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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1250.v1

Xiaowei Liu, Carmen De Jong

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Low flow; Hydrological drought identification; Low mountain catchment

Online: 18 April 2024 (13:57:38 CEST)

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Climate change is increasing air temperatures and altering the precipitation and hydrological re-gime on a global scale. Challenges arise when assessing the impacts of climate change on the local scale for water resources management proposes, especially for low mountain headwater catch-ments that not only serve as important water towers for local communities, but also have distinct hydrological characteristics. Until now, no low flow or hydrological drought studies have been carried out on the Lauter River. This study is unique in that it compares the Lauter River, a transboundary Rhine tributary with a nearby station on the River Rhine just below its confluence at the French-German border. The Lauter catchment is a mostly natural, forested catchment, however, its water course has been influenced by past and present cultural activities. Climate change disturbances cascade through the hydrologic regime right down to the local scale. As we are expecting more low flow events, the decrease in water availability could cause conflicts be-tween different water user groups in the Lauter catchment. However, the choice of different methods for identifying low flow periods may cause confusion for local water resources manag-ers. Using flow rate time series of the Lauter River between 1956 and 2022 we compare for the first time three low flow identification methods: the variable threshold method (VT), the fixed threshold method (FT), and the Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI). Similar analyses are applied and compared to the adjacent Maxau station on the Rhine River for the same time period. This study aims at 1) interpreting the differences amongst the various low flow identification methods and 2) revealing the differences in low flow characteristics of the Lauter catchment compared to the Rhine River. It appears that the FT reacts faster to direct climate or anthropogenic impacts whereas VT is more sensitive to indirect factors such as decreasing subsurface flow which is typical for small headwater catchments, such as the Lauter where flow dynamics react faster to flow disturbances. Abnormally low flow during the early Spring in tributaries such as the Lauter can help predict low flow conditions of the Rhine River during the following half year and espe-cially for the summer. The results could facilitate Early Warning of hydrological droughts and drought management for water users in the Lauter catchment and further downstream along some of the Rhine.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1189.v1

Research on The Heat Transfer Model of Double U-pipe Ground Heat Exchanger Based on In-Situ Testing

Ruifeng Wang, Mingchuan Shi, Jun Yu, Wei Ren, Guohong Yan, Ke Zhu, Zhiqiang Yin, Shujie Gao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: In-situ testing; Double U-pipe ground heat exchanger; Heat transfer model; Shallow geothermal energy

Online: 18 April 2024 (11:06:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1143.v1

3D Prospectivity Modeling of the Nibao Carlin-Type Gold Deposit, China: Insights into Mineralization Localization and Gold Exploration

Hui Guo, Xiancheng Mao, Juexuan Huang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Spatial Analysis; Mineral Prospectivity Modeling; Carlin-type Gold Deposit; Nibao Gold Deposit

Online: 17 April 2024 (12:36:10 CEST)

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Existing research indicates that mineralization of Carlin-type gold deposit is related to geological structures, but current studies mostly focus on the qualitative association, and lack quantitative analysis of the relationship between mineralization and structural features, which limits the potential for predictive mineral exploration. In this study, the Nibao Carlin-type gold deposit was selected as the research area to conduct three-dimensional geological modeling, spatial analysis, and three-dimensional prospectivity modeling. Spatial analysis revealed that the majority of gold ore bodies are situated near the main fault, with gold mineralization primarily occurring within a spatial range of approximately -80 meters to 20 meters from the main fault plane. This spatial distribution predominantly aligns in a SW-NE direction. Spatial characteristic extraction of fault slope indicators suggests that the slope angles are conducive to the migration and accumulation of ore-forming hydrothermal fluids, with ore body metal content rapidly increasing within an angle range of approximately 20° to 60°. The shape analysis of the mainfault indicates that the principal spaces of mineralization enrichment are within -10m to 20m of the fault plane undulations, where gold resources are concentrated in a relatively flat area. However, the degree of mineralization is more pronounced in the protruding sections than in the depressed areas. The areas with significant dip changes in faults display higher variations in orebody attitudes, with mineralization noticeably weaker in areas where the fault steepness changes markedly. Ore-bearing units exhibit significantly higher grades within the -17° to 3° interval of fault steepness transition. This interval also sees a rapid accumulation of gold resources. The Nibao gold mine's mineralization is derived from deep, ore-bearing hydrothermal fluids ascending along major fractures, precipitating, and accumulating in favorable ore-hosting spaces (faults, anticline cores) and lithological combinations (sedimentary tuffs, tuffs). Three deep potential gold targets were identified, highlighting the deep western edge of the F1 fault and the deep southeast-trending lower plate as prospective areas for future exploration. This study underscores the effectiveness of 3D prospective modeling as an indispensable tool for elucidating the spatial distribution of fault-controlled Carlin-type gold deposits and their tectonic determinants.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1120.v1

Geology and Metallogeny of Shu-Ile Ore Zone Intrusive Complexes (Kazakhstan)

Adilkhan B. Baibatsha, Yuriy V. Vyazovetsky, Maxat K. Kembayev, Sayat E. Rais, Gulzada M. Koishina, Aibolat N. Talgatbek

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Kazakhstan tectonics; Shu-Ile belt; intrusive complexes; metallogeny Jalaiyr-Naiman suture

Online: 17 April 2024 (08:20:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0624.v1

Rock Particle Segmentation Using Mask R-CNN

Fiyinfoba Ogunkeye, Liqun Shan, Xiali Hei

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: rock segmentation; Mask R-CNN; Detectron2; instance segmentation; deep learning

Online: 9 April 2024 (07:12:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0390.v1

Supervised Statistical Optimization of Interfaced Geophysical–Geotechnical Datasets for Holistic Surface–Subsurface Modeling

Adedibu Sunny Akingboye, Andy Anderson Bery, Muslim Babatunde Aminu, Mbuotidem David Dick, Gabriel Abraham Bala, Temitayo Olamide Ale

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Geophysical– geotechnical modeling; regression statistics; surface– subsurface characterization; soil-rock mapping, environmental studies; Penang Malaysia

Online: 4 April 2024 (17:47:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1750.v1

A Long-Term Sequence in Southern Carpathians (Romania): Seismicity Characterization

Andreea Chircea, Mircea Radulian, Bogdan Enescu, Mihaela Popa, Raluca Dinescu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: intra-continental seismicity, Southern Carpathians (Romania), earthquake sequence, seismicity pattern, JHD location

Online: 28 March 2024 (10:38:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1621.v1

Meteoritic Matter and Spherules in a Presumed Impact Crater at Emmerting, Germany

Václav Procházka, Pavel Kalenda, Petr Martinec, Jiří Mizera, Lenka Thinová, Tomáš Trojek, Günther Kletetschka, Richard Štorc, Jan Adámek, Pavel Švanda

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: impact crater; meteorite; enstatite; Mg-rich glass; Fe oxide spherules

Online: 26 March 2024 (16:34:45 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1588.v1

A Systematic Review of the Application of GOCI to Water Quality Monitoring of Inland and Coastal Waters

Shidi Shao, Yu Wang, Ge Liu, Kaishan Song

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: GOCI; inland and coastal waters; atmospheric correction; algal blooms; water quality parameters

Online: 26 March 2024 (11:35:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1373.v1

Comparison of Melting-Affected Rocks from Presumed Small Impact Craters and Old Limekilns in Bavaria, Germany

Václav Procházka, Horst Herrmann, Pavel Kalenda, Petr Martinec, Jiří Mizera, Tomáš Trojek, Lenka Thinová, Gunther Kletetschka, Jan Adámek, Kamil Souček

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: limekiln; impact crater; glass formation; thermoplastic deformation

Online: 22 March 2024 (11:39:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1298.v1

Modelling and Validation of the Derna Dam Break Event

Alessandro Annunziato, Marzia Santini, Chiara Proietti, Valerio Lorini, Andrea Gerhardinger, Michele Tucci

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Dam; Dam Breach; Flooding; Modelling; Early Warning Systems; Digital Elevation Model; Popu-lation Density; Remote Sensing

Online: 22 March 2024 (09:38:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1331.v1

Gold Deposits Related to the Island Arc Formations and Ophiolitic Complexes of Eastern Cuba: A Review

Jorge L. Costafreda, Domingo A. Martín, Jorge L. Costafreda-Velázquez, José Luis Parra

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: ophiolites; island arc; serpentinization; listvenitization; rodingitization; propylitization; gold; sulfides

Online: 22 March 2024 (05:14:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0961.v1

From Clastics to Carbonates and Black Shales: Deciphering Sedimentary Continuity and Discontinuity in the Devonian Landscape of the Volga-Ural Petroleum Province

