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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0138.v1

A Tool to Measure Sustainability in Biosphere Reserves Located in Prosperous Countries

Laura Sinay

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Sustainability; Biosphere Reserves

Online: 8 August 2022 (08:37:14 CEST)

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Since last century, humanity has been using and disposing of resources at a greater rate than the Earth’s biocapacity to regenerate. Consequently, habitats are being destroyed, climate is changing and, for most, life conditions are deteriorating. To avoid collapse, humanity has been, at least in theory, trying to change the foundations of development so that it becomes ‘sustainable’ and, while meeting the social, economic and environmental needs of the present, does not compromise the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. To help on this task, in the 1960s, UNESCO proposed the establishment of laboratories for developing and testing sustainable approaches. These became known as Biosphere Reserves or, simply, biospheres. Today, Biosphere Reserves are considered to be the main instrument for testing and monitoring sustainable development approaches. By 2020, there were more than 700 biospheres in over 120 countries around the world - one third of which are located in prosperous countries with very-high human development levels. As of today, there is no mechanism to objectively measure the effectiveness of these reserves that also allows comparison between biospheres, their development approaches and outcomes, or over time. The objective of this work is to present a tool that fulfills these gaps and that, additionally, helps with establishing aspirational targets and identifying key areas that need improvement. The tool focuses on Biosphere Reserves located in countries with very-high levels of human development (but can be easily adapted to other countries); it addresses the 17 sustainable development goals and considers relevant international agreements. It is based on the rational that, to become widely used, it needs to be simple. Therefore, it uses data collected for other ends, hence available, and commonly used technology, such as excel. The tool consists of a spreadsheet that links a punctuating and a colouring system to topics, criteria, indicators and measures. The case study was on the Sunshine Coast region (Australia), which is in the process of being nominated a biosphere reserve.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0119.v1

Simulation of Urban Sprawl by Comparison Cellular Automata-Markov and ANN

Milad Asadi, Amir Oshnooei-Nooshabadi, Samira-alsadat Saleh, Fattaneh Habibnezhad, Sonia Sarafraz-Asbagh, John Lodewijk Van Genderen

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: LULC; prediction; artificial neural network; Urmia; CA-Markov

Online: 5 August 2022 (09:32:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0086.v1

Airborne Microplastic in the Atmospheric Deposition, How to Identify and Quantify the Threat? Novel Semi-quantitative Approach based on Kraków Case Study

Kinga Jarosz, Rafał Janus, Mariusz Wądrzyk, Wanda Wilczyńska-Michalik, Piotr Natkański, Marek Michalik

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: airborne microplastics; urban pollution; microplastic pollution monitoring

Online: 3 August 2022 (11:01:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0077.v1

Uranium in Waters of The Southern Colorado Plateau: Implications for the Navajo Nation

Kevin D. Webster, Jonathan Credo, Jani C Ingram, Barbara A Klein

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Uranium; Groundwater; Colorado Plateau; Navajo Nation; Chinle Formation

Online: 3 August 2022 (07:46:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0440.v1

The IASI Water Deficit Index to Monitor the Vegetation Stress and the Early Drying in Summer Because of Heatwaves: an Application to Southern Italy

Guido Masiello, Francesco Ripullone, Italia De Feis, Angelo Rita, Luigi Saulino, Pamela Pasquariello, Angela Cersosimo, Sara Venafra, Carmine Serio

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: climate change; drought; water deficit index; infrared observations; satellite; remote sensing; surface temperature; air temperature; humidity; dew point temperature

Online: 29 July 2022 (02:36:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0392.v2

Adaptive Forest Management under Climate Change: Some Adaption Criteria for Practical Purposes

Fabrizio D'Aprile, Matteo Gentilucci

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: forest management methods; adaptive forest management; climate change; ecological norm

Online: 27 July 2022 (04:40:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0410.v1

Detection of Waste Plastics in the Environment: Application of Copernicus Earth Observation data

Samantha Lavender

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: plastic; tyres; waste; greenhouses; remote sensing; Copernicus; Sentinel-1; Sentinel-2

Online: 27 July 2022 (04:35:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0403.v1

Decline in Seasonal Snow During a Projected 20-Year Dry Spell

Benjamin Hatchett, Alan M. Rhoades, Daniel McEvoy

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Climate Projection; Downscaling; Drought; Runoff; Snow; Wildfire

Online: 26 July 2022 (10:42:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0392.v1

Adaptive Forest Management under Climate Change: Some Adaption Criteria for Practical Purposes

Fabrizio D'Aprile

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: forest management methods; adaptive forest management; climate change; ecological norm

Online: 26 July 2022 (07:49:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0364.v1

Knowledge Mapping of the Extant Literature on the Environmental Impacts of Using Cover Crops—a Scientometric Study

Yong Liu, Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar, Yujie Hu, Monica Zavala

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: cover crops; environment; scientometrics; network analysis

Online: 25 July 2022 (09:21:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0359.v1

Characterization of Potential Threats from Cyanobacterial Toxins in Lake Victoria Embayments and During Water Treatment

Mark Olokotum, Jean-François Humbert, Catherine Quiblier, William Okello, Ronald Semyalo, Marc Troussellier, Benjamin Marie, Kathrin Baumann, Rainer Kurmayer, Cécile Bernard

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Drinking water; rapid sand filtration; Recreational areas; Exposure; Microcystis and Dolichospermum; Microcystins

Online: 25 July 2022 (08:16:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0347.v1

AMM-FuseNet: Attention based Multi Modal Image Fusion Network for Land Cover Mapping

Wanli Ma, Oktay Karakus, Paul L. Rosin

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Multi Modal Fusion; Channel Attention; Land Cover Mapping

Online: 25 July 2022 (04:51:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0330.v1

Geologic Soil Parent Material Influence on Forest Surface Soil Chemical Characteristics in the Inland Northwest, USA

James A. Moore, Mark J. Kimsey, Mariann Johnston, Terry M. Shaw, Peter Mika, And Jaslam Poolakkal

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Forest nutrition; soil chemistry; geology; cumulative distribution functions

Online: 21 July 2022 (13:26:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0290.v1

Towards forecasting future Snow Cover Dynamics in the European Alps – The Potential of Long Optical Remote-Sensing Time Series

Jonas Koehler, André Bauer, Andreas J. Dietz, Claudia Kuenzer

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: forecast; Earth Observation; time series; Snow Line Elevation; Alps; mountains; environmental modeling; machine learning

Online: 19 July 2022 (14:20:12 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0270.v1

Thresholds in Deep-seabed Mining: A Primer for Their Development

Becky Hitchin, Samantha Smith, Kerstin Kröger, DOB Jones, Aline Jaeckel, Nelia Mestre, Jeff Ardron, Elva Escobar, Jesse Van Der Grient, Teresa Amaro

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: environmental management; deep-seabed mining; International Seabed Authority; management thresholds; regulation; precaution

Online: 18 July 2022 (11:07:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0257.v1

A Remotely Sensed Study of the Impact of Meteorological Parameters on Vegetation for the Eastern Basins of Afghanistan

Ahmad Farid Nabizada, Iman Rousta, Marjan Dalvi, Haraldur Olafsson, Anna Siedliska, Piotr Baranowski, Przemysław Tkaczyk, Jaromir Krzyszczak

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: remote sensing; vegetation coverage; drought; meteorological conditions; Afghanistan

