User Perceptions and Cultural Relevance of a HISS-Based Food Classification Mobile Application

High consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) contributes to the growing burden of non-communicable disease, yet many consumers struggle to recognise and interpret levels of processing. Digital tools using artificial intelligence (AI) offer potential to support nutrition literacy and UPF awareness. This study explored user perceptions, usability and cultural relevance of a Human Interference Scoring System (HISS)-based mobile application designed to classify foods and support reflection on food quality and dietary choices. A qualitative study was conducted in New Zealand, where participants used the HISS app for three days followed by semi-structured interviews. Thirty-one participants were recruited via social media and word of mouth, including adolescents (n=13), tertiary students (n=9), and Māori and Pacific health coaches (n=9). Transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Three evaluative categories were identified: positive user experiences (intuitive interface, perceived AI accuracy, enhanced nutrition literacy, visual feedback, inclusivity of cultural foods); challenges (technical issues, database gaps, limited depth for advanced users); and suggested improvements (expanded food database, enhanced logging, culturally tailored education, optional advanced features). Participants reported increased awareness of UPF intake and reflection on food choices. The HISS app was perceived as usable, acceptable and relevant across diverse user groups, particularly for those with lower nutrition literacy. Addressing technical limitations and expanding functionality may enhance engagement and applicability. AI-enabled, culturally responsive food classification tools such as HISS show promise as scalable health promotion approaches to support UPF awareness and dietary reflection in community and clinical settings.