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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1813.v1

Is Environmental Cadmium Exposure Causally Related to Diabetes and Obesity?

Soisungwan Satarug

Subject: Public, Environmental And Occupational Health, Public Health And Healthcare Keywords: bilirubin; cadmium; diabetes type 2; glucose homeostasis; gluconeogenesis; glycolysis; heme; heme oxygenase; hyperglycemia; mitochondria; obesity.

Online: 30 November 2023 (02:04:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1822.v1

Differential Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer Grade to Augment Clinical Diagnosis Based on Classifier Models With Tuned Hyperparameters

S. T. Alanezi, Marcin Jan Kraśny, Christoph Kleefeld, Niall Colgan

Subject: Bioengineering, Engineering Keywords: prostate cancer; multiparametric (mp-MRI); machine learning

Online: 30 November 2023 (02:01:48 CET)

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We developed a novel machine learning algorithm to augment clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer utilizing first and second-order texture analysis metrics and novel application of machine learning radiomics analysis. We successfully discriminated between significant prostate cancers versus non-tumor regions and provided accurate prediction between Gleason score cohorts with statistical sensitivity of greater than 0.91 sensitivity across three separate cohorts. Tumor heterogeneity and prediction between GS cohorts were quantified using two feature selection approaches and two classifiers with tuned hyperparameters (including grid search and randomized search). There was a total of 71 patients analyzed in this study. Multiparametric MRI, incorporating T2WI and the ADC maps, were used to derive radiomics features. Recursive feature elimination (RFE), the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and two classification approaches, including a support vector machine (SVM) (with grid search) and random forest (RF) (with randomized search), were utilized to differentiate between non-tumor regions versus significant cancer and prediction among Gleason score groups. In T2WI images, the RFE feature selection approach combined with RF and SVM classifiers outperformed LASSO with SVM and RF classifiers regarding performance. The detection precision of the radiomics framework depending on multiple imaging modalities was lower than the diagnostic accuracy of single imaging modality model with every machine learning approach assessed. The best performance was achieved by combining LASSO and SVM into a model that used both T2WI and ADC. This model had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.91. Radiomic features computed from ADC and T2WI images were used to predict three groups of Gleason score using two kinds of feature selection methods (RFE and LASSO), RF and SVM classifier models with tuned hyperparameters. Using combined sequences (T2WI and ADC map images) and combined radiomics (1st and GLCM features), LASSO, with a feature selection method with RF, was able to predict G3 with the highest sensitivity at a level AUC of 0.92. To predict G3 for single sequence (T2WI images) using GLCM features, LASSO with SVM achieved the highest sensitivity with an AUC of 0.92.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1815.v1

The Scale Invariant Vacuum Paradigm: Main Results and Current Progress Review (Part II)

Vesselin G. Gueorguiev, Andre Maeder

Subject: Astronomy And Astrophysics, Physical Sciences Keywords: cosmology: theory; dark matter; dark energy; inflation; galaxies: formation; rotation; weyl integrable geometry; dirac co-calculus

Online: 30 November 2023 (02:00:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1913.v1

Hand-Held Echocardiography by Advanced Practice Providers in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

Maria-Cecilia Tagle-Cornell, Barbara S. Novais, Songnan Wen, Justin Shipman, Deepa Mandale, Drew Flom, Sandeep Sahnan, Lindsey Kriz, Michelle Alland, Christen Bird, Tasneem Z. Naqvi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: Congestive heart failure; echocardiography; hand-held echocardiogram; heart failure; images, advanced practice providers

Online: 29 November 2023 (23:04:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1912.v1

Numerical Study of the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Welding of Thin Austenitic Steel Plates with an Equivalent Heat Source Approach

Hichem ABERBACHE, Alexandre Mathieu, Nathan Haglon, Rodolphe Bolot, Laurent Bleurvacq, Axel Corolleur, Fabrice Laurent

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: CMT process; welding automation; sheet metal; austenitic stainless-steel; Numerical simulation

Online: 29 November 2023 (16:50:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1909.v1

DeepFlower: Archival and Retrieval of Videos

Manjunath Aradhya, Jyothi V K, Sharath Kumar, Guru D S, Vinay Kumar

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Keyframe selection; Dimensionality Reduction; ReliefF; Bi-normal separation; Indexing; KD-tree; retrieval of flower video; Deep Flower

Online: 29 November 2023 (16:41:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1911.v1

Infrared Thermal Imaging Analysis for Diagnosing Toddler’s Fractures

Reza Saatchi, Shammi Ramlakhan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: infrared thermal imaging; toddler’s fracture; bone fracture screening; infrared thermal image processing and analysis; artificial intelligence; emergency medicine; orthopaedics

Online: 29 November 2023 (16:40:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1667.v2

Active Confinement of Masonry Walls with Stainless Steel Straps: The Effect of Strap Arrangement on the in-Plane Behavior of Strength, Poisson’s Ratio and Pseudo-Ductility

Elena Ferretti

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: masonry walls; CAM®; System; shear behavior; reinforcement arrangement; diagonal compression test; pseudo-ductility; anisotropy; elastic moduli; Poisson’ s ratio.

Online: 29 November 2023 (16:14:38 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1910.v1

Epitope Mapping of an Anti-Ferret Podoplanin Monoclonal Antibody using the PA Tag-Substituted Analysis

Yu Isoda, Mika K Kaneko, Tomohiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Yukinari Kato

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: ferret podoplanin; monoclonal antibody; epitope; PA scanning

Online: 29 November 2023 (16:08:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1908.v1

The Effect of the Temperature on the Surface Energetic Properties of Carbon Fibers by Inverse Gas Chromatography

Tayssir Hamieh

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Dispersive surface energy; specific acid-base surface energy; specific surface enthalpy and entropy of adsorption; Lewis’s acid base enthalpic and entropic constants; thermal effect.

Online: 29 November 2023 (16:05:19 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1906.v1

The Many Unknowns of Partial Sensory Disconnection during Sleep

Chiara Cirelli, Giulio Tononi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Arousal threshold; NREM sleep; REM sleep; auditory system; visual system; olfactory system; pain; OFF periods

Online: 29 November 2023 (15:27:57 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1901.v1

The Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Autoimmune Disorders: A Descriptive Analysis

Aritra Ghosh, Maria M. Larrondo-Petrie, Mirjana Pavlovic

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: COVID-19; SARS COV2; coronavirus; autoimmunity; molecular mimicry

Online: 29 November 2023 (15:25:59 CET)

