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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0427.v1

On Possible Minimal Length Deformation of Metric Tensor and Affine Connection

Fady Tarek Farouk, Abdel Nasser Tawfik, Fawsy Salah Tarabia, Muhammad Maher

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: deformed theories of gravity; Noncommutative geometry; Curved spacetime; Relativity and gravitation

Online: 6 June 2023 (09:33:57 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0297.v1

Dynamically Tunable Deflection of Radiation Based on Epsilon-Near-Zero Material

Lin Cheng, Kun Huang, Yu Wang, Fan Wu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Tunable deflection; epsilon-near-zero; metamaterial.

Online: 5 June 2023 (10:07:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0242.v1

On Semiclassical Gravity and Horizon Area

Naman Kumar

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Semiclassical Gravity; Generalized Entropy; Quantum Expansion; Thermody-namics of Causal Horizon; Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics of Spacetime

Online: 5 June 2023 (05:12:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0512.v5

Lorentz Boosts and Rapidity for Inertial Observers in Kruskal-Szekeres Coordinates

Christopher Laforet

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Black holes; General Relativity; Schwarzschild metric

Online: 31 May 2023 (13:23:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2150.v1

Metallic and Insulating Phases in Two-Dimensional Strongly-Coupled Field Theories With a Gravitational Dua

Matthew Stephenson

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Holography

Online: 30 May 2023 (13:17:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0216.v3

A dynamical approach to relativity: Desynchronization of clocks in rigid acceleration and gravitational redshift

İnanç Şahin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Dynamical approach to relativity; Relativity of simultaneity; Accelerated observers; Gravitational redshift

Online: 26 May 2023 (07:57:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1785.v1

Theoretical evidence for principles of special relativity based on isotropic and uniform four-dimensional space

Takuya Yamashita

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: constant speed of light; isotropic and uniform four-dimensional space; Lorentz transformation; principle of relativity; rotational transformation; special relativity

Online: 25 May 2023 (10:01:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1529.v1

Does the Universe Have Its Own Mass?

Natalia Gorobey, Alexander Lukyanenko, Alexander V Goltsev

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: universe; mass; canonical action; quantization; internal time

Online: 22 May 2023 (13:43:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0506.v2

The Macroscopic Mechanical Equilibrium Condition Governing and Supporting Equilibrium States: the Physical Origin of the Equation of State

Gang Liu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Equilibrium Conditions; Equation of State; thermal pressure; macroscopic internal stress

Online: 22 May 2023 (12:40:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1506.v1

Comment on the Cosmological Constant for λϕ4 Theory in D Spacetime Dimensions

Andre Leclair

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: cosmological constant; quantum field theory

Online: 22 May 2023 (10:47:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1446.v1

On the Relationship between Electrical Conductivity and Electromigration in Liquid Metals

David K Belashchenko

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: conductivity; electromigration; effective charge; metal solutions; Drude-Sommerfeld; consistency rule

Online: 19 May 2023 (15:35:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1416.v1

The Impact of Higher-Order Interactions on the Synchronization of Hindmarsh-Rose Neuron Maps under Different Coupling Functions

Mahtab Mehrabbeik, Atefeh Ahmadi, Fatemeh Bakouie, Amir Homayoun Jafari, Sajad Jafari, Dibakar Ghosh

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Higher-order network; Simplicial complex; Synchronization; Neuron; Map-based model

Online: 19 May 2023 (09:39:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0022.v7

The Geometrization of Maxwell’s Equations and the Emergence of Gravity

Raymond Beach

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Maxwell’s equations; General Relativity; unification of electromagnetism and gravity; dark matter and dark energy; electromagnetic and gravitational radiation; antimatter; antigravity; quantization; superluminal transport

Online: 15 May 2023 (14:37:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0952.v1

The Influence of Time in a Theory of Nature

Richard Oldani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Non-commutation; quantum mechanics; time; quantum oscillator; Planck’s law; matrix mechanics; relativity theory; Schrödinger equation

Online: 12 May 2023 (13:38:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0897.v1

The Quantization of Mass

José Garrigues-Baixauli

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Quantization Mass; Planck Length

Online: 12 May 2023 (07:19:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0512.v4

Examination of the Event Horizon and Internal Geometry of the Schwarzschild Metric in Kruskal-Szekeres Coordinates

Christopher Laforet

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Black holes; General Relativity; Schwarzschild metric

Online: 11 May 2023 (14:15:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0761.v1

Spacetime as a Complex Network and the Cosmological Constant Problem

Alexander Nesterov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Emergent spacetime; Discrete spacetime; Cosmological constant; Nonassociative geometry; Euler characteristic; Complex networks

Online: 10 May 2023 (14:28:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0399.v34

Can Physics Benefit from a New Concept of Time?

