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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2375.v1

Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue by Fe3O4/Fe2TiO5/TiO2 Nanocomposite Fabricated from Natural Ilmenite Sand

Charitha Thambiliyagodage, Himasha Gunathilaka

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Dyes; Elimination; Chemisorption; Remediation; Wastewater

Online: 30 September 2024 (12:41:31 CEST)

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A novel nanomaterial was synthesized using natural ilmenite sand via a simple precipitation method, and its ability to remove dyes in wastewater was evaluated using methylene blue (MB). The nanomaterial was synthesized by neutralizing the acid leachate obtained by Ilmenite sand digestion, followed by drying at 180 °C. It was characterized by X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller surface area analyzer. Synthesized nanoparticles are a composite of Fe3O4/Fe2TiO5/TiO2 with a surface area of 292.18 m2/g pore size distribution with an average pore size of 1.53 nm and pore volume of 0.202 cc/g. The maximum adsorption capacity of 24.573 mg/g was obtained at pH 10 for 10 mg of the nanomaterial used with 10 mg/L MB. Dye concentration was varied in the range of 10-25 mg/L with 5 mg/L increment where equilibrium adsorption capacities of 24.573, 31.012, 41.443, and 52.259 mg/g were obtained with 10, 15, 20, and 25 mg/L, respectively. The adsorbent dosage varied as 10, 25, 45, 65, and 100 mg, and the highest adsorbent capacity of 24.573 mg/g was obtained with 10 mg of the adsorbent and 10 mg/L MB. Adsorption of MB followed pseudo-second-order kinetics with an adsorption capacity of 24.863 mg/g. The intraparticle diffusion model revealed that the MB adsorb in three different stages, and corresponding intra-particle diffusion constants of 1.50, 2.71, 3.38, and 4.41 g/mg min1/2 were calculated with the above dye concentrations. Adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm model. Thermodynamics parameters ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS were calculated to be -27.5521 kJ/mol at 298 K, 2.571 kJ/mol, and 0.101 kJ/mol, respectively, in the experiments carried out varying the temperature. Regeneration studies of the adsorbent were carried out for five cycles, indicating some activity loss after each cycle.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0871.v1

Measles Trends in The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2002-2012.

Fayez Saud Alreshidi, Fawaz Alrasheedi

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: Measles; Elimination; KSA; Vaccination; Immunizable disease

Online: 11 January 2024 (07:55:17 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0022.v2

Epidemiology-Based Analysis of the Risks and Elimination Strategies of the Monkeypox Outbreak in 2022

Ji-Ming Chen, Rui-Xu Chen, Huan-Yu Gong, Meng-Meng Zhao, Yu-Fei Ji, Ming-Hui Sun, Guo-Hui Li, Su-Mei Tan, Gui-Hong Zhang, Ji-Wang Chen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: monkeypox; risk; elimination; epidemiology; outbreak; prediction

Online: 14 November 2022 (09:43:24 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0024.v1

Structure-Decidable Structure-Examples of Decidable Structures With Proof-Some Examples of Undecidable Structures

Zahra Sheikhaleslami

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Logic Keywords: Boolean algebras; Decidability; Model Theory; Quantifier-Elimination

Online: 4 October 2022 (12:14:58 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0493.v1

Global Perspectives on Hepatitis B Vaccination: Challenges, Achievements, and the Road to Elimination by 2030

Said A. Al-Busafi, Ahmed Alwassief

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Hepatitis B; liver disease; WHO; vaccination; elimination; barriers

Online: 8 February 2024 (06:33:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1139.v1

How Possible Is the Elimination of Viral Hepatitis? An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease from Hepatitis B and C, 1990–2019

Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk, Fernando De la Hoz Restrepo

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Health Policy And Services Keywords: Hepatitis C; Elimination; Global Burden of Disease; Mortality

Online: 18 October 2023 (17:35:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0716.v1

