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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0222.v1

Film boiling around a finite size cylindrical specimen - A transient conjugate heat transfer approach

Alen Cukrov, Yohei Sato, Ivanka Boras, Bojan Ničeno

Subject: Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Keywords: low Biot number material, conjugate heat transfer, film boiling, large-scale domain, turbulent flow, Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, frozen turbulence approach

Online: 2 June 2023 (16:40:35 CEST)

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The DNS of film boiling requires strong computational resources that are difficult to obtain for a daily CFD use by the practitioners of the industrial R&D experts. On the other hand, the film boiling experiments are associated with the usage of the expensive and highly sophisticated apparatus, and the research to this end is found to be relatively difficult due to high heat flow rates that are present in the process itself. When combined with a transient heat conduction in a solid, the problem becomes significantly difficult. Therefore, a novel method in computation of conjugate heat transfer during film boiling in a quiescent liquid has been proposed in this paper. The method relies on the solution of mass, momentum and energy conservation equations in a two-fluid framework, supplemented with the appropriate closures. Furthermore, the turbulent flow has been found as an important parameter in obtaining the accurate solution of the temperature field evolution in a solid specimen, via the proper modeling of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) value, that has been imposed as a constant value, i.e., the frozen turbulence approach. It was found, in addition, that the appropriate TKE value can be obtained by use of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability theory in conjunction with the boundary layer theory. The obtained results show excellent agreement with the experimental data within the first 15 s of the experiment, i.e., the first ca. 10 % of the total duration of the film boiling mode of heat transfer. Furthermore, the heat transfer coefficient has matched the error bands prescribed by the authors of the paper that has presented the correlations, whilst the averaged values are far beyond this band, i.e., are slightly more than 30 % higher. The further inspection has revealed a measure of similarity between the computational result of the volume fraction field distribution and the experiment, thus confirming the capability of the method to obtain realistic interface evolution in time. The method has shown full capability for further pursuing the industrial-scale film boiling problems that involve turbulent flow and the conjugate heat transfer approach.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0221.v1

Artificial Intelligence in Renal Cell Carcinoma Histopathology: Current Applications and Future Perspectives

Alfredo Distante, Laura Marandino, Riccardo Bertolo, Alexandre Ingels, Nicola Pavan, Angela Pecoraro, Michele Marchioni, Umberto Carbonara, Selcuk Erdem, Daniele Amparore, Riccardo Campi, Eduard Roussel, Anna Calio, Zhenjie Wu, Carlotta Palumbo, Leonardo D Borregales, Peter F.A. Mulders, Constantijn H.J. Muselaers

Subject: Urology And Nephrology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Artificial intelligence; pathology; renal cell carcinoma; kidney cancer

Online: 2 June 2023 (15:58:27 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0220.v1

Hydrogel-Forming Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery

Xiaolin Hou, Jiaqi Li, Hang Ruan, Meng Long, Yongyu Hong, Nianping Feng, Yongtai Zhang

Subject: Biomaterials, Chemistry And Materials Science Keywords: hydrogel-forming microneedles; transdermal drug delivery; controlled release; permeation pathway; environmental response

Online: 2 June 2023 (15:57:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0219.v1

A Novel Dye-Modified Metal-Organic Framework as Bifunctional Fluorescent Probe for Visual Sensing for Styrene and Temperature

Jie Yang, Chaojun Ren, Min Liu, Wenwei Li, Daojiang Gao, Hongda Li, ZhangLei Ning

Subject: Materials Science And Technology, Chemistry And Materials Science Keywords: MOFs; fluorescent probe; dye; styrene; temperature sensing

Online: 2 June 2023 (15:52:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0218.v1

On the Development of a Digital Twin for Underwater UXO Detection Using Magnetometer-Based Data in Application for the Training Set Generation for Machine Learning Models

Marcin Blachnik, Roman Przyłucki, Sławomir Golak, Piotr Ściegienka, Tadeusz Wieczorek

Subject: Safety, Risk, Reliability And Quality, Engineering Keywords: digital twin; UXO; unexploded ordnance; training data set; magnetic field; FEM; magnetometer; Finite element method; AUV

Online: 2 June 2023 (15:45:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0217.v1

Groundwater as a reservoir for plant pathogenic bacteria : the case of Pseudomonas syringae complex in the alluvial aquifer of Avignon

Odile Berge, Salah Nofal, Frédérique Razan, Charlotte Chandeysson, Caroline Guilbaud, Anne-Laure Cognard-Plancq, Cindy E. Morris

Subject: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Aquatic microbiology; Bacteria; Microbial ecology; Phytopathogens; Irrigation

Online: 2 June 2023 (15:38:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0216.v1

Impact of Dual-Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) Postprocessing Protocols in Detection of Monosodium Urate (MSU) Deposits in Foot Tendons of Cadavers

Andrea Sabine Klauser, Sylvia Strobl, Christoph Schwabl, Christian Kremser, Werner Klotz, Violeta Vasilevska Nikodimovska, Hannes Stofferin, Yannick Scharll, Ethan Halpern

Subject: Anatomy And Physiology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Dual-energy computed tomography; gout; tendon; foot; monosodium urate deposits

Online: 2 June 2023 (14:58:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0215.v1

Experimental Study of the Correlation between the Wear and the Braking System Efficiency of an Auto-Vehicle

Ilie Filip, Andreea-Catalina Cristescu

Subject: Automotive Engineering, Engineering Keywords: Auto vehicle; Braking system efficiency; Brake pads and disc wear; Road safety; Efficiency parameters

Online: 2 June 2023 (14:53:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0214.v1

Pairs of Associated Yamabe Almost Solitons with Vertical Potential on Almost Contact Complex Riemannian Manifolds

Mancho Manev

Subject: Geometry And Topology, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: Yamabe soliton; almost contact B-metric manifold; almost contact complex Riemannian manifold; Sasaki-like manifold; torse-forming vector field

Online: 2 June 2023 (14:33:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0213.v1

Understanding the Intricacies of Iron Overload Associated With β-Thalassemia: A Comprehensive Review

Subhangi Basu, Motiur Rahaman, Tuphan Kanti Dolai, Praphulla Chandra Shukla, Nishant Chakravorty

Subject: Hematology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: β-thalassemia; iron overload; iron chelators; TDT; NTDT

Online: 2 June 2023 (14:27:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0212.v1

Pseudoscorpions of Israel: Annotated Checklist and Key, With New Records of Two Families (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones)

Sharon Warburg, Shlomi Aharon, Igor Armiach Steinpress, Prashant P. Sharma, Danilo Harms, Efrat Gavish-Regev

Subject: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics, Biology And Life Sciences Keywords: Cheiridiidae; False scorpions; Levant; Species List; Syarinidae; Taxonomy; Zoogeography

Online: 2 June 2023 (14:16:19 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0211.v1

Placental-Derived Biomaterials and Their Application to Wound Healing: A Review

Nicole M. Protzman, Yong Mao, Desiree Long, Raja Sivalenka, Anna Gosiewska, Robert J. Hariri, Stephen A. Brigido