Markolf H. Niemz, Siegfried W. Stein

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: cosmology; Hubble constant; gravitation; wave–particle duality; entanglement

Online: 9 May 2023 (07:39:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0463.v1

Running Vacuum in the Universe: Phenomenological Status in Light of the Latest Observations, and Its Impact on the σ₈ and H₀ Tensions

Joan Solà Peracaula, Adrià Gómez-Valent, Javier De Cruz Pérez, Cristian Moreno-Pulido

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: cosmology; cosmological constant; dark energy

Online: 8 May 2023 (08:12:41 CEST)

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A substantial body of phenomenological and theoretical work over the last few years strengthens the possibility that the vacuum energy density (VED) of the universe is dynamical, and in particular that it adopts the `running vacuum model' (RVM) form, in which the VED evolves mildly as $\delta \rho_{\rm vac}(H)\sim \nu_{\rm eff} m_{\rm Pl}^2{\cal O}\left(H^2\right)$, where $H$ is the Hubble rate and $\nu_{\rm eff}$ is a (small) free parameter. This dynamical scenario is grounded on recent studies of quantum field theory (QFT) in curved spacetime and also on string theory. It turns out that what we call the `cosmological constant', $\Lambda$, is no longer a rigid parameter but the nearly sustained value of $8\pi G(H)\rho_{\rm vac}(H)$ around (any) given epoch $H(t)$, where $G(H)$ is the gravitational coupling, which can also be very mildly running (logarithmically). Of particular interest is the possibility suggested in past works that such a running may help to cure the cosmological tensions afflicting the $\Lambda$CDM. In the current study, we reanalyze it in full and we find it becomes further buttressed. Using the modern cosmological data, namely a compilation of the latest SNIa+BAO+$H(z)$+LSS+CMB observations, we probe to which extent the RVM provides a quality fit better than the concordance $\Lambda$CDM model, paying particular emphasis on its impact on the $\sigma_8$ and $H_0$ tensions. We utilize the Einstein-Boltzmann system solver \texttt{CLASS} and the Monte Carlo sampler \texttt{MontePython} for the statistical analysis, as well as the statistical DIC criterion to compare the running vacuum against the rigid vacuum ($\nu_{\rm eff} = 0$). On fundamental grounds, $\nu_{\rm eff}$ receives contributions from all the quantized matter fields in FLRW spacetime. We show that with a tiny amount of vacuum dynamics ($|\nu_{\rm eff}|\ll 1$) the global fit can improve significantly with respect to the $\CC$CDM and the mentioned tensions may subside to inconspicuous levels.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0373.v1

All Physical Information Is Discretely Connected From the Beginning and All Geometrical Appearance Is a Delayed Statistical Consequence

Wolfgang Orthuber

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Information; Quantum Physics; Matrix Exponential Function; Bernoulli Random Walk; BRW; Statistics

Online: 6 May 2023 (04:15:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0399.v33

Can Physics Benefit from a New Concept of Time?

Markolf H. Niemz, Siegfried W. Stein

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: cosmology; Hubble constant; gravitation; wave–particle duality; entanglement

Online: 5 May 2023 (02:52:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0512.v3

Examination of the Event Horizon and Internal Geometry of the Schwarzschild Metric in Kruskal-Szekeres Coordinates

Christopher Laforet

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Black holes; General Relativity; Schwarzschild metric

Online: 4 May 2023 (11:42:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0221.v1

A Theoretical Explanation and Modification of the Lorentz Contraction Effect, and a Tentative Theoretical Explanation of the Planck Energy Formula

Sheng Qin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Lorentz contraction effect; Planck energy formula

Online: 4 May 2023 (07:57:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0197.v4

Space Theory

S. Chen

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: space; gravitation

Online: 30 April 2023 (04:28:01 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.1134.v1

The Magnificent Realm of Affine Quantization: valid results for particles, fields, and gravity

John Klauder, Riccardo Fantoni

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Affine Quantization; Particles; Fields; Quantum Gravity

Online: 28 April 2023 (07:21:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0919.v1

Quantum-Classical Transition for Mixed States: The Scaled Von Neumann Equation

S. Mousavi, S. Miret-Artés

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Bohmian mechanics; Transition wave equation; Scaled Liouville-von Neumann equation; Scaled trajectories; Scaled Wigner-Moyal approach; Scaled Wigner distribution function

Online: 25 April 2023 (10:19:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0887.v1

Is Time a Cyclic Dimension? How to Second-Quantize Fields by Means of Periodic Boundary Conditions

Donatello Dolce

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Foundations of Quantum Mechanics; Quantum Field Theory; Second Quantization; Commutation Relations; Relativistic Time; Finite Temperature Field Theory; Time Crystal

Online: 25 April 2023 (04:27:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0399.v32

An Issue in Einstein’s Concept of Time

Markolf H. Niemz, Siegfried W. Stein

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: cosmology; Hubble constant; gravitation; wave–particle duality; entanglement

Online: 24 April 2023 (05:42:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0795.v1

Dynamics of System States in the Probability Representation of Quantum Mechanics

Vladimir N. Chernega, Olga V. Man'ko

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: probability distributions; entanglement; quantizer operator; dequantizer operator; 7 symplectic tomography; center-of-mass tomography, even and odd cat states