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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on global health, notably the virus's association with autoimmune illnesses. Autoimmune illnesses occur when the immune system of the body targets healthy cells, causing damage and inflammation. The potential impact of COVID-19 on autoimmune disorders, the hazards of COVID-19 vaccinations for persons with autoimmune diseases, and the potential risks of COVID-19 vaccines are all discussed in this essay. COVID-19 can cause autoimmune illnesses by causing inflammation, organ and tissue damage, and molecular mimicry, in which the immune system mistakenly assaults healthy cells for the virus. However, not everyone infected with COVID-19 develops autoimmune disorders. While some research has found a link between COVID-19 and autoimmune illnesses, this does not always suggest causation. Other factors, such as genetics and environment, may also play a role in the emergence of autoimmune illnesses. COVID-19 can aggravate existing autoimmune disorders by causing the immune system to attack healthy cells, making management more difficult and increasing the risk of consequences. People with autoimmune disorders, on the other hand, may not be at a higher risk of severe COVID-19 than the general population. Some research has found that persons with autoimmune disorders are more likely to have severe COVID-19, whereas others have found no difference. COVID-19 vaccinations may represent dangers to persons with autoimmune illnesses since they contain antigens that can activate the immune system. Furthermore, due to their already overactive immune systems, some vaccines may not perform as well for people with autoimmune disorders, and some people with autoimmune diseases may have severe reactions to immunizations, producing inflammation and other symptoms. COVID-19 may not be any more hazardous to those with autoimmune illnesses than it is to the general population. The connection between COVID-19 and autoimmune disorders is complicated and under investigation. While some research implies that people with autoimmune disorders have a higher risk of severe COVID-19, others demonstrate no difference in death rates between them and the general population. There are also counterarguments that COVID-19 can induce and exacerbate autoimmune disorders, as well as worries about COVID-19 vaccine hazards for people who have autoimmune diseases. More research is required to completely understand the influence of COVID-19 on autoimmune illnesses, as well as the dangers and benefits of vaccinations for these people.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1898.v1

Digital Literacy in People With Disabilities: An Overview and Narrative Review

SRINIVASAN VENKATESAN

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Digital Divide; Empowerment; Assistive Technology; Artificial Intelligence

Online: 29 November 2023 (15:24:09 CET)

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Digital literacy is the ability to use digital technologies to find, evaluate, create, and communicate information. People with disabilities benefit from having these skills because they allow them to access various opportunities in the digital world. To ensure that they can fully participate in the digital realm, digital literacy efforts should prioritize inclusive design principles. People with disabilities often rely on assistive technologies such as screen readers, alternative input devices, voice recognition software, or specialized hardware to navigate digital platforms. Digital literacy programs should not only focus on consuming content but also on creating and sharing it through documents, multimedia, and online platforms. Peer support and collaboration are important for enhancing their learning experience. Additionally, digital literacy programs address cybersecurity or online safety considerations specific to such people and provide them training and support for using assistive technologies effectively while educating them about potential risks, privacy settings, and safe online practices. This narrative review highights the meaning and levels of digital literacy, digital divide, history, before expanding on the quantative metrics in the available research on the theme of people with disabilities. Retrieved data from freely accessible internet search engines revealed 196 publications, including books, chapters in books, original research articles, proceedings of seminars, and reviews, which were classified into harvest plots to be analyzed by their format, timelines, topics, or themes, respectively. While results indicate an upward curve in the quantity of publications, especially in the post-millennium era, the topics addressed are unevenly distributed, leaving scope for the future to focus empirical and evidence based research on themes related to measurement as well as training on digital literacies for both teachers and students with disabilities. By promoting digital literacy in people with disabilities, we can bridge the digital divide and empower them to participate fully in today's increasingly digital society.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1893.v1

Expression of Elafin and CD200 as Immune Checkpoint Molecules Involved in Celiac Disease

Candelaria Ponce-de-León, Pedro Lorite, Miguel Ángel López-Casado, Pablo Mora, Teresa Palomeque, María Isabel Torres

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: CD200/CD200R; Elafin; celiac disease; gluten peptides; immune checkpoint.

Online: 29 November 2023 (15:23:09 CET)

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(1) Background: We comprehensively evaluated the expression of therapeutically targetable immune checkpoint molecules on celiac disease. We have focused on the alteration of the CD200/CD200R pathway and Elafin expression in celiac disease and discussed their roles in regulating the immune response. There are limited data related to the expression or function of these molecules in celiac disease. This finding could significantly contribute to the understanding of the clinical manifestation of celiac disease; (2) Methods: CD200, CD200R and Elafin distribution was determined by ELISA and immunohistochemistry analyses in serum and biopsies of CD patients. Analyses of Th1 and Th17 cytokines were determined. PCR amplification of a fragment of the PI3 gene was carried out using genomic DNA isolated from whole blood samples of the study subjects. Different aliquots of the PCR reaction product were subjected to RFLP analysis for SNP genotyping and detection; (3) Results: We characterized the expression and function of the CD200–CD200R axis and PI3 in celiac disease. A significantly higher level of soluble CD200, CD200R and lower expression of PI3 in serum of CD patients was observed compared to healthy controls. Consistent with our results, CD200 expression is regulated by IFN-gamma. Interaction of CD200/CD200R leads to production of type Th1 and Th17 cytokines. Regarding the PI3 genotype, the CT genotype proportion SNP rs1733103 and the GG genotype SNP rs41282752, were predominant in CD patients. SNP rs1733103 showed a significant association between the SNP variables and CD; (4) Conclusions: In celiac disease the immune checkpoint is compromised or dysregulated, which can contribute to inflammation and the autoimmunity process. The study of these checkpoint points will led to the development of targeted therapies aimed at restoring immunological balance in CD. Specific coding regions of the PI3 gene splice variants predispose the Elafin protein, both at the transcriptional and post-translational levels, to modify its expression and function, resulting in reduced differential functional protein levels in patients with active celiac disease.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1904.v1

Risks Associated with the Presence of PVC in the Environment and Methods of Its Elimination

Jerzy Chruściel, Marcin Kudzin, Dominika Piwowarska, Natalia Festinger

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: polyvinyl chloride; pollution; aquatic environment; soil; degradation

Online: 29 November 2023 (15:22:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1895.v1

ID2 Promotes Lineage Transition of Prostate Cancer through FGFR and JAK-STAT Signaling

Jinxiong Zhang, Zhihao Chen, Yongxin Mao, Lu Sheng, Jianhong Wu, Yijun He, Xin Wu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: lineage transition; prostate cancer; ID2; NEPC and DNPC

Online: 29 November 2023 (15:21:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1903.v1

Redefining Peptide 14D: Substitutional Analysis for Accelerated TB Diagnosis and Enhanced Activity against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Kai Hilpert, Tulika Munshi, Paula M López-Pérez, Joana Sequeira-Garcia, Tim J Bull

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: antimicrobial peptide; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Diagnosis; Spot synthesis; Substitution Analysis; TB; anti TB compound

Online: 29 November 2023 (15:19:12 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1900.v1

2,4‐D Herbicide‐Induced Hepatotoxicity: Unveiling Disrupted Liver Functions and Associated Biomarkers

Rafael Xavier Martins, Matheus Carvalho, Maria Eduarda de Souza Maia, Bruno Flor, Terezinha Souza, Thiago Lopes Rocha, Luís Félix, Davi Farias

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Toxicology Keywords: drug induced liver injury, emerging contaminant, oxidative stress, water pollution, agrochemical.