Subject: Biomaterials, Chemistry And Materials Science Keywords: biomaterials; decellularization; extracellular matrix; placenta; placental-derived biomaterials; wound healing

Online: 2 June 2023 (14:14:07 CEST)

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Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0210.v1

Percutaneous superimposed O-arm -MRI Navigated Biopsy for Spinal Column Pathologies

Mohammad Walid Al-Smadi, István Kozma, Siran Aslan, Balázs Bölöni, Árpád Viola

Subject: Oncology And Oncogenics, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Percutaneous spinal biopsy; Imaging-guided biopsy; O-arm CT navigation; Spinal tumors; Diagnostic accuracy; Biopsy efficiency; O-arm CT-MRI fusion

Online: 2 June 2023 (14:11:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0209.v1

Entanglement Distillation Optimization using Fuzzy Relations for Quantum State Tomography

Timothy Ganesan, Irraivan Elamvazuthi

Subject: Computer Networks And Communications, Computer Science And Mathematics Keywords: practical entanglement distillation; bilevel optimization; fuzzy formulation; quantum state tomography; coupled map lattices; dual annealing

Online: 2 June 2023 (14:08:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0208.v1

Experimental Treatment with Edaravone in a Mouse Model of Spinocerebellar Ataxia 1

Martina Sucha, Simona Benediktova, Filip Tichanek, Jan Jedlicka, Stepan Kapl, Dana Jelinkova, Zdenka Purkartova, Jan Tuma, Jitka Kuncova, Jan Cendelin

Subject: Pharmacology And Toxicology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: cerebellum; edaravone; mitochondria; neurodegeneration; spinocerebellar ataxia type 1

Online: 2 June 2023 (14:01:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0207.v1

Improvement of MBBR Performance by the Addition of 3D-Printed Biocarriers Fabricated with 13X and Bentonite

Dimitra C. Banti, Petros Samaras, Afroditi G. Chioti, Anastasios Mitsopoulos, Michail Tsangas, Antonis Zorpas, Themistoklis Sfetsas

Subject: Water Science And Technology, Environmental And Earth Sciences Keywords: moving bed biofilm reactor; K1 biocarriers; 3D-printed biocarriers; biofilm; SMP; EPS; activated sludge; wastewater treatment

Online: 2 June 2023 (13:44:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0206.v1

Test Structures for the Characterization of the Gate Resistance in 16nm FinFET RF Transistors

Mario Lauritano, Peter Baumgartner

Subject: Electrical And Electronic Engineering, Engineering Keywords: Gate Resistance; Characterization; de-embedding; radio-frequency MOSFETs (RF MOS- 7 FETs); FinFET

Online: 2 June 2023 (13:39:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0205.v1

Exploring the Mechanisms Behind the Anti-tumoral Effects of Model C-scorpionate Complexes

Pedro Silva, Pedro Pinheiro, Sérgio P. Camões, Ana P.C. Ribeiro, Luísa Martins, Joana P. Miranda, Gonçalo C. Justino

Subject: Medicinal Chemistry, Chemistry And Materials Science Keywords: C-scorpionate; anti-cancer drug; anti-proliferation; anti-migration; metabolomics

Online: 2 June 2023 (12:38:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0204.v1

Methadone Maintenance and QT-interval: Prevalence and Risk Factors. Is it Effective to Switch Therapy to Levomethadone?

Laura Santin, Giuseppe Verlato, Ahmad Tfaily, Roberto Manera, Giuseppe Zinfollino, Francesca Fusina, Lugoboni Fabio

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: Methadone; levomethadone; QTc; prolongation; treatment; heroin; therapy-switch

Online: 2 June 2023 (12:24:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0203.v1

Root Coverage Using the Coronally Positioned Tunnel Technique with Acellular Dermal Matrix Comparing Two Different Suturing Techniques: A Pilot Study

Dimitrios Xygkas, Henry Greenwell, Margaret Hill, Diksha Katwal, Viktor Panagiotakopoulos

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Other Keywords: root coverage; gingival recession; suturing technique; coronally positioned tunnel; acellular dermal matrix

Online: 2 June 2023 (12:17:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0202.v1

Serum C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio as a Reliable Marker of Diabetic Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Gulali Aktas

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Internal Medicine Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus; diabetic neuropathy; inflammation; C reactive protein to albumin ratio

Online: 2 June 2023 (12:07:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0201.v1

Spiral Arm Formation of Galaxies Through ROTASE Mechanism Is Perfectly Demonstrated by Falling Rockets Venting Fuel

Hongjun Pan

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Spiral arms; Spiral galaxies; X-matter; Black holes; Galaxy evolution; Spirals by rockets

Online: 2 June 2023 (12:05:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0200.v1

Development and Performance of a Fuzzy Logic Control System for the Root-to-Shoot Ratio in an Aeroponics System for Lettuce

Jianmin Gao, Yinan Guo, Mazhar H. Tunio, Jiedong Chen

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Aeroponics; Fuzzy control; sensors; Root-shoot ratio; Lettuce

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:58:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0199.v1

Predicting the Effect of Mutations on Protein Stability and Binding: Assessment of Leading Algorithms Performance and Databases Content with Respect to Types of Mutations

Preeti Pandey, Shailesh Pandey, Prawin Rimal, Nicolas Ancona, Emil Alexov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: mutations; folding free energy change; binding free energy change; single nucleotide variant

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:58:21 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0198.v1

Surface Waterproofing Techniques: A Case Study in Nova Lima, Brazil

Lorena Carias de Freitas Gomes, Henrique Comba Gomes, Elvys Dias Reis

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: durability; waterproofing; infiltration; asphalt blankets; pathologies

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:57:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0197.v1

Effect of Carbon Nanoparticles on the Porous Texture of I-Carrageenan Based N Doped Nanostructured Porous Carbons and Implications for Gas Separation

Samantha K. Samaniego Andrade, Alfréd Kállay-Menyhárd, Szilvia Klébert, Miklós Mohai, Krisztina László

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: carbon cryogel; heteroatoms; carbon nanotubes; graphene oxide; gas adsorption

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:55:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0196.v1

Ethical Challenges in the Development of Virtual Assistants Powered by Large Language Models

Andrés Piñeiro-Martín, Carmen Garcia-Mateo, Laura Docío-Fernández, María del Carmen López Pérez

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: ethical challenges; virtual assistants; Large Language Models; ethical AI; ethical guidelines; data privacy; bias mitigation; public services; AI regulation

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:53:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0195.v1

Impact of Heavy Smoking on the Expression Levels of PGAM5, PTPRN2 and TYRO3 and Its Correlation to Male Infertility

Houda Amor, Yaser Alkhaled, Riffat Bibi, Mohamad Eid Hammadeh, Peter Michael Jankowski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Male infertility; heavy smoking; transcript level; PGAM5; PTPRN2; TYRO3

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:49:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0194.v1

An Overlooked Protein Domain, WIV, Is Found a Wide Number of Arthropod Viruses and Probably Facilitates Infection

David Karlin

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: insect viruses; arthropod virus; distant homology detection; remote homology detection; virulence factor; tospovirus; structure prediction; cypovirus; small protrusion domain

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:45:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0193.v1