Online: 23 April 2023 (08:30:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0636.v1

Properties of Spherically Symmetric Black Hole in the Framework of GBD Modified Gravitational Theory

Mou Xu, Jianbo Lu, Shining Yang, Hongnan Jiang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: generalized Brans-Dicke theory; corrected entropy of black hole; geodesics stability; modified gravity theory

Online: 20 April 2023 (09:25:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0383.v5

Topological Vortexes, Asymptotic Freedom and Multifractals

Alexander Migdal

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Turbulence; Multifractals; Anomalous dissipation; Fixed point; Velocity circulation; Burgers vortex; asymptotic freedom

Online: 19 April 2023 (03:52:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0512.v2

Examination of the Event Horizon and Internal Geometry of the Schwarzschild Metric in Kruskal-Szekeres Coordinates

Christopher Laforet

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Black holes; General Relativity; Schwarzschild metric

Online: 13 April 2023 (12:54:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0399.v31

An Issue in Einstein’s Concept of Time

Markolf H. Niemz, Siegfried W. Stein

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: cosmology; Hubble constant; gravitation; wave–particle duality; entanglement

Online: 11 April 2023 (04:01:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0540.v2

4-Component Spinors for SL(4,C) and Four Types of Transformations

Mehmet Ali Kuntman

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Lie Algebra; Particle Physics; quantum mechanics

Online: 11 April 2023 (03:27:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0169.v1

Unraveling Soft Squeezing Transformations in Time-Variant Elastic Fields

Jesús Fuentes

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Squeezing; Quantum Dynamics; Integrable Systems; Exact Solutions

Online: 10 April 2023 (10:27:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0399.v30

An Issue in Einstein’s Concept of Time

Markolf H. Niemz, Siegfried W. Stein

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: cosmology; Hubble constant; gravitation; wave–particle duality; entanglement

Online: 10 April 2023 (04:28:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0127.v1

Synchronization, Control and Data Assimilation of the Lorenz System

Franco Bagnoli, Michele Baia

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Master-slave synchronization; data assimilation; parameter estimation; Lorenz system

Online: 7 April 2023 (13:02:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0383.v4

Topological Vortexes, Asymptotic Freedom and Multifractals

Alexander Migdal

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Turbulence; Multifractals; Anomalous dissipation; Fixed point; Velocity circulation; Burgers vortex; asymptotic freedom

Online: 7 April 2023 (03:01:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0334.v4

The Conservation Laws in Quantum Mechanics

Richard Joseph Oldani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: conservation laws; Hamilton's principle; energy; momentum; path integral formulation; matrix mechanics

Online: 6 April 2023 (09:29:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0383.v3

Topological Vortexes, Asymptotic Freedom and Multifractals

Alexander Migdal

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Turbulence; Multifractals; Anomalous dissipation; Fixed point; Velocity circulation; Burgers vortex; asymptotic freedom

Online: 6 April 2023 (05:28:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0383.v2

Topological Vortexes, Asymptotic Freedom and Multifractals

Alexander Migdal

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Turbulence; Multifractals; Anomalous dissipation; Fixed point; Velocity circulation; Burgers vortex; asymptotic freedom

Online: 5 April 2023 (13:48:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0011.v1

Developed Method. Interactions and Their Quantum Picture

Piotr Ogonowski

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Field theory; Lagrangian mechanics; Quantum mechanics; General Relativity

Online: 3 April 2023 (05:43:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0055.v2

Extrinsic Quaternion Spin

Bryan Sanctuary

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: foundations of physics; Dirac equation; spin; quantum theory; non-locality; helicity

Online: 3 April 2023 (03:01:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0551.v1

Proportional Equation and Multiplicative Superposition: New Way to Understand Reality

Seong-Dong Kim

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Gravity; Dark Energy; Dark Matter; Inflation; Fundamental Forces; Particle-wave duality

Online: 31 March 2023 (14:42:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0334.v3

The Conservation Laws in Quantum Mechanics

Richard Joseph Oldani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: conservation laws; Hamilton's principle; energy; momentum; path integral formulation; matrix mechanics

Online: 31 March 2023 (05:28:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0540.v1

4-Component Spinors for SL(4,C) and Four Types of Transformations

Mehmet Ali Kuntman

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Lie Algebra; Particle Physics; quantum mechanics

Online: 31 March 2023 (03:35:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0512.v1

Kruskal-Szekeres Coordinates as Extrinsic Coordinates of the Schwarzschild Metric

Christopher Laforet

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Black holes; General Relativity; Schwarzschild metric

Online: 29 March 2023 (14:31:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0506.v1

The Macroscopic Mechanical Equilibrium Condition Governing and Supporting Equilibrium States: the Physical Origin of the Equation of State

Gang Liu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Equilibrium Conditions; Equation of State

Online: 29 March 2023 (10:58:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0504.v1

The Exceptional Jordan Algebra, and Its Implications for Our Understanding of Gravitation and the Weak Force