Vladimir V. Silantiev, Dinara N. Miftakhutdinova, Nouria G. Nurgalieva

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Volga-Ural Petroleum Province, Devonian, black shales, carbonates, clastic, sedimentation, rate, environments

Online: 18 March 2024 (09:00:44 CET)

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Analyses of the three predominant types of sedimentation – clastic, carbonate and black shale – revealed their discontinuity/continuity in different facies environments of the Middle and Late Devonian of the central part of the Volga-Urals petroleum province, namely (1) in depressions, both condensed and non-condensed, (2) on the slopes of depressions and (3) in shallow water environments represented by tectonic arches or localised biohermal uplifts. The regional zonation of conodonts, correlated with the global chronostratigraphic scheme, substantiates the stratigraphic completeness of the general Devonian sequence in this area. In particular, the sedimentation of organic-rich black shales, traditionally considered as source rocks, lasted more than 29 million years, starting from the Late Eifel and ending at the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary. There was only one hiatus in the deposition of both black shales and carbonate sediments, lasting about 2.5 million years at the end of the Frasnian. That interval is dominated by clastic sediments, which are considered to be the most productive reservoirs of the Volga-Ural province. In the time interval from the beginning of the Eifel to the end of the Frasnian (about 17 Ma), (a) clastic sediments show the highest accumulation rates; (b) the most complete sequences occur in depressions; and (c) arches and uplifts show the most significant gaps in the geological record. During Famennian, (a) clastic sedimentation has completely ceased; (b) differences between the slopes of troughs and shallow-water environments have diminished, resulting in stable accumulation of carbonate sediments in both settings; (c) the decrease in sequence thickness (up to 50 m) in depressions suggests reduced accumulation rates of deep-water organic-rich black shales. The results help to understand the complex spatial relationship between different coexisting sedimentation types and focus attention to the incompleteness of the geological record in different environments.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0941.v1

On a New Theory of Climate Interference for MISs and Glacial Terminations from Antarctica Ice-core Records. 1: Interference Model

Paolo Viaggi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Antarctica; EPICA; Physical interference; Glacial stage; Interglacial stage; Stadial; Interstadial; Termination; Saw-tooth shape

Online: 15 March 2024 (16:50:47 CET)

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Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0677.v1

Response of a Triangular Hill Joined with a Semicircular Alluvial Valley under Incident SH Waves

Guangzheng Wang, Jianze Liu, Zhuang Wang, Yang Li, Xuefeng Zhang, Fazhan Yang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: SH-waves; triangular hill; semicircular alluvial valley; complex function

Online: 12 March 2024 (08:05:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0570.v1

Earthquake-Induced Landslides in Italy: Evaluation of the Triggering Potential Based on Seismic Hazard

Sina Azhideh, Simone Barani, Gabriele Ferretti, Davide Scafidi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: earthquake-induced landslides; landslide triggering; seismic hazard; hazard disaggregation; triggering probability.

Online: 11 March 2024 (17:47:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1481.v1

The Ballynoe Stratiform Barite Deposit, Silvermines, County Tipperary, Ireland

Colin J. Andrew

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Stratiform, Lower Carboniferous, barite, Silvermines District, exhalation.

Online: 26 February 2024 (14:54:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1438.v1

Convolutional Neural Networks Applied to Antimony Quantification via Reflectance Spectroscopy Using Soils from Northern Portugal: Opportunities and Challenges

Morgana Carvalho, Joana Cardoso-Fernandes, Alexandre Lima, Ana Caudia Teodoro

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Antimony; exploration; reflectance spectroscopy; soil analysis; critical raw materials; deep learning; geology

Online: 26 February 2024 (11:43:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1246.v1

Water-Bearing Complexes and Fault Breccia Aquifers of the Sanaga Valley Fault System: New Insight from Outcrops, Wells, and Geophysics Data

MBIDA YEM Lionel, RIBODETTI Alessandra, YÉNÉ ATANGANA Joseph Quentin Yene, LEBOURG Thomas, NDJIGUI Désiré, NDAM NJIKAM Mohamed Moustapha

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Electrical resistivity tomography; Precambrian fault belt; Sanaga River Valley; low-grade metamorphic rocks; fault breccia aquifers

Online: 22 February 2024 (12:39:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1243.v1

Based on the Periodic Dynamic of Water Level in Well BB to Es-Timate the Time Series Changes of Aquifer Parameters

Peng Qiao, Shuangshuang Lan, Hongbiao Gu, Zhengtan Mao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Tidal response; Hydraulic characteristics; Transmissivity; Leakage coefficient

Online: 22 February 2024 (07:16:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1066.v1

All-in-One Cost-Efficient Geodetic Station with Real-Time Transmission for Geodynamics Applications

Maurin Vidal, Paul Jarrin, Lucie M. Rolland, Jean Mathieu Nocquet, Mathilde Vergnolle, Pierre Sakic

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: low-cost; GNSS; crustal deformation; geodynamics

Online: 19 February 2024 (15:29:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0546.v1

Chemical Composition and Coloration Genesis of Black - Black Cyan Nephrite from Margou Deposit, Qiemo county, Xinjiang, China

Ting Fang, Mingxing Yang, Yuan Chang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Nephrite; Chemical Composition; Coloration Genesis

Online: 9 February 2024 (10:52:27 CET)

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The nephrite belt in Altun Mountain-Western Kunlun Mountain region spanning approximately 1300 km in Xinjiang, NW China, constituting the world's largest preeminent nephrite deposit. The Qiemo region in the Altun Mountain is a crucial nephrite-producing area in China with demonstrating substantial prospects for future explorationl. While extant research has extensively study on secondary deposits in the Karakash River and native black nephrite deposits in Guangxi Dahua, a lacuna exists in the comprehensive investigation of black nephrite from original deposits in Xinjiang. Margou nephrite represents a recent discovery of black-toned nephrite deposits in Qiemo County, Xinjiang, warranting a comprehensive investigation into this primary source of black nephrite within the region. This scholarly inquiry deploys a suite of sophisticated analytical techniques, encompassing Polarizing microscope, electric microprobe, Backscattered Electron Image, X-ray Fluorescence, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. The rigorous experimental test is dedicated to elucidating the chemical and mineralogical composition, and further clarify the type of its genetic types of black-black cyan nephrite from Margou deposit in Qiemo, Xinjiang. Results delineate the mainly composed of tremolite-actinolite, characterized by Mg/(Mg + Fe2+) ratios ranging from 0.86 to 1.0. Minor minerals include diopside, epidote, pargasite, apatite, zircon, pyrite and iron hydroxide. Bulk-rock rare earth element patterns exhibit distinctive features such as negative Eu anomalies (δEu=0.00~0.17), decreasing light rare earth elements, a relatively flat distribution of heavy rare earth elements, and low with total REE concentrations (1.64~38.9 μg/g), concurrently, the Cr (6~21 μg/g) and Ni (2.5~4.5 μg/g) contents are conspicuously low. The magmatic influence of granite emerges as pivotal factor in the genesis of magnesia skarn hosting the Margou nephrite. The distinctive black-black cyan colour is attributed to heightened iron content, mainly associated with FeO (0.08~6.29%). The discerned chemical composition characteristics posit the Margou nephrite as an exemplar of the magnesia skarn-type nephrite deposit.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0266.v1

Study on the Water Source for Filling the Weak Rich (Conductive) Water Aquifer in the Changxing Formation Limestone of Coal Seam Roof

Xianzhi Shi, Guosheng XU, Shuyun ZHu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Changxing Formation limestone; weak (conductive) aquifer; mine water source for filling; atmospheric precipitation

Online: 6 February 2024 (03:49:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1961.v1

Transient Electromagnetic Monitoring of Permafrost:mathematical Modeling Based on Sumudu Integral Transformand Artificial Neural Networks

Viacheslav Glinskikh, Oleg Nechaev, Igor Mikhaylov, Marina Nikitenko, Kirill Danilovskiy

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: permafrost; TEM monitoring; cross-borehole exploration; Subudu transform; vector finite element method; artificial neural networks; geoelectric model; numerical modeling

Online: 29 January 2024 (04:11:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0173.v3

The Dynamic Structural-Material Complexes of the Earth’s Crust

Аркадий Копылов

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Lithosphere, earth's crust, geological formations, structural and material complexes, composition, structure, self-organization, polycyclic development

Online: 24 January 2024 (10:16:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1471.v1

Foraminiferal and Palynological Record of an Abrupt Environmental Change at the Badenian/Sarmatian Boundary (Middle Miocene): A Case Study in Northeastern Central Paratethys