Online: 29 November 2023 (15:18:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1902.v1

Symmetry and Asymmetry of One-Way Einstein-Rosen Bridge Inside Black Hole

Vyacheslav Ivanovich Dokuchaev, Konstantin Eduardovich Prokopev

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: General Relativity; black holes; black hole shadow

Online: 29 November 2023 (14:22:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1896.v1

The In Vitro and In Vivo Biocontrol Capacity of Diplodia seriata Is Altered by Temperature and the Controlling Bacteria

Alejandra Larach, Paulina Vega-Celedón, Lorena Tapia, Diyanira Castillo-Novales, Michael Seeger, Ximena Besoain

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Biocontrol; Diplodia seriata; Botryosphaeria dieback; Grapevine trunk diseases; GTDs; Botryosphaeriaceae; Pseudomonas; Rhodococcus; Demelanizing activity

Online: 29 November 2023 (13:48:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1894.v1

Applications of Tungsten Pseudo-alloys in the Energy Sector

Adéla Macháčková, Otakar Bárta, Silvie Brožová

Subject: Engineering, Metallurgy And Metallurgical Engineering Keywords: tungsten pseudoalloys; high temperature alloys; tungsten recycling; energy storage systems

Online: 29 November 2023 (13:47:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1892.v1

Warm Dry Storage and Application of Gibberellins in The Lipid Profile of Chincuya Seeds (Annona purpurea Moc. & Sessé ex Dunal)

ELOÍSA VIDAL-LEZAMA, BENITO REYES-TREJO, ANGEL VILLEGAS-MONTER, HUMBERTO VAQUERA-HUERTA, ALEJANDRINA ROBLEDO-PAZ, ALEJANDRO MARTINEZ-PALACIOS, GISELA FERREIRA

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: morphophysiological; fatty acids; life cycle; hormonal regulators

Online: 29 November 2023 (13:09:00 CET)

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By virtue of the knowledge of the beneficial effect of the warm and dry storage, for the growth of the chincuya seed embryo, defined as morphological dormancy. The effect of the same type of storage was studied for the seed viability and germination by soaking gibberellic acid. Also, fatty acids and their kinetics were identified during the warm and dry storage. The following treatments were evaluated: storage time (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months), seed soaking in gibberellic acid at 350 mg L-1, and for the control, imbibition in distilled water, both for 72 h. The seed viability was evaluated through the stain test with tetrazolium chloride. The embedded seeds were germinated on absorbent paper towels and incubated at different temperatures of 30 ° C during the day and 25 ° C at night and 12 hours of photoperiod. The lipid profile was developed by gas chromatography. Seeds were held at constant temperature of 25 ± 3 ° C, in darkness, during the storage time. Results demon-strated that the high initial viability was maintained until the ninth month, when it decreases and is statisti-cally different from the other treatments. The smaller germination percentage (26.1 %) was observed in the freshly harvested seeds and, the higher one corresponded to the six months (65.6 %), with these differences being statistically significant. Regarding the identified fatty acids and their average content, it was found that 33.41 % corresponded to palmitic acid, 7.72 % to stearic acid; the arachidic acid with 1.30 %, making a total of saturated fatty acids of 42.44 %. The detected unsaturated fatty acids were: palmitoleic acid 1.52 %, oleic acid 43.37 % and linoleic acid 7.24 %, in total, 52.15 %. No significative changes were observed in the fatty acids content that are the largest part of the total seed reserves; although the higher concentrations matched with the longest germination (three months), with an average of 92.84 % total fatty acids. Specified regressions indi-cated with statistical robustness that palmitoleic and palmitic acids increased while the oleic acid decreased during the dry storage. The arachidic acid showed a slightly downward trend. Also, the concentrations of fat-ty acids were significatively different between unstored and unincubated seeds (intact) and unstored and in-cubated, but without germinating seeds (dormant), in the latter, the total fatty acids content was significantly lower. Given that the application of gibberellic acid and warm dry storage favored germination, as well as the change in fatty acid content during warm dry storage, added to the results already reported on morphological changes and embryonic growth as an effect of the same type of storage, it is established that Annona purpurea seeds present morphophysiological dormancy, also this is the first identification report of arachidic and pal-mitoleic acids in chincuya seeds and the higher germination percentage reported (65.6 %).

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1883.v1

Circulating Synthetic SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins Possibly Contribute to a Transient ACE2 Dysfunction Leading to Rare Cases of Myocarditis after COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination

Christian A. Devaux, Philippe Colson, Didier Raoult, Laurence Camoin-Jau

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: COVID-19 vaccines; mRNA vaccine; SARS-CoV-2 spike; myocarditis; ACE2; renin-angiotensin system

Online: 29 November 2023 (12:20:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1882.v1

MVA-ST Vaccination in an Aged-Hamster Model for COVID-19 Overcomes Age-Related Immune Dysfunction and Robustly Activates T Cells and Antibodies

Sabrina Clever, Lisa-Marie Schünemann, Federico Armando, Christian Meyer zu Natrup, Tamara Tuchel, Alina Tscherne, Malgorzata Ciurkiewicz, Wolfgang Baumgärtner, Gerd Sutter Sutter, Asisa Volz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: poxvirus; recombinant vaccine; preclinical model; vaccination elderly

Online: 29 November 2023 (12:19:37 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1889.v1

Quinces (Cydonia, Chaenomeles and Pseudocidonia) as Less Distinguishable Medicinal Fruits of the Rosaceae Family. Current State of Knowledge on Properties and Use

Anna Kostecka-Gugała

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: polyphenols; antioxidant; functional food; anticancer; antidiabetic

Online: 29 November 2023 (12:17:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1891.v1

Quantitative Analysis and Molecular Docking Simulation of Flavonols from Eruca sativa Mill. And Their Effect on Skin Barrier Function

Jihye Park, Wonchul Choi, Jayoung Kim, Hye Won Kim, Jee-Young Lee, Jongsung Lee, Bora Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Complementary And Alternative Medicine Keywords: Eruca sativa; Skin barrier function; Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α ; Anti-inflammation; Docking simulation

Online: 29 November 2023 (12:16:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1888.v1

SkinLesNet: Classification of Skin Lesions Using a Multi-Layer Deep Convolutional Neural Network in Dermoscopy Images

Muhammad Azeem, Kaveh Kiani, Taha Mansouri

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: deep learning; convolutional neural networks; image analysis; machine learning; ResNetV50; skin lesions; VGG16; cancer; computer vision

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:33:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1814.v1

The Chimera Revisited: Wall- and Magnetically-Bounded Turbulent Flows

Nils Tångefjord Basse

Subject: Physical Sciences, Fluids And Plasmas Physics Keywords: Wall-bounded nonionised turbulent flows; Magnetically-bounded fusion plasmas; Transport barriers; Coherent structures; Logarithmic and wake regions; Core turbulence; High Reynolds number transition

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:14:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1806.v1

Events as Elements of Physical Observation

Gerhard Müller

Subject: Physical Sciences, Thermodynamics Keywords: physical measurement; information gain; event generation; physical action; energy dissipation; spacetime extention; relativistic invariance

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:12:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1852.v1

Toward Optimal Robot Machining considering the Workpiece Surface Geometry in a Task-Oriented Approach

Aleš Hace

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: robotics; automation; robot machining; workpiece surface polishing; collaborative robot; manipulability; complex surface geometry; motion planning

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:09:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.2041.v2

How Professional and Market Logics and the Conflict Between Institutional Demands Affect Hospital Accreditation Compliance

Tiago Martins Ramos da Silva, Luciano Rossoni

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: hospital accreditation; institutional logics; organizational practices; strategic responses; institutional theory

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:09:33 CET)