Tejinder Singh

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Exceptional Jordan algebra; octonions; standard model of particle physics; general relativity; weak interaction; Modified Newtonian Dynamics

Online: 29 March 2023 (07:13:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0334.v2

The Conservation Laws in Quantum Mechanics

Richard Joseph Oldani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: conservation laws; Hamilton's principle; energy; momentum; path integral formulation; matrix mechanics

Online: 27 March 2023 (08:49:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0421.v1

Theoretical Calculation of the Gravitational Constant Using the Elementary Charge, Speed of Light, Z Boson Mass, and Relativistic Mechanics

Askar Abdukadyrov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Elementary charge; Gravitational constant; Stoney mass; Z boson

Online: 24 March 2023 (02:04:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0383.v1

Topological Vortexes, Asymptotic Freedom and Multifractals

Alexander Migdal

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Turbulence; Multifractals; Anomalous dissipation; Fixed point; Velocity circulation; Burgers vortex; asymptotic freedom

Online: 22 March 2023 (02:03:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0151.v3

Some Comments on a Time Interval Only Description

Harmen Henricus Hollestelle

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: time interval, measurement event, derivative, group-velocity, star cloud, radiation propagation, complementarity, gravitation

Online: 21 March 2023 (15:15:29 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0334.v1

The Conservation Laws in Quantum Mechanics

Richard Joseph Oldani

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: conservation laws; Hamilton's principle; energy; momentum; path integral formulation; matrix mechanics

Online: 20 March 2023 (02:36:45 CET)

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Preprint BRIEF REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0316.v1

G4v and the Correspondence Principle

Daniel Piasecki

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Gravitational four-vector (G4v); Speed of Light; Correspondence Principle.

Online: 20 February 2023 (02:21:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0023.v8

Bell's Theorem Begs the Question

Joy Christian

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Bell’s theorem; local realism; Bell-CHSH inequalities; quantum correlations; Bell-test experimentsexperiments

Online: 8 February 2023 (01:52:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0055.v1

Extrinsic Quaternion Spin

Bryan Sanctuary

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: foundations of physics; Dirac equation; spin; quantum theory; non-locality; helicity

Online: 3 February 2023 (03:51:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0023.v7

Bell's Theorem Begs the Question

Joy Christian

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Bell’s theorem; local realism; Bell-CHSH inequalities; quantum correlations; Bell-test experimentsexperiments

Online: 1 February 2023 (07:17:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0277.v2

Universe as a Graph (Ramsey Approach to Analysis of Physical Systems)

Nir Shvalb, Mark Frenkel, Shraga Shoval, Edward Bormashenko

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: physical system; attraction; repulsion; Ramsey theory; transitivity; complete graph; dipole-dipole interaction; relativity; Hamiltonian path.

Online: 20 January 2023 (07:50:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0233.v1

Newton’s Third Law in the Framework of Special Relativity for Charged Bodies Part 3: Time Dependent Engines

Asher Yahalom

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Newton’s Third Law, Electromagnetism, Relativity

Online: 13 January 2023 (02:14:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0568.v1

Velocity of Light through a Moving Medium Applied to the Fizeau Experiment

Filip Dambi Filipescu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: velocity of light; moving medium; Fresnel drag coefficient; Fizeau experiment; Hoek experiment.

Online: 30 November 2022 (08:53:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0251.v2

Sagnac Eﬀect with Non-Zero Mass Particles and Light: the Transition from Classical to Relativistic

Mathieu Rouaud

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Rotating Disk; Special Relativity; Sagnac, synchronization; metric; Coriolis; transition; classical

Online: 21 November 2022 (04:23:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0277.v1

Universe as a Graph (Ramsey Approach to Analysis of Physical Systems)

Nir Shvalb, Mark Frenkel, Shraga Shoval, Edward Bormashenko

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: physical system; attraction; repulsion; Ramsey theory; transitivity; complete graph; relativity; Hamiltonian path.

Online: 15 November 2022 (06:56:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0329.v1

Diffusion and Velocity Correlations of the Phase Transitions in a System of Macroscopic Rolling Spheres

Francisco Vega Reyes, Álvaro Rodríguez-Rivas, Juan F. González-Saavedra, Miguel A. López-Castaño

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: phase transition; diffusion; granular matter

Online: 22 September 2022 (02:35:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0151.v2

Some Comments on a Time Interval Only Description

Harmen Henricus Hollestelle

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: time interval; measurement event; Noether charge; structure constants; differentiation properties; star source radiation propagation; gravitation

Online: 20 September 2022 (11:21:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0181.v2

A Possible Explanation for the Twin Paradox and Action at a Distance—The Relative Independence of Space and the Absoluteness of Simultaneity

Sheng Qin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: the absoluteness of simultaneity; the relative independence of space; special relativity; the problem of measuring; the action at a distance; cosmic inflation

Online: 19 September 2022 (10:30:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0151.v1

Some Comments on a Time Interval Only Description

Harmen Henricus Hollestelle

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: time interval; measurement event; Noether charge; structure constants; differentiation properties; star source radiation propagation; gravitation