Danuta Peryt, Przemysław Gedl, Elżbieta Worobiec, Grzegorz Worobiec, Tadeusz Marek Peryt

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Foraminifers; palynofacies; dinocysts; pollen and spores; Miocene; Central Paratethys; Carpathian Foredeep; Poland

Online: 19 January 2024 (07:50:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1361.v1

Radon as Environment Diagnostic Tool and Global Electric Circuit Component

Sergey Pulinets, Irina Mironova, Petr Miklyaev, Tatiana Petrova, Alexander Shitov, Arseniy Karagodin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: radon; air ionization; global electric circuit; gamma spectrometer

Online: 18 January 2024 (10:30:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1259.v1

Reservoir Heterogeneity in the Fluvio-Deltaic Deposits: A Case Study from the Surma Group Succession Exposed in the North-Eastern Surma Basin, Bangladesh

Md. Mostafizur Rahman

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: facies analysis; fluvio-deltaic deposits; heterogeneity; hydrocarbon reservoir; Surma Group

Online: 17 January 2024 (11:14:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1034.v1

Advancements in Drone-Based (UAV) Ground Penetrating Radar for Accurate Boundary Mapping between Disturbed Clayey Soil and Natural Rock

Michael Frid, Vladimir Frid

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: ground penetrating radar; drone technology; geophysical prospecting; civil engineering

Online: 14 January 2024 (15:46:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0971.v1

Multifractal Aspects of Earth's Climate History

Frits Agterberg

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Multifractals; Earth’ s climate history; hottest and coldest days; Pareto-lognormal frequency distribution; Anthropocene; Devonian

Online: 12 January 2024 (09:58:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0739.v1

Measurements of the Effective-Stress Coefficient for Elastic Moduli of Sandstone in Quasi-static Regime Using Semiconductor Strain Gauges

Vassily Mikhaltsevitch, Maxim Lebedev

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: strain gauges; elastic properties; wave propagation; seismic frequency

Online: 10 January 2024 (08:56:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0748.v1

Study of the Multi-Critical Parameters Characterizing the Instability Behavior of Translational Rockslides Considering the Excavation

ShenHai Liu, Liang Yang, Mengyao Wang, Ming Shen, Yifan Sheng

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: translational rockslides; instability behavior; instability length; movement distance; excavation

Online: 9 January 2024 (15:56:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0529.v1

Hydrocarbon Reservoir Characterization in the Challenging Structural Setting of Southern Gulf of Suez: Synergistic Approach of Well Log Analyses and 2D Seismic Data Interpretation

Mohamed Reda, Taher Mostafa, Abdelmoneam Raef, Mohamed Fathy, Fahad Alshehri, Mohamed Ahmed

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: seismic interpretation; well-log analysis; 3D structural model; Miocene reservoir modeling; Ras Ghara oil field; prospect evaluation

Online: 8 January 2024 (11:16:14 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0522.v1

Hands-on Approach to Foster Paludiculture Implementation and Carbon Certification on Extracted Peatland in Latvia

Normunds Stivrins, Jānis Bikše, Jurijs Jeskins, Ilze Ozola

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: peat; CO2; CH4; rewetting; GEST; hydrogeology; photogrammetry.

Online: 8 January 2024 (09:59:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0037.v1

The Lac Fallère Area as an Example of the Interplay between Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope Deformation and Glacial Shaping (Aosta Valley, NW Italy)

Stefano Dolce, Maria Gabriella Forno, Marco Gattiglio, Franco Gianotti

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Aosta Valley; glacial shaping; DSGSD; LGM; Lateglacial ;

Online: 3 January 2024 (10:09:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2275.v1

Groundwater Hydraulics in Increased Spring Discharge Following Earthquakes: Some Applications and Considerations

Eugenio Sanz Pérez, Juan Carlos Mosquera-Feijóo, Joaquín Sanz de Ojeda, Pablo Rosas-Rodrigo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Earthquakes and water; spring hydraulics; increased spring discharge; spring excess discharge estimation; earthquake-induced spring-released water

Online: 29 December 2023 (13:13:15 CET)

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Earthquakes often entail alterations in the groundwater flow regime, in the phreatic level, in the surge and loss of springs, and discharge in brooks and springs. As for the latter, there are diverse feasible mechanisms, so there is a variety of theoretical approaches to elucidate the post-earthquake effects on spring discharge. This study adopts a conceptual approach, primarily presenting various methods for estimating water released by earthquakes by calculating discharge surpluses in springs. This study delves into refined techniques rooted in groundwater hydraulics, displaying applications of analytical and simulation methodologies to quantify seismic-induced groundwater discharge in springs. Investigating springs as natural indicators, this research applies mathematical precipitation-runoff models, specifically the CREC model, for simulating hydrographs in post-earthquake scenarios. We apply analytical procedures or mathematical simulation techniques employed in groundwater hydraulics for natural aquifer recharge calculations. Firstly, we briefly describe the methods based on the analysis of depletion curves of hydrographs in spring discharge. Additionally, certain mathematical rainfall-runoff models utilized in simulating hydrographs of karstic springs, along with derived analytical approximations, are adapted for this scenario. These hydraulic calculations involve the depletion coefficient and hydrodynamic volumes of aquifers, parameters that reveal certain aspects of the relation between groundwater and earthquakes, such as: a) Acknowledging faults as the primary geological structures in transmitting pore pressures due to earthquakes. b) Clarifying mechanisms of permeability enhancement during earthquakes. c) Highlighting the substantial volumes in motion within the Earth's interior, which, for instance, could constitute a significant source for the origin of mineral deposits. The findings highlight diverse features of the complex interplay between hydrogeological and tectonic processes at challenging spatial and temporal scales.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2161.v1

Global Historical Megatsunamis Catalog (GHMCat)

Mercedes Ferrer, Luis I. González-de-Vallejo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: megatsunamis; Tsunami catalog; historical megatsunami catalog; Alaska Tsunamis; Norway Tsunamis

Online: 28 December 2023 (10:20:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2015.v1

Prediction Method of the Distribution of the Effective Dominant Path of Sand Body Transporting Oil and Gas and Its Application

Yong Chen, Yaxiong Zhang, Yachun Wang, Yinghua Yu, Yunfeng Zhang, Hongqi Yuan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: sand body; transporting oil and gas; effective dominant path; distribution prediction

Online: 27 December 2023 (03:01:37 CET)

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To study the oil and gas distribution law in the slope area of the hydrocarbon-bearing basin, the distribution of the effective dominant path of sand bodies transporting oil and gas is a fundamental subject. In this paper, we introduced an effective way to predict such transport paths and applied the method to study the sand bodies of the lower first member of the Shahejie Formation (E3s1L) in the southern area of the Qikou Depression in the Bohai Bay Basin (Qinan). We first define the dominant hydrocarbon transport paths of the sand body as the superimposed area of the contiguously distributed area of the sand body and the paleotectonic ridges at the top of the formation where the sand body is located. Then we define the oil and gas supply area of the oil source fault as the overlapped area of the favorable transport path of oil source faults and the width of the associated fracture zone. Stacking the two areas, we can delineate the distribution of the effective dominant transport paths of the sand bodies. The results from our case study of the Qinan area show that the effective dominant paths of sand bodies transporting oil and gas in the E3s1L Formation in the Qinan area are distributed throughout the region with better development in the west than in the east. The paths in the eastern part extend from north to south, while the paths in the western part extend from northeast to southwest, which is favorable for the convergence of oil and gas generated from the source rocks of the third member of Shahejie Formation (Es3) in the Northeastern main depression of Qikou and the formation of oil and gas accumulations in the l E3s1L Formation. The results are consistent with the fact that oil and gas discovered in the E3s1L Formation in the Qinan region are mainly distributed in the central and western regions, with a small amount in the southeast. Therefore, the suggested method is feasible to predict the effective dominant path of sand bodies transporting oil and gas.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1793.v1

Geological and Geochemical Characterization of Variscan Pegmatites in the Sidi Bou Othmane District, Central Jebilet Province, Morocco: Insights about Their Potential as a Source of Raw Materials

Amina Wafik, Nouamane El Aouad, Youssef Daafi, Yousra Morsli, Marouane Chniouar, Rosalda Punturo, Aida Maria Conte, Daniela Guglietta, Wissale Aba Sidi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Central Jebilet; Sidi Bou Othmane; Pegmatite dykes; syn-collision; S-granite

Online: 25 December 2023 (05:26:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1742.v1

Sedimentary Processes and Instability on the Mississippi River Delta Front near the Shipwreck of the SS Virginia