Online: 18 July 2022 (10:04:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0248.v1

Urban Sprawl and Its Influence on Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of Bagdad City from 1985 to 2021

Azad Rasul

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Landsat; urban growth; Land Use Land Cover (LULC); remote sensing; urbanisation; NDVI

Online: 18 July 2022 (04:49:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0238.v1

Introducing New Index in Forest Roads Pavement Management System

Mohammad Javad Heidari, Akbar Najafi, Jose G. Borges

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Forest Road Distress; Pavement Management System; Unpaved Road Index; Maintenance; Deterioration

Online: 15 July 2022 (14:55:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0234.v1

Exploring Desertification in Coastal Groundwater-Dependent Agriculture through an Integrated Simulation Model

Javier Ibañez, Rolando Gartzia, Francisco Javier Alcalá, Jaime Martínez-Valderrama

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Groundwater degradation; desertification; early warning system; System Dynamics; LDN; southern Spain

Online: 15 July 2022 (13:49:30 CEST)

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Groundwater degradation is a global problem linked to irrigation agriculture and aggravated by climate change. In drylands, where aquifer recharge is low, irrigation has emerged as an engine of economic growth. This problem falls under the paradigm of desertification, as it fits the definition of this complex problem in that the degradation of drylands is due to climatic variations and inappropriate human activities. Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN), the response of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification to the lack of progress in tackling desertification, is integrated into Sustainable Development Goal 15.3 and provides the adequate framework for implementing effective solutions. LDN prioritizes prevention strategies, and early warning systems coupled to integrated simulation models is a sound approach. We analyze the dynamics of a coastal aquifer in southern Spain, a “desertification landscape” according to the Spanish National Action Plan to Combat Desertification. For this purpose, we have (i) adapted a generic desertification model that considers socio-ecological systems as a particular case of predator-prey systems; and (ii) coupled to this model a risk analysis to calculate the probabilities of groundwater salinization under the current scenario of water resources use, driven by the expansion of greenhouse agriculture supported by external water transfer. The risk of desertification is close to 100%: groundwater salinity is 40 dS m-1 (well above tomato tolerance, 3.5 dS m-1), and 2.4 Mm3 yr–1 water transfer is needed to support the 631 ha of greenhouses. This worrying result suggests that complimentary solutions should be promoted to deactivate the ongoing process of desertification. Among them, we propose reclaimed water, diversifying the economy, or promoting crops adapted to aridity. This simulation framework shows how to explore the future of a socio-ecosystem under current scenarios and others that consider climate change, the energy crisis, or the impact of alternative solutions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0226.v1

Linking Remote Sensing with APSIM through Emulation and Bayesian Optimization to Improve Maize Yield Prediction in the U.S Midwest

Hamze Dokoohaki, Teerath Rai, Marissa Kivi, Philip Lewis, Jose Gomez-Dans, Feng Yin

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: yield prediction; APSIM; optimization; Bayesian; hierarchical; emulation

Online: 15 July 2022 (05:44:05 CEST)

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The enormous increase in the volume of Earth Observations (EOs) has provided the scientific community with unprecedented temporal, spatial, and spectral information. However, this increase in the volume of EOs has not yet resulted in proportional progress with our ability to forecast agricultural systems.This study examines the applicability of EOs obtained from Sentinel2 and Landsat8 for constraining the APSIM-Maize model parameters. We leveraged leaf area index (LAI) retrieved from Sentinel2 and Landsat8 NDVI to constrain a series of APSIM-Maize model parameters in three different Bayesian multi-criteria optimization frameworks across 13 different sites across the U.S Midwest. A time variant sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the most influential parameters driving the LAI estimates in APSIM-Maize model. Then surrogate models were develop using random samples taken from the parameter space using Latin hypercube sampling to emulate APSIM’s behavior in simulating NDVI and LAI at all sites. Site-level, global and hierarchical Bayesian optimization models were then developed using the site-level emulators to simultaneously constrain all parameters and estimate the site to site variability in crop parameters. For within sample predictions, site-level optimization showed the largest predictive uncertainty around LAI and crop yield, whereas the global optimization showed the most constraint predictions for these variables. Lowest RMSE for within sample yield prediction was found for hierarchical optimization scheme (1423 Kg ha−1) while the largest RMSE was found for site-level (1494 Kg ha−1). In out-of-sample predictions within the spatio-temporal extent of the training sites, global optimization showed lower RMSE (1627 Kg ha−1) compared to the hierarchical approach (1822 Kg ha−1) across 90 independent sites in the U.S Midwest. On comparison between these two optimization schemes across another 242 independent sites outside the spatio-temporal extent of the training sites, global optimization also showed substantially lower RMSE (1554 Kg ha−1) as compared to the hierarchical approach (2532 Kg ha−1). Overall, EOs demonstrated their real use case for constraining process-based crop models and showed comparable results to model calibration exercises using only field measurements.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0186.v1

Impact of Riverbank Erosion on Rural Food Security in Bangladesh

Md Masum Billah, Abahan Majumdar, Syed Mohammad Aminur Rahman, Md Jamal Hossain, Joynulalam Talukder

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: food security; riverbank erosion; rural development; agriculture; local government

Online: 12 July 2022 (09:33:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0138.v1

Local Morphology and Internal Architecture of the Kawajiricho 2018 Debris-flow Deposit (Hiroshima, Japan)

Christopher Gomez, Kenta Imai, Anggri Muhammad Setiawan, Danang Sri Hadmoko, Junun Sartohadi, Aditya Saputra, Balazs Bradak

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Debris-flow; Hazard; Ground Penetrating Radar; Mountain hazards

Online: 8 July 2022 (10:15:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0119.v1

Modeling Crop Production under Climate Change in Southeast Nigeria: Agroecology as a Response

Chukwuma Ume, Tochukwu Onah, Sunny Ume, Ogochukwu Onah, Patience Opata, Ezinne Orie Idika, Kalu Felix

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Agroecology; Bio-economic farm models; Crop Syst; Aqua Crop; Organic farming; sustainable development

Online: 7 July 2022 (09:12:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0037.v1

Challenges and Evolution of Water Level Monitoring towards a Comprehensive, World-Scale Coverage with Remote Sensing

Mélissande Machefer, Martí Perpinyà-Vallès, Maria José Escorihuela, David Gustafsson, Laia Romero

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: remote sensing; satellite; altimetry; water level; water inland; essential climate variable; database; hydrology

Online: 4 July 2022 (08:02:24 CEST)