Online: 12 September 2022 (13:03:22 CEST)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0362.v2

An Almost Unlimited Energy Source Potentially Hidden behind the "Weak” Gravity Force

Alain Haraux

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: gravitation; gravitons; energy

Online: 12 September 2022 (12:56:21 CEST)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0362.v1

An Almost Unlimited Energy Source Potentially Hidden behind the "Weak” Gravity Force

Alain Haraux

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: gravitation; gravitons; energy

Online: 19 August 2022 (10:27:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0251.v1

Sagnac Eﬀect with Non-Zero Mass Particles and Light: the Transition from Classical to Relativistic

Mathieu Rouaud

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Rotating Disk; Special Relativity; Sagnac, synchronization; metric; Corio-lis; transition; classical

Online: 15 August 2022 (07:48:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0153.v1

Fits of Models and Thermodynamic Properties in Drying of Mass of Jambu Leaves

Francileni Pompeu Gomes, Osvaldo Resende, Elisabete Piancó de Sousa, Juliana Aparecida Célia, Kênia Borges De Oliveira

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Acmella oleracea; Tapete de Espuma; Cinética de Secagem

Online: 8 August 2022 (10:50:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0058.v1

Heterogeneity Extends Criticality

Fernanda Sánchez-Puig, Octavio Zapata, Omar K. Pineda, Gerardo Iñiguez, Carlos Gershenson

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: complexity; phase transitions; criticality; Ising model; random Boolean networks

Online: 2 August 2022 (09:30:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0398.v1

General Relativity Fractal for Cosmic Web

Irina Rozgacheva

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: fractal; General Relativity; exact solutions; geodetic vector; cosmic web; quasi-periodic distribution of matter; deformation tensor of space-time

Online: 29 June 2022 (08:14:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0181.v1

A Possible Explanation for the Twin Paradox and Action at a Distance — The Relative Independence of Space and the Absoluteness of Simultaneity

Sheng Qin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: the absoluteness of simultaneity; the relative independence of space; special relativity; the problem of measuring; the action at a distance; cosmic inflation

Online: 13 June 2022 (10:02:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0808.v3

Adaptive Network Automata Modelling of Complex Networks

Alessandro Muscoloni, Umberto Michieli, Yingtao Zhang, Carlo Vittorio Cannistraci

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: complex networks; network models; link prediction; automata theory; network automata; Cannistraci-Hebb theory

Online: 11 May 2022 (14:51:01 CEST)

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Many complex networks have a connectivity that might be only partially detected or that tends to grow over time, hence the prediction of non-observed links is a fundamental problem in network science. The aim of topological link prediction is to forecast these non-observed links by only exploiting features intrinsic to the network topology. It has a wide range of real applications, like suggesting friendships in social networks or predicting interactions in biological networks.The Cannistraci-Hebb theory is a recent achievement in network science that includes a theoretical framework to understand local-based link prediction on paths of length n. In this study we introduce two innovations: theory of modelling (science) and theory of realization (engineering). For the theory of modelling we first recall a definition of network automata as a general framework for modelling the growth of connectivity in complex networks. We then show that several deterministic models previously developed fall within this framework and we introduce novel network automata following the Cannistraci-Hebb rule. For the theory of realization, we present how to build adaptive network automata for link prediction, which incorporate multiple deterministic models of self-organization and automatically choose the rule that better explains the patterns of connectivity in the network under investigation. We compare Cannistraci-Hebb adaptive (CHA) network automaton against state-of-the-art link prediction methods such as structural perturbation method (SPM), stochastic block models (SBM) and artificial intelligence algorithms for graph embedding. CHA displays an overall higher link prediction performance across different evaluation frameworks on 1386 networks. Finally, we highlight that CHA offers the key advantage to explicitly explain the mechanistic rule of self-organization which leads to the link prediction performance, whereas SPM and graph embedding not. In comparison to CHA, SBM unfortunately shows irrelevant and unsatisfactory performance demonstrating that SBM modelling is not adequate for link prediction in real networks.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0135.v1

An Investigation of Experimental Reports on the Relativistic Relation for Doppler Shift

James McKelvie

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Doppler; relativistic; non-relativistic

Online: 10 May 2022 (10:08:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202204.0198.v1

"Gravitationally Lensed Gravity" from a Spacetime Perspective

Andreas Boenke

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: gravity; gravitational lens; gravitationally lensed gravity; GLG; general relativity; spacetime curvature; light cone; null cone; gravity null cone; null geodesic; speed of gravity; Newtonian Limit; Minkowski diagram

Online: 21 April 2022 (09:19:44 CEST)