Nathan Figueredo, Sam Bentley, Jason Chaytor, Kehui Xu, Navid Jafari, Ioannis Y. Georgiou, Melanie Damour, Jeffrey Duxbury, Jeffrey Obelcz, Jillian Maloney

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Mississippi River Delta; Sediment Deposition; Fine-grained sediment transport; Sedimentary fabric; Sediment gravity flow; Slope Stability

Online: 22 December 2023 (12:29:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1696.v1

Structural Geological Interpretation of Settlement Patterns of Red Wood Ants (Formica rufa group) in Southwest Germany between the Black Forest and the Swabian Alb

LOTHAR MARESCH, ULRICH SCHREIBER

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Formica site conditions; Albstadt shear zone; CO2/CH4 gas isotopes; methane sources; recent tectonics Southwest Germany ;

Online: 22 December 2023 (09:48:04 CET)

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Based on the theory that certain geological fault zones surpass the influence of other abiotic and biotic site factors for mound-building red wood ants (Formica rufa group), an area northwest of Tuttlingen with extremely high ant density was systematically surveyed, taking into account official geological maps. Indicators of active fault zones were recorded. These were additionally examined in a model area using a high-resolution digital terrain model (DTM 1-meter). The study area is located in the Swabian Jura at the western edge of the Albstadt shear zone, where recent seismic activity is documented by frequent earthquakes. The earthquakes are considered to be the cause of gas permeability in the strike-slip faults, around which the clustered nesting sites were mapped. More than 2900 nests of the Formica rufa group were mapped and their site conditions analysed in different geomorphological positions. In addition to recording forestry site conditions, a geological classification was carried out, as well as an analysis of soil gases/mofettes in areas with the highest nest densities. The correlation between forestry data and nest sites did not reveal a consistent pattern. In contrast, the relationships with gas-permeable strike-slip faults, though predominantly covered with Quaternary sediments, could be identified through CO₂- and CH₄-rich gas emissions, mofettes, and doline features. The interpretations were complicated due to different mapping ages and signatures of the geological maps. Fortunately, this issue could be analysed and evaluated in a sub-area with mappings from 1936/71 and 1995 regarding presumed or confirmed fault trajectories. New insights were gained regarding the relationships between Formica nest sites, gas-permeable faults, and groundwater levels on narrow mountain ridges with steep relief. Here, the lateral emission of CO₂ depends on the groundwater level and does not occur vertically directly above the fault. C- and H-isotope data of CO₂ and CH₄ do not show a consistent source. While methane is mainly derived from biological production by Archaea in the upper crust and in swamp areas, CO₂ mostly originates from the mantle. The results of the investigations revealed that a multitude of geological and ecological factors must be considered for the interpretation of the occurrences of Formica sites northwest of Tuttlingen. These factors confer a distinct originality to this region, contributing not only to an enhanced understanding of site conditions but also furnishing information regarding environmentally relevant gas emissions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1451.v1

When the Past Teaches the Future: Earthquake and Tsunami Risk Reduction Through Episodes of Situated Learning (ESL)

Giovanna Lucia Piangiamore, Alessandra Maramai

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Episodes of Situated Learning (ESL); active learning; critical thinking; prevention; natural risk preparedness; damage; earthquake; tsunami; seismic risk reduction; education

Online: 19 December 2023 (14:03:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1236.v1

The Discovery of the Cross “十” Shape Ocean-Plate Whirlpool of Double Whirl Arms of the Planet Earth

Henghua Yan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Cross “ 十” shape Ocean-Plate Whirlpool; double whirl arms; Hint Black Hole (HBH); Anthropocene; the planet Mars; supercontinent; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; golden law of geometrical; progression of ladder pagoda

Online: 18 December 2023 (08:33:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1005.v1

Study of the Interaction of a Hydraulic Fracture with a Natural Fracture in Laboratory Experiment Based on Ultrasonic Transmission Monitoring

Evgeny V. Zenchenko, Sergey B. Turuntaev, Victor A. Nachev, Tikhon K. Chumakov, Petr E. Zenchenko

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Hydraulic fracturing; hydraulic fracture; fracture interaction; acoustic monitoring; ultrasound

Online: 13 December 2023 (14:29:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0976.v1

A High-Resolution Aftershock Catalog for the 2014 Ms6.5 Ludian (China) Earthquake Using Deep Learning Methods

Jun Li, Ming Hao, Zijian Cui

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: deep learning; 2014 Ludian earthquake; aftershocks catalog ; ;

Online: 13 December 2023 (11:31:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0087.v1

Linking the Neoproterozoic to Early Paleozoic Belts Bordering the West African and Amazonian Cratons

Michel Villeneuve, Camille Rossignol

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: West African fold belts; Brazilian belts; Neoproterozoic orogens; Early Paleozoic; Gondwana; Correlations

Online: 1 December 2023 (13:26:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1942.v1

Spatiotemporal Variation and Long-Range Correlation of Groundwater Level in Odessa, Ukraine

Dzhema Melkonyan, Sherin Sugathan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Geostatistical methods; Groundwater level fluctuation; Hurst exponent spatiotemporal distribution; Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis

Online: 30 November 2023 (10:46:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1569.v1

Experimental and Numerical Study of the Effect of Carbonate Rock Dissolution on Absolute Permeability of 408 Heterogeneous and Naturally Fractured Samples

Zhibek K. Akasheva, Bakytzhan K. Assilbekov, Darezhat A. Bolysbek, Berik A. Iskakov, Kenbai Sh. Uzbekaliyev, Gani I. Issayev

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Absolute permeability; pore-scale modeling; percolation threshold porosity; dissolution; power law; X-ray microcomputed tomography

Online: 24 November 2023 (11:27:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1504.v1

Detection of Annual Coastal Boulder Mobility From 2017–2021 Remote Sensing Imagery (Gulf of Taranto, Mediterranean Sea) and Relation With Marine Weather Conditions

Marco Delle Rose

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: multi-temporal images; position change detection; visual interpretation; Ionian Sea; Apulia region; storm Detlef

Online: 23 November 2023 (09:54:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1292.v1

Radioisotopic U-pb Dating of the Kolchugino Group Basement (Kuznetsk Coal Basin, Siberia): Was the Change of Early-Middle Permian Floras Simultaneous at Different Latitudes in Angaraland?

Vladimir Vladimirovich Silantiev, Yaroslav Mikhailovich Gutak, Marion Tichomirowa, Alexandra Käßner, Ruslan Vladimirovich Kutygin, Lyubov Georgievna Porokhovnichenko, Eugeny Vladimirovich Karasev, Anastasia Sergeevna Felker, Aleksandr Sergeevich Bakaev, Maria Alekseevna Naumcheva, Milyausha Nazimovna Urazaeva, Veronika Vladimirovna Zharinova

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Kuznetsk Basin; Permian; ash bed; U-PB dating; Geochronology; Biostratigraphy; Angaraland

Online: 21 November 2023 (10:40:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1238.v1

Seismic Velocity Inverse via Physics Embedded RNN

Cai Lu, Chunlong Zhang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: velocity modeling; seismic waveform inversion; physical information neural network; causal sequence

Online: 21 November 2023 (06:33:26 CET)

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Seismic velocity inversion is one of the most critical issues in the field of seismic exploration and has long been the focus of numerous experts and scholars. In recent years, the advancement of machine learning technologies has infused new vitality into the research of seismic velocity inversion and yielded a wealth of research outcomes. Typically, seismic velocity inversion based on machine learning lacks control over physical processes and interpretability. Starting from wave theory and the physical processes of seismic data acquisition, this paper proposes a method for seismic velocity model inversion based on Physical Embedding Recurrent Neural Networks. Firstly, the wave equation is a mathematical representation of the physical process of acoustic waves propagating through a medium, and the finite difference method is an effective approach to solving the wave equation. With this in mind, we introduce the architecture of recurrent neural networks to describe the finite difference solution of the wave equation, realizing the embedding of physical processes into machine learning. Secondly, in seismic data acquisition, the propagation of acoustic waves from multiple sources through the medium represents a high-dimensional causal time series (wavefield snapshots), where the influential variable is the velocity model, and the received signals are the observations of the wavefield. This forms a forward modeling process as the forward simulation of the wavefield equation, and the use of error back-propagation between observations and calculations as the velocity inversion process. Through time-lapse inversion and incorporating the causal information of wavefield propagation, the non-uniqueness issue in velocity inversion is mitigated. Through mathematical derivations and theoretical model analyses, the effectiveness and rationality of the method are demonstrated. In conjunction with simulation results for complex models, the method proposed in this paper can achieve velocity inversion in complex geological structures.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0226.v1

The Alpine Geological History of the Hellenides, From the Triassic to the Present: Compression vs. Extension, the Dynamic Pair for the Orogen Structural Configuration. A Synthesis

Adamantios Kilias

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Hellenides; subduction; obduction; compression; extension; geotectonics; mélanges.