A Surprisal-Based Greedy Heuristic for the Set Covering Problem

Tommaso Adamo, Gianpaolo Ghiani, Emanuela Guerriero, Deborah Pareo

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: set covering; greedy; heuristic; real-time applications

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:45:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0192.v1

Dmitry Vesnin, Dmitry Levshun, Andrey Chechulin

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: trademarks; data protection; artificial intelligence; image processing; trademark retrieval

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:37:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0191.v1

Physiological and Transcriptional Analyses Provide Insight Into Maintaining Ion Homeostasis of Sweet Sorghum Under Salt Stress

Huan Guo, Chun-Ya Nie, Zhen Li, Jie Kang, Xiao-Long Wang, Yan-Nong Cui

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: soil salinity; sodium; chloride; ion transporters; transcriptome factors

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:34:36 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0190.v1

Innovative Tools for the Nitrogen Fertilization Traceability of Organic Farming Products

Simona Fabroni, Luana Bontempo, Gabriele Campanelli, Stefano Canali, Francesco Montemurro

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: organic horticultural practices and production; chemical metabolites; isotopic ratios; multivariate analysis; chemometrics

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:29:22 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0189.v1

Analysis of Transcriptomics Data from COVID-19 Patients: Pilot Research

Dominik Hadzega, Klaudia Babisova, Michaela Hyblova, Peter Sabaka, Pavol Janega, Gabriel Minarik

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: RNA-seq; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; gene enrichment analysis; enriched pathways; differentially expressed genes; transcriptomics

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:12:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0188.v1

Biorefinery and Stepwise Strategies for Valorizing Coffee By-products as Bioactive Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals

Miguel Rebollo-Hernanz, Yolanda Aguilera, Alicia Gil-Ramírez, Vanesa Benitez, Silvia Cañas, Cheyenne Braojos, Maria A. Martin-Cabrejas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: bioactive compounds; biorefinery; coffee by-products; functional food ingredients; health benefits; nutraceuticals; sustainability; technological innovation; valorization; waste utilization

Online: 2 June 2023 (11:00:02 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0187.v1

Electrochemical Wearable Biosensors and Bioelectronic Devices Based on Hydrogels: Mechanical Properties and Electrochemical Behavior

Mohsen Saeidi, Hossein Chenani, Mina Orouji, MahsaSadat Adel Rastkhiz, Nafiseh Bolghanabadi, Shaghayegh Vakili, Zahra Mohamadnia, Amir Hatamie, Abdolreza (Arash) Simchi

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: Flexible biosensors; Electroactive hydrogel; Biocompatible polymer; Electrochemistry; Mechanical behavior

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:45:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0185.v1

Effect of Jet Nozzle Position on Mixing Time in Large Tanks

Timothy Ayodeji Oluwadero, Catherine Xuereb, Joelle Aubin, Martine Poux

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: Jet mixing; Mixing; Mixing time; Circulation time; Jet

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:35:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0184.v1

Minimally Invasive Surgery: Standard of Care for Mitral Valve Endocarditis

Cristina Barbero, Marco Pocar, Dario Brenna, Barbara Parrella, Sara Baldarelli, Valentina Aloi, Andrea Costamagna, Anna Chiara Trompeo, Alessandro Vairo, Gianluca Alunni, Stefano Salizzoni, Mauro Rinaldi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: mitral valve,; infective endocarditis; minimally invasice cardiac surgery; mini-thoracotomy; cardiac reoperation; prosthetic valve endocarditis; systemic embolization

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:32:03 CEST)

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Background. Minimally invasive surgery via right mini-thoracotomy has become the standard of care for the treatment of mitral valve disease worldwide, particularly at high volume centers. In recent years, the spectrum of indications has progressively shifted and extended to fragile and higher risk patients, also addressing more complex mitral valve disease and ultimately including patients with native or prosthetic infective endocarditis. The rationale for the adoption of the minimally invasive approach is to minimize the surgical trauma, promote an earlier postoperative recovery and reduce the incidence of surgical wound infection and other nosocomial infections. The aim of this retrospective observational study is to evaluate the effectiveness and the early and late outcome in patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery for mitral valve infective endocarditis. Methods. Prospectically collected data regarding minimally invasive surgery in patients with mitral valve infective endocarditis were entered into a dedicated database for the period between January 2007 and December 2022 and retrospectively analyzed. All comers during the study period underwent a preoperative evaluation based upon clinical history and anatomy for the allocation to the most appropriate surgical strategy. Selection for the mini-thoracotomy approach was primarily driven by a thorough transthoracic and especially transesophageal echocardiographic evaluation, coupled with total body and vascular imaging. Results. During the study period, 92 patients underwent right mini-thoracotomy to treat native (80/92, 87%) or prosthetic (12/92, 13%) mitral valve endocarditis at our institution, representing 5% of the patients undergoing minimally invasive mitral surgery. Twenty-six (28%) patients had undergone previous cardiac operations, whereas 18 (20%) presented preoperatively with complications related to endocarditis, most commonly systemic embolization. Sixty-nine and 23 patients, respectively, underwent early surgery (75%) or were operated on after the completion of targeted antibiotic treatment (25%). A conservative procedure was feasible in 16/80 (20%) patients with native valve endocarditis. Conversion to standard sternotomy was necessary in a single case (1.1%). No cases of intraoperative iatrogenic aortic dissection were reported. Four patients died perioperatively, accounting for a thirty-day mortality of 4.4%. Causes of death were refractory heart or multiorgan failure and/or septic shock. New onset stroke was observed postoperatively in one case (1.1%). Overall actuarial survival rate at 1 and 5 years after operation was 90.8% and 80.4%, whereas freedom from mitral valve reoperation at 1 and 5 years was 96.3% and 93.2%, respectively. Conclusions. The present study shows good early and long-term results in higher-risk patients undergoing minimally invasive surgery for mitral valve infective endocarditis. Total body, vascular and echocardiographic screening represent the key points to select the optimal approach and allow the extension of indications for minimally invasive surgery to sicker patients, including active endocarditis and sepsis.

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0698.v2

Adrian Constantin Stancu, Octavian Sorin Voia, Oana Maria Boldura, Sorin Aurelian Pasca, Iasmina Luca, Anca S. Hulea, Oana Roxana Ivan, Andreea Dragoescu, Bianca Cornelia Lungu, Ioan Hutu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: raccoons; canine distemper virus

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:31:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0183.v1

Barnyardgrass Stress Triggers Root Traits and Phytohormones Levels Changes in Allelopathic and Non-allelopathic Rice

Qiling Yan, Jianhua Tong, Shuyan Li, Qiong Peng

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: allelopathy; barnyardgrass; root trait; phytohormone; biotic stress

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:29:48 CEST)