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Surface water availability is a fundamental environmental variable to implement effective climate adaptation and mitigation plans, as expressed by scientific, financial and political stakeholders. Recently published requirements urge the need for homogenised access to long historical records at a global scale, together with the standardised characterisation of the accuracy of observations. While satellite altimeters offer world coverage measurements, existing initiatives and online platforms provide derived water level data. However, these are sparse, particularly in complex topographies. This study introduces a new methodology in two steps 1) teroVIR, a virtual station extractor for a more comprehensive global and automatic monitoring of water bodies, and 2) teroWAT, a multi-mission, interoperable water level processor, for handling all terrain types. L2 and L1 altimetry products are used, with state-of-the-art retracker algorithms in the methodology. The work presents a benchmark between teroVIR and current platforms in West Africa, Kazakhastan and the Arctic: teroVIR shows an unprecedented increase from 55% to 99% in spatial coverage.A large-scale validation of teroWAT results in an average of unbiased root mean square error ubRMSE of 0.638 m on average for 36 locations in West Africa. Traditional metrics (ubRMSE, median, absolute deviation, Pearson coefficient) disclose significantly better values for teroWAT when compared with existing platforms, of the order of 8 cm and 5% improved respectively in error and correlation. teroWAT shows unprecedented excellent results in the Arctic, using a L1 products based algorithm instead of L2 one, reducing the error of almost 4 m on average. To further compare teroWAT with existing methods, a new scoring option, teroSCO, is presented, measuring the quality of the validation of time series transversally and objectively across different strategies. Finally, teroVIR and teroWAT are implemented as platform-agnostic modules and used by flood forecasting and river discharge methods as relevant examples. A review of various applications for miscellaneous end-users is given, tackling the educational challenge raised by the community.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0422.v1

Hydrochemistry of Medium-size Pristine Rivers in Boreal and Subarctic Zone: Disentangling Effect of Landscape Parameters across A Permafrost, Climate and Vegetation Gradient

Oleg S. Pokrovsky, Artem G Lim, Ivan V Krickov, Mikhail Korets, Liudmila S. Shirokova, S.N. Vorobyev

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: metals; trace elements; landscape; permafrost; river; watershed; boreal

Online: 30 June 2022 (08:44:41 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0400.v1

Securing Flows in the River Systems through Irrigation Water Use Efficiency - A Case Study from Karula River in the Ganga River System

Nitin Kaushal, Suresh Babu, Arjit Mishra, Rajesh Bajpai, Phanish Kumar Sinha, Rama Kant Arya, David Tickner, Conor Linstead

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Ganga; environmental flows; river conservation; Ramganga; Karula; irrigation water use efficiency; Water Users Association; minor canal

Online: 29 June 2022 (08:52:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0244.v1

Indicated Role of Small Cellular Particles in Mediating Inter-Species Interaction for Removal of Bisphenols from Conditioned Media

David Skufca, Darja Bozic, Matej Hocevar, Marko Jeran, Apolonija Bedina Zavec, Matic Kisovec, Marjetka Podobnik, Rok Tomazin, Tadeja Matos, Ales Iglic, Tjasa Griessler Bulc, Ester Heath, Veronika Kralj-Iglic

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: contaminants of emerging concern; bisphenol; microalgae; Phaeodactylum tricornutum; bacteria, extracellular vesicles; electron microscopy; flow cytometry; mass spectrometry

Online: 17 June 2022 (03:57:22 CEST)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0201.v4

Carbon Sequestration via Wood Burial: The Only Fast and Feasible Method

Kai Xu

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Carbon sequestration; Elemental stoichiometry; Energy use efficiency; First principle

Online: 10 June 2022 (15:59:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0161.v1

Translating GPDRR UNDRR 2022, Sendai Framework, and the Bali Agenda for Resilience into Action: Mangrove-Nature Based Solutions and Local Wisdom in Mitigating Sea Level Rise Flood Disasters In Indonesia

Andri Wibowo

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Bedono Village; GPDRR UNDRR 2022; the Bali Agenda for Resilience; the Sendai Framework; sea level rise

Online: 10 June 2022 (11:04:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0154.v1

Estimation of Aboveground Biomass (ABG) Using Allometric Equation: Case Study of Colo-I-Suva Forest Park in Fiji

Atanas Pipite

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Above ground biomass; allometric equation; forest conservation; climate change mitigation; Biomass; carbon dioxide; carbon Sequestration

Online: 10 June 2022 (08:15:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0184.v2

A Proposal to Use Determinants of Annoyance in Wind Farm Planning and Management

Frits van den Berg

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: wind turbine; noise annoyance; fear; worry; noise sensitivity; noise management

Online: 8 June 2022 (12:31:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0120.v1

UAV Remote Sensing for High-Throughput Phenotyping and for Yield Prediction of Miscanthus by Machine Learning Techniques

Giorgio Impollonia, Michele Croci, Andrea Ferrarini, Jason Brook, Enrico Martani, Henri Blandinières, Andrea Marcone, Danny Awty-Carroll, Chris Ashman, Jason Kam, Andreas Kiesel, Luisa M. Trindade, Mirco Boschetti, John Clifton-Brown, Stefano Amaducci

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Miscanthus; remote sensing; UAV; multispectral images; high-throughput phenotyping; machine learning; yield prediction; trait estimation; PROSAIL; multi-sensor interoperability

Online: 8 June 2022 (09:44:59 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0113.v1

Euglenoid Flagellates in Ecotoxicological Research: Progress and Perspectives

Sreejith Kottuparambil

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Euglena; toxicity; pollution; heavy metals; PAHs; pesticides; UV radiation; Fv/Fm

Online: 8 June 2022 (04:13:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0064.v1

Development of A Process For Domestic Wastewater Treatment Using Moringa Oleifera for Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Inhibition under Tropical Conditions

Nini Sané, Amandine Laffite, Stöll Serge, Mbengue Malick, Pote Joh, Le Coustumer Philippe

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: domestic wastewater; biological contamination; wastewater treatment plant; Moringa oleifera; an-tibiotic resistance

Online: 6 June 2022 (06:19:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0020.v1

Comparison of Lake Area Extraction Algorithms in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Leveraging Google Earth Engine and Landsat-9 Data

Xusheng Li, Donghui Zhang, Chenchen Jiang, Yingjun Zhao, Hu Li, Donghua Lu, Kai Qin, Donghua Chen, Yufeng Liu, Yun Sun, Saisai Liu

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Landsat-9 data; Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; Lake Waterbody; GEE; Algorithms comparison

Online: 1 June 2022 (13:14:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0390.v1

Spatiotemporal Assessment of Remotely Sensed LST Variability in Afghanistan during 2000-2021

Ahmad Farid Nabizada, Iman Rousta, Marjan Dalvi, Haraldur Olafsson, Anna Siedliska, Piotr Baranowski, Jaromir Krzyszczak

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Land Surface Temperature; LST; Afghanistan; remote sensing; FLDAS; CHIRPS; MODIS; multiple regression; anomaly analysis

Online: 30 May 2022 (08:45:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0387.v1

A New Method for Calculating Water Quality Parameters by Integrating Space-Ground Hyperspectral Data and Spectral-In situ Assay Data

Donghui Zhang, Lifu Zhang, Xuejian Sun, Yu Gao, Ziyue Lan, Yining Wang, Haoran Zhai, Jingru Li, Wei Wang, Maming Chen, Xusheng Li, Liang Hou, Hongliang Li

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: hyperspectral imager; UAV remote sensing; water quality monitoring; space-ground data; buoy spectrometer; water eutrophication; absorption characteristics

Online: 30 May 2022 (05:59:36 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0277.v2

A Historical Review of the Use of Pesticides in Colombian Agriculture

Diana Angélica Varela-Martínez, Natalia Fuentes-Molina, Diego Alejandro Riaño-Herrera

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Agriculture; agri-food sector; analytical methods; Colombia; pesticides residues, toxicology effects

Online: 27 May 2022 (09:02:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0369.v1

Carbamazepine Removal by Clay-Based Materials Using Adsorption and Photodegradation

Ilil Levakov, Yuval Shahar, Giora Rytwo

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: carbamazepine; adsorption; clay minerals; organoclays; advanced oxidation processes; photocatalysis; water reuse