Online: 3 November 2023 (09:13:41 CET)

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Abstract: We present the Hellenic orogenic belt`s main geological structure and architecture of deformation, trying to reach a better interpretation of its geotectonic evolution during the Alpine orogeny. We based on our recent studies and experience about the deformational history of the Hellenides but also on the more modern views, published by other colleagues, concerning the Alpine geotectonic reconstruction of the Hellenides. The structural evolution started during the Permo-Triassic with the continental breaking of the Pangea super-continent and the birth of the Neotethyan ocean realm. Bimodal magmatism and A-type granitoid intrusions accompanied the initial stages of the continental rifting, followed by Triassic-Jurassic multiphase shallow- and deep-water sediment deposition on both formed continental margins. These margins were the Apulian margin, containing the Pelagonia, at the western part of the Neotethyan ocean and the European margin, containing continental parts of the Serbo-Macedonian and Rhodope massifs (upper Vertiskos-Kimi and middle Sidironero-Kerdylia units), at the eastern part of the Neotethyan ocean. Deformation and metamorphism are recorded in six main deformational stages from the Early-Middle Jurassic to the present day, getting started with an Early-Middle Jurassic Neotethyan intra-oceanic subduction and ensimatic island arc magmatism. Compression, nappe stacking, calc-alkaline magmatism and high-pressure metamorphic events related to subduction processes alternated successively through time with extension, orogenic collapse, medium- to high-temperature metamorphism, adakitic and calc-alkaline magmatism and partly migmatization, related to uplift and exhumation of deep crustal levels as tectonic windows or metamorphic core complexes. An S- to SW-ward migration of the dynamic peer compression vs. extension is recognized during the Tertiary Alpine orogenic stages in the Hellenides. In any case extension and crustal uplift follow compression and nappe stacking or compression and exten-sion act simultaneously at different parts of the orogen. We suggest that all ophiolite belts in the Hellenides originated from a single source and this was the Neotethyan Meliata/Maliac-Axios/Vardar ocean basin, parts of which obducted during the Mid-Late Jurassic on both continental margins, Apulian`s (containing Pelagonia) and European`s (containing units of Serbo-Macedonian/Rhodope nappes stack), W-SW-ward and E-NE-ward, respectively. In this case, the ophiolite nappes should be considered as far-traveled nappes on the Hellenides continental parts associated with the deposition of Middle-Late Jurassic ophiolitic mélanges in basins at the front of the adjacent ophiolite thrust sheets. The upper limit of the ophiolite emplacement is the Mid-Upper Jurassic, Callovian-Oxfordian, as shown by the deposition of the Kimmeridgian-Tithonian Upper Jurassic sedimentary carbonate series on the top of the obducted ophiolite nappes. The suture zone between the Pelagonian nappe and the External Hellenides as part of the Apulia plate has been dated about coeval in time with the Paleocene-Eocene to Oligocene SW-ward over thrusting (between 56 Ma and 32 Ma), along the Nestos thrust zone, of the Serbo-Macedonian/Rhodope Sidironero-Kerdylia unit on the tectonically lower-most Rhodope Pangaion unit. In this sense, the Nestos shear zone in the Rhodope province continues until the suturing between Pelagonian and External Hellenides and is the same with this. Therefore, the lower-most Rhodope Pangaion unit could be regarded, as the continuation of the marginal part of the Apulian plate (External Hellenides) that was underthrusted during the Paleocene-Eocene below the unified Sidironero-kerdylia unit and the Pelagonian nappe, following the Paleo-cene-Eocene subduction and closure of a small ocean basin at the western of the Pelagonian (Pindos-Cyclades ocean basin). Was preceded by the Late Cretaceous subduction of the Axios/Vardar ocean remnants below the European continental margin and the final closure of the Axios/Vardar ocean during the Paleocene-Eocene, which were associated with the overthrusting of the European origins Vertiskos-Kimi nappe on the Sidironero-Kerdylia nappe and subsequently the final collision of the European margin and Pelagonian fragment. In this scenario should be assumed, that the true Vardar/Axios suture zone should originate in the deep further to the East between the Rhodope units in the northern Rhodope province, while the Axios/Vardar zone in its today outcrops position should be considered as allochthonous. Subsequently, during synorogenic Oligocene-Miocene extension, the lower-most Rhodope Pangaion unit exhumed as a metamorphic core complex below the Serbo-Macedonian/Rhodope nappes, which were successively exhumed, from the higher to the middle, during Paleocene-Eocene and Eocene-Oligocene extension, respectively. A retreating subduction zone associated with rollback of the subducted lithosphere under the Pelagonian and the other Internal Hellenides nappes stack and/or slap break off and mantel delamination could well explain the Tertiary synorogenic extensional tectonics in the Internal Hellenides, taking place simultaneously with compression in the External Hellenides and the Hellenic foreland or accretionary wedge.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1388.v1

Underground Mining Shaft Survey – Multiple LiDAR and IMU Sensors Data Set

Artur Adamek, Janusz Będkowski, Paweł Kaminski, Rafal PAsek, Michal Pelka, Jan Zawislak

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: LiDAR; IMU; undreground shaft mapping; mine mapping

Online: 23 October 2023 (08:24:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1278.v1

Regional Multifractal Variability of the Overall Seismic Activity in Pakistan from 24 B.C to 2020 via the Application of MDFA on Earthquake Catalogs

Aftab Alam, Dimitrios Nikolopoulos, Demetrios Cantzos, Muhammad Tahir, Tahir Iqbal, Ermioni Petraki, Panayiotis H Yannakopoulos, Muhammad Rafique

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Earthquakes; Catalog data; MFDFA; Hurst exponent

Online: 19 October 2023 (12:04:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0548.v1

Impact of the Pai-Khoi-Altai Regional Strike-Slip Zone on Localization of Hydrocarbon Fields in the Pre-Jurassic Basement of the Central Part of West Siberian Oil and Gas Province

Aleksey Egorov, Vladimir Antonchik, Natalia Senchina, Igor Movchan, Maria Oreshkova

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: strike-slip; hydrocarbons; geophysics; basement; West Siberian oil and gas province; geophysical data interpretation

Online: 10 October 2023 (08:15:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1973.v1

Inland Record of the Last Interglacial Maximum in the Western Mediterranean (Los Aljezares Pleistocene Basin, Alicante, Spain)

Jaime Cuevas-González, Davinia Díez-Canseco, Javier Elez, Carlos Pérez-Mejías, Hai Cheng, Juan Carlos Cañaveras

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Semiarid Climate; Western Mediterranean; MIS 5; Geomorphology; Sedimentology

Online: 28 September 2023 (11:26:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1450.v1

Automatic P-Phase Onset Time Picking Method of Microseismic Monitoring Signal Underground Mine Based on Noise Reduction and Multiple Detection Indexes

Rui Dai, Yibo Wang, Da Zhang, Hu Ji

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Microseisms; P-phase onset time picking; STA/LTA method; AIC method; Skew and Kurtosis method; Wavelet coefficient threshold denoising in time-frequency domain.

Online: 21 September 2023 (10:05:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1153.v1

Deformation Pattern of Well-Preserved High-Pressure Rocks (SE Syros, Cyclades)

Nikolaos Gerogiannis, Eirini Aravadinou, Paraskevas Xypolias

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: geological mapping; structural mapping; structural analysis; blueschist unit; hellenides

Online: 18 September 2023 (10:49:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0833.v1

A Geoethics Syllabus for Higher Education: Evaluation of an Intervention Programme

Clara Vasconcelos, Alexandra Cardoso, Tiago Ribeiro

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: geoethics teaching; geoethics syllabus; higher education; sustainable development goals

Online: 13 September 2023 (05:29:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0728.v1

Agricultural Impacts on Groundwater Resources in Central Saudi Arabia: Insights from Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems

Talal Alharbi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: agricultural activities; groundwater; Saudi Arabia; Biyadh; Arab/Jubaila

Online: 12 September 2023 (08:44:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0577.v1

Global Evidence of Obliquity Damping in Climate Proxies and Sea-Level Record during the Last 1.2 Ma: A Missing Link for the Mid-Pleistocene Transition

Paolo Viaggi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: mid-pleistocene transition; obliquity–oblateness feedback; obliquity damping hypothesis; water- mass redistribution; glacio-eustatic sea level; short eccentricity

Online: 8 September 2023 (13:07:04 CEST)