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Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa spp.) is a prevalent type of weed in rice fields worldwide. Despite the growing knowledge concerning allelopathic interference with barnyardgrass, little is understood regarding the competitive mechanisms between allelopathic rice and herbicide-resistant barnyardgrass at the plant physiological level. In this context, a hydroponic system was employed to investigate the root morphological traits and different phytohormones levels of two rice cultivars, i.e., the allelopathic rice cultivar “PI312777” (PI) and the non-allelopathic rice cultivar “Lemont” (LE), when co-planted with quinclorac-resistant and -susceptible barnyardgrass, respectively. The results showed that the shoot and root biomass were greater in the allelopathic rice cultivar. Moreover, the treatments at the two time points induced an increase in shoot and root biomass of PI when subjected to barnyardgrass stress. In terms of root morphology, PI exhibited significantly higher fine-root length in diameters <0.5 mm, a greater number of root tips, and longer root tips compared to LE. In addition, the levels of different plant hormones, including auxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA), known for their diverse adaptation strategies to biotic stress, were analysed. The response to quinclorac-resistant barnyardgrass stress was consistent in terms of the content of well-known stress-related hormones, namely SA and JA. The accumulation of SA and JA was observed in both rice cultivars under the stress of quinclorac-resistant barnyardgrass, with higher contents of these hormones in PI than that in LE. The most significant change was observed in IAA and ABA contents in rice, which decreased significantly from 7 days to 14 days under co-culture stress. Additionally, PI contained higher levels of IAA and ABA than LE in the presence of barnyardgrass stress. This research may aid in the development of strategies for reducing the environmental impact of herbicides through the prudent selection of non-chemical herbicide control tactics.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0182.v1

Novel DQ-based Multicarrier PWM Strategy for a Single-phase F-type Inverter

Raad Abdulla, Mouna Bin Smida, Ali Thamallah, Aouse Khalaf, Anis Sakly

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: DQ-based control; F-type inverter; PV-powered inverter

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:28:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0181.v1

Dynamics of Freezing/Thawing Indices and Frozen Ground from 1961 to 2010 on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Xuewei Fang, Anqi Wang, Shihua Lyu, Klaus Fraedrich

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: freezing/thawing indices; permafrost dynamics; Community Land Surface Model; Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:22:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0180.v1

Incipient Inter Turn Short Circuit Fault Detection on Induction Motors Through Data Fusion and Statistical Machine Learning Strategy

Arturo Yosimar Jaen-Cuellar, Juan Jose Saucedo-Dorantes, David Alejandro Elvira-Ortiz

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Condition monitoring; Induction motor; Inter-turn short-circuit; Feature calculation; Feature reduction

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:22:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0179.v1

Analysis of the Heart Rate of Operators of Forwarding Machines during Timber Forwarding and the Dependence of Its Values on the Performed Work Activities

David Sláma, Václav Mergl, Eva Abramuszkinová Pavlíková

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: operator; forwarder; tractor with a timber trailer; ergonomics; heart rate; physical load

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:21:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0178.v1

3D Bioprinting in Cardiovascular Disease: Current Status and Future Directions

Zhonghua Sun Sun, Jack Zhao, Emily Leung, Maria Flandes-Iparraguirre, Michael Vernon Vernon, Jenna Silberstein, Elena M. De-Juan-Pardo, Shirley Jansen

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: 3D bioprinting; cardiovascular disease; cells; tissues; 3D printing

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:17:23 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0177.v1

Ferroptosis in Cancer Progression

Rongyu Zhang, Jinghong Chen, Saiyang Wang, Wenlong Zhang, Quan Zheng, Rong Cai

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: ferroptosis; cancer; EMT; angiogenesis; metastasis

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:12:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0138.v1

Study of 6√3 Reconstruction Conversion on the of 4H-SiC(0001) Surface to Quasi-free Epitaxial Graphene with Electron Diffraction

Irina Sergeevna Kotousova, Sergey Pavlovich Lebedev, Vladimir Viktorovich Antipov, Alexander Alexandrovich Lebedev

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: silicon carbide; RHEED; reconstruction; hydrogen intercalation; quasi-free single-layer graphene

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:03:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0173.v1

Improving Pure Titanium's Biological and Mechanical Characteristics through ECAP and Micro Arc Oxidation Processes

Dawit Bogale Alemayehu, Masahiro Todoh, J. H. Hsieh, Chuan Li, Song-Jeng Huang

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Pulp cell; Periodontal cell; Micro-Arc Oxidation (MAO), Sever Plastic deformation (SPD), Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP), AlamarBlue; ELISA; trypsin

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:01:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0176.v1

Scalability of Cyber-Physical Systems in Mixed Reality Experiences in ROS 2

Francisco José Mañas-Álvarez, María Guinaldo, Raquel Dormido, Sebastian Dormido-Canto

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: Multi-Robot System; Mixed Reality; ROS 2; Formation Control

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:01:50 CEST)

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Nowadays, cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are composed of more and more agents and the demand for designers to develop ever larger multi-agent systems is a fact. When the number of agents increases, several challenges related to control or communication problems arise due to the lack of scalability of existing solutions. It is important to develop tools that allow control strategies evaluation of large-scale systems. In this paper, it is considered that a CPS is a heterogeneous robot multi-agent system that cooperatively performs a formation task through a wireless network. The goal of this research is to evaluate the system's performance when the number of agents increases. To this end, two different mixed reality frameworks developed with the open-source tools Gazebo and Webots are used. These frameworks enable combining both real and virtual agents in a realistic scenario allowing scalability experiences. They also reduce the costs required when a significant number of robots operate in a real environment, as experiences can be conducted with a few real robots and a higher number of virtual robots by mimicking the real ones. Currently, the frameworks include several types of robots being the aerial robot Crazyflie 2.1 and differential mobile robots Khepera IV those used in this work. To illustrate the usage and performance of the frameworks, an event-based control strategy for rigid formations varying the number of agents is analyzed. The agents should achieve a formation defined by a set of desired Euclidean distances to their neighbors. To compare the scalability of the system in the two different tools, the following metrics have been used: formation error, CPU usage percentage, and the ratio between the real-time and the simulation time. The results show the feasibility of using Robot Operating System (ROS) 2 in distributed architectures for multi-agent systems in mixed reality experiences regardless of the number of agents and their nature. However, the two tools under study present different behaviors when the number of virtual agents grows in some of the parameters, and such discrepancies are analyzed.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0175.v1

Prognostic Impact of Non-cardiac Comorbidities on Long-Term Prognosis in Patients with Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fraction Following Acute Myocardial Infarction

Lidija Savić, Igor Mrdovic, Milika Asanin, Sanja Stankovic, Ratko Lasica, Matić Dragan, Damjan Simic, Gordana Krljanac

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Cardiac And Cardiovascular Systems Keywords: non-cardiac comorbidities; ejection fraction; myocardial infarction; prognosis

Online: 2 June 2023 (10:00:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0174.v1

Aroma Identification and Classification in 18 Kinds of Teas (Camellia sinensis) by Sensory Evaluation, Hs-Spme-Gc-Ims/Gc×gc-Ms, and Chemometrics

Yanping Lin, Ping Yang, Ying Wang, Yibiao Huang, Huanlu Song

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: tea (Camellia sinensis); solid phase micro extraction (SPME); two-dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry analysis (GC × GC-O-MS); gas chromatog-raphy-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS); aroma compounds

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:59:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0172.v1