Online: 27 May 2022 (04:42:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0367.v1

A New Spatial Downscaling Algorithm to Generate A Long-Term Global 250-m Resolution NDVI Product

Zhimin Ma, Chunyu Dong, Kairong Lin, Yu Yan, Jianfeng Luo, Dingshen Jiang, Xiaohong Chen

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: downscaling; NDVI; MODIS; AVHRR; GEE

Online: 26 May 2022 (10:49:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0312.v1

The fire and fodder reversal phenomenon: vertebrate herbivore activity in burned and unburned Tasmanian ecosystems

David J. Heaton, Melinda Therese McHenry, Jamie Barrie Kirkpatrick

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Tasmania; Australia; herbivory; macropods; soil moisture; grazing; blazing

Online: 24 May 2022 (03:25:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0309.v1

Steel Shot as a Risk Factor for Soils at the Area of Shooting Activity

Vladimir Lisin, Valentina Chizhikova, Tatiana Lubkova, Daria Yablonskaya

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: steel shot; iron; soil; environmental risk; shooting activity

Online: 23 May 2022 (12:28:40 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0287.v1

A Review of the Geographical Distribution, Indigenous Benefits and Conservation of African Baobab (Adansonia Digitata L.) Tree in Sub-Saharan Africa

John Adekunle Adesina, Jiangang Zhu

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: agroforestry activities; anthropogenic global warming; conservation policies; forest management; forest products

Online: 23 May 2022 (06:09:21 CEST)

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Indigenous trees have great economic potential and ecological benefits for enhancing environmental prosperity, mostly in forestry and the forest products sector in the developing countries of Sub-Sahara Africa. The baobab (Adansonia Digitata L.) is known as the African green jewel in both fruit production and medicinal benefits also remarkable for so many forest products exported across the world. Research conducted in the different Sub-Saharan African sub-regions has shown this iconic tree with a majestic outlook has a priority tree species for local and foreign use and conservation. However, data on the benefits and conservation of baobab trees in Africa, especially the Sub-Saharan countries is limited. This study aimed to assess the predominant geo-graphical distribution of the tree, the indigenous (cultural, socio-economic, ecological, and medical/health) benefits, and the conservation strategies of the baobab resources in Sub-Saharan Africa. The baobab tree's succulent roots, bulbs, branches, fruit, pods, foliage, and petals are all nourishing. Baobab parts have been used for diverse reasons in Africa, some countries of Asia, and Europe for the past two centuries due to their medicinal well-being properties. In addition, the medicinal applications of the plant parts are discussed. Many authors have highlighted the baobab tree as one of the most important trees to be saved and localized in Africa because of its high indigenous usage and commercial worth. Anthropogenic global warming may induce a drop in baobab species, which could inflict negative impacts on African economies. As a result, it's critical to research the species' likely future distribution and develop conservation policies. Literature was consulted for records and availability of this tree in the Western, Central, Eastern, and Southern African species records and it was also analyzed what percentage of the current environment would be appropriate in the future. Recent studies suggested that farmers and the locals be provided free seeds and seedlings to encourage biological rejuvenation to maximize the plant's potential, people should be informed about the additional uses of baobab that have been discovered. Individuals must also be educated on simple sustainable agroforestry activities that can be performed in plant and forest management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0273.v1

Detection of Irrigated Permanent Grasslands with Sentinel-2 Based on Temporal Patterns of the Leaf Area Index (LAI)

Mukhtar Abubakar, André Chanzy, Guillaume Pouget, Fabrice Flamain, Dominique Courault

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: irrigation; remote sensing; Sentinel-2; grasslands; leaf area index; land use classification

Online: 20 May 2022 (09:14:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0250.v1

Beach Sand Contaminated by Dog Walking? A Molecular Case Study

Elisabete Valério, Maria Leonor Santos, Pedro Teixeira, Ricardo Matias, João Mendonça, Warish Ahmed, João Brandão

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: beach; coastal sand; fecal contamination; FIB; microbial source tracking (MST)

Online: 19 May 2022 (04:18:30 CEST)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0201.v3

Wood Burial is Currently the Only Fast and Feasible Method of Carbon Sequestration

Kai Xu

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Carbon sequestration; Elemental stoichiometry; Energy use efficiency; First principle

Online: 18 May 2022 (15:49:05 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0236.v1

Review of Intelligence Required for Issuing Accurate Flood Early Warnings and Effective Disaster Response

Srimal Samansiri, Terrence Fernando, Bingunath Ingirige

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: flood warning; intelligence; information; response; FEWRS

Online: 18 May 2022 (03:46:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0210.v1

Nitrogen and Phosphorous Mass Balances Show Tropical EU-Trophic Reservoirs Behave as Variable but Persistent Sinks of Both Elements: A Case Study Using a Long-Term Series to Assess the Effect of Water Level Fluctuations

Mariel Barjau-Aguilar, Martín Merino-Ibarra, Jorge Alberto Ramírez-Zierold, Sergio Fermín Castillo-Sandoval, Gloria Vilaclara-Fatjó, Salvador Sánchez-Carrillo, Rocío Jetzabel Alcántara-Hernández, Miroslav Macek, Patricia Margarita Valdespino-Castillo, Emiliano Monroy-Ríos, Andrea Patricia Guzmán-Arias, Arantxa Sacristán-Ramírez, José Gerardo Quintanilla-Terminel, Julio Díaz-Valenzuela, Julio Antonio Lestayo-González, Oscar Alejandro Gerardo-Nieto, Roberto González-De Zayas

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Nitrogen sink; sedimentation; nitrogen fixation; management; tropical reservoir; phosphorous sedimentation

Online: 16 May 2022 (12:25:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0428.v2

Application of Advanced Land Observing Satellite 3 (ALOS-3) Data to Land Cover and Vegetation Mapping

Ram C. Sharma, Hidetake Hirayama, Keitarou Hara

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: ALOS-3; Land Cover; Vegetation; Machine learning; Classification; Mapping; Ge-nus-Physiognomy-Ecosystem level

Online: 13 May 2022 (14:45:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0105.v1

Calibration of PurpleAir PA-I and PA-II monitors using daily mean PM2.5 concentrations measured in California, Washington, and Oregon from 2017 to 2021

Lance Arthur Wallace, Tongke Zhao, Neil Klepeis

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: low-cost particle monitors; calibration factor; PurpleAir; particles; PM2.5; ALT-CF3; algorithm; PMS1003; PMS5003

Online: 9 May 2022 (06:05:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0063.v1

Determinants for Deployment of Climate-Smart Integrated Pest Management Practices: A Meta-Analysis Approach

Haruna Sekabira, Ghislain T. Tepa-Yotto, Rousseau Djouaka, Victor Clottey, Christopher Gaitu, Manuele Tamò, Yusuf Kaweesa, Stanley Peter Ddungu

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: socio-economic determinants; agricultural technologies; climate-smart; integrated pest management technologies (CS-IPM)

Online: 6 May 2022 (08:41:24 CEST)