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Background: Hospital accreditation has become ubiquitous in developing countries. Although studies recognize that accreditation can improve healthcare quality, efficiency, and safety, there are doubts about how hospitals deal with conflicts caused by the different institutional logics that inhabit this process. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how professional and market logics, as well as the conflict between institutional demands, affect compliance with hospital accreditation. Methods: To this end, we developed a multiple case study in four Brazilian hospitals through in-depth interviews with sixteen participants (managers, physicians, nurses, physiotherapist) and on-site observation by the triangulation between the analysis of the narratives and the results of the multiple correspondence analysis. The interpretation and subsequent categorization of the interviews were guided by the study's analytical categories: institutional logics (professional and market); adoption objectives (legitimacy and efficiency); strategic responses to adoption (conformity, non-conformity, and customization); nature of demands (origin in the means and in goal). Results. The data showed that when professional logic is prominent, there is a greater tendency to customize activities, as there are conflicts in the means by which activities can be developed. When market logic stands out, there is a risk of non-conformity, mainly because the focus falls exclusively on goals. Finally, the data point to the absence of conflicts between justifications related to efficiency and legitimacy. Conclusion. We conclude the study by highlighting the theoretical and practical implications of recognizing the conflict between logics, contributing to a deeper understanding of how logic influences the attention given to specific demands and, more significantly, how they affect compliance with hospital accreditation standards, expanding the body of knowledge in the area.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1853.v1

Design and Optimization of Combustion Chamber for Gas Turbine Engine

Nandan Kumar Jha, Bhakti Sachin Malve, Rohit Vinod Gawde

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Aviation; Marine propulsion; Combustion chamber; high power to fuel ratio; Gas turbine engines

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:08:52 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1858.v1

Ecotoxicological Impact of Bioplastics Biodegradation: A Comprehensive Review

Shakir Ali, Isha Isha, Young-Cheol Chang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: Bioplastic; Biodegradation; PLA; PBS; PBSA; Microbes; Composting; Anaerobic digestion

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:08:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0399.v44

Euclidean Relativity Solves 15 Mysteries of Physics

Markolf H. Niemz

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: spacetime; cosmology; Hubble constant; Hubble diagram; quantum mechanics

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:08:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1842.v1

Influence of Perturbation’s Type and Location on Treadmill Gait Regularity

Michalina Błażkiewicz, Anna Hadamus

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: gait; perturbations; treadmill; provoked trips; provoked slips; entropy

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:07:14 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1846.v1

New Compounds from Plants: A Perspective View

Eduarda dos Santos Oliveira, Cintia Naomi Kohatsu, Mariana Tedesco Hufnagel, Victoria Furlanetto Gennaro, Daniel Pecoraro Demarque

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: natural products; new compounds; plants

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:07:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1844.v1

Uptake and Cellular Effects of Polymethylmethacrylate on Human Cell Lines

Arthur Braun, Harald Seitz

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Toxicology Keywords: CREB; PMMA; micro-plastics; confocal microscopy; nano-plastics

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:06:17 CET)

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Preprint HYPOTHESIS | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0807.v2

Amyloid Degradation Toxicity Hypothesis: Integrative Theory of Alzheimer’s Disease

Dmitry V. Zaretsky, Maria V. Zaretskaia

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; beta-amyloid toxicity; amyloid depositions; cellular uptake; lysosome

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:06:02 CET)

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The manuscript presents the comprehensive integrative theory of the etiology and pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease - the amyloid degradation toxicity hypothesis - and describes the logic that underlies it.The analysis of amyloid biomarkers and stable-isotope label kinetics (SILK) studies suggest that AD diagnosis is associated with higher cellular uptake of beta-amyloid. Uptake of beta-amyloid by cells is needed for its cytotoxicity, so the uptake rate should correlate with the rate of neurodegeneration. Also, the initial step in forming extracellular aggregates cannot occur in the interstitial fluid due to the extremely low concentration of beta-amyloid but can occur intralysosomally. Therefore, the density of extracellular aggregates should positively correlate with the rate of cellular amyloid uptake. The model, which considers that both cytotoxicity and aggregation of beta-amyloid are defined by cellular uptake, successfully reproduces the probability distribution of AD diagnosis in the population. Cellular uptake of beta-amyloid is mediated by endocytosis. Endocytosed beta-amyloid induces lysosomal permeabilization that occurs without plasma membrane damage. Lysosomal permeabilization explains ion disturbances, such as an accumulation of intracellular calcium, caused by cell exposure to extracellular beta-amyloid. Some amyloid fragments, produced from beta-amyloid by lysosomal proteases, can form membrane channels in lysosomal membranes, which are large enough to leak cathepsins to the cytoplasm. Appearance of proteases in the cytoplasm results in necrosis and/or initiation of apoptosis. If the cell survives, the damage of lysosomes leads to autophagy failure and slow recycling of mitochondria, promoting the production of reactive oxygen species and potentiating cell damage.Considering the above, the integrative theory of AD etiology and pathogenesis can be formulated. The etiology of AD is the membrane channel formation by amyloid fragments produced in lysosomes. The pathogenesis includes lysosomal permeabilization by giant membrane channels, which leak lysosomal proteases into the cytoplasm. The correlation between the density of amyloid aggregates and the probability of AD appears because the intensity of cellular uptake defines both aggregation rates in vivo and cytotoxicity of beta-amyloid.The amyloid degradation toxicity hypothesis is the integrative theory of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It successfully interprets multiple phenomena and paradoxes associated with AD pathobiology at various levels, from molecular and cellular to biomarkers. The hypothesis explains the limitations of currently used biomarkers of AD and proposes etiology-related parameters. These parameters could be measured in humans and become novel diagnostic and prognostic clinical tools. Based on the proposed framework, we foresee the development of effective medications to treat, stall the progression of, or prevent disease development.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1845.v1

Aphid Colonization Affects Gas Exchange and Nitrogen Concentration in Urban Ornamental Shrubs

Leopold Poljaković-Pajnik, Nataša Nikolić, Branislav Kovačević, Verica Vasić, Milan Drekić, Saša Orlović, Lazar Kesić

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: aphids; shrubs; gas exchange; photosynthetic pigments; CHN partition

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:05:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1862.v1

The Study of Exotic and Invasive Plant Species in Gullele Botanic Garden, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Mehari Girmay Gebru, Kflay Gebrehiwot, Ergua Atnafe, Yared Tareke

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Ex-situ conservation; exotic species; Gullele; invasive species; native species

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:05:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1816.v1

Availability of Essential Antimicrobials in Public and Private Sector Facilities: A Cross-Sectional Survey in a District of North India

Niti Mittal, Rakesh Mittal, Sukhbir Singh, Sushila Godara

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: essential antimicrobials; essential medicine list; drug procurement; gap analysis; paediatric antibiotic formulations

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:04:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1886.v1

Genome-Wide Identification, Expression and Interaction Analyses of PP2C Family Genes in Chenopodium quinoa

Dongdong Yang, Xia Zhang, Meng Cao, Lu Yin, Aihong Gao, Kexin An, Songmei Gao, Shanli Guo, Haibo Yin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), Chenopodium quinoa, genome-wide, abiotic stress

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:03:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1847.v1

Extrusion of Apple Pomace as a Promising Treatment Method for Biocomposite Materials

Adam Ekielski, Tomasz Żelaziński, Ryszard Kulig, Adam Kupczyk

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Extruded apple pomace; biocomposites; starch potato; mechanical properties; thermal analysis.