Gels that Serve as Mucus Simulants: A Review

Appu Vinod, Rafael Tadmor, David Katoshevski, Ephraim Gutmark

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Mucus; synthetic hydrogels; polymers; gel networks

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:57:48 CEST)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0164.v1

A Non-electrolysis Bioelectric Effect for Gingivitis and Hygiene Contamination Biofilm Removal

Young Wook Kim, Jihyun Lee, Sang Kuy Han, Bon-Sang Koo, Taeguen Park, Hyun Mok Park, Byoungdoo Lee

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: biofilms; bioelectric effect; electrolysis; plaque index; gingival index

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:48:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0171.v1

Heyting Locally Small Spaces and Esakia Duality

Artur Piękosz

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Geometry And Topology Keywords: tame topology; Esakia duality; locally small space; up-spectral space

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:40:30 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0170.v1

Vascular Dysfunctions Contribute to the Long-term Cognitive Deficits Following COVID-19

zahra shabani, Jialing Liu, hua su

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Cell And Developmental Biology Keywords: Long-COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Endothelial cells; Cognitive dysfunction; Blood Brain Barrier; Neuro-inflammation

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:38:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0169.v1

Exploring the Factors Affecting Agricultural Carbon Emissions: An Empirical Analysis Using Spatial-Temporal Data

Shiying Sun, Ehsan Elahi, Zainab Khalid, Wei Wang, Xinru Liu, Peng Zhao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Agricultural carbon emissions; Low-level trap; DEA-SBM model; Tobit model; China

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:38:11 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0168.v1

A Critical Reassessment of the Kidney Risk Caused by Tetrastarch Products in the Perioperative and Intensive Care Environments

Csaba Kopitkó, Tibor Fülöp, Mihály Tapolyai, Tibor Gondos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: hydroxyethyl starch; acute kidney injury; hemodynamic monitoring; sepsis; cardiac; postoperative

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:28:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0167.v1

1,2-Diphenyl-o-carborane and its Chromium Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, X-ray Structural Studies, and Biological Evaluations

Tae-Jin Ha, Dong-Kyung Im, Seung-Min Kim, Jong-Dae Lee

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: 1,2-Diphenyl-o-carborane; Chromium Metal Complexes; Boron Neutron Capture Therapy; Biological Evaluation; Cytotoxicity

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:18:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0166.v1

Vibrational Spectroscopy of Phytochromes

Peter Hildebrandt

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: Raman, IR, spectroscopy, phytochrome, tetrapyrrole, photoswitch

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:01:39 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0165.v1

Digital Therapeutics for the Egocentric and Allocentric Neglects in Patients With Brain Injury: A Mini Review

Woo-Hyuk Jang, Sang-Min Seo

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Egocentric neglect; Allocentric neglect; Digital therapeutics; Apple cancellation test; Broken hearts test

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:01:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0161.v1

Smartphone User Identification Using Accelerometer Data

Eyhab Al-Mahadeen, Mansoor Alghamdi, Ahmad S. Tarawneh, Majed Abdullah Alrowaily, Malek Alrashidi, Ibrahim S. Alkhazi, Almoutaz Mbaidin, Anas Ali Akasasbeh, Mohammad Ali Abbadi, Ahmad B. Hassanat

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Security Systems Keywords: biometrics; deep learning; time series; feature selection; classification; accelerometer; Sustainability

Online: 2 June 2023 (09:00:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0163.v1

Posner’s Theorem and *-Centralizing Derivations on Prime Ideals with Applications

Shakir Ali, Turki M. Alsuraiheed, Mohammad Salahuddin Khan, Cihat Abdioglu, Mohammed Ayedh, Naira N. Rafique

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: Derivation; *-centralizing derivation; *-commuting derivation; involution; prime ideal; prime ring; semiprime ring

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:59:17 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0162.v1

Epidemiology and Transmission Dynamics of Viral Encephalitis in West Africa

Olalekan Chris Akinsulie, Ridwan Olamilekan Adesola, Victor Aliyu, Ifeoluwa Peace Oladapo, Abdulafees Hamzat

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Viral Encephalitis; Transmission Dynamics; Epidemiology; One Health

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:57:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0140.v1

Applicability of Diagnostic Criteria and Prevalence of Familial Dysbetalipoproteinemia in Russia

Anastasia V. Blokhina, Alexandra I. Ershova, Anna V. Kiseleva, Evgeniia A. Sotnikova, Anastasia A. Zharikova, Marija Zaicenoka, Yuri V. Vyatkin, Vasily E. Ramensky, Vladimir A. Kutsenko, Svetlana A. Shalnova, Alexey N. Meshkov, Oxana M. Drapkina

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Clinical Medicine Keywords: familial dysbetalipoproteinemia; hyperlipoproteinemia type III; APOE; apolipoprotein E; apolipoprotein B; autosomal dominant; remnant lipoproteins; hyperlipidemia; population; genetic

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:53:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0160.v1

An Improved Doppler-Aided Smoothing Code Algorithm for Bds-2/Bds-3 Un-geo Satellites in Consideration of Satellite Code Bias

Xiao Gao, Zongfang Ma, Luxiao Jia, Lin Pan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: Doppler-aided smoothed code; BDS-2; BDS-3; un-GEO; satellite code bias (SCB); multipath combination

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:51:35 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0159.v1

An Overview of Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Term Set Applications in Supply Chain Management: The State of the Art and Future Directions

Francisco Rodrigues Lima-Junior, Mery Ellen Brandt de Oliveira, Carlos Henrique Lopes Resende

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Term Sets; Supply Chain Management; Decision Making; Systematic Literature Review

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:51:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0158.v1

Modern Optimization Algorithm for Improved Performance of Maximum Power Point Tracker of Partially Shaded PV Systems

Ali M. Eltamaly

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Photovoltaic; MPPT; partial shading conditions; convergence time; failure rate; metaheuristic; dandelion optimization algorithm (DOA)

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:48:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0157.v1

LSTM-CNN Network-Based State-Dependent ARX Modeling and Predictive Control with Application to Water Tank System

Tiao Kang, Hui Peng, Xiaoyan Peng

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: LSTM-ARX model; MPC; water tank system; LSTM-CNN-ARX model

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:33:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0082.v5

Information Theory of Gravity

Jeffrey Alloy Abanto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Emergent Gravity; MOND; Modified Newtonian Gravity; Mach's Principle

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:26:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0156.v1

Flowering Phenology of Olive Cultivars in Two Climates Zones with Contrasting Temperatures (Subtropical and Mediterranean)

María Guacimara Medina-Alonso, José María Cabezas, Domingo Ríos–Mesa, Ignacio J. Lorite, Lorenzo León, Raúl De la Rosa

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Horticulture Keywords: Olea europaea L.; genetic variability; climate warming; chilling requirements

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:26:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0155.v1

Numerical Investigation on Hypersonic Flat-Plate Boundary Layer Transition Subjected to Bi-frequency Synthetic Jet

Xinyi Liu, Zhenbing Luo, Qiang Liu, Pan Cheng, Yan Zhou

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: hypersonic boundary layer transition; transition delay; bi-frequency synthetic jet; flow control; linear stability theory