Targeting Malaria Hotspots to Reduce Transmission Incidence in Senegal

Kankoe Sallah, Roch Giorgi, El-Hadj Ba, Martine Piarroux, Renaud Piarroux, Badara Cisse, Jean Gaudart

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Malaria elimination; Mathematical model; Human mobility; Intervention chemotherapy

Online: 29 September 2020 (14:42:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0028.v7

Realization of Maxwell’s Hypothesis An Experiment of Heat-Electric Conversion in Contradiction to the Kelvin Statement

Xinyong Fu, Zitao Fu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Thermodynamics Keywords: Maxwell’s demon; magnetic demon; entropy decrease; entropy elimination

Online: 31 July 2020 (03:42:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0005.v1

An Increase in the Prevalence of Clinically-Relevant Resistance-Associated Substitutions in Four Direct-Acting Antiviral Regimens: A Study Using GenBank HCV Sequences

Roaa Khalil, Kholoud Al-Mahzoum, Muna Barakat, Malik Sallam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Resistance; therapy; treatment response; treatment as prevention; HCV elimination

Online: 1 July 2024 (08:09:39 CEST)

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Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) revolutionized therapeutics of chronic hepatitis C. The emergence and transmission of HCV variants with resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) can undermine HCV treatment. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and temporal trends of RASs in HCV with a particular focus on the clinically-relevant RASs (cr-RASs). Near-complete HCV GenBank sequences archived in the Los Alamos HCV Database were analyzed. The study period was divided into two phases; before 2011 and 2011 onwards. Identification of RASs across three DAA classes; NS3, NS5A, and NS5B inhibitors was based on the 2020 EASL guidelines. The AASLD-IDSA recommendations were used to identify cr-RASs for three HCV genotypes/subtypes (1a, 1b, and 3) for four DAA regimens; ledipasvir/sofosbuvir; elbasvir/grazoprevir; sofosbuvir/velpatasvir; and glecaprevir/pibrentasvir. The final HCV dataset comprised 3443 sequences and the prevalences of RASs were 50.4%, 60.2%, and 25.3% in NS3, NS5A, and NS5B, respectively. In subtype 1a, resistance to ledipasvir/sofosbuvir was 32.8%, while resistance to elbasvir/grazoprevir was 33.0%. For genotype 3, resistance to sofosbuvir/velpatasvir and glecaprevir/pibrentasvir was 4.2% and 24.9%, respectively. Significant increase in cr-RASs was observed across the two study phases as follows: for ledipasvir/sofosbuvir in subtype 1a, cr-RASs increased from 30.2% to 35.8% (p=0.019); for elbasvir/grazoprevir in subtype 1a, cr-RASs increased from 30.4% to 36.1% (p=0.018); In subtype 1b, neither ledipasvir/sofosbuvir nor elbasvir/grazoprevir showed any cr-RASs in the first phase, but both were present at a prevalence of 6.5% in the second phase (p<0.001); for sofosbuvir/velpatasvir in genotype 3, cr-RASs increased from 0.9% to 5.2% (p=0.006); and for glecaprevir/pibrentasvir, cr-RASs increased from 12.0% to 29.1% (p<0.001). Rising prevalence of HCV RASs and cr-RASs was discernible. This highlights the necessity for ongoing surveillance and adaptation of novel therapeutics to manage resistance effectively. Updating of the clinical guidelines and treatment regimens are recommended to counteract the evolving resistance to DAAs.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0718.v1

Nitrogen-enriched Carbon Nanotube Supported Palladium as a Catalyst for Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene and Reduction of Nitroarenes

José M. Sansano, Mohammad Gholinejad, Zeynab Elkhani, Sara Nayeri

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Carbon nanotubes; functionalization; epoxides; ionic liquid, pollutant elimination; catalysis

Online: 10 May 2024 (16:59:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1060.v2

Unveiling Hepatitis B and C Rates: Screening Program Results in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan, and Amongst Afghan Migrants