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:02:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1849.v1

Characterization of Poultry Gelatins and Hydrolysates Prepared by a Biotechnological Method for Targeted Changes at the Molecular Level

Aneta Prokopová, Pavel Mokrejš, Robert Gál, Jana Pavlačková, Anna Hurajová

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: antioxidant activity; biotechnology; functional groups; hydrolysate; microbial population; molecular weight; gelatin

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:01:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1876.v1

The Influence of the Production Process on the Natural Cork Stoppers Permeability and Its Impact on Still Wine Aging

María Verdum, Patricia Jové

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: permeability; OTR; natural cork stopper; chemiluminescence

Online: 29 November 2023 (11:01:29 CET)

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The importance of oxygen role during aging process of wine has been long known. Many articles evaluating oxygen inlet for different wine stoppers have been published. However, none of these have studied the impact of the natural cork stoppers production process over oxygen inlet. At the moment, a standardized methodology widely accepted for measuring the oxygen transfer rate (OTR) and/or oxygen permeability of the stopper does not exist. Thus, this article is focused on the aging process (the final phase of the winemaking) and aims to test how some production process of natural cork stoppers impact on the stoppers permeability using chemiluminescence methodology and how also this affects wine ageing. In this study it has been seen that some of its processes such as the application of a surface treatment modify the permeability of the stopper. Surface plays an important role in the corks stoppers production and allows an easier insertion and extraction of the stopper into the bottle, avoiding leaks and homogenizing the stoppers. It was shown that the cork stoppers sample with surface treatment 1 had three times higher oxygen transfer rate than the cork stoppers sample with surface treatment 2 after one year of evolution. The two groups of stoppers had the same in terms of dimensions, density, visual class, batch and manufacture, the only difference between them was the surface treatment used. A red wine was corked with these two types of cork stoppers and its evolution was monitored up to 30 months of ageing. Differences were observed in the evolution of the wines both in certain oenological parameters such as the free SO2, the colour and the evolution of the polyphenols as well as at the sensory level. The wine corked with the stoppers of treatment 1 presented a faster evolution and a higher valuation in the sensory tastes of months 12th, while from the 18th month it presented an over evolution, and the score was below that of the wine with the corks of treatment 2.The data collected in this study shows that the differences observed with the chemiluminescence methodology of cork permeability test at a laboratory level are transferred to wine at the cellar. Therefore, it paves the way to standardize chemiluminescence as a methodology for permeability testing of cork stoppers. This opens a new field for the regulation of the permeability of natural cork stoppers by type of surface treatment applied.

Preprint DATA DESCRIPTOR | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1869.v1

Genomic Epidemiology Dataset for Important Nosocomial Pathogenic Bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii

Andrey Shelenkov, Yulia Mikhaylova, Vasiliy Akimkin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; healthcare-associated infections; genomic epidemiology; whole genome sequencing; cgMLST; international clones of high risk; antibiotic resistance

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:59:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0371.v4

Entropy and Its Application to Number Theory

Seiji Fujino

Subject: Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics Keywords: Entropy; Boltzmann principle; Planck's law; Dynamical system; Logistic function; ; fine structure constant; Von Koch's inequality; Riemann Hypothesis; abc conjecture

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:59:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1874.v1

Exploring the Place of Fish Skin Grafts with Omega-3 in Pediatric Wound Management

Ibrahim Cherry, Lana Tarhini, Marie Doan, Anthony De Buys Roessingh

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Wound; Scar; Child; Graft; Fish skin

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:58:49 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1870.v1

Microstructural Analysis of Sintered Ti–Al–C Composite Powder Materials

Rasa Kandrotaitė Janutienė, Darius Mažeika, Laura Gegeckienė, Ingrida Venytė, Olha Syzonenko, Andrii Torpakov

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Electron microscopy; Composites; Powder methods; Spark plasma sintering; High voltage electrical discharge; Fullerenes; Intermetallic phase; Graphene

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:57:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1854.v1

SISA: The First Extreme-Ultraviolet Solar Integral Field Spectrograph Using Slicers

Ariadna Calcines Rosario, Hamish Andrew Sinclair Reid, Sarah Matthews, Frédéric Auchère, Alain Jody Corso, Giulio Del Zanna, Jaroslav Dudik, Samuel Gissot, Laura Hayes, Graham Stewart Kerr, Christian Kintziger, Sophie Musset, Vanessa Polito, Daniel F. Ryan, David Orozco Suárez

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: EUV Spectroscopy; solar IFS; EUV slicers; image slicers; solar space mission; particle acceleration

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:56:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0051.v40

Duality Principles and Numerical Procedures for a Large Class of Non-convex Models in the Calculus of Variations

Fabio Botelho

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: duality theory; non-convex analysis; numerical method for a non-smooth model

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:56:25 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1865.v1

Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Occurrence and Progression of Long COVID and Associated Analysis Techniques

Adela Constantinescu-Bercu, Andrei Lobiuc, Olga Adriana Caliman Sturdza, Radu Oita, Monica Iavorschi, Naomi Paval, Iuliana Soldanescu, Mihai Dimian, Mihai Covasa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: immunity; inflammation; SARS-CoV-2; gene expression; sequencing

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:54:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1861.v1

Fine 3D Control of THz Emission in Air with Dual Femtosecond Laser Pre-pulses at Tunnelling Ionisation Regime

Hsin-Hui Huang, Takeshi Nagashima, Kota Kumagai, Yoshio Hayasaki, Saulius Juodkazis, Vladimir T. Tikhonchuk, Koji Hatanaka

Subject: Physical Sciences, Radiation And Radiography Keywords: THz radiation; femtosecond laser-induced breakdown; air breakdown; spatiotemporal control; coupling of temperature; density gradients in plasma; tunnelling ionisation

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:53:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1885.v1

Approach of Trajectory Generation Based on Waypoint Information for a Highly Automated Vehicle

Kirill Sviatov, Ivan Rubtsov, Aleksey Filippov, Anton Romanov

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: unmanned vehicles; autonomous vehicles; navigation; agriculture; q-learning; Reeds-Shepp curves

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:52:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1860.v1

In-situ/operando Techniques for Unraveling Mechanisms of Ionic Transport in Solid-State Lithium Indium Halide Electrolyte

Farzaneh Bahmani, Collyn Rodmyre, Karen Ly, Paul Mack, Alevtina White Smirnova

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Solid-state batteries; lithium halides; temperature; pressure; In-situ XRD and XPS

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:51:31 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1884.v1

3D Printing Methods for Bioceramic-Based Scaffold Fabrication for Craniomaxillofacial Bone Tissue Engineering

Zeeshan Sheikh, Vasudev Vivekanand Nayak, Umer Daood, Anupreet Kaur, Hanan Moussa, Abbas Canteenwala, Pierre-Luc Michaud, Ísis de Fátima Balderrama, Edisa de Oliveira Sousa, Nick Tovar, Andrea Torroni, Michael Glogauer, Huzefa Talib, Paulo G Coelho, Lukasz Witek

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Bioceramics; 3Dprinting; Bone tissue engineering; Scaffold fabrication

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:51:22 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1863.v1

A Review of Axion Lasing in Astrophysics

Liang Chen, Thomas W. Kephart

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: axions; laser; maser; parametric resonance; superradiance; Kerr black holes

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:50:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1866.v1

Centrality-based Equal Risk Contribution Portfolio

Shreya Patki, Roy H. Kwon, Yuri Lawryshyn

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Finance Keywords: networks; portfolio optimization; equal risk portfolio; asset allocation; centrality; market graph

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:49:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1881.v1

Field Simulation Technique to Enhance Mechanical Behavior and Elemental Composition of Soft Clay Soil using Thermal Treatment

Ali H. Shareef, Mohammed A. Al-Neami, Falah H. Rahil

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: bearing ratio; settlement ratio; heating; spacing; depth; CPT; EDS