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:22:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0154.v1

Conditionality of Visiting a Tourist Destination by the Degree of Environmental Risk and Attractiveness

Marko D. Petrović, Ilija Milovanović, Tamara Gajić, Veronika N. Kholina, Miroslav Vujičić, Ivana Blešić, Filip Đoković, Milan M. Radovanović, Nina Čurčić

Subject: Social Sciences, Other Keywords: environmental risk; attractiveness of the destination; tourist behavior; lifestyle; psychographic orientation

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:20:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0045.v14

The Imaginary Universe

Szymon Łukaszyk

Subject: Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics Keywords: emergent dimensionality; imaginary dimensions; natural units; fine-structure constant; black holes; neutron stars; white dwarfs; patternless binary messages; complex energy; complex force; Hawking radiation; extended periodic table; general relativity; entropic gravity; holographic principle; mathematical physics

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:15:16 CEST)

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Maxwell’s Equations in vacuum provide the negative speed of light $-c$, which leads to the imaginary set of base Planck units. However, the second, negative fine-structure constant $\alpha_2^{-1} \approx -140.178$, present in Fresnel coefficients for the normal incidence of electromagnetic radiation on monolayer graphene, establishes the different negative speed of light in vacuum $c_n \approx -3.06 \times 10^8~\text{[m/s]}$, which introduces the imaginary set of base Planck units different in magnitude from the ones parametrized with $c$. It follows that electric charges are the same in real and imaginary dimensions. We model neutron stars and white dwarfs, emitting perfect black-body radiation, as objects having energy exceeding their mass-energy equivalence ratios. We define complex energies in terms of real and imaginary natural units. Their imaginary parts, inaccessible for direct observation, store the excess of these energies. It follows that black holes are fundamentally uncharged, charged micro neutron stars and white dwarfs with masses lower than $5.7275 \times 10^{-10}~[\text{kg}]$ are inaccessible for direct observation, and the radii of white dwarfs' cores are limited to $R_{\text{WD}} < 3.3967~R_{\text{BH}}$, where $R_{\text{BH}}$ is the Schwarzschild radius of a white dwarf mass. It is conjectured that the maximum atomic number $Z=238$. A black-body object is in the equilibrium of complex energies of masses, charges, and photons if its radius $R_\text{eq} \approx 1.3833~R_{\text{BH}}$, which is marginally greater than a locally negative energy density bound of $4/3~R_{\text{BH}}$. Complex Newton’s law of universal gravitation, based on complex energies, leads to the black-body object's surface gravity and the generalized Hawking radiation temperature, which includes its charge. The proposed model takes into account the value(s) of the fine-structure constant(s), which is/are otherwise neglected in general relativity, and explains the registered (GWOSC) high masses of neutron stars' mergers and the associated fast radio bursts (CHIME) without resorting to any hypothetical types of exotic stellar objects.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0153.v1

Answer Code Validation Program with Test Data Generation for Code Writing Problem in Java Programming Learning Assistant System

Khaing Hsu Wai, Nobuo Funabiki, Soe Thandar Aung, Xiqin Lu, Yanhui Jing, Htoo Htoo Sandi Kyaw, Wen-Chung Kao

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: programming learning; Java; JUnit; code writing problem; code validation; test data generation

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:10:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0152.v1

Fine-Grained Image Recognition by Integrating Transformer Encoder Blocks in a Robust Single Stage Object Detector

Usman Ali, Seungmin Oh, Tai-Won Um, Minsoo Hann, Jinsul Kim

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Fine-grained Image Recognition; Yolov5; Transformer Encoder Block; Attention Mechanism

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:09:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0151.v1

Are Minority Forest Farmers Willing to Participate in Forest Man-Agement? Evidence from the Minority Regions of Southwest China

Ya Li, Haiqing Chang, Yaquan Dou, Xiaodi Zhao

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Other Keywords: forest landowner; management willingness; forest ecological products; minority regions; Sustainable Livelihoods Framework

Online: 2 June 2023 (08:00:27 CEST)

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Forest resources are an important material basis for ecological protection and economic devel-opment, and are responsible for the dual mission of guaranteeing national ecological safety and grain safety. Forest land is an important carrier of forest resources, and forest landowner is a direct component of forest land management. Forest landowners’ willingness to engage in forest man-agement affects whether the important value function of forest resources can be implemented. Are there differences in the willingness and behavior of forest management between ethnic minority foresters and ordinary foresters? How to stimulate the forest management willingness and behavior of forest farmers in ethnic minority areas?These questions will be about the realization of the value of forest resources. Through the analysis of 185 questionnaires in Yunnan Province, this paper clarifies the current situation of forest management of forest farmers in minority areas. Then, using the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, we select three indicators including the socio-economic at-tributes of individual farmers, the cognition and experience of forest landowners, and policy guidance. And we use the binary logistic regression model to analyze the factors affecting the willingness of forester to participate in forest management. Through the above analysis, we find that: (1) Forest landowners' willingness to engage in forest management in minority regions is relatively high, at 71.98%. (2) Individual farmers’ socioeconomic attributes have the most significant degree of influence on willingness to engage in forest management, while forest landowners' cognitive and related experiences, policy guidance and other related variables influence willingness to engage in forest management at the macro level. (3) Literacy has a significant positive contribution to man-agement intentions, while forest land area, living standard, whether they are compensated by public welfare forest, and whether they participate in the project of returning farmland to forest and grass have a significant negative effect on management intentions. (4) There are significant differences between forest landowners' willingness to engage in forest management and the influencing factors between minority regions and non-minority regions. Finally, we suggest to improve the willingness to engage in forest management and forestry industry development in minority regions through innovative management methods, concentrated and continuous large-scale management, en-couraging capital investment and driving forest landowners to "nearby employment", optimizing the logging quota system and raising the compensation standard for public welfare forests. This study has important practical significance for promoting the realization of forest ecological products value, consolidating the achievement of poverty alleviation in forest areas and realizing rural re-vitalization in China.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0150.v1

Functionalizing Diatomite-Based Micro-Arc Coatings for Orthopedic Implants: Influence of TiO₂ Addition

Alexander D. Kashin, Mariya B. Sedelnikova, Pavel V. Uvarkin, Anna V. Ugodchikova, Nikita A. Luginin, Yurii P. Sharkeev, Margarita A. Khimich, Olga V. Bakina

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: Orthopedic implants; magnesium alloy; micro-arc coating; diatomite; TiO2; in vitro biocompatibility; corrosion resistance

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:51:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0149.v1

Resolution of Periodontal Inflammation Promotes Changes in Cytokine Expression in the Intestine and Gingival Tissues of Aged Rats with DSS-induced Colitis

João Martins de Mello-Neto, Edilson Ervolino, Gayathiri Elangovan, Luan Felipe Toro, Rachel Lee, Anders Gustafsson, Carlos Marcelo da Silva Figueredo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: Cytokines; Intestine; Rats; Periodontitis; Dextran Sulphate Sodium; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:43:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0136.v1

Parametric Optimization in 3D Printed Tablets Using Statistical Methods of Experimental Design