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A gravitational lens is mass-curved spacetime. Light that propagates freely, locally always on the fastest way, follows curved paths in it. The same applies to all effects propagating with the speed of light, also to gravity itself. They all have to follow the curvature of spacetime. A gravitational lens not only enhances the light from background objects but concurrently also their gravitational effect ! The "Gravitationally Lensed Gravity" (GLG) is a still scarcely noticed peculiar feature of general relativity. In [1] I presented a thought experiment to make the existence of this effect plausible. Here these considerations are described in terms of future and past light cones or null cones commonly used in relativity theory to illustrate the causal structure of spacetime. In the framework of general relativity, the GLG effect can be understood as a consequence of the folding of the past null cone by a gravitational lens. Starting from the basic ideas of the theory, the terms are introduced and applied. The extensive description on textbook level should be understandable also for beginners. In order not to obstruct the view on the essential physical relations, I avoid a mathematical formalism and use instead diagrams and figures, based on realistic numerical calculations, to reinforce my logical argumentation. Experts will recognize many long-known facts, but may still be surprised by the resulting conclusions. First, I present some particular aspects of the historical evolution of the concept of gravitational lensing and give a brief overview of the work of other authors on the subject GLG. I then explain the limitations of the applicability of the "Newtonian Limit" and move on to the key role of the speed of gravity in understanding GLG. Finally, I use a simple example to illustrate the possible significance of the GLG effect. With this work I intend to elicit greater interest in "Gravitationally Lensed Gravity" and to initiate a broader discussion about it.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0216.v2

Desynchronization of Clocks in Rigid Acceleration and Gravitational Redshift

İnanç Şahin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Relativity of simultaneity; Accelerated observers; Gravitational redshift

Online: 24 March 2022 (07:26:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0270.v1

Using Potential Dependent Special Relativity, Gauss’s Law, and Schrodinger Equation to Find Vacuum Quantized Energy and Elementary Particles Mass

Zoalnoon Ahmed Abeid Allah Saad, Mubarak Dirar Abd-Alla Yagoubb, Mohamed Yahia Shirgawi Mohammed, Mashair Ahmed Mohammed Yousef

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: potential dependent special relativity; Gauss law; gravity; vacuum energy; Schrödinger equation; spherical symmetry

Online: 18 March 2022 (17:04:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0165.v1

The Singularity of Legendre Functions of the First Kind as a Consequence of the Symmetry of Legendre’s Equation

Ramses van der Toorn

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Legendre’s equation; Legendre functions; Legendre polynomials; singularities; symmetry

Online: 11 March 2022 (09:33:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0293.v1

Bending of Electric Field Lines and Photon Trajectories in a Static Gravitational Field

Ashok Singal

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Special relativity; General relativity; Electromagnetism; Bending of electric field lines in a gravitational field; Electric field lines of a freely falling charge; Bending of photon trajectories in a gravitational field

Online: 23 February 2022 (12:58:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0216.v1

Desynchronization of Clocks in Rigid Acceleration and Gravitational Redshift

İnanç Şahin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Relativity of simultaneity; Accelerated observers; Gravitational redshift

Online: 17 February 2022 (13:39:48 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0130.v1

The Real Cause of Differential Aging in the Twin “paradox”

Gordon Liu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Twin paradox; Relativity; Space-time; Time dilation; Differential aging

Online: 9 February 2022 (10:20:33 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0230.v5

Einstein's Elevator: World Lines, Michelson-Morley Experiment and Relativistic Paradox

Mathieu Rouaud

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: uniformly accelerating; worldline; circle; synchronization; Michelson; interferometer; paradox

Online: 6 December 2021 (15:40:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0559.v1

Relativity of Energy

Alireza Jamali

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: minimum gravitational potential; Mercury's orbit; mass-energy space; function space

Online: 30 November 2021 (11:27:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0230.v4

World Lines in Einstein's Elevator

Mathieu Rouaud

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: uniformly accelerating; worldline; circle; synchronization; Michelson; interferometer; paradox

Online: 19 October 2021 (09:54:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0470.v1

On Variable Speed of Light and Relativity of Constantaneity

Alireza Jamali

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: relativity of constantaneity; variable speed of light

Online: 28 September 2021 (11:56:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0291.v1

Violation of the Relativistic Energy Conservation Law and Einstein’s Principle of Relativity Caused by the Generation of Mechanical Transverse Waves in a Moving Medium

Kenji Kawashima

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: relativistic energy; energy conservation law; Einstein’s principle of relativity; rest mass in wave motion; relativity of simultaneity; time dilation; Lorentz contraction; mechanical transverse wave; special relativity

Online: 16 September 2021 (14:20:57 CEST)