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Following the development and dissemination of new climate-smart agricultural technologies to farmers globally, there has been an increase in the number of socio-economic studies on the adoption of climate-smart integrated pests’ management (CS-IPM) technologies over the years. In this study, we review empirical evidence on adoption determinants of CS-IPM technologies and identify possible science-policy interfaces. Generally, our review shows that socioeconomic and institutional factors are influential in shaping CS-IPM adoption decisions of farmers. More specifically, income was found to positively influence the adoption of CS-IPM technologies while land size owned influences CS-IPM adoption negatively. Registered land tenure (registered secure rights) positively influences CS-IPM technologies’ adoption, implying that efficient land markets that enable competitive and fair distribution and access to land, more so by the vulnerable but efficient smallholder producers do indeed increase the adoption of CS-IPMs technologies. Social capital, achieved via farmers’ organizations is also central in fostering CS-IPM technologies’ adoption, just as markets reforms that minimize market failures regarding access to credit, labor, and agricultural information, which could indirectly hinder farmers’ use of CS-IPM practices. Functional extension systems that improve farmers’ awareness of CS-IPM do also improve CS-IPM technologies’ adoption. However, the adoption of CS-IPM technologies in Ghana and Benin is slow-paced because of factors like lack of access to farm inputs that facilitate uptake of these technologies, lack of credit facilities, and limited extension services among others. Interestingly, our review confirms that CS-IPM technologies do indeed reduce and minimize the intensity of pesticide usage and foster ecosystem (environmental and human) health. Therefore, this review unearths strategic determinants of CS-IPM adoption and makes fundamental guidance around climate-smart innovations transfer and environmental policies that should be prioritized to curb environmental pollution and ensure agricultural ecosystems’ sustainability.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0052.v1

Hydrogeological Characterization and Statistical Analysis for Ogallala Aquifer in the Southern High Plains Region, USA

Joonghyeok Heo, Derek Haskel, Chao Dong

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Ogallala aquifer; Groundwater quality; Statistical analysis; High plains region; Permian Basin; Texas

Online: 5 May 2022 (16:13:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0045.v1

The Emerging Role and Trends of UAE Education Sector in Circular Economy - A Change Management Prospective

Shankar Subramanian Iyer

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: circular economy; eco-design; business education; economics education; competencies; Management Education; ADKAR

Online: 5 May 2022 (15:57:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0283.v1

The Functional Biogeography of eDNA Metacommunities in the Post-fire Landscape of the Angeles National Forest

Savanah Senn, Sharmodeep Bhattacharyya, Gerald Presley, Anne E. Taylor, Jillian Ford, Brandon Jasinski, Yekaterina Badalova

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: molecular ecology; functional diversity; DNA sequencing

Online: 28 April 2022 (10:31:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0277.v1

A Historical Review of the Use of Pesticides in Colombian Agriculture

Diana Angélica Varela Martínez, Natalia Fuentes Molina, Diego Alejandro Riaño Herrera

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: agriculture; agri-food sector; analytical methods; Colombia; pesticides residues

Online: 28 April 2022 (08:49:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0250.v1

Analysis and Modeling of Soil Salinity Using Sentinel-2A and LANDSAT-8 images in the Afambo Irrigated Area, Afar Region, Ethiopia

Anwar Mohammed Yimer, Terefe Hanchiso Sodango, Sileshi Abi Assefa

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: soil salinity; EC; Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2A

Online: 27 April 2022 (05:40:14 CEST)

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Soil salinity is a severe soil degradation problem mainly faced in arid and semi-arid regions. About 11 million ha of land in the arid, semi-arid, and desert parts of Ethiopia is salt-affected, especially in the Awash River basin, including Afambo irrigated area. Remote sensing approaches are significant tools for accurately predicting and modeling accurately predicting and modeling soil salinity in various world regions. This study aims to analyze and model soil salinity status in the case of Afambo irrigated areas using Landsat-8 and sentinel-2A, Afar region, Ethiopia, by applying remote sensing with field measurements. Thirty-two soil samples were collected from the topsoil (0-30 cm); out of these, 25 soil samples with various EC ranges were selected for modeling, and the remaining 7 samples were utilized to validate the model. Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2A images acquired in the same month were used to extract soil salinity indices. Linear regression analyses correlated the EC data with corresponding soil salinity spectral index values derived from satellite images. The best-performing model was selected for salinity mapping. The soil salinity indices extracted from both Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2A bands estimated soil salinity with high acceptable accuracy of R² values of SI, 0.78 and 0.81, respectively. The model results in three salinity classes with varying degree of salinity, namely, highly saline, moderately saline, and slightly saline, which covers 15.1%, 39.8% and 45.1% of the total area for Landsat-8, respectively and 26.1%, 32%, and 41.9% for sentinel 2A, respectively. Generally, the results revealed that the expansion rate of salt-affected soils has been increasing. From this study, it is possible to infer that if the present irrigation practice continues, it is expected that total the cultivated lands will become sterile within a short period. Thus, it needs to be monitored regularly to secure up-to-date knowledge of their extent to improve management practices and take appropriate actions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0137.v2

Typology of Small-Holder and Commercial Shrimp (Penaeus Vannamei) Farms, Including Threats and Challenges in Davao Region, Philippines

Misael B. Clapano, Jenie Mae T. Diuyan, France Guillian B. Rapiz, Edison D. Macusi

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Aquaculture; Davao Oriental; management; Mati City; shrimp farms; water quality

Online: 25 April 2022 (05:52:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0218.v1

A Sensitive Analysis of Drivers and Impact of Deforestation in Uganda's Virgin Tropical Rainforests Using Regression Analysis: Efforts Towards Zero Deforestation by 2030

Dastan Bamwesigye, Evans Yeboah, Dalibor Šafařík

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Agriculture; climate change; energy emission; forest transformation; policy actions; livelihood; wood fuel; Zero-Deforestation

Online: 25 April 2022 (05:24:42 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0012.v3

Quantifying Nature Positive

Anna-Mieke Mathilde Vlieg, Shadia Moazzem, Direshni Naiker, Delwyn Gloria Jones

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Nature-Positive; Quantified Benefit Assessment; Security; Wellness; Viability; Gain

Online: 21 April 2022 (17:37:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0186.v1

Spatial and In-Depth Distribution of Soil Salinity and Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cu) in Arable Irrigated Soils in Southern Kazakhstan

Małgorzata Suska-Malawska

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: arid regions; Kazakhstan; irrigated soils; soil salinity; heavy metals

Online: 20 April 2022 (08:53:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0089.v1

Present Climate of Lake Montcortès (Central Pyrenees): Paleoclimatic Relevance and Insights on Future Warming

Valenti Rull, Javier Sigró, Terea Vegas-Vilarrúbia

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: climatology; paleoclimatology; temperature; precipitation; climographs; elevational gradients; global warming

Online: 11 April 2022 (08:57:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0036.v1

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Hepatotoxicity in Zebrafish Induced by Cyhalofop-Butyl

Tao Zhou, Jia Liu, Yang Yang, Tingting Liu

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Cyhalofop-butyl; Zebrafish; Liver development; Hepatotoxic; RNA-Seq

Online: 6 April 2022 (08:33:09 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0032.v1

Avoiding the “Great Filter”: An Assessment of Climate Change Solutions and Combinations for Effective Implementation

Junze Zhang, Kerry Zhang, Marry Zhang, Jonathan H. Jiang, Philip E. Rosen, Kristen A. Fahy

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Great Filter; Climate Change; Earth; Humanity

Online: 6 April 2022 (07:51:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0395.v1