Azhar Saeed, Qazi Kamran Amin, Muhammad Naveed Anwar, Zaland Ahmed Yousafzai, Salman Khan, Rida Saeed, Muhammad Hassam Khan, Abdul Jalil Khan

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public, Environmental And Occupational Health Keywords: Pakistan; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Elimination; Prevalence; Screening; Refugees

Online: 7 March 2024 (09:36:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1230.v1

A Comparison of Beta-Phenyl elimination in Nickel and Palladium Alkyl Complexes, a Potentially Relevant Process in the Mizoroki-Heck Reaction

Jorge Albino López, Diego Alexandre Cabo, Pilar Palma, Juan Cámpora

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: beta-Carbon elimination; Olefin Insertion; Mizoroki-Heck Reaction; Nickel; Palladium

Online: 21 February 2024 (13:50:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0152.v1

Introduction of the Hepatitis B Vaccine - Birth Dose: Methods of Improving Rates in a Milieu of Vaccine Hesitancy

Shivon Belle Jarvis, Tessy Fenton-Lee, Celia D C Christie, Sinéad Small

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Antigua and Barbuda; hepatitis B; vaccination coverage; birth dose; elimination

Online: 2 November 2023 (09:57:25 CET)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1900.v1

Perforating Gout: Expanding the Differential for Transepidermal Elimination

Michal Bohdanowicz, Scott H Bradshaw

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pathology And Pathobiology Keywords: Gout; Tophus; Perforating Dermatosis; Transepidermal Elimination; Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia; Granulomatous Dermatitis

Online: 26 May 2023 (09:36:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.2081.v1

Technology for Production of Wheat Doubled Haploid via Maize Pollen Induction – an Updated Review

Xizhen Guan, Junhua Peng, Daolin Fu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: wheat; speed breeding; maize pollen induction; chromosome elimination; doubled haploid (DH)

Online: 30 January 2024 (06:12:53 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2261.v1

The Integral Role of Diet including Natural Products in Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis

Ayse Gunes-Bayir, Beyza Mendes, Agnes Dadak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: Rheumatoid Arthritis; Nutritional Approaches; Natural Products; Mediterranean Diet; Elimination Diet: Diets

Online: 31 May 2023 (14:22:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0429.v1

Gentzen’s “Cut Rule” and Quantum Measurement in Terms of Hilbert Arithmetic. Metaphor and Understanding Modeled Formally

Vasil Penchev

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Philosophy Keywords: cut-elimination; Hilbert arithmetic; metaphor; proposition; propositional logic; quantum meas-urement

Online: 28 July 2022 (06:27:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0496.v1

Risk Analysis of the Power System Protection Delayed Triggers in Power Network Integrating Renewable Energy Sources in Fault Dynamic States

Mateusz Szablicki, Piotr Rzepka, Adrian Halinka

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: power system protection; renewable energy sources; fault elimination; power system security

Online: 23 October 2020 (15:37:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0935.v1

Advancing Hepatitis C Elimination in Africa: Insights from Egypt

IZERE Salomon, Sibomana Olivier, Ndayambaje Egide

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Gastroenterology And Hepatology Keywords: Hepatitis C; Elimination; Africa; Egypt; Direct-acting antivirals; Policy insights; Hepatitis virus

Online: 15 March 2024 (14:40:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1591.v1

Chatter Detection in Simulated Machining Data: A Vibration-Driven Machine Learning Approach

Matthew Alberts, Jamie Coble, Jaydeep Karandikar, Anahita Khojandi, Tony Schmitz, And Sam St. John, Bradley Jared

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: random forest; machine learning; chatter; stability; recursive feature elimination simulation; additive manufacturing

Online: 24 November 2023 (09:21:01 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0761.v1

Seroprevalence and Genotype Diversity of Hepatitis C Virus in the Caribbean - A Review