Emma Adriana Ozon, Adina Magdalena Musuc, Iulian Sarbu, Violeta Popovici, Anca Lucia Pop, Dumitru Lupuliasa

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: 3D printing; oblong tablets; statistical methods; parametric optimization

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:41:20 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0141.v1

Target Identification in Anti-tuberculosis Drug Discovery

Rita Capela, Rita Félix, Marta Clariano, Diogo Nunes, Maria de Jesus Perry, Francisca Lopes

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Medicinal Chemistry Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; target identification; activity-based probes; affinity-based probes

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:39:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0148.v1

Microstructure Evaluation of Fly Ash Geopolymers Alkali-Activated by Binary Composite Activators

Jiangping Zhao, Yachao Wang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Alkali-activated; Microstructure; Fly ash; Binary activator; Crosslinking

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:28:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0147.v1

Intelligent Video Surveillance System with Abnormal Behavior Recognition and Metadata Retrieval

Hyungtae Kim, Joongchol Shin, Seokmok Park, Joonki Paik

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Metadata generation; abnormal recognition; metadata retrieval; intelligent surveillance system

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:27:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0126.v1

Optimizing EMG Classification through Metaheuristic Algorithms

Marcos Aviles, Juvenal Rodríguez-Reséndiz, Danjela Ibrahimi

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: PSO; GWO; metaheuristic; multilayer perceptron; hyperparameters; EMG signals; optimization; deep learning

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:19:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0146.v1

Investigation of Following Vehicle Driving Pattern using Spectral Analysis Techniques

Chandle Chae, Yongho Kim

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: sustainable traffic management; autonomous vehicle; driving behavior; car-following; spectral analysis

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:17:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0145.v1

Development of a Lux Meter for the Identification of Liquids in Post-Consumer Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles for Collection Centers in Mexico

L. Ángeles-Hurtado, Juvenal Rodríguez, Hilda Romero-Zepeda, H. Torres-Salinas, R. García-Martínez, Silvia Salas-Aguilar

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: PET; Recycling; Lux meter; Classification; ANOVA; Machine learning; Automation; Illuminance; Polymer recycling; Municipal solid waste

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:12:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0144.v1

On Scalability of FDD-based Cell-Free Massive MIMO Framework

Beenish Hassan, Sobia Baig, Saad Aslam

Subject: Engineering, Telecommunications Keywords: cell-free; massive MIMO; scalable FDD; angular reciprocity; dynamic cooperation clustering

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:11:23 CEST)

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Cell-free massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) has the potential of providing joint services including joint initial access, efficient clustering of access points (APs) and pilot allocation to user equipments (UEs) over large coverage area with reduced interference. In cell-free massive MIMO, large coverage area corresponds to provision and maintenance of scalable quality of service requirements for infinitely large number of UEs. The research in cell free massive MIMO is mostly focused on time division duplex mode due to availability of channel reciprocity which aids in avoiding feedback overhead. However, frequency division duplex (FDD) protocol still dominates the current wireless standards and the provision of angle reciprocity aids in reducing this overhead. The challenge of providing a scalable cell-free massive MIMO system in FDD setting is also prevalent, since computational complexity regarding signal processing tasks such as channel estimation, precoding/combining and power allocation, becomes prohibitively high with increase in number of UEs. In this work, we consider an FDD based scalable cell-free network with angular reciprocity and dynamic cooperation clustering approach. We have proposed scalability for our FDD cell-free and perform comparative analysis with reference to channel estimation, power allocation and precoding/combining techniques. We present expressions for scalable spectral efficiency, angle based precoding/combining schemes and provide comparison of overhead between conventional and scalable angle based estimation as well as combining schemes. Simulations confirm that the proposed scalable cell-free network based on FDD scheme outperforms the conventional matched filtering scheme based on non-scalable precoding/combiming schemes. The angle based LP-MMSE in FDD cell-free network provides 14.3% improvement in spectral efficiency and 11.11% improvement in energy efficiency compared to non-scalable MF scheme.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0143.v1

Novel Therapeutic Strategies in the Treatment of Systemic Sclerosis

Olga Gumkowska-Sroka, Kacper Kotyla, Ewa Mojs, Klaudia Palka, Przemyslaw Kotyla

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Systemic sclerosis; treatment; Janus kinase inhibitors; fibrosis; anti-cytokine treatment

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:07:00 CEST)

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Citation: Lastname, F.; Lastname, F.; Last-name, F. Title. Phar-maceuticals 2022, 15, x. https://doi.org/10.3390/xxxxx Academic Editor: Firstname Lastname Received: date Accepted: date Published: date Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdic-tional claims in pub-lished maps and insti-tutional affiliations. Copyright: © 2023 by the authors. Submitted for possible open access publication under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons 1Olga Gumkowska-Sroka, 2Kacper Kotyla, 3Ewa Mojs, 2Klaudia Palka, 1,2*Przemysław Kotyla 1. Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Voivodeship Hospital No5 in Sosnowiec Medical University of Silesia Katowice, Poland 2. Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Medical University of Silesia Katowice , Poland 3. 3. Department of Clinical Psychology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences Poznan, Poland *Correspondence: Prof Przemysław Kotyla Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland- Summary Systemic sclerosis is a connective tissue disease of unknown origin and unpredictable course, with both cutaneous and internal organ manifestations. In spite of enormous progress in rheumatology and clinical immunology, the background of diseases is largely unknown and no specific therapy exists. The therapeutic approach to the disease is aimed to treat and preserve the function of internal organs, and this approach is commonly referred to as an organ-based treatment. However, in modern times data from the other branches of medicine may help to treat disease-related complications, making it possible to find a group of drugs to be utilized in the treatment of the disease. In this review, we present possible therapeutic options aiming to stop the progression of fibrotic processes, restore aberrant immune response, stop improper signalling from proinflammatory cytokines, and halt the production of disease-related autoantibodies.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0142.v1

A Welfare Protocol to Assess the Welfare of Huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) in Conservation Centers

Enrique Bombal, Xavier Manteca, Oriol Tallo-Parra

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: behaviour; captivity; hippocamelus bisulcus; huemul; animal-based measures; welfare assessment; deer

Online: 2 June 2023 (07:06:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0118.v1

Study on Effect of Drawing Shear Factor on Underground Debris Flow in Natural Caving Method

Xiangdong Niu, Kepeng HOU, Huafen Sun

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: natural caving mining; underground mud-rock flow; drawing shear factor; rheological properties; thixotropic properties; experimental study

Online: 2 June 2023 (05:46:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0133.v1

Ocean Rise Effects on Shallow Groundwater in Coastal Areas: A Case Study in Juelsminde, Denmark

Ronja Forchhammer Mathiasen, Emilie Padkær Haugan, Theis Raaschou Andersen, Henriette Højmark Hansen, Anna Bondo Medhus, Søren Erbs Poulsen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Global sea level rise; Groundwater fluctuations; Machine learning model; Predictability; Loggers

Online: 2 June 2023 (05:44:34 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0139.v1

Neurotrophic Viruses in the Pathogenesis of ALS

Jay Lombard, Andres D. Klein

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: ALS; TDP-43; misfolded proteins; enterovirus; polio; motor neurons; retrotransposons; prions; Alzheimer’s