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:48:59 CET)

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: Clay covers a substantial portion of the Earth. Such soil covers Iraq’s central and southern regions, where the depth of the clay may reach 150 m. All enhancement techniques and methods for transporting large loads cease to function or become prohibitively expensive in such soils. In this case, thermal treatment is the most effective method. In this study, a novel heating system was created and produced utilizing gas as the heat source via boreholes that simulate reality. The borehole heating cases were planted inside soft clay soil to enhance the soil. Different parameters were investigated, including the spacing between boreholes (3, 4, and 5 times the outer diameter of the borehole), the heating depth (1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 times the width of the model footing), the duration of heating (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 hrs), and the pattern (square, circular, triangular). The results showed the strength and behavior of the soil treated with heated boreholes at varying spacings, depths, patterns, and heating periods. The best results were found for a spacing, depth, and heating time of three times the outer diameter of the borehole, two times the width of the footing model, and eight hours, respectively. The effect of the heated borehole casing pattern was small when the heated borehole casing was used. The experiments conducted on heated soil showed that the undrained shear strength (Cu) increased from 14 to 360 kPa and then dropped to 140 kPa (as an average with depth). In contrast, the average angle of internal friction (Ø) rose from 0 to 52 degrees and decreased to 16 degrees (as an average with depth) from the center of the heating model to the furthest point affected by heating. In addition, the EDS pattern showed that components like silicon, aluminum, and iron dropped at 300 °C and rose at 400 °C in the treated soils. At 200 °C, the calcium content rose, and then dropped dramatically at 400 °C. The carbon percentage increased at 300 °C and decreased at 400 °C. The elements’ proportions showed little change or remained stable at temperatures between 400 °C and 600 °C.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1879.v1

Community Pharmacy as a Study Center for the Epidemio-logical Analysis of the Population Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2: Regulatory Rules and Prescriptions

Jacopo Raffaele Dibenedetto, Michela Cetrone, Marina Antonacci, Domenico Pio Cannone, Stefania Antonacci, Pasquale Bratta, Francesco Leonetti, Domenico Tricarico

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: vaccine; SARS-CoV-2SARS-CoV-2; distribution/dispensation of behalf of third parties , D.P.C.; antivirals; prescriptions; cardiovascular reactions; observational study; Community Pharmacy, C.PH.

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:45:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1880.v1

Relative Entropy Application to Study the Elastoplastic Behavior of the S235JR Structural Steel

Marcin Kamiński, Michał Strąkowski

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Stochastic Finite Element Method; Ramberg-Osgood material model; stochastic perturbation technique; Monte–Carlo simulation; semi-analytical method; Least Squares Method

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:42:43 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1871.v1

Progress in Achieving Fire-Retarding Cellulose-Derived Nano/Micromaterial-Based Thin Films/Coatings and Aerogels: A Review

Irina Turku, Anti Rohumaa, Tapio Tirri, Lasse Pulkkinen

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: nanocellulose; coatings; fire retardancy; nanomaterials; aerogels

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:41:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1878.v1

Effects of Recurrent Selection on Population Structure and Allele Frequencies in the M3S Maize Population

Miroslav Bukan, Ana Mandić, Vinko Kozumplik, Ramsey S. Lewis, Domagoj Šimić, Hrvoje Šarčević

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: maize; recurrent selection; grain yield, allele frequency, population structure, SSR markers

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:40:55 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1875.v1

Neuromodulation Techniques for Headache Management

Noora Reffat, Carolina Pusec, Scott J Price, Mayank Gupta, Philippe Mavrocordatos, Alaa Abd Elsayed

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: headache; migraine; chronic cluster headache; neuromodulation; pain management

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:39:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1877.v1

Enhanced Sentiment Analysis with Syntactic Dependency and Advanced Graph Convolution Model

Jane Sunny, Tom Padraig, Roggie Terry, Woods Ali

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Sentiment Analysis; Dependency Syntax; Graph Convolutional Model

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:37:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1872.v1

Hospitalization and Mortality in Children Due to COVID-19. A Single Center Retrospective Study from Brazil

Ana Carolina Pereira de Godoy, Reinaldo Bulgarelli Bestetti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology And Child Health Keywords: COVID-19; children; mortality

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:35:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1873.v1

Improved DIRECT-type Algorithm Based on a New Approach for Identification of Potentially Optimal Hyper-Rectangles

Naziheddine Belkacem, Lakhdar Chiter, Mohammed Louaked

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: Global optimization; Derivative-free global optimization; Diagonal partitioning scheme; DIRECT-type algorithms; Potentially optimal hyper-rectangles

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:22:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1868.v1

Spectral Decomposition of Gramians of Continuous Linear Systems in the Form of Hadamard Products

Igor Borisovich Yadykin

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: spectral decompositions; linear continuous systems, Gramians; Sylvester and Lyapunov equations; Xiao matrices; Hadamard product.

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:20:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1864.v1

UV-C Light Intervention as a Barrier against Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Izabela Ragan, Jessie Perez, Lindsay Hartson, Wilson Davenport, Branden Doyle

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; transmission; respiratory; viruses; healthcare; sterilization; air; hamster model; UV-C light; inactivation

Online: 29 November 2023 (10:18:14 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1840.v1

Unearthing Novel Insights: Hypericin's Interaction with Heat Shock Proteins

IVAN VITO FERRARI

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: HSP90 protein; HSC70 protein; docking study; hypericin

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:58:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1835.v1

A Portable and Disposable Electrochemical Sensor Utilizing Laser-Scribed Graphene for Rapid SARS-CoV-2 Detection

Runzhong Wang, Bicheng Zhu, Paul Young, Yu Luo, John Taylor, Alan J Cameron, Christopher J. Squire, Jadranka Travas-Sejdic

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Laser-scribed graphene; biosensor; nanobody; electrochemistry; COVID-19

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:57:13 CET)

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The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 has been the greatest global threat to human health in the last three years. The most widely used methodologies for the diagnosis of COVID-19 are quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), used to detect the viral genome, and rapid antigen tests (RATs), also known as lateral flow tests, that employ specific antibodies to detect the viral spike protein. While PCR is considered the gold standard test in terms of specificity and sensitivity, it is time-consuming and requires specialized instrumentation operated by skilled personnel. In contrast, RATs can be used in-home or at point-of care but are less sensitive leading to a higher rate of false negative results. An alternative methodology for the detection of virus is the use of electrochemical biosensors that employ disposable strip electrodes to which binding of viral components elicits a change in electrical signal. Laser-scribed graphene (LSG) electrodes are attractive candidates for use as biosensors electrodes suitable for SARS-COV-2 detection due to their low-cost, patternability and ease of fabrication. In this work, we describe the development of a biosensor for COVID-19 detection that exploits a split-ester bond ligase system (termed ‘EsterLigase’) for immobilization of a virus-specific nanobody to maintain the out-of-plane orientation of the probe to ensure the efficacy of the probe-target recognition process. An anti-spike VHH E nanobody, genetically fused with the EsterLigase domain, was used as the specific probe for the spike receptor-binding domain (SP-RBD) protein as the target. The recognition between the two was measured by the change in the charge transfer resistance, determined by fitting the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) spectra. The developed LSG-based biosensor achieved a linear detection range for the SP-RBD from 15 pM to 150 nM with a sensitivity of 0.0866 [log(M)]-1 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 7.68 pM.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1839.v1