Michelle Georgiana Brown, John Lindo, Kereann Nelson, Ivan Vickers, Cameil Wilson-Clarke, Gene Morse, Andrew Talal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Seroprevalence; genotype diversity; Caribbean; HCV elimination; Pan genotype treatment; high-risk population

Online: 23 April 2023 (04:14:36 CEST)

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INTRODUCTION There have been several advances in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection which have resulted in major reductions in the morbidity and mortality from liver-associated disease. These are not widely available in the Caribbean, due in part, to lack of knowledge of the epidemiology of infections with HCV. As efforts are made to eliminate HCV from the region, these and other existing barriers such as lack of an established database on HCV must be addressed. This review seeks to identify gaps in the knowledge of HCV in the Caribbean with respect to seroprevalence, genotype distribution and general epidemiologic characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature for the period January 1, 2005, to October 2022, was reviewed to gather country specific data on HCV across the Caribbean. References were identified through indexed journals accessed through established databases. The usage pattern of HCV drugs was determined from data obtained from Pharmacists and Infectious Diseases Specialists across the region. RESULTS The prevalence of HCV in the Caribbean was 1.5%; the region should therefore be considered an area of moderate prevalence. Notably, data from specific countries were limited. The prevalence of HCV among intravenous drug users (21.9-58.8%); persons living with HIV/AIDS (0.8 to 58.5%); prisoners (32.8-64%) and men who have sex with men (MSM) (0.8-6.9%) was generally higher than in the general population (0.8-2.3%). Genotype 1 (83% was most prevalent followed by genotypes 2 (7.2%) and 3(2.1%), respectively. Drugs currently being used for treatment of HCV infections across the Caribbean include Epclusa (Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir), and Harvoni (Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir). Some of these drugs, are only available in the private sector and are sourced externally whenever needed. CONCLUSION There is a paucity of current data on the seroprevalence of HCV in the Caribbean and well-designed prospective studies are indicated to drive the implementation of treatment and control programs for HCV in the region. Barriers which need to be first overcome include unavailability and high cost of drugs used to treat HCV infections, injecting drug use and limited access to medical care and laboratory testing.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0366.v1

Community Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Onchocerciasis in Rural Villages With a High Epilepsy Prevalence in Mahenge, Tanzania: A Qualitative Study

Dan K. Bhwana, Isolde S. Massawe, Adiel K. Mushi, Pendo Mashili, Luis-Jorge Amaral, Williams Makunde, Bruno P. Mmbando, Robert Colebunders

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine Keywords: onchocerciasis; community directed treatment with ivermectin; elimination; epilepsy; focus group discussions; misconceptions

Online: 25 July 2022 (09:27:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0039.v1

A Machine-Learning Based IoT System for Optimizing Nutrient Supply in Commercial Aquaponic Operations

Sambandh Bhusan Dhal, Kyle Jungbluth, Raymond Lin, Seyed Pouyan Sabahi, Muthukumar Bagavathiannan, Ulisses Braga-Neto, Stavros Kalafatis

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: aquaponic; pair-wise correlation matrix; XGBoost; Recursive Feature Elimination; ExtraTreesClassifier; median; closed loop

Online: 2 March 2022 (07:59:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0343.v1

Beta-elimination of Hyaluronate by Red King Crab Hyaluronidase

Dmitrii Sliadovskii, Tatyana Ponomareva, Maxim Molchanov, Irina Pozdnyakova-Filatova, Maria Timchenko, Oleg Gusev, Evgeny Sogorin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Hyaluronidase; Hyaluronic Acid; Hyaluronate; Eukaryota; Hepatopancreas; Transcriptome; Crustacea; Bacteria; beta-elimination; NMR

Online: 14 June 2021 (10:04:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0181.v1

Accelerated Gradient Descent Using Instance Eliminating Back Propagation

Farzad Hosseinali

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: Artificial Neural Networks; Gradient Descent; Back Propagation; Instance Elimination; Speed up; Batch Size