Online: 2 June 2023 (05:43:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0137.v1

Carbon saving potential of urban parks in the Central Plains City: A High Spatial Resolution Study Using a Forest City, Shangqiu, China as a Lens

Jianwei Gao, Haiting Han, Shidong Ge

Subject: Social Sciences, Urban Studies And Planning Keywords: urban park; carbon saving potential; high spatial resolution; Shangqiu

Online: 2 June 2023 (05:22:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0135.v1

Predicting Commercial Building Energy Consumption Using a Multivariate Multilayered Long-Short Term Memory Time-Series Model

Tan Ngoc Dinh, Gokul Sidarth Thirunavukkarasu, Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian, Saad Mekhilef, Alex Stojcevski

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: Energy consumption prediction; Time-series forecasting; Forecasting Building Energy Consumption; Long Short-Term memory

Online: 2 June 2023 (05:11:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0134.v1

An Intelligent Bat Algorithm for Web Service Selection with QoS Uncertainty

Abdelhak ETCHIALI, Amina BEKKOUCHE, Fethallah HADJILA

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Web service selection; QoS uncertainty; Bat algorithm; Service-oriented computing

Online: 2 June 2023 (05:09:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2213.v1

Farmers’ Perception of Climate Change and Its Impacts: A Case Study of Baba Mountain Valleys, Center of Bamyan Province, Afghanistan

Mustafa Hasani, Rajendra Prasad Shrestha

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: climate change; perception; impacts; temperature; precipitation; agricultural community; Bamyan; Afghanistan

Online: 2 June 2023 (05:05:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0132.v1

Synthesis of Ti-Ni and Zr-Ni Core-Shell Particles Using Galvanic Replacement

Alexander F. Dresvyannikov, Leonid E. Kalugin, Ekaterina V. Petrova

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: dispersed titanium and zirconium; mechanical mixture; galvanic replacement; metal systems Ti-Ni and Zr-Ni; core-shell structure, precursors of intermetallics

Online: 2 June 2023 (05:01:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0131.v1

Human Factors Considerations for Quantifiable Human States in Physical Human-Robot Interaction: A Literature Review

Nourhan Abdulazeem, Yue Hu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Robotics Keywords: physical human-robot interaction; human factors; robot manipulators

Online: 2 June 2023 (04:58:29 CEST)

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As the global population rapidly ages with longer life expectancy and declining birth rates, the need for healthcare services and caregivers for older adults is increasing. Current research envisions addressing this shortage by introducing domestic service robots to assist with daily activities. The successful integration of robots as domestic service providers in our lives requires them to possess efficient manipulation capabilities, provide effective physical assistance, and have adaptive control frameworks that enable them to develop social understanding during human-robot interaction. In this context, human factors, especially quantifiable ones, represent a necessary component. The objective of this paper is to conduct an unbiased review encompassing studies on human factors studied in research involving physical interactions and strong manipulation capabilities. We identified the prevalent human factors in physical human-robot interaction (pHRI), noted the factors typically addressed together and determined the frequently utilized assessment approaches. Additionally, we gathered and categorized proposed quantification approaches based on measurable data for each human factor. We also formed a map of common contexts and applications addressed in pHRI for a comprehensive understanding and easier navigation of the field. We found out that most of the studies in direct pHRI (when there is direct physical contact) focus on social behaviors with belief being the most commonly addressed human factor type. Task collaboration is moderately investigated, while physical assistance is rarely studied. In contrast, indirect pHRI (when the physical contact is mediated via a third item) studies often involve industrial settings, with physical ergonomics being the most frequently investigated human factor. More research is needed on human factors in direct and indirect physical assistance applications, including studies that combine physical social behaviors with physical assistance tasks. We also found that while the predominant approach in most studies involves the use of questionnaires as the main method of quantification, there is a recent trend that seeks to address quantification approaches based on measurable data.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2212.v1

Group B Streptococci Recto-Vaginal Colonization, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern and Associated factors among Pregnant Women at Selected Health Facilities of Wolaita Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia

Abera Kumalo Shano, Biruk Gebre Takele, Shimelis Shiferaw Jejaw, Wokil Wolde Dana, Tamirayehu Shonde Jagiso

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Immunology And Microbiology Keywords: GBS; Antibiotic susceptibility pattern; pregnant women; Wolaita Sodo; Ethiopian

Online: 2 June 2023 (04:53:16 CEST)

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Background: Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcal colonization of the gastrointestinal and genital tracts of pregnant women usually remains asymptomatic; even if it is the critical determinant of infection in neonates and young infants. It causes early and late onset of invasive Group B Streptococcus (GBS) disease manifesting as septicemia, meningitis and pneumonia. Now it is recognized as an important cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world including Ethiopia where the magnitude of the problem has been little studied. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of GBS colonization, to identify associated risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among pregnant women at selected health facilities of Wolaita Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia. Methodology: A health facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted at WSUCSH & Wolaita Sodo Health Center from June to August, 2022. A total of 279 pregnant women who were in ANC follow up with at 35-37 weeks of gestation were included. For GBS isolation, recto-vaginal swabs were inoculated in 1ml Todd-Hewitt broth medium supplemented with 10μg/ml colistin and 15μg/ml nalidixic acid and followed by identification of isolates based on colonial morphology, gram stains, catalase reaction and CAMP tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. All collected data were organized in Epi info 4.6.0.2, then transfer tabulated using SPSS version 20. Logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between variables. Finally, the p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: In present study, 279 pregnant mothers included and their age was between 15 to 38 years with a mean of 26.5 ± 4.5 years. Of all participants, the highest 120 (43.01%) were housewives. The overall carriage rate of GBS was 67(24.0%). GBS colonization showed a statistically significant association with college and above levels of maternal education [AOR= 6.610, 95% CI (1.724 - 25.349), P=0.01]. High susceptibility of GBS isolate was seen to Penicillin G & Chloramphenicol (92.5%) for each, Ampicillin, and Ceftriaxone (89.6%) each, following Vancomycin (74.62%), and Erythromycin (77%). Relatively, GBS showed high resistance to Tetracycline (88 %). Conclusion: In this study, the overall prevalence of GBS colonization was 24.0%. College and above educational level was statistically significant with GBS colonization. This study used to give attention to the management of pregnant women by making GBS culture one of the routine diagnoses during ANC follow-up and to prevent infection by early detection.

Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0362.v2

A Scrutiny of Landmark Experiments Disproves Photonic Quantum Nonlocality

Andre Vatarescu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: quantum-strong correlations; quantum Rayleigh scattering; polarization Stokes vectors

Online: 2 June 2023 (04:39:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0130.v1

Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Levofloxacin Orally Disintegrating Tablet Formulation Using Low Frequency Raman Spectroscopy

Yoshihisa Yamamoto, Mizuho Kajita, Yutaro Hirose, Naoki Shimada, Toshiro Fukami, Tatsuo Koide

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: levofloxacin; orally disintegrating tablet; crystalline form; low frequency Raman spectroscopy

Online: 2 June 2023 (04:37:48 CEST)

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