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A recent research has identified an inverse amplitude link between obliquity damping and short eccentricity amplification during Mid-Late Pleistocene based on LR04 δ18O and equatorial Pacific Site 846 sea surface temperature records, which is associated with the Earth's long-term cooling. In the present study, new evidence of this anticorrelation is presented from Antarctic D-CO2-CH4 records, global benthic-planktic δ18O, and regional (Atlantic, Pacific, Mediterranean, and Indian) climate-related proxies. Based on a critical review of theoretical constrains (Earth's oblateness changes and ice-volume phase lag in the obliquity band <5.0 kyr), this widespread and symmetric (bipolar) obliquity response damping has been interpreted as an effect of the obliquity-oblateness feedback, which could be the latent physical mechanism at the origin of the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT). Indeed, results and considerations of the present work suggest that fast and positive/negative net variation of the Earth's oblateness in the obliquity band was controlled by dominant glacio-eustatic water mass component and, assuming a rapid response of the ice-volume to surface temperature changes, the mean obliquity lag response is estimated to be <5.0 kyr over the past 800 kyr. These elements may explain the interglacial/glacial damping observed in the obliquity response. The consolidation of the Earth's long-term icy-state in the subtrend IV, culminated with the post-MPT obliquity damping, might have contributed to the strengthening of the short eccentricity response by mitigating the obliquity ‘ice-killing’ during obliquity maxima (interglacials), favouring the obliquity-cycle skipping and a feedback amplified ice-growth in the short eccentricity band (obliquity damping hypothesis). This could suggest a different impact of the climate friction than what is generally believed, which is presumably the latent physical mechanism that triggers transient ‘competitive’ interaction between obliquity and short eccentricity started early during the Piacenzian.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0444.v1

Landslide Susceptibility Evaluation of BO-CNN Gengma Seismic Zone Considering InSAR Deformation

Yunlong Deng, Xiaoqing Zuo, Yongfa Li, Xincheng Zhou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: InSAR; landslide susceptibility; random forest; support vector machine; convolutional neural network

Online: 7 September 2023 (04:03:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0143.v1

Architecture Differences and Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Passive Continental Margin Basins in East Africa

Ke Geng, Zhixin Wen, Xueling Wang, Zhaoming Wang, Zhengjun He, Chengpeng Song, Tianyu Ji, Hengxuan Li

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: passive continental margin basin; lithofacies paleogeography; basin structural architecture; hydrocarbon accumulation model; deepwater hydrocarbon exploration

Online: 5 September 2023 (07:08:01 CEST)

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Based on the plate tectonic theory, using seismic, geology, and public literature data, the proto-type basins and lithofacies paleogeography during the main geological periods of the passive continental margin of East Africa are restored, and the architecture characteristics of the basins and the differences in sedimentary fillings are analyzed. Combined with the dissection of discovered oil and gas reservoirs, four types of hydrocarbon accumulation models are established, the favorable hydrocarbon accumulation combinations (plays), and the next exploration directions in this region are explored. The passive continental margin basins in East Africa experienced three proto-type stages: intracontinental aborted rift during the Late Carboniferous-Triassic Karoo period, intracontinental-intercontinental rift during the Jurassic period, and passive continental margin basin since the Cretaceous period. Affected by the difference in sedimentary filling thickness between the rift period and depression period, four types of passive continental margin basins are formed: rifted type, depressed type, faulted depression type, and reformed delta type. The maximum sedimentary thickness of the rifted basins during the rift period is greater than 3500 m, and that during the depression period is less than 4000 m, forming a "single-source structure type" hydrocarbon accumulation model. The exploration of rifted basins should focus on giant structural traps at the top of the rifted sequences. The maximum sedimentary thickness of the depressed basins during the depression period exceeds 4000 m, forming a "single-source fan group type" hydrocarbon accumulation model. The dominant exploration directions of depressed basins are sedimentary sand bodies and structural-lithologic traps during the depression and drift periods. The maximum sedimentary thickness of the faulted depression basins during the rift period is greater than 3500 m, and that during the depression period is greater than 4000 m, forming a "double-source and double-combination type" hydrocarbon accumulation model. The exploration of rifted basins should focus on giant slip-collapse-debris flow sedimentary sand bodies on the upper and middle slopes. In addition to the large sedimentary thickness of the early rift and the central depression, the delta thickness of the reformed delta basins during the late depression period since the Miocene is more than 4000 m, and four structural belts (growth fault, mud diapir, thrust fold, and foredeep gentle slope) were formed from onshore to offshore, forming a "three-source and multi-combination type" hydrocarbon accumulation model. All four structural belts can form giant oil and gas fields.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0237.v1

Analysis of Peak Ground Acceleration and Seismogenic Fault Characteristics of the Mw7.8 Earthquake in Turkey

Yushi Duan, Jingshan Bo, Da Peng, Qi Li, Wei Wan, Wenhao Qi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Turkey earthquake; peak ground acceleration; seismogenic fault; near-fault effect; fault locking segment effect; trampoline effect

Online: 5 September 2023 (05:20:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0206.v1

Environmental Implications of Shale Gas Hydraulic Fracturing: A Comprehensive Review on Water Contaminations and Seismic Activities in the United States

Bohyun Hwang, Joonghyeok Heo, Joon-kyu Park

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Hydraulic fracturing; Groundwater contamination; Earthquake; Air pollution; Soil contamination; Environmental impacts

Online: 5 September 2023 (04:03:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0107.v1

Magnetic and Geochemical Properties of Zagreb City Area Soils

Stanislav Frančišković-Bilinski, Josip Peco, Sanja Sakan, Dragana Đorđević, Dejan Inđić

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: magnetic susceptibility; geochemistry; Zagreb urban area (Croatia); soils; anthropogenic influence; geological background

Online: 4 September 2023 (15:26:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1862.v1

Study on the Characteristics and Geomorphologic Evolution Patterns of Loess Landslides on the Heifangtai Terrace, China

Xin Wei, Dongdong Yan, Penghui Ma

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: loess landslide; agricultural irrigation; loess terrace; geomorphologic evolution; FLAC 3D

Online: 29 August 2023 (08:56:20 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1793.v1

Landslide Susceptibility Assessment Modeling in Yunnan Plateau Lake watershed: A Case Study for Dianchi Lake Watershed

Guangshun Bai, Xuemei Yang, Zhigang Kong, Jieyong Zhu, Shitao Zhang, Bin Sun

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: landslide susceptibility assessment; weight of evidence (WoE) method; modeling; Yunnan Plateau Lake watershed; Dianchi Lake watershed

Online: 25 August 2023 (11:55:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1507.v1

The Accuracy Assessment of Lithospheric Density Models

Robert Tenzer, Wenjin Chen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: error analysis; forward modelling; geoid; lithosphere; Earth’s synthetic models.

Online: 22 August 2023 (09:53:03 CEST)

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The Earth’s synthetic gravitational and density models can be used to validate numerical procedures applied for a global (or large-scale regional) gravimetric forward and inverse modelling. Since the Earth’s lithospheric structure is better constrained by tomographic surveys than a deep mantle, most of existing 3-D density models describe only a lithospheric density structure, while 1-D density models are typically used to describe a deep mantle density structure below the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. The accuracy of currently available lithospheric density models is examined in this study. The error analysis is established to assess the accuracy of modelling the sub-lithospheric mantle geoid, while focusing on the largest errors (according to our estimates) that are attributed to lithospheric thickness and lithospheric mantle density uncertainties. Since a forward modelling of the sub-lithospheric mantle geoid comprises also numerical procedures of adding and subtracting gravitational contributions of similar density structures, the error propagation is derived for actual rather than random errors (that are described by the Gauss’ error propagation law). Possible systematic errors then either lessen or sum up after applying particular corrections to a geoidal geometry that are attributed to individual lithospheric density structures (such as sediments) or density interfaces (such as a Moho density contrast). The analysis indicates that errors in modelling of the sub-lithospheric mantle geoid attributed to lithospheric thickness and lithospheric mantle density uncertainties could reach several hundreds of meters, particularly at locations with the largest lithospheric thickness under cratonic formations. This numerical finding is important for a calibration and further development of synthetic density models of which mass equals the Earth’s total mass (excluding the atmosphere). Consequently, the (long-to-medium wavelength) gravitational field generated by a synthetic density model should closely agree with the Earth’s gravitational field.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1543.v1

The Possibility to Estimate In Situ the Porosity of Permafrost: A Preliminary Study

Lev Eppelbaum

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: permafrost; porosity; refreezing time; shut-in temperature

Online: 22 August 2023 (09:26:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1445.v1

Experimental Study on Methane Diffusion Characteristics of Different Metamorphic Deformed Coals Based on Counter Diffusion Method

Jiangang Ren, Liang Gao, Zhihui Wen, Hongbo Weng, Jianbao Liu, Runsheng Lv, Yanwei Qu, Zhimin Song, Yongwang Zhang, Bing Li

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Counter diffusion method; Confining pressure; Gas pressure; Temperature; Diffusion coefficient

Online: 22 August 2023 (02:32:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1431.v1

Prediction of Reflection Seismic Low Frequency Components of Acoustic Impedance Using Deep Learning

Lian Jiang, John P. Castagna, Zhao Zhang, Brian Russell

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Low frequencies; acoustic impedance; deep learning; GRU; seismic attributes; seismic inversion

Online: 21 August 2023 (07:32:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1278.v1

Singular points of the tremor of the earth's surface

Alexey Lyubushin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: GPS tremor singular points, entropy, spectral slope, probability density, principal components.