Online: 7 August 2020 (09:29:54 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0290.v1

SIL Modeling of Shunt Harmonics Active Filter

Shweta Dhiman, A. Gupta, J. Chandle

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: active harmonics filter; PQ theory; reactive power compensation; harmonics elimination; SIL; dSPACE- Targetlink

Online: 14 July 2020 (05:21:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0158.v1

The Logic of Pseudo-Uninorms and their Residua

SanMin Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Logic Keywords: Density elimination; Pseudo-uninorm logic; Standard completeness of HpsUL∗; Substructural logics; Fuzzy logic

Online: 18 February 2019 (10:42:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1831.v1

Study on Safety Tunneling Technology of Secondary Outburst Elimination by CO2 Gas Fracturing in High Outburst Coal Seam

Xu Zongwei, Zhang Junsheng, Cao Yunxing, Wang Zhenzhi, Zhang Xinsheng

Subject: Engineering, Mining And Mineral Processing Keywords: CO2 gas fracturing; Coal and gas outburst; Secondary outburst elimination; Safety mining; Tunneling technology

Online: 26 August 2024 (14:11:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0159.v1

Density Elimination for Semilinear Substructural Logics

SanMin Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Logic Keywords: Density elimination; Involutive uninorm logic; Standard completeness of IUL; Semilinear substructural logics; Fuzzy logic

Online: 18 February 2019 (10:44:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1318.v1

Cortical Organotypic Brain Slice Cultures to Examine Sex- and Age-Dependent Astrocyte-Mediated Synaptic Phagocytosis

Anastasiia Nagumanova, Lea R. Seeholzer, Barbara Di Benedetto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Organotypic brain slice culture; astrocyte; phagocytosis; synaptic elimination; prefrontal cortex; critical period; major depressive disorder

Online: 17 September 2024 (11:42:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0725.v1

HIV, HCV and HIV-HCV Coinfections in General Population versus Inmates from Romania

Camelia Sultana, Carmine Falanga, Grațiana Chicin, Laurențiu-Cristian Ion, Camelia Grancea, Daniela Chiriac, Adriana Iliescu, Andrea Gori

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: HIV; HCV; HIV-HCV coinfection; micro-elimination; inmates; IDUs; STDs; strong association

Online: 10 July 2024 (08:03:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0383.v1

Modelling Socioeconomic Determinants of Building Fires through Backward Elimination by Robust Final Prediction Error Criterion

Albertus Untadi, Lily D Li, Michael Li, Roland Dodd

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Probability And Statistics Keywords: Building fire; Socioeconomic determinants; South East Queensland; Predictive model; Forecasting; Backward elimination; Robust final predictor error

Online: 22 February 2023 (09:37:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0512.v1

Evidence On Viral Suppression Supports Scaling-Up Transition To Dolutegravir-Based Regimens In Pediatric Populations In Cameroon: A Multicentre Baseline Assessment For The Cipher-Adola Study

Joseph FOKAM, Yagai Bouba, Rogers Awoh Ajeh, Dominik Tameza Guebiapsi, Suzane Essamba, Albert Franck Zeh Meka, Ebiama Lifanda, Rose Armelle Ada, Yakouba Liman, Nancy Barbara Mbengono, Audrey Raissa Dzaddi Djomo, Suzie Ndiang Tetang, Samuel Martin Sosso, Jocelyne Carmen Babodo, Olivia Francette Ndomo Ambomo, Edith Michele Temgoua, Caroline Medouane, Sabine Ndejo Atsinkou, Justin Leonel Mvogo, Roger Martin Onana, Jean de Dieu Anoubissi, Alice Ketchaji, Alex Durand Nka, Davy-Hyacinthe Anguechia Gouissi, Aude Christelle Ka’e, Nadine Nguendjoung Fainguem, Rachel Simo Kamgaing, Désiré Augustin Komego Takou, Michel Carlos Tommo Tchouaket, Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue, Marie Atsama Amougou, Julius Nwobegahay, Comfort Vuchas, Anna Nya Nsimen, Bertrand Bille Eyoum, Sandra kenmegne Gatchuessi, Francis Ndongo Ateba, Daniel Kesseng, Serge Clotaire Billong, Daniele Armenia, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Paul Ndombo Koki, Hadja Cherif Hamsatou, Vittorio Colizzi, Alexis Ndjolo, Carlo Federico Perno, Anne-Cécile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Virological suppression; low level viremia; children, adolescents, and young-adults; DTG-based regimen; elimination of paediatric AIDS; Cameroon.