The Sarcoma Assessment Measure (SAM): Preliminary Psychometric Validation of a Novel Patient-Reported Outcome Measure

Lee Hulbert-Williams, Nicholas J. Hulbert-Williams, Ana Martins, Lesley Storey, Jennie Bradley, Hatty O’Sullivan, Lorna A. Fern, Maria Lawal, Rachael Windsor, Craig Gerrand, Jeremy S. Whelan, Lindsey Bennister, Mary Wells, Rachel M Taylor

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: soft tissue sarcoma; bone tumours; gastrointestinal stromal tumours; quality of life; patient-reported outcome

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:51:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1829.v1

The Role of Mineralogical Compositions on Wettability via Flotation Test and Surface Complexation Modelling (SCM)

Samuel Erzuah, Ingebret Fjelde, Aruoture Voke Omekeh

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Mineralogy; Mineral Mixture; Surface Complexation Modelling (SCM); Flotation test; Electrostatic pair Linkage; Bond Product (BP); Total Bond Product (TBP); Cation Bridging; Oil Complex; Carboxylate; PHREEQ-C

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:49:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1838.v1

Comprehensive Care and Education Can Improve Nutritional and Growth Outcomes in Children with Persistent Cow’s Milk, Egg, or Peanut Allergies: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study of Nutritional Status

Tomaž Poredoš, Tina Vesel Tajnšek, Anja Koren Jeverica, Mojca Zajc Avramovič, Gašper Markelj, Nina Emeršič, Tadej Avčin

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: food allergy; children; adequate nutrition; catch-up growth.

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:48:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1824.v1

A Variational Approach to Excited Fermions on Kinks

Herbert Weigel, Danial Saadatmand

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: Kinks; fermions; Dirac sea; vacuum polarization energies; variational methods

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:47:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1836.v1

From Hemp Waste to Bioactive Nanofiber Composites: Deep Eutectic Solvents and Electrospinning in Upcycling Endeavors

Cláudia Mouro, Ana P. Gomes, Isabel C. Gouveia

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Hemp; agro-waste; deep eutectic solvents; electrospinning; gel-based blends; waste valorization; nanocomposite gels

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:47:16 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1825.v1

Use of New Ultrasonography Methods for Detecting Neoplasms in Dogs and Cats: A Review

Anna Carolina Mazeto Ercolin, Alex Silveira Uchoa, Luiz Paulo Nogueira Aires, Diego Rodrigues Gomes, Stefany Tagliatela Tinto, Giovanna Serpa Maciel Feliciano, Marcus Antônio Rossi Feliciano

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Veterinary Medicine Keywords: Elastography; Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound; Neoplasia; Metastasis; Feline; Canine

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:44:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1752.v2

Early Age- and Sex-Dependent Regulation of Astrocyte-Mediated Glutamatergic Synapse Elimination in the Rat Prefrontal Cortex: Setting an Organotypic Brain Slice Culture Investigating Tool

Eugenia Vivi, Lea R Seeholzer, Anastasia Nagumanova, Barbara Di Benedetto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: organotypic brain slice culture; astrocyte; synaptic phagocytosis; critical period; sex differences

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:43:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1749.v1

Study on Long-Term Care Service Awareness, Needs, and Usage Intention of Elderly Male Homosexuals in Taiwan and Their Ideal Long-Term Care Service Model

Hong Hong

Subject: Social Sciences, Gender And Sexuality Studies Keywords: homosexual long-term care; elderly male homosexuals; long-term care services

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:38:21 CET)

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The present study examines the long-term care service awareness, needs, and usage intention of elderly male homosexuals in Taiwan and their ideal long-term care service model. This study of five elderly male homosexual subjects aged 66 to 73 years was intended as a preliminary exploration. Interviews were used to collect data. The study determined that the five subjects had high awareness of long-term care services, as they had actual experience of long-term care services or even participated in care service staff training to obtain certificates. Some even had experience in applying for home care services and experienced problems during use. The subjects perceived that they were very likely to require long-term care services in the future and tended to use home care services if they required long-term care services. Due to their personal experiences, the subjects had negative awareness of long-term care services and worried that long-term care service staff had poor attitudes toward homosexuals. The subjects considered the most important aspects of long-term care to be basic medical care and lifestyle care. However, they worried that long-term care staff would delay or refuse to provide such services due to the subjects’ sexual orientation or stereotypes, and they were concerned above all about the “friendly attitude” of long-term care staff. They hoped that long-term care staff were friendly toward homosexuals and did not discriminate against them, and they felt that it would be more appropriate for homosexual long-term care staff to provide assistance. In terms of vision, while preferring organizations with homosexual employees, the subjects worried that they would be stigmatized and discriminated against . With regard to ideal long-term care services, while considering institutions with homosexual staff to be ideal, the subjects also worried that these would be labeled as institutions that were dedicated to homosexuals, potentially resulting in discrimination. Therefore, they hoped that the sexuality sensitivity of long-term care staff could be improved and that they would undergo professional continuing education to learn about homosexuals, the situation and care needs of homosexuals, and care techniques for homosexuals.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0338.v2

Influence of Aspect Ratio of Nylon Fibers on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete

Suliman Khan, Elena Ferretti, Shahzad Ashraf

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Nylon fibers; mechanical properties; stress-strain response; nylon-fiber reinforced concrete

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:24:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1623.v1

Safety of Floor Surfaces in Public Service Buildings: Portable Slip Testers

Gencay Sariisik, Gültekin Çoşkun

Subject: Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability And Quality Keywords: Slip resistance; Dynamic friction coefficients (DCOF); Slip safety risk; Floor surfaces; Public service buildings (PSB)

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:20:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1867.v1

Application of the Power Theory of Exchange and Money to Social Phenomena: What is money?

Yaroslav Stefanov

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Other Keywords: economic sociology; power theory of exchange and money; power; generalized power

Online: 29 November 2023 (09:14:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1859.v1

Bioaccumulation of Microcystin-LR and Induced Physio-Biochemical Changes in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) at Vegetative Stage under Hydroponic Culture Conditions

Jinlin Jiang, Yue Shi, Feng Tian, Tao Long, Xuzhi Li, Rongrong Ying

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Oryza sativa L.; microcystin-LR; bioaccumulation; physio-biochemical index; superoxide anion; NOS

Online: 29 November 2023 (08:17:03 CET)

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Irrigation with water containing a variety of microcystins (MCs) may pose potential threat to normal growth of agricultural plants. The mechanism of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) induced phytotoxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) at environmental concentrations is still unknown. Rice seedlings were exposed to MC-LR at concentrations of 0.10, 1.0, 10.0 and 50.0 μg·L−1 in hydroponic nutrient solutions for 7, 15, 20, and 34 days in the current study. The absorption and accumulation in leaf and root tissues, as well as a series of key physio-biochemical process changes in leaves of rice at different exposure time points were measured. Results showed that MC-LR could be detected in rice leaves and roots in all exposure groups, however, a significant accumulation trend of MC-LR in plants (BCF > 1) was only found in the lowest group (0.10 μg·L−1). The time-course study revealed a biphasic response of O2•- levels in rice leaves to the exposure of MC-LR, which was more pronounced in higher concentration groups, which could be attributed to the combined effects of antioxidant and detoxification mechanisms in rice. Exposure to 1.0 - 50.0 μg·L−1 MC-LR resulted in significant depletion of GSH and MDA contents in rice leaves at later exposure times. The changes of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in rice leaves under MC-LR exposure were firstly investigated in the current study. Low MC-LR concentrations promoted NOS activity, whereas high concentrations inhibited NOS activity during the later exposure times, implying that NO may play a role in MC-LR toxicity in rice. Reduced sucrose synthase (SS) activities in rice exposed to MC-LR can reduce the plant's ability to accumulate carbon and thus may be directly related to the reduction in vegetative growth. These findings suggest that even at low concentrations of MC-LR, terrestrial plants' normal physiological status is disrupted, which, when combined with previous findings, helps reveal the mechanism of MC-LR-induced phytotoxicity.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1826.v1