Simulation of Traffic Born Pollutant Dispersion and Personal Exposure Using High Resolution Computational Fluid Dynamics

Sadjad Tajdaran, Fabrizio Bonatesta, Denise Morrey, Byron Mason

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: air quality; nitrogen oxides; dispersion modelling; computational fluid dynamics

Online: 31 March 2022 (05:55:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0383.v1

Regional Ombrian Curves: Design Rainfall Estimation for a Spatially Diverse Rainfall Regime

Theano Iliopoulou, Nikolaos Malamos, Demetris Koutsoyiannis

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: ombrian curves; intensity-duration-frequency curves; rainfall extremes; regionalization; regional frequency analysis; spatial rainfall; design rainfall

Online: 29 March 2022 (13:39:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0379.v1

Exploring Operational Procedures to Assess Ecosystem Services on Farm Level, Including the Role of Soil Health

Johan Bouma, Janjo de Haan, Maria-Franca Dekkers

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: SDGs; Green Deal; simulation modeling; soil survey interpretation; land evaluation

Online: 29 March 2022 (09:57:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0118.v2

Case-Crossover Spatial Lag Grid Differences Between Aerosol Optical Depth-PM2.5 and Respiratory-Cardiovascular Emergency Department Visits and Inpatient Hospitalizations in Baltimore, Maryland, USA: Identification of Homogeneous Spatial Areas

John T. Braggio, Eric S. Hall, Stephanie A. Weber, Amy K Huff

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: spatial heterogeneity; AOD-PM2.5; respiratory-cardiovascular; lag grids; urban-rural; season

Online: 28 March 2022 (13:52:49 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0356.v1

Principles and Technical Application of Mixing Zones for Wastewater Discharges to Freshwater and Marine Environments

Carlos J.A. Campos, Donald J. Morrisey, Paul Barter

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: estuaries; zone of initial dilution; allocated impact zone; wastewater; modelling; water quality standards; water pollution control

Online: 28 March 2022 (08:44:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0291.v1

Analysis of the Potential Ompact of Climate Change on Climatic Droughts, Snow Dynamics and the Correlation between Them

Jose David Hidalgo Hidalgo, Antonio Juan Collados Lara, David Pulido Velazquez, Francisco Jose Rueda Valdivia, Eulogio Pardo Igúzquiza

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: climate change; drought analysis; statistical corrections; ensemble of scenarios

Online: 22 March 2022 (02:53:39 CET)

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Climate change is expected to increase the occurrence of droughts with the hydrology in alpine systems being largely determined by snow dynamics. In this paper we propose a methodology to assess the impact of climate change on both meteorological and hydrological droughts taking into account the dynamics of the snow cover area (SCA). We will also analyse the correlation between these types of droughts. We have generated ensembles of local climate scenarios based on regional climate models (RCMs) representative of potential future conditions. We have considered several sources of uncertainty: different historical climate databases, simulations obtained with several RCMs, and some statistical downscaling techniques. We then used a stochastic weather generator (SWG) to generate multiple climatic series preserving the characteristics of the ensemble scenario. These were simulated within a cellular automata (CA) model to generate multiple SCA future series. They were used to calculate multiple series of meteorological drought indices, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI)) and a novel hydrological drought index (Standardized Snow Cover Index (SSCI)). A linear correlation analysis was applied to both types of drought to analyse how they propagate and the time delay between them. We applied the proposed methodology to the Sierra Nevada (southern Spain) where we estimated a general increase in meteorological and hydrological drought magnitude and duration for the horizon 2071-2100 under the RCP 8.5 emission scenario. The SCA droughts also revealed a significant increase in drought intensity. The meteorological drought propagation to SCA droughts is reflected in an immediate or short time (1 month), obtaining significant correlations in lower accumulation periods of drought indices (3 and 6 months). This will allow us to obtain information about meteorological drought from SCA deficits and vice versa.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0207.v2

Vulnerability Assessment of Pacific Whiteleg Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) Farms and Vendors in Davao, Philippines Using FishVool

Edison D. Macusi, Nitcel Aymie Albarido, Misael B. Clapano, Mudjiekeewis D. Santos

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Aquaculture; Climate change; Davao Oriental; FishVool; Management; Mati City; Shrimp culture

Online: 17 March 2022 (10:58:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0205.v1

Modelling the Origin, Fate, and Ecological and Health Impacts of Heavy Metals from an Abandoned Mercury Mine in a Paradise Island in the Philippines

Reymar R. Diwa, Custer C. Deocaris, Lhevy D. Geraldo, Lawrence P. Belo

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: heavy metals; abandoned mine; soil pollution; potential ecological risk; multivariate analysis; health index; soil; sediments

Online: 15 March 2022 (10:58:46 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0198.v1

Closing an Open Balance: the Impact of Increased Roundwood Harvest on Forest Carbon

Sampo Soimakallio, Hannes Böttcher, Jari Niemi, Fredric Mosley, Sara Turunen, Klaus Hennenberg, Judith Reise, Horst Fehrenbach

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: forest carbon; carbon stock; roundwood harvest; climate change mitigation; life cycle assessment; scenarios; modelling

Online: 15 March 2022 (07:23:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0171.v1

Understanding Residents’ Perceptions to Improve Park-People Relationships in Wuyishan National Park, China

Siyuan He, Yang Su

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: national park; social-ecological system; ecosystem services; tea cultivation; protected area management

Online: 11 March 2022 (14:47:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0159.v1

Simplified Procedures for Managing Insecticidal Wastes; A Case of KCMUCo-PAMVERC Vector Control Product Testing Facility in North-Eastern Tanzania

Agness Msapalla, Salum Azizi, Menan Jangu, Njelembo Joshua Mbewe, Johnson Matowo, Magreth Shayo, Robert Kaaya, Benson Mawa, Amandus Joram, Mathew Kirby, Mark Rowland, Franklin Mosha

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: insecticidal wastes; waste disposal; incineration; waste pit; environment; testing facility; climate

Online: 11 March 2022 (03:53:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0137.v1

Characteristics, Threats and Challenges of Shrimp Production among Small-Holder and Commercial Penaeus vannamei Shrimp Farmers in Davao Region, Philippines

Misael B. Clapano, Jenie Mae T. Diuyan, France Guillian B. Rapiz, Edison D. Macusi

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Aquaculture; Davao Oriental; management; Mati City; shrimp farms; water quality

Online: 10 March 2022 (03:17:27 CET)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0418.v2

Unnatural Cycles: Anthropogenic Disruption To Health And Planetary Functions

Gillian Gibson, Alex G. Stewart

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: natural cycles; air pollution; asthma; chronic obstructive airways disease; mining; sustainability; circular economy

Online: 4 March 2022 (12:58:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0053.v1

Spring 2020 Aerosol Contamination of the Atmosphere over Kyiv City

Chenning Zhang, Valery Shulga, Gennadi Milinevsky, Vassyl Danylevsky, Yuliya Yukhymchuk, Volodymyr Kyslyi, Ivan Syniavsky, Mikhail Sosonkin, Olena Turos, Andrii Simon, Vasyl Choliy, Tetiana Maremukha, Arina Petrosian, Vladyslav Pysanko, Anna Honcharova, Dmitry Shulga, Natallia Miatselskaya, Varvara Morhuleva

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: aerosol; PM2.5; forest fires; AERONET; aerosol optical depth; Angstrom exponent