Online: 17 August 2023 (11:38:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1267.v1

Geothermal Energy and Beyond—A Review

János Szanyi, Ladislaus Rybach, Hawkar A. Abdulhaq

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: geothermal energy utilization; critical raw materials (CRM); Combined Heat Power and Metal Extraction (CHPM); Petrothermal Enhanced Geothermal System (PEGS)

Online: 17 August 2023 (07:28:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1252.v1

Why Did Such Giant Stress Accumulate on the Joining of Four Tectonic Plates in Eastern Turkey? A Review

Lev V Eppelbaum, Youri I Katz, Zvi Ben-Avraham

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: geodynamics; Turkish February 2023 earthquakes; rotating mantle structure; GPS; gravity; magnetic; and paleomagnetic data analysis

Online: 17 August 2023 (05:33:13 CEST)

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The Easternmost Mediterranean is a junction zone between the largest Earth's lithospheric segments – Eurasian and African-Arabian, and a transition area from the ocean to the continent. The latest catastrophic earthquakes in eastern Turkey require their geodynamic understanding. The two most decisive events (with magnitude (M) = 7.8 and 7.7) were observed with an interval of 9 hours on February 06, 2023, followed by a whole series of about 10,000 significative aftershocks. These tragic events led to the death of more than 60 thousand people. The above values indicate the colossal tension created in the Earth's crust. The region where these strongest earthquakes occurred is a tectonically very complex junction zone of four tectonic plates: Eurasian, Arabian, African, and Anatolian. The joint movement of these plates (consisting, in turn, of tectonic elements of different ages) occurs at an average rate of 6–15 mm per year. However, after two marked powerful shocks and a series of aftershocks, some sectors of the Anatolian plate shifted to the southwest by more than 11 meters. What happened in eastern Turkey? The interaction of numerous factors complicates the tectonic–geodynamic characteristics of the region. Let us analyze what is the most influencing component. Our recent publications (Eppelbaum et al., 2020, 2021) indicated the presence of a giant, rotating quasi-ring structure below the Easternmost Mediterranean. The GPS vector map coinciding with the gravitational trend displays the counterclockwise rotation of this structure. A review of paleomagnetic data on the projection of the discovered structure into the Earth's surface confirms its mainly counterclockwise rotation. Analysis of the magnetic field ΔZ, geoid anomalies map, and seismic tomography data commonly prove the presence of this deep anomaly. The geodynamic and structural characteristics of the region and paleobiogeographic data are consistent with the proposed physical–geological model. A widespread analysis of tectonic, petrological, and mineralogical data implies a connection between the discovered deep structure and near-surface processes. An examination of numerous publications by different authors confirms the above phenomenon’s existence. A crucial for understanding the nature of the considered seismic stress is its location near the expressed bend of the Mesozoic terrane belt, where the Arabian Plate is deeply intruded into the Alpine-Himalayan belt. Thus, the rotation of this giant deep structure may accumulate the stress effect and be one of the causative reasons for the last catastrophic geodynamic events in Eastern Turkey.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0919.v1

Stochastic strike-slip fault as earthquake source model

Maksim Gapeev, Alexandra Solodchuk, Roman Parovik

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: stochastic fault surface; earthquake source model; elasticity theory

Online: 11 August 2023 (09:02:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0743.v1

Diatom Assemblages from the Daginsky Mud Volcano Sediments (Eastern Sakhalin) and Their Implication

Ira Tsoy, Anna Sorochinskaya

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: diatom assemblages; sediments; Daginsky Mud Volcano; thermal springs; Nyisky Bay; Eastern Sakhalin

Online: 9 August 2023 (09:41:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0724.v1

The Mazenod-Sue-Dianne IOCG District of the Great Bear Magmatic Zone, Northwest Territories, Canada

Hamid Mumin, Mark Hamilton

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: IOCG; hydrothermal alteration; tecontonic inversion; metasomatism; geochemistry

Online: 9 August 2023 (08:27:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0584.v3

Earthquake Footprints for Predicting Events

Kieran Greer

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: earthquake, footprint, predict events, cluster, frequency grid

Online: 8 August 2023 (12:02:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0666.v1

Singular Points of the Tremor of the Earth’s Surface

Alexey Lyubushin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: GPS tremor singular points; entropy; spectral slope; probability density; principal components

Online: 8 August 2023 (11:23:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0597.v1

The Extraction of Terrestrial Water Storage Anomaly from GRACE in the Region with Medium Scale and Adjacent Weak Signal Area: A Case for the Dnieper River Basin

Tao Zhang, Shaofeng Bian, Bing Ji, Wanqiu Li, Jingwen Zong

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: GRACE; terrestrial water storage (TWS) anomaly; leakage error recover; Dnieper River basin; climate pattern

Online: 8 August 2023 (10:30:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0421.v1

Gravelly Beach Deposits as a Proxy for Relative Sea-Level Changes in Microtidal Wave-Dominated Shoreline Systems: Examples from the Hinterland of the Taranto Gulf (Middle Pleistocene, Basilicata, Southern Italy)

Vincenzo De Giorgio, Luisa Sabato, Marcello Tropeano

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: gravelly beach deposits; relative sea-level changes; Metaponto Coastal Plain

Online: 4 August 2023 (11:41:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0274.v1

3-D Body-Wave Velocity Structure of the Southern Aegean, Greece

Andreas Karakonstantis, Filippos Vallianatos

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: seismic tomography; lithospheric slab; southern Aegean; Hellenic Trench

Online: 3 August 2023 (10:54:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0209.v1

The Earth’s Rotation-Related Seismicity as a Precursor to the 2023 Mw 7.8 Gaziantep, Turkey Earthquake

Yane Li, Xuezhong Chen, Lijuan Chen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Earth's rotation-related; seismicity; the Mw 7.8 Turkey earthquake; Schuster test; precursor

Online: 3 August 2023 (08:02:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1830.v1

Geomorphology, Geoarchaeology and Geochronology of the Upper Pleistocene archaeological site of El Olivo Cave (Llanera, Asturias, Northern Spain).

Jesús F. Jordá Pardo, David Álvarez-Alonso, Maria De Andrés Herrero, Daniel Ballesteros, Pilar Carral, Aitor Hevia-Carrillo, Jorge Sanjurjo, Santiago Giralt, Montserrat Jiménez-Sánchez

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: karst; cave sediments; Upper Pleistocene; Cantabrian zone; Northern Iberia

Online: 27 July 2023 (02:36:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1461.v1

Prediction of Au-Associated Minerals in Eastern Thailand Based on Stream Sediment Geochemical Data Analysis by S-A Multifractal Model

Oraphan Yaisamut, Shuyun Xie, Punya Charusiri, Jianbiao Dong, Weiji Wen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: eastern Thailand; geochemical exploration; pathfinder elements; stream sediment, Spectrum-Area (S-A) multifractal model; pathfinder elements

Online: 21 July 2023 (12:50:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1414.v1

Mechanical Simulation on the Vertical Migration of Ore-forming Elements in Soil Cover

Mohai Zhang, Yiyun Dai, Shuyun Xie, Pengcheng Liu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Ore-forming element; vertical migration; laboratory simulation; nonlinear theory

Online: 20 July 2023 (12:54:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1252.v1

Prediction of Au-Polymetallic Deposits Based on Spatial Multi-Layer Information Fusion by Random Forest Model in the Central Kunlun Area of Xinjiang, China

Yuepeng Zhang, Xiaofeng Ye, Shuyun Xie, Jianbiao Dong, Xuwei Zhou, Xiaoying Zhou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: spatial multi-information fusion; random forest; metallogenic prediction; Central Kunlun; Xinjiang

Online: 19 July 2023 (03:08:11 CEST)