Online: 5 July 2024 (12:31:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1222.v1

Effectiveness of Chemical Sanitizers Against Salmonella Typhimurium in Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) Hydroponic Systems: Implications for Food Safety, Crop Quality, and Nutrient Content in Leafy Greens

Abigail A. Mensah, Melanie L. Lewis Ivey, Margaret R. Moodispaw, Sanja Ilic

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: sanitizer; nutrient solution; nutrient film technique; food safety; hydroponics; Salmonella Typhimurium.; plant health and quality; pathogen elimination; SaniDate 12.0, nutritional value.

Online: 20 May 2024 (09:51:12 CEST)

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Hydroponic farming systems play an increasingly important role in the sustainable production of nutrient-rich foods. The contamination of surfaces in hydroponic fresh produce production poses risks to the food safety of crops, potentially endangering public health and causing economic losses in the industry. While sanitizers are widely used in commercial hydroponic farms, their effectiveness against human pathogens on surfaces, and their impact on plant health and quality are not known. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of chemical sanitizers in eliminating Salmonella Typhimurium from inanimate surfaces in commercial hydroponic Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) systems. Further, we assessed the impact of sanitizers on the yield, quality, and nutritional value of lettuce and basil. Sanitizers (Virkon, LanXess; Sanitate 12.0, Bi-oSafe Systems; Kleen Grow, Pace Chemical Ltd.; Green Shield, United Labs Inc.; Zerotol, BioSafe Systems; Bleach, Pure Bright), were tested against Salmonella Typhimurium inoculated on NFT surfaces (nutrient reservoirs, growing channels, top covers, drain lines). The effective treatments were then tested for their impact on lettuce and basil in a split-plot experiment conducted in commercial NFT units. Crop yield, color, and nutrient content were measured throughout the crop life cycle. While all quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC), SaniDate 12.0 (200ppm), Zorotol (5%), and Virkon (1%) eliminated Salmonella Typhimurium from commercial NFT surfaces, chlorine-based sanitizer treatments were statistically similar to water treatments on most surfaces. All chemical sanitizers impacted the yield, color, and nutritional value of lettuce and basil. SaniDate 12.0 (200ppm) was the least detrimental to crops and was identified as a potential candidate for further validation in commercial hydroponic settings. The findings of this study will be translated into recommendations for the industry and will contribute to the development of future food safety guidelines and policies.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0294.v1

Threats of Contamination of Drinking Water Sources and Preventive Enhancement of Protection Efforts of these Sources in the Case Study of the Czech Republic

Štěpán Kavan, Šárka Kročová, Milan Axman

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: aquatic ecosystem; drinking water source; water supply system; contamination of drinking water sources; risks definition; risk analysis methods; threat elimination; pollution

Online: 6 March 2024 (11:01:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0092.v1

An Extremely Efficient Boundary Element Method for Wave Interaction with Long Cylindrical Structures Based on Free-Surface Green’s Function

Yingyi Liu, Ying Gou, Bin Teng

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: long cylindrical structure; free-surface Green function; higher-order boundary element method; multipole expansion; singularity elimination; Gauss-Kronrod; numerical quadrature; OpenMP parallelization

Online: 9 August 2016 (10:50:40 CEST)

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