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We study the effect of the generation of the mechanical transverse wave (MTW)　travelling in the opposite direction (OD) to a moving medium (MM) on the relativistic energy conservation law (RECL). From the viewpoint of the relativity of simultaneity (RS), the time on the coordinate coinciding with the advance end of the wave (AEW) travelling toward the rear of the MM passes faster than that on the coordinate coinciding with the wave source (WS). Then the AEW in the MM travels forward compared to that in the rest frame of reference (RFR) which is stationary relative to the medium when the time on the coordinate coinciding with the WS is same for each inertial frame of reference (IFR). Hence, the coordinate interval (CI) between the AEW and WS in the MM is observed to be larger than that between them in the RFR. We show that this difference holds true for the CI of any portion having transverse velocities mutually converted by the Lorentz transformation (LT). This difference in the CI leads to that in the rest mass (RM). We demonstrate that the RM included in wave motion (WM) in the MM is larger than one included in WM in the RFR when comparing the portions having transverse velocities mutually converted by the LT. This relation holds true for all portions in WM. Therefore, the total coordinate interval of the portion (CIP) and total RM (TRM) included in WM in the MM (WMMM) are large compared to them included in WM in the RFR. Furthermore, we compare the relativistic kinetic energy (RKE) of the MTW travelling in the OD to the MM (ODMM) with that of the MTW propagating in the direction vertical to the moving direction of the medium. We prove that the CIP and RM included in the former MTW are larger than them included in the latter MTW when comparing each portion with the same transverse velocity (TV). Moreover, the total CIP and TRM included in the former MTW are also large compared to them included in the latter MTW. The reason for these is that the latter CIP and RM are equal to them in the RFR when comparing the portions having transverse velocities mutually converted by the LT. On the other hand, the energy supplied to generate each MTW is the same. From these, we demonstrate that the RKE of the MTW travelling in the ODMM can be larger than the total relativistic energy (TRE) of the MTW propagating in the direction vertical to the moving direction of the medium. Consequently, we propose a violation of the RECL and Einstein’s principle of relativity (EPR) because the TRE is not necessarily conserved in the IFR in which the medium is moving.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Geometric State Sum Models from Quasicrystals

Marcelo Amaral, Fang Fang, Dugan Hammock, Klee Irwin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: self-simulation hypothesis; principle of efficient language; quasicrystals; game of life; emergence; state sum models

Online: 9 September 2021 (11:08:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0194.v2

Theoretical Studies on the Creation of Artificial Magnetic Monopoles

Shinichi Ishiguri

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Artificial magnetic monopole; new electromagnetic equations; superconducting loop; stationary wave; conservation of momentum; Lorentz conservation; magnetic potential; Dirac equation; energy gap in vacuum; pair of two Cooper pairs

Online: 6 September 2021 (14:21:23 CEST)

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The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the existence of an artificial magnetic monopole and to introduce new electromagnetic equations by altering an electric field and a magnetic field vectors.As a principle device, a cylindrical condenser is prepared, and a superconducting loop is inserted into it. By this conduction, radial electric fields take a role as the centripetal force and both counterclockwise and clockwise motions are induced. As a result, a stationery wave is formed in which the nodes take a part in creating a monopole as follows.First, employing the Lorentz conservations and because node of the stationary wave has no phases, the momentum k and the vector potential A vanish and instead a magnetic potential appears in order to maintain the Lorentz conservation. This magnetic potential has relationship with an electric potential, and thus consequently, a dependent relationship is obtained between an electric field and a magnetic field vectors. Using this conclusive dependent relationship, we can derive new Maxwell equation assembly which are created by altering the electric field and the magnetic field vectors. In this process, we derive a divergent equation of magnetic fields which is not zero, i.e., the existence of a magnetic monopole. Employing these newly derived Maxwell equation, an electromagnetic wave is derived whose speed is the same as one the existing Maxwell equations provide. As a monopole configuration, this paper discusses the energy gap of the vacuum, which is a result of the Dirac equation and describes a monopole as pairs between two Cooper pairs (i.e. four electrons) whose interaction is a photon. As mentioned, because the total momenta and phases are zero, this paper defines the wave function as the Dirac function and demonstrate the condensation, employing the Bloch’s theorem. Moreover, using the macroscopic basic equations, we retrace the creation of the divergent magnetic field in view of macroscopic phenomenon., which provides results in this paper.In Result section in this paper, we succeeded in demonstrating the distribution of the divergent magnetic field of monopole in terms of both microscopic and macroscopic scales. Furthermore, Discussion section describes properties a magnetic monopole should follow.

Working Paper ESSAY

Corrections of the Equation for the Fermi Level of Impurity Isotropic Semiconductors

Jinzhe Lyu

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: first Brillouin zone; valence band; conduction band; Fermi level; semiconductor

Online: 23 August 2021 (12:11:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0106.v1

Eﬀects of Linear Central Potential Induced by Lorentz Symmetry Violation framework and Cornell-type Non-electromagnetic Potential on Spin-0 Scalar Particles

Faizuddin Ahmed

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Lorentz symmetry violation; Relativistic wave-equations; scalar potential; electric & magnetic ﬁeld; biconﬂuent Heun’s equation

Online: 3 June 2021 (11:39:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0230.v3

World Lines in Einstein's Elevator

Mathieu Rouaud

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: uniformly accelerating, worldline, circle, synchronization, Michelson, interferometer, paradox

Online: 1 June 2021 (16:20:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0230.v2

World Lines in Einstein's Elevator

Mathieu Rouaud

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Einstein, elevator, lift, uniformly accelerated, worldline, circle, Michelson