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In recent years, how to combine intelligent prospecting algorithms such as random forest with a large number of geological and mineral data for quantitative prediction of exploration geochemistry has become an important topic of concern to quantitatively improve the accuracy of target delineation. The ore-forming geological conditions in the central Kunlun area of Xinjiang are great and have good prospecting prospects. However, due to the exhaustion of shallow deposits and the lag of geological prospecting work in the past ten years, there has been no expected breakthrough in the search for large and super-large metal deposits for many years. There has been a serious shortage of reserve resources. The use of new theories, new methods and new technologies for mineral resources investigation and evaluation has become an urgent need in the current prospecting work. In view of this, based on the existing spatial database of geological and mineral resources in the central Kunlun of Xinjiang, combined with the geological characteristics, genesis and metallogenic regularity of the area, this paper carried out a series of studies on gold polymetallic minerals with the help of geographic information system and data science programming software platform. The researchers integrated geological and regional geochemical data, and constructed a random forest metallogenic discriminant model based on two different sampling methods (integrated random undersampling and selection of training samples) to predict the mineralization of gold polymetallic minerals in the central Kunlun area of Xinjiang and delineate the metallogenic target area. The quantitative prediction of gold polymetallic mineral resources in the central Kunlun area of Xinjiang by two random forest models is compared and discussed: the known ore spots, fault structures and geochemical information are extracted, and the known gold polymetallic ore spots and geochemical data are used to form a training set and a prediction set to construct a machine learning random forest model. The results of prediction evaluation and metallogenic prospect division show that for different sampling methods, the performance evaluation parameters of the training process show that the prediction accuracy of the selected training samples is higher, and the selected training samples are more reliable because they can fully learn the complex information of the original data. In the metallogenic prospect prediction and metallogenic potential division, the random forest model of selecting training samples has more reference value and further exploration research significance in the production problem considering the actual exploration cost because of its small area of high potential prediction area and high proportion of ore bearing per unit area. At the same time, this study innovatively improves the prediction accuracy, reduces the exploration risk, and expands the prospecting idea of machine learning algorithm in mathematical geology in the central Kunlun area of Xinjiang. The delineated metallogenic potential area has positive guiding significance for the actual gold polymetallic prospecting work in this area.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1115.v1

An InSAR-Based Method for Predicting Long-Term Land Subsidence in Goafs through the Concatenation of Multiple Short-Term Monitoring Data

Jinyang Li, Mingdong Zang, Nengxiong Xu, Gang Mei, Sen Yang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: InSAR-based method; coal mine goaf; prediction of long-term land subsidence; concatenation of multiple short-term monitoring data

Online: 18 July 2023 (02:35:57 CEST)

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The land subsidence occurring in goafs after coal mining is a protracted process. The accurate prediction of long-term land subsidence in goafs relies heavily on the availability of long-term monitoring data. However, the scarcity of continuous long-term land subsidence monitoring data subsequent to the cessation of mining significantly hinders the accurate prediction of long-term land subsidence in goafs. To address this challenge, this study proposes an innovative method based on Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) for predicting long-term land subsidence of goafs following coal mining. The proposed method employs a concatenation approach that integrates multiple short-term monitoring data from different coal faces, each with distinct cessation times, into a cohesive and uniform long-term sequence by normalizing the subsidence rates. The method was verified using actual monitoring data from the Yangquan No.2 mine in Shanxi Province, China. Initially, coal faces with same shapes but varying cessation times were selected for analysis. Using InSAR monitoring data collected between June and December of 2016, the average subsidence rate corresponding to the duration after coal mining cessation of each coal face was back-calculated. Subsequently, a function relating subsidence rate to the duration after coal mining cessation was fitted to the data. Finally, the relationship between cumulative subsidence and the duration after coal mining cessation was derived by integrating the function. The results indicated that the relationship between subsidence rate and duration after coal mining cessation followed an exponential function for a given coal face, whereas the relationship between cumulative subsidence and duration after coal mining cessation conformed to the Knothe time function. Notably, after the cessation of coal mining, significant land subsidence persisted in the goaf of the Yangquan No.2 mine for a duration ranging from 5 to 10 years. The cumulative subsidence curve along the long axis of the coal face ultimately exhibited an inclined W-shape. The proposed method enables the quantitative prediction of residual land subsidence in goafs, even in cases where continuous long-term monitoring data are insufficient, thus providing valuable guidance for construction decisions above the goaf.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0949.v1

An Improved Seismic Fault Interpretation in a Structurally Complex Geologic Setting Using a Pretrained CNN Model and Seismic Attributes: An Example from the Browse Basin, Australia

Md Mahmodul Islam, Mohamed Elsaadany, Ismailalwali Babikir, Sami Elkurdy, Numair Ahmed Siddiqui

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Fault detection; reservoir characterization; seismic images; deep learning; convolutional neural network; variance attribute

Online: 14 July 2023 (12:41:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0821.v1

Groundwater Investigation through Electrical Resistivity Tomography in the Galhareri District, Galgadud Region, Somalia: Insights into Hydrogeological Properties

Mahad Abdullahi Hussein, Mohammed Yusuf Ali, Hassan Ali Hussein

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Aquifer, electrical resistivity tomography, groundwater, Galgaduud region, Somalia.

Online: 13 July 2023 (05:21:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0584.v2

Earthquake Footprints for Predicting Events

Kieran Greer

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: earthquake, footprint, predict events, cluster, frequency grid

Online: 11 July 2023 (13:13:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0584.v1

Earthquake Footprints for Predicting Events

Kieran Greer

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: earthquake, footprint, predict events, cluster, frequency grid

Online: 10 July 2023 (10:13:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0245.v1

Atmospheric and ionospheric effects of La Palma volcano 2021 eruption

Hanshuo Zhang, Kaiguang Zhu, Yuqi Cheng, Dedalo Marchetti, Wenqi Chen, Mengxuan Fan, Siyu Wang, Ting Wang, Donghua Zhang, Yiqun Zhang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: La Palma; volcano eruption; lithosphere; atmosphere; ionosphere; AGW; LAIC

Online: 4 July 2023 (14:02:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2212.v1

Study on Rock Strata Movement Deformation and Surface Subsidence in Mining Area Based on PS-InSAR Technology

Xuxing Huang, Xuefeng Li, Hequn Li, Yihao Yang, Shanda Duan, Wuning Xiao, Han Du, Hao Liu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: PS-InSAR; Goaf management; Surface subsidence; rock strata movement deformation

Online: 30 June 2023 (12:07:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2075.v1

Geological Disaster Susceptibility Evaluation of Random Forest Weighted Deterministic Coefficient Model

Shaohan Zhang, Shucheng Tan, Jinxuan Zhou, Yongqi Sun, Duanyu Ding, Jun Li

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: geological hazard; susceptibility; random forests; certainty factor; Huize county

Online: 29 June 2023 (08:27:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1805.v1

Groundwater Detection Using Resistivity at Nubutautau Village in Viti Levu in Fiji

Ronald Rajneel Maharaj, Sushil Kumar, Nichollas Rollings, Andreas Antoniou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Groundwater; Hydrogeology; Resistivity's; Conductivities; Hydrology

Online: 26 June 2023 (11:28:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1674.v1

Numerical Simulation of Pore Pressure Change Caused by Hydrocarbon Generation in Chezhen Sag and Its Influence on Hydrocarbon Accumulation

Mingwen Wang, Gang Luo, Feng Qin, Zonghu Liao, Shuhong Zhou, Nianfa Yang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Overpressure; Hydrocarbon downward migration; “Upper source-lower reservoir”; Numerical simulation; Chezhen Sag

Online: 23 June 2023 (12:02:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1621.v1

The INOVMineral Project’s Contribution to Mineral Exploration – A WebGIS Integration and Visualization of Spectral and Geophysical Properties of the Aldeia LCT Pegmatite Spodumene Deposit

Joana Cardoso-Fernandes, Douglas Santos, Cátia Rodrigues de Almeida, Julia Tucker Vasques, Ariane Mendes, Ricardo Ribeiro, Antonio Azzalini, Lia Duarte, Alexandre Lima, Ana C. Teodoro

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: geological exploration; UAV; LiDAR; radiometry; geophysics; remote sensing; Landsat 9; GIS; lithium

Online: 22 June 2023 (12:22:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1481.v1

Effects of Background Porosity on Seismic Anisotropy in Fractured Rocks: An Experimental Study

Yuangui Zhang, Bangrang Di

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Anisotropy; Fractures; Porosity; Rock physics

Online: 21 June 2023 (08:52:10 CEST)

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Environmental and Earth Sciences