Online: 3 March 2022 (07:07:12 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0052.v1

Global Mangrove Deforestation and Its Interacting Social-Ecological Drivers: A Systematic Review and Synthesis

Avit K. Bhowmik, Rajchandar Padmanaban, Pedro Cabral, Maria M. Romeiras

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Mangroves; Drivers; Anthropogenic activities; Climate change; Extreme events; Wetlands; Interaction; Aquaculture; Agriculture

Online: 3 March 2022 (04:39:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0133.v2

Urban Flood Risk Assessment: Integration of Decision Making and Machine Learning

Fereshteh Taromideh, Ramin Fazloula, Bahram Choubin, Alireza Emadi, Ronny Berndtsson

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Urban flood; Decision making; Machine learning; Risk; Hazard; Vulnerability

Online: 1 March 2022 (10:18:57 CET)

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Urban flood risk mapping is an important tool for the mitigation of flooding in view of human activities and climate change. Many developing countries, however, lack sufficiently detailed data to produce reliable risk maps with existing methods. Thus, improved methods are needed that can improve urban flood risk management in regions with scarce hydrological data. Given this, we estimated the flood risk map for Rasht City (Iran), applying a composition of decision-making and machine learning methods. Flood hazard maps were produced applying six state-of-the-art machine learning methods such as classification and regression trees (CART), random forest (RF), boosted regression trees (BRT), multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), multivariate discriminant analysis (MDA), and support vector machine (SVM). Flood conditioning parameters applied in modeling were elevation, slope angle, aspect, rainfall, distance to river (DTR), distance to streets (DTS), soil hydrological group (SHG), curve number (CN), distance to urban drainage (DTUD), urban drainage density (UDD), and land use. In total, 93 flood location points were collected from the regional water company of Gilan province combined with field surveys. We used the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) decision-making tool for creating an urban flood vulnerability map, which is according to population density (PD), dwelling quality (DQ), household income (HI), distance to cultural heritage (DTCH), distance to medical centers and hospitals (DTMCH), and land use. Then, the urban flood risk map was derived according to flood vulnerability and flood hazard maps. Evaluation of models was performed using receiver-operator characteristic curve (ROC), accuracy, probability of detection (POD), false alarm ratio (FAR), and precision. The findings showed that the CART method is most accurate method (AUC = 0.947, accuracy = 0.892, POD = 0.867, FAR = 0.071, and precision = 0.929). The results also demonstrated that DTR, UDD, and DTUD played important roles in flood hazard modeling; whereas, the population density was the most significant parameter in vulnerability mapping. These findings indicated that machine learning methods can improve urban flood risk management significantly in regions with limited hydrological data.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0186.v2

The Psychological Potential of Water Surfaces in Urban Design: A Study of Urban Environments in Prague and Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Lucie Havránková, Pavel Ondr, Jana Moravcová, Jiří Sláma

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: waterfront; ecopsychology; urbanism; Prague; Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Online: 23 February 2022 (06:54:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0283.v1

Particulate Matter Measurement with Low-Cost Sensors—Investigation of Data Quality and the Benefit of Data Correction Approaches

Tobias von Kuyck-Studzinski, Thoralf Buller, Alexander Conrad

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: fine dust measurement (PM2.5, PM10); LoRaWAN; internet of things; low-cost sensors; SDS011; level-indication measurements; sustainability

Online: 22 February 2022 (20:10:59 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0220.v2

Environmental and Socioeconomic Impacts of Shrimp Farming in the Philippines: A Critical Analysis Using PRISMA

Edison D. Macusi, Darshel Ester P. Estor, Elaine Q. Borazon, Misael B. Clapano, Mudjiekeewis D. Santos

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Aquaculture; environmental impacts; PRISMA; shrimp aquaculture; socioeconomic impacts

Online: 21 February 2022 (10:48:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0236.v1

COVID-19 (2020) Impact on Air Quality of the State of Kuwait

Jasem Albanai, Maryam Shehab, Arie Vatresia, Hassan Al-Dashti

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Kuwait; Covid-19; Air quality Index; GeoHealth; Kernel Density

Online: 18 February 2022 (12:27:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0207.v1

Vulnerability Assessment of Pacific Whiteleg Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) Farms and Vendors in Davao, Philippines Using FishVool

Edison D. Macusi, Nitcel Aymie Albarido, Misael B. Clapano, Mudjiekeewis D. Santos

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Aquaculture; Climate change; Davao Oriental; FishVool; Management; Mati City; Shrimp culture

Online: 17 February 2022 (10:50:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0201.v1

Prediction of Windthrow Damage in Mixed Conifer-Broadleaf Stands via a Machine Learning Model

Vasiliki Dimou, Konstantinos Demertzis, Apostolos Kantartzis

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: wind damage; wind disturbance; Pinus sylvestris; Picea abies; machine learning; random forest

Online: 17 February 2022 (05:06:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0199.v1

Ensemble Machine Learning Outperforms Empirical Equations for the Ground Heat Flux Estimation with Remote Sensing Data

Josep Bonsoms, Gilles Boulet

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: ground heat flux; machine learning; remote sensing; surface energy balance

Online: 17 February 2022 (04:33:43 CET)

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Estimating evapotranspiration at field scale is a major component of sustainable water management. Due to the difficulty to assess some major unknowns of the water cycle at that scale, including irrigation amounts, evapotranspiration is often computed as the residual of the instantaneous surface energy budget. One of the Surface Energy Bal-ance components with the largest uncertainties in their quantification over bare soils and sparse vegetation areas is the ground heat flux (G). Over the last decades, the es-timation of G with RS data has been mainly achieved with empirical equations, on the basis of the G and net radiation (Rn) ratio, G/Rn. G/Rn empirical equations generally require vegetation data (Type I empirical equations), in combination with surface tem-perature (Ts) and albedo (Type II empirical equations). In this article we aim to evalu-ate the estimation of G with RS. For the first time, we compare eight G/Rn empirical equations against two types of machine learning (ML) methods: an ensemble ML type, the Random Forest (RF), and the Neural Networks (NN). The comparison of each method is evaluated over dense dataset, including a wide range of climate and land covers, with data of Eddy-Covariance towers extended along the mid-latitude area that encompass the European and African continent. Our results have shown evidence that the driver of G in bare soils and sparse vegetation areas (Fraction of Vegetation, Fv <= 0.25) is Ts, instead of vegetation greenness indexes. On the other hand, the estimation of G with Rn, Ts or Fv decreases at dense vegetation areas (Fv >= 0.50). There are not significant differences between the most accurate type I and II empirical equations. For bare soils and sparse vegetation areas the empirical equation that better estimates G is E8, which combines the Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Ts. In dense vegetation areas (Fv >= 0.25), an exponential empirical equation based on Fv (E4), shows the best performance. However, ML better estimates G than the empirical equations, independently of the Fv ranges. A RF model with Rn, LAI and Ts as predictor variables shows the best accuracy and performance metrics, outperforming the NN model.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0186.v1

The Psychological Potential of Water Surfaces in Urban Design: A Study of Urban Environments in Prague and Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Lucie Havránková, Pavel Ondr, Jana Moravcová, Jiří Sláma

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: waterfront; ecopsychology; urbanism; Prague; Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Online: 15 February 2022 (10:15:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0142.v1