Online: 19 April 2021 (22:29:31 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0033.v1

Geometric State Sum Models from Quasicrystals

Marcelo Amaral, Fang Fang, Dugan Hammock, Klee Irwin

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: self-simulation hypothesis, principle of efficient language, quasicrystals, game of life, emergence, state sum models

Online: 1 April 2021 (16:20:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0230.v1

Worldlines in the Einstein's Elevator

Mathieu Rouaud

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: special relativity, Einstein, elevator, lift, horizon, accelerated, ellipse, circle

Online: 8 March 2021 (15:29:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0808.v2

Adaptive Network Automata Modelling of Complex Networks

Alessandro Muscoloni, Umberto Michieli, Carlo Vittorio Cannistraci

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: complex networks; network models; link prediction; automata theory; network automata; Cannistraci-Hebb theory

Online: 24 February 2021 (10:53:48 CET)

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Many complex networks have a connectivity that might be only partially detected or that tends to grow over time, hence the prediction of non-observed links is a fundamental problem in network science. The aim of topological link prediction is to forecast these non-observed links by only exploiting features intrinsic to the network topology. It has a wide range of real applications, like suggesting friendships in social networks or predicting interactions in biological networks.The Cannistraci-Hebb theory is a recent achievement in network science that includes a theoretical framework to understand local-based link prediction on paths of length n. In this study we introduce two innovations: theory of modelling (science) and theory of realization (engineering). For the theory of modelling we first recall a definition of network automata as a general framework for modelling the growth of connectivity in complex networks. We then show that several deterministic models previously developed fall within this framework and we introduce novel network automata following the Cannistraci-Hebb rule. For the theory of realization, we present how to build adaptive network automata for link prediction, which incorporate multiple deterministic models of self-organization and automatically choose the rule that better explains the patterns of connectivity in the network under investigation. We compare Cannistraci-Hebb adaptive (CHA) network automaton against state-of-the-art link prediction methods such as structural perturbation method (SPM), stochastic block models (SBM) and artificial intelligence algorithms for graph embedding. CHA displays an overall higher link prediction performance across different evaluation frameworks on 1386 networks. Finally, we highlight that CHA offers the key advantage to explicitly explain the mechanistic rule of self-organization which leads to the link prediction performance, whereas SPM and graph embedding not. In comparison to CHA, SBM unfortunately shows irrelevant and unsatisfactory performance demonstrating that SBM modelling is not adequate for link prediction in real networks.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0808.v1

Adaptive Network Automata Modelling of Complex Networks

Alessandro Muscoloni, Umberto Michieli, Carlo Vittorio Cannistraci

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: complex networks; network models; link prediction; automata theory; network automata; Cannistraci-Hebb theory

Online: 31 December 2020 (13:15:22 CET)

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Many complex networks have a connectivity that might be only partially detected or that tends to grow over time, hence the prediction of non-observed links is a fundamental problem in network science. The aim of topological link prediction is to forecast these non-observed links by only exploiting features intrinsic to the network topology. It has a wide range of real applications, like suggesting friendships in social networks or predicting interactions in biological networks.The Cannistraci-Hebb theory is a recent achievement in network science that includes a theoretical framework to understand local-based link prediction on paths of length n. In this study we introduce two innovations: theory of modelling (science) and theory of realization (engineering). For the theory of modelling we first recall a definition of network automata as a general framework for modelling the growth of connectivity in complex networks. We then show that several deterministic models previously developed fall within this framework and we introduce novel network automata following the Cannistraci-Hebb rule. For the theory of realization, we present how to build adaptive network automata for link prediction, which incorporate multiple deterministic models of self-organization and automatically choose the rule that better explains the patterns of connectivity in the network under investigation. We compare Cannistraci-Hebb adaptive (CHA) network automaton against state-of-the-art link prediction methods such as structural perturbation method (SPM), stochastic block models (SBM) and artificial intelligence algorithms for graph embedding. CHA displays an overall higher link prediction performance across different evaluation frameworks on 1386 networks. Finally, we highlight that CHA offers the key advantage to explicitly explain the mechanistic rule of self-organization which leads to the link prediction performance, whereas SPM and graph embedding not. In comparison to CHA, SBM unfortunately shows irrelevant and unsatisfactory performance demonstrating that SBM modelling is not adequate for link prediction in real networks.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0524.v2

Mass Gap Problem Physical Solution

Srečko Šorli

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Mass Gap Problem; Planck-Einstein relation; bijectivity

Online: 22 December 2020 (12:24:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0300.v2

Derivation of Time and Spatial Decaying of Schrodinger Equation Using Maxwell Electric Equation to Describe Scattering in Some Physical Systems

Lutfi Mohammed AbdAlgadir, Zoalnoon Ahmed Abeid Allah Saad, HassabAllah Mohamed Abdulgadir, Mubarak Dirar

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Complex wave mek complex frequency, medium, electric field, the medium wave function, friction, relaxation time

Online: 15 December 2020 (10:01:14 CET)

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