Oral SERD, A Novel Endocrine Therapy for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

Niraj Neupane, Sawyer Bawek, Sayuri Gurusinghe, Elham Moases Ghaffary, Omid Mirmosayyeb, Sangharsha Thapa, Carla Falkson, Ruth O’Regan, Ajay Dhakal

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: Breast cancer; Estrogen receptor-positive; endocrine therapies; resistance; selective estrogen degrades; Oral

Online: 29 November 2023 (08:15:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1837.v1

Synthesis, Antibacterial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Azido-Propargyloxy 1,3,5-Triazine Derivatives and Hyperbranched Polymers

Anna V. Tsyganova, Artem O. Petrov, Aleksey V. Shastin, Natalia V. Filatova, Victoria A. Mumyatova, Alexander E. Tarasov, Georgiy V. Malkov

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: 1,3,5-triazine; nucleophilic substitution; nitrosation reaction; azido-acetylene cycloaddition; 1,2,3-triazole; hyperbranched polymers; antibacterial activity; cytotoxicity; M-HeLa; Vero

Online: 29 November 2023 (08:10:21 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1831.v1

Smoke Toxicity: A Review of Bench‐to‐Large‐Scale Comparisons

Gabrielle Peck

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Physical Chemistry Keywords: large-scale testing; smoke toxicity; equivalence ratio; bench-to-large scale

Online: 29 November 2023 (08:07:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1823.v1

Concentration Prediction‐Based Crop Digital Twin Using Nutrient Co‐Existence and Composition in Regression Algorithms

Anahita Ghazvini, Nurfadhlina Mohd Sharef

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: rice nutrient level; fertilizer optimization; nutrient analysis; polynomial regression; nutrient prediction; environmental impact reduction

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:54:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1832.v1

Sero-Epidemiology of Lumpy Skin Disease and Determine Community Awareness Level about LSD in Different Agro-Ecological Zones of Sidama Regional State, Southern Ethiopia

Nebyou Moje, Adane Seifu, Gizachew Hailegebreal, Dereje Shegu, Gianmarco Ferrara, Serena Montagnaro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Agroecology; LSD; LSD outbreak; Sero Epidemiology Risk factor; Qualitative study

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:51:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1821.v1

Formulation and Characterization of a Microencapsulant of Sungkai Leaves Ethanol Extract (Peronema canescens Jack)

Indra Lasmana Tarigan, Farah Farah, Ratih Dyah Puspitasari, Madyawati Latief

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Peronema canescens Jack; Microencapsulation; Maltodextrin; Arabic gum; Inulin

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:48:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1780.v1

Development of Cavitation Generator Mimicing Pistol Shrimp

Hitoshi Soyama, Mayu Tanaka, Takashi Takiguchi, Matsuo Yamamoto

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: cavitation; cavitation generator; pistol shrimp; pulsed laser; pulsed water jet; piezo actuator

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:33:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1778.v1

Research on Multi-Objective Optimization of High-Speed Solenoid Valve Drive Strategies under the Synergistic Effect of Dynamic Response and Energy Loss

Zhiqing Yu, Li Yang, Jianhui Zhao, Leonid Grekhov

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: High Speed solenoid valve; Dynamic response; Energy loss; BPNN; NSGA-II; multi-objective optimization

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:31:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1810.v1

Lines and Dots Technique: A Novel Precision Approach in BoNT-A Administration for Horizontal Forehead Lines

Kamal Alhallak

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dermatology Keywords: Botulinum Toxin Type A (BoNT-A); Cosmetic Dermatology; Frontalis Muscle; Forehead Lines; Supraorbital Nerve; Supratrochlear Nerve

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:27:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1773.v1

Effect of Lupin Supplementation on the Growth, Carcass, and Meat Characteristics of Late-Fattening Hanwoo Steers

Kyung-Hwan Um, Jong-Suh Shin, Gi-Hwal Son, Byung-Ki Park

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Adenosine monophosphate; Adenosine triphosphate; Unsaturated fatty acid; Hanwoo steers; Lupin flake

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:25:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1774.v1

Raman Spectra of Delignified Plant Fibers: Exploring the Impact of Xylan’s Presence on Cellulose Spectral Features

Umesh Prasad Agarwal, Sally A. Ralph

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Paper, Wood And Textiles Keywords: Lignocellulose; biomass; hemicellulose; FT-Raman spectroscopy

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:18:50 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1781.v1

Synthesis and PET Imaging Biodistribution Studies of Radiolabeled Iododiflunisal, a Transthyretin Tetramer Stabilizer, Candidate Drug for Alzheimer’s Disease

Sameer M Joshi, Thomas C Wilson, Zibo LI, Sean Preshlock, Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo, Véronique Gouverneur, Jordi Llop, Gemma Arsequell

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Iododiflunisal; transthyretin tetramer stabilizer; small-molecule chaperone; amyloid beta; in vivo imaging; 18F; positron emission tomography (PET).

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:16:04 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1777.v1

Communitarianism, Complexity and Confusion in the Governance of Rural Sustainability Transitions in Advanced Industrial Economies: The Case of Scotland

Bill Slee

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: community; sustainability; transition; policy; governance; place-based; Scotland.

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:14:04 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1754.v1

A Novel Recyclable Magnetic Nano-catalyst for Fenton-photodegradation of Methyl Orange and Imidazole Derivatives catalytic Synthesis

Marzough A. Albalawi, Amira K. Hajri, Bassem Jamoussi, Omnia A. Albalawi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: CDC@Fe3O4; Fenton-photocatalytic dye degradation; Substituted Imidazole derivatives.

Online: 29 November 2023 (07:07:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1856.v1

Effects of Anthropogenic Activities on Sardinella maderensis (Lowe, 1838) Fisheries in Coastal Communities of Ibeju-Lekki, Lagos, Nigeria

Temitope Adewale, Denis Aheto, Isaac Okyere, Olufemi Soyinka, Samuel Dekolo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Small-scale fisheries; anthropogenic threats; Sardinella maderensis; land use change; Nigeria; remote sensing; pollution

Online: 29 November 2023 (06:32:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1848.v1

Cbct Evaluation of the Relationship between the Distance of the Apex of the Upper Central Tooth to the Nasal Floor and the Anterior Nasal Spine with Orthodontic Vertical Direction Parameters

Saadet Çınarsoy Ciğerim, Türkan Sezen Erhamza

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: orthodontic treatment; upper central; anterior nasal spine; nasal floor; CBCT; vertical growth pattern

Online: 29 November 2023 (06:31:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0124.v2

Einstein’s Special Principle of Relativity and the Translation of Physical Laws

Rudolf Fullybright

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: relativity; special principle; space-time; translation; parallelism; parallel; reference frame; successful control; law.

Online: 29 November 2023 (06:30:10 CET)

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