Urban Agglomeration in Guangxi, China between 2012 and 2022. The findings indicate that: (1) The Beibu Gulf Urban Agglomeration in Guangxi has been in a stable expansion trend over the past decade. However, the polarization effect of the central city space has gradually weakened, and the spatial expansion differences between cities have gradually narrowed, indicating an extensional development mode. (2) The economic and social gravity centers show a tendency of "eastward and southward" migration, which is opposite to the direction of the urban gravity center's displacement. The displacement directions of population and ecological gravity centers are roughly consistent with that of urban center. The distribution of economic and social resources are not aligned with the configuration of urban development, and the trajectory of the center of gravity of various development dimensions has shifted. (3) Economic and social expansion is significantly faster than population and ecology, but slower than urban expansion. The intensity of urban expansion is inconsistent with the distribution of synergies. The spatial differences in synergies between cities are gradually narrowing. The central city's radiation-driven role is insufficient. The development of nodal cities is less than expected. However, the benefits of urbanization in coastal cities are constantly being strengthened. (4) The disposable income of urban residents and per capita arable land area are the primary driving forces of urban expansion, while population density and urban green space area are significant contributors to urban expansion. Based on the above findings, it is recommended that the Beibu Gulf Urban Agglomeration of Guangxi should continue to enhance the scale efficiency of population agglomeration, optimize economic development and industrial resource allocation, promote urban-rural integration, strengthen inter-city connections, optimize spatial layout, and improve the overall production and living efficiency of regional cities and towns.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1824.v1

Longitudinal Fecal Microbiota Profiles in a Cohort of Non-Hospitalized Adolescents and Young Adults with COVID-19: Associations with SARS-CoV-2 Status and Long-Term Fatigue

Christine Olbjørn, Milada Hagen, Aina Fossum Moen, Lise Beier Havdal, Silke Lauren Sommen, Lise Lund Berven, Espen Thiis-Evensen, Tonje Stiansen-Sonerud, Joel Selvakumar, Vegard Bruun Bratholm Wyller

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; fatigue; post-COVID-19 condition; post-infective fatigue syndrome; microbiota; Faecalibacterium prausnitzii; Sutterella wadsworthensis

Online: 24 September 2024 (09:20:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1833.v1

Spatial Risk Estimation of Parasitic Infestations of Pond and Cage Cultured Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in the Lake Victoria Crescent, Uganda

Abdul Noor Luttamaguzi, John Joseph Kisakye, Tutilo Mudumba, Catherine Agoe, Martin Sserwadda, John Walakira

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Parasitology Keywords: farmed fish; parasites; water quality; farm management; spatial modelling

Online: 24 September 2024 (09:19:59 CEST)

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A study was conducted to determine the estimated parasitic infestation and associated risk factors (Water quality, Farm management practices and External factors such as Intermediate hosts and Wild fish entry) of farmed Nile tilapia in Pond grow-out, Cage grow-out (lake), Cage grow-out (reservoir) farms and Hatcheries in the Lake Victoria Crescent, Uganda. Sixteen parasite genera and 65% (418/640) infestation rate were obtained. However, Pond grow-out farms and Hatcheries did not only constitute 81% and 63% of the parasite genera, but also had the highest mean number of parasite genera per farm of 1 to 7 and 4 to 8 respectively. Cage grow-out (reservoir) farms and Hatcheries had the highest mean prevalence of >0.7. Water quality parameters, farm management practices and external factors varied across the 4 farming systems, with Cage grow-out farms (lake) with the best water quality parameters, farm management practices and control over intermediate hosts and wild fish entry. Using Spatial Areal Unit Modelling with Conditional Autoregressive Priors, out of 16 risk factors, only Intermediate hosts had a significant effect on estimated parasitic infestation. Estimated parasitic infestation of 0.28 (low) or 0.55 (high) prevalence was obtained. All Cage grow-out (reservoir) farms and Hatcheries, and 78% (14/18) of Pond grow-out farms had high estimated parasitic infestation despite their locations, while 75% (3/4) of Pond grow-out farms that had low estimated parasitic infestation were located in Masaka (an area with many minor and less polluted rivers). Fifty-six percent (5/9) of Cage grow-out (lake) had low estimated parasitic infestation and were located in the Southern part of Wakiso, Southern part of Mukono and Southern part of Jinja but far from the Napoleon Gulf. The Cage grow-out farms with high estimated parasitic infestation were found in the Southeastern part of Buikwe (an area with sugar cane plantations and factories) and Southern part of Jinja in the polluted Napoleon Gulf. Therefore, the type of farming system and its location (spatial component) need to be given at-most importance when coming up with management and sanitary control strategies to encounter parasite infestation.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1826.v1

Coley`s Toxin to first Approved Therapeutic Vaccine - a Brief Historical Account in the Progression of Immunobiology Based Cancer Treatment

K. Devaraja, Manisha Singh, Krishna Sharan, Sadhna Aggarwal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Coley`s toxin; T-lymphocytes; Dendritic cells; Immunosurveillance; Immunoediting; Tumor microenvironment; Head and Neck neoplasm; Immunotherapy; Therapeutic vaccines; Checkpoint inhibitors; Immunobiology

Online: 24 September 2024 (09:19:06 CEST)

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