Intercomparison Of PurpleAir Sensor Performance Over Three Years Indoors and Outdoors at a Home: Bias, Precision, and Limit of Detection Using an Improved Algorithm for Calculating PM2.5

Lance Wallace

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: low-cost particle monitors; PurpleAir: PM2.5; bias; precision; limit of detection; Plantower; PMS-5003 sensors

Online: 9 February 2022 (15:04:56 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0012.v2

Quantifying Nature Positive

Anna-Mieke Mathilde Vlieg, Shadia Moazzem, Direshni Naiker, Delwyn Gloria Jones

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Nature-Positive; Quantified Benefit Assessment; Security; Wellness; Viability; Gain

Online: 9 February 2022 (10:50:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0443.v1

A Study of Urban Flood Safety Patterns in Built-up Areas of Bangkok Based on Complex Network Theory

Zhou Yingying, Shuaibo Li

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Complex network; flood safety patterns; Water Network; Built-up area of Bangkok

Online: 28 January 2022 (15:15:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0434.v1

Permanently Installed Terrestrial Laser Scanner And Synthetic Aperture Radar Data: Evaluation Of Correlation Factor Through Time Series Analysis On Coastal Area Under Varying Environmental Conditions

Valeria Di Biase, Mieke Kuschnerus, Roderik C. Lindenbergh

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Terrestrial Laser Scanner; SAR; coastal environment; weather effect; surface roughness.

Online: 28 January 2022 (11:18:54 CET)

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In the past years, our knowledge of coastal environments has been enriched by remotely sensed data. However, to successfully extract information from a combination of different sensors systems, it should be understood how these interact with the common coastal environment. In this research we co-analyze two sensor systems: Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and satellite based Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). TLS shows large potential for examining coastal processes thanks to the possibility to retrieve repeated, accurate and dense topographic information in a rapid and non-invasive manner. However, TLS presents some limits due to its high economic costs and limited field of view. SAR systems are among the most used active remote sensor system for Earth Observation. Despite their relatively low resolution, SAR systems provide the ability to monitor and map coastal areas with complete, repeated and frequent coverage, penetrating through clouds and providing all weather monitoring. Moreover, Sentinel-1 SAR images are freely available. The availability of a permanently installed TLS system (PLS, Permanent Laser Scanner) allows us, to extensively compare Sentinel-1 SAR data and topographic laser scans during different conditions on a sandy beach. PLS data are compared with simultaneous Sentinel-1 SAR images in order to investigate the combined use of PLS and SAR in coastal environments. The purpose of this comparison is the investigation of a possible relation between PLS and SAR data: knowing their relation, SAR dataset could be correlated to beaches characteristics. Meteorological and surface roughness have also been taken into consideration in the evaluation of the correlation between PLS and SAR data. The permanently installed laser scanner for the present study is located in Noordwijk (the Netherlands). A generally positive but low correlation exists between the two variables. When considering weather phenomena, their correlation increases and shows a dependence on wind directions and speed. The correlation with the surface roughness, evaluated in terms of root-mean squared height, also depends on specific wind speed and directions.

Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0418.v1

Unnatural Cycles: Anthropogenic Disruption To Health And Planetary Functions

Gillian Gibson, Alex G Stewart

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: natural cycles; air pollution; asthma; chronic obstructive airways disease; mining; sustainability; circular economy

Online: 27 January 2022 (12:15:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0309.v1

Desertification in Spain: A Sound Diagnosis Unfollowed by Solutions

Jaime Martínez-Valderrama, Gabriel del Barrio, Maria E. Sanjuán, Emilio Guirado, Fernando T. Maestre

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: combat desertification; diagnosis; socioeconomic factors; convergence of evidence; agriculture

Online: 20 January 2022 (14:36:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0260.v1

A Bayesian Model for Annual Crop Phenological Parameter Estimation Using Optical High Resolution Image Time Series

Jordi Inglada

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: phenology; satellite image time series; vegetation index; Bayesian inference

Online: 18 January 2022 (13:51:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0235.v1

Temporal and Spatial Analysis of Coastal Water Quality to Support Application of Witheleg Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei Intensive Pond Technology

Akhmad Mustafa

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Characteristics; water quality; coastal areas; intensive technology; Litopenaeus vannamei

Online: 17 January 2022 (15:14:47 CET)

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Bulukumba Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia is one of the centres for whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei production that applies intensive technology. However, no information has been obtained regarding the characteristics and status of water quality in coastal areas with environmentally friendly concepts and the potential to receive a waste load. The study aimed to determine the performance of whiteleg shrimp culture in relation to temporal and spatial aspects and characteristic and water quality status. Measurement and sampling of water were carried out before stocking/initial of culture whiteleg shrimp (rainy season) and end of culture/after harvesting of whiteleg shrimp (dry season) at two locations in the coastal area of Bulukumba Regency, namely Bonto Bahari Subdistrict (BB) and Gantarang Subdistrict (GT). Variables measured and analyzed included temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate, total suspended solids, and total organic matter. Data analysis with descriptive statistics, multivariate statistics, and non-parametric statistics. The Storet (Storage and Retrieval) method was used to determine the water quality status. The results showed that the culture of whiteleg shrimp was technology-intensive with a stocking density of 110 - 220 ind/m² with productivity between 13.9 - 44.4 tons/ha/cycle. The predicted waste load of N is 28.00 tons/cycle and P reaches 6.61 tons/cycle. Another result was that changes in water quality status during the rainy season were classified as moderately polluted at the BB location and complying quality standards at the GT location, while in the dry season, both locations were categorized as heavily polluted. Variables of water quality that caused the decrease in water quality status in both locations (BB and GT) were observed to increase salinity, nitrate concentration, and ammonia concentration. However, there was a decrease in dissolved oxygen concentration in the dry season.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0316.v2

Early Crop-Type Mapping Under Climate Anomalies

Michael Marszalek, Maximilian Lösch, Marco Körner, Urs Schmidhalter

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Precision farming; Early crop-type mapping; Sentinel-2; Random Forest; SVM

Online: 17 January 2022 (10:54:10 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0220.v1

Environmental and Socioeconomic Impacts of Shrimp Farming in the Philippines: A Critical Analysis Using PRISMA

Edison D. Macusi, Darshel Ester P. Estor, Elaine Q. Borazon, Misael B. Clapano, Mudjiekeewis D. Santos

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: Aquaculture; environmental impacts; PRISMA; shrimp aquaculture; socioeconomic impacts

Online: 17 January 2022 (10:47:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0216.v1

Glacier Retreat Results in Loss of Fungal Diversity

Masaharu Tsuji, Warwick F Vincent, Yukiko Tanabe, Masaki Uchida

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: glacial retreat; Walker Glacier; endangered fungi; climate change; mycoflora

Online: 14 January 2022 (15:02:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0201.v1

Bioprocesses and Technologies for Nutrient Recovery From Waste Water: Microalgae and Jellyfish

Fridah Valenciah Muthoni, María Veiga, Christian Kennes

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: wastewater; valuable algal biomass; nitrogen; phosphorus; jellyfish

Online: 14 January 2022 (11:18:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202201.0184.v1

Wind Farm Noise Management Based on Determinants of Annoyance

Frits van den Berg

Subject: Earth Sciences, Environmental Sciences Keywords: wind turbine; noise annoyance; fear; worry; noise sensitivity; noise management

Online: 13 January 2022 (10:26:10 CET)

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